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Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th June 1842, Edition 1 of 5, Page 6, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      aiECHANIGS' INSTITUTION AlsD LITERARY SOCIETY . On" Monday evening last , was held the first general snceiing of the members of the United Mechanics' Lisilttmon and Literary Soc-je ; y- Tbs meeting was held in the Saloon of the Mechanics ' Hall , at naif-past seven o ' clock ; there was a very large attendance . On the motion of ilr . WiHi » , m West , seconded by the Rev . Charles Wicksteed , John Eope Saaw , Esq . was c » ik * d vo the cha ; r The GaRirman expressed tie grathuce he fdt for the h .. 'Dour of being called upon to preside at the

      Sxa , united meeting of the Mechanics Institution aad Lii =- " 3 . ry Society , and his j- > y at the consummation- o ; i- - . fi union—a joy which was . materially damped by a bom which had been put , into his han-s aair he bad entered the ivom , end wh : ch apoloojftti for izt rn > n-a : * iii . ai ; ce of ilr . Bai-ie ? , © n account of a suuden avacl ; of illness ,,, under which hi ? medical man had debarred him from takicg part in their procced ; i , g-. The Chuirmau then entered felly into the advantages which would be saeuted by their union , and ihen called upon iir . 32 . Ba : nc-a , Junior .

      Mr . K . Baixe 3 , jun . read an elaborate report , Which &t the request of the Commits bv had drawn up , J ; was of Tery cossiaerabk krg h , of which we give t " . e luost important parts . A : ar some introdnt-iefy matter it proceeded io consider"I . THE PRESEXI STAT 2 CF THH TVi ' O 1 > 'ST 1 TU'ilOSS AT lilElR . VISION . " The Mechanics' Institution has . at this time on its boots— 77 Proprietary members . t-7 Yearly and Half-yearly subscribers .

      -J' ; 4 Total . " It : » found that the number of subscribers fluctuates c-- . ^ . 'ierably . according to the attractions ¦ which maffi-. i" : Lne to time bb prtsrr .: c-. i , in Itc ' . nr .-s and Othir ^ L- A : present , the nau ; : :- r is n . j : e th ^ n twice as grv v ; i ? b Ibr « the new hall w . % s yurrhaied . It Hiay t > e hov i tnat the inertase is Let in = U ) y considerable deyc-c t-j W 23 cri" -Bil to the Bote ' ty of po 3 >< -s ; in ;; this exeeli -- ru-iding ; bat tha * it i « ratrser owing £ o tbe £ nbstanti . v = a » antasea offered * > y t- ^ Institution , esp&eia ^ y in its "til-coa- 'Jucted classes . T ^ osi classes contain the fo'Jowinc numbers of pupils : — The D a « i = g CL 1 S 3 , under the cire o * Mr . 1 UUiiiell ... ... ... ... ¦•* ... ' S 4 Ihe ?; -. 'hePiatical and Arirhinf : ? cal Cl ^ ss , aoiler the core of ilr . S ^ nis 103

      " Th-se include the ¦ whole ran-ber -who have attachen tbrios ^ lTes to tb . 2 reypeU ^ ve elates tJnrins ; the last hr : i ? j--ar , mid the regular attti > dai ; c- ^ . ? . s may be snppo > rd ' is by no me-uis bo large . Accommodation tas ' iy . en ni 3 U 9 by the Cjnxnv ' rtee for a Chemical class ; bat , cwku : to various circunistajjcea , that class , which existed t * -he signal advantage of its memb-rs in the old li- > v . n . ion , has not yet b- - - « n re-open-d in the sew . It "will b-. use cf fas first dtKi-- * f -he Committee to fee ape * - !' t-d this evtninir , t-. > f-rra a Chemicalciass . and a '? r > a ti" ^ s for teaching tfe principles of Mechanics . The iiitcroU of the tewn . wfcich is so dependant for its pr . i ¦ := --rity upon 1 \ 3 minn ' jctnres and its dyeing , imr * -Ta : rr- ' . j cali f sr the ee"a >"" . i ? anient of these classes , and U > rui < rs of the Inst'tntio :: ' j «> iT . Tt ; y rcqaire it

      " T £ - propertj of the Mec ^ iani-. V Iusntut ^ on coriifts , pjist . hi . t » frill , ¦ y hich was pwrchut-e-1 f--r £ 2250 , and adapted -o the purposes of t e In * utn . ion at an additions : ; cost of £ 5 ; : 0- —Seccrd . in its Library , ^ hJcb consists : f between 1300 and l-5 ' . 'O voluuitis , of "which a great r-. rt are standard ¦ works uf sci / nce ; and tbird , in an trst ^ -.: 3 iTe and -ralnuble sppirstas , cMtflv electrcal , c ^ iT . itiic , pnenniaxic . sn .: c ' icDiH-al , the mnnificient d' -n : i :-n of Wm . Al-J ^ m , JJ 3 ., E q ., Member f-or the Bor-iush . " Tb - !¦ -- is a debt of £ S 0 O . which is borrowed upon mortsr-s " - of ths building , and -whSch . as it estiils a eons ' " iirr-. ^ 3 annual ch---Tge , relics upon tb * resource « of th- 1 n ' . tution . It is L . <^ -1 that a & ? co nd pu > l : c exhibit : !? : ! m 3 y ere long be b . ; i ; . aud ¦ wiib . turSiiitnt success to Vi . -charge the debt .

      " Ta- ma-ail iaooma of the Institution nearly equib is aanuv j SDjnlitu . ra , but v ? r . nri . ailowinj more tJiss a vTv small snm for 7-: ctnrtS-. r for tbe purchase Of Es ^ r , is . The inad » qu _ cy if -he innrfs would not E 3 v- ^ K- ^ a relieTcd , if th-r n :--a wiinthe Liteiary InEtitu-5 'P ba-i tuien place n t ' - ^ tt-Tins of subscription or ^ ' --: ' . y pr-po ^ sd . Tc s app-.--Tci to tt- numbtrs Mid so ' - -ti .. jwrs of the ilocharics' Jr-tituti-m so serious an evii ::: tt they recently—verj rs-uuh to their honour —resjlre t- > raise the annual sru- > cr ; ption ; tc whicb pertup- xhe most pt > werfu ! irdnc- ' -i ^ rit « is . the prospect uf :: - r-ewadTsiitacf-s tfcty vrou ? = i « nj-- > y when "the library » . f tts Liierary institution was aiiaed to their CWB . " Thd Literary Institution has E . t this time-on its books— 5 Life Meinbir . 3 . 2 S 3 ilembers .

      2 SS Total Of 'Which num ' asr , however , thirly-twe are also members oi " . lie Mechanics' I ^ stinitioa . A Very lar ^ e pro porti-ja u ! ihe members LaTb a = i £ ated u > tbo union , ami deci ^ rfi their intention to j jia me united b © Jy . " Ih * property of the L terarf 1 fistitntion consi . ' -t ^ ihcost t -: * vr = iy in its library , a "wril seltcttd and Tsit :-abla c- ' -n < r-r * ion of Ea ^ liib literature , cempjiting nearly ijOOO vf >»! i . nrs , purchased within *> e last eicht years , at a c -si «> f not less than £ 1 L-iO . laik'inz erery allowance for ilepreciat'on , arisinz f'o ; n wtar and tear , the a-tuil . " -f- ' -iii ^ T alue of the Iteij rc ^ T , it is presumed , be Ei < ' < ' - ' -aMly estimated at £ 3 i . u ; but-fi . r the use of the Ikv . ' . lion its value binst far roors nearly approach to its rr g : nal cc . st . The Institution also possesses a poiFfrfu M icro 5 cop 5 . ol of

      «• T- ^ e income tfce Institntion n >> t haTin ? late eqnalie-i : s expendimre , a d-A-l ¦ •{ £ - 'J 0 bas accoisulated . l ~ \ -i hoped that this debt wul be considers ' Sy Tedncffi > t the 3 rrar : Eeinect iEa 4 v tL-: tneb rasHibeTs tf the L : t-: ^ - - ' Inititntioa as bec-jrr ; e propristiry members of tit u =- " od body shall psy £ 1 , < jr Gi a year for fear jests , 2- > riQeir proprietary feirsi . It roiy perhaps hr desirar-. 'i n explain the reasons which ^ h ' owid jnducr ths men -.- -rs of the Literary Institution to become proprietary n ;« rsjber 3 . " . h- first place , they wul tin : ' . oubt- » lly wish to tend-r u .- \ r acirssioa to the ¦ unitr-i IT 1 * ' - taiion as great and vn :: 's-. 1 an advantage a ? p-. ^ si : -Ic * to the £ Lt ; re i > jij In-. 3 "ffcnld be gla ^ i to jo > n it witbout- ^ rinsing any de ' r- - -. f that eould be do e . Tiey will also be quite

      aliTe to the importance of haiing tt : e rvSvUrceB of the Inst ^ ra-.-n unburdened , so as to leave -a handsome yearly i c me for tbs purposes of adding to the Library and ei ? - £ iig Lecturers . Bat fnrtr . tr . a member of the UXrz- . *«• : -: ^ , titarion who at this time avaiis himself of the cr :- \ " ins of union , may obt-jn for £ l tbe ticket of a Pr : : t , ry > Jember , * foT ¦ wb i :-b tbe existing members of ¦" . " . Metiaiiics * Instituiio .-i uavw paid ^ 2 . e 2 ch , and 'h - " 1 will entitle him to a « t -ir- in the Trbolt of tb . e t _ v ^ - -is property of the Instirction—the building , libra-y ..-: »! : apparatus . With < _ -ai t " J 2 S t ; cket h « -wcuM be Eieielv ^ --. znual subscriber , aud -wvuid have no abare in tbe p - -p ^ r * . y , nor , accordicg to the 3 ats . any right to Tct ^ in - < t ? iticm a 2 = cting the property . The prop-ietary • ' ^ l m ^ y be sold or beqnsatbt-a . It i 3 a iun ^ amy tjl i-riciple of the Inatitutu-n that the property Ebi-i b-: cng exJcsiTely to the Metab ^ rs Trha bav =

      pnrch ^' .-t propristary ticietfi . —Ibis c ' . ass being rega'ti- ' - " .- ¦ rn . re parmanent an . ^ ess SucniitiDg than tbe eub ~ -t . ' ri As , th-jrfcfore , these 2 UTa :. Uiges , of paiticipiti-t-in the property and rank ia the Institution , wt'Ul i : - . iit to tie -individual , —us it would be a pleasure : t _ ' - . ^ . - members of the Literary lns : i : t . ti-jn to bring ¦ srita tii-uj tbe Emaliest possible jncumb -aEce —and as tbe . ii ; . ' . i t to be laid out in b .-ots and K-ctuics inll be more -r ' -i-i , accerding t 9 tbe amount of tne debt , it is top-:: "L : * all the members of tLe Literary restitution T ? £ o <• . i ; •_ . aveniently do it will U& ^ pr ^ iiric cary tick ? ts . It kj : - ¦ ¦} be disrinctly under » : ood iha : rae member ¦ Bii o - -.. ¦ > to hava a prucrittary t ckei jiinit obtaiu it witoK , :-ru months fru . ni tbt 4 fe tf Jaae , oiberwise he ¦ v iii ., : ¦ e aMe to obtain it f jr J « i than tvro pcuad ? . Ti . e ; - : c ! . t terms arts one piuu-i piid noif , or tis Ehiii - -i year bejond th-i uuijuil subscr ., tun forf ^ ur j- s ^ - , X > doubt , tbe cyniHiit-. > -: wi . i j ; :-te Eirangett . tt- • .- -tf ^ ring ; o fcViry lEfciii '^^ Jj , f i , t r-ry Institut-- . " ¦¦ - . ) DPoitur . iry o £ tskiiiii u tro - ^ rir-iury ticket .

      * ' i : - 'irn froin th s diirti ^ i ^ n it E ^ uiiia be Slated tbat Tit : L t = rary Iuatitu-. oa L ^» bo 1 , ljij classes f .. r ev t '< r ^; . ruction , Lut tuat it baa ^ -j lu ^ u / . tmts of its owl ; i :. -t . ris ttpt np fur vfcs : j a jzo . . < i yat . piy of papers , on u v . . >• of suDJ . ' cts , cIi . rE . , Lterur ^ , wtich hav « r bt ^ a i a . At vii ^ i ^ fctc&iy iiit--tt . ut . o-o * vbt Institution , and l-.-. r vsa ! -jUc ? t : U ! 'y a ; -cu-si-ns . Tncrc can bu Do d u t th ^ t tae praclic-i of Ttij » i £ 4 papers wiil be keji s -u the united 2 c-i . uti--u a . itl tta . t the Coni-Biitr- _ ^ .. ; provide fui ioi a-Aiiui : t'ire o : ocivuufic -with liters r / ? u . j--CtS . II . T'li iDTASTAGES WHICH THE U 5 IIED I 5 SII 1 C-3 I-- » " Will O ? F £ H IO 17 a HillBEilS .

      " 1 : ia ohviena to remark , thattfwr a 1 the advantages » hk L . we bi-en pr-.-etnt-. d by tacL lnititu ;; on sepaxav-. y , * .. i henceforth t ^; eiijuy ^' i by ihe mt-aibfcrs of be *' :. > -abtr of the unitiag d > xsh-3 pjrts witn anythiu «; iiijt orlcngs-. d to it , not r ^ ff rs o . ny aiiainisbeii ¦ q > c \ 't ri j ' \ iatiit of its priTiifrgca , whiift shdring tliem ¦ w iVi liic iivucr . Nc-Jhing ia mituatcG , nuthiug imp » rr « i- Wjiea ( ta lilUsUttj suiali iLiEgs by great ) t » o »« ig * iix , 'U- -ir . g Btatea arc unitt *! togttjer ui ^ uer oiii gpvfcnoii--5 t—tor example—Euglaad aud Sc-t 5 andtaaicw .-s are not jesKaied , tcoimi tl . o fcoundiry btt « e ^ w turm is oblit « a- * tfcd . Bach obtainB a wiuer rang ; 1 , a . ui ^ .. l 3 r tcepe ior comnisice aDd tnterpiiee , a freer c ^' - ; . ujunion , and a iuora powe . iul guvernment

      luettaa t f being jialousccmpctitois , tucj bc-cume brettreb ; instead of -wfciik . rajig each other , ttaty xavcziDru eaah other ; inttrnaliy united , aud having aacriiiteii nothing buc tneir civisions / they Ti&ti iii the Bcaie of nations , and become greau-r and more flourishing as ove than they e ?« eoaia oe aa tuv . In our humbie nidssure / we may xeaiu-c ot ::: iiar advantages from our present union . It Tr ? l- « c ; " thing of our separate cossessions , and none of our ujr meters ,-we gain grtatiy inmoiai force ; for ' iron ^ ii jpcnctbirtin , jso tiie ctiontecence of a man his fxisiiii / ii we acquired ns . < tiling from uur combination bet i-nrrmrayniMit and augmented spirit , tbat alone troul-l bs a valuable scquiiiuan . , Bnt we gain far morei each InstituUon has added to ii all tbe intellec-

      Untitled Article

      tual resources of the other ; and these intellectual rtsourcts , though remaining the same in themselves , become doubly valnable , because tbey are available for the benefit of double numbers . Still further , by combining our libraries , our subscriptions , and our talents , we o £ sr to thg great population around us far greater attractions than either could offer Bingly . We may , therefore , hope to gain more accessions than the two Institutions- could have gained separately : and if so , we answer more effectually one of the principal objec-B for wMch . Institutions like ours are formed—that of pervading with a moral and intellectual influence the whole community . ...... . ...

      •• An estimate has been laid before both tbe I stitutions prior to tfce-ir uni < -n , showing tha ; we may reasoaiVly calculate uson having £ 100 a year to exptnd in the } . 2 . rci , 2 S 3 of new bo .-ks , ar . j £ bO a year in lectures . If the iiH-iiiben and suDscrib ra bh ' ould increase still jarger sums may be afforded . It mil be tbe duty of the Conjuiirtee to tnrich the library with the bebt works that way be published , both in tae departments ol seier . ee and literature ; and it is worthy of consideration vrfc-thtr your Committee , instead of merely selecting from tbe iorks entei-ed in the Recommending Book , should eoS appoint a small sub-Committee , "whose txpress iluty it should be to examine the reviews and tbe lists of n-. w publications , for tbe purpose of recomn-. eiidiu ? montbiy the must valuable and interestint ; to fin g ^ rers . 1 Committee . Tlii 6 wonld not inteifere with the mht of every member to recommend but tu give an adriini-ujl f- * -cunty tbat no books of orst-rate character were otei looked .

      " The r . dvar . tagea which the ' Mechanics' Institution and L-t . rary Sicuty" will offer to its members may be thus br < . - fly enumerated : — " 1 . A Hall , very eligibly situated , and comprising ai txceiient Lecture Room and Liorary , a Newsroom , ana gooa C ! i- ' 'S Rooms . 2 . A Library of literary and scientific works , containir . i ? upwards of five tnous md volumes , purchased vrithiu the Jast fevr years , aud including the best works in fcvi-ry nepittmfcnt of English liteiatuie . Tbe library * ii ) avs the d . m Mh advaiitage of being a Ciiculalvig Libia-y and Reading Room , bu'h of which wiil bi open irc . ih vine in tbe morning till ten o'clock at ni « ht , with an inierval cf throe hours in the afternoon , which is a perio . i of ihe day when very few men of bu-rine ^ s would be sV > ie to at ' eni

      ' 3 . Lfdiires on the most useful branches of experiin « . ~ a ! scienie and literature . It is believed that the Corumittte will be able to engage lecturers of the first fcnr . neuee . Papers will also bs read by the members at tee wtciiy or fortnightly meetings of tne Institution . " 4 . Evening Classes , for the teaching of Drawing in its various departments . . "Mechanical . Arcbitecniral . Landscape , and Figures ; of Mulhematicsarid Arithmetic , irith t ^ . a '^ r practical appl-cations in Mensuration , Oaugir-z , ii , and of Writing . These are already in txUttiiec , and tht > tvro fomer aie in a flourishing state ; and the Ccinmittee wiil will take immediate measures for the formation of chuses for tbe study of Chi nrstry and of tbe principles of Mechai . ics . It is also highiy prsba ' ^ . ' e tbat other classes will be formed , fur the itujy of Irjjgu . ites , music , in . ' 5 An tx-enBive and valnable Apparatus , applicable to experiments in E ^ ctricuy , GUivauism . Ctrtaistiy , Pnuematiis , Optics , and other departments

      Ol . " 6 . A Newswom ia contemplated , wiiere tbe Daily and Wfctklj . " Xewspapers , London and Provincial , will be tjken : the terms of subscription to be six shillings a- ) 3 ar to the members and subscribers of the Inititutuuon , and ten BiiUlings a-year to otfiera . Tbu NewBro- - > m will bo open the whole day , till ten o ' clock at night ; but it is one of the fundamental tuIcb that tcitlier the Institution nor the Newsroom shall be open on the Sunday . It is conceived that the exceedingly

      moairata subscription to tbe Newsroom , the- eligible situation of the premi » e « , and the supply of papers to be provided , will attract a large number of iubscribers . " The report concluded with some excellent and judicious ob > crrav . ons on tho future prospects ot the ached In-titutions , and was received with loud cheers The next business was the election , of officebearers , and Messrs . Haigh , Naylor , Tilney , and Geo . Hogs , w-. Te appointed scrutators for taking u-e voltes ; Whilist this was proceeding , Mr . Wm . Wett uovrd the first resolution , as follows : —

      " That the Ri-p- ^ rt now read adopted , printed , and c rcnlitfd , under the direction -f the Comuiittee , aud th-t th- very graUfnl thanks of tha mefcti : ig be presenied to Mr . E . Baini . ' 8 , Jun ., for bis kindness in pre ] 'aiij-g a document so very appropriate and likely to promote tbe objects and interests of tbe "United SuC ! tt : cS . " Tha resolution was s ? conded by Mr . J . D . Luccoek , and carried unauinicurlj . The balloting ) . ar .. rs were then handed in by the Secretaries . It siioulu be mentioned that , as u was natural to

      sapp . se tta : many of the numbers of the united Instiiut ; on would be imperfectly acquainted vnth-gcntleictti vrho took an active part in the separate lustitut : ons prior io the union , the committee , without any ciesire to interfere wiih the free choice of officers , had on " . lie preeeLt occasion furnished each member r . E entering , the room with a printed list of twenty four vl- mbers selected nearly in tqaal numbers from each ln-tuution , and whom they considered the noet likely to fill office wi ; a advantage to the uuiied body . These were all unanimously e . ectcd , and were as follows : —

      President— Edward Bjunes , Esq . Vice-Presidenta—Wa . West . Esq ., and the Rev . C WlCKSTEED . Treasurer—Mr . W . B . Holdswobth . Secrttarits—Mr . J . KlTSO . v , acd Mr . H . J . MaHCUS

      COMMITTEE , Mr . E . Baines , Jun . Mr . Caoke . Mr . Comha . Mr . Dresser . Mr . F . etcher . Mr . England . Mr . T . Harvey . Mr . Hkld . Mr Killas . Mr . Holme ? . >! r . Huggou . Mr . I kin . . Vr . K-rr . Mr . Loe . K ^ v . T . Scales . Mr . J . H . Sbaw . Xr . Tiiurntll . Mr . Tbos . "Wilson . Some objection rras raised to ibis moie of pro-CP'idiuff , by Mr . Heaps , but he expressed his ei . tre san-faci : on , after being told by ibe chairman that it cou'l not oranr again , because in aKOther year ( he n ; f mber ? would have become perfectly acquainted wi ; £ i all those who took an active part , and were ii ^ ble f « r office , in both societies . Mr . George ' lur ^ t nf xt brought under the notice of the meeiiug ibe fullovving resolution : —

      " Tbat this meeting , has beard with feelings of deeo ret-ret that it is the intention of the Committee of : h-s lr-Ft tution to dispense with the services of Mr . R > hert H , who has faltLfaily and zealously filled the fS ^ e of Librarian to the Literary Institution for more than Ee- » en yeaia during which ptriod he has not been on * day absent from the duties cf his office That a union ¦ f tho two Institutions having taken place , it is the op ' nion of this meeting that the tffice of Librarian ourht do- » to be vacant , so as to give both tbe Libiari-:- s a chince of re-election ; and as the ruleB of the Iii-t'tution give the Committee power to elect that . ' ¦ nicer , this meeting recommends Mr . Hird , ashlsknovrledre cf tbe business pre eminently qualifies him to be Librarian to this united Institution . " Mr . Wm . Copleston seconded the resolution , wliicb , after some discussion , was put and negatived by a treut majority .

      T . n-- j ; ex 5 resolution was moved by Mr . M'Kenzie , se- ^ nded by Mr . Dresser , and carried unauimou = ly . 11 was as ioliows : — " T at this meeting ¦ would express its satisfaction th » , t the negotiations between tbe Leeds Mechanics ' Institution , and the Leeds Literary Socit-ty , have led to ihc union now recogu z . d , aad its confideut expect-: t ' » n , ti' -at by judicious ana liberal eDCOuragemett , tiie Uuitt . iiJi-stJtut . on will be made effectually to advance the mt * Ttrsts of Science and Literature in this most im-P'Tiuit mannfaoturing and commercial district . " Thf R « v . Charles Wicbsteed then moved , and the Rev . Ti-oaias Scales seconded , the concludjng resojution ; both gentlemen briefly addressed tho meetin . , winch btgan to exhibit t > ymptoira of a wish to break up . The resolution was put and unanimously carried ; it was as follows : —

      " Tnis meeting would earnestly call upon those of its iri . ruoers who have le-sure . to aid its o ' r-jects by the ts-.-c : » - of their various ta ' ests in preparing essajs , or li-cturta , on appropriate topics , and strongly urges all -ti fri » r . ^ is , now pres « Kt , to add to its farther efficiency h \ es -i ;;) g their icflueEce to increase the numoer of its uiMi . "t « and BubscribeiB . " TSiaiika were thtn voted to the chair man by acf . aautuon , and the meetic ^ broke up at ten o ' clock .

      Untitled Article

      BELIEF OF THE UXEilPLOYED POOR BY ALLOTMENTS OF LAND AND BENEFIT LOANS . TO THE EDITGB OF TUB N 0 RTHEUN STAR . Gextlemes : —When I suggested at a late meeting , tbat a most effectual alleviatien of the existing distress would be found in affording fco our unemployed artiz ' . ns and operatives the means of raising a portion of their subsistence by spade husbandry , Bonie gentlemen seemed to thiuk Buch a hope over sanguine ; others believed tbat the experiment had already baen tried and had proved a failure . . . Though myself convinced that aucb an tindertakingi being fouuded on sound principles , would , if well manaeed , be attended with considerable benefit , I was not aware , whilst list ? uing to the above objections , to ¦ what an extent the experiment had already been tried , and what encouraging amount of success bad attended it . : ' " ' - :. ¦"" . '¦ :

      I bave great pleasure m requesting tbe attention of my feJlow-townsmen to the facts which have since come to my knowledge , ccnSuing myself f jr the -present to tbe principal object , the prospect of finding remunerative-labour for tho unemployed , and reserving the subject of the economy of manures ' , to which I alluded the other day , to be treated of with otber details in a future communication . In pursuing my inquiries , my first attention was given to what appears to be considered aa having been a previous trial ana failure of this mode of" affording reiief , made at LeedB , during tha distress of 1819 . I obtained , through tbe kindness of Mr . Baines and of Mr . Cawood , such Information as remains concerning the result ef inquiries made by the Committee then appointed , and by the deputation who visited New . Lanark to examine the system at work there , and also respt-cting tbe results of a consequent experiment in spado husbandry made here under tbe management of the parish officers .

      It is uTmacesaary to detail tbe particular circumstances which prt-vsnt&d a tucctssful result to the exertions then made . Those p-oceedings prove the interest then taken in the matter , and the zaal with which all tho informatien then accessible was collected . The subject , however , was at tbat time comparatively new ; and though the priccipio involved wis then perceived to be valuable , tho best means of carrying ' it into effect had not been ascertained . Darin" the three and twenty years that hava since elapsed , the system haB net only been i-tudied , and its principles become much better understood , but we have obtained the t-xperier . ee of its practical working in numerous instances , and for considerable periods of time . It is from the evidence afforded by these more ' recent experiments , that we must judge of the efficiency of the system

      It now appears proved by experience tbat the allotment sj stem is tho uiotie in which spade , husbandry can be rendered most benetirial to ihe working classes . This systt-ni cinsists in the allotment to u lubourer orart ; zin and his family of a small plot of land to be cultivated as earrien ground , en which he raise-s vegetable produce for his own use or for sale , and generally rears a pig . The extent of land so alloted is most commonly from a quarter to half an acre . It should vary with the numbers and circumstances of each family , b < -h ; g sufficient to employ their spare time

      during the year , but still leaviDg them dependant on their uBual employments for the larger portion of their maintenance . The rent ought to be the same which would be paid by a farmer , with the addition only of a ium to cover rites , tithes , and taxes , as these should be paid by tbe landlord . The plot of land Bfcould be within a convenient distance of the occupier ' s residtuce , but need not be attached to hia dwelling . The pian bas bet n tried and found to answer very successfully as applied to s town population , as well as in agricultural districts .

      The allotment system has been quietly and gradually extending during the last twenty or thirty ytars . and bas been in surc = ssful operation for that period < f time in the hands cf eonie of its earliest promoters , the Bishop of Bath auu WelJs , and others , amongst whom is Lord PortHian , who has kindly offered information and assistance in promoting its extension to Lieds and other manufacturing towns . The Labourers' Friend Society was established in 1830 . for prumotiug the extension of' the allotment system , under patronage of the Koyal'Family , / and of

      tbe leading characters of all parties in the kingdom . annex the prc ^ p . ¦ ctus of tbat Society , as tbe best explanation of Us objects , referring with great pleasure to the * ery encouraging itateiuents that paper contains respectiug the results of tbe allotment system . From these statements it appears , that the system has extended more or less into tairty-six counties , and that by its means seventy thousand families have been raised from waut tiiui unatry to a state of independence , aud happy erg jjment of tht > fruits of their own industry and economy .

      The progress of the allotment system had been , until recently , chit fly confined to the agricultural districts . It ie now , however , attracting much attention amongst tbe manufacturing population cf-Nottingham and Leicester : a t ranch seckty of tbe same character as that just mentioned , was instituted lest year in tho former of these towns , and from the latter I bavo recoivod a most encouraging report of tbe . interest there tftken in the plan , m fj ; e tbpecially wnongst the working classes , who bave formed aD aasoci .-tion amongst themselves for- ' promoting the system , and bave issued an address to the laudowners phi } public , calling upon them for support and assistance towards their ol-ject .

      A very ei-seiitial auxiliary to the allotment system , is the system of Bunt fit- 'Loan Funds , and the two systems suould be combined in order % o secure the beat chance of success . The B ^ nent Load . Fund Sjciolu-B , by making smallloaua upon proper security , to be paid off by instalments , Kivo almost invaluable assistance to the industrious art z iu , in thu first arduous attempt to establish his independence . U >» der good luaDageiueiit , thtsd loans have been fuuxid of the liioj f important strvice . These two , then , the Allotment , and the Benefit Lean Fund systems , appear t <> be the meaas , of which the utiliry is b « st rstab'ished by experienca , for finding remunerative labour for our unemployed operatives And I would observe that they pessess the great

      advantage of being pimple , and founded upon the common principles which itjgulate the dealings of individuals wnfa each other , in which men are left to act for themselves in pursuit of their own interests ; and in which no cumbersome system of superintendence « 8 nquired . Tney are ovhtetus of mutual benefit to all cuncerue < l , which work thfaiiis lves . They are found to answer better whtn individual proprietors can be induced to appropriate land for allotments , than when land is purchased or rented by a society for the same purpose . Ihe labourer , who , working independently uj- 'on his own allotment cf laud , is secure of the whole benefit of liis skill , industry , and economy , is stimulated to exertion that he will never make for wages only .

      It may still , however , be onJ 3 Cted ,-that to render thi * plan efficient for a lurzo town like Leads , a quantity of land weuld be required which could not be obtained even under favourable circumstances . I think that on examination this difficulty will be found by no means insuperable . Tt . e supeificies of the parish of Leeds cannot , on a rou- ^ h fcitiuiate , be much less than 1 S . 0 < io co 20 000 arre . 3 , or a tquare of five and a half miles euch way . Now , if we suppose that tbe whole of the unemployed poor , or 4 . 752 fatnilies ( taking tha

      statement i / f the Enumt-ratiDg Committee ) , were to be provided with allotments , the quantity of land reqa red would annuat to little more ttmn J 000 acres , or about onts-twbnUetb pan of the wbole area . If one half of this could be accomplished , and 500 acres appropriated , the increased produce in iood to the labourers can hardly ba estiniareil at less than £ 20 an acre , or £ 10 000 a-year . Buc in fact the real benefit woulri be much more nearly the whoie produce of the area under garden cultivation , or probably £ 20 , 000 a jeer . . '¦

      It is quite clear , however , that upon the plan of allottinc small portions if Jam ! to the unemployed labourers , who have no sdt quite means of subsistence until the crop can bo securod , asssiBtanca will be necessary , in tha ships of loans , to bo repaid by instalments bw .-ot thfe proceeds of the following crops . To meet this emergency , a Byntfit Lviiin Fund , of adequate extent , wouiil be rtq-iired . A provision would aiso be necessary for defrttyn . g tbe expanses of printing , and for paying the saiary of a SH . cretiry , and of a fkilful practical agricuU'iri 8 i to sap ^ rint .-nd operations , give in ? formation to auy proprietors cf land who are desirous to portion it eut in small allotments , and otill more to the artisans and labourers who would occupy su-. h ailotmtnts . For these purposts , assrciations would be requisite , to which it mus : bu hup ^ d that ail connected with the t >; irouj ( b , whether by iaud or by trade , would give a cheerful support .

      In this- short and imperfect sketch , I have jjiven a very inadequate deicriptiou of what I think and trust will prove to be a ntw and valuable element about to be very generally introduced into the social economy of our country , as well in our niauufacturing towns as in thu agricuiiural dintricts . I contemplate tbe admission < f the working class tu a fair participation of the com * forts and ei . jvymenta to" be . dtrived from tbe employmtnt cf lanu aud capital fur iheir own benefit , aa calculated to effect a great and progressive iaiprovemtnt

      in their contlition . By very much alleviating , if it cannot reutuve , tbe hardships which are now pressing so hoaviiy upeo them , and by spreading universally a fctling that all are be-tfittt-d by the institutions under which we live , especially by the manner in which the fundamental institution of propel ty is practically worked this system aay prove , under Qo ( 1 b blessing , the means of restoring b&rmony and good will amongst all classes of the community , t « a degrte scarcely to be hoped for from any other measure wh ^ cii all parties are yet preparea to ¦ uuiw in carrvine into tffeet .

      Eotieating your attentive consideration of the following paper , more especially in reference te the system , as be-ariug upon the Poor-rates ( an important part of the subject into whicb 1 have not space to enter , ) I remain , Gentlemen , your obedient Servant , James Garth Marshall . Headingley , June 15 , 1842 . P . S . A few copies of some of the publications of the Labourers' Friend Society may be seen at all the Newspaper Offices in Leeds .

      Iloral Antt -^Tncvat Jsnuuuxcnce

      iloral antt - ^ tncvat JSnUuuxcnce

      Untitled Article

      CAB-LISLE . —The coinctl held their recnlar weekly meeting at th councvl room , No . 6 ^ . Johnsieet , Caldergato . Mr . John Arrostrong in the chair . Tiie HtGcei&ry-nod ovei * the inintites of the last meeting , after which several sums were paid in to the treasurer from various districts .: Letters were read by ^ ths secrewry , to Sir James Grahatn , Secretary of State for tne Home Departmejif ; . and Mr . Serjeant Gqulbourn , in be'ialf of John Kirkpatrick . who is now undergoing transportation on board the Wirrior hulk , Woolwich , for tho manslaughter of"the lato Thomas Jirdirte , police < filler , at the la te election for the borough , when Se ; j ; ant Gmlbourn , P . H . ¦ Howard , and William Marshall ,

      E ? q < iires , wero candidates . The sentence on Kirfcpatrick , which was passed by Lord Chief Justice Penman , was considered a very severe one , under the cireumstahces , which were not of an ajigravattd charact ' -. r , haviti ^ transpired during the heat of a coiittsied eieccion . It appeared from the facts that , after the nomination was ov . r , the pi-ople assembled , followed the two Whis ; candidates , Messrs . Marshall and Howard , to the CroWu and Alitre Inn , hi ^ sin « and hooting them in a very unruly manner ; that aa tliey entered tho Inn , soon sticka n . nd stones were thrown , when Air . Grahamej the superintendent of police , who tvaa in front of tho .. Inn , with a number of his men ; ordtred them io charge- the people and drive them back ; ( a most unfortunate circiiiastance , for had ho forborne for a few minutus , Wti'fi ' . &l . couviucci ihe peypie would have all " quietly dispersed ;) when the ia , fe Tiiom . is Jardiue ru-hed among ih& people , striking \ ihvjn violently in all

      directions ; indoid , to -brutal and itidi . scriannase was he , as to \\\ x- m he struck , with his bludgeon , that lie knocked down one woman , and struck' another witha child in htr arms ; that ho aWstruck a little boy , who fell from his-blow ; and when dovyii , the eam < i tellow pinched the b (> y in a mos-t--brutal tnj . nuor . Ho ulst > aimed two violent blows " at the said Jiihn Kirkp . atrie . k-, who warded them off ; but who , frocu an obullttion ot" fee > i ' n ^ at the i . ivage and ftrociaus conduct of tho policeman , strmk him a blow in return , with a s'ick , wiiich knocked him down , anil was said ( o ( lavw cj . usfd his . death ,: These are the simple aud undisguised facts of the case ; for which , this ' poor fellow , has bcrn deprived oi ' iiia liborty , - leaving a . poor" old fa ? her . wlio wholly depended on him for a sub . < istanco , to tho " mercy of an unfeeling world . It is hoped ' that the exertions wh'ch have beun mado in his bohdl ' f may prove succostful in yetting his sentence muigaiod .

      State of Trade . —At a meeting of the Town Council , held in the Town Hall , a few days-a < jo , afier passing addres 3 « -s of con ^ rarulatiou " to , the Queen and Priuoj Aibart on her Majesty ' s happy escape from rh . j hauds of th « a-isa ^ m Francis , Air * J . Steel moved , " That the Major make a respectful . application to the prop ' tTauciiorifctus for a por ; ion of themouey eolltctuul ia coastquouco of ihe Queen ' s letter , ' tor Carlisle , as the di ; , Lrnris is very f ; reai .. " We consider this a . very proper auu judicious proceeding , for mncii has ulready been duno by voluntary subscription , for the purpose of relieving thft great Miffi .-r . inK which has existed for some nine iu

      Carlisle , and novy tlK-ro is a public fmid ib r . u-lievd th « mauufkciurhit ; distrcfcS , there is no placo more deserving of a portion of that fund than the suffering aud diritit-s . sed poor of tbi . s-- .- 'district , wnose suffsrinfcshave f » r some time beeii taost acuie ; . yei they i avo borne thtm with most exemplary pa ' . ienca and forbearance . VV < j consid . iT that any money which may be obtained cou d rot be placed in better or safer hands for disposal than ia inose of trie Mayor and Corporation , who might expeod it in a vtry advantageous n ; aniier , by making luiprovemeufs in the-Borough , not negiectingj ¦ of course , worthy obj'jcid who are incapable of liibour , — Correspondent

      STO 3 KPQRT . —The work of desolation progresses hero ac more than railway speed . The operatives-arc tarnishing < or wai ; t of the mo . it common i > ec . 'x ? arii-s of hie . it vraH a favourite ar # umont with Mr . O'Connell that all he wanted was : to see Ireland on a level with England . . Our gracious rulers are determined to save that , &emlt-man some trouble by roducing Efigland to a level wnh Jrr-laud . Your corresponde « i has . this day cony « T 8 ed with a man who is in the habit of tetd ^ ng . piji' 8 i ' coueequemly 'he .. is obligt-d to gather swill to fatten tticia oni This Bvviil he kc . ps in a backyard , locked up in a lar ^ e hoKshead . During the last fourteen flays the lock has been four times broken off , and all the musty

      crusts of bread , and anyth n ^ el « e , that even pigs could devour was stolen . He ,, however , was dctsrmiued to watch . About- three ; o ' clock iu the morn ing , he espied a palo , haggard , o&re-worn IookiiiK man , go to the tub , tako a hammi- 'r afad larue va . \\ from out of his pocket , and bre-jk the staple off , pick the best of the swill , nuoh as broken , bread , potatoes , &c , and put them in a tiu can , and marched off . The man waited uniil he had got a little way from tho premises , when he followed and stopped him , and charged him with stealing hia swill . The poor fallow , without .. hesitation , coiiftssed that io was ho t ' .-at had broken tho lo .: k four tim ^ 3 before ; buc acuial want forcud him to doit . Hfii said , " S ; r , if you aH'JW mo to lake it home , I will

      then -willingly ¦ »?<* viith you to priionv for then I shall be sure or something to eat , buc as it is I have lio'hing . '' lie asked if his parish would hot relieve him I He answered he had never tried' them , nor would he ; as he was sure" he Should have to go into the Bastile , and t » at , says ho , I never wjil do . The roan then went home wirh him , and , oh God ! what a bight presented itself to his view !—a mother and two little children lying on the bara board-, wiUi nothing ' to cover their nakedness save the . tattered ratswora by them during ihe day ; tho mother , too , wry- fur advanced in a btato of pregnancy . The hither had beau < mt the day before caJginx , as he expressed it , and bad on y i < ot twopence . In the course of hi ^

      ramble he met ouo -of-. our . great Liberals , of ' whom he craved charity : the gentleman Vc-ry kinuly coadesended to Itciure him on tae conduct of the worKing uirtn ' refusing " cheap broad /' and ended a very eloquent anu patriotic address by assuring him that they ( the intelligent , midulo m ' e » . ) would stai . ve the working elates into 6 ubmi .-sion ; andal * o infornied him . that ht-r Majesty wanted a few clever young men like him to go to India / to put dewii them cannibala . This poor fellow solemuly declared that he and his wife had often been forty-eight hours without tasting anything but cola water : he had often , as he sat by his fireless hfcarth watching ihe htavings of the bosom of his emaciated wife , and heard hia innocent- little one cry for bread , contemplated putting a period to their misery by destroying them , and then destroying himself . This is only one of thousands of similar and many worse cases . The shopkeepers are oh their last legs ; not a day

      passes without three or foar public auctions of their goods . At the last term for granting licenses , many landlords were obliged to advance money to pay for licenses for their tenants or lose them , and if they lose a tenant now there ia every probability of their houses remaining empty icr years ; or if they arn let at all , it must be at a reduction of perhaps 100 per cent . Tho lioiise now inhabited by your correspondent has , wjihin tho last fire months , fallen 115 per cent . This , 1 think , is tho way for carrying conviction to ih » ir minds ; and yet , strange to say j out of about 2 , 000 siiopkeeperp , all Liberals , and sympathisers with the people , how matiy , think you , bniont ; to the Cnanist Associa , tion 1 1 , 90 . 0 ? no ; 1 , 000 ? no . Guess attain . 500 ? ho -there are three out of a Liberal constituency . ' of 2 ; b 00- ' !¦ ! . !¦ ¦ -. ' 'Never mind , the best way to their brains is through their tills ! In your next tiutnbtjr you shall hear more ot this state of things .- ^ -Correspondent .

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      TtOSINS OF THE InDFPENDENX WEST MlDDLESFX Opti . CB . —The principal cilice of this estaoliMhirieut has been closed without any notification ou the door , of the . business-haying been removed . Some ptrsons toil all their lives , and refaso . the ciij yments which can only be relished when life is iu its prime , that they may be rich wheu the power of enjoyment is ovw . There are mauy evils inseparable from position , but it needs very little research to discover that a large portioa of man ' s misery is traceable to his making other men indexable . "

      TiitRK are chords iu the humau heart—strange , varying string ' s—which aro OHly struck by accident ; which will r < maiii mute and senseless to appeals the must passionate aiid earnest , and tespond at last to tho BJigiite-it casual touch , la the most inseusiblo or childish minus , there is some tram of rtflestion yirhich art can seldom had , or ^ kili assist , but which will reveal itself , its groat truths hayo done , by ohance , and when the discoverer has the jslainefct and eimpletit cud iu view . Fatal CuEiosnv . —On Saturday a yourig man Harjoed 'Phomas Preston , residing at Wednesfield ,

      slid down the pit rupp to the oottom of the shaft , at Bowman ' s Harbour Colliery , near Wolyerhampton , with the intention of seeing the colliers ' ai work . lie had not been down five minutes before a large stone from the roof or one of the gate roads fell upon him , crushing him , in 60 dreadful . a " , manner .-as to cause hi 3 instantaneous death . The stone is supposed to be three tons weight . Two other men were hurt , but uot BeriouHlyy It is a remarkable cireumsiance that , although the work hxtbeea carried on Eoine years , very few accidents had previously occurred , and those of -a-trifling ' -- nature .--2 ?» mi » ohatnAdvertiser . .

      A Tkuism-t-Were half the labour exerted to place woman in her proper station that there is to lift her out of it , cases of seduotioB , desertion , or tyranny would - ' almost never occur . It is the theatrical , apart from the real , idea of her excellence ' yvhuch induces alike the fopperieB of ga , llaiitry and crutlties of neglect ; it is because- woman has been decked with foreign instead of native witcheries thav tho apex of her influence' has been reao ed during the honey-moon ; it is beeause woman lends herself to the deceit that the punishment has Becuifcly ctfiie and been severely feh . —Chaml / ers ' s London Jour .

      Untitled Article

      The Glake Massacre . — The Coroner ' s Ipqiiest on toe bodies of Miehael M'Namara artd Thomas Daioy , which commenced on Tuesdayj was brought to a conclusion oa Friday . Several witnesses were produced , amongst ; them two of tho policemen who were on duty on the fatal evening , and who swore positively that the word "fire" was given by Capt . Ds Ruvynes , echoed by the County InspectorVand ¦ followed up by Mr . Fitz > imon with the 'expression "fire , fire . ' Independently of this testimony , ihe broad features of the case wore theeameas have airea < ly appeared . On Friday morning the Jbrv returned the following verdict : — ' That the deceased Michael M'Namara , came by his death from the efiUctai of a gan-shot wound inthe leg , inflicted on the night of the > 6-h June instant , by one of a party of poiice , consisting of sixteen mea . stationed on the

      Mill-road , for the protection of Mr . Bahnatyno ' s property from a number of people . . there assembled on said night , but by whom of said party said shot was fired there was no evidence ; we also find that the people were in the act of retiriag when said shot was tired , and that no necessity exiated for firing we further find that the , word ' fire * was given to the police by Mr . Brown and Mr ; fitzjimon , imaiedi . at . iy after Captain D * Ruvynes said , ¦> if you don't diepcr 8 e the men inusfc fire ; ' bat we consider his saying so no jusi / ifioatiou for the order so given . ' This-verdict piaces Mr . Brown and MK Fi ; ziimon in rather an unpleasant predicament . The Coroner was applied to to issue a warrant for their capvion and cummitta ! , ¦'• but declined to do so ; but stated thathe woulsi reporD the verdict to the Government .

      Welsh Okatoiiy . —At a late meeting of the Newport Viechariic's iustitutei for the ' election of officers , the Mayor of Newport , Lewis : Edwavds , E-q ; , gave the following account of a late interview with Lord Brougham— ' I did go to London , ( said his honour , ) as you do all know , for the purpose of the address ; and I did haye with me our young friend Mr . Simeon Evans , the yountr artist , who did go with me to the levee in my coach . ( Cheers . ) A fine carnage it was ( a laugh ) , with such a * paair' of grajs ! and & fine coachhiaii , tall , stout , as you ever see . ( Laugb > ter . ) And s > nch a * fu man . ( Bravo . ) Well , I was dress-ed so finr ; you would like to see ms in my court dress ; then I thought I must see my Lord Brougham ; aud when could I see him better than then ? 1 did call . ( Hean ) Such a beautiful room , I never did see before . It was a great room , it was . I did sit , as may be , there . Lord Brougham came in , as may be , here , and said the Mayor of Newport ,

      I said . Lord Brougham . He did then coma with his two hands , and did catch my two hands , and said , 1 am very ^ Ia 4 to see you . I have often heard of Lord Brousham . but I ' never did expect this honour . ( Hea . r ^ hear . ) My eyes do now ste , and my hands do now hold , Lord Brougham . ( Laughter . ) Well , what do you want . ? said he { anything I can do for you I shall be most happy . I said , my 16 rd , we have at Newport a Mechanio's Institute , and the young men of Newpori aro very anxioua to have your lo ' . dship ; noboiy respects your lordship more than . the men of Newport . ( Loud cheers . ) - ' . I-have brought with me a young artist , one of Newport , for - . they are very anxious to have your" loraship to harix up in the Mechanics' Institute . Yes , he did say , I ' wiUsit . Tnank you , said I . ( Thunders of applause . ) And I'll give you some books for your iustifcute toi » , sa ' . d he . ( Paafenihg cheisrd . —Mori mouthihire Merlin .

      3$&Nl\Vxwt0 F &C.

      3 $ &nl \ vxwt 0 f &c .

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      From the London Gazette of ' Friday , June 17 . BANKRUPTS . James Hopkins * Leighton Buzzird , butcher , to surreiKltr Janj ' 2 i , July 29 , at two , at tha Court of Banferuptisy . Solicitors , Messrs . Stevens , Wilkinson , ; and f-aicliell , Quten-street , Cheapaide ; official assignee , Mi-. VVhitmore , Baaiogbalt-street . : - '" Jamas Tomlia and Wiliia . ni Mann , St Michaersalley , Cornliiil , merchants , June 28 ,: at one , -July 29 , at haif-past one , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Solicitor , Mr . Eliis , Cowper ' s-court , Cornhill ; official assignee , Hr . ¦ VVhitraora ,: Bisinghail-atreeV Henry English , New Broad-street , printer , June 24 , Juiy 2 . 9 ; at eleven , at the Cturt of Bankruptcy . Soiicitor , Mr . Megey , Great Tower-street ; official assignee , Mr . Johnson , Basimrhall street . : ; :

      John Stdggall ,-Guild ; ird-street , bookseller , June 28 , at half-past eleven , July 29 , at twelve , at the Court of Binkruptcy .. Solicitor , Mr . Norcutt , Qieen-fquare , Blooui 8 l » ury ; official assignee , bit . Q-ibaon , IJasinghall-8 Ereet . - ¦ - : ¦ > > . ¦ " . ¦ . ' ¦ - ¦ . ¦ . " \ : - ; ¦¦ . Jame 8 Alfred and Bavid Webb ; Great Marlew , farmt-rs , June 24 , Juiy 29 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankrupticy . Solicitor , Mr . Waller , jun ., Finsburycircus ; official assignee , Mr . Xackicgton , Cplemanstreet-buildiiigs .. : : ; : / . ; : John Bruitargb , Pendleton , LancaaMre , timber and coal merchant , Juae 20 , July 10 , at ten , at the Gornmiasioners' Kuorus , ^ iancbestBr . Solicitors , Sir . Nethersole , Esaex-streot , Strand ; and Mr .- Foster , ' Mancliestir . ' " ' : '¦¦ ¦ ¦ " ¦ " ¦ : ' ¦ ¦ ) . : ¦ ' : . ' ¦ : ''¦ "'¦ - '¦ -: ' ¦; '

      Joshua Cattell , Yorkshire , clothier . July 1 , at two July 29 , at . tsn , at the G ^ org- Hotel , Huddersfieldi Solicitors , . Mr . Corntawaite , Daau ' s-couvt , Doetora ' Cominons ; arid Mr . J . Cornthwaite , Livfcrpopl . . RyOert Kpberts , Nowtown , Montgomeryshire , procer , July 8 , 29 , at fcleveUi at the Oak Inn , WelcbpOoL Solicitots , Mr . Weeks , Cook's- coartj Iiincoln't-inn- and Mtjsers . Drew andWoosnam , Newtown . ;¦ : '!' :. William Smith , Leeds , dealer and chapman , June 28 , at four , July 29 , at ten , at the ; Commissionera' : Rooms , Leeds . ' Solicitora .,. Messrs . Sharpi Field , and JacfcBori , Beiiford-r 6 w ; Mr . Foden , Lberts ;¦ ¦; and Messrs . Wagstaff , Son , aad aiarsli . Warrington . Joseph and ' . Kaipii Bradbury ^ Oldham , Lancashire , cottjn-spiuners , Juiy 4 , at Un , July 29 , at twelve , at tue Couimissiouers' Iijoms , Maucheater . Solicitors , ; Me 8 sr 3 . Johiiaou , Son , aud vyeath ^ raU , Teiayle ; and 2 < laH&ri , Horon , Martchfester .

      Rjbert Insoll , Bright ju . coachmaker ; , June 24 , July 29 , at one , at the Town Hall , BrigbtoiL ' Solicitor , ilr , WiUiama , Aifred-place , Bedford-square .

      PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED . By water and Iugham . Birstal and Batley , Yorkflhire , cJoth-n ! anu * 'acturerF . W . and H . Carasa , Boroughbridge , Yorkshire , butchery ; G . Howard and Co ., HasliEgden , Lancashire , iroDfoundfers , as far aa regards ( J . Howard . Atherton aud Watson , Manchester , flintglass manufacturers . Gardner and Middleton , Warrington , Lancashire , keepers of a circulating library . J . Slack and Co ., Manchester , paint-manuiacturers . Diming and Martindale , Rainferd , near St . Helens , Lancashire , coaimou brewers . J . LabreyV and Co , Huddersfliild , tea-Hierchants . Watsons and Frankland , Wnitby , yoikshire , linen-drapers , as far as regards R . S . Watson . . .--. : ¦

      Untitled Article

      From the Gazette of Tuesday , Junei 21 . BANKRUPTS . John Ormrod , builder , RIanchester , to surrender July 2 , August 2 , at fWeive , at the Commissioners Rooms , Manchester . Howartbi Manchester ; Apply , Alderbury , London . ;; ¦¦¦' . - ; ' - ' . . '¦ . -, ' ¦ '¦¦ /" ' . ; ' . '¦ . ... ' : ' , ' . - . Tbomas Pitcairn . bierchant , Liverpool , July I , Aug . 2 . at one , at the Clarendon Rooms , Liverpool . Low , Garty , and Sweeting , Southampton-buildings , Gnaaceryrlane , London ; N « rtu and Qwed ,: Livtrppol ; William Mairiwariiig , coil-master , Dudleyt July 5 , August . 2 , at 'three , at the Swan Inn , WolverbaiuptoD . Amory . ' Sewtjil , and Oluores , Throgmorton-atreel :, London " . ; TwamSey , Dudlv yi : ' . William Watta , grocer , King ' s Lynn ; Norfolk . Jane 29 , August 2 , at eleven , as the King BH « ad Inn , King ' * Lynn . Swutinan ,-. ' . 'King ' s Lynn ; Roy , Blunt * rjuhuscon , and Walton , Lothbury , London , v V ¦ : ' ¦ - .. - .

      Williani Be . ton , drapisr , Deeping Saint James , Lincolbshire , June 28 , August 2 . at eleven , at Mtan'dwelW Hotel , Stamford ^ Atkinson and Jenkins , Peterbo rough . ^ - ' : ¦ . ' ; ' ¦;¦ ¦ "¦ - "¦ ¦ : ¦' - .. ' ¦¦ : . ' v - ' ¦" . ' . - ' '; - ' - ¦; ' . '"¦ ¦' Margaret Themas , innkeeper , Manchester , Jnlj 2 , August 2 , at eleven , at tue Commi « sioners' Rmuis , MancUesttr . J » qucs ; Batcye , and Edwatdi , Els-plaCfli Hoiborn ; and Heatn , Swan-street , Manchtater . John S wann , Cnrrier . Luu ^ hborougb , July 7 .. Aogi 2 , at eleven , at the King ' s Head Inn , LoUjjaboroutk Johnson , Son . and Weiti . arall , King ' a-b < 3 i ; cii-waiJf » Teiiiple ; , Cowley , Nottin § ham . Yorkshire

      Jauies Pulman , wine ^ nitrcuant ,. Ssttle , , J uly 22 , at one . at tae G . ) iden Lion , Settle , and * . «?• 2 , at oue ^ at 03 © New inn , Gis&urn . : Rus 3 , Sj-moiia 8 Inn , Chancery-ianB ; Hod ^ sun , Gis&unv : Je » hn Jame 3 Grant , a ! e merchant , / Giouceatey-stieet , Qdeen ' s square . Biocmabury , Juno 28 ; at oiie , Aucusf - at eleven , at the Court of Bunkruptcy . NGrrabaiiroiticial assignee , Baslnghall-strefct ; Hillearj , LeadenhaJ * atrtet . " ' - ¦ - .- ' . - ¦ : ' . ¦ ¦ ' - ; ' ¦ ¦ . - .. ¦¦ - . ¦¦ - - ¦ ¦' . ¦ : ¦' . ' John Horatio Clark and HenrV Charles Fdrrbw , wine merchants . King Wiliiani-strtet , Juiy 5 i at twel «« A « gUbt 2 . at ' eleven , at theCourt of Baufcrcptoy . E < iwardSi official assignee . Frederick ' a-placd , O ; d Jew //; Helhy , Sergeant's lun ^ Fleet-street . : Richard Cockrill , grocer , Kirtoa-in-Lindsey , 1 ^' colnshire , July 5 , and August 2 , at twelve , et the Wiuw Hart inn , G ^ hfbarough . Bdll , &dfo : d-row London ; Bellamy , Gains : ; erough ; ¦} . '¦ - -. . ; ' ! V

      Pbiliip Walters and Morgan Llewellyn / timberi ? " * chants , Neath . GramorgaReh ' re , July 12 , August 3 , al eleven , at the Bush Inn . Swunsea . Wattew , S * fft ^ 8 » i Rowlandun ( i Young , "WhiteLioncoxat , Coinbtil , w ?" don . - . " ¦ ¦ . - ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ " ., ¦ ¦ ¦ ; •¦ - ¦ ¦ ' ,. ¦ ¦ " . - . - ¦ ¦ ' . ¦' : "' - ¦ . . ;• : v ' ^ : : Walter James Barge , caTpetite ? iB"er-lsne , Towerstreet , July 1 , at twelve , August 2 , at haif-pastrtw * . « the Court of Bankrcptcy . Alsager , Birohm-lin *! « ' cial assignee ; Scott , St Mildred ' s Court . Poultry . ¦ - John Gaorge Bourne , carpenter , Wellington-K'rreW ' July 1 , at eleven , August 2 , at two , vat the Court * Banktuutcy . ; Green , offieMaasignee , AldermanW" /' Gregory and Cook , Swithin ' s-laue . : : ---:- \ George Edmund Cartwrightichenufit ,. Mariow . Ba <»» inghamsnire , June 28 . at eleven , August 2 , -at-one , ^ the Court of Bankruptcy . Lackingtbn , official aiffl !^ Coleman-street-buildings : Marsden , Watting- ** *'

      Edwin Twiz 11 Gough , patent agent , Strand , J ^ 8 ^« at two , August 2 , at twelve , at the Court of ^ . , ruptcy . Johnson , ^ official assignee , BaBingnaU-SJo * Ashley , Shoreditchr : ;

      Untitled Article

      TunitB are a Trinity of Devils walking the earth —prir-terati , war , aud inttrup ^ rauce . a GrfASD jury in Pennsylvania hare presented to tiie C > , r . ifte Eutj ct ol drunkenness , hoping that , it may r > made a criminal act , by a law of the state . — IViihumburph Democrat . A Wumab ' s Reasoa' 8 . —A woman ' s reasons are said la be three : tbej are past , present , and to come ; aid are aa follows : — "Because 1 did" — " Ls . ^ u » e 1 will" —acd •' Because I should like . " The iirtt iv is impossible to gel over ; the second is aluio ^ i a hopeless case ; and a man must be a brute indeed , if he can for a moment object to the tbird . Then tiie way ia which they bring ihe reasons to bear is eYtrj thing . A man would kmt his brow surlily , ana sav ia a deep repulsive voice , if he like-not the

      ur ^ t interrogation , " Because I did ! '' Iv ' ot bo with a womau ; she would put on one t > f her sweetest iook ^ , 3 ' id half tmiiiug , eay , " Why my dear because I flia , —avsd you know my love , that's a woman ' s resscm for everything . " To tbe secoad a man would reply , Because I will : and it" I don't why " —and he woula be within a shade of swearing . But , a woman would shake her prttty ii . tle head , " Because I will ; ana you know , my aarlmg , when I say a thing , I aiwajs do it ; aed I never do oikerwise than please you , ao I my love V As to the third , n does everything ; lor who can refuse them " What they would like . " Trae enough , it has brought man to the gaiiows ; yet who ever could grumble at so trilling a trial —» thing that can but ¥ happen once in a man ' s / life when it shows his attachment to the sex ?

      Untitled Article

      Religion ofpootry ia not dead j it will never die , Its dwelling and / birth-place is iri the soul of man , and it ia evernal as the bei « g of mah . In any point of space , in any section of iirae , let there be a living Man ; aud there is aa infinitude above him and be ^ neaih him , and an Eternityencompassea him Oh thih hand and on that ; and tones of Sohere Music , and tidings from loftier worlds , will flit around him , it he can but listen , aiid visit him with holy influences , ev * n in tho thickest press of trivialities , or the din of busiest life . —T . Carlule .

      The , Univehsal Panacea . —It is astonishing , indeed , with what exciusivtueaa of understandiDji eating is regarded < mn by intelligent parents as the grand solatium or panacea for all the pains and irouoles which afflict Mm young . If a . child fnlla over a stoue and bruises its leg , its ones aro immediately arrested by a , sug'ir-biscuit stufftsd into itsopen niouth . If its -temper is discomposed by tho loss of a toy it is forthwith eooihed by an ofL-r of sweaf meats the ultiruate effect of which is to excite colicky pains in us bowels which are worso than the original evi ' , for which , in thoir turn , it is pre = ei . ted with * uico ptppermiut drvpsSor somif other equally pleasant antiuote . Because the mouth is open When

      the child is crying , and the mouth leads to the stomach , parents jump to tbo conclusion that it is opcii : for t . ho' purpose of being filled , and proceed to cram it accordiiTgly ; furgettihg all the while that the mouth leads also to the windpipe , and may open for the admission of air to the jun ^ a as well as ol food to the 8 t 6 mach--and that if they etuffit with cake or puddiiig ; when it is open only for the reception of air , they run the risk ot siifll / cating the lirfrle innocent when their only wish is to sooth him : Everybody must have seen fits of cotiyuisiye cough induced by fragments of food being drawn into the wiudpipe in euch circumstances . To confound cryiiug aud the expression of pain with the craving

      of hung- " r , is far ( rpm being a matter of indifference to the child . If food be given when it wisbes only to be relieved from suffering , the offending cause is leftvin activity , aiid its effcots aggravated by the additional ill-timed distension of its stomach * buj so far is this importaut truth from beiug sufficiently impressed on the minds of parents and nurses , that noihiBg is more common , when the child refuses to . ? wallow more , but still continues to cry , than to toss it in the nurse ' s arms , as if on purpose to shake down its food , and then resume the feeding . And in such attempts it is too true that the preservanca of the nurse bit un gets the better of the child , and forces it at last to receive the food at whioh it really loathes . — Witliqmsburgh Democrat .

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      LABOURERS' FRIEND SOCIETY , For disseminating Information on the Advantages of Allotments of Land to the Labouring Classes , . onLoatiFtifids y and on other means df-Jm ' proving their Condition . Under the patronage of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen , and Her Mnjesty the Qieen Da wager . riw-PresidenU— Duke of Beufard , Marquises of Buto and Bristol ; Earls of Slirewsbury , MiiuBfleld , Chichestsr , Euston , M . P . ; and Jermyn , M . p . ; Lords Morpeth and Santioni M-P . ; the bish jps of Batfiand Wella , Gloucester , Rochester , and Norwich ; Lords Dacre , Sherbotne , Kdnyon , G < ige , Foley , Ashtown , Slcelmersdale . Nugent , and Mountsandford ; Sir William Pole , Bait ., &o . &c . - -&-0 ....

      This Society was eatabliahed in the year 1830 , umier the patronace of hi 3 late Majesty j William the Fourth , aud Her Majesty , tho Queen Djwager ; the nuaiber of its members has gradually increased in ail parts of the country , amongst whom are many of the Nobility , Bishops , Clergy , and large landed Proprietors . It is instituted for the purpose of ameliorating the condition of the labourer ; and proposes to feffect its object chiefly by disseminating infotmation on the advantages of the Allotment and Ciittage-GardeB System , consists in letting to the labourer , at a fair rer . t , such a quantity of land as he ( with the help of his family ) can cultivate by spado husbandry , without nettlecting his ordinary employment

      Wherever this system has been fairly and judiciously tried , it has produced the most benefluial results ; the means of subsifitonct ) and the comforfs of the labourer have been greatly increased ,- hia tbaracter has been raised , and he has become more industrious , contented , and peaceable ; the ties of mutual goad-will between him and hia employer have been drawn more closely together , and the labourer has become tha protector , instead of the destroyer , of property .

      SOME OF THE PLACES , Where the system of allotting land to labourers ha 3 been tried , and the reaulta that have followed . MIDS 0 J ! EU NQRTON , HIGH LITTLETON , STONE EASTON , E&iBivRROW , Clotton , andeishteeu other adjoining parishes . Grants —In these twenty-three contiguous parishes , there bave been appropriated one hundred s « 7 (; J ) ty-Sve acres of land to . nlue hundred faniilieB , by the izwiloius and indo / atiifaWe cjrrespoiideni ot theaeo ' wty , Cuptam Scobell , of Hich Littleton , noar Bath , and bthta landowner 3 , who have liberally co-operated with hiin . Tahing these famiHes , which are partly agricultural and partly coal-irsincrs , at five to , ^ - " ( uniily ; it would make four thousand , five hundred parsons ; who are deriving the whole of their vegetable Sustenance from tbieirown labour .

      Results—In the division of SornerBetshire containinij the hundreds of Chow and Chewton , there are tweiitysix parishes , having 40 000 acres , and 17 , 000 iuhabitaiite . Seven years ago / in this space and population , not one rood wia let to the labouring poor on thu aliotmontsy 8 tem . Tho txperiment that has been made has resulted in most complete success ; the rents have bten regularly paid to the uttermost farthing ; the crojis huve b ^ en good ; tho altered looks of iho peasantry show thtm to bb contented and happy , and they testify their gratitude to their benefactora by occasional presents of vegetables , some of them of the finest deacriptioD .

      EICHMOND , SURREV . Grajils . —Land in the neighbourhood of a place . containing 7 , 200 ~ -inhabitants is in great request , and is with ( Jifiicuity obtained for letting in small allotmfcnttj ; but for the . ast ; five years eleven acres hava b eii let to one hun'irod and forty tenants , in proportions , in general , of ton . rods ; or the l-16 th of an acre , and in no cane exceeding twenty rods . Iicsu' ( s . —Tbe gardens are let to every description of mechanics and labourers ; they are ' pait ' icularly - wdl cultivated , and the rent . regularly , and thankfully paitl . There are a great many candidates for ¦ additional allotme'its , could any more land be obtained for that purpose . ' ' . ¦ ¦

      KEDUCTION OF POOR RATES . In one parish in Wilts , tha poor rates WLro £ 2 , 074 2 a " . 8 il . ; tko Allotment System was introduced , and in a few years tboy were diminished £ 6 iO . In asitiull parish in the same county , the poor rates were reduced from £ 206 8 s . to £ i 123 . M . In a large pariah in Essex , tbe poor rates amounted in one year t ' o £ 3 , ' , ) 0 ; by the . adoption of the systom they were diminished , in the course of the following year , to £ 2000 . At the Bath meeting , the R ) V . Thomas Spencer , of Hinton Parsonage , reported that s ' . xty teuants had a quarter ( iF an acre each , that the poor ratts b : id been reduced from < £ 700 to £ 200 per annum , -Wiiich . could not have beentfl ' eeteci but for the allotments .

      ADDITIONAL FACTS . The Association at Deviz ^ a state that , fn that town and neighbourhood , there are thirty-four parishes and hamlets in which the Allotment System has been adopted ; and that the total quivotity of laud allotted has beon 90 : i acres , threo roods , and twenty-nine poles , amongst 1 1 ) 53 tenants . The DuVe ftf Uuilford has GOO allotment tenants on his estate in Bedfordshire . Tbe Marquis of Landstfowne has grautt'd allotments to more thua 700 labourers , who are thriving , contended , and hapt > y . The Bishop of . ' Bath ' - and Wells has promoted the allotment Bystem for thirty years , and has now above 700 small tenants enjoying the fruits of hia baaghUnbd phiianthrupy .

      Earl Iitzwi'liam has nowbetween 400 and 500 allotii \ e : Vt ttinants on his extensive estates , and they ? t 6 still increasing , particularly in the neighbourhood of Sheffl-ld and Rotberfcain . At W » tt . on-under-Edge and Horsley , both manufacturing districts . land has been let to 13 & teuants , chit ay mechanics , employed in the cibth factories . Thealuvtmentsarc well cultivatud , abundantly cropped , the rents punctually paid , and it is . most gratifying * ' t' > witneea the gladness of h ' part that has been diffused through s » many households , " and "to hear the grateful language of the tenants . " ¦ . Crown Lands . —Government have made four srants of Crown Land for the purpose of being divided , on reasonable terms , into allotments for labourem ) , < te . — n-Ainely , one at Woolwich ; onp at llford , in Essex ; one at Hilsea , near Portsmouth ; and one at Chelsea , for the use of the pensioners .

      Charity Lands . —AtColerne , in Wilts , twenty-nine acres of charity land , which had been tet for many years to a farmer , at £ 15 per year , was divided into thirty allotments , and has been thus occupied for a period of twelve years . By this means ,. thirty families , which , including parents and children , aniouut to 176 individualH , have lieen kopt free from parish relicf- ^ are rendered' respectable , happy , bonest ; and useful members of society , free from offenceB airainst the law . They have a stake in tba country , and ara anxious ta promote tho welfare of the whole community . Since the esfc-iblisbHient of the Society , tbirty-six counties have been visited ; eighty public meetings have beenheld ; and , atamodbratecomputaUon , nearlyhaventy thousand families have had allotments of land granted , either directly or indirectly , through the agency of the Society .

      The SociVty ia now externling its operations to Ireland ; several countit's have been visited , and the publications are extensively circulated in that part of the empire . Auy fnrther information may be obtained from the Secietary , John Wood , Esq ., at the office , 20 , Exster Hall .

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      a . THE NORTHERN STAR . r > r > - ¦ - ¦' . -- "¦ ' - - ¦ ¦ . ' - ¦• - ' ¦ - - ¦ . - . - . . .. . . ¦ ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ . : ¦ ¦ ¦ - . . - :. -.,. . ¦ :.

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 25, 1842, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1167/page/6/