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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th April 1843, Edition 1 of 4, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      EMIGRATION . WHERE TO , AKD HOW TO PROCEED . 2 n onr last sheet we announced that arrangements ^ jd been made "with Mx . Piikethly , of HaddersBeld , jo pablish in ihe . Star ^ in weekly portions , the i * $ oiB 3 of Ms tour ihronjfh a portion of Casapa , and several of the States of Nobth Ambbicj . ; partfcnlariy ihe States of Massachusetts , Rhode Jslatd , 2 ? 2 W Tobk , Pexstltasia , Ohio , Micsigis , Iiiisois , Wiscoxsis , and New Jebset ; un-^ eriat en "wii b » "new of ascertaining the desirability , 0 t otherwise , of Emigration ; and to judge of ihe best location for English Emigrants , from actnal observation / ' What follows is the a Introductory letter" then promised . The " Jiotes" will be commenced next week .

      TO INTENDING EfflGRAlfTS . 3 JT ? fiIE 5 DS , — "For a long period I had contemp lated a visit to the "United States of Ifortb America , jjasy circumstances combined to urge me to make it Tor several years , however , it "was unavoidably deferred ; jjnt .-las ¦» riU be seen by the sketch or my Tour , -which under arrangement , will appeal in the columns of the Northern Star , —I undertook it last sunnner-It TFijald have afforded me much pleasure to hare eampfied ^ nth the very urgent requests of many kind j-ieuis in -raiioiis paxts of tlie country , to iaTe grren £ os account of my Tom a more early pnblieation ; bat business engagements have toe much , occupied my attention , a : d I b&ve besides had occasion to be in Ssotjsni a considerable portion of ike time that has eia pstd BBcemy return from the United States .

      I must cra ? 6 The ind-iigBEce of my friends to overlook the iisccarasdas of style in this " record of obser-TatJora ; " fei 1 m ^« m piete& « ifin » as «¦ a ¦ writes . " I cmJy desire than to T&eli&ve that in the task I have undertaken , I hare "been prompted by the best possible mod-yes , and . performed it to the best of my ability , ¦ with a Tie-sr to rendeMerrice ta those who need it 2 dy first etjsct in " going out" was to ascertain how iar the " thousand and one * flattaiEg Btatemtnis circulated respecting Amtrica -were founded on facs . Secondly , to ascertain hovr fa the mnch-rednced and tajrsnffinsly i&e arozaa of this country could improve iheir condition by removing thither .

      Thirdly , that by observation and -experience , I might S » enabled to alleviate , in some degree , lhe sufferings irifi-cted upon those who , from choice , undertake the "Voyage tnth S view to iaprote tfceir condius , n ; and snare especially the mare ncfurtOEote , Trio , from prtBSstb t > t riicnmsiances and -traot of employiinSEt , are compelled to srek an asjlum in a foreign land . These classes to -which 1 cere alinde will no doabt , ¦ ftt&L by the expose which 1 am now enabled to make of the oresslzdd sTsSem of swindliii ? and planner

      existing , psrijenlariy in Liverpool and ~ Sew York , by whica the nnsBspecSuc and simple Emigrant is jl eeced oftentimes oi " Jiis cHL" And if my efforts in this department have ocly the effect of puttingEmigrants npontbeii guard , and arming them against the insidionB attempts of the hungry cheating crew that abound to their dertmctioii , my labour mil not have been in Tain ; and the TtfiscSon tha » I haxe been the instrument of good to the poor drizxn-away worker will be an ample reward .

      31 y attention was first attracted to ibia branch of my present subject , ley an ocenrrencs which fell under mj o-sm otserrsfion In the latter end oi 1841 ; ££ d in sidii 3 -sras called ¦ upon to act & somewliat prominent psrt . It was detailed in a letter from mystlf to Sir George Sxciair at the time ; and 1 here giTe it , that tfcr leader may hsYa sszne idea of the infamous tricks Kssrted to by parties connected ¦ with Emigrant Shipping , xnd serre as an immediate warning to all irho may be now coutemplafing a voyage " out * " to be mindful Tthli son of *• bargains" they mak « - Thty -sriil- < io wise !? , too , to looi minutely to the ircrdins acd purport of the receipt for passage * " they may recoiTe . Ihe idlo'wing letter will show them a reason why : —

      " 10 SI » GEOBGE SI 5 CLAIB ., SaBT . *• iJTcrpool , 20 Eh KoYsmbtr , 1811 . " Sis , —Tour kir . di ^ ss induces me to take the li bartj of laying a case of Yillai > y beiore you , for thi jmrpese of craning yonr beoefolent iuitxftre ^ ce Witl the powers Hci be . 1 -wiU not trouble you with an ] father apology , but state the facts . ' *> . poor woman , the wife tf William Bradley latfc of Huddersficld , after disposing of her littla fur simre , one to ihiB place with ssvtn children , to : the purpose of t ** P » E a passage to 2 S * ew York , trhen bsz husband had been forced , by pressure of circum stances , to IEmigTa&e , some short time btf ort . She ai liYed here with her children and a brother , on Xho 15 d

      ui . t ; 1 reached here on the 17 th , and on the af ternoo of the Fame day , found the woman , and accompanied her to a shipping office , where she had preriouslj been to treat for a passage . I asked : > lr . Bobinaoi oqs of the contractors , seYeral questions , all of whict he evaded answering , * r *\ addressed timself to Jtira Bradley , dealing that she would say , £ isi ah © ,-woald pye ^ 16 fox the conveyance of herself ard her family . " She had previously been asked £ 1 S 10 s . I dtsirtd hei ' to lt * T 8 the cSce , as it was improper to treat with any cbe "who would not explain . ' She was f jlloiring me , irhtii he stopped her , and o 5 cred to * take htr for . £ 15- ' BoirtfTer , 1 advised her to wait , and 1 would make Sena irqairy at some ether cfiice . 1 sa ~ w Ler the

      folhv iLg eT ning , after 1 kad engaged a passage fcr her iLd limily fcr £ 12 103 . She informed me that she Lvd jiist paid to the Messrs . Kobinson , - or r&thtr to tLtir agtait , the hum of £ 14 103 . ; " and this she had done sfier the xaost Tiultnt threats and intimidations , such is , * if she went and paid anywhere else , they trould tsic care she should not go ; " ' that they had had » dach tronhla with her , lhat she must pay them for it ; ' 'if « he did not pay them she -could not go at all . * it fcc ; so that in terror , the pooi wr-man agreed to jsj . Her brother wss with bw at the time she paid ; te as neither cf them csuld write , they had with them 3 person -srfeo could . TTcen the bargain was concluded , it ins Et first proposed to giTe a receipt en a plain

      ststi of paper . Xhis they refused to accept , hiring s& ^ m others tipoii a printed form . Hereupon the agent proficcfcd a printed form , and while filing it np . the pezsoa " » ho accompanied the ¦ woman and her brother , aEd vto cculd write , was watching to see that all was 6 ons risit . As soon ss the agent aw this , he , with the EOEi shocking oaths and impreeatiois £ _ -i 2 id ibe sadpereonbj the collar , —tcld him there was tbedoer ; to ocgffinr !—ihai tbey wanted eo jcid agents there , " and Tic . ienUi pushid him out TThen thtsc things were dc ^ Hid u > me , I asked for a sight of thr receipt ; and 1 Bucn funad xhe execrable rascality of tbevfc ' - 'ii trans-SCtk— U was a priattd form , - w . th the bLjuts partly

      Si = d cp . aadpartrjTjot . It set forth that the parties bad asitsd fur a second cabin -psssiLSb to 2 i * w York , by tfcc -i' / red ; bat the -srords * IP roox Lau lt * n itterliiitil ! So that the poor wonisn wotUd haTtr been tntrtly at the mercy tf the sarpies ; an 4 Isibje to have been sent ashore , as the vessel -was lea-Fin ? port , on tbe sremd that there was m > rooin' ' . ' and that her bargain -tf- sa to go if there -was * room . * it also set ftrth that a balance ef £ 4 was sdll dee for the passage . To grre you as correct an ide 3 as 1 c ^ n of tha pre-BDUsdoeument , ' I have here transcribed it . preserving its fenn Kid pecuBarities as weQ as it is possible to do so in " writing ;

      * X *« 3- Berth , No . TranatlanHcPaAet Offices , ^ o . l , Peptone-street , WaterJoo-roid , and 1 € , Goret Pizzas . "Ilia . Badky , llary , Ehz \ beth , EUtn , Emma , ° f * & , Prcdcrick , andThciaaa , mating two adults and sishik 5 xei , lHYe agreed -with us for a second cabin Tit- 1 -. y rwn , PCsse -tn iew Tcrk , in the Alfred , ukicg all the ^ se 4 paymg , before embarking one collar each fed ^*^ mc *** - > ^ P finding berths , water , and " $ T ? ^^^ tanrferablfi . rw * . ^ ? r 0 Tisoas aad wrarinc apparel sllovred a »

      t « T , Tf r : C 8 dnefor pasa ? ~ - ^^ which , with the « = F ~ M mHi 6 y , East he paid on cr beft-rt tee sbip g <> es tW yj ! t l CT tbe fie P ° « t will be fortes , ai . d the k * o& zs now screed upon filled np by oihtis . « Sj—seri 5 For J- i W . KOBIXSOS , *~*^ t M . SOaEKTllLE . " - » vt , f ° r Iiad Tead ^ PKtended receipt , I csked TtettwiT ^ BOt P * * m thB psaace money ?• 1 J ^^^ d "th = y h = d .- Then , - 1 » krf , why Wr ^ t H * ** f 0 UT ***** P *? - » ' Ti 3 e sssyier £ HtT " ^^ paiaaOtkej aerted for . namely , ^ Ci ^ L J = eit them dirtcUy to the c&re to learn vh ^ ^ LV * f ° - . Thf 3 " returned to say , that- the person 7 tie ffi ° 3 ^ bejs

      k ^_ ^ g absent , no answer could hr- * -X I "Wait with tbe poor woiaioj and her jw * totfce GorerniiifeEt Office " for the Protection of jT > T ?* J ^ a Jsw niunt's past four . We f ^ nnd t ^ t ^ Jt ^ rf teci tfctm to tbe othei s ^ pp ^ ? sm « ~^ eE ^ a Fasssfe for the family , SEas ^ T ? T 9 £ X P ' a 5 ned the -whole nattar . They TOtt ^ ^ " ^^ tod that such things were of no j ^ -Qcn occurrence . I tEquired , -If such srr ^ a KfH mt ** Pnt cat of the trade ?' in * tCT- l Jt 1 ras disgraceful to haYe such of La * , Tras ralcnlated to bring all the shippers Bs f *?* mt 0 odinm . " They said , Thty conld PiW * n ? ' * H ttey da Bot thmi it ; "* 0 Illd *» 0 ^ ajfl «^ L ' ffm 8 ^^^ ° P fOT swindling ?' aEctha-i-A ., t * tter " ^ lieutenant Hecry finf ; T I _ ^^ « 4 * O , ltWOnl < 1 lvi . ^ , 11 *« V . _«» V , ~ . _ nn 4 . ^^ >

      PcS ^ fet "WBnt ^ Jestch of ^^ Superintendent of feida . *** " ^ ^ ortnnate enough to find him , I tfict -rEO ? be £ b 18 *** pewaa 3 met at the police to ^ ^ tovieeBea to understand that this was a ^ n ^^ ^^^ " ^ "before Yoaproceed in any-^^ r ^ bad better see Mr . Henry . " I therefore , fca ^ jo ewoinaB . Trithsome ' » itne »« J > tomeetmeths « HiTffi ^ ' * ° d * e "sronW "'aitOT the Ueutenant * aap ^ l ! «*» B » a him in . I explained the cas « , isd th ^^® 3 ^^^ ae hardship it would tove been ) cs vhJ ** & been made fertile four [ pounds balance , iK » S ^ ^ "" ^ s <* Nf « n * of deck ; when flie fcfe a ^ hiTbgnotha . gl ^^ buid tiave fceen thrown ¦ fc 4 * i * v » ^ ' Biti her a 6 " 5 * 31 children , -vrithout home , w f- *™ - a Enpencs , when , very possibly , * he had ^ wa been ten miles from her home ; that 2

      Untitled Article

      thought it tronid be -well to have the fello"wa brcUiht up for swindling ; and that I intended to lay the Cise before the Home Secretary . At this last remark , he start « d , and n * k « 3 me . ' What he had to do with the Home Office , —that he was not appointed by the Home Office' 1 said , I did not intend to complain of his conduct to the Government ; but it was truly surprising to hear him say that he was not appointed by tbe Home Office , while hi 8 billB , Btnck Upon the walls , stated that he was appointed by the < Joveinment' The litutenant , after considering upon the case , and representing , amongst other things , that , although there was good proof as to how Messrs . Robinson and their tools bad acted , it would be difficult to convjet , as they -wonl d find persons to swear the contrary . '

      He then proposed to Bend an officer with Mrs . Bradley to the office- This be did ; ana when the insolent and brutish fellow found they were in a mess , he instantly said , ' It was understood that a bargain had been struck , so as to leave the balance stated , but having found out the mistake , they were ready to take them for the £ 14 10 s . ' which they acknowledged to have received . The return of the whole sum however was insisted on ; and after an-inner-qffux consultation , and being informed of what I liad threatened t © ao , viz . To have tbem brought before the magistrate for swindling , that morning , if the money was not paid down to the woman , ' it was instantly returned , and ahe went and paid the £ 12 10 a at the other office , where I had barzained for her , and she saSed directly by the ship' Csmbridga '

      * ' Sir , among many complaints , I found that the general opinion is , that a law ought to be passed for regulating the engaging of passages to foreign ports ; and that licenses ougkt to ba granted to proper persons-At Jeast . an investigation ougnt to take place immediately into the general mod * and mauB-gerueni of these affaiiB ; for the cruelty and imposition is beyond calculation . Would my business permit me , 1 would , at my own charge , stay at the poit , watck the proceedings , and make a report " In the meantime , I shall be most g lad if yon could conveniently communicate -with Sir James Graham , verbally or hj letter ; and I feel confident that this statement of the case , although most hurriedly drawn up , is sufficient to arouse your kind and benevolent heart , and to eanse yon to make an effort to pnt an end to conduct so vile , so cruel , and so oppiessive . " 1 have the honour to remain , Sir , * ' Yours , most respectfully , "L . PlTKETHL-X . "

      The facts connected with this case , brought so immediately under my own cegnJziEce , made a deep impression on my mind ; and -when 1 at last made arrangements to " go out , " I determined to make myself fully acquainted with the practices and condnct pursued towards Emigrants , both on shore , and when crossing the broad Atlantic . l ? or this purpose 1 made many inquiries , and obtained mnch information , when at Liverpool ; of -whica more hereafter : and 1 also determined to take my passage among the crowd , so that might not only see , bnt feel , the common treatment to which pooi Emigrants ars subj-cted . I am now glad I did so , ether-wise many focis with which I became but too -well conversant , both on Hiy outward and homeward passage , wonld have been unknown . I shall make them pnblic , in the hope that they wi ! l lead to m altered Btate of things , much to the benefit of th « j Emigrant .

      During the period 1 bad the tour in contemplation , I held an extensive correspondence with personal friends in the States for my guidance , and in order that I might arrange matters so as to proceed throngh theconntry with as mnch fatality , comfort , and advantage as poBsibla This indnced me to taks the ronte of ¦ which a sketch will be hereafter given- Among the correspondence referred to was a letter from my friend Dr . Smflea , Of the city of Rochester in the State of Ifew York , which was published last summer , » nd which had an txitnsive circulation and txcited mneh interest , in < jonseguence of a suggested combined plan of emigration , for the carrying of which into effect several societies in England have been formed . Alore of this however , hereafter

      My ronte , generally speafcing , was as follo'VS ; — I landed al Boston , in which city and its neighbourhood 1 remained a few days , and then proceeded to Providence , the capital of Rhode Island , and to Stonnington . Prom thence , by steamer , np the Straits which divide Long Island from the Main tend which is often called the East B ver ) to New York ; from which I proceeded along the Stiver Hudson to A' ^ aty , and onward to the Shaker village at New Lebanon , bordering on tbe State of Massachusetts , from htre I returned partly by a different route to Albany , and proceeded to the Wt-st by railWBy throngh Schenectady , "Utica , Syracuse , Auburn , < fcc , to B&chesttr ; then t « Lockport and Buftalo by packet ; next on Laka Erie by Dunkirk , Astabula , Pairport , Painesville . Cleveland ,

      Sandusky and other places in the State at Ohio , I then crossed over tbe Lake , and landed at Maldon , in Canada ; next to Detroit , capital of Michigan , 'which Stats 1 crossed in its full extent At St . Josephs I V » k steamer fo ? Chicago , State of Illinois , in the district of which I itmrined some time . I then proceeded to Bscine , in Wisconsin territory , and onward to Rochester , Jin "Wisconsin ) , Troy , fcc , returning by Miltrankty . I there took the steam-boat once more asd proceeded by tbe Fox and Beaver Isles on the north-west &b <«© © f tbe State of Michigan , passing the Straits of Michillimacinac , ( which divides the State of Michigan from Wisconsin Territory ) , into Lake Huron , where we soon reached the Island of Mackinaw , —a contraction of the name of Micbillimacinac , — thence to tbe large island of Soia Blank ,

      landing on the east coast of Michigan , at a small settlement called Presque Isle ; from thence to the rapids of St Clair , crossing Saginaw Bay . At the entrance to the rapidB is Fort Gratiot Thence passing through Lake St . Clair , we arrived again at Detroit , and went by the Lake Erie to Bnffalo . From here I ¦ went by BVeimer and railway , passing Black Hock , Grand and JJavy Islands , with Scfclvsstr and Chippewa { the principal scenes in the Canadian revolution ) to the Great Palls of Nisgara ; from which I proceeded to Drummondsville , at Qneenston , in Canada ; crosstd the great river to Lewiston , and took Railway to Lockport , and from thence proceeded onward by canal packets i « Rochester , and by proYions ronte to New York . From that city I again set sail for Encland .

      I have considered it proper to give this introductory outline of my Tour , " before the " Notes" taken during it , are commenced publishing . When the latter are finished , a series of © bservations and nflections will follow , in which I shall endeavunr to make the reader acquainted -with th » impressions which the facts I have collected have made on my mind ; and also endeavour to apply the informatiosi so acquired to a practical purpose , having for its object and end the benefit and well-being of the poor Emigrant , driven by " hard times" from his native land . 1 flatter myself that when the whole is completed , a mass of information net hitherto accessible will be in the hands of the people . If that shonld , in only a slight degree , subserve their interests , and lead to benefit , my object and aim will ¥ 9 answered .

      I am , my friends , Yours , devotedly , L . P 1 TK . ETHLT . -Hnddenfield , March 27 th , 2843 . P . 3 . —In tbe course of the above introductory letter , I have alluded to a communication , received from Dr . John Smyles , of Rochester , State of New York , whieh his excited considerable attention . Believing that it will be found to contain valuable information , of immediate practical ubb to the " ont-going " emigrant , independent of the " suggested plan" before spoken of , I have given it entire . The writer is a man of extensive information , acknowledged ability , and has had a many years experience in tbe United States . He is cousin to t&e Editor of the Leeds Times .

      TO 2 iK . L , PITKETHLY . 1 received with mnch pleasure your letter of the 4 tb of October , 1841 . Although it is twelve years since 1 last saw you , 1 had no difficulty in recognising the old friend with whom 1 first formed an acquaintance in London . "yon B » y you piave written to me twice or thrice . 1 regret I did not get your letters , as it would have gratified me mnch to have kept up a correspondence with you . 1 should have liked especially to have heard from you during tbe sitting of the National Convention , of which you was a member . Its proceedings particularly

      interested me , and 1 seldom saw an English paper , on the intelligence and veracity of which I could rely . Tiie American jo-umals , 1 regret to Bay , 88 a Whole , -were not over friendly to the Chartist * , and their actioiis in detail they seldom noticed . A stray Northern Star , or a Leeds Times , conducted by my cousin , were tbe only sources of information 1 received , and even these , being like angels' visits , " few and far between , " I -was often ltft in ignorance of the real state of the popular movement in Engiand- In the country "where 1 live—so far from Ne"W York—an English paper is at all times a rare affair ; & radical one , lo use a homely Scotch sayins , " is a sight for B&ir een . "

      1 still remain as radical as ever ; nay , probably I am more deeply dyed in the wool than when you first knew me . Ytt this country , or lather a resilience in it of years , often changes the political opinions of old country r adicals . One sees so little of real practical republicanism , that some are apt to become disgusted , and because of a li ttle disappointment , almoBt become Tory . But to my mind , thiB is bnt a skin-deep view of things . A people just set up for themselves on a new principle , cannot act with perfect vrisdom at once . It won ] d be aJBsnrd to « rpect it ; bnt so long as they posseM sufficient intelligence to retain in th « lr own hands tile power of change , time will correct the many abuses that have crept into their legislation . Tbe greatest evil inte whieh the American people have fallen , is

      that of having allowed wealth an undue influence : Po ? years back , wealth alone has been legiBlitted for . Throughout tbe Union , in OTerj state , legiilatoTi reemed t » meet for no ot&er purpose than to enact laws to enhance ita power and influence . Hence corporations an * monopolies of all kindi sprung up year * Tter year , like mushroomB in September . It appear * to me now , however , that the peopled eyes are opening to the tact , that no man , or body of men , are entitled to any privilege or right , beyond tbe right of citileBsbip . The foundation stone on -which tbe whole superstructure of their system wai bnilt , wfl * , that all men were born politically , and In the eye of ail law , free aria equaL In their declaration of independence , this fundamental truth was the starting point , bnt evei Mnce , in action , it has been lost sight of . Special , or

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      cl&Bs legislation , has obtained Ho a great extent , and unless the evil be remedied , our institutions will become a mockery and a byewprd . Wealth will rule as surely and as certainly as it ooas with you . I sometimes think , in the present Btate ef tbe intelligence and morality of the most advanced people , it will do so yet for sses ; but I nevertheless Btrusjgle against its inflaence , whether ¦ wisely or -well , is a problem . Where tbe intelligence of the masBBB is unequal lo tbe foil understanding of tbeir system of government , it is B simple and easy matter to cajole and deceive them , so as t » render their productive powers mbservient to advance special intereEts . I think it must be conceded that tbe furm of our government was in advance of the intelliligence of the people—hence the many anti-republican

      institutions that they permitted to grow up everywbtie . They are the poisonous vines that have slowly and stealthily crept up the tree of liberty . Unless pruned off , they will surely destroy ita vitality . That such will not be their fate , I feel a fervent hope , enlivened and cheered , by what I have observed since came to this ooniitTy , of the deBire of the people to correct abuses which designing and selfish men have willingly encouraged , I cannot bat entertain the belief that & : 1 Will yet go welL The productive classes are firm and determined republicans . They have been so often misled by cunning politicians , they are daily becoming awakeued to the fact , that they must understand Government in all its relations themselves , and not take the dictum of travelling orators as the standard by

      which to act and judge in politics , economy , and finance . Tbey begin to study these matters , and think and act on their own responsibilities . Tiiese branches of knowledge too are being taught in our common schools—a thing hitherto neglected in all countries—and in this lies the political salvation of the people . Indeed , among the rising generation , a knowledge of government is becoming a primary part of education ; esteemed in thiB country more essential than all else . Without a thorough understanding of what it i 8 , I look upon the mere right of Suffrage and the Ballot as of small amount , and probably of doubtful good . England is about the s » me size na this State . Suppose by the -wand of the enchanter the population of the first was at a moment ' s notice crowded within the area

      of the last , with tbe same productive means , and all the rights of citizenship conferred upon them . In the present state of their knowledge , do you think they would be much better off ? Not at all . The same inequality of condition wonld soon exist , and the masses have to beg to be permitted to labour , many of wbom would not be so permitted , but wonld die of starvation . The Charter , as a mere instrument to confer rights , Bucb as voting for a representative , 4 c , would do little good to the people of England in itself . It is the revolution that it would necessarily bring about —the destruction of » splendid bnt frivolous and useless gOYfcimnent , Which all their earnings are taxed to support—the annihilation in some way of tbe national debt—the abrogation of the laws of primogeniture—and

      the permission of the more equal division of the soil among tbe many . A universal interest must take the place of special interests , and the education of the people , and not tbeir ignorance , must be tbe object of legislation . If the state of intelligence is sneb , that the suffrage might be conferred aud yet wealth and its influence , privilege and prejudice , maintain their sway , the liberty of all to vole would be a grand evil . When a man has fcis children starving at homo , let him be ever so conscientious , a loaf of bread will buy his vote . Nature will speak more thunder-toned than patriotism ; or rather , addresses to his patriotism . Do not faney me tinged with Toryism , because 1

      discourse thus . No ; but I have studied the matter here , ¦ where what yon are fighting for is in operation , and I have long discovered that s people ruay be given all tbe rights of freemen , and yet not maintain themselves such . The right to vote , without tbe right to labour , I cannot understand . To be unable to obtain the permission to do so , is tbe same thing in my eyes , for laws that will bring about » r preserve a state of things that necessitates many to ask and be denied the right to live by labour—to preserve a mere physical existence—is area < ifui to contemplate here , and yet I havo Sfcfcn it m » re than once in our crowded cities . What will it be a century hence , if the people do not look to it in time ?

      But I must now reply more directly to your letter , or you will tire of my philosophising . In regard to Wisconsin Territory , I never was there , but many of my countrymen and friends from this quarter have YiMt&d it- From the account given by all , it must be a noble country , with a soil and climate fitting it ad-Mirably for English settlers . Ita situation on tbe map i s such , that you can ship either to New York er New Orleans , and receivt from either place supplies in return . In climate , it approximates nearer to England than any other part of America . Tbe section J now live in is too cold , full six months of winter , and I dislike this very much . This is a dreary time for us farmers to sit by tbe fire-aide . Aa you remark in your letter , any kind of land may be bad in Wisconsin , prairie , wooded ,

      or part wet , although 1 fancy not much of the last All of it is said to be better adapted for growing wheat than any other part of the Union . In population it is rapidly increasing , and will , in a year or two , become a state . By all means come and see the country before you determine on anything ; but from a knowledge of your former active life , I should predict it would not suit your disposition to aetUe down in the wildurness of the far west to the cultivation of tbe soiL There would not be sufficient to keep in play your active mind , unless , indeed , you brought iooo people witb you—combined their labour in agricultural pursuits for your mutual benefits—you to reap for the capital advanced a fair return , and tbey for the labour spent an equal equivalent ; and if . you

      even gave to the last , as it ought to have , the largest share , in tbe end you would reap a rich reward . A reward that would gladden the hardest heart , to see 1080 people independent aud happy , and you with a property aTsrays improving , and interest enough to save you from any loss in the outlay of capital . I have no doubt all this could be accomplished , if one hail means enough to start and carry through tbe scheme , and without losing a farthing . Another plan might be adopted with probably a better chance of success . It is one I have long thought ot , and yon are tlie rerf man to put it in execution and carry it through , it is this . To establish an agency in England , Scotland , and Ireland , for the purchase of a million of acres in Wisconsin , at government price , about five shillings ,

      English money , per acre , every subscriber to be entitled to a quantity of Jand , from five to a thousand acres , according to tbe amonnt of money subscribed That a company might be formed by an enterprising man for this purpose , 1 have no deubt ; ana Wisconsin is jast the place for such a scheme- There , any quantity of land could be had , and that , too , fitted for every kind of purpeBe . Water privileges , and every other facility afforded in abundance ; and , as I before said , the climate well adapted for Englishmen . At the present crisis in England , there must be many small farmers who wonld be glad to join such an association of friends and countrymen , btfore the last of th « r means is expended in taxation . They only want , I am persuaded , a leader ; one to point out the way ,

      show the advantages of the scheme , and be , as it were , the pioneer in tbe business . The individual members of tbe company might bave their choice of tbe kind , as well as the quantity of land , and the price be appraised according to its relative value , and the privileges attached to it In tbis way , the best would bring a little over tbe cost price to pay expences of survey , agency , &c , and the worst would be sold for less . Tbe object would be to bentnt the condition of all , and not suoBerre individual interest To form a community of countrymen and friends , an extensive social circle of these in the west , to be away from tbe misery that is making rapid approaches to every man ' s door at home , would be worthy of a Howard . I am satisfied , after yon have seen Wisconsin , and bad some personal talk with me here , when you come over in tbe spring , you will embrace the plan . It is tbe very thing to give employment to your native enerfl' and activity ,

      and 1 feel assured it would be the means of rescuing many from the misery of poverty , that must speedily come upon them if they remain at home . Besides , if an association like tbis was formed , many would immigrate who stay at home . They would Dot then have to dread being left among strangers in a far land , but would mingl e with , and be sustained by , old familiar faces , to-vr . smen , and countrymen . The Canada Company have long acted upon tbe plan I bave sketched ; but they kave done it to make money as monopolists , and succeeded even in this , although they could offer no political privileges to the people , beyond what they bad bad at home . The soil and climate , too , is every way inferior , particularly the latter . As regards bringin ? seeds , roots , trees , < fcc . this is of no a-e at all . These thingB can be had , and at a cheaper rate , btre . A person ought lo bring noUiing with him bui industrious habits , and as much capita } as he can scrape together .

      After seeing America , if you think tbe plan feasible , and capable of accomplishment , i t would be a good thing to write out a plain and true account of tbe conntry , its soil , products , &c , and lay it , through the columns of some influential journal in England , before the public . Indeed , if yon know of any paper who -wonld pay a trifle for such information—as much ax would cover my expenses in travelling west—I wonld gladly accompany yon when you come here . 1 have been long accustomed to ' write for the pt # s , and my long residence here , enables me to give much information on American matters , hitherto but slightly touched on , if touched on at all . I mean information of interest to the farming class of tie old country , and they ate seldom addressed by onr fashionable American tourists . You say truly , when 70 U remark , that little dependence is to be placed on English writers on

      America . With very tew exceptions , their books axe the most trashy affairs that ever wounded the vanity of a vain people , or administered to the prejudice or ill nature of tbe English Tories . Nearly all of them evince the most consnmmate ignorance of the character of the yeomanry of this country , nevertheless this is the class whose noble impulses give tone and vigour to the aational character—and they are the real bulwarks of American liberty . "Who , amongst these flippant manufacturers of booltt , have made it their objtct to study the habits , the feelings , tbe desires , and the capacity for action of ; the Yankee farmers ? Did tb » -writers go among them , and make these a study ; observe the wwearied industry , the temperate and virtuous tenor of their conduct , their general intelligence , and the honest independence after which tbeir spirit craves ? No ; but frittering away time among small parts of Bociety—among those who ape the

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      vicious habits of the European aristocracy , which their means are unable to support ; they , after a few months , conclude to give a sketch of America aud tha Americans , as if they knew about it aud them . For the most part all thoy spend their wit in pencilling the corrupt productions whicb result from the exotic plants borrowed from the old world ; but those of a nobler growth , indigenous to the boH , are thought unworthy of notice . To estimate , correctly , tbe genuine American , and the effects of the institutions , under which be lives , in forming his character , one must abide among the farmers of every degree , who bold from twenty-five to fifty , one hundred or two hundred acres ; and who work the soil they

      OWD . Find out , that it is the ambition of all to become possessed of a piece of land , which the poorest can call bis own , and observe , in consequence , the influence of republicanism , on the more equal division of the soil among the people . Contrast the system which encourages this , and permits the attainment of the former objects of human industry , with that which prevails in England , where wealth is produced but to be unproductively Consumed in ostentation , pageantry , and tomfoolery . No ; this would not do . It would be to stab to tbe very vitals , tha artificial and abhorrent system that obtains , not only in England , but over all old countries , and lend a glorious aid to tbe millions now struggling for political salvation ; but this ib far from being tbe ol'jsct of such writers .

      I bave thus , my dear sir , written you a long letter . Probably , although I have had tiiue to write it , you may not have to read it I do little else but write , and I know you are always busy acting . 1 have a farm three miles from Rochester , and in the winter time especially , I have little to amuse me at night but to write . It pleases niyse . f , if it does no one else . I am far from being rich and great , aa you suppose , but I am sufficiently independent to do pretty much aa I like ^ II caring for nobody , if nobody cares for me . " If you reach New York in May , you will find me at No . 78 . Franklin Street , at my brot&ers—if before , or after , here—and be sure to call on rae most folks in Rochester can direct you to my reaideuce . Meantime , 1 am , my dear sir , Yours , respectfully and sincerely , John shvles . State of New York , Rochester , February 1 , 1812 .

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      LEEDS—Housf . bufaking—At an early hour on Tuesday morning lust , the residence of the Rev . Charles Clapham , incumbent of Arnitey , was entered by thieves , who bored a hole with a brace and bit , and by that means unbolted the door , The thieves obtained for a booty several articles of silver plate , including spoons , buk&i' tongs , a wine strainer , a small box , a fruit knive marked " B . Clapham ;" some placed articles , including decanters frames , douters , toddy ladles , and candlesticks ; some pewter articles , and a brown silk umbrella . The robbery would go far to show that thi& neighbourhood is infoKted with a daring gang of thieves—the system of " borinft , " from the noise which it necessarily makes having been laid aside for some years .

      Sudden Dcath of an Infant . —On Saturday evening last , an inquest was held at the house of Mr . W . Penuiston , the Woolpacks Inn , Little Loudon , to enquire touching the death of an infant named William Irving , residing at Little London . The child was two mouths old , aad had been rather poorly on Wednesday last : it was found dead in bed on Thursday morning , without any marks of violence , or without any suspicion of any thing being wrong . Verdict—*• Died by the visitation of God . " A Disorderly . —On Saturday last , a man named John MKenna , was fined 20 -. and costs , by Messrs . Wright and Musgravo , at the Court Uouise , for having 00 the previous evening , while intoxicated , at the Cross Keys , in Water-lane , drawn a knife , and treatened to stab the landlord , for refusing to fiil him auy more ale . lie was sent to Wakefield for a month in default of , payment .

      Assault on Females—On Monday last , an old Scotchman , named John Thompson , residing in Brewery Field , was brought before tho sitting Magistiates , at the Court House , Griffith Wright and . James Musgrave , Esquires , on a charge of having feloniously assaulted two little girls , named Martha Whitaker and Elizabeth Tate . Tne old wretch , who looked upwards of sixty , lived neighbour to the girls , one of whom had neither father nor mother . He has been in the habit of going to the the house of one of them during her rister ' s absence at w « -rk , and on Friday morning at seven o ' clock , was shown to have committed the offence with which he was now oharged . The outrage on tho other girl took place about a month ago . The Magistrates fined him £ 4 and costs ; or in default of payment , to go two months to Wakefield House of Correction . '

      Ovebsbehs of the Poor . —On Saturday last , the magistrates of this borough held a special sessions at the Court Bouse , for the purpose of appointing overseers of the poor for tae township of Leeds and the various out-townships , for the ensuing year . There wore present—The Mayor ( in the chair ) , Griffith Wright , Esq ., James Muegrave Esq ., Henry Hall , Esq ., Anthony Tetley , Esq ., Joseph Robert Atkinson , Esq ., Richard Brauiloy , Esq ., Haraer Stansfeld , E * q ., Ralph Markland , E-q ., Edward Baines , Esq ., James Holdforth , Esq ., George

      Goodman , Esq , D . W . Nell , E ; -q ., and Thomas Hebden , £ « q . Before proceeding to business , Henry Hall , E-q ., addressed his brother magistrates and recommended to their adoption the plan agreed upon last year , of choosing an equal number from each party , so as to avoid all appearance of making the office a political one . Edward Baines . Esq ., cordially concurred in the arrangement ; he had watched its operation during the past year , and it had been found to work well . The following are the parties in whom the office of overBeer was then vested for the ensuiug year : —

      LEEDS TOWNSHIP . Mrfl Hill . —Mr . William Reinhardt , druggist , Briggate ;; Mr . James Wales , silversmith , BoarlaDe . West . —Mr . Peter Law Atkinson , Hanover-place ; Mr . Luke Marsh , Qieen ' a-square ; Mr . W . Avens , Skinner-street . North West . —Mr . John Daniel , Cobourg-street ; Mr . Matthew Johnson , Brunswick-street . North . —Mr . John Metcalfe , Trafalgar-street : Mr . Joseph Broadhoad , Lowerhead-row . North East . —Mr . Thomas Weddall , St . Peters' - pquare , paper-stainer ; Mr . James Phillips , Mr . Gervase Horsiield , Beckett-street . East . — Mr . Wm . Burrows Hainsworth ; Mr . James Craddock . Kirkaate . — Mr . Richard Stead , maltster , Kirkgate ; Mr . James Linsley , grocer , Briggate .

      South —Mr . Jeremiah Scott , Bpirit merchant , Waterloo-street ; Mr . Thomas Walsh , marble

      mason . OUT-TOWNSHIPS . Armley— Mr . R . W . Simpson , Mr . S . W . Hunslel— Mr . Wm . Bailey Holdsworth , Mr . Samuel Petty , Mr . John Rothery , Mr . John Rayner . Holbeck . —M . t . Joseph Isherwood Whalley , Mr . Wm . Naylor , Mr . Emmanuel Briggs . Mr . Tbomas Crossland . > Beeston . —Mr . Richard Crossley , Mr . James Ingham . Wortley— Mr . Benj . Barton , grocer , Mr . George Hepper , gentleman . Farnley . —Mr . John Ingham , Mr , James Troughton . :

      Bramletf . — M . T . Robert Wood . Rodley-road , Mr . Robert Clough , Mr . Robert Wood , saddler , Mr . James Walker . Chapel AUerlon . —Mc . Vivian Procter , Mr . Wm . Watson . Headingley , —Mr . Joshua Benn , Headinsley , Mr . Joseph Whitaker , Kirkstall . Potternexvton . —Mr . Wm . Stubbs , butcher ; Mr . Hutchinson Gresham , pawnbroker . The appeal days were fixed for the last Thursday in May , August , ; November , and February ; and the special sessions , for passing the accounts of the overseers for the past year , were fixed for Thursday next , the 13 th instant .

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      A New Theory . — "A new and startling theory as regards the painful duration of human life , appears in a little book called * TheExtraordinary Lite and Times-of Thomas Parr , ' generally called Old Parr , this little work , besides the said theory contains much that is instructive and profitable , as regards the meaos of ensuring good health , and all may bo obtained gratuitously of any agent for Parr ' s Life Pills—a medicine which is rapidly superseding all others , as it has never failed to conquer the most inveterate disorders .

      Rural Advbntube . —In an evening last week one of the rural police was going down a rather solitary road between Lenton and Radford , when he beard a slight noise , sounding like a suppressed groan ; he went up to the spot , aa near as he could guess , from whence the noise proceeded , and called out •* Who ' s there ? " he was answered by some animal jumping up , and giving him a dreadful bite on the thigh . The poor fellow , muoh frighteued , took to his heels , and ran away as fast as he could j he felt himself growing very faiat , when he luckily met a brother rural , to whom be communicated what had just occurred ,

      and wished him to go and see what it was that bad bitten hira , bnt , in our opinion , he acted wisely in thinking " the better part " of valour was discretion , " and refused , and went home instead with the poor man . By the the time he had reached home his trousers were soaked with blood , and the wounds he bad received were from most tremendously large teeth . A surgeon was sent for , and the man has been ill in bed for several days . The next morning some persons , on proceeding to the spot of the preceding sight's adventure , found a dead ass . —Nottingham Review ,

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      HARMONY HALL . LETTER IV . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . SIR , —In accordance with the statement contained in my last letter . I now give in detail , some of tbe procesdings of the Rational Society at tbia establishment , in order that your readers { may have before tbem tbe experience tbe society bave gained with regard to practical operations on the land . ; Wben the estate was taken in 1839 a consultation was held to determine wh | at coarse should next be adopted . Mr . Owen , who well knew by practical

      experience that no good result ; would arise , unless every arrangement was complete , and in order , and the energies of the members were rightly directed , advised in the in the first instance that it should be used as an ordinary farm , and all tbe funds , then at the command of the society should be applied to putting the land in the highest possible state of cultivation , and that the most strenuous efforts should be made to procure a large supply of funds , wherewith to provide every necessary convenience before anf members were called to it , as he knew that they must , of necessity , become the reflex of the circumstances by which they ehonld be surrounded .

      The popular excitement for commencing practical operations and tha enthusiasm and zaal of some of the leading members of the society , contributed together to overpower this advice , and * as Mr . Owen well knew that experience would be forcible , and the most direct teacher , he offored no objections to their course , but resigned the office of Governor , to which he had been elected , in favour of a more sanguine person , and ^ a draught of about forty persons was made . These parties commenced their task with a zeal and energy which clearly exhibited tbe honest intention with which they came to it , and they showed themselves , in their respective departments , to be highly qualified for the purposes for ' which they were selected ; but tbere was an absence of { that general and full

      comprehensiveness , of so large au undertaking , which was absolutely necessary for successful results , aud after progressing for a considerable period , straggling through a great number of difficulties , providing some better circumstances for their future comfort , and working most industriously at their ! various occupations , the leading parties came to the resolution , that it would be highly desirable tbey should again bave the counsel and advice of Mr . Owen , witbjpigard to the course tbey ought to pursue . ilp ? Mr . Owen immediately advised a great change to be made , and that the operations should be limited to the narrowest possible extent , until a larger supply of funds was at the command of the society , and this coarse waa adopted , aud matters were restricted to the narrowest point , up to the meeting of Congress , held in Manchester , in May , 1841 .

      At this Congress Mr . O ^ en resumed office of Governor of the QueenwoorJ Community , as it was then called , and proceeded vigorously to re-orjjaniae the strength of the Society , and . to put the land in high cultivation ; he also commenced the erection of Harmony Hall , as the first normal establishment for the formation of the character of ; the human race , on principles entirely different fromj any yet adopted , in any age or country ; principles which , when they have had the opportunity of becoming fully developed , will allow , not only without any cost or loss to society , bat with the greatest possible advantage to every individual concerned in theirjintrdduction , of the establishment of that system of " universal education , and of permanent beneficial employment , whicb formed the subject of my last letter . ]

      Harmony Hall , which was commenced in August , 1841 , was erected at a cost of ; about £ 16 , 060 , and was first used for the Congress , . { which was held in May , 1842 . It was at that period in a very unfinished state , and even up to the present time , some portions are not completed . Everything in this building , which is calculated for the accommodation of about one hundred and fifty persons , is of the most substantial and superior kind . It is constructed on a plan for three distinct divisions , or classifications of the inmates , in accordance with their ages . Tbe front ¦ part of tho building is adapted fwr the younger portion of the residents of both sexes , such as are still unmarried . The centre Is intended for the adult married persons , and contains accommodation for twenty couples , being arranged in

      such a manner that the bedrooms may serve as occasional sitting rooms . The } back of the building was intended for the infant establishment , which at present is held in the bouse built by the members soon after they came down and used as their residence until they removed into Harmony Hall . The building also contains tbe necessary offices for transacting tbe business of the society , of the governor , the matron , and secretary , and good and convenient storerooms for all the purposes of the establishment . There are also in the front division of tbe building large and capacious dining , Bitting , and drawing-rooms , the former adapted to tbe classification of ages of which I before spoke , and the kitchen has already acquired a celebrity for its superior proportions which places it on an equality with any in the kingdom .

      i know it has been considered by many that the erection of this building , and tbe consequent outlay , at tbis period of the society ' s operations , were premature and extravagant ; and tbere waa a short period during which I entertained this opinion ; but subsequent experience has convinced me that tbe soundest , wisest , and most prudent course whicb could have been taken , was to provide a superior residence , where at the least a nucleus of mind should be formed , capable of appreciating the great , noble and enlarged views of the founder of the rational system , and willing , in consequence of the convictions thereby produced , to brave everything in defence of those principles , whicb are capable of conferring such unbounded happiness on tbe human race .

      A great mistake has hitherto always been made , in supposing that a few of the working classes can advantageously associate , without superior circumstances , in a manner that shall enable them to cope with the capitalists , who are often supposed to be tbeir natural enemies ; but this mistake has readily been corrected by the proceedings which have taken place here . We now see that the permanent happiness of every individual is only to be obvained by tbe general happiness of the whole of the human family being secured ; and we likewise see the manner in which this can be done . Education and employment . must become tbe

      regenerators of the human race , and this education must be founded jon ascertained principles of nature , and given i equally to every child that shall be placed within combined operations . Already we witness tbe vivifying effects of superior circumstances , fmore especially ; on the minds of the rising generation . They are acquiring strong physical constitutions , free and happy dispositions , healthful pleasant countenances , and mental and moral qualifications , which attust strongly the truth of our fundamental principle , that the character of ; man is formed for him and not by him . :

      With regard to the land , our farms are now getting into the best cultivation of any in the neighbourhood , and we are anxieualy desirous of calling ou a Sufficient number of our feliowmen , to come and partake with us the pleasure and delight which is afforded by preparing for the great and mighty change , which notwithstanding every obstacle that can be opposed to us , must Boon arrive . ' Aa I stated in my last , we could now locate some hundreds , and shall do so , as j soon as the necessary funds and other circumstances are at our command ; but the great object of our undertaking must be to exhibit to the world a specimen of what can be done by the scientific combination of land , labour , skill , and capital , well and wisely directed .

      One well-arranged , -well-conducted combination upon a sufficiently extensive scale , actuated by the true principles of tbe Rational System , jwill produce auch conviction on the minds of all wh » visit it , as shall secure tbe adoption of the system on a national basis , and every effort must now be made for this being done without delay . j We are layicg out about twenty-seven acres for a garden and orchard ; ami tbe progress which is making in this department , is of the most satisfactory kind and character . In the course of a comparatively short period we shall have tbe moat superior circumstances in these respects that have yet I been combined , and if we increase the extent of the combination in a proper ratio , there will be an economy and a return for the capital embarked , that will throw every other means of producing wealth into the shade ;

      In the progress towards tbis state of things we must use every energy , and subdue every personal feeling ; eelf-denial , in the common acceptation of the term , is absolutely necessary in the highest degree , from every individual v » ho proposes to become a pioneer of the Rational System ; but this self-denial is amply compensated by daily witnessing the progress which is made in the introduction of a superior jnode o ! life , for themselves , tbeir families , and eventually for the whole of tbeir feliowmen . ! We have commenced an educational establishment as & meana for affording the best opportunity of training future members for tbe system , and for assisting in meeting the outlay incurred ; and ias soon as our general arrangements will permit , we shall commence some description of manufactures , so as to give the largest possible amount of employment .

      No one mast imagine from the outline I have given that the point to which we have now arrived is to be obtained without considerable difficulty , requiring the Continual exercise of prudence , cautkn , and foresight , with strong determination , firmness , and love of order . These , and many other qualifications , are highly necessary for the introduction of a system that has been and for a time will be , in opposition ] to all the prejudices and errors of old society ; and with respect to the future we most and do expect far higher trials than any that have yet been encountered . Bat the happiness or misery of tbe world is depending on the progress we

      make , and this must and will stimulate every individual who bean of our proceedings , tol uk in what way he can further the great cause w « have in hand , and an irresistible union will soan be formed , that shall secure every advantage we require . j In my next letter I will give » n ] &ccotmt of themaxmes in which tbe members resident ! in the establishment spend their time . I am , sir , \ You obedient servant , William Qaliik . Hsrmony Hall , near Stockbridge , Hants , March 25 , 1843 , :

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      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAfi . Dsar Sir , —Well knowing yon to be a lover of fair play , and always willing to exposa tyranny in all ita varied forms , I take the liberty of forwarding the following facts , trussing you will give them publicity in your widely circulated journal . On Friday , the Z 7 tU of March , a little before nine o'clock in the evening , as I was passing by tbe police station , in this town , on my way home , I W 3 S stopped by a policeman of the name of Patrick Spellman , who , without the least provocation began pushing me about I asked him if i could not go quietly about my business without being insulted ? Upon which he seized ms by the collar , and . throw me on the pavement . He then picked me np , and again threw jao d » ivn acioss tbe iron curbing

      of the pavement The violence of the fall was such as to render me partially insensible , but I retained sufficient recollection to know that the " rural gent " dragged me inside the police station , and , after being kindly permitted to stand there a few minutes , several of these " rural gentry" deliberately and forcibly pushed me outside the door . I then waited near the place for the purpose of ascertaining whether friend Patrick Spdlmant i whose face , despite his disguise , ( for he was in ceioured clothes , ) I well knew was going out on Dight duty or not . Findiag he waa not , I jproceeded homewards . On the Monday morning following , I applied for a warrant for Patrick for an assault The case came off on Friday last , March 24 th , before Mr . Henry Hill , and Mr . Debane . After I had stated iny

      charge in a plain distinct manner , tbe bead of the " rurals , ' who delights in tha cognomen of Colonel Hogg , cross questioned me at some length , with a view I suppose of shaking my evidence ; but his valuable time was completely thrown away in that respect , as I had no vindictive feelings towards any of the police force , and I appeared before tba magistrates for the sols purpose of seeing whether an inhabitant and a rate-payer if the town was to be grossly insulted without giving the least provocation , and the aggressor was to escape with impunity , merely because he was a " rural policeman . " My witnesses , three in number , one of whom was a policeman , were then called upon , and fully corroborated my statements . The whole of the . witnesses for Patrick were policemen , with the exception cf a little Irish woman , who keeps a lodging * bouse , and who was very particular as to what she swore , and in whose house Patrick lodges ; these witnesses , as many persons present can testify , were bo

      contradictory in their evidence as to create feelings of disgust in almott every one in court One of the force informed the magistrates that when I applied for the warrant , I did not knew tbe man ' s name , for that he was present at the tima I made tbe application . 1 then called upon Messrs . Bache and Lee , two of the magistrates' clerk , one of wbom granted me the warrant , who proved before the magistrates that I applied for the warrant in tha policeman's proper name of Patrick Spellman , before the said p « liceman entered the room . Mr . Debane , one of the magistrates , then told me that be had not the least doubt but what I hsd sta ' ed was correct respecting the injury I had received , bnt that tbe evidence was so contradictory that he bad a doubt as to the identity of the person charged with tbe assault , and that , as a matter of course , friend Patrick would receive the benefit of such doabts . The case was then dismissed , and I bad the satisfaction of paying three shillings for allowing Patrick to iusnlt me .

      I am , dear Sir , Your ' 8 very respectfully , George Bbown , Town Well Fold , Wolverhampton .

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      TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sjr—Having been at Newcastle on Saturday , tb& 25 'h instant , in going down Qate&head , I fell in with a friend , and we leisurely walked over tbe bridge together ; \ , hen about tbe centre of it , we passed by a person begging . After we had gone five- ox sis yards from him , niy friend , tamed quickly round and said , | l Ah ! do you know who that young man is with his hat in his band begging ? " I answered immediately , " No , Sir , who is it ? " " Well , it is poor Cockburn , the Chartist , and he cannot get any work , because he is of that opinion , and his indomitable spirit will not let him . submit , and there you see him , forsaken by his friends , a humiliating spectacle to his enemies , and a . terror to others from following in bis footsteps . "

      I really was paralieed and motionless for sometime , and when recovered , my friend and I went and gave him our mites , with strong feelingB of emotion for the man . who could held to his principles with so much tenacity and zeal , and beard feis very enemies in the midst of so much distress , shivering with cold , and holding out the hand of want to those whom he knew * would rather moc ' j him than relieve his necessities . Are there no humane and Christian Chartists in Newcastle , to take up tbis poor and ail-but blind man ' s cause ? Will no one see that something is done

      for him ? for in bis degradation , every man in the cause is doubly bound to do bo ; no man will pub himself at tbe head of the cause in any town , when Cockburn ' s situation is constantly before his ye . I am not of tbe body of Chartists myself , neither would I , from the situation I bold , be allowed to ba so ; bat . feel strongly that something must be done to alleviate the distress and awful misery of onr country , and I feel assured that no one will attribute thiB letter to anything bat & pare desire to stimulate some kind friend ( say Mr . Sinclair ) , to get np a subscription in » i 4 of this persecuted and spirited patriot A Lover op Humanity .

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      m * TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAB . Sif t . —I trust ' as you last week published ' . wo letters respecting me , signed William Qddy and John Smith , you will allow me tbe privilege of having a few linea more inserted , informing these parties of their duties , and of enabling the subscribers of the money Mr . Peddia has received from Bradford , and which was originally intended to redeem his watch , to ascertain correctly how such money has really been so appropriated . After 1 had read the paragraph which appeared in your paper of the 4 * . h inst . from your Bradford correspondent , charging me with having 33 . 2 d . belonging to Mr . Peddie , I wrote a letter to the snb-Secretary , informing him that I had no knowledge of having snob money , aud that I had paid a sum , but I did not exactly know tbe amount , for interest of Mr . Peddie ' a

      watch at Leeds , on the day the large meeting was held in Marshall ' s factory , at Holbeck , and that I had no remembrance of having received it from either the Bradford Council or Mr . Peddie ' s friend ; but stated if I had , it would be acknowledged in the Association books in my own hand-writing ; and , whether i t was so or not , I requested he would let me know by note or otherwise . Had Mr . Smith complied with my request , which he might have done with very little sacrifice , I should not have written er put yon to the trouble of publishing anything from me ; but instead of this , it appears clear that Mr . Smith , who , I am informed , is your Bradford correspondent ,. had much rather leave his statement unexplained , that he may have frequent opportunities of , making a display of his oratorical powers to the Council concerning it , and of writing letters for publication in yonr paper .

      I assure yon , for my part , that I have no deaire to occupy any space in your Journal more than is necessary , or justice to the accused requires . Had Mr . Smith stated , in the paragraph which appeared on the 4 th instant , for what purpose I received the 3 s . 2 d ., perhaps I might have remembered the time and circumstance—and it would have saved yon and me part trouble . This , I conceive , it was his duty to do , and not to publicly accuse me of haying 3 s . 2 d . belonging to Peddle , and , at tbe same time , fenow he was sending for publication an abominable falsehood , Whiob he must have done , if he had examined the books , as be states in his letter of last Saturday ' s paper , and found the receipt of it acknowledged in my own hand writing . . How be and Mr . Oddy can both have omitted this may appear strange to a many , but it does not * to

      me . Mr . Smith I am somewhat acquainted with , and am not at all surprised at its being bo . I imagine it cannot be possible that Messrs . Smith , and Oddy , and tbeir twelve witnesses , could be bo foelish as to give ma 3 s . 2 d-, unless I had informed them for what purpose I either had applied it , or intended to apply it ; and if I have received it , and paid it , I have no more money belonging to Mr . Peddie than the Emperor of China baa ; or than O'Connor is in possession ot all the money which has gone through his hands , and which he has paid for the defence of the Chartist , victims .

      I ardently wish that the subscribers of this money may continue to prosecute their inquiry until they obtain sufficient satisfaction as to the manner in which it has been appropriated , and that tbe council , including Messrs . Smith and Oddy , may either be found to be so insane as to give me 3 s . 2 d . to apply to my own purpose , or I be exonerated from such a base and unfounded calumny .. Mr . Editor , by publishing the &beve , you will greatly oblige me and my friends , and I trust it will be the last communication I shall bave to forward you upon this charge . ; you must be satisfied yourself , from the above , that it is in consequence of the neglect of yonr Bradford correspondent , in the first instance , that I have thus to trouble you . I remain yours , A determined enemy of those who wish , by

      calumniating others , to obtain notoriety and popularity for themselves , Henry Btjrnett . 13 , Reform-street , Bradford , March 27 th , 1843 . P . s . if Mr . Craig should see or hear of this , be will greatly oblige me if be will inform me fey letter the amount we paid at Mr . Gresham ' s , pawnbroker , Hans * let-lane , respecting Mr . Peddie ' s watch , on the day the large meeting was held in Marshall's factory &fc Holbeck . H . B . [ We moat bave no more of this . oED . 1

      Untitled Article

      -w ^ Fhom Canada , under date of March 12 , we hard an account of another desperate conflict between tha Connaught and Cork men , in which two were shot , besides the cabins of the weaker party being plundered and torn to pieces . The military , afraid o £ the carnage they wonld occasion , had kept &lQQf » but subsequently made several arrests .

      Mocal Attti ©Rcnrral Jenteht'snic*.

      mocal attti © rcnrral jEnteHt ' snic * .

      Untitled Article

      THE NORTHERN ST 4 & 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 8, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1207/page/3/