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JTHE NORTHERN STAR. j SATURDAY, APRIL 16, 1842.
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HOUSE OF COMMONS, Wednesdat .
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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put down the " Bheels" in the Deecan , who ¦ were a very troublesome set of robbers , totally ignorant ; 1 in short , little less than savages , dwelling amid caves ] ana mountains , -with th&ir -wives ana families scarcely clothed , and armed with bows and arrows . He captured & Tast number by bis detachments , aad put them invariably to death This man , or rather devil , was in the habit of recounting to his acquaintances and gnests ( for he lived in style and splendour ) his tn atment of three hundred Bheels , taken prisoners by his men . They consisted of mea , women , ana children . All over the Dtccan you will find large , empty , and dry tanks and -wells , sometimes very deep and capacious . "UaGer the pretence of safety , theChistian ^ &jor stuffed all the Bheels into one of those abodes , « nd kept them there by means of large -pieces of timber , bamboo , &c . piled one upon another .
To mate sure " work of it , he stt fire to the whele , so that all that were not "burnt , were smothered , thus giving totfee world a Bovel and modem suttee , unequalled in atrocity , and which casts into shade the car of Juggernaut or the doctrines of Brama ! We have heaTd this scoundrel repeat this tale in a ludicrous and oommiBsersting strain ; in fact he was the lion of the day when we were at Aurungabad , and you would not dream of missing him and dining with him more than you would dr * am of leaving without a visit to ihe Tag-Mahal , the tomb ot Aurengzebe , or the gardens of NourmabaL For the honsur of Britain , this vagabond boasted Portuguese blood in his veins , and was a halfcaste , and could only speak broken English . How he got into the service we know not , but he was in good pay and good repute in the Deecan . All the Madras service can testify to the truth of the above .
These things should be known , and then the people of England -will know what they are about . We pride ourselves on being the true Conservatives ; we would conserve all that is good and throw overboard all that is bad . We are not like the Weekly Dispatch , who would destroy without restoring ; we are capable of rebuilding on the rains . - This very consistent and Republican Journal I ?) gives an amusing and manufactured account of Russian diplomacy and the Chartist Convection , in last week ' s paper . It quite " out-Herod ' s Herod . " We wish it was truewe want money , and whether it comes from young Nick or old Nick , or the " devil ' s dust men , " it matters little , provided we do get it The end sanctifies the
means r Ycukne «• my worthy friends , the middle classes , you are completely done for—irremediably , irreparably , and without hope , unless you give up spouting your weekly fallacies , and ceme te ub , your haven of rest But you must play second fiddle—you may coma as ushers , not masters . We do not expect great burly fellows like Muistz and Cobden to come as scholars , they must come as parlour boardsrs ; but if they behave we would rather welcome them as friends ' . Let them get up a loan of five millions sterling for the Convention , the Executive to be trustees , and O'Connor and O'Brien standing counsel ; give them a fair interest and bonus , and then good luck to Biskop Bomet and paper rn . on . 6 V I We may return to this .
Did Captain Harvey Tuckett ever hear of the 16 th Lancers : n Bangui , or Martin Honey , erstwhile privato in them , afterwards a General and Chief in Runjeet Singh ' s service ? Honey was an Irishman , and a finefellow and good soldier . He deserted from his regiment and got across the Sutledge River , . was received with open anus , and made himself useful . We believe him to be now dead , but the opinion grea » prevailed in that regiment that he was in the viciBty of Lahore , when Lord We Bentinck had an interview with RuBJeet Singh ! Suspicions were afloat that more might join h > m , and be made " PrinceB , " so they were kept in the background , and had little opportunity if so intended . The " Sixteenth" wore very popular , and wore " mustachios , " which was rather an eye sore to the eleventh , Capt Tuckett's regiment , who wore none . Even in trifles our rulers display a meddling imbecility unworthy of men , and
although it was well known that the natives in India would deem our loss of mustacbio a Ios 3 of caste , and be degraded lite a Feringhee lUdre , yet orders were constantly sent to CoL Arnold , the commanding officer , to insist on a universal shaving . At length Lord Win . Bentinck , Colonel-in-chief of the Eleventh , and Governor-General in India , issued a peremptory order , and the Nappys were ordered to be in readiness . Ofiicers and men—men who had never suffered a razor to pass their lips for more than twenty years , wer « shorn as rein ortelessly as Samson , and the moral strength of the Regiment , was lost in the eyes of the natives ! They never could be persuaded but that it was done for disgrace asd punishment When Colonel Arnold came on parade after the shaving , he did not know his men , and though deeply grieved , the whole regiment burst out laughing . Poor fellow 1 he is dead , and much regretted byalL
- We must leave Bhurtpore , Gold Mohurs , and Brandy with a few ei-celeras , till next week . The Government seems in " a fix , " as Jonathan wonld say , sad there Tre will leave it . A Woolwich Cadet . ChichesteT , April llth , 1842 .
Jthe Northern Star. J Saturday, April 16, 1842.
JTHE NORTHERN STAR . j SATURDAY , APRIL 16 , 1842 .
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THE NEW NEW MOVE . " Last week we had little opportunity of commenting npon the grand demonstration of the power ; and overt manifestation of the purpose , of the wily ones assembled in . consultation upon the best means of patting down Chartism in Birmingham . Their sittings , though ended before our paper reached the hands of our readers , were not ended when it went to press ; and though we hadno difficulty in auguring , from the complexion of the whole previous proceed ings of the parties then aad there assembled , the 'almost inevitable character of their proceedings
npon that occasion , it might reasonably have been deemed out of course to pronounce judgment by anticipation . We have waited therefore , for the perfecting of the sittings , the investigations , and iEquirie 3 of these new " new move " gentlemen . Desirous to afford perfect justice ? and to consider everything in the most favourable light , that vre might approve , if possible , we determiaed not to trust ourselves to comment on the proceedings of this Stuegite Conference on the representation of our own reporter , lest the trick might be again resorted to of covering defection by a denunciation of the official , who , in the discharge of his duty , transmits to his employers a detail of
facts . We have waited for their own report , given by their official organ , the Nonconformist , whose conductor was not merely present , but prominent , thr-oughont the whole proceedings , and who takes public credit to himself for having dulj " nursed and sot up , " if not begoiten , the vrhole bantling , such as it is . We trust , therefore , ttat the conclusions we may come to from the readiDg of this report will noi be liable to the objection of being founded upon false premises , maliciously furnished by those who had a purpose to misrepresent the Conference . Here , then , we hare the official detail of the conference movements of the Stnrgites , given by themselves . And what 1 b the conclusion to which those details
inevitably lead the thinking mind ! Every good man must regard the proceedingsoftMs conference as valuable se far , and only so far , as they may furnish evidence of sincerity on behalf of the parties composing it , and the classes represented by them , in the prosecution of the great work , the establishment and fin tberance of which was said to be its object . We need scarcely Eay , that the Sturgeites have taken almost infinite paina to make people believe , that that object was the eEtatliBhrnent of such an understanding , such a cordial recognition , of interests and feelings between the middle and the working classes , as should perfectly unite the whole energies of the whole people , for lie detraction of class monopoly in legislation , and the assertion of the principle o ^ Uu : versal Suffrage .
Tbis was the -while gut and burden of their song . " Unioa" was their watch-word . The necessity for bringing the energies of the whole people into our focus was the daily text from which they preached sermons of forbearance , of enquiTy , of maguamnity of looking beyond " details" to principles—beyond men to measures , bo plausibly and with snoh apparent earnestness that some of the more simple among their Chartist auditors ( only a few , certainly and those of the more short-sighted ) began to think that men whose mouths -were so mealy , and whose manners were so mild , must mean well 1 It was onr misfortune to have seen too much of the
external complaisance of canning faction , when its " crib" is threatened , to be very easily satisfied that the new-born ztal for trnth and rightepasnes 3 of these late converts , was not more nearly allied to some sinister intention than they might choose to mske apparent . We warned the people , therefore ; we gave them the benefit of our experience and observation ; we put them on their guard against what we feared to be a . delusive lure , though we strove to hope better things of it . And the result serves to satisfy us ttat our vigilance was not less necessary than we hope it to have been sffictual .
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The Conference has been held ; and though Mr . O'Brien i 3 represented as having expressed himself highly delighted with its proceedings , and as having said that u when he entered that Conference he expeoted to meet with men who would admit their principle in wholesale , and fritter it avray in detail ; but his suspicions had proved groundless—( cheers ) . He had never been in any society—composed even exclusively of working men—in which he had found the democratic spirit more thoroughly develoved , "a careful reading of the whole report compels us ,
notwithstanding our deference toMr . O'BBiEN sjudgment , to adhere Btill to that which wo had previously formed of this whole movement , and to regard the very circumstances to which we have no doubt Mr . O'B . referred as the ground of his satisfaction , as so much additional evidence that the whole thing is a device of the enemy , and that insincerity is stamped upon its every feature . We repeat that we are able to diBTOver in the whole movement , of -which this Conference is the most prominent and distinguishing feature , and in the conclusions and resolutions come to by the Conference itself , no purpose save one , —
which is the exact converse of the one avowed ; no evidence but that of deeply-concealed hostility and well-covered treachery , to the great cause of democratic rule , for the success of which so much appearance of anxiety is manifested . We of course intend not that these strictures shall apply personally to each , or any member of the conference . That there were there those to whom they are most strictly applicable , and who will feel their truth , we verily beliove ; and that there were there those who , like O'Brien and others recognised as Chartist leaders , hoped all things" out of fervent charity , and were therefore indisposed
" To pry too nicely ' neath a specious seeming , " we can . have no doubt ; while we know that there were at least five good men and true from Bradford , who represented , not the Sturgite 3 , but the people of that town—the only ' town , ' so far as-we know , which sent delegates , not from a class , but from the people ; which delegates , we believe would have been prevented sitting had not the Sturgites feared that such a step would destroy their whole prospect of obtaining credit with the people for their projected "National" Association , and the presence of which delegates
we have no doubt contributed very largely to give the cue to the proceedings of the whole Conference . W ^ speak , then , not of men , but of measures ; we speak of this Conference collectively as a deliberative body , and of its acts , in reference merely to the tendency and character of those acts , and to their obvious likelihood to subserve or { retard the attainment of the end towards which they were professedly directed . That end is the concentration of the whole powers of thepeoplc to one point—the establishment of Universal Suffrage . TheConference washeld avowedly to devise the best means of carrying this principle .
The people had been feelingly exhorted to " lay aside every weight , " to detach themselves from all consideration of details , not to encumber the principle with any unnecessary clog , but to take it in all its be ^ Aful and naked simplicity , as a common bond of ^ Rrion—as a point around which all could rally ; so that our whole force might be brought to bear against faction . We told them , when the project was first mooted , that this , if meant honestly , must mean the Charter or nothing ; that the whole subject was not now to be considered as new matter : that it had been
thought about by men as wise , as honest , as practical , as cool-headed , and as well-disposed as those who had now made the discovery of the necessity of Universal Suffrage ; and that their great object of M full , fair , and free representation , " must of necessity include all the great principles ( or the * ' details" as these mushroom patriots were pleased to call them ) of the Charter-The Conference have acknowledged this!—thanks to the watchfnlness of the people , who , at the several previous meetings which had been held upon this subject all through the country , at the
meetings for electing several of the delegates and by the voice and vote of some of the delegates themselves , have shown their new-born friends that they were neither asleep nor drunk : that they knew the meaning of plain words , and that representation could neither be "fri ] l , fair , nor free , " if robbed ofany one of these principles of legislative fullness , fairness , and freedom . With the tact which long experience gives to men who have deep-laid designs to mature and perfect , the Sturga men diJ battle successively on these details with the blandest
semblance of forbearance and of courtesy ; and finding it impossible to evade the strong reasons to which the people ' s eyes had become clearly opened , they adopted every one of these details ; that is to say , in plain terms , they declared themselves Chartists . This was precisely the position into whioh the Chartists always told them they must come if they were Jhoacst ; and this is the reason why we , and the . consistent of the Chartists , who , thank heaven , were almost the whole body , have decried the new movement as a gratuitous diversion .
Having , then , come to the conclusion that all the six great principles of liberty , —tha very principles on account of which , under the name of the " points " or" details" of the Charter , they had heretofore refused coalition with the Chartist movement , —were necessary , did they , as consistent and as honourable men , at once say : " We have been wrong in opposing onr good friends , the Chartists ; it is clear that they were right npon the matter ; that they understood tha business better than we did ; that , as the Morning Chronicle acknowledged , the Chartists have been better calculators than the
middle classes ; it is reasonable to suppose that if they had formed more distinct perceptions of principle , they will also , having had the benefit of experience and observation , be likely to have a better knowledge of details properly so called , and of the necessary organization for carrying out principle , than any we can have ; we have now , therefore , only to dissolve our Conference , to vote thanks to , and confidence in , our schoolmasters , and to enrol ourselves at once amongst the people who have taught US the true principles of liberty , aB soldiers in the national army of patriots fighting the moral arid peaceful battle of the Constitution , and of " full , fair ,
and free representation ? " This would have been the conduct of honest men under such circumstance ^ Was it the conduct of the Conference I—that Conference whom Mr . O'Brien delights to honour and amongst whom he declares that he found the democratic principle developed to as full an extent as in any assembly in which he had ever sat ? Did the Conference , theD , having adopted the Charter in reality , adopt it also in name , and testify tho sincerity of their desire for union by enrolling themselves at once under its banners ? Let the querelous anxiety of itB members to escape the brand-mark testify : —
" Mr . Pelliser was sure that if they carried Annual Parliaments it would be said that they had adopted the Charter , and the next point contended for would be its name—( hear , hear ) . " an anxiety which seemed to be so fully felt by all , or at least a great majority of those present , that no one ventured to perpetrate such an atrocity as that of submitting for the adoption of the conference , the People ' s Charter , every principle of which they had just affirmed : a submission , which if it had been made , the Conference were told by Mr . Miall , the conductor of the Nonconformist , the Stdege oracle , to whom they afterwards voted : —
" That tbi 3 Conference cannot separate withont recording their heartfelt gratitude to Mr . Miall , editor of the Nonconformist for his powerful advocacy of our principles ¦; " that it should have had his firmest and most determined opposition . Let the people think only of the fact that these bold assertors of the democratic principle —these mild and conciliatory middle-class men —these earnest advocates of union between the
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middle and the working classes— -these men / who were so desirous to co-operate with the Chartists , and so anxious that the Chartists should seed delegates to the Conference , that they might be fairly represented there;—that these men had , as a collective body , just affirmed every single principle contained in the People ' s Charter—that they had declared every one of these principles to be absolutely necessary to tlieir notiona- —a ! ' full , f a ** , and free representatioa of tho people : " let the people think upon that fact , and than let them read the following resolution moved by Mr . William Lovett : —
" That this Conference having adopted such JUbt principles of representation as are necessary for giving to all classes of society their equal share of political power , and as : the People ' s Charter contains such details as have been deemed necessary for the working out of such principles , and has , moreover , been adopted by millions of our brethren as an embodyment of their political rights , this Conference , in order to effect a cordial union of the middle and working classes , resolve , in a future Conference ( in which thewhole people may bei ' fully represented ) , to enter into a calm consideration of that document , among other plans of political reform , and if approved of , to use every just and peaceable means for creating a public opinion in its favour . ?'
Here is a resolution then , not suck an one , certainly , as might have baen expected to follow the affirmation of all the principles of the Charter ; but such an one as might , at least , have been expected to disarm objection . It was surely the least thing the Conference could do , to tjstify the sincerity of thoir anxitty for union , after haying admitted every principle of the great measure to which they knew millions of their fellow-subjects , the working menthe very men with whom they were professing a desire to unite—to be wedded ; it was surely , we say , the least thing they could do , after having admitted its principles , to look at its details , to examine thorn , and see whether they were necessary , and whether
they were good . Did they manifest any disposition , then , to do this I Let the manner of their meeting Mr . Lovett ' s resolution answer . " Mr . Adams thought they would be better without the resolution at all ;•• but if it were persisted in , other plans besides the People ' s Charter ought to be included in it . " . " The Rev- T . Spenfcer agreed with the last speaker that the conference had not acted wisely in entering upon this subject . Had he wished to beeome a ChartiBt , 'he could have done so at Bath . He had shown his respect for the Chartists J and had
all of them conducted themselves like those present , many of the middle classes would have become Chartists era now—( hear , hear . ) Some persona were determined to have tho Charter , and nothing but the Charter . The same thing was said with regard to tho Reform Bill , They were called together for one object , and they were now considering another . They were met not to consider the Charter , but the plan of Complete Suffrage , as suggeste < by Mr . Sturge . If this resolution were carried , ; it would be said tttat they had given the subject the ' goby . '"
Mr . Spencer therefore proposed as an amendment , that the arrangement of details should be left to the Birmingham Committee . " Mr . Vines seconded the amendment . He was quite sure that if they adopted the name'Chartist , ' it would impede their operations . "Mr . O'Brien had no objection to an alteration being made in the resolution to the effect suggested by MrvMiaU . " Mr . Lovett altered the resolution with a view to meet the wishes of Mr . Miall and Mr . Adams . "Mr . Dewhurst was proceeding to defend the Charter , and to argue for the retention of the name " Chartist , ' when he was called to order by Mi . Lovett , and resumed his seat . "
" Mr . O'Bnen said it was not enough to lay down tho plan of an edifice , it must be constructed . He agreed with Mr * Lovett ' s emended restitution , though he could not have agreed to the original motion . He was anxious to merge the Chartist body into a National one—( heary hearji He was not satisfied with the position which the Chartist body now occupied ; nor was he satisfied with the present position of the Conference . HE W . 16 ABUNDANTLY SATISFIED WITH
what thk Conference had done ; but there was one thing Btill wanting , viz , that it should partake of a National character ; What were the obvious means of carrying that out ? There should be a body of delegates chosen from all the people of this country who were favourable to these proceedings . He was therefore anxious that there should be another Conference in which all parties should be equally represented . "
After abundance of talk , during that and aportioa of the next sitting , the matter ended in the uhs nimous adoption , on tho motion of Mr . William Lovett , of a resolution to form a new National Association , to be entitled ¦ ¦¦ *• The National Complete Suffrage Union" haying for its objects the establishment and furtherance of precisely the same principles as the National Charter Association . Thia was followed by resolutions to appoint missionaries and lecturers , to
print tracts and pamphlets , to establish a national weekly newspaper , and to raise funds by the issuing of cards of membership , varying in price from sixpence to fiv « pounds each , ( as a method , we suppose , of evincing the perfect development of the democratic principle !) and those resolutions are again followed by the adoption of a general plan of organization , affecting to differ a little from that of the National Charter Association ; but being practically in-operative , and perfectly illegal in its operation , by juat bo much as it does differ .
What , then , is the conclusion forced upon the mind by all these proceedings taken as a whole . The avowed object of these men is the uniting of the whole energies of the whole people , and particularly the uniting of the middle and working classes ; am they prosecute this otject by a means which can have no other effect than that of breaking up , as far as it may be successful , the union of tho working classes already established . This may be sufficient to prove to Mr . O'Brien that his suspicions of the Sturgeifce ' a were groundless ; we acknowledge , however much we may regret to dissent from his opinion , that upon our mind it
has worked a conclusion exactly the reverse of this . None know better than some of the old stagers in agitation who composed this Conference ; nono know better than the whole party who assume . the lead in this movement , that it is impossible for it to go on without seriously injuring the prospect of attaining that full , fair , and free representation , for which they affect to be so anxious . The co-existence of two "National " Associations , haying the same objects , and recognising the same principles , is alike needless , absurd , and impossible . They must fritter away each other ' s strength ; they cannot either of them become w National" without annihilating the other .
These Conference men have proved to a demon-: Stration One of tWO things : either that they are perfectly insincere , and that their object is net that which they profess , or that they are more devoid of the common principles of reason than the utmost stretch of our charity will allow us to suppose them to be . The very fact of their xejecting without enquiry or examination , the details of the Charter and tha organization of the already established National Society—established for * the a ttainment of their own principles—proves that they desire to effect not union but division among
the people ; and we now again ask the people plainly , whether , with this palpable evidence of fraud and insincerity upon its front , they will permit themselves to be bamboozled by the pretended assertion of their principles , into an alliance with , and a support of , parties whose plain object is to re-enact j upon a bolder scale , the bye-gone juggles of . their u liberal" brethren 1 We have no fears for them . The people have too much sense to be thus trapped ! Had the evidence of their sincerity appeared upon the face of the middle-class movement , none would have
hailed it with greater cordiality than we would ; nor would the whole people have been wanting in readiness to forget past injuries , and to forgive bye-gone wrongs . They would have extended the hand of fellowship to their late persecutors , now made rational and sensible , with right free good will . But under such circumstances we feel quite sure that they will have but one answer for them : they Will say plainly , " Messrs . Aliddle class , Full , Fair , and Free'' men , pray excuse us ; we are no longer to be hoodwinked ; if your object be the establishment of the principles you have es-
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poused , we Bball receive you heartily as brethren and fallow workers ; we shall congratulate you oa the improvement in your moral and intellectual character , and we Bhall gladly give you the benefit of our experience and belter acquaintance with the principles of right , for your further instruction in the mode of their development and furtherance . But you mm t not expect that we from whom you acknowledge to have learned your principles , shall submit ourselves to your guidance and intelligence . This would be indeed for the clear-sighted to choose blind leaders , and to deprive themselves of all reasonable ground of complaint , however disastrous might be their way , " In a word 4 they will point the Complete Suffrage Association men to the " ranks" of tha National Charter Association as
their due place and best opportunity of exhibiting their patriotic energy , and their no less patriotic love of union . We hold it to be clear as day-light that this is the precise position which the people must take , and the only position which they could take in reference to the new " New Move" Charter Associatioa , supposing its claims to a national character an 4 its exhibition of the democratic principle to have been much better and more forcible than they are . But what shall we say to this body , —this Conference , partially elected by narrow constituencies , —presuming to
constitute a portion of themselves a national society at all ? Our idea of democratic principle seems to differ strangely from that of Mr . 6 'Brien ; for we had thought that under the influence of this principle no Society could be at all deemed "National , " whose constitution and laws did not emanate from a deliberative body representing the power and intellect of the nation , which power and intellect our democratic principle teaches us to recognise only in the ; people themselves or in their representatives fully , fairly , and freely chosen-Here on the contrary is a body , of men , the major
part of them representing merely the handfuls of persons who signed Mr . Storge ' s Declaration ; and these men presume to lay down not only the principles but the rules , constitution , and laws of a society for the whole nation ; and not only so but to elect the officers by whom this " National" society is to be controlled and governed and its funds applied , for twelve months ; without the liberty , to any member of this " National" Society , to alter , or amend , or propose the alteration or amendment , of any one of its rules , however objectionable , for the like space of time ; nay more , so perfect is the
exhibition in the new :. " national" move of the democratic principle , that even at the end of twelve months no member of this "National" Society has the power to amend « r alter , or to propose the -amendment or alteration of any rule , however objectionable , except he be one of the " National' * officers now appointed by this Conference , representing , at the most , a few handfuls of men , and many of whose members represented no one but themselves . This is as fine an exhibition of the democratic principle as we have seen for some time
but it is fully equalled by other parts of the constitution of this new "National" society for the suppression of Chartism , upon which we have not at present either room or time for comment . We have already exceeded the space we proposed to devote to this subject in our present number , but we cannot leave it without giving one more « vidence from the report of the Nonconformist of theperfect sincerity of those middle class Stvboe men , in their ardent professions of a desire to conciliate and unite together the middle and working classes . " Mr . Dewhirst rose and moved , and Mr . Brook seconded , . ., ' '• ¦'¦ ¦ ¦
" That we , the delegateB , assembled in conference at Birmingham , having after due and mature consideration recognised and adopted the principles of Annual Parliaments , Uuiyersal Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , Equal Representation , No Property Qualification for Members of Parliament , and Payment of Representatives , cannot under such circumstances consistently separate without giving a cordial and hearty vote of thanks to the working classes for the indomitable courage , hearty
perseverance , and Christian forbearance manifested by them as a body in times of trying Want and surpasssing emergency brought about by the misrule Of class legislation and the monopoly of interested speculators ; and we further pledge ourselves to co-operate in every constitutional agitation for the purpose of creating , orgahisiBg , and directing such union of all classes as may tend to the attainment of the principles which we have recognised . '
Several delegate 9 , among whom wasMr . O'Brien , urged the withdrawal or modifieation Of the resolution , but the mover and soconder declared that they would : not accede to it ; the Conference might either rejectjoradoptit . " Now mind , this i 8 no statement of a "lying reporter for the Northern Star ; " it is the report , without alteration or our / ailment , of the Sturge oracle , the Nonconformist . And we learn , from the sequel of that report , that as the two brave
Bradford men refused to withdraw this resolution , and left it to the Conference to adopt or Tejeet it , the Conference obliged them by rejecting it . " The votes are given in the report ; for the amendment , ( that is for the rejection of the Bradford men's resolution ) 41 ; against the amendment , 5 , Names are not specified , but we pledge our lives that the five were the five Bradford men .
To conclude—at least for this time . We shall probably be looked to for some opinion upon what course the people should pursue as to the future movements of this new self-constituted- * 'National '' Complete Suffrage Association . Here then is our opinion at once . The people should have nothing to do with them . They should leave them alone in their littleness , and laugh
at them . The people must not oppose them , for they profess to be seeking the advancemeat of our principles ; 1 st them , therefore , go on their own way ; and if they are determined to go alone —if they are determined to make a foot-road for themselves alongside the people ' s turnpike , in God ' s name , let them walk on it it until their ancles ache , and they begin to feel their loneliness . But support them against the factions in all their
assertions of the great principles of liberty . If they should be weak enough to take the open field in defence of our principlea relying on their own strength , rush to the rescue , lest the enemy should overcome them ; let them not , by any means , be beaten by the open and avowed advocates of class legislation : on everypublic occasion when the Complete Suffragites muster for the assertion of our common principles , there let the Chartists muster with them toa man ; let there be no such division in our ranks as the enemy can take advantage of ; let them be well protect : d , and by our assistance made triumphant , in every public assertion of our
principlea which they may attempt ; bat never leavo them without letting them know to whom they are indebted 3 . never leave & meeting without a resolution pledging the people to their old leaders sojong as these remain faithful , to their tried irienus who have brayed the battle aad the breeze to their pwn national organisation , which they know ta be legal and efficient , and to the evidS of smoerny to the cause by enrolment in the National Charter Association . This is the advice we give the people ; we give it in all sincerity and earnestness ; and we tell them ^ that if it be not heeded , they are likely to have bitter and abundant reason for repentance . < f « w « ui ,
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Q ® o mt&evis m ® € ovv ^? oittiewt ^ BEIKF RULES FOB THE GOVEBXMENT OF ALL WH 9 FBITK FOB THIS PaPBB : — 1 . Write legibly . Make as few erasures and interiineations as possible . In WritiDg names of persons and places be more particular than usual to make every letter distinct and clear—also in using words ^ not - . ; . - ¦ . ¦ English . - ' " \ " - ¦¦ ' . ' r ' ¦[ ¦' :. '¦¦ '¦ ' '¦ .. " ; . ; . ¦ . "•• . - " . ¦ . ' .: ¦; 2 . Write only on one side of the paper . _^ . l 3 . Employ no abbreviatioaa whatever , bub ¦ write out , ; ; ,... ^^^^
every Word in fulL : , t 4 . Address communications not to any particular person but to " The Editor . '' : 5 . When you sit down to write , don't be in a harry CJpnsWer that hurried writing makes slow printing . 6 . Remember that we go to press on Thursday ; that one side of the paper goes to presu on Wednesday ; that we are obliged to go oh filling up the paper the whole week , and that , therefore , when a load ef mat ter comes by the last one or two posta , it unavoidably happens that much of it is omitted ; and that it ia therefore necessary to be prompt in your
communications . - -. -. . ' ' . . ; : :- . - . ' . . :.- ¦ : ¦¦ : ' '' " . All -niatters of news , reports of meeting * , « & , etc referring to occurrencea on Friday , Saturday , or Sunday , should reach us by Monday ' s post ; aueh as refer to Monday ' s occurrences by Tuesday evening ' 8 post ; Wednesday ' s occurrences by Thnrsday ' s post ; and Thursday ' a news by Friday momiDg ' a post , for second edition . Any deviation from this order of supply will necessarily subject the ' matters as received to the almost certainty of rejectiouor Beri « us cuttailment , and ' vk take no blame , for
All personal correspondence , poetry , literary communications , and articles of comment to be here - by ' Tuesdayj or their chance of insertipn for that week ^ iU W very small indeed ; if uot here by Wednesday -we don't hold ourselves bound even «• tiolicethem . ' '' : '•' ' .-.. " ^ - 7 .. Pinally , remember that we have only forty-eigh columns ; weekly for all England , Scotland , Wales , and Ireland j that we have no interest inf preferring one town or place to another , be cause ours is . not a . local but a national paper ; that we are bound , therefore , in dealing : with the masses of matter whick come to ub , to hold the scales of Justice evenly—our flrtt ebject being the
promotion and enhancement , according to our own best judgment , ef the success of the great and good cause ; and our second , the distribution of our time ¦ an d space so a ? to give least cause of complaint ; that we are alike bound to this course of aciion fcy inclination , interest , and duty ; and that , there * fore , it is uselesa and senseless for individuals to fume and fret , and think themselves ill used be cause their communications may riot always be inserted , or for societies to trouble their heada and waste their time in passing votes of censure upon us for devoting tco much space to this , or too little to that , or for inflerting this thing which they think should have been omitted , or for omitting the other thing which they think should have appeared . All
. these are matters for our consideration , and for toe exercise of our discretion and judgment , which , we assure all parties , shall be always used , so far as we are able to perceive , honestly for the publio , without fear or favour to any one , and without < being allowed to be turned for one instant from its course by ill-natured snarls or bickerings . GORKESPONDENTS OF IHE STOBTHESN STAB ;—London—T . M . Wheeler , 7 , Mills Buildings , Kriightsbridge . Marwliesler— 'W . Griffin , 34 , Lomas-Btreet , Bank Top , Birmingham--Geoige " . White , 29 , Bromsgrove-street . Newcastle- ~ Mi . J . Sinclair , Gateshead . Sunderlani—Mr . J . WiHiams , Messrs Williams and Binns , bpoksellera , Sheffield— -Mr G . J . Harney , news agent , 33 , Campo-laue . Both
—Mr . G . M . Baitlett , 8 . Trinity-place , "Walnut . Chartist Addresses . —The General Secretary—Mx John Campbell , 18 , Adderley-street , Shaw's Brow , * Manchester . Chartist Blacking ' Manufacturer-Mr . Roger Pinder , Edward ' s-sq . uare , Edward ' splace , Pottery , Hull . Secretary to the Frost , WiU lianis , and Jones Restoration Committee—3 . Wilfcinson , 5 i Cregqe Tei-race , Bell's Barn Road , Bir-. Mingham . —J . T . Smith , Cuartist Blacking Maker , ' Tavistock-steeet , Plyniouth . - ; / : ¦;¦;_ Deeby . — The friends of : this neighbourhood hawing communications for the Star , or otherwise affecting the Chartist movement , are requested to Bend te me to ^ ^ Mr . Thomas Biiggs , / oat ' e of Mr . John Moss , shoemaker , Plumtree-sflLuare , Uarley-lane , Derby .
Monet Okdees to this Office . —Our Cashier ia frequently made to endure an amount of inconvenience , utterly inconceivable by those who have not multifarious transactions like his to attend to , by ' , the negligence of parties not attending to the plain instructions so often given , to make all money orders S 6 nt here payable to Mr . JOHN Ardiii .. Some orders are made payabie to Mr . O'Connor ^—some to Mr . Hobson—some to Mr . Hill— -some to Slar-o&ee : all these require the signature of tha person in whose favour they are drawn before the money can be obtained . This causes an attendance at the post-office of , sometimes , severalhours , when a few minutes might suffice if all were : rightly given—not to ^ mention the most Vexatious delays
of payment sometimes caused by it Several old Agents—who certainly ought to know better—have often thus needlessly incovenienced us ; we therefore beg that all parties having money to send to the Star-of&CB for Papers , by order , will make their orders payable to Mr . JOHN ARpiLL . If they neglect thia , we shall not hold ourselves bound to attend to them : if , therefore , they find their neg lect to produce inconvenience to themselves let them not blame us . Irish Universal Sufpbage Asspcuxiow . —We are requested by the President of this Association to state that E . F . Dempsey is not Secretary to the < Irish Universal Suffrage Association , nor was he ever electedin the room of Mr . P . M , Brpphy . Mr W . H . Dydtt , printer , bookseller , and stationer , No 26 . North King-street , Dublin , is the Secretary to
the ^ Irish Universal Suffrage Association , to whom all Papers and Communications should be ad . - : dressad . ' .. ' / ' - : ' ^ : ' : -. , ¦ ' ¦ : . "\ -v "' , . ;' To Agents . —A . great portion of the Orders of our Agents which should be in our office on Thursday , at latest ; have for several weeks back come on the : Fi'iday ; nearly all the Scotch Agents * Orders have come on the Friday often * This may be occasioned by the delays of the mails , owing to the Weatherj but there certainly is ho reason why the Agents at Hull , Liverpool , and even Barisley and Bradford , should send their Orders to reach the Office just at the time the pipers are going out of it . Any OfiDERS IJOT IN THE OFFICE ON THURSDAYS cannot be attended to : and any paoera returned in onsequenee of 0 rder 3 being late will not be c dited . .
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Ma . Griffin , of Manchester , acknowledges the receipt of 10 s ,, per . post office order , from the Char lists of Halifax , for , the victims at the Hall of Science , arid on their behalf returns them his sincere thanks . ¦ Halifax . — 7 * is most urgently requested that all our Chartist friends direct their communications to Joseph Thornton ] , Barurn Top , Halifax ^ until fur / her notice . . , Mr . James Sweet begs to acknowledge the receipt 0 / the Petitionfrom Doston ^ Lincolnshire * v All Lettebs for Mr . Taylor during the next three weeks to be addressed to hiniycare of Mn Sweety news-agent . Goose Gate , Nottingham .
The Report of the Frome district meeting was received after the last week ' s Paper was at ¦ press . ' ¦; ' . ' ; . . ;¦ ? . ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦; ' . . •;¦ ' : ¦ ; ¦ ' . ' ¦ ; ¦ / v ¦• ' GHARTisr Tithes . —A Chartist (' from his infancy tells us that he meaiis , as soon ( is his arrangements ¦ are completed , which will he in a few voeeks \ lo supply his brother Chartists with ink , to be called "Chartist Ink , " and to forward to us weekly , for the : use of the Executive , one penny out ofeyerg shilling of the proceeds ofthtsule thereof . Mk . Thomas Short has received from the Chartists of Winchcomb 5 s . for the masons on strike . T . J . SMixn . —JYiere is no law in tfo mailer ; but the usage of all idell ordered ' assemblies is
decidedly against the ex-M . P . to wham he refers . Mossley . —Mr . Thomas Large , Baguley-hUl , M ' osley t has been appointed sub Secretary , in place of George Hoylc , resigned . Birmingham Young Man ' s Charter Association . - ^ - We have no room for their address . . . ; J . J ., Le ( jarms-lane , Bradford—We- thank our - friend most heartily'for hiskindly rebuke . We have rie doubt thai it is written in perfect sincerity and meant in perfect kindness . He must excuse our publishing it , a * we cannot perceive o ^ y good end it would answer by itspublicalion i Wore : especially as he has assigned wo reasons for the opinion hs has expressed . ' '
Daniel Marsden strongly recommends to all For-. festers , Odd Fellows , and other secret orders , to connect with each ; lodge a co-operative store . In support of h's proposition , he says ; - — " Suppose , for instance , that each Lodge has £ 100 at .. ;' . command , and tliat they agree to lay out such suni in stores ; and suppose that each society has fifty members , and thateach member expends IS 3 . per ¦ week , making the aggregate ^ £ 37 10 0 ; then suppose ; further , that Is . 6 < L perpound sterling be allowed for proflte , making £ 2 15 s . 6 d . per week , or . fill 2 i . 8 d . per month , and £ lU . 6 s . Od . a year—a sum which , if properly laid out , would furnish or build , in the course of tan or twelve
years ; a comfortable house for each member , which Would confer on them the elective franchise . " SHEFFiELD . —Mr . Q . J . Harney has received from W \ X > Y 2 sfor-the Executive . -Mr .. H . has forwarded the money to Mr . Campbell , who has _ acknowledged the receipt of it . Persons willing to become lecturers for the East andNorth Iiidingdistrictof ' Yorkshiremustsend their names to the ' Sect etary , EdwardBurley , 19 , Billon ; Street , Layerthorpe , York . Everyi-ccmdi-. date must forwardcredentialsft : om the Distriei _ Secretary , testifying to talent and hobriety . ± 0 the Chartists of the East and North RlDiKGS . —Those places who ' have : not already forwarded their share ; of Convention Fuiid are requested to do so immediately to the Secretary .
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- — ~ — — — — — — ^^^^^^ m - ~ ~ r *~ ^ ~~^ ¦ ¦* m 1 * CHARTISil , JOHN COilPAJfY , AND CABOIH-( Continued from our last . ) Afjhsn " G-ierilks" aad Spanish " Guerillas "—. Major Prctaian , and the " Bheels" . ' " Prinze Hoee ; - " and Sctvbg Day 11 BUuitport G :- ' . d Mohurs . aDd Brandy ! J 1 \ Ce sse ss , ! .- ?«•;•»* . s for iiidir-criminate and relentless massiere , or i ^ -i _ th-j Times' ' ils it , fcutchfrry , ana least of Eil tLi n t . 19 eneaiy lajs prostrate and at cur fctt helpless ; K-ct t ; : cre are sciue < asea in "wMch eensore must be Iai 4 on Hibtly , or the actions themselves jnstifiibla . Slid c ^ vsa ixs polat i 3 thai of the " Afghans . " "Without fcnttriirg iiito the " po ' . Itici" of the afiair , ¦ whsre i 3 the eificKace btlwexB tfce patriotism ( and ail tie vlrlnes thei \ u ; t'j appertiir . lns . tf vho Afghan and Spanish Gaer'ila ? B . ith had thuir countries invaded by m = u hostijs ij iheir creed , and foreign % o their
language—the Ia ^ ei . i 3 a r-. th czses -sristiugto possess the country and a ^ : xrs resources , ia preference to a rivalthe British is lads Ibicklnj to wast ths Russians , the French in Spain iuoTir- ^ heaven asti " ^ arth to destroy the po-wer and itda ^ ce . f England . Tho French in Spain did not succeed , aid tb = BriiLsh in Afgoanistan nave met with a reverse Uiipari-leitjd either in ancient or modern history . The ^ ame parties htre who landed so tcmnphanUy the pro- ^ e&s cf the Sparjich Guerilla—tile * ' priests" -who prccsiisd ficctrirjes frcm theii pulpits iitUa short cf sisassination , and that to destroy a republican and iiUidel Frenchman in this world , "was a sare passport to a good b-rth in the noxt—all these gentry with their iiabwdie train , are now shouting at the full pitch of thair voices for revenge on the poor Mahometan Afghan Guerillas , and demanding a bloody sitiilictioa for acting like men , and fresiBg their 11 homes and altar , " from the presence of & ruthleBE
. We Era not rejoicing over this nnfortanate mishap ; ¦ we hz . y left many dear friends whose bones are Weach- ' ing in Afghanistan ; eariy associatioiiE would maie us foTC £ o the slightest symptom of pleasure in our defeat , hut T ? a ouahiTto be consrUtent and call things by their right cames . What iB hlitk in "Spain" cannot bs white in Afghanistan , and " llaaorcmtdTn Shuhdeea " should be equally Eawed as ' Christian martyrs , " or , at the least , the religious world might deem them 80 , . and no ! preach a crusade in England and H-cdostan , for their acting there in the same manner v ? e "would do at horse . We are not esathless * he ^« , fa ^ fcery" is spoken of , j sad onr enormities | aff « Ijeenjgj ^ t in India ; Major ( Freeman of the lipimftagafiB&'qggi . commanding at J Aumngabid , had '~ « afar < ^ g j ^ aj ^ tl'le fores to . " - " . '" ; ' H- ' V ' *^^^^ . " : . '
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TO THE WORKING PEOPLE . . ( frcm the English Chartist Circular . ) 1 IT DEiE . FB . IRKBS , —While legislatois , ^ liticsana , phfloscphers , and polftic&l econoaiistij , - ^ a severally engfcgea is starching on \ Uie cause cf yo * distress , and in faneyu'Jy recomtneDdiEg a means fst its correction , sllow me to suggest to your plain tommon sense the nature of yourcompfeint , and the oe £ y remedy by which scure can posEibly "be effected . Your complain * is machinery , and the remedy is the Chaeteis- Steam , tbe J ? oa ? l&w Amendment Act , and a , Rural Paiice , ecnstltaie ^ a trioity c-f Tillany , Compkte and in ^ visibie . Stesni looks for free trade , ¦ while those vho attend upen it at home » re rendered iccspable of possessing acy of its advantages . The same persoes who advocate free trade as a party , irere
the originators botk of Uie Poor Law Amendment Act and of tisa RosaJ Poiice . Biongham , Htnne , Ho&rrack , Grote , MolG 8 \ TOtth , 'Ward , and Waiburton , are amonpt ths foremost o * free-traders , and are wedded to the Poor law Amesdment Act ; and most of them—if not all—are supporters of the Rural Police . Thus we find the measures closely allied , while we discover in their leading supporters a recotrnition of their unity- If I car . lay more plainly before yon what has been hinted s . t in speeches , you trill not quOTel with the repetition . Tbe great art of writing—to my mind—consists in its clearness . In this letter I shall take up the question of the indirect operation nf machinery . I am induced to do so in consequence of a very foo'i * h attempt by the 5 wn newspaper and the Perth Chronicle , to misrepresent my notions witii regard to machinery .
The S-an , in-commenting upon my position , declares ihafc machinery cannot be the canseof the present distress , inasmueh as machinery has not been applied to making clothes , shoes , and hats ; and yet taiiors , and shoemakers , and batters , iteays , are fully participating in the genera ! suffering . I answer , that machinery does not make beef ; yet are bntcbers suffering from the efrc-ets of machinery . * Ko new machinery has been applied to ^ making bread 01 grinding corn ; yet hare bakers . -nuIleM ^ and floui-factora been damaged by machinery . Machinery dees not build bouses , or produce timber , slate , or
stone ; yet have masons , carpenters , slaters , tilers , tamber-merthaats , aad all persons engaged in building , beea iEJcred by machinery . Suppose your foreign bade to fes worth fiftj -two millions a-year ; of what benefit is that to the shopkeepers , or to thosa wh . » are displaced by its operation from their natural position , by being made unwilling idlers ? -Just take one million of Idler 3 , who , befere the great increase of machinery , earned much more than one pcund per wsek each , and you have an exact set-off c f fifty-two millions per annum lost to the million un . ¦ silling idlers , and to the -community at home .
Let me be very explicit upon this subject « f the indirect influence of machinery . I will instance Bolton . "Within tie last few years , in Bolton , the number * f cotton mrds has been doubled , while the rmunber ct hands employed have been reduced to nearly one half ; aad tie conscience is , that those-who have been displaced from work by the improved machinery eat neither batcber's meat nor bread , drink neither tea nor ceffee , us * no sugar , wear no clothes , hats , or shotsj ¦ while tbey have bten thrust out of houses built for the spirit cf trade . Now , all those pers&ns who supplied tbe above arlicles to operatives in employment taTe no dianant ! , and , cons . q ^ entSy , make or provide no snpplj . Hence does machinery operate indirectly up&E trade , commerce , and business of all sorts in a
manner aluicss inconceivable . Let us tahe , for example , the grossest snd apporentiy most unassailable branch of trade . In Bo ton , there are now about thirteen hundred uninhabited cottages . This want of occupancy in * cottages -will Tsry speedily lead to the wntgnaTiHrig of shops ; and the surrender of shops "will be followed by the removal of the landlord ^ who lived upon Tents derived from those shops , to the cottages "srhieh have been abandoned by the ejected operatives ; eons&qiiently . these three classes of houses , those occupied by the little landlord , the shopkeeper , and the working man , will stand as a competitive po * er against tfce importer of lamber , the timbermerchant , the amrrymen , tie brickmakers , " the stone-masons , bricklayers , tilers , iron-masters , nailors ,
slaters , plasterers , painters , and glszlers , and all othsr trades and parties engaged in building houses . Nay , mote ; evuy trade in Sheffield and Birmingham will sqtkt from ths empty houses . Empty houses are not famished . No stoves , grates , fenders , fire-irons , locking glissesi . razors , jogs , kettles , pots , gridirons , beds or bedsteads , cfciirs or tables , are found in empty houses ; ¦ while the overloaded pawn-shop 3 snpply , of good , lad , and indifferent materials from the general wreck , more than is required for the present "wants of a debased , eaalaved , and pauperised community . Watch-makers , jewellers , corfcction&rs , dress-makers , haberdashers , coach-proprietcrs , railway companies , play-house
managers , booksellers , and all the liberal professions , even persons who live npon voluntary contributions , ara , one and all , materfelij-, very vitally , affected by machinery ; for , mj friends , be it remembered , that if you cannot spend with the shopkeepers , the shopkeepers cannot Epead on luxuries , nor yet on the necessaries of life ; and I assure you , however tbe landed aristocracy may desire to cat the caaHectlon between themselves and the Great Unleashed , yet are thet also beginning to discover thct an empty house vajs no rent ; and an empty bouse pays no mortgages ; &Bd the Jew and money-jobbers are begvnr . in- ; ~ \ q tiiiuk that 20 s . in the pound was too much to advance upon lands raised to an unnatural and artificial prica by class legislation .
Let us now see how a surplus of workmen in each trsue , created by the people ' s inability to spend , operates directly upon that tra £ e in places remote from the scene of smoke devastation . Take . Birmingham es an install ca By the census ot 1831 , tfeerc -srere about fl ? e hundred uninhibited houses in Sirmingbam , while by the census of IS 41 , there were about ihp . eb thocsasd houses uiioesipied ; the cosseqaencs is , that Ptto and Grissell have no difficulty in tyrannising over good men in their employment . The Birmingham masons and othgrs connected with house building , rery naturally make their way to where tte demand is ; and they constitute a reKTV 0 for the masfcsrs to fall back upon . The starving thousands in Lancashire cannot "wear hats , coat-i , or
shoes ; and as s matter of course , the unemployed hatters , tailors , and shoemakers find out where trade is nioEt ¦ bris k , and make their way to the labour market . The metropolis presenting the most fluttering prospect , Slither they go by steam in nine hours , and they constitute in their several trades a reserve for their employers to fall back upon , and thus enable them "without resistance , or erea a struggle , to reJnce tte vz ^ es of taeir workman . Thus , then , I tiisk that I hsve establishe ^ tto fact beyond any power of refutation , that machinery is your complaint , and the Charter your only remedy aedenre ; and ere long tbe foolish shfepkeepsrs "will begin to find out , that all the money made in a f jrtiL ~ 3 market by artificva . 1 production is applied by tbB _ E 2 ! Dj : ec > rrac 7 eirher to tbe purchase of land OI laid oat os mjrtga ^ s on LAND , AT HOME . : wiiile tfce result U , ihit thesbf . pkee i- ersare beggared , starved ,
mmcased , 2 d " : saclad , m constqueace of the inability of theunwilii ^ ^ i-. ii-.-rs t > replenish thsirtiilf ; audnlriraately tliis diabo ' . icai ^ jstocn of wiiole-sale and uiicaecksd gambling in ti _ -.-h j ^ d blood will lead to ths . entire iictai-rnoaiiiDi : und uisariangement of soe ^ ty : for , as 1 bsve more iban once said " . AN EMPTY TILL OX S ^ TTKDAY NIGHT MAKES AN UGL Y WIFE OK stSOiY MOS . ^ 1 > "G . Machinery , then , not only sJizt-S its ii 3 im = iii £ . U : -rietisis , bat indirectly aStcts ererr c-sj ^ of the c ; minuriity . It has at length competed rojzlzy iz % t \ f tor-licquiEh a portion of its pay , Eiidiiuiit ch ^ ckrd \ riil drive it from the throne , and the EJislO'iury iru : n house ^ nd home . 1 am , yc-nr f : dtLiuI friend and Eervan * -, F £ JEGI ; S OC 0 S 50 B . l . tr -. > , riT , * . IJt . J : ? f :. i TV 1 ^ l £ > , ^ C ^^~
House Of Commons, Wednesdat .
HOUSE OF COMMONS , Wednesdat .
The adjouraed debate on the income tax was resumed by Mr . Aldam , of Leeds , Mo SoundedSs objectzona to ^ an income tax on awount oYiSuffltonal character , ^ Some parts , however ; of the Ministerial measure had his approbation . * ¦ •»»«» " «» FS ^ - fv ^ W ensued * , in which Mr . & fehS ; ^^^ o ^ Smdon , ' Sir CNapier , r , ^ i , ' ? ^ h ? ^ » Mr - Hawes , Sir James ibteh ^' tw ^ ^ « W « sIey , ' and Colonel bibthorp had their say , when the ^ House divided . For bringinR upthe Report ... ... 308 toTij ord John ' s Amendment ... ... 202 Peel ' s majority . „ ,., ~ IO 6 After some B farther conversation , the Report was Sm ^ ^* " leaYe sivett i 0 briDg in tW
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4 THE NORTHEP STAR . ; - ^ x-r , \/ . \\ [ : ' ; ; : " . ^
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 16, 1842, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1157/page/4/
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