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Northern Star (1837-1852), 16th September 1843, Edition 1 of 5, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      BIRMINGHAM CONFERENCE , i ( Cmtlnved from our S ' xth Page . ) sood fe e&Jg . intelligence , and morality . Meetings ^» JLhbess ikall be constituted of th » se who hold oards of membership for &e current quvler . No ' je eke ^ 5 jl Tje allswed to take part in them , or vute either for the election of delegate to Convention . District Canal , or Branch Board j or on any matter affecting $ 3 * Association , &D . Sotieet—TXo bnsiness , except of the most urgent jjaime , to be determined by the meeting , shall bs consaerecl at a general meeting , -withont at least " seTen gars' notice ; and at ^ aarterly meetings no business ^ 51 be transacted implying expense xa other respongjjgliiy to absent members , nnlsss at least ten days ' jiofica theeof has been given . Snch notices shall be mads to the Secretary in uniting , and hung np in the Tneetinr room of the branch . ^_

      Adjourned Meeting . —Meetings held according to » 3 Janrnmeat shall be devoted « xclnsively to the business lor -which the meeting was sojonrnea . SECTION IL—ELECTIONS . € 2 . Fates . —At elections of officers , and delegates to Coaveation , the Totes shall T > e taken by a show of lands , unless a ballot be demanded ; and when a Vallot ji demanded , the rotes' shall bs taken by the oae at ToSag papers , where more than one person is to be elected ; or hj the use of balls -where that is more con Tenient 63 . Semlixsers . —T » o members shall be appointed as scrutineers , to . receive the Totes and report the result . Bi . Time . —An hour shall be fixed , after which no Tote shall be received ; and every election shall be finished by the meeting then assembled , and withont ad-2 PPT ^ TP j * P t * -

      SECZIOJl in . — QrOB ¥ MS . 65 . Quorsm of Hoards . —Three of the members shall be a qaomsi cf each Board ; but such quorum shall be unanimous in all its resolutions , unless there be present a majority of the members ef the Board . SECTIOS IT . —C 0 KUISP 05 DESCK . 66 . By Secretaries . —All cffisia ! correspondence shall be conducted through and by the agency of the several secretaries ; and no letter or document shall be considered genuine "unless expressed as signed by order and on behalf of the body by "whom it is authorized .

      CHAPTER YI . —DISSEMINATION OF THE PRINCIPLES . 67 . Missionaries and Lecturers—The public promulgation of the principles and otjscis of the society Bh&U be more particularly confided to salaried missionaries md district lecturers . Hue amount of salary for the missionaries shall be determined by the General Execn five Committee , who shall also appoint them whenever necessary ; and the salary of district lecturers shall be determined on by each district .

      65- Examination * . —no individual shall be appointed to the office of district lecturer unless he is a member of the society , and until he has been examined as to his qualification by the District Council . He shall produce testimonials of good character . He shall answer general questions ; and he shall satisfy the examiners that he possesses the requisite oratorical powers for lecturing aod debating ; and the District Council shall certify as tehis fitness to the General Executive Committee , who shall then make the appointment .

      69 . Certificate . —Each district lecturer and missionary ahall , upon Mb appointment , receive a oertiscate of joeh appointment frosi the General Executive Committee ; and upon any such lecturer or missionary resigning his situation , or being dismissed therefrom , he shall deliver back such certificate -. such appoiotment ,-withdzawal , or a « tni «« tl to be published in the organ of the society , signed by the officers who usually sign cSdsl documents . ~ So one but those bearing such certificate , or appointed . by the District Council as a local lecturer , shall be allowed to lecture in any branch , or be reeognixad as lecturers of the society .

      78 . Dismissal . —Any district lecturer or missionary ihiU be deprived of Mb office for neglect of dnty , or each discharge of it as would injure tfee cause which he Was appointed to promote ; or on account of mental or moral incapacity . Such dismissal to be by the General Executive Committee on application from a District Council « Branch Board , and satisfaction given that the ease calls for such an exercise of power : the disndssad lecturer having the power of appeal to the Convention , to ths Arbitrators , or to both , if dissatisfied With the step . 71 . Local Lecturers . —The District Council may appoint , after examination , parties to the station of local teturera , who , along with the district lecturer , shall be tender the eontroul of the District Council .

      72 . Trad * . —A general Tract Depositary shall be established ; and the Executive Committee shall make arrangements with some printer and publisher for that purpose , and contract with him for the printing of tacts in a uniform manner ; such tracts to be supplied to the various branches at a per centage above cost price ; and also to agents , to be appointed in each town lor the sale of sach tracts . 73 . Ps&icsifess . —The Executive Committee ehsU SecMle as to what publication or extracts from w « ts wiD be bat r * Tw Tyfr » rt to promote the objects and principle ! of the society .

      CHAPTER VIL—FUNDS . 5 XCXXO 2 I I . —GESBSAX EXPE 5 CES . 74 . General Ftaxi . —A fund for defraying the genera expenees of the Society , such as salaries of General Secretary , end other general officers , salaries of lecturers , ox missionaries , rests of Hall * , or places of public meetings , * c , ice , shall be raised as follows ;—First—By each member paying two-pence for his card of Membership when he first enrols his name on the Society ' s books .

      Second—By each member contributing weekly to such fond the sum of one penny , either direct to the branch secretary , or through the cl&sa-lead&r , or weekly visitor , as may be determined on by the branch itself ; or by paying one abtittsg at the time of taVrwg oat his card , and l % SpftS renewing it , every qnsztez . SsjB *^ : Third—By donation ! and contributions from friends : and by collections at the general meeting for lectures , discuzsioBS , conveisatioiu , or entertainment * .

      " 3 . Appropria&m of General Fund . —The sums of naney received by each Branch Secretary for cards of tttmbjrship shall be monthly remitted to the < Jeneral Ireasurer for the use of the General Executive Com-BiUee . TChB General Executive Committee shall also ie entitled to , and receive , one-fourth of the member ' s Weekly subscriptions , Which shall be rcmiUed monthly to the General Treasurer , by the Branch Treasurer-2 he other fires-fourths of the penny weekly sabscrip-& > u , along with the donations , contributions and colleetions , shall be lodged with the Branch Treasurer , to ie used by the Branca Boards for local expenees . and Jar the satiifying of the levies of the District Gocncil lot missionary and lecturing purposes ; which levies til ] always be at the rate of a certain sum per member throughout the district ; and when -aid , stall be paid ty the Branch Treasurer , to the District Treasurer , or to his order . JtCTIOX TL . —SPECIAL FCSD FO 3 . THE EMPLOTMEfl

      Or THE 2 IEHBEBS OS THE liXII . 76 . land Fund . —A . fund for the purchase or rental *? land , and foi th « erection of suitable building , * bere necessary , and practicable shall be raised by sub'sipUon , from such members as may he able and ¦* 2 ling to contribute to such fund in shares of £ l feeh . payable by weekly instalment of Id ., 2 i , -11 ., fi . _ Si , lOi , Is . each . ?? -Each contributor neglecting to pay his weeily « Etrisulioza to that fund , shall be fined for snch negact at the following rate : if his subscriptions are Id . Ja-week . — For one month , one halfpenny ; „ two stosths , one penny ; „ three months , fourpence ; „ iourjBoEths , eightpence ; „ five months , one shilling ;

      „ six months , one and nxpenee ; asd „ etch subsequent month , one shilling : sd if his subscriptions amount to Sd . per week , he shall k fined double the amonat , acd so on , in prcporticD ioibe raf « t of contributions . And any contributor con . ^ aaJug such neglect until the fine * incurred tberety are B Pnl to the amount of all the monies actually paid by « m to the land fund , such contributor shall thereupon k flknosted , and such monies shall be applied ia div-^ S'ge of the fines so incurred . But the directors or ** cUmaEageT 8 may remit any of the said fines , spon fcUifactory evidence being given them of sickness , or I ° 2 »» rafiieient occasion fcr such Beglect . ? & Appmpriaiion of Fines—All sums arising from I as p&ynsent of fines nnder the above rult Ehall form part « the laud fand .

      * J > . Vheek Card . —Brery member shall be provided f ^ check card , oa which sll contributions fcotheJand : « ad shall be eniersd ^ t thp time of his paying the same , ' . *^ ti ! is card Bhall be a scSrlent voucher / or all suais bo j ^ 3 , until they reach the sum of one pound , when a eer- ' . vacate , or sa-ij > , shaU be given him , agreeable to the Allowing fonn : — ** n 0 SXL CHJLATEE . JL £ S 0 CIaII 03 POS 1 TUTCAL ' ¦ ¦ BESXFIT . i vEaoEta ssd = T Btahtles 10 Geo . IT . c S ^ and i and 51 "Wlioam IT ., c . 40 . ) - CeriiicsU cf Zend Txsd Cosiribaiioes . \ -or ^ valee £ j ,. Jh . *** ^ dfinGgnfej offteenrcf the above soriety , iereby rterUfj Qai memberof ttie ;

      ? , ffo has paid to the I j ^^ the iBsi of jVHBid , which has been i i ^ y ^ epstered a «» ledger ef the Joee ty kept at thia ¦ & >! " ^ lJlEMiistiaasf « abl 5 toiava » b «« , » ndentiQeB ; ^/ "P ^ to jaraeipate ' ia all 8 » b « aeCt » andprivi . r ta ^ f ^ F ^ ytb * 1 ** ** fes ioa *^ oh members ; Faying io ths Jaad famd . WitaaBwnlHHHUtjji , day ef If *

      Untitled Article

      '< . Deposits . —T&a treasurer of each tnnch shall T . « gularly transmit to the general Treasurer the amount of land fond received by him , -whenever it amounts to £ 2 ; such transmiBaion to be by means of General Post Office Order , and the extend ) of it charged by the Branch Trsasurer to the Land Fund , and aet forth by him in his quarterly return . At the end of each quarter , the Branch Treasurer shall transmit with tie quarterly return , hereafter to be provided for , any balance of land fund that may h 3 in bis handa . j 81 . Investments oy Trustees . —Tae trustees may pnt to interest any part of tie stxa ^ ty ' s 3 ? unds on such security—pursuant to 10 G o . IV . c 56 s . 13—as shall be approved of by a majority of the Convention ; or they may invest the funds of the society , ia terms of ! the statute , until they are r ^ quired to carry into prac-: tical operation the objects for which the Bociety is ; formed .

      82 . Disposal of Shares . —Whenever any member , or the widow or other representative of any member , or any person who has been a member , wishes lo dispose of any share , sum , right , or interest in the society , any such party may agree with seme member willing to purchase th&same , for such value as it may bs worth at the time ; and upon their executing a Memorandum of Transfer conformable to schedule , such other may be elected by the branch to ¦ which he belongs , to hold the share , sum , right , or interest , bo disposed of , and all the advantages attendant thereon ; which right and interest may be beld separately or combinedly with any prior right or interest , as the member may think fit .

      83 . Transmission of " Memorandum of Tranfer " . — TJpoa any share being disposed of , the Memorandum of Transfer " , along with the certificate transferred , Bhall be immediately transmitted by post , addressed to the General Secretary , at the office of the General Executive Committee , together with one shilling to be paid by the purchaser of the share , to cover the expenses of printed forms , postages , &c 81 . Entry of Transjer . —The Gsneral Secretary , upon receiTiog from the Branch Secretary the ¦ Memorandum

      of Transfer , " properly filled up , shall forthwith make ths necessary transfer in the Land Fund Lodger kept by the General Executive Committee , and shall mark on the tick of the certificate the name and number of the member to whom it is transferred , preceeded by the wot d ^ "transferred to , " and forward the document to him . He shall also sign a certificate of such entry , conformable to Schedule on the Memorandum of Transfer , " and safely keep the same with the other papers and documents of the General Executive Committee .

      85- Death «/ Members . —If any member die without having made or left a wi . l , and entitled to any etna not exceeding £ 20 the trustees or treasurer of the societyif satisfied of the fact , and that no letters of administration or confirmation will be taken ont of the funds , goods , and chattels , of such deceased member—may pay Buch sum at any time after the decease of snch meaiber , according to the laws of the society . Bnt if three be no rule made in that behalf , then &e trustees or treasurer may pay the same to the person entitled to the effects of the deceased intestate , without administration in Eagland or Ireland or confirmation in Scotland . ( 10 Qeo . IV . c 5 « , a . 2 *) .

      86 bctlof Kin , —If any member die intestate , and entitled to any effects according to the laws of the society , the person appearing to be the next of kin or representative of such member , and « stitlea to such effect * , may receive from the trustee * of the society any sum that may be dee to them according to the laws of the society , ae Q * o . IT . c . 56 , & 23 . ) £ 7 . Validity of Payments . —Such payment shall be valid with respect to any demand of any other perron as next cf Km of « uch deceased intestate member , or as the lawfnl representative of such member , against the funds of the society or against the trustees thereof , lib ) 88 . Recourse . —But such next of kin or representatives shall have remedy for such money bo paid , against the person who shall have received the same , lib . ) SECTION III . —CSLIMITED CONTRIBUTIONS , JtKD POWEB TO BURB 0 W , AT ISTEHXST .

      • = 89 . General Contributions . —The ¦ contributions of members in money , implements , cattle , or such other valaables , ss the Executive of the Land Fund may deem it advisable to receive , may be unlimited , satjeet to the followini ? regulations ;—ll . ) Initrtd . —Upon all such -contributions of the value of £ 50 and upwards , members shall be paid half-yearly , on or before the 14 th day of January and July , three per cent interest upon the amount eubscribed . \ 1 . ) RepaysHxi . —Should » diaBoYution ol the society or of any of its establishments be determined on , all monies and the fixed amount of other valuable contributed as above to such establishment , and exceeding £ 50 , shall be first repaid ; and the remaining balance , if any , shall be divided among the members , is the ratio of the sums origiEaUy contributed by each .

      90 . Potoer is borrow . —The dirsctora may from time to time borrow , by way of mortgage or otherwise , any earn of money which may be required for the purposes of the society . But asy resolatisa to that effect shall be agreed to unanimously by the directors , at a meeting held aft * rfourteen dayi * special eotice , in writing . SI . Seatrity—Every sum of money to be so borrowed , advanced , lent , or paid , shall be taken in the name of the trustees of the society for ths time being , and shall be charged upon the stocks , funds , lands , implement * , buildicgt , effects , asd premises of the society , of whatever description , acd wheresover situate ; and the same ehsll remain as a security for the full payment and satisfaction of the whole of such money , principal and interest , and also of the costs , sharges and frxpences incurred or occasioned in respect of any mortgage , charges , or incumbrance , or in any wise relating thereto . SECTION IV . —VESTI 5 C OF ZrrECTS .

      52 . In Trustees—All real and heritable property , land , monies , goods , chattels , and tfLcta whatever , and all titles , securities fox Euch money , or other obligatory instruments end evidences , or muniments , and all rights or claims belonging to or had by this society relating to the land fund or to lands , shall be vested in the trustees of the society for the time being , fur the use and benefit of the society , and the respective members thereof , their respective extcutors or administrators , Bccoiiimg to their respective claims and interest under these la--sT 3 . ( 10 Gsorge IT . c . 56 , s . 21 ) . 53 In Treasurer . —All monies , goods , chattels , and effects , excepting the land monies property and effects as above , or resulting from the immediate operations of the" General Executive' Committee on behalf of the Society , shall be similarly vesied in the Treasurer of the SocJrty . ( Ib ) .

      Si . Death . 4 ~ c —After the death or removal of any such Trustee or Treasurer , the respective monies , property , and effect * above Bet forth , shall vest in the succeedisg TiQBtte or Treasurer , respectively , for the same estate tnd interest as the former Trustee or Treaswer had therein , respectively , ard iEi-j-ct to the same trusts , wilhout anyasdgDaicEt or conveyance whatever , except the transfer of stoats and securities ia the public fund ? c-f G : tat Britain 2 J 3 d Ireland , lib ) . So- B ^ piests —Any btqassfc intended for this Society for geiirrsJ or specal purposes , msy be made conformable to the form loliowinc : —

      Fern of Bequest . I B £ QCEiTH unto the trnstees for the time being , of the ¦ . NauoBsl Caaner Association lor Mufnal Benefit , " eitrolJtd iiDcer the statutes relative to friendly societies , the £ uni cf pounds sterling , to be paid with all cuuTecitnt Epeed after my decease , exclusively ont of sueb r-3 it of my personal _ Er . ate , not hereby specifically < dif . y ; OE ?» i of , sb 1 mi 7 by la-K biqneath to ta > evolent parp : > stt ; tnd 1 h'srf&y lawfully charge £ ucb part r . f mj estate "vriih the E 2 me upon trust , to be applied tow = r £ s rtie ^ eniral pu rposes of the said society , and ike rxc ^ l }/' . of such trustees or trustee for the tuns btLuc u * *« bi > Eiid socittr ,- bhall be a sufficient discharge fci tbo Kii'i lega . c ; -, and I £ iieet that the legacy dnty upua lie -= ^ . iii Icf acy , bo paid by my executors out of the > an : e fuaii . £ - | - ^ VitnesBes . A B . signature .

      CHAPTER Vill . —OPERATIONS ON LAND . 96 . Jj . $ >! ica ! ion of Tunis- —The ccntr-bations to the Itmd Faal tnaii be held for , Bnd applied to . no otbsr uses or u jrpc *?« than the purchase or rental of land , the erection cf buildings , and purchase of stock and implem « 3 ts . acd other things necessary to the carrying out of the naetsssry optr&tiona , ¦ with vhe txpeaces incident upon the obtaining or rental of land , and one half of the Gentral Seeretsry ' s whole salary , as payment for the trouble of keeping the several sccouaia of the Land Fund .

      97 . Division and Appropriation of Land . —Whenever the . Gar . eral Executive Coamiittte EfaaD have pnrchasfcd or retted land , and divided the same into portions of say fuur acres each , and erttted the necessary " d-wtiiiEgs , aid purchased the requisite s *<> ck , w-. th iaplecents and sll other necessaries for the duo occupation of the same , they shall apprias the general memctrs of tie Lsud Fund , and sptafy the number of f £ Mi . iis they have the means of providing for , so ttat a due number of the members may be selected hem the geseral body for occupation , in manner as follows : —

      SS . 2 iominaiiojt and Seitdios ef &ceupiers . —AJX individuals fciecled by this society to be resident * in aDy of it * establiah ^ erjlR , under thtJ conditions hereafter set forth ,, shall be selerted hj a majority of tae members of the branth to which they beloag : end it shall be f 61 ub-\ fixj on their parts . Such selection of pewoas to be so resides * snail be made at a general SBbetiug « f tite subscriber * to the Land Jind , specially » lkd for tfce purpose . The selection shall be by let ; aad tfee persons so selected shall occupy the land . 99 . Terms cf Oce ^ tHoa . —Wheceveis member is so

      selected , he * iail repair to the estate , and eater upon th « alloUHent faHes te his sh « 8 by Jot . He pbail € xeeuta the neee-sary Instrument *» entitle him toi occupation , Kibjett to jreeb conditons as will auae a fair return for the eujfusl laid « f by th « Bodt ^ ; taeb Instntmeat beisg a t * aa far « mt ef tfe « Id » d end BtfJuings , or iand or BkoaiB ' as , wfaes tfee faad has been bo » ghtbj «» soeioiar ; with due pKn ( taU > B lor the repC TKCDtj ai slated psiosl ^ of the « spite » 8 flsaD « ed for $ y ^ muchae of stoofc , jispleme ^ s , and all otker things badJ « , tie l 4 nd asd buildings , wilh lawful iateiest fer ths usa P * & * Ri 4 es ^ itei ^ bi $ » in |? B 86 essi « i of the fcwat

      Untitled Article

      100 . Sale ofZandsso Occupied . ^ -Whenever tho Directors and Trustees shall have purchased such plot oi plots of land , and divided it into such alletments , and erected such buildings , and fnrnuhe 4 each aliotm&nt with the requisite amount of stock and Implements , and leased the Eame to tha members so selected to occupy , on leases for ever , with tho provision for the repayment of the capital advanced for stock , implements , and other things , over and above the fee-simple of the land iUdf and the fixed Viiidings upon it , they shall offer the same to public sa ! a , and effect such sale ,

      carrying the proceeds of it with all its profits , after the paying cf the necessary and uuavoidable expenses of such sale , to the credit of tha society ; to be employed again for the purchase of more land , the bai ! din « of more dwellings , the procuring of more stock and implements , ami the leasing cf the same to more members of the socitty , nominated and selected as before provided for ; . such additional lands to be again sold , in like manner , for the purchase of more land ; until the whele of the msmbers of the society are allocated on such lands , in such manner , and on such conditions

      101 . Locality of Operalions . ~ Tbe Directors and Trustees shall , in tiiese purchases and selection © f occupiers , b 8 guided as fa" as practicable , by the principle of providing , wiihiu each county , allotments for the members residing in such county , so as to render it unnecessary for a family to remove far from " home , " to places where different customs and different habits prevail . 102 . Members on Land shall continue to Subscribe — Every member so selected and nisde to occupy , shall continue to remain a member of this society , and subscribe to iU fuDds , until the whole of the members of the Land Fand are placed in a similarly independent position with himself , and the other general objects of the society are accomplished .

      CHAPTER IX . —ASSURANCE . 103 . The Assured Benefit from Mutual A id— The assurance to be effected by this Bociety shall be the permanent residence on , and occupation of , an allotment of land , provided with the necessary buildings , stock , and implements , whereon and with which to employ labour under such conditions as will ensure the occupier the benefit thereof , and thus enable him , to live with comfort through Hfe , provide for his family the best of food , clothing , and education ; lay up for a fund against the day of sickness ; and leave his heir behind him in comfortable and independent circumstances .

      104 . Conditions—The subscription , payment , or contribution entitling a member to these benefits chall be in shares of £ l eseh ; to be- paid in one or more payments , or by weekly instalments , as before provided for . But any member not having paid up the foil sum of a share , may be elected to ocenpy a portion of the lands purchased and leased by the Directors , under the conditions before set forth .

      CHAPTER X . —ACCOUNTS AND STATISTICAL RETURNS , SEcnoN i . —raoM branches . 105 . Quarterly Reports—Each branch shall , quarterly , make up complete Teports of the following matters to the General Executive Committee ; namely ; ( 1 . ) A complete statement of the number of the members on the books of the branch , and the amount of funds received , and the arrears arising during the preceding quarter , on the

      General Fund conformable to scbedule ^ ( 2 ) A complete report of tho members paying to ike Land Fuad , with the amount paid by eacti person to that fand , and the amouat of the &rreafB then due , conformable to schedule Acd such reports Bhall be made up to and include the last days of the months of Maroh , June , September , and December , and shall , together with any other reports whioh the General Executive Committee may require , be tranbmitted direct to the General Executive Committee on or before the 7 th of the next ensuing months .

      106 . Fine—If any branch should neglect to forward its quarterly reports to the General Executive Committe , with such subscriptions as may be due at the end of the quarter , within one week from the termination of each quarter , Buch branch Bh&li be subject to a fine of half-a-crown for each week ' s delay ; and ihe General Secretary shall make immediate inquiry by letter , sent by post , as to the reasons for such delay , Such fine shall form pait of the General Fund . The branch bo neglecting- shall also be ineligible to send a delegate or delegates to the annual Convention .

      SICTIOW II . —FHOM GENERAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE . 107 . General Reports—The General Executive Committee shall make the following statements of accounts and reports for the information of the branches : — ( 1 . ) A weekly statement in the official organs of the Society , of all monies reoeived during the week , from the several branches , either for the General or Land Fund , duly setting forth tbe same under their respective headings , and making np the account to Wednesday ia each week . ( 2 . ) A quarterly account of the receipts and

      disbursements . 13 . ) Half-yeaily statistical accounts of the state of the Society , conformable to tbe reports received from branches . ( 4 ) An annual cash balance Bfceet of the assets and liabilities of the Executive Committee made np to the 31 st day of March , to be laid before Convention at its annual session . Acd such quarterly accounts shall be made up to the last days of the month of March , Jnno , September , and December ; and shall include the accounts of the branches for tho preceding quarter . 1 G 8 . Authentication . — -Every' snch periodical

      account shall be attested by tho two General auditors and countersigned by the General Secretary ; excepting the weekly statement , which shall be signed by th # General Treasurer and General Secretary . 109 . Copies for Branches . —A printed or other copy of the quarterly , h&lf yearly , and annual accounts , shall be forwarded to each branch of the soeieiy in the course of the succeeding month ; and the General Executive Committee may charge for each copy of such quarterly reports , tables , or accounts , any sum not exceeding sixpence . ( Stat . sec 33 . )

      110 . Schedules . —The Schedules to be filled up by the branches shall be furnished by the General Executive Committee , at snch price as will cover the cost to the General Executive Committee ; and shall be regularly filed in portfolios by the General Secretary , and annually hound up and indexed . Each brauch Bhall keep a distinct Tecoid of each quarterly report conformble to Echednle — ; and the General Execative Committee ehall also keep a record of ev « ry general repon , account , or table . 111 . Quinquennial Returns—Within three months after the expiration oi every five years , after D- cember 1835 , a return of the rate of sickness and mortality experienced" in each esrabligment of the society , within such period , shall be transmitted to the certifying barrister , according to the form prescribed in the schedule . ( 16 Geo . IV . c . 56 , s . 33 )

      CHAPTER XI . —LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

      SECTION I . —CAPACITY OF SUING . 112 . Suing Officers—A ]] property and rfiVcte of tho society , vested in the trustees or treasurer ( chap , vii . s . 4 . ) shall , for all purposes of action or suit , as we ! criminal as civil , in law or in equity , in anywhe concerning tbe same , be respectively deemed to be , and shall in every such proceeding ( where necessary ) be stated to be the property of tbe persons appointed to the office of trustee or treasurer of such society , for the time being , respectively , in the proper name

      of such several officers , without any furiher description . And such trustees or treasurer , respectively , if < Ju ? y authorized by the Convention or General Executive Committee , may bring or defend any such aciion or suit , concerning the property , tiaht , or claim of the society as aforesaid . ( 10 Geo . IV . c . 55 . s . 21 . ) 113 . 1 ' ermanence of Proceedings—Such proceedings are noi afivcted by the death or removal of thr officers so empvvreTea ' to carry them on- ( Ib . )

      1 ) 4 . Proceeding before Justices—Proceedings relative to frand and imposition on the funds of the fcociety may be taken before any justice of the peace of tbe boiongh or county withii : which the society is held , or by indictment or complaint . ( S . 25 )

      SECIIOS II . —WITNESSES 115 . Evidence of Members—Oa the trial of any act-ion or indictment , or other proceeding respecting the property of the society , or in any proceeding before any justice of the peace , any member ol the society may be a Wiiness , and shall not be objectionable on account of auy inJereac in the resulc . ( 4 . & 5 . Wiil . IY . c . 40 , s . 10 . )

      SLCHON III . —ABBITRAT 10 H . 116 . Election of Arbitrators— For the settlement of disputes between the society acd any member or person claiming an account-of a member , reference thall be made to arbhratioii , pursuant to 10 Geo . tY . c . 56 . b . 57 . And at ihe first meeting of the General Execative Committee after the rules are enrolled , fire arbitrators shall be named and elected , none of them being directly or incirestly beuefici * lly interested in tbe funds of tlie Koeietv .

      117 . Entry of Namet—Uhe names of the arbitrators Bhall be entered in the book of laws of the society as certified by the barriaier . 118 . Selection—In- the . ease of dispatei aot lesa tkaa three of the said arbitrators shall be ehosea bj balUt . For which pnxpwse the n » m » of the arbitrators thkU bo wrnun on pieces ef gaper , aad placed in a box © r glase , and the three wboao names are first drawn out by the fioreplaifling parly , » T sds&e one appointed by s « cb party , shall be tba arbitrators te decide tks aiiur in dispute . Hid their award ifcall be final . 119 £ « p « j » t « 0—All « peBcei attending &e ai&itrateon sh&ll be paid as Kay bo fixed by Kt » ftitountM 8 . 190 . Death # r Negk * t—The pkee ef any arbitrator 4 yi £ g , or sejgleeticg er refusisg to ast , fi ^ i be s » j > - p ) ie < i by aBotkw&s * anaer as stbove .

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      » rhd ; 5 y ™ ^ ^ warrf ^ -Tiw award of the h 5 « S * ' ^ , ° rced by legal proceedings , c + f ^ fo . , Jll 3 ' Of tlw Peace , as directed by the 'Sfl h Jn 8 Dt | ? « Order ' adjudication of such Svard HO c £ iV tl ou t 0 tbeexecuiiou of such yjf A i ° •/«*««» .-ir , on tho application Z ^ Z £ T ? £ ? a maUer » dispute with tho ? w » ll ? L r f ^ e of * uch matter to arbitra-£ nM-, & 5 ? i [ ap " "Mout-uch application being SSSSrT « V **« noRleoi orreftwaUf the or ? S ma ^ y award ' the Pfc « 011 so aggrieved may aomplMn to a justio oi the peace ; and dknnt ? u rfc 7 C fc t determi ! ie the matter in dispute . ( 4 and 5 William IV . c . 40 a 7 )

      CHAPTER XII .-EXEMPTiONS . FEOM STAMP DUTIfcS . 123 . Documents Exempted—The following documents are exempted from stamp duties by the statute . ( 10 Geo . IV . c . 56 . s . 37 ) ¦ Any copy of rules , power , warrant , or letter of attorney , granted by anv persons as trirefaes of the society , far the transfer of any share in the public funds , standing in the natno of trustees . ' Any receipts given for any dividend in any public stock or fund , or interest of exchequer bills . Any receipt or entry in any book of reoeipfc for

      money deposited ia the fuads of the society . Auy receipt for mosey rec&ived by any member , or executors , administrators , assigns , or attormes , of such , member , from the funds of tbe society . Any bond or other security given to , or on account of the society ; or by tho treasurer or trustees , or any officer thereof . Any draft or order . Any form of assurance . Any appoiutjneut of an agent , or aDy certificate or other instrument , for the revocation of suob . appointment .

      Any other instrument or document whatever , required or authorized to be given , issued , signed , made , or produced in pursuance of the statute . But theso exemptions do not apply to any society assigning to any individual any sum exceeding £ 200 . ( 3 and 4 Victoria . c 73 . i

      CHAPTER XIII . —DISSOLUTION OF THE SOCIETY . 124 . Consent—This society shall not be dissolved or determined so long as the intents or purposes of the society , or any of thorn , remain to ho carried into effect , without obtaiuing the votes of consent of fivesixths in value of the then existing members of the society ; aud also the consent of all persons then receiving , or then entitled to receive relief , or benefit from such society , either on account of sickness , age , or infirmity , or other contingency , to bo testified uudcr their hands individually and respectively . ( 10 Geo . IV . c . 5 G . s . 26 . )

      125 . Vetes—Every momber shall be entitled to one vote on the question of tho dissolution of the society , and an additional vote for every five years that he may have been a member ; but no one member shall have more than'five votes in the whole . ( Ib . ) 126 . Division of Funds—In case of a dissolution of the society , the intended appropriation or division of the funds , or other property of the society , shall be fairly and distinctly stated in the proposed plan of dissolution , prior to such consent being given . The

      society shall not direct the division or distribution of its stock or funds , or any part thereof , to or amongst tbe members of the society , other than for carrying into effect the general intents and purposes of tho society , declared by the enrolled rules . But if any division or misappropriation of the funds of the society be made without the requisite consent , the trustee , or other officer , or person aiding or abetting therein , shall be liable to the penalties provided by the statute , in cases of fraud . ( Ib . )

      CHAPTER XIV . —PUBLICATION OF LAWS . 127 . Printed Copies—The laws of this society , and the several schedules and instruments relating thereto , shall be priutod and published at the general expence of the society , and each member furnished with a copy , for which he shall pay a sum to be fixed by the General Executive Committee . 128 . Copy hung up—A copy affixed on pasteboard or wood , snail also be hung up in every place of meeting of the society .

      CHAPTER XV .-BYE-LAWS . 129 . The General Executive Committee may enact such bye-laws and issue sueh instructions , from time to time , &s they deem requisite for carrying into effect the general laws of the soeiety , or for the right conduct of the business of the society , in any of tbe districts , branches , or classes ; and such byo-laws and instruction * , after being enrolled , shall be published for the use of the members of the society .

      CHAPTER XVI .-INTERPRETATIONS . In giving effect to the foregoing : laws , the following meanings snail be assigned to expressions , unless either the subject or the context otherwise requires : — 130 . Singular Number . —The singular number shall include the plural number as well as the singular . 131 . Genders . —The masculine gender shall include females as well as males . There , then , is the Plan . What next follows is the address of the Conference to the country generally , calling attention to it , and asking for general popular support . ;

      Untitled Article

      W . EWABF , ESQ . M . P ., AND ONE OF THE EXECUTORS OF THE " DEFUNCT LEAGUE , " IN DUMFRIES . \ On Thursday , tho 17 ta instant , aboat mid-day , a profusion of hand-biUa was issued , intimating that WiUiarn Ewart , Esq , the representative of the bricks and mortar of the Dumfries district of burghs , won la address bis constituency and the inhabitants the same evening , in the New Mavbet Place . Tbe policy of this short notice was evident ; but tbej must rise early who would catch the Chartists of that locality napping .

      The news that the father of the great sugar question was to be taken to task for his Parliamentary conduct , travelled as fast as that of bis adv « at ; and acsoxdio ^ iy , at six o ' clock , p . m . the body of the building , whu » holds ap wards of a thousand persons , was fillwd . About htlf-past six tbe Member , accompanied by a bevy of hh supporters , entered th » Market-place , and shortly afterwards mounted a platform at the further e » d of the bmildhsg , aad took his seat on & beacii charitably provided by tbe Managers of the Chatiiai ieatl » g- » ooin . ]

      The " Paplisnuwer" uses proseatSed to render m account of bis stewaidihip . It wa » decidedly a etuiooa affair , and attob better fitted fe * the coismca of Ponah than those of th « Star . With » slight meofciOB of the Cera lava , and passing glance at the " tet > ana eoffee gaeslHgne ; ' * It was sfyftr at Che beflnsigg , sugar iu tbe middle , and aajwr « tbe end . Inuscfl , that may acotant tot ttoe iro » m » tance of its being , aa « eotfcney would say , sich a rujinnp speech . He begaa , as a matter el coutse , by attacking the present Adu * i nlstettian for rt « f ptog A » i with tkelr new Uriff ; asd

      Untitled Article

      calsud of tao rcpsai of the Corn Lws aa iho yreafc nations ^ qnestion , ^ hich , by affecting the v ,-ry existtence of tho people , took precedence cf ail ( ht-ore'ical plans of reform . Then ha tame to thu sugar Katies , which , if reduced , haaaUl , would increase so ru-c :. the consumption of that ert . 'do , as well ns of thoss ot tea amlc : fifes , that tha revuuua won ' . ' * be incKS&yl-from V-&t source , instead of bsing dirfliaish-a . Aft ; - ? that followed some isYr «' 'onttbe education clsosea of tha Factory Bill ; ana a ioii <» a ' . sserteticn ca'the Cha .-ca of Scotland question , i" . ! ch he c ^ nttnae i : or the tight of the whola V ^ V ' t- > el-. ct r-c-. r p as .: i . H 9 cocclucled by buying that- ho wiw uv «« uaVi *> t <> aa txtensvon of tbe stffra ^ j but that the I'ssin nbjecs of the people ^ mid be the ;' . tt » icsne 5 jt of free trada in Corn , anrt tiy .-Jl nieans in iugar ; and liiide

      souie mysterious nU : ! -ionri to Cbita ; n m ^ hty ms-. juteS t ha intended to Uing bff- > ro P . wi < iiu . ;; it atx * . S- ^ ion , although be did vox . con ; lfescenil u « i particular- P <« 1 bail better bo on the iuok ' out If wj mast tak .-h ! a o * n wjrd for it , rur tnti'jiber is a dtii ^ ieii'is fii' . mw .-Hf ! said , too , tbst , fruii a high-authority ,. & p ;« diiin ' t 3 jk him , horror ; they oaiy ' l . inehed .

      iMr . Amirew Wai-drop then raoun ' ved the platform amid the plaaiiita of the meeting . Hd saifl \ ha . i Mr . E'Vart had remarked that Peel , on optusag the St » sion with mighty promises , as yet unfulG ' ileu , hati dec- ved the people . This he defied . The people tested . neither in Pael nor RosselL He then . jjavs a rev : < - ^ of tha measures or tho l « . te and present Adtniuis-ration , and reminded th © electors thai it was their own d ^ ing , couttadiBg that tt Universal Suffipge Parliament could not well be worse . After exhorting the people to stand by their Charter as they hadtfitiierto done , he observed that Mr . E ^ M-t had acfcnowinged the prla . ciple of Uulveraal Suffrage in the speech just delivered j

      he had acknowledged their tight umveiaauy a in tuei election of their spiritual guides while he , wi ^ strange ineongistercy , denied their right to have a voice in the management of their affairs of this world . He went on to shaw that , extend trade as they weuld , it woald only be a benefit to the people until ths hammei and the file had produced machines to do the work , and pointed ouv the land as that to which all luust come at laafc . But it is impossible to give anything lite a sketch Of this brilliant speech—( even if yon could afford ne room)—which occupied upwatdsof an hoar io the delivery , and was repeatedly interrupted by Jtounda of applause .

      Ewart afterwards rose and attempted a reply , but miserably failed in ausweriag any of tie arguaiL-nis of his opponent . In reference to the Suffrage he advised the working men to endeavoar to raise tnfiaisv'ivss morally and socially , by joining Temperance S- ' ties , 4 c ., and then tbay woul < t thus secure the ? rar > cL " . « 3 easily ; but the prig had the hardihood to add tiafc , although not altogether opposed to . Universe ! Suff-aga , rather than endanger property , he considered it cett <* r to wait . The Secretary of the Association rose and askc-d the corn-craik whether it * was his opinion that , ia the event of the people obtaining the franchise , property would be endangered , as he setmed to insinuate ? To this he replied that he had not this gift of prephecy or the secoud sight ; and theiafore he couldn't Bay whether ot not But he could nevertheless , tell us all about tha effects that would be produced by the introduction of Polish wheat and BrazU sugar .

      Shortly afterwards his clique gathered rounf . the Champion of Free Trade , and cairied him off \ o hia quarters , whence they elevated themselves ' socially , " if not morally , by imbibing until a late hour , -copious libations of whiskey toddy . Sweet William also addressed the inhabitants of fcba spirited little town of Lacquhar , another of the burgh 3 of the district , on Saturday , where he was fuTthsr instructed in the principles of tbe Pdopl&'s Carter .

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      DESTRUCTION OF THE NBSTOBIAN CHRISTIANS . Tke tribes of Nestoriatt Christiana , who have inteablted the mountainous district of Cfealdea from a period earlier than tbe first invasion of that country by the Mahomedans , bave recently been attacked and butchered with inhuman cruelty by the Pacha of Mosul and a number of Kuraish Chiefs . The Constantinople correspondent of the Morning Chronicle gives tha following account of this atrocious massacre , and adds , that it originated in jealousies of the designs of the Nestorians instilled into tbe mind of the Pa ? ha , by the rival missionaries of tbe Church of England and the Church of

      Rome , both of whom wished to supplant the American ( Independent ) missionaries who first fouud out these interesting people , and were labouring faithfully amongst them . In consequence of rumours tbat tbo Americans , assisted by the Nestorians , were about to build torts in the mountains , and of mutual complaints addressed to the Pacha of Mosul by the EigHsh and Roman Catholic missionaries , tbat chief assembled an army , which he sent into tbe mountains to attack ths unfortunate Nestorians . The following is the account of the result given by the correspondent of the Cfcroniele : —

      ' Constantinople , Aug . 17 . —Letters received the day before yesterday contain a deplorable account of the results of tbe united troops . They had penetrated into tbe centre of the Tiyaree district , burnt the villages and churches , destroyed the , crops , and put , the inhabitants of both sexes to the sword . Three , or according to other accounts , five brothers of tho Patriarch bate been slain , his mother was cut in half , and hiB sister horribly mutilated . The Patriarch himself had fled to Mosul , and taken refuge in the British vice-consulate . Thus , a sect which bad preserved its independence

      daring centuries , and bad resisted the persecuting sword of Islsm , when wielded by the most powerful and most intolerant of the feliowers of Mohammedwhich , in its simplicity and isolation , had maintained tbe doctrines and forms of a primitive church for ftbeut fourteen centuries , and which had escaped the corruption of religion , of morals , and of character , sc conspicuous in all other Christian sects of the east—has now , iu the weakness of Mohammedanism and in the sUoagth of European Christianity , been delivered over to destruction .

      ( From the Times . ) The expedition of the Pasha of Mosul against the Mountain Nestorians has been attended wi ' . h tbe most deplorable success , and tbat success stained , aa was to be expected , from the co-operation of his savage « uxiliarit » B the Kurds , with every so ^ t of atroeiiy . The bouses of the wretched inhabitants were fired , and they themselves hunted down like wild beasts and exterminated . Neither sex nor age met with favour or raarcy ; tbe mother , brother , and sisters ef the Patriarch were the ohj £ cta of peculiar barbarity , th 3 fanner having been literally sawed in two , and tbe Litter most shockingly mangled and mutilated . The Patriarch himself succeeded in enacting his escape , and lias taken rtfuee'in the bouse of the British consular ageat at

      Moaul . The uumber of victims who have perished in this massacre is not yet known . The population of the mountains amounted to 100 , 000 . Tbe \ r fate has been truly lamentable and extraordinary . Surrounded by Mussulman hordes , pent up for ages in their native fortresses , tbe very existence of theso children of the primitive church had remained almost a secret t the rest of Christendom . Happy for them , indeed , had it continued so , for tbeir obscurity seems to have been their best protection . No sooner had their country been explored by missionaries , and ttie interest of learned and scientifla men besn awakened with respect to thfctn , than this terrible visitation bafel them , and tho public is called upon to sympathize with tbsm in their destruction , before , perhaps , it had become

      generally aware of their existence . Letters from Mosul throw much of the odium of this sad affair or Europeans . It was tbe imprudent zaal of rival missionaries that fitst excited the jealous apprehensions of the Pasha of Mesul , and cau ? od hiyn to " let slip the dogs of war " on the unfortunate Nestorians . It is affl ? aied even that some of these , gentlemen , with a view of prejudicing hia mind againt the American missionaries , suggested to him that they were assisting the mountaineers to raise fotta , whereby they would be hereafter enabled to Bet i a « Ssiltan ' B authority at defiance . These reports war * altogether unfounded—their consequences , however , have been dreadful , —each , indeed , as could n ^ vtr hava bsen contemplated by ths inventors of them , who have , unYurtkeles 8 , brought an awful responsibility upon themselves .

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      MELAP . CHOLr OCC 0 RRE . NCB AT FuLJUH—A . BOT Shot . —Since Sunday la « G the inhabitants of Falhara have been in a paintul state of excitement in . consequonce' of the lamentable death of a fine lad , aged 12 vuars , named George Bolton , son of the head garaenor to Odinau Sampo , Esq ., residing at Peterboroush-houee , in that pariBh , whioh occurred under the truly hearl-rendiiig and nielaneholy circumstances subjoined . It appears that about hal -past ; 10 o ' clock oii tho morning in question tbe deceased left his father ' s homej accompanied by a boy mimed Buller , aged about ssveu yeats , for the purpose of attcading a place af worship to vftioh he was accustomed . Oa their way thither they met two yonths named

      Baenard and YYmtty , the sons of poor but honest parent and the former of whom carried a gau with a percussion lock , whieh he said was loaded but was sot capped . Deceased asked them were they were going and they said to shoot sparrows , whea deceased 8 Aid ho . would accompany them , and they repairal to some grounds attached t * Brooni-hxrosB , wuiah is situate by tlie side of the riwer Thames , where they werejoiaed by a lad named Bossell . Baguurd was subsequently in tha atft ef holding the £ un while WiuUj fited on a cap , deceased at the time standing is front of ft , when . Russell cautioned bisi to aLove away , bat he did not do so , aad eearcely had

      a Buunte elapsed bofore the look went down , and tk « eoateiitfl of the gun ( which wJta loaded with powder aad small shot ) qatered the 2 «* ft side of deceased , and he ttil bleadi&g . ho the ground . He was imeaed&sJislj pioked off by his eotaoanrons , snd can * veytd to Mr . 'ikaVffi wrfgeoa , m * ihr whoso dfreetiop he was ,-visbtBt . Wsstf tms ^ * em& ? cd U > St . Georfie * Hpaps *! , whsr * he reawaed ia a perieetljt son § ibla state feitt wifkjii a fcsr jaiBBtes of his death , whi « li Hok phwa shortly after fbw o'eloafc yeeter ^ ey Bapraias , »• hope * from the first giving baea eai « " » ame <| at" his frQCviviBs ; . lafonaatiMi of lix > us ! or *»» a > « T « at fata In ® Cwrrar ^^ tt tk . Higgs , Viic eoru&tr .

      Untitled Article

      The Address of the National Conference of Delegates from . the Industrious Classes , assembled in Birmingham ^ Tuesday ^ Sept . 5 , 1843 , to devise a Plan of Organization , for a Society to Enforce upon Public Attention the Principles of the Peoples s Charter , and to devise Means for their Practical Application . To the Industrious Classes of the United Kingdom . Jn no period of the history ot our country , has poverty , misfortune , and social degradation , produced more fearful ravages on the moral and pbyalcal character of tho labouring classes than the present . Aa a people , we possess , not only every capability of creating the most superabundant supply cf every kind of

      wealth , essential to tbe comfort of our homes and families , but we also possess natural resources in tbe richaess of our soil , the immense and valuable products of our mines , which , if wisely and justly dispensed would render every member of British society wealthy to the highest degree of social existence . Secure from tbo calamitous ravages of war by tho insulated position of our uative island , combined with commercial advantages supremely beneficial over any other state in Europe—we have only the fatal obstacle of unjnst and usurped Government interposing between us , nature ' s muniticence , and the enjoyment of those blessings whioh the greatesttffirts of national ingenuity have ao magnificently accomplished . Our condition is without parallel in tho history of nations . Oar country naturally rich , has been render **} by the triumtihs of

      art ann peaceful industry , illimitable iu ber artificial , as in her native , resources . Yet we are' more wretched , iusecure , and degraded as nieinb * rs of tho Britub . commonwealth , than ; tbe most abject slaves of despotic states . Science has been converted to a calamity by destroying tbe value of labour , while the immense wealth it has called into i xistence , usurped by the richer members of British society , fcave conferred powers of social oppression more pernicious , though more concealed in their operation , than the misery entailed by Government tyranny . Nor are t-he working classes alone tne- eoff .-rers : no the shopkeeper , the humble manufacturer , the industrious and enterprising ot every ' class behold their prospects blasted in the im > poveridbineoi ; of the millions , and the monopolising domination of immense capUnl .

      If , then , we desire the happiness , freedom , and greatness of our country , ami the tranquillity of society—if we wouid avert the fearful consequences of civil cim-. motion—if we deaire commercial and rural prosperityif tho rich desire security for their property—the tradesman requires profitable eraploymcnLfor his talent , and cspital—the working . ;* ieii just and ample protection for ]; it > our—our position as a people has left no just alternative but the 6 J-tablii . i . nibnt of a full , universal , and pure representation of all cusses in tho Commons ' House of Parliament .

      The object of our Esssmbh ' rjg in Conference at this p « riod of public distress , has been to prepare a Plan of National Organisation , by which we may unite the moral power ef the nail ions of our suffering fellowcountrymen iu onegrautl s ^ cciutiori to procure political fres ^ om- —guarantefcUjg to it tLc protection of law , and combining the advantage of affuruing to every workingman the means of investing Iii 3 savings with profit , security , and tae prospect uf ultimately attaining social independence . Feilow-Ciuntrymen , it js to your judgment , to yonr patriot-am , yourinteiiigeuc , v . e bow appeal . If yo » are resolved to free your homos and country , the instrument to accomplish this glorious underUking is , to the best of our jut ! gss . « nt , the Plan « e have laid dovra to conaolidute your taorai power .

      With yon now rests the 6 hcccJS or failure of this great work . We pied ^ e curoelves before the altar of our beloved eonntry , to make every sacrifice which tho obligations of patriotism may impose , or tbe perilous condition cf oar country oiay rtqiiire . We seek JHsrics through the lawful medium of joat ' y eoBstltvted got eminent . We have declared th&t tv ^ ry lawful means shall be employed to wm » uoi » i > te tho humanity of our desians , is yestoriM comfort and

      fseedoin to tha unhappy homes of the Ih&muIoui £ ii ! Ue » . We dctm it also oar duty , va this ocea ^ icn , to expreta , in the name of the v ; orkln ^ - « lasfe « a of Crroat Brkata , ear deepest 8 f Bipstky vsith otu : Irish fellowsabjtcts . We » s « r « « . r > € m that wo regard thftir Btxujggl « ( or legiRl&tive iudeper . aci . ee , tiased on ths electoral ¦ jg&tB ef att 6 la $ ^ e » . oi bur pnoj-lc , as paroHioiMit hi t . te 'jMfcess of human freedom , Aad in ) atell ever fa « l iv ' ©« r doty : » wf # . Uy . to discourage ih « Q ^ vei > Bmeat , ia any aMerapt to eeercs * by milite . rj force , tho peaetfifl sad

      Pabadise Within The Rea.Ch Of A.Ll Men Without Labour,' By Povvers Of Nature And Machinery. Letter Vi.

      PABADISE WITHIN THE REA . CH OF A . LL MEN WITHOUT LABOUR , ' BY POVVERS OF NATURE AND MACHINERY . Letter VI .

      miial effort ' \ r ' a ch imy ' jeiiiaie to achieve the jusi . aud iacred ob . ect of National Freedom . ( S ' gned ) , Jsmes Dewburst J Eames J . W . Smyth W . Salj J . Linton [ R Marsd" 3 n W . Dixoa J . Shaw C Doyle ; P . M'Gr ^ th Donaldson ] Hsnry K . jss J . Chauce G ? or ^ e Virgo DiVidEilis I Samuel Larce J . Robins i Joshua Hobuon T . M . Wheeler Jonathan Bairatow F . O'Connor- ; John Piace L Clark ; G J- Harney Hosier i K H . Williams J . Mason ' W . P . Roberts . Sqcike Fabbek . President . R . T . WORKISON . Secretary .

      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Dear Sir , —My letter , ! N-. > . V . coutained Mr . E . zier ' a address to the people , which address fans also been published in several other papers , aud already caused considerable inquiry , JI shall therefore subjoin to my present letter his memorial to both houses of Parliament . ' It is generally admitted that no beneficial measure of any kind can be carried in Parliament , unless there is a eufneient pressure jfrom without . Parliaments , like other machines , do not work by themselves ; we must therefore apply some power to thetoi . The only motive

      power wbieh can put Parliament in motion and in a proper working condition , is public opinion . Mauy politicians are inclined to take tbe opinion on abstract principles of their respective ( parties for public opinion . Tories believe tbat public opinion is in favour of Tory principles—of high duties on the first necessaries oi life—of military dignity—high-church educationvested rights—royal pomp and festivities . Whigs and anti-Corn Law men believe { that public opinion ia in favour of a repeal of the Corn Laws—of free tradeof manufactures— mill-owners—poor laws—union work * bouses—silent systems . Chartists believe that public opinion is in favour of the six points of the Charter , of Universal Suffrage , of economy in tbe church and state establishments , of tbe abolition of primogeniture , of

      tbe division of tbe land , the appropriation and cultivation of the waste lands , of producing corn at borne , instead of importing it from abroad , &c . he . It is evident that these three parties will-never meet on any of their own grounds , since their principles and ideas of political rights , and political economy are diametrically opposed to each other . Consequently , party opinion cannot be public opinion ; and patty measures , if they are carried by any temporary [ ascendancy of a party can never give public and general satisfaction , therefore are constantly changing . To ; create new public opinion in favour of any movement or measute , it is necessary that such a movement or measure shall correspond with the feelings , desires and wants of nearly every one ; that it shall be the expression of the inward thoughts of

      man . ; A calm investigation of human nature shows , that the desire of almost every man is for liberty and happiness for himself . Even oppression is caused by the desire of liberty of the stronger one , of tbe oppressor , who sees no other meana than oppression to . &ttaJn his liberty and happiness . It is liberty in the universal sense of the word , liberty in opinion , liberty from care and want , liberty to enjoy Gods creations and the result of eur own exertions , which is deeply rooted ia the breast of every ma u Thus liberty and happiness are one and ihe same , and perfect liberty is perfect law and perfect order . !

      Men are destined ultimately to enjoy perfect liberty , and the way towards the attainment of it , is material liberty . Political and religious liberty is the necessary consequence of the first Political speeches and churcbpieachingexcite the feelings * momentarily ; but they cannot fill the stomach , clothe tbe body , and protect us from rain and the cold of the winter . But whea me . i are materially independent ; when their necessaries of life are provided tot ; when neither want nor fear of want racks their brains ; then religious and political

      liberty will be understood and acted ont A man without material want and fear cannot be enslaved . F » ee men will form such governments or such regulations as will beat suit them . They will know of no other law than the laws of God—ihe law of attraction . Aud oar preEont laws and regulations , which are the offering of the law of fear and constraint , will cease by themselves ; will fall to pieces like the castles of knights and robbers * af te 7 the invention of gunpowder . Tb ^ y will vanish like the light of a lamp to which no fresh supply of oil is given . !

      The next movement of the ; peoplo . will be for material liberty , for ease , for comfort ; it will be a movement fur a general HOLIDAY , as soon as it will be seen that do one can loose by it . That the poor will be made rich , and the rich richer still , without taking from any man , but only by receiving what bounteous nature is willing to give , if we understand her laws , have faith in Providence , and believe tbat God has intended men to be happy , and that unbappinesa ia merely the consequence of a neglect jan& misunderutandiug of the laws of the universe . j I hope tbat by the time Parliament reassembles tbe Bubjuined Memorial will be ' sufficiently known and powerfully supported by men of all classes and parties . Memntial ofJ . A . Elzler lo poih Houses of the British Parliament . j

      " Your memorialist most [ respectfully represents : That he baa invented a mechanical system , by which by inanimate powers that cost nothing , 10 te 20 000 acres ca > i be cultivated garden-like by one machine and three or four men for attendance , and requiring a capital not exceeding two to four thousand pounds sterling . " Tijat in consequence , distress , all want and fear of Want of the real necess iries of life , are no longer necessary evils , considering the extent of the yet uncultivated lands in the British realm and colonies . That it will be in tbe power of Government ; to cause a general application ef this mechanical system for the relief of all distress and want and fear of Want of the poor portion of the population , and for tho benefit of landowners , and for government itself , by assuming the direction of

      this system . That therefore the cry of distress , the claims for relief , and the dangers of commotions , of the suffering class , and the anxieties of those who desire to help them , may be put to an end for ever ; that government may be adored and adorable by all , lich « nd poor , in making proper arrangements as suggested by your memorialist through hia agency . That to ascertain tbe truth of this j representation , a committee may be appointed to examine the subject carefully and report tbe results of ; their examination , for legislating on the » ubj * ot . That if on the contrary , Government should leave this new great matter to chance , the consequences might prove disastrous to public peace and happiness , a large portion of the mass of the people not being perhaps intelligent enough to

      to regulate this system of themselves to tbeir own relief and the benefit of the community at large , though joint stock companies of all classes with shares of abent one pound sterling each are suggested , which would enable all poor people to participate immediately in the great benefits of tbe system for their ( permanent liberation of want , fear of want , and compulsive labour . That if the Government would now , when not yet too late , assume the general regulation of this system in the realm and colonies , that system might become a perpetual source of vast revenue to ! Government , supercediog air taxes , by distributing the produce of the soil s <> , tbat one portion bo appropriated for the nses of th ; Government , one for the landowners , on 9 for the

      capitalists or shareholders furnishing the expenses for machinery and other requisites , and one for the poor classes , performing certain easy small duties for the feuperintendauce of the works land for governmental uses . That by so doing a fund may be created not only defraying all expenees of the Government , but a ; so to pay the national debt in a short jperiod , acd ultimately to create new national baneScial institutions fo ? the proper education of ail classes ; 'for tbe const : notion of roads , canals , colonial , naval , military and other general means for public happiness and safety , to tbe great * ^ t glory and power of the British nation , and through it to tbe universal good of mankind . [ That examination and negotiation for the great purposes may be extended by a committee with < fec , Ac . " 1 I am , Sir , your obedient ; servant , C F . yTOLLMETER , No . 3 , Northampton Terrace , City Road , London , September 9 , 1843 .

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      _ THE NORTHERN STAR . \ I

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 16, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1230/page/7/