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Northern Star (1837-1852), 3rd December 1842, Edition 1 of 7, Page 7, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      THE EXECUTIVE'S DEFENCE . 180 , Holborn , Saturday . "Bsothee Democrats , —We regret indeed thaf ¦ we axe under the necessity of defending ourselves and our s . bssE ; colleague from the graTe charges , of frsi : d , swindling , and embezzlement , for "which , were we in other employ , we might be transported . Snch are a few of the charges preferred against us by the Rev . "Win . Hi J , as we are told in his article of Saturday l 2- ? t , that there : 3 more in store f < r 03 ; for -what he ha = already given is only a sample of the tsok . Next weei we shall , perhaps , hare the

      remainder , and , if we mistake nos , we shall be quite prepared to meei them . Thi ; raasser of Mr . Hill ' s treatfn ? the friends of the people ia the cause tf jastice ; this mild and geutleffiS ' -Jj crilieiiin , as he is pleased to call such prodaciio ^ s , snob as defrau tiers , sTvicdJers , and emberi ' irs , moral and political iishonesty , has been called forth , or he pretends it has , through the cosirlifacrory explanation that 3 ir . Campbell has given a . ? to the expenditure of the fauds of the AsHK-auon .

      The explanation then given of the expenditure of a portion of the funds such as came under the head of postaf e and stationery , is ail the explanation -we are enabled _ to give , excepting Mr . Hill will allow £ 5 a ? pace in tne Star for every separate item cf pens , ii . k . papers , sealing wax , waters , postage , cards , and ierrers , and , in fac :, many other = mali matters that are continually framed . Mr . Hi'l called on the coui-try to examine the accounts of the Executive , bivlng fii-t thrown the armosptere of suspicion around us himself by his own censure . Did the country respond to it ? We believe not ; st all events , we k-ow oi none miking a :: ytbii ; g of the son public , excepting ibe delegate mating at the Old Baiky ; and we have-been informed the ncmber of dtlegares were very few .

      Bat this is EOlhicg new , for jit . Hill is only a : his old plaa of denunciation ; the motives whitrh prompt Huca a reddest ind unnnriy an inierfereiite vilh . the characters of men arc bett koowu to himself ; but whatever be the moiive , we cannot shut oar eyes to the mischief it produces in our racks . As to 03 T secretary we will leave rbe country to jndge of his services , and ask them at the same time whether it wonld be possible that any workingman eoald Sad time , as our secretary has often done , to ¦ write £ fty or iixty letters in one day , and sometime ? as manv ~> j rea . i , besides numbering 2 X 00 or 3 ' .-CO .

      cards in a -areek , running backwards and forwards to the post cSie with orders and letters , and to the coach and railway cfiees with cards and parcels , vriia . much , ether izciuciu&l labour , whicb rcce but those who parform could understand the harden of ; indeed so heavy has the business been on his . hands that he has often been obliged to engage an assirian : at his own expense . How . then , -n e ask , is i : F ? S ; ible that susn services could be performed -without the psrtiss performing them being remunerated for their labour ? We presume that ilr . Hill himself , ahhotgh he might be attending a sh : p in London or Miaehesitr , would noi do it without being

      remune-Ba : think not , brother Chartists , that Mr . Hill , in trumping tip h . 3 paltry , yet very respectable ; charges oi' ; 7 rindi : i : £ , defrauding and embezzling the Eoeiety , the poor weaver ' s pence , has no other objvc : ia view than ihzt of ifuardfng the society stains : such practices . >" o , no ; there is other and h ^ hter game in view—there are other men" to be hulled iitvn . Mr . Hill screens im&self behind this rery p : sn-: ble appearance , that hs may take a mere ce / ciy a : m at ibe TictiES he lias SiJeeltd ' . It won ' . ! have been more honourable on the par : of Mr . Hill had he openly and maufally avowed Ms object , and at once openly attacked the parties for whoa his thrust is inieLded , than , coirani-like , take ibe dead'v &un throtu ; ii the person of " our Secre * tarr . " '

      The conduct now pursued by Mr . Hill towards the Executive , brings us back , in sorrowful reflection , : o rimliar c-oiiduc : pursued towards Mr . Philp ; that fe :.: I-: man having recommended the Chariots ioe . rcrraen : o the Birmingham Conference , the . very i ^ . i-c Mr . Hill is now doin ^ himself , broa&'hi himself tn'itr the displeasure of Mr . Hiil . . Now . mirk , brother Chartists , previous to that time , every ac : of the Executive had been praised . Our balance sheet * were before the country at differ-in ; times . No dissatisfaction "was manifested cp&a the part of the Rev . Gentleman ; but becjase llr . Phiip ' s policy did not chime in with Mr . Hill ' s

      v : iW 5 . It &i 5 iilQe necessary to set no OI Him 5 SIIG . Ci ; iSr 5 U £ E " . y , as a aistLcdient child , he was seiecea or . as the rirst victim to be offered , up at the shrine cf the Rev . Gentleman ' s mischief-making and unionc ?~ : Toj : ng propensity . The other members of the Executive stood by Mr . Philp on thai occasion , becaa ?«; they believed aud knew hia to be an henest a ^ d so und h

      On the Saturday previous to the election of . the new ; Executive taking place Mr . Hill accused . FbiJp" oi ,-being a dishonest pul ; ticisn , and net fit to be a member of the Executive . }> 1 t . Philp on the Sundav ' .

      attended a mectiiig a- Newton Heath , ( this : wa ^ afier the sppearai ; ce of iir . Hill ' s denunciation ) at ! which mee ; iag & resoiutiua was passed giving their co ^ Sieiiee io Sir . P-hUp and the Executive . Similar i re-50 iu . tioil 3 "Were passed in Maxicae = ter , one of xhem : perhaps the m » st iEportant ever held in that dis- trict , name . y , the South Lancashire Delegate Meaing , and the other at the Carpenter's Hall . In those resolutions Mr . Philp s namo was diiuncily nentioued ia each resoiu : ion , zui sent to tbo Ilrv . Gcnderaan for insernon . Did he publish

      tDen : \ No . Mr . Phiip ' s name was carefully erased from both ; and when Mr . Jimes Leach applied to Mr . Hill in his c-fSce to know why Mr . Phiip ' s name as a member of the Executive , wa ? erased iiom the resolutions ; thait'ea : icman declared - thai if a thousand reiolutiou * were stit every week . with Mr . Phiip ' s name in them , there fhould not otc \ of them be inserted . Mr . Philp , the -ime week he ; attended Ncwion Heath , a ' -tecaed a meeting at ' : Cacrley . at which he enrolled furty-two mem i bers , uad at which a resolution of cauScence and ' thinks iris tendered xo him and tec : to " the ^ fsi " , tit ihar-d tie fare oi' ibe oiher ; . - i

      Arether resolution vras seat from Merthyr Tydvi ] cisspproving of part of an address iLa : the Extcut : ve issned to the country , tne wordics of which Trssalrertd ty Mr . Hii ! , who headed tie resolution 11 tne Executive .-op . " This joke was truly a rich rae ; Letch , who has done oiie man's share 'in tne advocacy of Chartism ; Leach , who more tLan s : j orher can in this country h- ^ s opposed by his powerial reason and argument the anti-Corn ' Law Ltsi .-ne ; Leach , who has traveled far and near , at t-i-: ; mes and hosr ? . to comb it ' . he lecturers of lha " pir . y , and generally has provt . i tucctrs : ul ; yet thii -C 2 e = i aud jipriijhi Ban has been tancttd fay > Ir . E-: -wi-. h oEcriai ; what he has berE pleased to call a s--p , au-i cot oiily tha :, b ^ i w ; ili being moral !} a ^ j po linca'iy cuconest . _ Brother Chartists , rrS ^ ci well upon those grave ccsccis ; and . abeve all , weigh well the services Mr . Lrscis has readered , in orcenhat you may honestly r-i ^ c whether those cervices , s . t , & his political ia

      <^ -- > ' - ? iei ; ev i : id iniepritv . will not overbiLinea Mr . ^¦ - •^ i ^ tescy a : iniegr :: y , wiU not overbalance Mr . " li :-i * s filie and unfouuGtd assemotis . . > Vicn . il MDouall render a > :-p : o rne Repealeis ? Let LuLciahire and York ? iure , who have been ac- c > :--ar ; ; o hear lall from his lips thrilling s . n-d [ eit-rrt drauEciations ajalr ;? : iha : band or frtc-. ' S--- ^ : crs ci'on the pcKir man ' s labour , sav wheth-. r .

      ai := i : e pi . rs ? n to ener a sop to me free-trader ' M \ L > ccak , whose powenu : ari : umen ; s , and cutting — -Ci ^ ii . Li ? torn to threes tb . d . rasy ivriJ ialiack ^; £ - 'V-ur : ri ; s cf those avaricious de ; : roytrs of " the r . ^ sts c-l industry , whose clear , :. nd , a : the fiat t . nir , tsinfiV and firm exposures of the htll-fpiwn cr * i : i ,. - ir 5 o :-. cfdoa the while sij"e ? o : Ei . £ ; acd , ca : ; ai > i be tLe iiiii ; : o oScr a * op to these irte traviers

      Is hasian £ Trh itid blood . c nasian £ Trh itid blood . No . no ; we have known M'Douall in hij better ¦^ j- ; we ha'e known liim when he had his horse . tv nie , aiid t ;^ have seen him vihtn he had scaJ celv i ci «; io his tack , or a Beai to ta :, « tlii sharins ti ?_ -ii pe . uj rr-. - . a his imu ^ tred jnd opprc .- ¥ ^ d ~ : o ¦ Jii ^^ m-. a ; -we have seen him through a ' . l ibe " iy ^ ovr ^ in-. a ; ? re cave seen mm inrougn e .. i tne

      ?—i > e * of political appearances ever the hsncsi " a :. ii fearless advocate of the poor oppressed , ilia tc-3 mauiy and unilirichii ;;? opponent vf the r ch cppreiiL-r . We hsve . seen him alas an exile i "» c his our try—from his c ' eai wife and child , and all those thu : are most Dear and dear to him ; we revere his mrmory , and , in his absence , neither open -ceor pretended frier . d shall / ssten upon him the c ; . ru > b-TSEc of swindler , fisbiitier , a ^ d drfraudtr . < - 'h I bu : then M'Dcuall ha ? re ceived i . 2 per week f-t o ; ibe TtECS raised irom tfcet ^^^^ e ^ cis ' peE ^ e . H-.: w : nj ; tii : t-c 5 ij ihis truce Las be- -n borrowed , ss if £ - 'r e regard il'Dccah and the Ex ' eeuiive ¦ had fur : e p :-.. r \ 7- _ avers , was to dip their haxiis in the vr--z ~ TZs' rockets and become Aristocrats ou : of their J-: ~ r i-iz ' ce . ¦ 1-e Is ^ : ri ; s e we had the pleasure in . ^ eins in this crsve slc Klcsi rxan '«' ciD : jsriy , we s ^ 'whim pc'l » - ¦ = Ii - - " shil . i ^ a he had cut of Lis pocket , " ind divided -: b :: Tnj ; - ivro pcor weaver ? , borrowing a sixpence ;

      : - ' -2 a fr .-ni : ogi-re to = thirc that was wi -h wce * -. , Mr . H : il calls ftiripg this extra 10 s . to M . 'Pousil ; l- ' --c . and . icbtjziiij ^ of the Sccie : y * s fnL' ^ -S & t ' - 'eskrat ; of' . he rules , aiid , under other cii ^ ™ - 5 "~ fes , would fubjtct the Extcutive ro transf : on- ; his

      -:: i =. We ic ^ parcoc , ana tope he will h ;_\^ e ^ ---7 cv . us ii'J aficr the Eux : asiiies ; in tV c - — * ? - - . " ^ f Ensure tin : we feel = < rr y indeed t > . i - ^ " * - re ^ "i allow h ; ia comethic ^ in his exile , &s weL . £ - - _ s& 3 Eeihii ; i : o support his w :: e i-nc . child . !>; :: _ , lam , -n-e hare broken the roles e ; tha Sociery , Cj ^ a :. owizg Mr . Csnpbtll £ - a -. reek , while- we Vt - re : i .::::. £ . We cei : V : l : a : this is either a fair -j r - - ccr . i-. rcc : « n cf ' th ? mear . irs cf the " 21-t . ""; ¦ ' ^ - '¦ I ' .-h nxr « the salary of the Secreisry z . 1 £ ' 2 ; : " n - ' ' ' L-x ^ d c hdid ir s « k z . nj r-j isc-cable man , iow -- - ; J-i ^ . Lie tiisl 5 ae if ^ irs ot lie S > . civ . tT could be : P : =. . - ^ j- ^ -V "'" , ' , S ^ cr «^ r ? ccz - . ir . uiiiy ae " . i " 3 £ , ' -- ^ . TT OOUid lie libc-LJa ulori ces-.-ribtd be jwr- I

      Untitled Article

      formed without the person so performing them being remunerated I The lS ; h rule says " That the Executive shall be empowered to adopt any measures for the advancement of the objects of this Association as may be consistent with its fundamental laws . " We therefore contend that the fair and legitimate construction put upon this clause should be , that we arc empowered to elect a permanent Secretary , whose salary is fixed by the " 21 st rule . If ar . y thir . g was wanting to confirm this opinion , we would call upon ; he members of the society to ciretuily exitaiue the ruks , and then say whether ir is possible for the organization to extend in the country if we were not to have a permanent Secretary ? Then if a permanent Secretary be necessary , it is otsite evident that it is necessary that we should pay him for his services . And now let u 3 tell you a few fact ? aa to the treatment we have received as an Executive .

      The 2 " 2 ad rule &ays , * ' VS hen members of the Executive shall be employed as missionaries , their .-aliries shall be the same as when employed in the Council : coaL-h-hire and one-half of any other incidental expenees shall be paid to them in addition by Ihe parties who may require their services . " Now we cau prove that ihe above clause has not been adhered to in the localities where we have acted as ) ecrurer =. We give the following samples of its violation : —We went to Birmingham , af : er many strong invitations , and with the understanding that our travelling expences would be paid . On this point , however , wc were completely deceived : instead of our expencer being paid , the Local Council came to a "VOCe that thty would not ailowus one calf-penny , bui that We ihemid be psid from the k « hwi 1 fund , and after being at considerable expense of coach hire and living at Birmingham , we were indebted to the kindness of a friend fur the means to get home a ^ ain .

      We assembled again in London , and met exactly with the same treatment as in liirzmrjgham , with the exception of the vote ; in fact , we were obliged to borrow muney from Mr . Cleave to brinji us home . Wc could lay before you scores of such cases if it were necessary , bu : we tfcii . k the above quite sufficient . 2 Cow , Brother Chartists , it has ever been our sincere desire to keep down differences and disconteup ; it has also been our wish to refrain from making statements of the way in which we have been treated , but unfortunately Mr . Hill has compelled us much again-t our will to do so ; we do it wjrjj sorrow , but there is no other course left for us to defend ourselves from his unjust and foul aspersions . We lilile thought that struggling as we have done for jears in the cause of Liberty , that We should be called moraily aud politically dishonest for endeavouring to do that which in cur judgm ; nt we thought best calculated io promote the welfare of the society and the cause of the people .

      Brothers , for the present we take uur Lave of yru , and call upon you , in your several localities , to examine into tee charges preferred against us , and if , alter a fair investigation , you shonid come to the conclusion that we are no longer worthy of your confidence , express your opinion through the medium of the Star , and we will most willingly retire ; but if , on the contrary , you come to tne conclusion that we are honest democrats , you will , through the same medium , record your Totes . We Jmpaiiendy awaii your verdict . We remain , Yours , in the bonds of union , James Leach , President , Joiln CAjiisiuij ,, siceretsuy .

      Untitled Article

      ON THE PSOPRIETT OF THE WORKIXG CLASSES AIDING THE CORN-LAW BEPEALERS . —IN ANSWER TO J .

      POPPLEWELL , OF ELLAND-EDGE . Sir , —I cannot help feeling great pleasnre that the Erst letter which I wrote upon the above subject should ha ? e created such a general se :. s 3 tii n as I Sod it has , for the Hutject is one of vast import . uiee at the present inomeDt ; fc-1111 cannot help rejrelting that both S . K . and yourself should hsve been so determined to misu :. ' erstunft my intention in the writing oi that letter . Through the whola of your ietter you write upon the a > £ naipi : on that I advise the Chartists to j jin the Corn-Law R-. peaiers for the purpose of putting the Whigs into power again ; when , if you had not been

      determined t- j go -wrong , the commonest attention to my ifcttuT Would have shown you . that I there said— " It bv \ zg tViiiei-t that ihe middle classes will not assist the working classes to obtain taut v ^ ice in the miking of the laws -which sloEe ca :- permanent !} ' better their cond ^' . icn until tbc-y . tiie middle classes , heaj » c alarmed for iLeir own si ' uaiiort , I contend tfchX it is , the duty of the ¦ w vrkiijg classes to endeavour , Ly all means iviihin ihtir potver , to briug about ' a consuiiiuiatiun so devoutly to be wished . '" And I also In that letter reiommended tte Ciiaiiuts to assist in the a $ 5 ta * Sf > n ui \ bt Ri-peai , as t : munis of itziii-j one $ ti of armies , or H . AKASSIXG BOTH OF THEM . > Cuw , s ; r , if you had paid attention to these things yuu might have spared yourself the expence of much viitcons indigestion - » rhictt ;< ou hive veuti ^ l at the idea oi agaia supporting the " base , bloody , sndbrntals , " that wou ' . d have enabled you to have paid more attention to the tcj . 1 questions which ought u > have heuu dUcns = ed in that Jetter . And , as those subjects appear to me of paramount iruportancs , I shall take the liberty of igiin laying them before joa in the sanie form which 1 did in raj letter to S . K . which are as follow : — It will be evident to all -who have read my first letter , that from the motto prefixed to it , and from the composition of the first paragraph , I appeared to doubt the justice or propriety of resorting to any but strictly h ' -r . uurable means for the attaining any grLat object But , I concluded that if the parties with whom we have to do keep no messare of faith , if they resort to anjihics or everything , no matter how tricky or base , to prevent us obtaining our just eeds , I ttitk the end woulu sijjctify the means , even if we did return the co :.-. tnts of the poisoned chalice to their own lips , and he : s : them from their nr < ja&t position by means of their

      Orrn petard . " Now , sir , tbia was or . e of tke positiftcs which you casht either to have endeavoured to controvert , or to have acknowledged . If y ^ u had controverted it . , the whole of the subs- ^ nent reasoning would ntcesiariiy have fallen to the ground ; and if you had acknowlecged it the -whole matter in dispote -weald tU 7 e TfcSa ' .-ffed itStlf into the < J \ l £ s -ion , " vrhtiher ike rtjt'a ! of the Corn Laws icculd h-. tt-s a tendency io catise ihe midd-e t . Ij ** es to bttxtihe u n armed for their oirii siiuaif "; . ' ., wm con ^ e ^ uenvy cause them to join the people tor ihir . i io cbi ' -ii : i i . ai pt-jrer in ihe Legislature tchich . AXD O . \ L Y M'HICH , can prevent the middle classes jrom Irziiij sicui- ' ttced up In theyiiif ojjized payments . '' " Here the whole thing would have been in a nutshell , and if jou had taien them either jointly or sir ^ jy , we fchculd not have been in danger of losing the whole question in a labyrinth cf , at the best , but secor . « iarv con ; -: quences . "

      ¦ The - whoie of the above two paragraphs apply sinctl ; to j-. n , sir . But as you have -written rtuca extraneocs matter I will follow yon through it , and I shall show vou hovr ea » y it is for a man -who -writes -without any £ s- ( 3 principle , to m = take the sice of a cause he is definpirs , - _ nd how be consequently falls into the greatest of absurdities . Yi . u begin bj t- - -Iling me that I am a yeisog man , snd th ^ t w hin I a : n your ace I Eh all know better . Rtaily this aisniEpticE cf SDpericr w : idom does not tell well , . \ r : tb ^ 'Bt yea had shoffn it by more clearly refuting the positions 1 had laken . But , however , I beg to teil yon . tL ^ t I sni :: o chickoc ; ] have cro wn grey in the cause , tavic ; t > een t-K-emj- £ ve Tear * upon trie itsge , ana aitht-Vih Ihe virt I h ^ ve j l = yed c ; uy cot have been as e-- ;; 5 i . icii-us ; ls r ^ nrs , still yen must tcow that ifie bust ^ t vt the it 2 Se-s- ! TccT > rr : s as rccesssjvio the succefis ct

      zl ~ piece as the strut of the trageoy hero ; and that nli our honour censisrs iu " paying -weil" the part :. l ) otted t- > us . It is true that , as the fool saui to Leir , " I oucht to t .- 2 ' -trd forb = ir : g old teivre I was -wise , " ttill it I Ljcel ; htd the harpicets of Hving at yonr iuucbv ^ un-. ed Liverser . ?; -or HeckTuond-n-iie ; ana if I have c -1 la-i the p-riviltce of haTir . g iouie Qriitor to take me i v tte hand and lead me to tie iVet of some political

      Nsittr " ' st rccowned f-r -j-jc aiiJ tcUie ; ' " still in the ourkcit j . 'c ' nt of ths politicil hemisphere , 1 have always . sLone , though -with a faint , yet a stticy light , to show — my vhcrtjbccis . " I acfcno ^ le . ize that -when tts po : iti-, C \ 1 LeUiisphere h ^ s i > ein dear ; -srhen coartclliitiocs of far £ : ci'er br : ^ h = neis have n : a < ie their appt&raECi ; wtcE ' n . ttr . rs c-f Gszziiss sr ^ endv . ur h .. ve Ja . ihed athwart the n . trtr . rs c-f Gszziiss f ^ Iendv . ur h .. ve J ^ hed athwart the

      Ui-ivr-s .. fisintr sll eyes epen their path , I have been cOi ' . t-Itttly lost in the j ; a . ' . iX ; of ti ! e : t ; s' . iil -when I Lave s ' . Turiled fcari , wht : i 1 have dons my little best to sbice , i : is hard Vj reprcath ir . e because I cannot dvc greater li-ht tnan it iiis t . t ^^ cd heaven to grant HiCY ' -a tny that you " -would as soon join the ir . f ? rnal fpirits aj- a means to obtain h-. aven , zz join the Whigs - . v > oi ¦ :..:: ; the Charter . " Ac eld iuttor , whose works I rtct'i ' . ect Teacise scme-where observed that fgures Of fttrch were-cge-Xvols , acd two- ^ cged tools too . Snpr-:-sr ibzn that these icf-rcal spirits -were ycur createst obstacles to yrur octainicg heaven ; scd suppose that in : hciT ii . fcrral wisdom , they were coEtemplaucg seme B :.. st £ - .-s : t » ke cf p . licy , which , as they thoncht , wss to : ref tiit ycer ever attaining felicity ; and Etsppose th ^ t you-w ^ re c ttain that if they ccapassed the pcint tl :-. r bi i in riew ; hey would tfftrctu : Jiy remove tfcemte \ ij , s = sn obstacle to year obtunicg happiness ; snpt > osf thofe VhiSkS , Wctild 5 GU Bst ¦ wish tfce-m to £

      uccctd ? WcuiG yen net halio thtm on ? Woaid you cctd ? WcuiG yen net halio tGtm on ? u oaid you cet "join" and assist them totmmble there from that p :-s : * . " : cn ir which they -were your greatest obstacle to the CFti-inirg cf tea- ? en ' : "What : 5 ir , had you rather remain in J . e . 'i . nndtr We

      " raii . i pdunial s-sray" of ua " infernal spirits . ' thtn I- ; - i-CLity cf so basi * an action as assisting th-. m to tuaituc ti .= s ;>;" . vei from th :. t rcsition whicL is one of your crtat-it Licdrar-ces to glory ' : Weald ycu do this ? * If - tuiroaiii you are a ktcd man ! And , if yGU are * t-ny ' . e of the HrciinonJirike sad Livcitdge people , i tej arc kind souis : TviU if the - ' miik of human ti ' t-icess" Oh . ho - w 1 esvy them ' - Ycu g ^> o : ; ts say , •• jf I wii a laxdccrat I w ? n' ^ riil . t my heel to be rat frvrn ir . y tc-iy before I would fsr : ^ "» - " - ° ¦ i = p—I - ¦ : -Le C rn L . w < -w . iju : a repeal of the a- , i't la -ci T . ' . c . ~; . i c ds - ^_ c \ s . ! . r . ed in czRZraccing adci :. Te * . I tosIj c : t ts mil to uis f uin thr ^ ush a repeal \ x' ib * t . r = Ls-B-s . " * Ys ; u aia fUli 60 fcind I But

      Untitled Article

      let ns just erquire a littie what this debt ia , and bow it was contracted . Well , then , it appears that during the late -war , undertaken for the purpope of pntdng down the rising liberty of France , it yras necesiary to c-xperd a certain amount of money yearly ; and you h 3 re toJd us , and justly too that the ' expsneesof the state ought to be paid yearly just as poor rates are ; but instead of the exptnees of the state being paid yearly a certain amount was borrowed of somebody , which amount forma what is called the national debt . Now , Sir , it is a well known fact , that during the ¦ wa r the t&xes which were paid by the labourer , in one shape and another , amounted to , at the least , one third of his income . Iicould easily proTe it to be much more , but I choose to be under rather than ever in my

      statements . It is equally well Jrno ^ n that the whole expsTiditure of the country was about seventy millions a year during the war ; and it is an admitted fact , that the income ot the nation from ill fcinda of property ; curing the same period , was four hundred and thirty millions a year ; and therefore if that amount had been taxed in the same ratU as the working man ' s income , that is one-third , we should ha ^ e had a yearly revenue of one hundred and forty-three millions . And as the expenditure was severity minions a year , we should have had a yearly surplus of sixty-three millions ; which sum multiplied by twentr-five , the number of years the wat centinued , would have left « s a surplus of one thousand rive hundred and seventy-five millions in the exchequer , instead of cur WiDg tight hundred millions in debt !

      Thus , then , Sir , it appears that the way in whicb the " landocrats have sinned In contracting a National D = bf is by having lent the nation the amount they ov $ ht to hare paid in ( a * e $ , and then claiming interest for it as for a debt ! This iB e . most curious way of ginning , and a most curions retribution you would give them for their sins ; that is , yon would secure them the whole amount of the exorbitant profits of their estate * by means of Corn Laws rather than the rent should ? o to the paying off the interest of a debt which they ought to have paid in taxes ' And what makes it still more curious , that interest must be paid by your much-loved workies in the shape of dear corn , when he bad paid his full quota ot taxes during the war . Amiable man . ' But again , you observe , and truly too . " that the expence of the state ought to be paid yearly , the same as the poor rates . "

      Now , Sir , what would you think of a " landocrat , " even thoupb it shonid be "John Bessie , " who , instead of paying his share of the poor rate should propose to lend the amount to the parish , and sail it a debt , and want to receive interest for it of the parishioners ? What would you think , Sir , of a " landocrat sinning " in that -way ? Bat -what would you thiDk of a " landocrat" eractiBg laws that the inhabitants of a neighbouring -village , who had not permitted their " landocrat to sin in contracting a debt " , should not bring food into his village for fear that his tenants conld not pay him both his rent and the intc-refit of his debt which he ought to have paid in poor rates ? But more especially , what would you think of a " Cbartist , " a " philanthropist , " one who had the interest of the working man so very

      much at heart , who should refuse to aid his parishioners to obtain , the repeal of such unjust la-ws , for fear that such repeal should " r « in" the " landocrat , " whe had " sinned in contracting a parish debt ? " Thus you see , Sir , that for fear of acknowledging that I was right when I said it was the duty of the working man te endeavour , by a ! l the means in his power , to alarm them for their situations , you have run into the grossest of absurdities . You have improved upon the divine precept which teaches us to " love our neighbour «« ourselves ; " and have inculcated that we ought to ' love our enemies" better than ourselves , or you would not have implied that starving wives and racged children ought to continue to suffer for fear of ruining the landocrat who had sinned in contracting a debt " he ought to have paid in taxes .

      After being very indignant at the misdoings of both Whig and Tory , you say , " but I would be joined to Lord Howick and company almost , before I would bo prevailed upon to join them . " As you , Sir , have not endeavoured to explain what you mean by this allusion , I , of course , can only guess at your meaning . Some two er three years ago , during a debate upon the distresses of the couutry , it was stated in the newspapers that Lord Howkk had used words to the following effect i— " That as there were no incendiary firee , he could not think the distress was bo great as it had been represented . " I do not know that his Lord « hip use i these words ; nor do I know that these words aTe what you allude to ; but I shall take them as if they were , a : id miike & few remarks upon them as bearing upon tne suVject in hand .

      As there is a . law which subjects any one to transportation who shall write or speak anything having a tendency to bring the House Gf Commons into contempt , I durtt not , even though I were certain that Lis Lordship had uttered thea , say anything in contrudiction of his wisdom or policy in making use of such expressions . As his LordBhip may fee an heridiury legislator , is he is not only a " senator , " but a " ger . t'eiuan born , " I dare not dispute the -wisdom of his telliDg the labourers ia so many words that if they were in the situav . on they are described to bb ; if they were bound to have " eaten their beds" for want ; if there were ten thousand ia one small district in . Manchester , without a Kd to lie on ; if they had to eat

      rotten potatoes gathered from the wh ; nf te subsist on ( inLredsf ; if they had to tteal Eta -weed , laid on the the laud for manure , ia order to prolong existence ; if they were in the state that , as Mr . Aldam , M . P ., is reported to have said , they must be starved down to the required quantity ; I dare not dispute his Lordship ' s ¦ wisdom iu saying that if the labourers were in this state , they -would make the country one continued bl > 2 e , and that , of course , if they want their grievances redressing that Is the way to obtain it . Nor dare I ask -what wnnld be the character of a House of Commons , if they would sit , aud hear such sentiments put forth . But I do know what would have been the fate of any Chartist jpeaker , or writer , whp . should have uttered or written such expressions .

      But , Sir , why should you propos 9 to join Lord Howick ? Yon , who would not submit to the " ruin of the lanQocrat who sinned in contracting a National Dobt , he ought to have paid in taxes ; " , who almost faint at the idea of our injuring the infernal spirits who keep us from heaven ; you , who weep such doleful diatribes over the wives and families of this farmer , and landlords being tumbled into the streets even by John Bc £ = ic ; you , who have so much " charity and love , " Uiat you intimate that I ought to be answered by the shoe tee fur proposing to join the repealers in order to alarm the middie classes for their situation ; why should you propose to join Lord Howick ? What end have you in view by such joining ? C-jme , out with it Why , because it would alarm them for their situation ! Just the position I have taken ; and I must leuveit to the cuuntry and yourself to divine whicu is the more honourable and preferable course .

      But , S :. di : g that my remarks have already run to a great JeDgth , I will cr ^ wd all I have to sa y at present into a few sentences . You will please to keep in wind that the great question is " Whether it would be tcise to ' . join the . repeaters . if repeal would cause the middle \ c ? as es to becc-me alarmed for Ifieir situation , and con- j S-tQUcnl'y cause them lojoin ihe people to olluiu ihut pone r , in the It ^ isiaime , which , AND ONLY WHICH can i p > ei \ jii ihe middle classes from Icing sual ' oued up by ihe j < . u f of jlted p-j ' jir . et . is . ' ' Xo * then , let us see -what is your opinion upon this qtrtitiOEj as f .: r as it c . in te gathered from your letter .

      Yuu eay \ " 1 know wi- have a deal to contend with , but Peel's blil is niukiDg Chartists as fast as Pitt ' s nctes made I Tories : sic , ; md it is tuiiiblirg the houses down ia nearly the same ratio . ' True . But how ia Peel ' s bill niakicg Cbartibts ? "WTy , by the bums turning wives and chiiQit !; into the street- Inshort , by ALARMINGthem for their situation . ' Just my positivn . Yuu again say , " I kso ^ that it is hard work to make politicians , j bst bow that Pee ) Las bt ^ un , let us redouble our aeal , and try if -we cancot make them as fast by reasoning as he can bj i . tir . g two pounds of beef for one ta th * peu- j ; : ocLr . " And how is it that Peel makes Chartists by

      civir . c two r-r . unds of betf nirtead ef ore ? Simply j btc-. usethey become o ' ur ??; f ( J for theiv situation . ' Further on you say " If you can prevail upon W . P . to uuld his hand a bit , and just give Peel a fn . ir oppor- tunity of paying the interest of the de >> t in flour at Is . ' 6 d . per stone , ann beet at 3 d . p ^ r pound , and to pay ' rili ; fixed oK ;! nations , at tte ss . n . e ratt bt will have no occa- - sivn to j : > : n ihe Whigs to repeal the Core laws ! We j rfull fc-Ve tke whole c ^ ULlry &- > eiire to cur standard llkG QcVei to the win'ows ! ' And vhy , sir should they ' fi jck to our Etamlsid because flout was Is . 6 d . per st . and beef threepence per pound ? Btc ^ uso they are a ' anned ' for their situation to be sure ! Then sre you " a good ! and well-irformed ChartUt" if you expect converts from ! -srrb a f-nurrp ? '

      Thus you will see , Sir , how easy it is for a man to j forget the side of the question he is defending when he ¦ wr ites without any well-defined principles , and the ; ahiurcities he Erce = farily fails into in consequence- ! Tour own $ o&& tense ¦ w ill suggest the castigation 1 ; could give you over these extracts ; but I -will spare it ftp the present , and Cfucicrie in the wcrds in which I , concluded the letter to S- K . ( So : hir . g lul bttr , y ula . vud for ilieir own safely will . «•* . coi . xiT , ct the undd-e cjls > : soj ilie nece . -ttty of taking \ part vriih the labou . er ; a > id they must be convinced too , \ thai NOTHING BUT taking part with the labowercan , supi them f . OTu the < juj cf f . red payments . Repeal of the ' Corn Laws ucad lay capnui p , uti a ; e at the J eet of fixed \ f .-aii > i £ KL . norcould ii ac-Ji-e uriihoul : heaidoj the labourer . THEN HURRAH f OK REPEAL OF THE CORN ' , laws :: j w . p . . ^ i

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      There neTer waa a pietiod in British history when self-denial became more absolutely necessary , or mow imperatively ^ * duty than the present . Vast numbers of Bntish aubifcte , men , women , and innocent children , are Uterrily dymg by inches of aheer want in the midst 2 fi * ? I ? n ? °° ° eirerytQ « g needful Many of our talented , honesthearted , courageous , but sympathising patriots are immured in the tyrant ' s dungeon , or prisoners at large , awaiting what is called their trial for tne maw ^ of pointing to the true cause , and to the only remedy of all our national evils . Appeals bare been made through the democratic press to our generosity in Tavour of a defence fund for our persecuted brethren , but our response hitherto has been of the feebler character ; our sympathies have not , as yet , been sufficiently awakened . The C&se u one of urgent necessity and should not be tampered with . It would be the

      basest ingratitude t « leave our friends unaWed in the bands of a mercifcM , cruel , and despotic government . Many of the poor fellows are looking forward with horror to the time when they must be arraigned before a class of remorseless Sen is , who will bring all the prostituted talent and diabolical icflaence they can muster upon the devoted heads of their intended -victims . It remains for us working men , to shew the sincerity or hypocrisy of our professed principles by saying whether or no we shall allow our patriotic brethren to be sacrificed by the pollute * hands of malignant : persecutors , perjured vampires , traitors and prejudiced juries , with the ghost of bloody old Jeffries at their head . Meney must be raised , and the best counsel in the kingdom must be procured , and hollow-hearted villany and corruption , if possible , openly exposed , that the intended victims may escape a Holberry ' s fate , and their n ' vtee and children the horrors of a bastile .

      We will na , we cannot plead poverty in extenuation of our guilty indifference in these matters , while we are spending millions of our hard earnings in intoxicating drinks and tobacco , which gives us nothing in return but individual misery , domestic ruin , destitution , and premature death ; while it puts into the hands of our oppressors , the . means of carrying on their nnholy warfare against the rights and liberties of the people . It may be plain John or Sir James that may carry on the war ; but it is feols that supply them with pence . Let me tell you , Mr . Editor ; how I think weon . i ; ht to do , and what we must dp if ever we succeed in effecting those organic changes in the institutions of our country that are necessary to its future prosperity .

      From the vast numbers who signed the late National Petition , the extent of onr public meetings and demonstrations , I may fairly infer that we have two millions of male adults professiDg Chartist principles ; more thau one half of . these apand from sixpence to a shilling weekly in tobacco alone : but . take , the sixpence and it will amount to twenty-five thousand pounds per week , which multiplied by fifty-two weeks in the year , gives us £ l . , UO 0 . This is a part from what is spent in intoxicating drinks by the same parties . Three-f . iurths of this sum goes directly into the hands of your worst enemies ; so while we are contributing now and then a halfpenny to extend democratic principles , we give nine hundred and seventy-five thousand

      pounds to Government to put us down , and puff the other three hundred and twenty-five thousand Into the air almost as ridiculous as the ottwr . ' Let us , my friends , cease to purchase and use this nasty , trashy poisonous weed , and appropriate our time and money to better purposes . Let us take a little more than onethird of the above sum , say £ 500 , 000 , and let it be laid ont in the following manner ; and such would be tbo altered state of society in one year , thaV all the powers on earth combined could not stay the progress or hinder the speedy triumph of democracy . £ 500 , 000 might be carefully disposed of in the following way : — For carrying on the cause , say ... ... 60 , 000 A defence fund ... ... ... ... 60 , 000 To expand in political works for gratuitous

      distribution ... ... ... . ... 50 , 000 To support twenty-one democratic papers , with a weekly circulation of 14 , 000 , at 5 d . each . .... ... ... ... ... 330 , « 00 £ 500 , 000 Again , I woald advise every working man to abandon the use of intoxicating drinks . We should-recollect that Government receives some twenty millions annually from this source . From parliamentary returns it appears that fifty-two millions sterling is the coat ot intoxicating drinks . Much valuable time is thus thrown away in the public-house , which ought fciP . be spent in reading and Btoring our .. minds Wlttl Useful knowledge .

      A drunken , pufBsg , spouting , reforming politician is a disgrace to the cause' he professes to serve , and is a stumbling-block in tho way of reform . That nauseous insect , with all its filth and stench , the bug , might justly indict such a fellow as a nuisance , for presuming to practice his worse than beastly habits iu its presence . The Chartists above ail others should not practise nor tolerate such inconsistencies . If the hints I have thrown out were adopted and fairly carried out . Sir Robert and his oronies in vice would soon have to eeze on the proud eminence of Chartism till their blighted vision sank in obscurity before the brightness of imperishable truth and righteousness , y By inserting the above , you will obliRe ,-... A Constant Header OE your extensively circulated papex .

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      ESSAY ON THE PRESENT SYSTEM . ¦ " . ¦ . PA RT V .. ' - : ' /¦ '¦ ¦ ¦ - . ¦'¦ . ' We have seen the origin of the system—we have examined its nature and character—let us look more narrowly into its effects . And first , there is not a creature in England , from the Queen on the throne to " The maid that milks and does the meanest chares , '' from the duke to . the coal-boy , that is not cursed by this accursed system . The rich are cursed by the crimes which it induces— -the poor by . the . want . It is a system that pervades all ranks , all classes , all employments . The three professions , law , physic , and divinity are infected by it . Law , for the benefit of lawyers , is made to distort justice—physic for the benefit of doctors to destroy health—and religion for the benefit of parsons to corrupt Christianity . It rules the army and navy where money buys ' command over merit . The fine arts are not exempt from its blasting influence . If a

      man of genius , -whbther a poet or painter , a musician , a tculptor , or an architect , be an noneat man , he Will find his honesty a bar to his success . If a man of science be poor his inventions will be purloined by the rich , who wil ! get patents for them , and rob him of the reward of his ingenuity . It is a system that has changed the character of the great to little . The ancestors of our dukes , marquis ' ses , and earls used to feed the poor at their gates—but their degenerate posterity , the present bastard breed , are noble only in name , ami they drive the poor gleaners from their fields and follow them into the workhouses , where they examine the weights and measures to see that the poor wretches get do more than the allotted portion of skilly—lest they should live and not die . It ib a system tbat has made honesty ( said to be ths best policy ) the worst policy , for shoukeepura

      declare tbat they cannot live honestly , and they fiud it necessary to discharge every honest journeyman , every conscientious irvant . None are profitable to them but those who can ! lie and flatter and cheat in their service . It is a systemnhat has studded the land with palaces , castles , and country seats for the rich , but with bastilaa , madhouses , and prisons , for the poor—bastiles that are filled -with humbleuBfortunat . es ruined , not by their own vices and immoralities , but by the vuiea and immoralities of the great , who corrupt , who cru&h , who absolutely compel their viciims to sin , then punii-h their niisbry by worse misery , by ciubitifca more abfcoreiit than hell itself—madhouses where are confined those whose hearts wert ) broken , whose brains were turned by the disappointments which are the sure aud certain hope ef honest worth—and who are thty in the prisons ? We

      are told that the great -mjijomy . can neither read nor write ; &Ed this is true , for government would keep us ignorant as asses that we might be treated as badly ; but it is cot true , as some have inferred , that the ignorant alone are criminal , or the wwrst cr ' minals . " No , it is your learned clerks vf ho escape by benefit of clergy , who are too cunning to be caught , or have influence or connections to buy them off , or let them loose . It is a systsm that , haB profaned British so \ i with the steps of policemen—not oniy in luct-trodden citieB but in those rural districts were icnocen ce vainly seeks a retreat It is a system that brings many a good man to a bad end many a strong man to an untimely grave . Oh , what millions will arise in judgment -. [ gainst this system—a system that bauishedjFrost , Williams , ai-. d Jones for no other crime but patriotism for seeking to sa ! ve that which

      is lost , lost peace , lost prosperity , for striving te restore our ancient constitution . It is a system that doomed five hundrtd Chartists to dungeons . I am not ashamed at ownisg . myself one of them . -. I Bhould rather be ashamed at cot havirg been one ; it is for the persscuted to ' glory—for the persecutors to be ashamed . Clayr- » n and Holberry bave perished , and Peddie ia perishing ; but their spirits will not perish , and cannot be confined—even now they walk the earth . It is a sy .-tem that forces men out of their proper sphere ana ) drags them into the most unnatural , the most unmanly ways of gaining a livelihood , into occupations unseemly , revolting ; and women , who under a better system would b 9 what they were created to , be , the angels of » en , women are demoraliz . d by this system , made moral plagues ; children , too , are doomed to exist like

      reptiles , Vtrmin . It is a system that makes parents shut their own children out cf their homes , out of their he 3 » ts—that freezes the blood of nearest relationship and curdles the milk in a mother's breast . It is a system that has t > red unheard-of crimes and produced monsters in ssciety , such as the Burkes , the Greenacres , the Goods , in whose characters , in whose countenances the man is lost ia the brute , thebeast , the fiend . In short it is a system that calls virtue vice , makes truth a lie , honesty dishonourable , justice a mockery , crime & custom , folly fashionable , and religion a trade—that has made Mammon the idol of England , to which God himself in sacrificed by his angodly creatures ; yeri , this system has sunk England far below HtU itse ' . f ; for in Hell we read that only the wicked are tormented , but in England the good are tormented .

      Let any one conceive eueh a fictitious -being , such a Utopiau as amaabonistand true in e-jery word and icr , aHd tell me , would not tkit mau have to undergo more » c : rn , more ptreecution than any other man » wunldnothiB life be a niiityrdoni f his death alone

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      could be happy . Such are the effects of this cursed system—a system that has not only carsed England , but every country where English influence prevails . Captain Cook named the South Ssa Islands the " Friendly Islands / ' because the people were the kindest he had ever met ; but they can no longer be named the " Friendly ''—our system has reached them , has perverted them , cursed them ; and where is the country in which freedom or happiness reign , or are about to reign , to which our Government , ever on the watch , does not send a navy : with swelling . sails' and bristled cannon , to batter down the risiot tights ef man ? Witness wrenged Ireland , Canada , Egypt ' , India , bat above all , China ! where British bravery is now disgraced by the aost cowardly war ever waged in the Wstory of the world- —a war that is rousing the

      retributive hatred of all nations against us . Who is there that can now boast of being an Englishman ? who cm love to have his name identified with this country ? who but must blush to be born in it ? And are there those that can support such a system ? Alas , many think it the perfection of wisdom ! these are to bo pitied ; but there are others who support it from lore of it—these are surely to be execrated ; othere again support it for profit ' s sake—these are to be'despised . '; others oppose it though like Juggernaut it crush themhonoured be these : for no man who seeks to thrive by such a system is worthy the name of man , for it i * impossible to do so honestly ; and dirty is he , filthy beyond measure , who would rather live by dishonest means than by honest ones , if left free to chooss ; but the system d « es not leave men free to choose—it leaves them no alternative but vice or atnxvation .. V ft- ' causes of social dishonesty and domestic infelicity naturally , arise in this unporadlsed world , but the system leaves them not to chance ; like Kirkpatrick , it

      makes sure . It is directly or indirectly the cause of almost every sin , every sorrow , every . suffering that we commit or endure . Poverty is painful enough of itself ; but the system sets a man ' s poverty ever inhiavi « wmakes him feel it constantly , racks him with it night and day . It knows no pity , no remorse . He . who can willingly , Wilfully support such a system ( knowing what it is ) is a devilj and not a tnau , be is a patty to all the evils which it ii . fljcta , an accessory before the fact to every murder , which it commits . When our S . iXon ancestors wished to express their sense of utter worthlesaness they called it nidejiisq—to support this system is NiCEBina . Quakers refuse to pay church rates ; but they pay taxes in support of this system ^ -they ar « averse to war ; yet they pay to carry it on—even the present disgusting and abominable war in China— : et them be consistent—let them come out aa Chartists , and it will shew thnt they do not willingly support such a system—that they are wishful fer a better Bysteni to support . ( To be continued . J

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      TO JOSEPH STUKGE . ; " My soul aches To know , when two authorities are up , Neither supreme , how soon confusion Mcy enter'twixt the gap of both and take The one by the other . " . Suakspeare . Sir , —I stop not to enquire whether God and nature made you a Chartist , whether it was the histories of the ancient republics , Greece , Borne , Sparta , or of England itself in its democratic days ; whether you became a convert during your recent visit to America by comparing that country with your own ; or isstly whtther you as

      as an Antl-Cornlawite were convincsd of the hopelessness of your oppositiou with « uk an extension of the Suffrage . Suffice it t <* say , that you found an association on foot in Great Britain entitled the National Charter Association , and composed of men who felt their wrehgs , who knew their rights , and who wished t » restore their country to itself by making its institutions harmoniza with truth and justice . You approve * of their objects , of their plans , yet yon . did not join them . On the contrary you . endeavoured to sat up , not even an auxiliary association , but an antagonist oneyou are not only not with us , but you are against us , and thus I prove it .

      You acted oh the opinion that the conduct of the Chartists had rendered their name odious , had exeiten much prejudice against their principle ? . To avoid that odium , to evade the prejudice , you profess the same principles but under a different name—you thought proper , to mask your battery . I believe you are a phi Ian thropist , but you are not much of a philosopher or you ¦ would know that as it was the . honesty of those principles that rendered them odious in the eyes of the privileged classes , sa a profession of the same principles even under a different name , was sure to subject you to like odium , ts . "excite Bimilar prejudice ; for it is the humanity of the Chartists , not their name , that is dreaded or disliked by the inhuman factions . Whether , think you , is a mean submission to prejudice or a manly , defiance of it , most'likely to remove or repel it ? You know that the very errors of the Chartists , like the failings of Goldsmith's brother , " Iean'd to virtue ' s side" ¦ -. - ¦ ... . . ¦ ...

      Having refused to Incorporate with the old bodyhaving resolved to set up a new one , with yourselfTat the head of it ; having , in a manner said to Feargus O'Connor , " Stand back , I am holier than thou ; " you begin by altering the dvetinctivc appellation of 'Choxtistu , tbi 9 name by which it hud become known ; a name hallowed by berpism ; eanctifled by martyrdom- What faith can we put in jonr sincerity -when your first act was the removal of our landmark ? I will not descend to record tfee numerous other instances you have given us fer suspicion . I will abide by your first general ones . The phrase " universal" would not do—you must alter

      it to " complete . " Having adopted the principle , you boggled at the name—having swallowed a camel , you strained at a gnat . What do you mean by complete ? If you mean what we me&n by . universal , why make a changeling of Chartism ? You have not mended the phrase . I contend that your complete is a solecism in grammar . The word is more applicable to a pi'ce of workmanship than to a point of jurisprudence . Perfect would have been moregermain to the matter . Bat you have acted like the gypsies , who , when they steal a child , disguise or disfigure it " that it may pass as their ownJ "

      We test the propriety of words by their collocation . How daes it reud ? Let us see . 1 am afrnid that you will not live to finiBti , much less to complete the snffrage . Would not this be rank nonsense ? Yea , and as your complete Buffage haa been designated " complete humbug , " so might it with equal propriety be styled " complete nonajinse . ' The wise are not to be fooled by it . You have never defined yaur meaning , and I suppose it will only admit of Bardolph ' s definition . "Complete ; that is , when the saffrage is , as they say , complete ; or , when the suffrage ia , ^—being—whs-ruby— it

      may be thought to be complete ; -which is an cxeei ' . ent thing . " Novr the old term universal has not only its own universality to recommend it ; but , moreover , it can quote precedent in its favour . It is authored by antiquity—it is the terra that was in nse among- the ancient Romans . When you refused to be baptized in the name oi the Charter ; when you call your principles by another name—how can you avow that your opinions are the same as ours ? In the words of the poet , they are " alike ; but oh , how different ! " If you are ashamed of bur name , we will be ashamed of you . You are a noncomforming Chartist , and the organ of your party is rightly termed the Nonconformist .

      A Friend should be a peacemaker . If any breach existed in our Israel , you ought to have healed it by the sacrifice of yourself , like Curtius , ratber than to have widened it ; but . you have caused discussion , dia-Sfinsion , and division , wher « ail saould have Oetn peace , concord , and unity . You have occasioned a retardation of the progress of liberty against opprpNsion . Your next step will be to divert it Why fief np-yourtent of disunion so close to our tent of union ? If a man dig a well so senr another well as to divert the spring , our laws , defective as they are in justice , will give , a remedy by an action on the case . You have opened a rendf i ? ous for " fickle changelings ami poor discontents , " and sent round your recruiting strjeant-i

      to entice and enlist deserters . The love of novelty , the knowledge that the middle classes can pay more than the working classes ; the idea that you are a wealthy man ; all this has tempted a few needy adventurers into your service , has also tempted one of our Executive , one wko was with us , in " doable trust , " Who ehonld against disunion have closed the door , not opened it himself ,- but you have not been able , and you will not be able , to inveigle one sound Chartist . Mahomet could not get the mountain' to come to him—he was forced to go to the mountain . So will it be with you . The new movers could not draw the masses after them ; and this new attempt , in your name , will be equaily unsuccessful . It is is indecent for the Omega to expect the Alpha to bow to it .

      But besides the mediocre advocates of middle class union in your pay , you : have some working-men in your ranks . We would say to them as Wallace said to Bruce when he met him on the river side , " What do yen in the ranks of your enemies—of the enemies of your country . Come back to your own order . Cross the Rubicon again . " The working-classes uo isot need , do not want , the middle-class to join them ; at least they will not join the middle class , for they know from fatal experience , that to do so is but to lend themselves as tools in tee hands cf their meanest and worst

      oppressors . Tne Reform Bill has taught them ' --a lesson wUich they can never forget . That they were duped then -was the fault of tnei middle-clas *—it will be their own faalt if they are doped & second time . What good can come of these Confersncea with false friends ?—we want no intellectual sparring . Is it to gain tfme r or to delode as by some siiitbt-of-hand trick , some jugglery like that of changing our nama ? Mr . Sturge , l 6 t me advise you to incorporate at once with those whose pxincipltaycu avow ; or if you with to keep up a Pharisaical separation—set up , not as a Suffragkt , but on other ground .

      " Having waste ground enough , Shall you Cestre to raise the Banetuary An . i pitch your evils there ?" WishiEg you fo cease ai ' t farther tttetcpts at drawing a diititcuon without a different ? , I am , yocrfj As far as is consistent with the cause , -. JQHK WaTKI ^ S .

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      ELLIS THE VICTIM . TO THE EDITOE OF THE NOBTUEHN STAB . Dear sir , —Itris tho last visit of the patriot's wife and offspring to the . victim ' s cell , to tako a long and pprhaps a la&t farewell , which now occupies my mind in sad and thoughtful mood enwrapt . What a scene I He had hoped—fondly hoped , by his frank profession of his honest opinions , by his public advocacy of the prenfc doctrines of truth , and the heaven-born principlesof justice ; by bis virtuous , if not- ' vigorous exertions in the cause oC righteousness between man and man , not only to havo benefltted his country generally , but ' especially to hava elevated in the Bocial scale the cho / en of his youthful heart , and the deir pledges of thsir mutual love , and now he bebalds them—killing sight!—his darling wife bewidowod alid disconsolate , and his nr . conficious heiplesa But the ho Is

      chidren fatherleBj ^ nd destitute . » allowed , aa a last favoSR to touch , to handle , to embrace , to clasp to his bofioni the mother and her . babes : —to givo them such a . sqaease " as erst he gave them not . " Surely even tyranny base as now 'tis grown , cannot deny this last poor consolation . K \ va ! why do I thus divam Thick walls » nd " strong iron , effectually divide nBunder those who bad lovingly sat side by sido ,. communed over the cheerful . meal , aid caiirilyslept'in each other ' a arms . See how" the manly cheek , furrowed by un , merited care , is plouahad by the bia tear , whi ^ e , with inexpressible--anguish , he looks , kuowing he must look there no more- ^ npon all that's dear to him in the world , then turns away sickened ' . . at tho sight . -. '¦ ¦ -

      Ah ! mtthinks I tear the piercing -wail of the p ° O * dear wife of Ellis , ' . ' Oh ! I thought they wonld have allowed , me to kiss him . " Never ehail I forget the thrill which went through my heart , when 1 rt-ad this ht-a . it-breaking sentence . And then the loviiiy innocerts—Ji-. other , why weep you ?— father why grieve you ? But enongh , ¦ I must no more . Englishmen arouse ye . It is for you to say whether Eiiis-shall be banished , and you be branded for f ; ver or - whether- ' rilinpant . tyranny shall be mufie t * bow down before the' irresistible will of a migbly people , ar . d a mo-ring nation , -If the efforts novr maSing should fail , and the jujiges should decide uhfavoui'sbly , ( and ¦ who expects any . thing else , for the judgment e ( at is corrupt ed , and turned to political pBrjiostx ) rit ' . er » petition to the Commons , or a nienieriai to the Qa ^ en , or both , to be'determined upon by the committee

      already organiaad on his bebalf , must be prepared , adopted , and presented . I do not recbmpjfend thia course from any fstith which I have in petitions or memorinls , but if proper steps be taken , I feC-1 a persuasiori somehow or other that such a demonstration may b <; got up in the . metropolis , aa will not only tn ' tCtuate the lib ( : tation of Eilia , but ako do much for the piople too . Tuts'p ' . na which I have to reccmmeniJ' is thifi .-let a tniall tract be printed detailing a short account of Eiiis-of his spotless ; character—of . bis-trialthe nature cf the evidence upon which he was convicttd , with a short but clear statement of his political principles . Let'London be deluged with theBO tracts one mouth at least before the presentation ; and , to meet the txpense of printing and the demonstration , let ba » . iars or tea -parties he got up . both in London and the potteries ; and let our richer friends for oir show tlieir generosity by liberal snpport

      It may be asked why the rest ef the jirovinces shou not engage to raise their quota towards this ienevolenk object ? Because I think if proper ex&rtions be made in London and Staffordshire , sufficient funds may be raised for the purpose , 'and in the mean timo the EngJ lish provinces and Scotiand ought to get up similar bs < z urs ' and tea parties for the binefitof the . " General Victim and Defence Fund . " I would respectfully suggest to . the English Executive , and tho Central Board of Scotland to sake up this subject immediately , to deliberate calmly upon it , and decide and advise according to the blst of their own judgment . If thia matter be not ta ^ en np by these official bodies , it will never be generally attended to . :

      The assistance of the ladies ia absolutely , necessary to itssuccess ; and its nothing can be done in order and with effect , without organization and - system ;' , female Associations should' be formed everywhere instanter Coma then , my good Chartist sisters and brethren , give proof that you deserve the honourable appellation of Chartist , for it is'the most honourable appellative term applied in British socifety . Just for a moment comsider the agonised feelicgs of the neglected Chartist victim , and determine lhkt he shall c-jt lunger ' want ths consolation of your warmestsympathies and prompt and best assistance . ' : I remain , Dew Sir , 4 c , ¦ ' . ' - ¦¦' ¦ " : ' "'¦"' . ¦ " . . JeaK A .

      Untitled Article

      Exxraobdi-Vabt Bibth . —A servant girl of'Mr . I 'oacf , of Uioroft , Chesbire , who left her place a few daTspince , on the . plea of being" unwell , ' waa delivered , on Weoneiday Jast , of three fine boys , all of whom , together with the mother , are doing well .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE EDIIOIi OP THE . NORTHERN STAB . j Sir , —11 tffotda iae tte hightst degrte of pleasure ; and satisfaction to seo the iniiusuicus classes enjoyteg : the p ] eisures and fruit * cf their labours , and the j bounces o' Divine Providence ; nor can the inan be ' . gcitltss -who wcuW deprive his fellow creatures of ihat j which natare requires , cr of the blessings which a bcSenScient Creator has , in his infinite -wisdom , pro- ; Tided for his sustenance , comfcrt , and gratification . Xht-e are , however , a variety of things in which we iudulie thit r . re neiihtr tsential to our existence , nor ; cilei ; : itcQ to admxDUter to our real ecjoynient ; but are in rnajbe . less cjs ^ s alike injurious to the life , health , ci . niis , ind hsppintis < . £ these , who , unfoituca ^ ly ,. are acdieicd to tbiir ute .

      Untitled Article

      THE " FOUNDUXQ OP AYR . ¦/ . { Concluded . ) Jamea was now pretty comfortable , earning twenty shillings per week , and inore contented than thoso who spend twenty pounds a-week without earning it Ha toot-a . small , cottage , » ttd his wife toot in such work as she couM execute after her own was done . But J ^ mes was not one who lived for himself alone , or even fi-t his family—he was- a citiasn of the world , and though he had not much time and bnt few opportunities of learning what was going on in the world , except from hearsay , he read the , Weekly newspapers . The coiuluci of Government , with its effects OB society , -espfvfally ou his own class , did not pass unnoticed , uncriticised , nor unopposed by hini . Tne Duke had returned from his critical vi « tory at Waterloo , won by the passive

      obedience and resistance of a wall of British troops who at .-odaud received the charges of French cavalry with all the obdurate endurance with which they would have taken a flogsjing os their backs , by the onV . r of their conimander-in-chief . That Commander was now ruling in the cabinet , and was strenuously advocating the corn . bill , for he had received J-irg « esUtes as . a " reward for " saving his country , " and it was his interest ( with which his inclination \» as on good terms ) to enhance the valuo oi his property , by protecting duties . Tes , England was now reaping the fruit of her victories—having purchased glory abroad by the sacrifice of happiness at home , and

      like the garnished drum , all' oise aud show uuuide , was " fuil of * eniptia « s "' within . The workinc men universally execrased " this famine-bill , and their aitention was turned to Parliamentary reform aa a means of repeaHnt ; that , ; and all other class-laws—laws that so partially incline the balance of justice . The indign tioa which these measures of . the Tories had excited was : .. ken advautflgo of by the Whigs to serve their own ' varty purposes ; and , under pretence . of serving tfco c .. * e of thepuop ' e , they were carried into power by the Reform Bill , but were no sooner seated on hi ^ h , than they kicked down the ladder , and become as mean as their preitecessi'ra had been base .

      The pressure of the taxes on the one hand ; -witJ-. th « love of extravagance which a nation proud of its treatness begau to indulge on the other , caused the mi-ldla classes ( those apes of the aristocracy ) to sit more tightly on the . -shoulders ef the working men , to fecrew down their , wages aud to setup roacln ^ try , to compete with men who not being comyoaed of such tough metsl were compelled to give up the race in despair .. The middle classes were encouraged in this gro-wicg selfishness by GovtjnmVenc , who passed the New Poor Law Bill as an alembic to crush the last hopes of labour , and drive it from tho landopening sluices of emigration for that purpose . The masters were determined to keep up , their high style of living by lowering-wages ; and it is In this ' niaunea they pay the income tax , or any additional burthea it out of

      imposed on them by Gfaveinment—^ pressiiig the class below them .. ' The men saw the necessity of combining to resist the combination -. among the masters . For this purpose- they entered in Trades Unions , and James Ayr immediately joined , and was so eefilous and useful a membcrt that he was appointed secrotary to the--district where he lived . Government drawing its resources from oppression , of course backed the oppressors , and prosecutions wtre ieaued against Several members of the Union , under the pitiful preteuce that they swore illegal oaths to bind each other in conspiracy . The fact is , that tha working man neeci . i not an oath to bind him in brotherhood , —his woni of honour , like that of the peer » , is sufficient , and honesty is his bond . But , however , the Dorchester Labuitrcra and Glasgow Cotton Spinners were transpsrle ' l fo « the

      example ' s sake- ^ -transported by Wbiss—by tho very men who had taught them the principles they were now putting' in practice . What was James ' s surprise to find -those whose advocacy of reform went to the cutting off of Queens' hsads , now actini ? the part of the Fox to the Goat in the table ? James saw the necessity of uniting not against roasters merely , but against the Satanic power hehind the masters ; in short , be became a Chartist—one of those who are seeking to regain from tyranny the sceptre of tha people ' s patriotic sovereignty . Ho saw that Tradea " Unions were of benefit to the same extent that Oddfellows'Unions are ., but not farther ; as he fuuml that the contest witfc , the masters w . \? uniqual , and ended in greater oppression . But Chartism , like Tradea Unionism , was to be put down ; and the banishment of Frost , Williams' , ' and Jones followed that or the Dorchester and Glasgow men . James was so Indignant ai this , that he vented his sympatky in language which

      the authorithies hid once taught , but now wonld net tolerate , and he was arrested , but held to bail . He traversed to the next assfzes . but , in tha mtantime , a sum was raised for him by his brother unionists sufficient to pay his passage to America , whither , wiih his family , he fleWj like Joseph , from persecution . All his hopes of freedom , or of a livelihood , being baffledseeing no prospect before him but a prison—having a large family dependent on him—ho did wisely to spurn the slave-trodden soil of Britain ; he did well to ahuka the ilnet off his . Bupes as a testimony against is . We see in his example , that the working man cannot bo true to himself and to his otder without encountering great : trials . Juffits , though driven " out of his own trade into a chemical factory , and out of that into another country , wa » ever hearty , aa hewasbonest ¦* nd though he never discovered his parents , Providence has been a father to the Foundling of Ajr und blessed his iendeavonrs in America .

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      _ _ THE NORTHERN S ^ TAR , 7

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 3, 1842, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1189/page/7/