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Northern Star (1837-1852), 11th November 1843, Edition 1 of 3, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      BIRDS . ( BT ShXZi . COOK . ) Blrdi ' . bWil j 8 uebewitifnl things , With your earth-treading feet and yoar doud-deaTiiif viogi . When dull man -wander , and where ahall he dwell , Beautiful birds , thit ye come notm well ? Te hsre nsrts on the mountain ail ragged and start Ye hare nests in the forest all tangled and da *; * yebaM and ye brood ' neath the cottagers * eares , And ye Bleep en the sod Inid the bonnie green leaTea-Ye hide in the heather , ye lurk in the brake , ye dire in the rsreet flags that shadow the lake ; Ye akim -where the stream parts the orchard-decked

      land ; Ye dance -where the foam sweeps the desolate strand ; Bwwrtifhl birds , ye come thicily arennd , When the bad > on the branch and the raow ' a on the jgronndj Ye come when the richest of roses flash out , And ye come when- the yellow leaf eddies about Grey-halrea pilgrim , thon hast been Bound the chequered , world 1 ween ; - Thon hast lived in happy lands , Where the thriving city stands ; Thon hast travell'd far to see Where the city nsed to be ; Chance and change are every where , Riches here and rains there ; Pilgrim thon hast gazed on all ,

      On rising pile and fading walL Tell us , saw ye not brave birds , In the crumbling halls of old , Where Monarch ' s smile and ruler ' s words Breathed above the chaliced gold ? Say who is it now that waits At the " hundredbrsssn gates' ? Who is now the great High Priest , Bending o ' er the carrion feast ? who is now the reigning « ne , I O'ff ths dasfc of JBibylen ? It U the owl with doleful scream , Waking the jackall from his dream ; It i » the Riven black and aleek . With shining claw and sharpened beak ; It is the Vulture sitting high In mockery of thrones gone by .

      Pilgrim , say , what dost thon meet In busy mart and crowded street ! There the smoke-brown Sparrow sits ; There the dingy Martin flits ; There the tribe from dove-house coop Take their joyous morning swoop ; There the treasured singing pet In his narrow cage iB set , Welcoming the beams that come Upon his gilded prison-home . * * * * Pilgrim say , who was it shoWd A ready path-way to the Alp ? Who was it crossed your lonely road , From the valley to the scalp ?

      Tired and timid friends had failed , Besting in the hnt below ; Bat your bold heart still was hailed By the eagle and the crow J * * * Mariner ! mariner ; thon nuyst go Par as the strongest wind can blow , Bat much thoul t tell when thon eomest back Of the sea running high and the sky growing black ; Of the mast that went with a rending crash , Of the lee-shore seen by the lightning ' s fiaih : f ^ -ni \ never shalt thon forget to speak Of the white Gull ' s cry and the Petrel ' s shriek ; Par out on the ocean , leagues away .

      Madly sMmmetb the boding Sock . The storm-fire burns , but what care they } "TU the Beason of joy and the time for play , When the thunder-peal and the breaker ' s spray Are bursting and boiling around the rock . * * * * TJp In the morning while ih&dew Is splashing in crystals o ' er him , The plunghman hies to the upland rise , But the Lark is there before him . He sings while the team is yoked to the share ; He sings while the mist is going ; He sings when the noon-tide south is fair ; He sings when the west is glowing . If ew his pinions are spread o ' er the peasant ' s head ^ Sow he drops in the farrow behind him . O ! the Xark is a merry and constant mate , Without favour or fear to bind him . Beatifnl birds 1 how the school boy remembers ' The warblers that chorused his holiday tone , The robin that chirp'd In the frosty Decembers , The Blackbird that whistled through flower-crowned Jane . That schoolboy remembers his holiday ramble , When he pnll'd every blossom of palm he could see , When his finger was raised as he stopped in the bramble , With " Hark 1 there ' s the Cuckoo , how close he must ha .-

      Beautiful birds ! we ' re encircled thy names ¦ With the fairest of fruits and the fiercest of flames , We paint War with his Eagle and Peace with fcer Itove , With the red bolt of Death , and the olive ef Lots ; The fountain of friendship is sever complete Tin ye coo o ' er iu waters bo sparkling and sweet ; And where is the hand that would dare to divide Even Wisdom ' s grave self from the Owl by her side ? Beautiful creatures of freedom and light , O ! where is the eye that groweth not bright As it watches yon trimming your ssft , glosty coats , Swelling your bosoms and ruffling you throats ?

      011 would not ask , as the old ditties sing , 2 " o be " happy as sand-boy" or " happy as king ;" Tot the joy is more blissful that bids me declare , *» I'm as happy as all the wild birds in 4 he air . " I will tell them to find me a grave when I die , Where no marble will shnt out the gleriens sky . Xet them give me a tomb where the daisy will bloom , Where the moon will shine down , and the leveret passbyj Sat be sure there ' s a tree stretching out , high and wide , "Where tfee linnet , Thrush , and the Wood-lafk may hide : 5 or the trnest and purest of requiems heard Is the eloquent hymn of the beautiful Bird .

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      TAIT 5 MAGAZINE . TLmt opens this month wiin a -vigorous defence of Lord Brougham . The ex- Chancellor is a man who has done bo small amount of both good and evil in iia time . It is bnt fair to acknowledge , that in Ms d » j , Lord Brongham did more thaw any other man erer connected wiili the Whig parly , toward rousing flie people to a knowledge of their rights , and in many instances devoted his talents to the Berries of the community and of mankind at large . Ai the ss iue time , we have not forgotten his calnmnies directed against the English labourers in ihe dtbatts on the New Poor Law , and the support he ht » to thai execrable measure . Indeed it iB to

      him that the people of this country aft principally indebted for that monrtrons act of robbery , crnelty , and ¦ wrocg , di ^ ni ned with the name of " law . " Hence we are not very enthusiastic admirers of the ex-Chancellor ; still tsb loathe Ibe systematic and hireling abuse heaped upon him by the hacks of i ^ e "Whig press . If anything could reconcile ns to Lord Brougham , it is his renunciation of that basest of all base factions that ever cursed this or any other eonntry with their existence , —the Whigs : and Lord Brougham has certainly "done th&State some service" by his exposure , of late years , of the political delkqnencus of that rascally , hypocritical crew . For this he has tad the dally and weekly abuse of all the bribed preiS-writers in the pay of

      has former col'cagnes . One favourite piece of lying , . much in TDjjne -with these Lacks , of wbieh tto Chronicle and Examiner are the chiefs , is that of aecribicg to the pen of Lord Brougham anything that may appear in print in lis defence . This was the case with a letter in the Standard . The Editor of the Standard denied it ; and Lord Brougham solemnly asserted the falsehood of the accusation . J ? o matter ; the Morning Chronicle of- Friday last eomes out with an article of a column and a half in ifiDgtn , ( surfed with most rancorous abnpe ) devoted to the showing that the defence of Lord Brougham ID Tail ' s Magazine is written by Lord Brougbam ' B Btil . Surely the force of impudence can no further fo ! But these dirty "Whisis judge of every one else y themselves . Lord Paimerston hasit is Eaid ,

      , lately become one of the proprietors of the Chronicle and those proiound articles , laudatory of the PalmerEtonitn policy , which involved as in the wars with China and Afghanistan , desolated the shores of Syria , and added so immensely to the power of Sussia . —are said to be written by him elt . So says public rumour ; and neither Lord Palmerston nor * he Chronicle haTe denied the truth of the ** 80 ft impeachment" ThuB do these masked and prostituted writers charge upon others ihat of which they inow themselves to be guilty . Tail , however , . gives them as good as they send , though certainly in a style very different , because infinitely above , that Of Lord Brougham ' s " dfctractors . " Speaking of them Tait savs : —

      41 Posterity -will pronounce between Lord Brougham and bis vbnlent maligners , thench it is donbtful if posterity -will htsr of tbtir usines in connexion wiih hisi nnltss he * hall , to bis other works , add a H 6 W Dcnciad ;—a Enaviad might be the apter title . The Whig serihts ot ike day ¦ who row traduce him -mil be l&rgolttn e * aie ii-e Tcry oi . t 3 oi a pat dsy—the fcEO

      Untitled Article

      mous Examiners share the oblivion of the ferocious John BvU . But do thoss persons who , at second-hand and on trust , take np this foul railing at Lord Brougham , ever reflect npon what a debt of gratitude Britain and humanity owe to that one man?—or what of tenderness and reverence is due to so eminent a benefactor of his species , even admitting that all with what he is charged were as true as it is either false , or perverted and exaggerated ? Is there at this moment one living statesman who has accomplished so much substantial good for mankind , for the cause of freedom , for the promotion of civilisation , for the widest interests of the whole race , as this same calumniated L % rd Brougham ? It has been his singular fortune to be the benefactor of his species to an extent that it is not easy to calculate , and also to draw forth among his contemporaries more of the baser and more hateful qualities of human nature than any other great statesman . "

      We , of conrse , by no means " go the whole hog " with the writer in the above quotation , so laudatory of his * Lordship . " There is much of truth in the following , with which wo conclude this notice of " Lord Brougham and his Detractors" : — " There are reasons for all things . It was not for nothing that the Whigs enjoyed , if not power , then patronage for ten years . If they did not in that period glut every follower with the fat of place , they yet dispensed many go « d things , and gave all their adherents a keen appetite for a further taste . They did nothing for their eonntry—they said they had no power

      —but they did a great deal to strengthen themselves as a faction . Now , from the highest to the lowestfrom the courtly Sybarite who backed in the smiles of virgin Majesty , to the lowest well-paid or expectant whipper-in and jobber in the remotest Whig garrison of the empire—from the highest to the lowest of the confraternity , there was , and is , and must be , dislike , jealousy , or furious hatred of Lord Brougham . And for this food reason—that be powerfully helped to turn out \ hf > Finality , useless Administration—thanks to him ! —and helps to keep it out , too , until it shall shew what claim , from will and power to serve the country , it has "npon public confidence . *

      w Yonng Scotland 77 is an amusing squib from the pen of Bon Gaultier , M off at the expense of the Illuminati of modern Europe . The milk-sop mysticisms , and lack-a-dasical retrogressions of " Young England ; " and the rabid , blood-and-thunder anti-Saxon bullyingB of " Young Ireland" are bravely hit off , and will afford the reader , as it has ns , a hearty gvffato . The concluding notice of " De Custines Empire of the Czar" we shall give extracts from in our next . An excellent analysis of Mrs . Gore's new novel , " The Banker ' s Wife , " follews ; and to novel readers will be well worth the whole price of the Magazine ,

      ** The Bushrangers" is one of a series of " Anstralian Sketches" giving an exciting account of the dangers which the settler m that part of the world is exposed to from the terrible brigands of the " Bnsh . " There is a god review of ihe recently published biographies of Dr . Edmund Cartwri&ht , ( brother to the celebrated Major Cartwrijfbt ); and Mr . Sydney Taylor . The former , ihe iuvenior of the powerloom , and the latter a highly popular writer , who many years contributed to our periodical literature ,

      and was one of the principal writers in the Morn ~ ing Herald ; the inimitable articles on death punishments , the Poor Lawp , the Slave Trade , &c . being from his pen . ** His writings in the periodicals of the day , for upwards of twpnty years , embrace a vast range and variety of subjects ; though neariy all of them have some direot and high moral aim . What his persevering and powerful advocacy of the abolition of Death Punishments effected is well known ; but he was also the advocate of every social improvement andreform . "

      A number of extracts are given from the articlca in the Herald . We can only find room for the following : —

      "PB . OG&ESS OP BUBAl 1 KCKHDU . B . 1 SM . " The progress of rural incendiarism is alarming . Our ec&xiiBBglMornifjg Herald sj and those of other journals , bear daily testimony to this melancholy fact . To conceal tia truth serves ns other purpose than to prevent our ascertaining the cause of the evil , to which a remedy ought to be applied . What is the cause of the dreadful prevalence of a crime so foreign to the habits of the English people in former times , and which illumines our fields in these days of * R-form and ' intellect , * with the desolating flames of midnight conflagration ? If we cannot say wh * t the cause is . we can certainly

      say what it is ttot It is not the leniency of the law , nor the mild and merciful spirit in which in which it has been carried into effect , that has encouraged the crime of stack-buraiog . The law . -we need not say , is a law denouncing death to the offender—a law which has , for several years past , been inexorably executed in alraoBt every case of conviction ; and , we regret to add , in many instances in which there are strong reasons to believe that the victims of the law were innocent Still ths crime has gone on increasing . Scarcely is the dreadful work of an Assize over , when it bursts out afresh , and seems to defy the power of the law to extinguish it with blood .

      " This state of things should , long since , have awakened the attention ef the Ministers ef the Crown to tli « oondition of 'he rural population . It should have convinsed them that there is something rotten hi the Bodsi nystpBi . «> iuiii ivi / iiicai » isjorrai . ' as they are called , do not touch . * * * ' A wise and just Government would have endeavoured to find employment fcr the people , and adequate wazes , before it punished them for being idle . Suck a Government would never think of making the

      system of workhouse prisons universal , and punishing poverty as a crime . It would make a distinction between -voluntary and nnavoidable pauperism—between sturdy vagrancy and tbe casual dependence which is the -visitation of misfortune . Bnt our Government is neither wise ner just It aggravates , by its bad measures or its neglect , tie misery thatmiBgovernment has bronght upon them , and then relies upon the long-disproved efficacy of exterminating laws to protect society from the consequences of its own errors , indolence , ot vicesV

      An excellent article on ** Railway Reform" te which we may return at a future time , concludes the ' principal of the artielns in prose . The " Literary Register ^ ' contains some very entertaining extracts , and the " Poetry" is as usual worthy of the high literary character of the Magazine . We conclude our extracts wiih

      "IHE EJilGBARIS SOUQ . £ " We stood on a oowded pier , -wttie a multitude assembled to watch the departure of a band of Cornish Emigrants v * bo were about to embark for New Zaaland . These voluntary exiles entered the boats that bore them for ever from their native land with shout ? and smiles of gladness , saying , as they cheerfully departed , * G » ve us joy , we shall return no more . ' An old woman of seventy , tottering on , answered indignantly , 'I am , "

      when an inquiry waB made as to whether she too was going . Eighty from one parish departed together ; they left not a relative behind them . Their vessel rode at anchor at a short distance from tha shore . For a few moments after every boat had reached the ship there was profound silence—then a mournful cry arcse , faintly borne over the still waters . My llitle companion said , * They sing a hymn ;* bnt in my mind I thought it tras the irrepressible bant of grief which susceedfcd the Emigrant ' s reckless Farewell . ]

      Forth from our fathers' homes , We come a daontle * s band . "With every pubje of Borrow BtilPd , To leaTe onr native land , With shouts we gain the crowded shore , And return no more . Our fathers'homes have been A scene of toil and jtrief ; In vain we plough'd our stubborn land To yield onr scnls relief . Gladly we leave its fatal shore , To return no more . England—the time has been ,

      The strongest men would grieve ; Hearts , like the riven oak , would bieik , Thy boasted land to leave : Yet gladly shall we quit thy shore , To return no more . And can our spirits rise , To tempt the stormy seal "We have no crimes to weigh us down ; We have been guilUeES—free . Why sbonld we joy to leave thy shore , To return no more ? Birds in a garden set , Whose fruits are turned to gold ; So we in English Ed ens dwelt , And pined midst stores untold . Should we then menrn to quit the shore Where starve the poor ?

      Our wives harve droop'd from pain , Our little ones have died ; And still the lordlings of tee land Boll'd by us in their pride . 0 cursed be the fl'nty shore That spurned its poor 1 Sorely we ' ve been beset By cares too great to tell : Taxation , with his iron gripe , Hath made our bosoms swell ; And driT ' n m from onr father's door , A homeless poor . In summer ' s golden prime

      We vieWd with honest glee Our orchards teem with promis'd gain , Onr flocks make glad the lea : O then we praised Old England ' s shore , And wept no more . We ros 3 at early dawn , To whet the ready scythe ; But craftiiy the parson came To se : za his of t-elaim'd tithe . We vow * d to leave a priest-rulei Bhore , Aad return eo mere .

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      They wrong God ' s mighty power Who make us bend the knee . And pay to Stale religions , when Our Saviour set us free . Away!—we bend the knee no more On Compulsion ' s shore . Asd shall we leave behind The foes who mock'd our pain ? Shall thousand ages roll away . And we not meet again ? O , yes 1 we gladly quit their ehore , To return no more . And shall we leave behind The friends we ' ve lov'd so well ? O , no I together will we roam , In freer lands to dwell . England—we quit thy chain-bound ahere , And return no more . The infant at the breast .

      The mother fond and true , The grandame with her palsied limbs . The youth with health ' s bright hue All leave behind their native shore , And return no more . Ah , why this starting tear ? Have we not ceased to feel ? In poverty ' s rough school we leam'd Our weaker powers to steeL England hath cast us from her shore ! We will weep no more . ( Vainly the effort made : Nature asserts her sway , And o ' er each rugged feature now The better feelings play ) . England—we love our native shore , Though scorn'd and poer ! However bright our home .

      And free from care and pain , Our hearts are bound to Albion ' s isle By strong Affection ' s chain : Oar echoing voices bless the chore We behold no more 1 " THE ARTIZ A . N NO . X . London : Simpkin , Marshall , AND Co . This month ' s number contains some excellent articles on "Modern Art in Germany . " "The Atmospherio Railway ; " " The health of the working classes in large towns ; ' " The Trades of Birmingham ; " "The Building Arts ; " "On Cuttings , Embankments" &o . ; with a large number of minor pieces , all exhibiting an amount of research , literary talent , and practical knowledge , calculated to ensure the success and lasting stability of this publication , —an honour to the clasa from whom it emanates and for whom it is published .

      From the article "On the health of the Working Classes in large towns , " we give the following extracts : — " Leeds is situated on a slope running down towards the river Aire , which meanders about a mile and a half through the town , and is liable to ovei flows during thaws or after heavy rains . The higher or western districts are clean for so large a town , but the lower parts contiguous to tho river and its becks or rivulets are dirty , confined , and , in themselves , sufficient to shorten life , especially infant life ; add to this the disgusting state of the lewer parts of the town about Kirkgate , Marah-lane , Cross-street , and Richmond-road , principally owing to a general -want of paving and draining , irregularity of building , the abundance of courts and blind alleys , as well as the almost total absence of the commonest means for promoting cleaniinesa , and we have then quite sufficient duta to account for the 8 urplus mortality in these unhappy regions of filth and misery .

      " In consequence of the floodB from tho Aire , the dwelling-houses and cellars are frequently so inundated that the water has to be pumped out by hand-pumps , on to the surface of the streets ; and at such times , even where there are sewers , tne water rises through them into the cellars , creating miasmatic exhalations , stiongly charged with sulphuretted hydrogen , and leaving offensive refnse , exceedingly prejudicial to human health . Indeed during a season of inundation In the spring of 1839 , so fatal were tha tffcets of finch an engorgement or toe sewers , that the registrar of the North district made s report , that during that quarter there were , in that neighbourhood , two births to three deaths , whilst in all the other district * there were three to txvo deaths . Other populous districts are without sewers , or so

      inadequately provided as to derive no advantage therefrom . In some rows of houseB , the cellar dwellings are seldom dry ; in another district , several streets are described as being " in that state in wbicb a frequented road leading to a brick-garth wonld be in wet weather . " The inhabitants have from time to time vainly attempted to repair these streets with ehovelafull of ashiB ; for Sbil , refuse-water , Itc , stani in every hole where a lodgement can be made , there to remain until absorbed by wind or sun—" a perpetual nuisance to the eye , and a perpetual source of fever to the whole body . "— ( "Report of Town Coitneil in Statistical Journal ,, voL 2 , p . 404 ) . The confined state of the dwellings is another cause frauxht with evils of a moral as well as physical nature . An ordinary cottage in Leeds , extends over no more

      than about five yards square , and consists usually of a cellar , a sitting room , and a sleeping chamber . This small size of the houses , indeed , may perhaps be one of the causes of the tendency to consumption , which bears a high proportion here to other disease ? , and prevails to o . taoeh gro&tfcr extent , than- i » -generally imaginedfor there can be no donbt . that the vitiated atmosphere of sleeping rooms so confined , crammed almost to suffocation with , human beings during both day and night , predisposes the system to lung-diseases . We believe , moreover , that this tendency to phthisis is in a very small degree if at all owin ? to the nature of the woollen manufactures . The Irish bnnd-loom weavers are here , as elsewhere , remarkable for that total indifference to comfort and decency , which renders them a bane to every population with which they commingle .

      " Birmingham , the great seat of the toy and trinket trade , and competing with Sheffield in the hardware manufacture , is furnished by its position on a slope falling towards the Rea , with a very good natural drainage , which is much promoted bj the porous nature of the sand and gravel , ef which the adjacent high grounds ate mainly composed . The principal streets , therefore , are well drained by covered sewers ; bnt still in the older parts of the town there are many inferior streets and courts , which are dirty and negketed , filled with stagnant water and heaps of refuse . The courts of Birmingham are very numerous in every direction , exceeding 2 000 , and comprising the residence of a large portion of the working classes . They are for the most part narrow , filthy , ill-ventilated ,

      and badly drained , coutsuniBR from eight to twenty houses each , the bouses being usually three stories high and often merely single , that is , built against some other tenement , and the end of the courts being pretty constantly occupied by ashpits , &o , the filth of which wonM defy description . It is but just , however , to remark that the courts of more modern date are built in a more rational manner , and kept tolerably respectable ; : and the cottages , even in courta , are far less crowded than in Manchester and Liverpool , the result of which is , that the inhabitants , in epidemic seasons , have been much less visited by death than those of Wolvsrhampton , Dudley , and Bilston , at only a few miles distance . Cellar-residences , also , are unknswn in Birmingham , though some few ate , very

      improperly , use * as workshop * . Tfie low lodging ' houses aTe somewhat numerous ( somewhat exceeding 400 ) , cbitfly in courts near tbu centre of the town ; they are almost always loathsomely filthy and close , the TesoTtB of beggaTB , trampers , thieves , and prostitutes , who here , regardless alike of decency or comfort , eat , drink , smoke , and sleep in an atmosphere unendurable by all exct pt the degraded , besotted inmates . In such places as these sm&ll-pos , scarlatina , low continued fever , ir-fiammation of the lungs , bronchitis and pulmonary phthi « 8 , carry off about one in twenty-four yearly : and it is rarely , indeed , that , in the lowest districts , as Slaney-street , Ste ^ l-honse-lane , and similar localities , one sees a person whese age may exceed fifty , —so baneful are the effects of the miaamatio ii fluence exerted on

      the vital energies . Typhusj however , in its true form , is rare in B lmingbtm , causing a mortality of only 4-3 per cent ., while the deaths from eruptive fevers , generally , are 14 per cent , of the whole mortality . The mortality of infants is hiRh—exceeding 82 per cent ; and of those who die every year about one-third are carried off by lunir-cUseasea—cbitfly tubercular consuniptien and irflimmation ( pneumonia ) . On the whole , Birmingham is less unhealthy than might be supposed trdni the kinds of occupation in ¦ which obeut 67 per cent , of its popelation are engaged ; but tner 8 still remain immerons slaiinij evils , the reform of which will UDquestionally lesson the number of the dying , and add to the vigour and happiness of the living population .

      " Before we close these descriptions of the sanitary condiUon of towns , it will be necessary to say a few words on E ^ iinburiih and Glasgow—the leading towns of Scotland—and it will be plainly seen that gaunt misery is as famiiar with our northern artizms as with our poorer brethren in the south . Edinburgh has the reputation of being a beautiful and singlarly wellplaced city ; so much so . indeed , that it has been termed " the modern Athens ;' . ' but this description applies principally to the Js ' ew Town , which has been built lesatban a century , whereas the Old Town , which was built at different times , and oricinally within walls , consists of . minierous closes , or wynds , diverging from the High-street , acd the houses are often so close together , ttat persona may atep from the window of

      one house to that of ths house opposite—so high , piled story after story -with the view oi saving room , that the ligbt can searceJy penetrate to the court beneath , in this part of the town thstre ate neither sewers nor any private conveniences whatever belonging to the dwellings ; and hence the excrementitious and other refuse of at least 50 ^ 000 persons is , during the night , thrown into the gutters , causing ( in spite of the scavengers ' daily labours ) an amount of solid filth aud foetid exhalation disgusting to feotb fe * sht and smell , as well as exceedingly prejudicial to health . Can it be wondered that , in such localities , health , morals , and common decency should be at once neglected ? No ; all who know the private connition of tbe inhabitants will bear testimony to the immenBe amount of their disease , mistry , and demoralisation . Society in these quarters hss tuck to a state indtscribatly vile and wrbtcbed ;

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      and , as Mr . Chambers observes , in a letter to the poorlaw commissioners , " they have gravitated to * point of wretchedness from which no efforts of the pulpit , the press .: or the schoolmaster can raise them ; far they ate too deeply sunk in physical distress , and fur too obtuse in their motal perceptions , to derive advantage from any such means of melioration . " The dwellings of the power classes are generally very filthy * apparently never subjected to any denning process whatever , consisting , In most cases , of a single room , ill-ventilated and yet cold , owing to broken ill-fitting windows , sometimes

      damp and partially nnder-ground , and always ^ scantily famished and altogether comfortless , neapsorstrawoften serving for beds , in which a whole family—male and female , young and old—are huddled together in revolting confusion . The supplies of water are obtained only from the public pumps , and the trouif m PIO 0 tuiD 8 U of course favours the accumulation of ... i ¦ al » roinatio » 8 . The result of such a state of things will be found by referring to Dr . Alison ' s work on the Management of the Poor / It in there Btated that , owing to the crowded and intolerably filthy state of the lodgings , the Lanes and closes of the Old Town

      are scarcely ever free from malignant fever , and that In the city itself the mortality U 837-8 ) amounted to 4 J per cent ( 1 in 22 ) almost equal to that of the plague-depopulated Constantinople . " Glasgow is a city , the appearance of which is in every way inferior to Edinburgh , and the fact of its being the seat of an extensive weaving industry , would lead us , a priori ,, to conceive a probably high amount of destitution and unhealthy crowding of population . The elimate is far from being unhealthy ; the population in 1845 was estimated at 282 000 . of whom about 78 per cent , belong to the toorking classes 50 000 being Irish . Glasgow has its fine , airy , healthy quarters , that may vie with those of London and all wealthy cities ; but it has others also which , In libjact wretchednessexceed

      , the lowest purlieus of St . Giles' or Whitecbapel . the liberties of Dublin , or the wy nda of Edinburgh . Such localities exist most abundantly la the heart of the city —south of the Trongate and west of the Saltaiarket , a ? well as In the Calfcon , off tbe High-street , Sec . —endleaa labyrinths of narrow lanes or wynd 9 , into which almost at every step debouche courta or closes , formed by old , ill-ventilated , towering houses crumbling to decay , destitute of warer , and crowded with inhabitauts , comprising three or four families ( perhaps twenty persona ) on each flat , and sometimes e ; ich flat let out in lodgings that confine—we dare not say accommodate—from fifteen to twenty persons in a siogle room . These districts are occupied by tho poorest , most depraved , and most worthless portion of the population , and they may

      be considered as tbe fruitful source of these pestilential fevers which thence spread their destructive ravages over the whole of Glasgow . Fluctuations of trade and low rates o ! wages no doubt contribute a principal portion of the misery , which la nearly doubled by a reckless addiction to the use of ardent spirits , which are here so cheap ( 4 ^ d the half-pint ) as to be drunk almost as copiously as porter is Bwallowed by tbs EiiglUh , and give rise to an incredible nuatberof whiskey-shops . We incline to think , however , that , if the domestic comforts of the poor were increasod by Banitary regulations , tbe dram-shops would be fur less patronised aud gradually annihilated , and men would not be found

      loitering and besotting themselves la the whiskey-houses to avoid the harrowing , depressing sights of domestic misery . Dr . Cowan's book on the " Vital Statistics of Glasgow" iB in every way worthy of attentive study , and shows a great surplus of typhus , low , continued fever , bowel diseases , and diseases of the lungB . by all of which , but principally the first , the whole p pulatien is carried off at the rate of 1 in 31 ; while the working poor—a Btunted , starveling , puuy , dissipatedlooking race—are killed off at the fearfmly rapid rate of one in twenty-four : life at birth to thoae classes being worth soarcely more than twenty years' purchasa '

      " Enough—and more than enough—of aucb . startling , sickening details . We propose , in a future occasion , to point out the remedies forsach fe&rful evils : Brat , those which each working man can apply for h mself without interference from law or town authorities ; Bfcondly , those which must n \> w out of some general act of the legislature that shall itfftict retrospectively and prosp&ctively every town in the British Empire . " W ^ e regret that we cannot find room for the valuable tables interspersed in ibid article , shewing the fearful amount of mortality in large towns as COinpaijed with the rural districts . These tables fhew "that epidemics are more than thrice as fatal in

      Manchester and Liverpool than in the rural districts ; that disease , ? of the nervous system are more than quintupled , and diseases of the stomach rather more than doubled ; while deaths by lung diseases in towns 8 eem : to be as 2-5 to 1 in the country . A very important consideration , however , to which we would call particular attention , is ibis : ihat the deaths of infants are increased fourfold by epidemics ( smallpox , measles , hooping-cough , and scarlatina ); threefold by water on the bratn , antf almost tenfold by convulsions ! Suicides also are greatly increased in towns , and most of them arc couimitted by persons belonging to the working classes . "

      For the tables themselves we must refer our readers to the Magazi-e ; which we again earnestly recommend as one of the mo-t talented and truly useful periodicals issuing from the Metropolitan Press .

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      PROGRESS OPj SOCIAL REFORM ON THE JCONTINENT . An interesting article , under tho above title , fram tho pen of F . Engeis , appeared in tho New Moral World of Kovember i . h . From it we give the following extracts , the emirs article being too lengthy for our columas . ?

      IINTRODCCTORY . It bos always been in sntnti decree surprising to me , ever since I met with English Socialists , to find that moat of them are very little acquainted with the social movement <; oing on in different parts of the continent . And yet there are more than half a million of Comnranlsts in France , not taking luto account the Four-Ititists , and otbor less radical Social Reformers ; there are Communist assbcLitiu'is in < mry part of Switzerland , sending forth missionaries to Italy , Germany , and even Hungary ; and German philosophy , after a long and troublesome circuit , haa at last settled upon Communism . '

      FBANCJB . France is , since the Revolution , the exclusively politie ? l country of Europe . No improvement , no doctrine can obtain national importance in France , unless embodied in aornn political < -bape . It BwmB to be the part tbe French nation bave to perform in the pressDt stage of the * bis * ory of mankind , to go through all the forma of political ievelopment , and to arrive , from a merely political t . t > Kiuuing . at the point where all nations , all different p&th » , inuat must at Comniunntsm . The de ? el ' . of the public mind in France shows this clearly , and shows at the same time , what the future { history of the English . Cbartisle must be . 1 the BmeuFisrs .

      I think I may be ai . vri upon tho subject of Bsbouvism , as the history of bis conspiracy , by Buonarotti , has been translate ! into the JBnglish language . Tbe Communist plot iiiu not succeed , because the then Oinimunism iteelf was of a v « ry rough and superficial kind ; and because ! on tfer ? othbr hand , the public mind was uot yet far enough ; u ' : Vine < sd .

      SAINT SlMOiMSH . The next FrPBcfi SociK r ^ t-cttmr W 3 S Count de St . Simon . He succeeded in u > tun-t up a sect , and even sornw establiahrubiiia : n < -r . c of when succeeded . The general spirit of the Sa . ui Mim . mian doctrines is very much like that of the- H . in-Common Socialists , in Englsnu" ; although , in the ovtail of the arrangements anil ideas , there ia is gTKV tiiff rtuce . The singularities and eccentricities j of tb » Sjint-Simonians very soon tit came the vietirua ot Fr ^ uch wit anil satire : and ia

      ever ^ thicg once r . ilicul inevitably in Fra ce . Bat . beswiea tlr » , there ¦ svere other causes for the failure of tho ; Sttinf-Simouian establishments ;• all th « floouines of this party wera enveloped » u the clouds of an uinntelhiiihle myat iciain , wbich , perhaps , in the he « inning , attracta the a * : e » ntton of Oia people ; but , at last , must lea » H tnJBir exp . (^ jaious disapfio'uted . ftaiut-Snnonism . aftt-x having xciwd . like a brilliant meteor , tho attei . tkio of tbe tbukiu * r , disappeared from the Social borzm . Nobodj now thinks of it , or speaks ef it . Ita tiuia is passnU

      ; FOUiUEUISH . Nearly at the same Mini' with Saint Simon , another man directed the activity if hi » migbty intellect to the muwal state of mankind—Fourier . Aichauah Fourier ' s writings do not dlBplay tt . o * - bright sp . irks of genius which we find in ; Saint R-iiimii ' s and some of his discip | p *\ althongh bia atylv rj bard , aud shows , to a consineru"le extent , jthe toil with which tht author is ;> i ways labouring to bring ou ! his ideas , and to speak i . nt thmsis for which t . t » woids ai ; e provided in the French lanftuswe—nevert } , ' lusM , we read his works with { -renter pleasure ; Mirt find more real value in tluns , thau in those of % h' -. preceding school . Ic was F ; urier , jwho , lor the first time , established tl' « E . TL-& 1 axiom of soeia- philosophy , that every indiviouil having an inclination or predilection for name particular kind of ! work , ' he sum of all vtwse inclinations of all indiviiiua a i . « st be . upon the whole , an a .:- quatH powur for provi intf for the wants of al ) .

      Fuinir provyg , ; that t ""^ Y <> ne is born with an ineliiwtion for sumejkind of work ; that abso / ute idleness j » nou 8-n » e , a thing wb / f-h never- existed , and cannot txst ; t . 'it tte essence ct tbe human mind U to be ^ c . ive i :-eir . aud to brirv tha body into activity ; and tfcnT , th * ref > tt . - , 'b « ra U r . o necessity for makiug the i >< : - > ple ¦¦ et've by fi > rce , as in the now existing state of .- ¦ ¦ -. cn-ty , fur . < "ny to givo tNtsir natural activity the right ¦ iirectu ' > i > . He ( jo £ 8 on pr-viui ; th 8 identity of labour ii-. il fpj > yment . and sh" >* i the irrationality of the ))« v ;< eLt social system wh cM separates them , making vfti'ur u toil . anitiDlae nu f-r . i'iyir-ent above the reach of

      :. ut Hiijuity «« f tba iabouicr .-s ; he suowa further , how . u / vit-r r < tti » n ;> l aKa-rigtmtjr . s , lsbonr may be made , what ; t is ii . * t-n < iect to bo , an t-i j > yment , leaving every one to follow : \ s own inclinations . •¦ . ' Tijf-r .. is one incoutistt-m y , however , in Fourierism , an i « vt-ry important « u : « too , aod that is , his nouab *» ji * . a ¦¦{ private propgity . in bis Pfialansteres , or !• .: »¦ . clotive estabiishaicnw , thore are rich and poor , ciipu uta and working men . Tne property of all iJieiuNrri is placed into a joint stock . Toe establishment f . rr-if-H mi coiinnfci'ct ) , agricultural and manufacturing ; ii ' . us'iy , iiiid th 8 proowds are divided among the iuetiiD > r »; one turr aa w- . ^ r -e of labour , another as

      rew . ttii i ., i afci :-, and tab u : id & thu-tl as ptofits of c'ipuiii T us , after all thtj bvnutiful theories of as-• • ' : iai :- > n ¦ i . jj < . JaN ) i » . ; , if , ( . r ; i goo < i deal of iadii ? - > .. Kit nrt in .., ' fi usa-n- ' co . inunce , ee . tisbnesa , nrid < j ; i . ptrl ^ . ifdvc n pructvcB , tho ol-t competitive ¦ ¦ . ^ LMiiu , .: ... i : ¦ -, provt [ i ,. an ! a pjo .-. ^ . v bm ; tiia on '"• <¦ if - ;•¦ :, :., ! Certainly , litva Wd csnnot - f ; Al . i \ . r i -iic . i at j ujt btoppvd ii ^ CG .

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      The progress of Fourierism in France was slow , buf regular . There are not a great mauyFourleriste , bafe they count among their uumbeia a considerable portion of the intellect now active in France . Victor Con > siderant is one of tkeir cleverest writera . They havo 9 newspaper , too , . the " Phalange , " published fotinerlf three times a week , now daily . As the Foucierists are now represented in Eng 3 ana also , by Mr . Doherty , I think I have said enough concerning them , and n « w paes to the moat important and most radical parfcy iu France ,

      THE COMMliNTSTS . I said before , that everything claiming naticral Importance , in France , must be of a political nature , or it will not tucceect . Saint-Simon and Fourw ? did not touch politics at aU ; and tbeir scbemeB , tlzsrft . fore , became not the common property of the nation , but only subjects of private discussion . Wo have seen how Babenf * s CoHiumuiaw arose out of tha Democracy ef the first revolution . The Becond revolution , of 1830 , gave lisa t , zzoibet and mote powerful Communism . The grtat -we-k' o ? 1830 , wasbcSomplished by the union of the middle md workinf classer , the liberals and the repubHo . W 3 . After the wc ! c vraa done , the working ckssis wo-.- « dismissed , and the fruits of the revolution w « ro takt-n possession of by tfae

      middle alassss only . Tbe wcrktuif men got up several insurrections for the ali <»! itieTi oi political monopoly , and the establishment or' i republic , but W 6 ra . ai ; vays defeated ; the middle c ! i » sc 3 hiving , not only the avmy on tbeir side , but themselves fonnii , ? the national guard besides . During this time { 3 S 3 i cr 35 ) a new doctrine sprang up among the republican working men , Tiiej saw , that even after having £ icceedsd in their tlemocratio plans , they would cont ; -jue-the dupes of their more gifted and better educate ; . Isadora ; and tbat theit social condition , the cause of their political dieontent , would not be bettered by any poiilioal change whatsoever . They referred to tbe nistory of the sreat v&volution , and eagerly sefzad upon Bifcduf ' s Communism . This'is all thas can , with sateiy , be asserted concerning

      tha origin of modern Coisiiiuni&iit bi France . The cabject was first dketuscd tu ike J-. tk laaea aad ccowa «< t alleys of the Parisian suburb , SjAuv Antoiue , aud soon after in the secret asscmbHos oC conspirators , Those who know more about its origin , ate very careful to keep their knowledge to th&msbivea , in order to avoiS the " strong arm of the law . " However , Communism spread rapidly over Paris , Lyous , Toulouse , and tha other largo and manufacturing towns of the realm * Various secret aflaoci&tious followed each other , among which the " Travailleurs EgaHtairee , " or EquaiUariatt working men , and the Humanttariasa , were tbo mcafc considerable . The Eouulitarians

      set , " like the Babouvists of thi « reat revolution ; thef purposed making the world a working man's community , putting down every refiiuracist of dvilfzation , science , the fine arts , &c , as usele « s , d&ngvrei » , a » d aristocratio luxuries ; a prejudice nticrmirily arising from Llttir total ignorance of history ; iad political economy . The Humanitarians were fennwn particularly for thoie attacks on marriage , faim ' . y , end oilier similar inslitutions . Soth these , as wtdl . » s iwo o : tbreo other parties ' , were very short-lived ; and the greai buik of the French working classes adopted , very soon , the teneta propounded by M . Cabet , " Pt-ro C . i ^ t , " ( Father C , aa h < s is called , and which are kuowu on the continent under the name of Icarian Communism .

      THE FKESCH COMMCMS . i ., liC . PUBLICA . SS . This sketch of the H Utery ot' Cominunism in Ft an CO showB , in some measure , wlut the difforence of F . eiiah an ^ En glish Communism mubt be . The origin of Social Reform in France , is a political one ; it ia ij-nd that democracy cannot give reiil equality , and therefore tbe Community Bclieme is culled to it « aid . Tfc > - bulk of the French Communists are , thrrbfore , Repub'ssca a * besides ; they want a comuiuni . y i-. alo wf society , under a Republican form of government .

      THEIJl MEASURES . Bat there ate ether objections that could be ma ^ e to tbe French Communists . They nittnd overthrowing tbe present government ot their country by force , and have shown this by their ein . tinu&l policy of scoietf associations . This ia the innu . Evan the Icitiar . s , though they declare in their publications , that tboj abhor phybical revolution * and secret societies , even they are associated in this manner , and would «; l 3 < ily seiza upon any opportunity to o 4 iubUsb a republic ' of force .

      THEIR DCCIKIN& 3 . But to return to tho ^ ooial doctrices of tbe Ic ^ naQ Communists . Their " holy book" is the " Voya ^ t ; on Icarie , " ( Travels in Ica ? m of Father Cabet , wro , bythe-by , was formerly Attornf ^ Genernl , and Member of the Chamber of DaputLee . The general arrangement ! for their Communities . ire vary Htcie different to taoss of Mr . Owen . They ba 7 < . eiabu . i ' . uJ in tbeir plans t » ve ? J thing rational they fou . d in Saint Simon and Foutier % and , therefore , are very much superior to the old French Communists . An to marriage , they perfectly agree with the English . K vary thing possible is dons to secure the liberty of the individual . Punishments are to be abolished , and to be iepUctd fev educaUou of the youug , and rational mental treatment of the old .

      THEIE LEADERS . The rise of Communism has beeji hailed by most of the eminent minds in Franco ; Pierre Leroux , tha metaphysician ; Cfeorge Sand , the coarageoua defender of the rights of her sex ; Abbe de la Mennais , author of the " Words of a Believor , " and a great many othess , arei more or less , ineiiaed towards the Camtiidnist doocrlnes . The most important writer , however , in this line is Proudhon , a young man , wbo published two or three years ago his work , What is Property t (" "SEJofiist oo < jde te jproprlete- T"i vrhcro ho gave tha answer : " La propriety e'est 2 e vol , Property is roSbery . This is the moat philosophical work , on the part of the Communists , in tfjb Fr&uch language ; ard , if I wish to sea any French book translated into the EngHah language , it is this . Tbe right of private property , the consequences of this institution , competition , immorality , misery , are here devaloi ' -tl with apower of intellect , and real scientific rssearch , which I uaver found united in a single volume .

      NUMBER OF THE FRENCH . CoMtlVMSIS , 8 tC . I have now only to add , that the French IcatJBB Communists are eatimawa at about half a million in number , women and children not taken into accoasife . A pretty respectable phalanx , isn't it ? They bave a monthly paper , the Popi&u . ira , edited by Father Cabe '; and , besides this , P . Loroax publishes » period'cil , the Independent Review , in which tha teueU of CouimunkJB are philosophically advocated .

      I Pomg. S ========= _ =

      i pomg . s ========= _

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      The NEW AGE and CONCORDIUM GAZETTE . November 1843 A BRIEF ACCOUNT dp the FIRST CONCORDIUM . on HARMONIOUS INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE . Louaon : Cleave , Shoe Uno , Fleetstreet . The former of these publications , —the monthly organ of the Society , ( pric © two-pence , ) contains several good artiolcp . From the latter ( price one penny ) we give the following extracts lllu ^ trauvo of the mode of life pursued by this in vro ^ iuu body of Social Reformers , who seem to naiizo practically ( ao fax as possible ) what god-like bheiley only d / eamed of in his " Queen Mab " : — " Taking then their rules from thia h'theat triune law , they proceed to the practical wo . ki ; g in accordance with It , and in so do ' ng , tlnd it uet-dful to adopt the most simple and industrious habits ef life ; us bbing the beat conditions for the uvoludon uf i : ond in the

      moral , psychical , and physical spheres iioiicn they usually rise early , say fronvfour to half-piigt Hw o ' clock . Bathing and other peraoual oueniti'ns occupy till a quarter-past six , when the bell rlu ^ s for w . u-k of all kinds to commence ; and each in thoir resyctivo < lepartlnent work till a quarter before eigat , \ ehna lft < y prepare , for breakfast . This coinmoi ce » at ciaUt o ' clock , and consists generally of Scotch oatmeal porri ^ ae , rtc « , brown wheaten bread , appl « s . iricuce , and other green food , auch as the garden proiiuca ut the tiuio . In winter , figs , dates , or raisins are provided , iiibtead of tbe variety the summer affords During thts brenkfast , one of the members reads- aloud a portion of aoiut ? interesting work select ad by ' thwuselv ^ u . A *; r- jX v / iriety of subjects are than brought be . 'ore iho <^ > u > iJi r itit > u t > f tbe mstubers , and considerable inf rnution . « octained by them . This practice is als > oV-s .. rved Uuvi )» g both dinner and supper time .

      41 At a quarter beforo nine o ' clock eno . h om ? rvsames his or her particular etn . ptoyu <> > iu TUt oocu ] ations consist cbitfly in priutluf ? . ft-. O' -ntukioq , clothtamakjng , gardening , baking , wtsuiuji , un l . c- Ti ^ v . uving . These works are generally sarriu- mi ii > -vr . -i . ^ n-ups of two or three together . By lii ' i . tml coii - . r-st during their labours , the time is hapr ! y ^ ptui t , un . i hu la-nonsness of long monotonous to . , obviates . 1 'ht-1- \< t < . n of dinner time soon comes roui'i . A \ . ; iu ; i ^ before one ; the bell rings to preparo f . T i' : ... : ; -.- ' / cl . '¦ : all meet in the dining-room , ami j > - » r : M ! ii : ! ' « . simple repast This generally conaista < ¦ r . us , cr > y . h > - pudr dings , potatoes , and other ; veg « ta '/ UH , r \« c-xo ' :-- ^ ' - '•• - t parsnips , peas , btans , wgetaM . 'n- «¦•* , >\ r ¦ ¦' . < .. !)' -jves ,

      apples , pears , &o ., acoordinj ; ' o ;' ::. ¦ ma ^^ n . At twu o ' clock all return to their occurutv- \<* . H ^ vii ^! h-. en refreshed both mentally and phs *' v : *\ ly , they tr ¦ - ¦ wintheir work with ease and pK ^ suri . At haiw > : . » j four , eight hours' Libour has bt ¦<¦ ! rfwnied , an : iKn the bell rings t » relinquish tb ^ ^ hvsica ^ fcxu-rions of the day ; and each member jojfu'iy i . i ) U 3 : ! iuuct , ii j . O ' . oher mode of action . He now goes m-. i-i iuiine . « t . i- ' .. y - uit'i the mental sphere ; and « ach one vx u-iai-a in tii ' . : uvanoh of instruction to which his taBte c-. r . u hivj;—& < jum to a class , some to writing , reaiitc or .-iiu .-o . At six o ' clock all partake of the third hu .-i , < if hra-i , ncr ; , fruits , and vegetables , with clear s ^ mujj v . at-jr , Uic ao . w

      beverage of the So « lety . la ihe K ^ i ^ iw . t , Mpf ^ r : a generally fallowed by a walk <> f r-. oi--.-. t '> u in tK . j garden . At other stasons , nn > t . > ¦ i ' w ai > ' >• :- ¦ .- « .- . ; in some way previeusly arrwj'a ; -- e ¦ n ^ ' ¦ ¦; , < i . iy . dancing and music ; Tuesday c ' - -- » » , Vv ' -:-: r ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦*? , family meeting , for the arranginc ; . ' -Al the l-w > iu < >¦ - " the-Society , readine of correspoi .. '^ -:. -- r-.-ct-ivu-i ? i ¦ ' ¦ " - bers , appointing officers or leadi- * < -I > U-v . tni'iri / , ^ .. »' . all other duties of tbe members ir ., ^ > »^ -ul to- -: fp-v .-i the Society ; Fri-lny . convt-ib ; . ; i ; . Su -., • • y is chitfly occupied in receiving vis : ; - ¦> , and - ji ^ ' . ¦>' ¦ ¦ ¦ •'' lectures given on the premises .

      "The time for retiring to rent m » . us »; no io . n o ' clock . All slefp upon matt * o ¦»< . 't * fo ^ i . ^ r >¦>• . ; being in tbe house , as it is coi . fivi--v .-it that i / it j j feathers in both ei'etv .- \ tiae and uti ! - ' t : y . They rise early , that ! their lal « - ¦ ¦' ¦• • ¦¦¦ > l . i p-- ' ^ -.: ^ l by th « natural light of the sud , n , : . ' ¦¦ ¦ ;; ¦ ¦!¦ . <¦ ^ > ¦ li « ht of the caudle . Thiaisbet '> i . - :. > . ¦ > : ' : ¦¦ ' ¦' general health . The I'light qu-.. - r ' ¦¦¦¦ . ;• ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ •¦ ' >'• tori-upted only by 12 i « i . w . ; et soai" . " i ' >' " .: ¦ > ' . i ^ .- -i »¦ conducive to tlioughl and good p . . ; .. ; ' , For further iuforn : Htiun wo ui < * . ^ Jiiuit ' i . ¦ - t-ir readers to the works t-hemselvr ,

      THE PROMETHEAN ; a Q -v - ' ¦ - ¦ ' - OP SOCIETARIAN IPctENC ; - / . « . - ¦ ' -, r ¦• - : CLESlASTICS , PoLlTTCS , A > D tli ; l' "• ( New Tracts fok the Time > , > ^ 1 . -, ¦ ¦¦^¦¦¦ '^ 5 , &o . &c . Loudon : B . L » . ' - ¦ .. ^ - ; -. i' ^ - street , Lincoln ' s Ian Fiek . Thcseare publicationscond ik ' 1 , Vv <> riMv -,- : * . Barmby , a gentleman well-ki ! l - " ' ' ' ' " ¦ " - ¦ Reforming portion *» f the in-. » - » • • -J- ' )'• . * ¦ "* c - - who has long and assiduously a - ' - ¦ - > l { i- - ' ' the cause ofhumai ) progrfiR .-i ^ . ' . _ . Mr . B ., like Th . rna ^ Ca-lj ' : ' ' >* " The Shepherd , " ha- , a &y . 5 i . 'U- ' ' ¦ ;¦' own ; " coining new \* t > rd . s suv ' ' ¦ •' - ' '' ' ¦ purpose , whon-fcvtr-ti « 1 < ' l ' ' ., . ^ to him to be not mnlcitu-Uy t - ^\ ¦ - ' - >¦

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      his ideas . The "Prornethean , " while containing much of that which is not understandable by us , and therefore that whioh may not by us be condemned , it seeing that the obscurity may not be wholly on the side of the writer , contains at the same time much that iB ^ plear , philosophical , and just . Independent of the editorial contributioua , there are pleasing and profitablearticles from the pens of other apostles of Communism . The ] " Tale of the Lover Suicides , " under the signature : of Salvador St . Just , in No . 4 , is worth all the cost of the entire number .

      The r arts are smaller , but similar , publications to the" Promethean ? like it devoted to the promulgation of the peculiar riewa oi Mr . Barmby . To all who would study the question of mankind ' s destiny , and the problem of Social Reform , the Promethean" aad the New Tracts will commend themselves . :

      AD ^? T S ? i ° ? THE IKIS H UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE ! ASSOCIATION TO THE ROMAN CATHOLIC ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS OF IRfiLAxND . Dublin : Dyott , 26 , North Kiug-Etreet . This is a sixpenny pamphlet published by the above Association ia reply to the atrocious slanders of that arch calumniator , Daniel O'ConneJl . It oertainly does contain some " startling" allegations , some of whioh have rather astonished us , though we were previously pretty woll acquainted with the pranks and real character of the "Liberator . " Instead of the uiotto— " Civii and Religious Liberty , " that of } " Daniel O'ConneU is a knave in politics , and a hypocrite in religion , "

      would have suited , much better : for he ia clearly proved to be boih in the pamphlet before us . One thing is very significant throughout these pages , namely , tho wtoaudiag . aud withering power of priestcratt iu Ireland ; proven by the anxiety manifested by the authors to stand clear of the charges of " Socialibui" and ' * infidelit ? " preferred against them by Mokanna . It , proves that in Ireland a man dare not be an " . ufidel" or a " Socialist , " unless iu Becret ll Now , we proclaim fearlessly , with a full knowlejdKf that we have readers amongst all the religious sects , iuuluduig an immense number of Catholics , that , in accaruanca with his convictions , a man has a right to bo any religion , or of no

      religion , just as his convictions warrant him iu beheviug or diaboiievins- It Daniel O'ConneU and Co . will nut aubdoribe to tnia priuciplo ; if while they howl against" Protesiaat persvscution , " they persecute , so far as they idare , those whom they call "infidels ; " then arafthuy hypocrites , and prove that they only lack tho pow-. T £ . » by tyrants m the place of those a < fainsc whode ty ranny they wage war . The spirit of the Inquisition j evidfcnJy Jurks in the heart of Dan ; a spiriti which , despite Puseyite baokslidings , will , if need be , be bur K ; d with to the death on this Bide of So . George ' s Ciuuuel . As to the " Sooialisls , "

      there may be honest differences as to their modus operandi ; but we tell our Irish friends , aye , and some of our nob very-deepiy thinking Euglish friends too , that the great problem of social happiness oan only bo solved 6 om « thuig afitr tho "» ooialiai . " fashion . Until mastership ia auiiihiiateu ; until slavery is utterly abohshed . whether of i na cart- whipped African , or the wa « e-paid toilgruiiud and bolly -pinched white man ; there will be no real libsrty—no real happin sson tho earth : and mer « political reforms are useless unless they accelerate ana a » d euoh changes . " Political equality tho means ; social happiness the end . ''

      is our motto . : This pamphlet is an excellent exposure of the greatest polnioal impostor that ever existed , and ought to be extensivelj enffus ^ d amongst his deeplyto-be-pitied dupes . ; The revelatious on the Rint ^' and the uses to which it is applied , will astonish not a few . Every Chartist locality should at least have one copy , which Mr Cleave aud other publishers will , no doubt , be ready to supply . Triumphantly do the Irish Chariist 3 repel the accusations of their denunciator ; and lit . in richt and proper that their defence should be heard . We only regret thai , with the materials they hao to work with , they did not enter at more length m'o the question , and give to the public a fuil and complete portraiture of the real features of ihe " Veiled frophet . "

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      Publications Received —The Illustrated History of Alcohol , and soyerai Pamphlets . We shall notice Oastler ' s Fleet Papers uno HoieiCs History of Priesteraft in our next . ;'

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      j j j I i n ^^^ W i ir a ' ~ j ^* S . & The Houkslow PouorR-M ; us . — One of tha mixing millB at the gunpowder wor ** on Hounslowheath exploded on Saturday moramg , at eight o ' clock , by which the boarding a&d roof wurs ripped oft' t < : 8 building , but no further damage done , and we ara happy to add no one was injured . A Strange Lodging . —On Friday morning workmen were engaged to lake up the pipes which Supp ly the Temple with water in case of lire , as it bad ouen found that the water would not pass in consoquence ot a stoppage which could uos be accountwd lor . On opening the pipe an eel was discovered , weighing six or seren pounds , and measuring a yard and a half in length . Osvin ^ to the peculiar coa-3 truction of the pipe the eel cuuld no « havu beta mere than an inch in cirs ;; iffiiei'ei / iea when it obtained admission .

      WrLL <> f Alderman Wood . —The will and coiicil oi Alderman Sir Maitbuw Wood , late JVJ . P . f \> S the city of London , have j »* i been proved in Doctors' Commons , by JB . Wouc ; . Esq .-uLo brother ) , a " -d W . P . Wood , Esq . ( tho sun ) , Uie ^ x ^ cHtora . Tie deceased gives to his wife , iiimo M- 'iria Wood , his furniture , plate * picture * , ciiiaa , cu-nagea , win- ? , spirits , and £ 500 per an an si for life . Ho directs £ 20 , 000 to be invested in the Funds , and t ^ a interest to be paid to the R-. v J . P . ' . Vuod . He giTca his law books , " Statutes a * La-rge , ' aud Re . porca

      of both Houses of Parliament ,, " to Wi'u ' . amP . Wood , of Lincoln's Inn . To hi * sis ^ r , £ 100 a year fur life ; to each of his eju-eators , * I » u t ) ; _ to all Li 3 grand-children living vmh him at tuts time of bia death , £ 500 eaoh ; to his huacccaaid nineteen guinea , and all other servants £ ^ ear . h . By the codicil ha revokes the legacies to h- » fir&udshitdrm , Tiiejroperty is sworn under £ 70 , 0- ' 0 . The diceased , by 4 late decision of the Privy Couaoil , becime entitled to a large portion of th * pr ^ crty oi ; he ^ w | ear : 'Io *• Jemmy Wood , " of G . oaceatvi-, bt-qiicaihefi . bj ; Mia to Alderman Wood .

      Herring Trade . —Our Ltrring market remains in siatuquo—nothing do »? : f , , a the way of Bides . Last price offered was i . '/« « ., which would noc ba accepted . The qaansitv t ^ bhip i « » bout 5 , 0 ^ 0 barrels . We find , on iu- ^ viiy , iha . i 53 . 919 barrela havethis year been Bent ' i-o irnauu , uud 31 , 325 to the Bailie ; making the total exports from Wick 85 , 744 barrels , uptothm care . By a letter £ ro ? a Loudouderry of the 21 st inst ,, u eorreapondent pajS i " Sales for herrings here cosii ^ f ve : ^ duil ; pric : 3 in retail IT * , to 183 . per birM . D u > im naatkei r > mains at 17 s . 6 d . to 18 s . " - John vilroat Journal .

      Death by Fibe . —On Sunduy ' mtming , a fine bf * r , named Wiliiam Trupelow , : iaed -ihrae years , wh .-s 9 parents reside in Trinuysroet , Ilotherbkhe , was brought to Gny ' s Hospii-Tvl . haTiag . oec . i burnt iu a most frightful manner by hi ? eiocbt-ti catching fi '' -J . As utsuat ia such easse . \ v lrid been lefi in a ror-ux by himself during the t-urpovary absence of b . 3 mother , aud in hia end « pvaar « to light a piece of paprr at the fire he st > t annhi his pinafore . So-rz * neighbours , heaving his sciv ^ sns , rau into the hoti .: a and found himinablcz" . He was conveyed to the above hospital , where he aicu iii a shot-0 ticse atcst his admission .

      Four Men Drowned— 1 ? lvy , Ocr . 24 , 1843- ^ t is with much regret thy ? ! inform yoa tnat , oa Friday nighS last , four v » n"X men bdonsung to Bowmore were drowned in Locivudaul . They wera out at the fishiog all day , and 1 .. wards evening iue wind , beiug sooth-west , « ipw _ v ? ry h « n ; and it seems that iho boat , whcii ocrama b-. aie , was up .-t . The unfortunate suffira w . re-Jot . n , jounces bob to John M'Giivray , Bun . v ' .-msn ; Charh-s and Jo . J , eons to Hugh M't fim-ay , ™< i c- « ; ns -. 0 .-he . oroer ; aud Doncan , son of Duncan Auoerton ooot and shoemaker . Tlw remains v < J ! , »• . M'Gilvray aad l , i ^ cousin Chad s ff r « f «¦ -1—il : / -y were to . h tied i 0 the boat , tu- the oth-. r wv are not- lound yet .

      ^Litevautve

      ^ LitevaUtve

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      ^_ ___ ^^^^^ THE NORTHERN STAR . ) 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 11, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1238/page/3/