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Northern Star (1837-1852), 9th July 1842, Edition 1 of 5, Page unpag, iBcftrj).

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      Untitled Article

      PILGRIM OF CHARTISM . SO 5 G HI . X spectre "who stays in the Market-place cross'd me , As thoughtful and proud by the Guildhall I prest ; jhe knsTish man held up his staff to accost me , £ nd proffered the Elation a fit place to rest Ah , nay , eonrfc-e-ons fawner , right onward f « r me ; Uo rest iill the Charter dotk make us all free . yet tarry , said he , tin the mob by us passes ; And into the staScn for afery be led ! jor the Magi's , last night , did swear o ' er their glasses 2 £ e field -where ye meet should be streWd with yom de&d . Ah , nay , court-e-ons fawner , right onward for me ; 2 fo rest till the Charter doth make -as all free . S . J . BristeL

      Written at Bath , May , 1839 , upon the following occasion—The Chartists held a district demonstration according to announcement The Reform Corporation asd Magistrates , to their lasting infamy , paraded the police under arms In the Market-place , the pensioners is the Green-market , the yeomanry in other parts of the town , waiting the slightest pmext to attack the people , bat none occurred .

      Untitled Article

      __ ¦ THE PEOPiE-S CHARTER . ST DATID TTR 1 GET , ABERDEEN . How long will millions bend the knee , And bow before the " powers that be , " Whe starve the sons ef industry , And bate the Charter ? How long will million * sweat . and toil , While tyrants pluntte ^ and beguile The people of the common soil , V ¦^ Sahst e the Charter ? How long will Britons starre and die , While tyrants proudly pass them by In mocktry , and then belie The People ' s Charter ? How long will pensioned lordlings scorn The noble , though the humble , born ? How long will injured millions mourn

      For Freedom ' s Charter ? "Till every sane and honest man Above the age of twenty-one Shall recogn : : Z 3 the noble plan And claim the Charter ! Oh ! when will peace and plenty reign Through Britain ' s injured land again ? When , oh ! when shall we obtain The People ' s Charter ? Oh J when will freedom ' s banner wave Triumphant o ' er oppression ' s grave , And Britain ' s children , free and brave , Renounce the tyrant and the Blare , And claim the Charter ?

      When will the tee prison doors unfold , And heaTy chainB renounce their hold , And Chartist TJctimB , true and bold , The light of day again beheld And claim the Charter ? Oh ! when will we regain the lost , The noble Williams , Jones , andJFrost ? Oh ! when will they and millions boast Of Freedom ' s Charter ? When , united heart and hand , Freedom ' s sons throughout the land Resolve to conquer , and demand The People ' s Charter ! Tben , Britoas , who would cow dissemble ? Bouse I and let the brave assemble 1 Unite ! and -while the tyrants tremtle We demand the Charter .

      Untitled Article

      SCRAPS FOR RADICALSBY i . T . CLA > "ET . 50 . XIT . Zlepiac Lints on the death of Samuel HoXberry , \ tho died a Martyr to Democracy , June 21 rf , ISiS , agtd 27 , Peace . to thy shade 1 immortal youth , Out Charter ' s martyr , rest ! Thy spirit's gone , but , like the sun's Diurnal in the West , Thy name shall long Elaine the land ; And when the sky—the sea , Are vengeful on this world of ours , Then will I thm > on thee .

      Peace to thy shade ! immortal youth , Deeply thy theme I sing ? If or lone , in this repulsJTe world , Sighs to thy shrine I bring : The rose-bnd weepi ; the lily pines ; Bach flower and erery tree Converges from the tyrant ' s grasp , And bids me think on thee . Peace to thy shade . ' immortal youth ! They ' re chosen foi thee a grave ; And every tongue that worshipp'd there Hath eadl'd thee true and brave ; Fer thy pure soul disdain'd the boon Of dastard tyranny , -, Whose cold and callous heart ne'er knew Twas eam'd from heaven bj thee .

      Peace to tby shade ! immortal youth ! And whilst thy mem ' ry dear ShaD bonourM be , by loftier strains , Will mine be less sincere Because the humble bard that breathes This unfeigned elegy Presumes to struggle for the eaose Long battled in by thee ?

      Untitled Article

      ? THE STAB . Twit— " The brave old Oak . " " Will some one write a song for the Star ?" F . 0 "C 0550 B . " Yes , O'Connor , I will , and dedicate it to you . " E . p . Mead . A song for the Star ! the brave Northern Star I Which stands in its pride alone ! There ' s none in the land doth so nobly stand , If or such bright renown has won ! The millions all know tis the tyrant ' s foe And the champion of the free ! Then , brave patriots , hurra for the bright Northern Star And the Charter of Liberty !

      In the days of old when the Barons bold Assembled on Runny Mead , Magna Charta to claim , in blest Freedom ' s name , They could neither write nor read ; But the millions now , of the loom and plough , Far mere enlighten'd are , For a blazing brand spreads through the land—* Tis our watch-fire the Northern Star I Though the the factions unite to dim its light By their dark and misty lies , It still shall shine o ' er plough , loom , and mine , Till bright Freedom's sun arise . Then terra foi the Star , the brave Sorfh Star , That stands in its pride alore . ' And still shall it be the pride of the free , Whea its foea are all perkh'd and gone .

      Te Democrats brave I eVry poor white slave ! Tnited , one and all , Must walk in its light , tia a beaeon bright , _ Which defies each factious FqualL 2 Co swords we draw ; peace , order , and law Are our weapons of moral war ; Then brave Feargca and Hill are our pilots still , And our comr , ass the Northern Star . Tben here ' s to the Star ! may it near and far Shed fratb its Ineid raya . ' Till our Charter is law , 'twill keep tyrants in awe , And shine on their evil ways . Tis a glorious lieht on the dark midnight That priestcraft has spread around ! Th * n here ' s May the Star , the bright Northern Star , With victory still be crown'd .

      Untitled Article

      KETTEEING . —A new court of Ancient Foresters was opened in Kettering , at the house of brother Thoma 3 Gibson , the Swan Inn , when the brethren of Oundalej Roth-well , and Hiddleton attended in their splendid regalia . After the oourt WS 3 opened , there was a procession through the town , which , was much admired by the people , at the close of which the brethren sat down to an excellent dinner provided by the landlord . LEBDS . —Jutbkile Disorderly *— On Monday Ust , a very little giri , named Elizabeth Cbadwick , whose age was stated to be 15 , was charged before ihe magistrates at the Court House , with having been found drunk in Kirkgate , on Sunday afternoon , and

      behaving in a very disorderly manner . The officers stated that her companions -were girls of the town of the lowest stamp ; that she had bo mother , and in conseqnence of her conduct her father had deter * mined to have nothing to do with her . She was con-Viet&d of felony * t the l&si borough , sessions , and has only been a short time oui of the House or Correction . The magistrates expressed themselves in strong terms at her depravity , and being wishful , before adjudicating upon the case , to see her father , they remanded her until Tuesday , when she was again brought up , and , her father being then in attendance , alter seme conversation with the Bench , he agreed to receive the girl back again , and Ehe -was consequently discharged after a suitable admonition .

      Untitled Article

      Robbery bt a Servant . —On Monday last , a young woman , named Charlotte Keane , who has been for some time in the service of Mri Gilston , woollen draper , was brought before the magistrates at the Court House , on a charge of having stolen various articles of wearing apparel belonging- to Mrs . Gilston . A black lace veil and other property was produced , and , when called upon , Mr . Gt . stated to the bench that , from the girl ' s previous good character , and at the intercession of friends , who had undertaken to pay her passage home to Ireland , he did not wish to press the charge against her . Mr . Lnpton remarked upon the effect which such leniency had upon others , and said that robberies by female servants were more numerous than most people were at all aware off , while , in a great number of cases the prosecutions against them were abandoned . To secure her being sent away by her friends , she was kept in custody , until Tuesday , and then given up to them .

      Stkalisg Shoes . —On Monday last , two young men named : Robert Holmes and Joseph Batty , were charged at the Court-House , with having on Saturday night stolen two shoes , from a stall in Eriggate , the property of Mr . James Whiteley . The shoes were produced by a watchman , who apprehended the prisoners , while running along Call-lane , in consequence of a cry of " stop thief f at which time ¦ Holmes dropped them from under his jacket . A person who witnessed the transaction deposed that he saw the two prisoners together ; who tried several stalls without , success . They then turned into Boarlane , and watching an opportunity , walked quickly past Whitelev ' s stall , Holmes seizing the shoes as he passed-. The prosecutor identified them as his property , they being two odd one ? , and the fellows being still in bis hands . They were committed for trial .

      Henroost Robbery . —During the night of Sunday last , the henroost of the Mis 3 Pawsons , of Seacrefi , near Leeds , was broken into , and about thirty head of poultry were stolen . Istobhatios against a Waggoner . —On Tuesday last & young man named Charles Brown Farrer , of Harrogate , appeared by summons at Leeds Court House , to answer to a complaint preferred against him by Mr . Joseph Henry Qates , of Meanwood , for having , on the SOih ulk-absented himself from his team , in Chapeltown-lane , so for that he could not

      have the management or guidance of his horses . Mr , Oates said his attention was Erst attracted by seeing the defendant and another man ( whom he afterwards found to be his brother , ) struggling together on the road , and though this comprised no part of the complaint , he must fay that he never in his life sawmoTe brutal treatment of one brother at the hands of another . The defendant , on being called upon , denied that he was bo far behind his horses as had been stated . The magistrates convicted him in the penalty of forty shillings and costs .

      A Soldier ' s Fboli&—On Tuesday last a priraie in the 65 th Foot appeared at the Leeds Court House to prefer a charge of robbery against two men named Joseph Stead and Joseph "Wainwright . The complainant stated that he had come from Boroughbridge with a recruit , and on his retnrn . on Monday , he called at the Chained Bull , at Moortown , where he found the two prisoners , who wanted to enlist . He laid a shilling on the table , if either of item chose to take it . Wainwright took it up and ordered a naif gallon of ale , wbich was drunk , and then they asked jf he had any more shiilings . He laid

      another on the table , which was spent , after which he laid his head on the table , as if he were asleep when he distinctly felt a man ' s hand in his pocket , and on getting up , saw Stead withdraw his ; he had about 10 s . 6 . d . in his pocket , the whole of which was taken . On investigating the case , it turned out that the soldier was exceedingly drunk , having been at the Chained Bull nearly all the day , and there being no one present who could distinctly bring the robbery home , they were remanded till Wednesday , for the attendance of Mr . Johnson . The other witnesses were told they need not attend on Wednesday .

      Garden Robbebies . —On Monday last , a young mas named James Kneether , was charged at the Court House , vriih having stolen a quantity of peas , beans , onions . &c , from the garden of Mr . Benjamin Saxton , of Pontefract-lane . The prosecutor stated that he went to his garden , which is over the Leeds and Selby railway tunnel , at six o'clock that morning , and found the prisoner very busy at work ; he had got a quantity of peas and beans in a handkerchief , and-was just commencing at the oniou bed . He seized him , and kept him nDtil he could get an officer . He had suffered to a great extent by similar depredations . The prisonsr , on being called on , said he had been driven to it by want—a statement which his appearance certainly did not bear out .

      Mr . Lupton said the offence was getting very oommoD , and must be put a stop to . He was committed to Wakefield for six months , with bard labour . The next case called was against an old man named Wm . Ambler , who was charged with being found at two o'clock on Sunday morning , in Mr . Dawson ' s garden , at Cavalier Hill , helping himself to the cabbages , potatoes , &c . A watchman -was the witness in thi 3 case ; he was going his rounds , aad hearing a noise in the garden , looked in and found the prisoner at work . The old man declared he had not eaten anything for four or five days , thatfeehadawifeand child who were in the same eondmonrand that lie had been driven to the crime

      by hunger . The magistrates inquired where he belonged to , but this he could not distinctly answer ; he thought to Tadcaster ; bat they said he did not . He had been to Mr . Naylor ' s office , and Mr ... Nay lor wrote a letter to the Tadcaster overseers , giving him two shillings to take it . It also came out that he had received money from Mr . Naylor to fetch his uncle over from Church Fenton , who could prove his settlement , but that he had spent the money , and had not been to Mr . Naylor ' s afterwards . The magistrates told him he had acted very wrong ; and much as they might commiserate his distress , it was clear he had brought part of it on himself . They should niake a difference in his case , and Eead him to Wakefield for three monthg .

      Assaults ox the Police . —On Monday last , a ferocious fellow , named Francb Kenney , was charged with having , on Sunday forenoon , commenced a violent assault upon PoKce Sergeant "Wade . It is only a few months Bi ' nce the prisoner was taken into custody by Wade and another officer , for another offence , for which he was punished , and since that time he ba 3 repeatedly " vowed vengeance . " On Sunday forenoon , aprostitutenamed Ann Preston , residing in Back George-street . and with whom Kenney lives , being drunk , persisted iu Eitting outside of her honse , and it being nearly twelve o'clock , Wade ordered her in . Whilst he was talking to her , Xenney came np , and made a stroke at her with a stick , which missed her , upon which she ran in , and

      Kenney followed , and struck her several times . On hearing her screams , Sergeant Wade foiced his way into the house after tnem , when Kennc-y who seems to have been driven nearly mad by liquor , rushed at him , and besides striking him , kicked aiid bit him in the most savage mz . ner . Several persons who were present assisted the officer , and one or two were struck by the prisoner ; Mr . Robert Wrighl , shoemaker , was one of these , and he corroborated the officer ' s statement in every particular , as did other witnesses . It was . shown also that the female obstructed the officer in the execuiion of his duty , and attempted to rescue Kenney -when he bad ^ ot Mm secured . For this she was afterwards taken , and appeared in custody . Kemrey attempted to deny the officer ' s statement , and went into a rambline account to show that he vf as " more sinned

      against than sinning . " This , however , only made his case worse , for it was &hown that every statement he made was false . The magistrates , after some consultation , committed the woman for a month to Wakefield , as a lewd and disorderly character . Kenney was fined £ 5 , or two months' imprisonment , for the assault on Wade ; twenty shillings and costs , or one month , for that od iLr . Wricht ; and in addition , at the end of these two terms of imprisonment , to-fisd sureties , himself in £ 20 and two bondsmen in £ 10 each , to keep ths peace towards Wade and all Other persons for twelve znonth 3 , * in default of this to be imprisoned for that time . —Benjamin Gelder , was at- the fame time fined 203 . and cost ? , or a month ' s imprisonment , for having assanlted , one of the nightly watch , in Ellerby-lane , at two o ' clock on Sunday morning .

      Untitled Article

      L \ 1827 Sir James Graham , the present Secretary of State for the Home Department , in tis book upon " Corn and Cnrrency , " wrote thus : — " Whenever this country presents the spectacle of millions supplicating for bread , then will the people sweep aivay titles , pensions , and honours . " A Poseb . peom a Child . —A boy aiked one of bis father ' s guests who is next door neighbour was , and when he heard bis name , asked him ii the gentleman was not a fool . " No , my little friend , " said the guest , " he is no fool , but a very sensible man ; but why do you a = k the question I" " Why , " said the little boy , " my mother said , the other day , you were nest door to a fool , and I wanted to know who lived next door to you , "

      The Eskis Massacbe . —Thirty-nine indictments for wilful murder have been framed by the Crown in the police case for the Ennis Assizes , in which each man of the thirty eight committed , is severally charged as a principal , the rest aiding and abetting . The Li yebpool a >* d Glasgow Steam Ship Admibal . —This favourite vessel arrived here on Friday , after a remarkably short passage from Greenock . It is with pleasure tre observe her

      resume her place between Liverpool and Gl » e ^«> w , for , without disparagement to others , the Admiral is , to our taste , as fine a first-class steamer as is to be met with in this country . She is of the same class and description as the Achilles , and , from what we can learn , is of greater length of keel than the famed Boston and Halifax steam-Bhips . Although the speed , elegance , and comfort , of the Admiral are bo well known to travellers , we recommend every person who can apiveeiate a fine steam-ship to go to view th » Admiral . —Liverpool A&ion .

      Untitled Article

      Dublin , June 30 . —The clerks in the Post-office of Dublin , whose salaries exased £ 150 per annum , have received notice that they are 6 Hbject to the demands of the income tax , though resident in Ireland . This announcement has caused much surprise and ohagrin among these functionaries , LA . \ C 4 srsB Sands . —On the . evening of Mondayweek two men lost their lives in attempting to cross Lancaster Sands . The unfortunate persons were strangers . They were about thirty years of age , of middle stature , respectably attired , and had the appearance of jinrneymen engaged in trade . One had on a black coat , and the other a brown ' one .

      Extsaobdinaby Case . —On Saturday , an investigation was entered into before Mr . Wakley and a respectable jury , at the Volunteer Tavern , Upper Baker-street . Portman-square , on view of the body of Mr . E . Farrell , aged 60 , a gentleman of independent fortune , who died from the effects of starvation , under the very extraordinary and peculiar circumstances subjoined . From the evidence adduced it appeared that the deceased had resided for some months past at No . 31 , Upper Baker-street , and possessed extensive landed property in the south of Ireland . He was a gentleman , of the most eccentric habits , and for the last two months bad persisted in diminishing gradually the quantity of his food until it was wholly insufficient to sustain life . He became dreadfully low and ill in consequence , but refused at the same time to receive any medical advice . Ultimately he refused to take even

      the smallest quantity of nourishment , and on Monday locked himself in his room , where he remained , and refuged admission to any one for upwards of twenty-four hours , when the door was forced open . Dr . Walsh , of George-street . Portman-square , was immediately sent for , and found the deceased lying on the floor , in a staie of frightful emaciation and exhaustion . Dr . Quain was subsequently sent for , and in conjunction with Dr . Walsh used every means to restore ( im . Under their treatment he rallied , and was enabled to give an account of his connexions and affaira . He subsequently , however ,-had a relapse , and died on Wednesday , at twelve o ' clock . Upwards of £ 100 in cash was found in the deceased ' s apartment . The coroner having remarked on the very extraordinary nature of tho case , the jury ultimately returned a verdict , " that the deceased died from want of food . "

      Two Men Scalded to Death . A dreadful accident occurred at Dowlais iron works , on Wednesday last . Two men , named Edward Burke aud Frank Smith , were cleaning a culvert under one of the blast engines . The engine tender . in ignorance of any persons being in the culvert , tapped a boiler , the hot water and steam from which descended into it ; the poor fellows , frightened at the noise of the steam , made a rush towards a ladder , by which they might ascend from the culvert . The ladder was fixed in a winch , about fifteen feet deep , by the side of the engine-houso ; it waa through this passage that the water and steam from the boiler descended

      to the culvert . At the foot of the ladder they were met by a stream of scalding water which continued to pour over them during their ascent . Bnrke ' s appearance wa 3 pitiable in the extreme , nearly all the skin having peeled off his body . Smith was not so much scalded , he being the second in getting up the ladder . Mr . Russell , surgeon , was immediately in attendance , and did all that skill could suggest to ease their pain . Burke lingered in tho greatest agony until Friday evening , when death put a period to his sufferings . Smith survived him until Sunday morning , when death relieved him of all his pain ; he was a single man , about twenty-two years of age . Had they proceeded a few yards further into the culvert , instead of running to the ladder , this sad event would not have happened .

      A Wise Choice . —Highlanders have a great dislike to be hanged upon a fir tree—at least , they were wont to have . Whether they still retain this nnworthy and illiberal prejudice we don ' t know . It happened upon an occasion when Tonal was condemned to be hanged , either for some notorious breach of the law , or for disobliging "ta Chief , " that ' * she 1 ' was allowed to chose " her" tree . Tonal looked about and selected a very diminutive gooseberry bush , whereupon " she might , be justified " The finisher ol the law exclaimed with great indignation , " Tat tree wadna be lang eneugh for fifty years to hang her ? ' Tonal , however , was read y for the objection—" she was in nae hurry , Cot bless her—she wad just wait till ta tree grow . "— Scotch paper .

      Curious Manuscript . —Besides the valuable receipt from which Parr ' s Pills are now compounded , there are several MSS . pieces , written in his old qr . aiut style , on the value of health ; his opinions , though somewhat differently expressed , were , that the varieties of clime and modes of living made but little difference to our period of existence ; that the laws of nature are simple and easily understood , but they require perfect obedience . He deservi-dly denounced the silly mysteries assumed by the medical profession , being fully convinced of the power of his discovery , to thoroughly eradicate disease and to prolong life .

      Ireland . —Anothee Conflict With the police . —The Limerick Chronicle of Monday reports the following desperate outrage . It will be observed with regret , that this hitherto peacable oounty has latterly been disgraced by the too frequent recurrence of those acts of violence which has given to Tipperary so memorable a notoriety : — "An Headconstable Saahderson and five of the police stationed at Cappapore were patrolling on Sunday night last , they suddenly came upon and surprised several armed men , with their faces blackened , who a few minutes before bad entered the house of a wealthy farmer , named Coffey , living on the estate of Sir John Ribton , and within a quarter of a mile of Castleguard , the residence of tho Hon . Waller O'Grady , in

      this county . Head-constable Saunderson , with that zeal and intrepidity for which he is distingnibbed , first rushed into the house , though a loaded gun was opposed to bis entrance . A desperate conflict continued for several minutes in the dark , the ruffians haviug put out the light on the entrance of the police , during which the life of the Head-constable was providentially saved , one of the miscreants , who acted as sentinel , having presented and snapped a gun close to his person , which fortunately missed fire , but which , had it taken effect , must have been followed by instant death , as it was heavily loaded with bwan shot . Constable Rourke also received a severe wound on the head , which

      rendered him insensible ; and Coffey , the proprietor of the house , a deep and painful injury from a bayonet , which passed through his arm close to tho elbow . Four of . the fellows were made prisoners , the rest having escaped in the darkness , and wore yesterday transmitted to our county gaol , after a prolonged investigation , by Mesers . Tracy and F . W . Holland . The prisoners were followed through the country , on their way to gaol , by some hundreds , and presented a frightful appearance , which no doubt will have a saluian effect , as they were sent in as they were taken , infiagranle deliclo with tbeir faces blackened , to ^ eihtr with the captured arnv , consisting of two guns and a brace of cavalry pistols . "

      Distress . —The unemployed stHl increasoin Glasgow . Upwards of 1 . 000 " wrecks of men" wander about in want of employment ; besides these , 2 , 000 are daily fed from charity . In allusion to the dreadful distress that prevails in Ireland , the Archbishop of Tuam has addressed the following letter to Sir 11 Peel : — " Sir , —It would be criminal to delay any longer to call the attention of the Prime Minister to the j-tarvinj ; condition of a large portion of her Majesty ' s people . I have made mysnlf conversant with the details of misery , and though even a sense of duty would excuse my absence at this seasou , I have thought it a more imperative duty to stay at home , even to encounter all the importunities of distress , and to soothe those pangs of suffering

      which it is impossible to appease . There is no deception . It is not on the awful tale which the tongue may sometimes frame to deceive , that 1 rest the evidence of this unexampled destitution . No , it is on the tottering steps of groups of creatures returning from the fields where they have been plucking unwholesome vegetables—their jaundiced and livid looks bearing testimony to the scanty and poisonous nutriment by which they are necessitated to sustain their wetched existence . Amidst this heart-sickening misery the poor are denied the negative comfort of the poor houses , notwithstanding that the public funds have been so profusely expended on their erecdon . They are to be opened , it seems , after the pressure of this hard season

      shall have passed over . Have the enormous salaries of the Poor Law Commissioners , with all the accumulated perquisites of travelling , &c , been also ao'journed to the same period ! If we can rely upon the published accounts of the disbursements , it seems that Eome sixty or seventy thousand pounds have been already expended on those functionaries , and that other subordinate officers are entitled to pay , whilst , in many instances , not one particle of charitable relief has reached the poor of some of the most distressed localities . Express , therefore , no surprise at the deep-feated anxiety of the Irish people for an Irish Parliament under an undivided sway of an Imperial Crown . In their anomalous condition it would be more surprising if they did not steadily persevere in asserting their right to their only

      protection against ever-recurring scarcity in-despite of every discouragement . No honest politician can wish the country to be doomed to perpetual beggary . Were it blessed with ten times its present produce , and all the discoveries of chemistry already applied to agriculture to be exhausted on ita cultivation , its only effect would be by increasing on * exports to increase the number of our absentees , who , by coping in luxury with the proud patricianB of England , are rendered so needy that no increase of rents or price of produce can satisfy their rapacious demand ; and thu 35 while the dishonest financier would be dedttoting from the exports of Ireland proofs of its prosperity , the looker-en might , alas ! at this moment , in many parts of this district , have to weep vi Bilent pity over the slow but certain starvation of the people . "

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      » Po ^ TI 0 N F £ Nlsw " YoBK . —The handsome sum of £ 304-63 . has been ii ^ eived from New York , through Mr . Hugh Auoninclosa , being th « i amount of a subsenpuonia iihat city m behalf of t * ie Buffering poor . of certain tpwna ih Scotland . The ; money , which was > ea « tted under charge , ito the Hon . Sir James Campbell , Lord Pjrovoat , and Mr . A . Thomson , Amenean Consul in this city , has been paid over to the Chief magistrates of th < 5 respective towns , m accordance with the instructions received from New Yotk . -r-GUisgow Chronicle . :

      On Monday last , at thei Southampton Sessions , during a trial of feurteen men for a riot , one of the Jurymen oommenpedsmokingjaoigar . Tire Recorder , Mr . Sergeant Cockbura , was so iudignant that he stopped the proceedings of the Court , gavo the puffing Juryman i severe lecture , declariug that his condnot was one of the grossest - insults ever offered in an EngliBh Court of Justice , and : fined him £ 10 . On theassembliijg of . the Colin tbi following morhmg , the Juryman made an apology to the Court , and was excused paying the fine .

      ^ Repbievb of Fbancis the Convict . —On Saturday afternoon , a messenger was sent down from the Home-Office to her Majesty ' s gaol of Newgate , with a reprieve for the convict John Francis , who lay under sentence of death for his reoent attempt upon the life of the Queen . Through thu cleoienoy of her Majesty , whose benevolent wishes ^ vvere consulted by the privy council , by whomi the fate of the wretched man was decided , his life has been spared , and his sentence is now commuted to transportation for life to _ the most penal settlemens of Tasmania . The prisoner received the tidings of mercy in a manner which became his situation . Ho had become very anxious and despondingas the day fixed for the execution of himself and Cooper approiched .

      The following particuiars of a most murderous outrage and robbery , comaiified a few nights : ago upon Mr . and Mrs . Webb , of Tormauton , Gloucesterehire , were inserted in the Government Police Gazette of Saturday . It appears that ' -as the persons alluded to were returning home froni Chipping Sodbury , in a light spring cart , thoy were stopped by five men , armed with formidable bludgeons , when oue of them struck Mr . Webb a violent . blow on the head , which Etunnod him . On recovering he found himself lynuj in the middle of the road , and several

      of the party holding him and rifling his pockets , from one of which they stole a pursey containing about five pounds in gold and sil . voiv They also dragged Mrs . Webb frpmvthe cart , and robbed her of 18 : ; ., and other property . The fellows then got into the cart and drove offhand Uio horse a&d [ Yehiclo wero subsequently ! found within half a niilo of the spot where the atrocious outrages wero perpetrated A reward has been offered for the apprshension of the villains , of two of whom a correct description has been snven .

      St . Rollox Chimney . —Thin s > reat undertaking was finished on Wednesday , bein ^ that day twelve months from the t \ mn when tbn first brick was laid , and the British ensign was , in honour of tho event , unfsrled from its summit . The greatest anxiety was manifested b y a numerous body of the citizens to get to the top of the building , as , indeed , has been the case for Borne days past , aiid through the kindness of Mr . M'Intire , tlie contractor , ilio wish was very liberally gratified , Mr . M'lntyre himself accompanying almost every bucket-load of visitors . Some hundreds have been hoisted to the top , and , dangerous as the enterprise may appear , all who have braved it acknowledge that the risk was amply repaid by the magnificence of the prospect spread bin below them . The chimney , as before stated , rises 450 feet froin the ground , and at least 600 r ' cot abovo the more |

      densely peopled portions of tho city and the bed of the river . In relative "'' height , independent of the elevation of its base , it is little inferior to the loftiest superstructures in the world ; iii absolute height it towers into the air incomparably higher . The great pyramid Cheops rises 498 ' feet , but-. this includes a base of 150 . Strasbuffjh Cathedral is 474 ; St . Peter ' s , in Rome , from ground to pinnacle , 450 , being exactly the altitude of tho monstre chimney ; St . Paul's , in London , 370 . The base of the chimney underground id 4 'i feet in diameter ; at the ground , 40 V at the ton , 13 feet 6 inchoa . During all the time this prodigious mass of brick work has be > -n orecting , not tho slightest accidenthaa occurred , which is very much owing to the extremo caution aud attention of tho excellent engineer and his a-jjlc coadjutor , Mr . M'Imyre , the contractor , who have thus raised a monument to their professional reputation the loftiest in the world . —Glasgow Chronicle .

      Aristocratic Amusements—It was but the other day her Ma jo . yty , surrounded by a croypd of heir aristocratic parasites , enjoyed the pleasure of reviewing a portion of the Household Troop * at Wormwood Scrubs , and , in all propability , whilo so occupied ^ little thought of the abject condition of the fine fellows mancBvring before ; her—little imagined that among tbe gorgeous host there was scarcely one who , by the brutal regulations uf her service , was not liable to be called out from the ranks , tied like a rabid dog , and whipped till tho colour of hi $ lacerated back should rival the hue of his coat I and yet , such is the fact , and buch ia the insulting and dangerous position in which tbe Spvon i / , f n is placed with reference to the Military and Nava 1 service ot

      the country . It is said that discipline cannot be preserved without the lash — tben let the oat-o-ninotails become at oncejhc acknowledged syrabol-oiVche British service—ibe borne on Ha colours , and emblazoned on its appointments . If wo must continue to flog men like vicious bruteR , let it be done openly and man ' ully , in the Fight of the indignant people , by whom the ranks of the army are filled ; If tnero be no sin in thr act | there sbouid bo no shame in the performance , and the test of its propriety won Id be speedily found in the expression of public opiniou so elicited . On Friday se ' nhighta private of . the 2 n < J battalion of Fusileer Guards was coruleinned to this most degrading torture , and in one of the secret

      recesses of the Portman-street Barracks ^ received 150 lashies , or 1 , 350 lacerations , for somo petty offence to his superiors , who , aa thu world . toes ? , seem to have , in our service ; no better way of" showing their superiority than by occasionally condemninfi ; their fellow-creatures to this degradation . Again and again we have said , if flagging is so absolutely necessary for the soldier , why nit hot had recourse to for delinquent officers ? or are " -the latter not , to be considered soldiers ! Surely the discipline oi * the service shouli he equalised , a ? well aa th « danger , and if only- one or two of the simpering M artinetfl that struc about the parka was txjjosed to the infliction by way of example to their f « liow fops , we should soon have the cat driven from our service .

      SinGULA . n Phenomenon . —Wednesday forenoon , a phenomenon ot most rare an-1 . xtniontinary character was observed in the immediate , neighbourhood of Cupar . ' About , half-past twelve o'clock ; whilst the sky was ciear , and the air , as it had been throughout the morning , perfectly calm , a girl employed in tramping clothes i )< a nib , » m the piece o ground above tlie town , called 'he comi « on , 'lieard-a . loud and sharp report over hi-u > l , mw ;* - < in . ' by it gutu of wind of most extraordhi ! irv vt iK-mci oo . and ot only a few momeuts' duration Un liX'kiiig roui'd she observed the whole of . tlu ; clothes , sheeth , & >\ , lying within a line of a ctr ain bn-adih , ¦ Ptrtsieniug across the the green ,, dLivoi almost pe . rpernii culurly into the air . _ Sonio . heavy w ^ t . sheets , blankets , and other articles o ! a liUty na live , af / er being carried toa great height , toll v ^ oiiift m the ad - joining gardens , and some ¦ V > n ihe huiii road , at teverar hnndrfd yards' diatain-M ; tuioihtr portion

      of the articles , however , cpnsr « tirig of a qtiziitsity of curtains , and a number of smiilior artioles , wero carried upwards to an imraoi . se hiiaht . m > : j « to b < : almost lost to the eye , and gradually r-isttpiwared altogether frora t-iyht in a tiouiij-t-a-oierii ( iiveoion , and have not yet been heard of . At th « -ni !> rnt ; r , t i-f the report which preceded tim wturf ,. tho cuule hi the neighbouring meadow , vkio obBi-rvtiti runiniit about in au affnglittd state , aim li > r - <> i :: t- ' ' . itjis a ! f < . iwards they continued : cowering roKeilur ui t"vidi ; in terror . The violeiice of the ivi Vf - . ttti-wioh tbst a woman , who at the time w < is . lolduii - a . blanket , found herself -unable to retain h- . r hold , and rtijnquibhed it in the tear ofbeing ca > r ' u \ d upiin . i ! - with it . ' It is remai-kablo that , Avdilo » 'v ¦ ¦ ••> . t ¦ . ¦ ' " ::. vi . p ; -. t . articles were btripped off a bfi » , atrit w < r-. nnctng across the green , and while t ho loops •¦ - ' si'V . vat sheets . which wore pinned-down were ju >> ' p ¦; ' , Li \ hc articlerilviiig loose on botli -Mdei * . < ¦ •* -1 " - t » t wtr n 6 ver Koved from their positii » ij .- / 'V ' /' ( ' ^'

      . Texas and England . —Th . . r' . ! t . fi ' c : r .. '_ :-i' ^ » ^ long-pending treat es between Greii iiii' ^ 'a ?» nd Tc-xas were exchanged at two o ' cipek - .. *• » -. [<¦• ¦ ¦ -c ^ . the 28 ih hist ., by the Earl ot A ^> ^ iet ' , | . ' i-i . ¦ : ;• : i ,-tiary of Great Briiain , and . the fl «! . ; . . A >> .- " -. i S .-. - -W , plenipotentiary of' tile republic .-oi' T . \ .- . T'H ' . < e treaties are three in number ;—a- trt-a ;> •>* . » j »! Uy , navigation , and commerce , —a rrtuty im ^ . » ¦< : ¦;¦ i '» mediation by Great Briiaiu betw ^ cu ji . t-it ^ vb . ics ol Mexico and Texas , —and a : treaty : * v l'a ' i .- ¦ ' '¦ - > : ^ rocal right of search for tbe suppri -vft . ¦!• i " the African slave trade . They . " mae liotofciii f t i n 18-10 , and concluded in November of that ytar ^ ••> V ' scouut Palmerston and General Jaii / ss Hamiitoii . ; Tiie powers to ratify the two first have b « en ¦ sj . ' v . « . > iyt . idoi . -i . able time in'England , but their corepitt oi . has bt'en ? ery properly delayed until the tacia

      treaty granting the right of eearoh -eonui pm himiutaneously exchanged . By the trt&iy j-iiiao e to Mexico , Great Britain offers her ihediauoii . oeswean Mexico and Texas , on the following con it ! im : — Texas to assume ene million sterhng of iii <; pu > lio debt of Mexico , provided that ' - . state rectv . ; sos the independence of the new republic ,: and at ^ -tfe to a satisfactory adjustment of thei boundary 1 in- between the two countries . The proffered meaianpn of Great Britain between Mexico and Texas wiil , it ia to be hoped , be productive of immetiiaiV p- aciv between those countries , and of an early exrharge of amicable relations . The prosperity or tither is seriously retarded by the hostile' posi ! ion they have again assumed towards each other , and tim / interruption of trading facilities between Eu ro pp and Mexico can only be prolonged at the cost of Ei ' . glish ntercstp-

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      ¦ -. ; : HORRIBLB CASE 5---VlOlATIt > N OF A CHIiD BT ITS OWN FAfflEH .-rWilliam Simmonds , a labouring man , * m ' < " > , Sa' ^ ay brongh t before T . Twining , . Esq ., at i wjckenhapi Police Court , charged with having violated his own cjqild , only twelve years of age . Jane Simmonds . apretty looking and ifttelligent child , detailed the fall particulars of her father ' s uipeatuoug ptibc ^ edings , in a manner which left no doubt df the truth of her horrible tale . It also appeared that . he had acted in a similai mariner to her sonte weeks before , which she had not'divuleed

      at the time from fear of his threatened beating . — Sergeant Allaway deposed that on ascertains thei truth bf the offence haying been committed , he fetched in a surgeon to examine tba child , and he took the prisoner into custody ;—Dr . Litchfield , of Twickenham j felt confident , from the examinatipa he had made , that thecapital offence bad . been com ploted . He had found ^ onsidvrable inflammation , although , from the appearances , he was of opinion that it was not the first time the child bad beeti so treated . —Tho prisoner , who denied the charge , was fully committed to Newgate to take his trial .

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      IN pi a and China— . Overland Mail . —The French telegraph conveys the following news brought by the Indian mail , which left Malta the 26 th , and reached Marseilles the 29 ch . On the 16 th , General Pollock joined Sir R . Sale at Jellalabad , re-e 6 tab-IisHing on his march the authority of Thorabaz Khan Sullpoora . ; He was to march , on Cabul as soon as he was joined by Colonel Boulton . General England had re united troop , ? , ferced the . passes , and joined General Nbtt at Kandahar . Captain M'Kenzie had arrived at Jellalabad , with offers from Akbar-Khan to release his prisoners on conditions . The answer was not known . Elphihstone died on the 23 rd of April . China news is of the 19 th . On the 10 th of March the Chinese , 10 , 000 or 12 , 000

      strong , tried to retake Ningpo , while another force attacked Chinghae ; In bj ) th . instances they wert ) repulsed with considerable loss . — - General Pollock ' s arrival at Jellalabad ( an ovent rendered probable-by the intelligence by the last arrival ) is now placed beyond doubt . The Gallant General will . moat likely advance upon Cabul , which ib not in a state to offer resistance to his approach . The movement "? seems > to be antioipated by Ahbar Khan ; : whoj it is repprted t is desirous to treat for the release of his prisoners , and has made overtures to this effect through Captain Mackenzie , who had reached Jellalabad with his proposals . General England ' s having effected a junction of his forces with those under General Nott , is well received

      here , as on tho Buccessful accomplishment of his . attempt depended the extrication of both Commanniiera from ppsitiona of immense peril . Their combined force will enable them not merely to maintain their position , but to prosecute offensive operations _ with . effect , and thus co-operate m the general objects of the war . The war will , doubtlc 3 s , bo prosecuted with vigour . The lessons taught by the reverse of tho past winter , will not , be lost upon thobe who are especially bound to regulato their course by experierice . Our troops may storm forts , oaplurft towns , and take possession of proviuces . whiie . tho seasoii favours enterprises of daring valoiir but a northern winter , to the comparatively effeminato natives of the more Southern climes , is a

      tearful test ; to , which , if privation of necessary supplied hnd exposure to the inclemency of the season in forced marches be Bupcradded , their powers of eudurance may prove unequal . We shbuld be well satisfied to know that the past had induced a determination on the part of the British Government to refrain from risking tho consequences of an attempt to retain possession of Affghauistan . The war in China progfessc 3 in the way m which an expedition , undertaken against a nation so populous , and yet ; so feeble ( because so ignorant of and unacquainted with any means of encountering and resisting tho powers of European warfare ) must

      progress . It is really painful to contemplate the slaughter which artillery , directed by the tcience of British engineers , must cause when directed against dense bodies of inexperienced and apparently unconscious people , who appear paralyzjd by the effects of our engines of war , of which they know nothing until they find themselves placed within their range , without the power of resistauce , and without the means of cscapei This appears to have been the case at Ningpo , to retake which from the British , a force of 10 , 000 or 12 , 000 Chinese was employed , most of whom , it would seem , were destroyed by our guns , or drowned by the swamping of their warjunoks . ' ¦ ' - .: ' ¦" : ' "'¦ ¦ . ¦ " - ' . \ - ' ¦ : ¦;¦ ¦

      An Extraordinary Express from Pans , dated Monday , states that a Commercial Treaty is almost ready for signature between the Prench and Belgian Governments . The Belgians reduce the duties on French wines , Bilks , and salt . . The Frenoh admit Belgian thread and linen . The Belgians still hold out for some cohcesstona on iron ; but the Treaty will probably be signed this week . ' : '' The Madrid Gazette publiBhea a circular of the Minuter of Marine to his subordinates , in which he promises to place the military navy of Spain on a rflspeptable footing , which would enable it to afford an efficacious protection to her transatlantic possessions . ¦ . ¦

      The Barcelona Constitutional of the 27 th ult . sta-te ' s , that five CaTlo-Ghristino bandits having been captured by the National Guard of E 3 Cala , three who had been taken With arms in their hands , were immediately shot , and the two others wero transferred to the competent authorises . The Leipsic Gazette publishes a private loiter from the frontiers of Italy , stating that arrests had been made lately at Pisa , in tbe kingdom ; of Naples , and in the Pontifical States . Although numerous bodies of troops are quartered throughoHt the Peninsula , symptoms : of serious disturbances manifest themselves on all points . The Swiss troops at Naples inspire no feaXv

      Our Accounts from Beyrout are of the 10 th ult . An apprehension was entertained that a general rising would shortly take p lace in the mountain . On the 8 th Emir Abdalla , with his two eons , sought refuge on board aii English frigate . On the 9 th the St > raykier Mustapha and Izzet- Pasha waited in person on Colonel Rose , to demand the surrender of the Emir , The Colonel returned a formal refusal . The Pacha said that they would carry him off by force ... The Colonel replied , pointing at the frigate , " Heis there ; tako him if you cam" On the tenth , twelve Sheiks retired on board the same frigate , having been informed , that they Would be arrested in the course of the day . Several others who did not avail themselves of the caution were actually apprehended . The Turks had arranged a . plot for seizing by a coup de main the Catholic patriarch ot Lebanon . .

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      IRELAND . Special Commission in Tipperary .-t-Clonmel , June 28—The special commission was opened here tfjis morning ,, before Chief Justice Pennefather and Otdei . " Justice / . . Doherty * The town was veryMmtch crowded by the gentry and peasantry of the county , the cro < n having summoned as jurors upwards of 600 genck'inen , comprising all the magifltracy and landed proprit tora of Tippetary , and largo bodies of the country people having come to witness the trials of their friends and relatives . Tbe case which excited most interest -was . that of William Kent , a comfortable farmer , charged with having conspired , with , two other persops , to murder the late Mr . Hall , one of whom , Patrick Byrnes , was this day arraigned as principal . / The Hon . '

      Ffaricis Aldboro Prittie , and twenty-two other gentlemen of eminence in the county , / were Bwojn in aa the GmniV Jury . The Chief Juatice charged them at eonsidernblo lencth , iu ah able and eloquent address , in the course 6 f vrhich he said they had met upon a very solemn , a very iniportant occa 6 io-:- ^ -to endeavour to triuiquillis ' e this unhappy country , by giving protection Vi the ¦ well-disposed , by putting down disorder and yuilt , and bringing to condiga punisfiinent those men upon whom the desert of their guilt ought to ML 16 was a notorious fact , that a very great pprdori of this fine country—the north district of It—was in a ] araei ; table state of disorganisation and insubordination to-the laws . It was shocking to humanity to be informed of the ontrages : that almost daily occurred in

      that part of the country , in whiqh neither Me nor property wero secure ; no man cpuld consider his life safe nor his property his own white assassination pervaded t ) : » land iu open day , and when tbe murderer hardly s . / uyht the advantage of concealment from the dark-UK ^ s tjf night . Property was as insecure as life ; no ui- ( ii could besaid : tQ be master of his own property ; a umn could not choose his tenants or Mb servants except » . » ; . tlie peril o £ his own life and the livea of those whom Ijh ini « ht think proper to employ . All that part of the ui / amry seemed to combine in one / universal system of outrage , for the purpose of beating down all law , and achievin

      except the lawlesB edicts that came from midnight legialatora or unlawful Associations . . His Lordship read the calendar , which shewed an aggregate ef 125 cases of violence , committed within the three months ending the 10 th of May last . As this violent system covered a district of three baronies , it was concloeive that it could not proceed from , nor did it originate with , the conduot of an * iiidiViclnal / Jaadlord it was too general for that . This state of things must be stoppled by the Btrong arm of the l&w , aud the perpetrators ahoold be taught by practical experience that the laws of God and man were not to be violated with impunity . William Kent and Patrick Byrnes were placed at the tar , the first charged with conspiring to murder the late Mr . Hall ; and the second with being a principal in the murder of that gentleman . Several other ; prisoners were arraigned , and the Court adjourned for the day without entering on any trial . At ten o ' clock on Wednesday morning , Chief Justices Pennefather and Doherty took their seata on the bench , and the Jury

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      ( ten of whom were magistfa ^ a ) hiTing been swom , the trial commenced / , toet ^ risonew ^^ ding " Not miltj , '' Tho Attorney-Qeneial stated the case for the prosecution , and proceeded to call the trifeieaseB , the principal one being 3 ! im tfiogani the approTer ; * fco swore to the fact of Mr . Kent having incited him . and ' two other labourers to murder Mr . Hall , andtohavhag eoen Byrnes shoot that gentleman . After the , examina- - tion of . a nnmber of witnesses , the Court adjourned till i Thursday , -when , the case for the Crown having been / concluded , Mr . Hafisard addressed the Jury on behalf > of Byrnes , and Mr . James Dyer for Kent , bothTjentfe . > men extending that this Was a consphracy got up for / the purpose of obtaining tbe large reward offered At r five o ' clock the Lord Chief Justice commenced to charge < the Jury , and finished about eight The Jury found Byrnes Guilty ; Kent Not Guilt ? .. Sentence was not ¦ passed .: / . ; - . - . ' ¦¦' - ¦ ¦ . ¦ " . ' - - /¦ -. , ¦/ .. } .- " -V : - .. : . '¦¦/•• ' . - ' ,

      MunpER—Timotty T ^ oodsi al Quilty , waa placed at tho bar , charged with having wilfully and maliciously murdered one iPatrickLaffan en the 18 th of May last , by shooting him with a pistol , and inflioticg a wound oa the neck of which he died . A second count charged a person unknown with haying inflicted two wounds witfi a stone on the deceased * and the prisoner with aiding and assisting , dec . The Attorney General , in stating the case for the prosecution , said that the short narrative of the murder now about to be investigated was , that on the 19 th of May tost , about the hear of six o ' clock in tha motning , two assassins dragged tbe deceased man from the bouse of a person , Patrick Cammins ; flne of thein . fired a plfltol-snofc , which they supposed to have caused his death , bat the

      unfortunate man had strength enough , though mortally wounded , to run a short distance after he was fired at . The two assassins first thought their ! victim was actually dead , but , perceiving he was able to move , after they discharged the pistol , they pursued him along the road' for the distance of 250 sards ; they overtook him ; they made a second attack on him , fractured his skull by blows , sufBcient of themselves to cause his death , and fled immediately after the unfortunate man fell on a dunghill , where he was found , and waera he remained forseveral hoars without tho common offices of humanity . These statements were corroborated by evidenc 9 i and . the prisaner having been found guilty , was sentenced to be executed on the 16 th instant " - "¦ ¦'¦"¦ ¦¦ - ' ' ¦ : '¦'¦ : ¦/; -r ¦•/¦ - ; ''¦ - ¦¦ ,-

      . . . . . Corneliu 3 Flynn and Patrick Dwyet were next indicted , the former for having on the 29 th of May last , at Carrigagoun , in this couhtyV assaulted . George M'Donnell , by drawing the trigger of a loaded pistol , ¦ with Intent : to disaWe him , - and tbe latter for aiding and assisting . There / -was a second count , in wiricb both prisoners were charged with an assanlt , with intent to do him some grievous bodily harm . The prisoners pleaded '"• ' Not guilty . " The jury returned a verdict of Guilty against both prisoners . John Pound was indicted for paving on the night of

      the 15 th Apfil , at Coole , in this county , discharged a loaded gun at Bridget and Patick Connack , with intent to disable them . There were other counts charging him with intent to do grievous bodily barm , for mallcionsly injuring the dwelling-house of Patrick Cormaek , and for appearing armed by night The prisoner pleaded " Not guilty . " Mr . Hassard addressed the jury on behalf of the prisoner , and produced witnesses for the purpose of proving an ' - ' alibi . Chief Juatice Doherty charged the jury , who brought in a verdict of Guilty withput leaving the box .

      Daniel Kelly was given in charge for having , on the SOthof May , at Garryglass , in this county , demanded firearms from Rebecca Hodgens , and feloniously struok her with a stick with intent to disable her . Ah attempt was made in this case also to set up an alibi for the prisoner , The jnry found the prisoner guilty . The Lord Chief Justice , in . passing sentence , said that the thirst for firearms among persons of his class was one of the foundations of the disturbances in the country . What sould persons in the class of which the prisoner was * , a member want with firearms , except to carry out unlawful purposes , and perpetrate those crimes by which the country was overrun ? His Lordship then sentenced the prisoner to two years' imprl sonment , to 'be kept in solitary confinement for the first and last months of that term , and be kept to hard labour each alternate month .

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      THE GOLD PANIC ! A " panic" has come again—a golden panic ! The people are rushing in crowds to the bankers and money * changers to get rid of their gold for paper tradesmen make it a favour to receive sovereigns , and postmasters will not take them at all , if they be too light by s feather ' s weighfc •" ... . / ¦ -.-It may well be asked , what can all this " pother " about sovereigns mean ? The history of it stems to be : this :- ^/ -- ;^ - ¦ : .:-. - - " ; - " / , ' - . . . ' ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ ' ^// . ¦ ¦ v ' . / - ; '¦¦' . ' ' , ' - ' A number of sovereigns of the reigns of Geo . III . and William IV . have become lighter from wear , and the Government having in its wisdom discovered the feet , sent forth a proclamation explanatory of the law , and

      stating that / light sovereigns will not be received in payments at the public offices ; The consternation this occasioned was indescribable . Scales for weighing the coin were in instant requisition in every part of London ; tradesmen were afraid to receive the Queen ' s coin , and on Saturday night the confusion was increased by the mechanica and others , who had been paid in gold , finding great difficulty to get their sovereigns changed . In some places shopkeepers would n » t take them at all , whilst in very many instances the humbler classes were shamefully robbed by persons telling them that a sovereign was worth from only fifteen shillings to eighteen shillings , for which amount , being anxious to provide food for their families , these poor people consented to part with them . ¦ - . ¦ . ¦ . ' - ' /• ' ; ...- '¦ . " ¦/ .- '•¦¦ ' - .. ' .: :- // ' ¦ ' - .

      The London papers differ as to the extent of the loss which has taken place on ihe gold coinage , some mag nifying it to a large amount , some regarding it as trifling ; but whether the loss on the sovereigns arising from legitimate " wear and tear" be much or little , it ought not to have been thrown on individuals who honestly received the money ia the regular coarse of baslneiss .-: . - / . : -: ;' - . / ; // . \ " / - / - \ - ¦" ' /¦; '¦ ' /¦ ' . . ' ¦ C / . / ¦¦ It is the prerogative of the Crown , as the trustee of the sation i to issue coin of proper weight and flnenest , and it is stamped in order that the people may be certain thai the piece of gold bearing the impress of Majesty is not only genuine , bat that it is of the proper weight and fineness . Gold , like every thhig else in circulation , will wear out—it will become :. «• light ;" but it is tbe proper business of the Government to take

      care , when light money comes into its hands , —and it is calculated that all , or very nearly all , the circulating medium passes through the Government offices at least once a year , —that it is not re-issued , and to direct every ' light" sovereign to b « thrown into the meltingpot , and new ones issued in their stead . It will be said that this would be attended with loss . To be sure It -would ; but what wonW that matter ? It would not be toa considerable amount ; and , whether it be greater or less , it is a loss which every country must and ought to sustain . But our very-wise Government neglected to do this ; they re-issued " light" sovereigns as fast as they received them , and , when an outcry was raised against them , they increased the fuss by sending put a prpclamation , the only good tendency of which iSr-to cause some thousands of persons to be shamefully robbed . . '; - - ¦ ¦' ¦¦ :- ' : - ¦ ¦'¦¦¦' : ¦' . •¦ . " . . "¦¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦/ . '

      The Morning Herald talks about sovereigns being " sweated , " and we have heard of their being " plugged " also ; but we never yet met with a ; person who had seen one " plugged , " nor do we believe any such practice hai ever existed . If they be ; " plnirged , " it cannofc be very difficult to detect them , but we have heard of no such detection . A sovereign , we ¦ believe , is worth about 19 s . 10 d . ^ -that is . in order to prevent their being melted down , their intrinsic worth is rather below the valueat which they circulate as coin . Now , to " plug " ¦ a sovereign-sp as to obtain a profit on . t&e operation is no very easy matter . The sovereign must be fixed ina vice— -a very fine drill mast be Very carefully used , and when sixpenny worth or a shilling's worth of gold' dnst is drilled ont , the hole most be

      " plugged * ' again with some inferior metal , and the aperture in the edge be verj ^ carefully concealed . -In all this there is / care , and trouble , and risk ; for a sovereign may be entirely , spoiled in the operation ,. and the plugger , instead of gettiog a profit , may have to pop the sovereign into the melting pot , and sell it as bullion for less than it Would pass for as coin . Besides , he may chance to get detected , and then , instead . of reaping wealth from pluj'gery , he would , in all probability make a trip to the Antipodes . We have little belief , tberefore , in the stories about plugging , and not much more in the " sweating '' bnsihess . What is understood by sweating -is '; this : ¦—A number of Bovereigns being put into a sack , the sweaters each take hold of one end ,

      and shake the sack to and fro ; and it Is supposed that the sovereigns coming into collision ; wear off some grains ' of gold . After the sweating operation j which must affect the sweaters as well as the sovereigns , the sack , worth 5 s . or 6 s . —for it must be . a good strong one —is burnt , and . the gold dust is then scraped away from the ashes . We douot vtry much if sufficient gold could be obtained in this way to pay for the sweating of the sweflters and the sack . If it be done , We belieVe it is to a very trifling extent . No ; the lightness of the sovereigns comes from their wear and tear , and this is proved by the date of the sovereigns . All , or nearly all , the " lights" are twenty ; years old , whilst thoseof a more recent date are of the proper weight .

      Why , then , all this V hubbub" has been raised , we know not Is there a scheme on foot for establishing one bank of issue ? :: tg > issue ; small notes again 2 To prepare the public fer this , was it deemed , necessary to raise an outcry against gold , . and to bring it into discredit ? Ordo the GoTemment expect a war , and , in orier to proTide gold to carry it on wiUi " Tigpur , "to use toe / flflah ; ternt of ; 1810 ^ -haye they not only induced the iBank to hoard some seven or eight mil Uons in her cellars , but ate now determined- to drive the sovereigns out ot circulation , thereby to decrease

      the circulating medium , and render aifltreaa more uni versal , in order that tie public may be induced to demand another Bank restriction ; and a free circoiatien of small notes from one bank of issue ? . Ail these things are ; spoken of ; but , though it is difficult to tell what object the Government has hi view , of this we feel certoin , that all this fuss about" light" sovereigns , which are refused at the post-office , and received by private bankers , has not been made without a motive , and that motive we ahall Bee revealed before many weeks have passed over our hesds . —BrigfiUmUenM ,

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 9, 1842, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1169/page/3/