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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st September 1839, Edition 1 of 1, Page 1, Untitled Article

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    • TO THE mGHT. HON. THE EARL OP ^GlISTON, EGLINTON CASTLE, AYB - SHIHE.
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      Untitled Article

      Our reasons f () r , dissolving are as follow :-r-# ist . r ^ We ;; are of ppiniou that even in ordinary tinies—times of security and legal Gov ^ riiment—the Conventioncould . ¦ ' iiotii > v » th safety to itself , or advantage to thie ca ' twe , assunae a bolder posltiori than it has liiflierto occupied , nor recommend : riiore decided measures than it has already riBcommendedi In other words , were we to sit six or twelve months longer , we , could not contribute more towards realising the objects . of our mission than \ ve have already contributed , through the organised system of agitation we . bavo set on foot j .- 'ind' through the ultorior measures we have , recommended . Until that organizationshall have been completed , ( by its extension throughout the kingdom ) and the ulterior measures fully carried out by the people

      , moro especially the measures relating to exclusive pealing ; cpNVEnsiojf op PAPkb int 6 iijptp , WITHDRAWAL OF MONEY FROM THE SAVINGS' P ^ NKS , arid , above . all , the pkoy i qi ng the arms of freemeii for self-defence—until these , have bpou carried out , neither this Gonyehtidn * uorany 8 iinvlariy constituted body , can advance another step towards the enforcement of the People ' s Charter ; To rceommond strongeririeasuTes ; than -these s wovilu : be to peril the movement , bybringing . it into premature collision > vitntho . law ; and to advise weaker ones would be only to diicourago our Mendsj by the appearance it would ^ h ^ fe of retrogradatioi ^ and ^ leieat , The ( brmor ' eourse would bo . rash- aflid dahgerwiaJfTho latter ^ ould : be base and icowardly uiwofufy of ourselves , and insulting to . our constituents .

      2 nd . —If the foregoing ^ considerationsi would suffice , in ordinary titoe ^/ tq show the bropriety of discontinuing our sittings , they are doubly conclusive iii times Tike the present , whim not oven the semblance of law or justice is observed towards the unrepresented classes . . In " point of fact , we know notj Ij ! ellQw ^ cQuu . trymenyih 3 , t \ yo could now suggest for your adoption a single additional measure , the working out of which , would not expose yOu to persecution and imprisbumfeut . Tb he cohvniced of this , you have but to look ; at the late arbitrary arrests , and to the / multitude of victims now languishing : in the principal gaols of England and Wales . If you meet peaceably and legally . to make known your grievances , your peaceable : and legal ineetinga are treated as - illegal and riotous ; not

      unirequently they arc dispersed by brute force . Your ojipressora : command their mercenaries to bludgeon you , regardless iilso of iheir own laws and and . of yotir lives , arid if you attempt to defend yourselves , you ate liable to the worst . consequences - ^ even to capital punishment * If your assailants kill ' you , without prbvbcationy it is " justifiable homicide ! " If you kill them iii self-defence , it is " Wilkul Muki > er ! " If you speakthelanguage of constitutional ^^ remonstrance , it is " sedition !"and the speakers of it are treated worse than felons by the . authority- of men who are themselves both traitors to the constitution , and felons to the nation . The like system of proscription ; attaches to all who would harbour or befriend you in ^ h y way .: Ifj for instance , ah innkeeper or publican allows you a room his

      jii i house to meet in , ho 13 forthwith menaced with the ruin of hia business , through the arbitrary withdrawal or suspension of his license . Arid while this ... hideous . System of terrorism is practised with impunity by the rich against you ; only let a poor Chartist solicit a few . pence from a rich man towards the legal deteiice of Borne incarcerated victim and it js called intimidation ! ' Nay , the unfbrturiate applicant is seized by the police and committed to gaol as a ' common rogue or vagabond ! In short , our de facto rulers have revoflutioniised the'Gqverriment of England intc > an actual reign ^ . of terror against all who will not prostrate tlwmsctves at the rich usurpers' feet—against all who will not make a burnt offering of their birth-right , their independence , and manhood upon the altar of Mammon . Neither for the

      poor man hiiriself , nor for his friends in the ipaiddle ranks , ( should they be Chartists , ) is there a vestige of legal pro ' toction . ; Scathed and : pursued j > u 6 ftcty by the Qovejrnmentj ground downand persecuted in prtrotebyjiherioh whomake the Government—they are , as it were , outlawed from society , and all but hunted out of existence . Nay , the Virtuesof a Ch ^ rifet are punished as crimea by the same law thai , exalts the rich Usurper ' s cr imea into merits of the first order . " ¦ ' ¦¦ ' . . : ¦•" . •; ¦'' : ; . ' ¦• ' . ¦ . " ;¦ ' \ ¦ ¦' . ' . ¦¦ , ¦ . , .-: ¦; - - . . ; . . ;¦ ¦ Such being a . true picture of our present political condition , y * u will at onco see , fellow-countryinen , the inutihty of our continuing to sit longer as a Convention . In that capacity w « could offer you rib adyic « K-wecould suggest -no new ultorior measures to you , which would not either discredit uai

      drMperiji yqUi Did we counsel you to folly or weakness it wonld degrade us in your : estimation . Did wo suggest any thing likely to rousa you to indignant action , it would but expose you , unpreparod , 10 the vengeful blow * of the oppressor . : All these circumstances considered , we haver come to the conclusion that , wo can render you n 6 : further service , as a Convention—that wo have already done all that ) wo were capable of doing in ' -that capacity— - that in fact , we should be only squander ing your hardearned money , wasting pur owntime , and betraying the confidence of the country , werei we to sit one hour longer ^ after the publication of this addressi than may be necessary tb settle some financial and other matters upon which committee * are now sitting . . ¦ ¦ ;• '' : "¦ ' ; '; v . -L ¦ ;¦¦ ¦ .: ' : '¦ ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ , ' ' . '¦ ¦¦ . '¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' . ' 7 .- ¦ ¦ ' in aaaiuon

      ou . — - w iiiuiorcgoingjWemigiiiauuuce many other arguments intho juistiticatiou of the step we havfr decided ttpon ; weinight remind , you that annual or Sessional Parliaments is a leading article of our (^ artist creed , that paid repreBentatives ought not to sit longer than they have actual busiiieai to transact , and that the advocates of short Parliaments could not , with consistency , b& the abettors of long Conventions . But wo deem further argument supcrfluouB , believing as we ^ do , that our ^ est justification will be fouud iu the happy results which wo anticipated from the- dispersion of the delegatea amongst their coristituents . ' jRien and there a new field of agitation awaits themi- * field in which their labours must be attended with the best resultsprovided they db their duty : and continue . to : enjoy your co-bperation and support . For . think riot

      lellow-couritrymen , that in abandoriing the ConTerin tion , we Mean to abandon the cause . On the contrary , it is only with ; the viewa arid hqpe of bringing that glorious cause to a speedy and triumphant terminatioa that we consent to diwolye the Convention , and to fe-appeariiv a riew character upon a new arena . Hitherto we hare only agitated for pur rijghts and franchiBcs . ^^ Y ^ e are now about to aseert theni prsctically . Arid m this Vrings u » to the second object of tnisaddrossy let us riowbrleflj Buggestthe course of action which , from the altered circumstances of your position , it Will be henceforth expedient for you to pursue ; : ¦ ; v Ab more Radical assdciatqrs , or bodie » of men united ; toVagitatei for--the Charter , you can effect littlemoro rood . The eamo ^ tyrannic power : which

      renders us impotent to lead , >» a Oorivention , renders you impotent to follow as mere Chartist societies . Inpoiut of fact , our Chartist agitation has been wellmgh Buppressed -r . by the illegal ^ iolttice of our rulers . If it has not , been altogether exliriguished , it is only because the new military levies have riot yet been completed * arid : the ; new rural police not yet organised . When onco established there will either be an end put to Radical meetings altogether , or thai right will be so . fettered arid cramped With conditions , as to be . rendered nngatory ^ in practice . Now , there appears tbbe but biib way of escaping the meshes in which ; it is sought to entangle us : ft is to . convert all our Chartist Associations into Election Clubs , arid : all our fihufiist ; leaders and lecturers into candidates for- -Parliamentary ' honours' . : The

      Whig arid Tory -. knaves of the House of Commoos are already beginning to canvass the cpnstituenciesi with a view to the next gbrieral election . Ascarididates for seats in Parliameftt , they may riot only call public meetiugSj auywhes © ind evetyYTbere , of , both electors anduourelectors , but they are also free to call at every man ' s house * and by persoual . canvass to ascertaiu every man ' s politic 8 : ~ -in . ' other words , to find out who are their friends , and toftp are their enemies . ^ They may even draw \ up printed lists of both , and , indeed , have often donei-so / -with a vibw to ; exclusive dealing and ' patronage , / as also bribery and intimidation , not forgettiug deaths head : and cross lionet ! ( Daniel . O'Coiinell : to wit . } Now , all tnia agitating machinery is \^ uaIly ; aYaUabIe ' : ' ) r 0 r *' . U 8 . ' . aB for them , equally : available for Chartist purposes , as for theWhig and Tory purposes of bribery , intimidation , arid monopoly , IViththe aidqf ^ uch machinery , we : riiay \ holi public meetiugs whenever

      wlierever . iui as great numbers , and as often as we please . We can avail qurselvesof the iight of pefsoiial . canvass , to ascertain who are our friends , and who our oaemies ^ in brder that ' we may know with ' ie / wn we ought to frequent , and wfiom we . ought not ; from whom we ought to rent houses and apartments , and from ufhom we ought riot ; whose crops or harvests tte ought to reap and house with zealdhd diligence , and whose we ought not ; whose propertt / we ought at \ all times to mid ourselves inreddiness id protect from mishaps ' and accidents ^ and' whose we'oughtto leave to the exclxisive guardianshipof the new Mural Police , In a word , iellbw-cbuutrymen , you may , by a dexterous and steady application of this new machinery , riot only counteract the flagitious purposes tb which it is now worked by Whig ,: a-nd Tory , but derive a . '" thousand advantages from h on the side of liberty and liiiniaftuy , which it would be vaia to '¦¦' , expect from any other form of agitation hitherto . practised by

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      you . To say nothing of the facilities , it will attord you - . lor- carrying into stern exocuticm tlie several ulterior measures recommerided by the Convention , it offers the only safe means by which ' to verify your exact strength in each locality , both With electors and non-electors ; it will bnng you mtp contact with men and : parties to whoin you could not otherwise ^ have . access ; , it : will guarantee your persons against arbitrary arrests so long as a rag bt' the constitution subsists , it beiiig impossible for the law todistinguish ^ between one set of electoral clubs and candidates , and anbther set , without subyorting the representative system , altogether ; it will impress your tyranti ? with a salutary -: belief in the itaexhaustibleuesg of yoUr belligerentT resources , niiiu UUi

      <* jiu a- ruspouuiug Ufeau 01 prOyOKlllg tile angry development of those resourcesj fraught as it would be With a thousandstiiigmg annoyances that would make tlie tyrant ' a life ^ ai Veritable hell on : earjth ; but ; above vM , itivilieiial > k you , an the first fitting occasion- whether dt or before the next general elecliofiyto create a national representation by showof hands , which may prove a , superior substitute not only fOr the present Convention ^ but also for any other j and every other / deftctive repveseniatiafi . that maybe then found operating as an obstruction to the nation ' s onwardprogress tocivilizatioAawdhappiness , inrebellious contempt of the nation ' s will , : : We , have now , PeUow-countrymorij frankly laid befo re you the moti ^ wluch induce us to dwsblve , and presented : yjn # ith \* % kefch of the riew ' plan

      , ot operatiqas \ y | icll we wish you to set . On toot ; It qrily remaina'fci us to fe-assure you of bur infloxible dovotio 4- to the glorious cause ; and to bespeakVorice more , your earnest co-operation in the new and bolder caroer vye are about to enter upon ; If tho iiidustrioua classes will but resolutely carry but tho ulterior Jrieasures recommended by thTe Coriventibn , and form themselves into Election Clubs , for the purposes specified in this address , We may , : with safety , " predict that at , or before , tlie . next general election , we shall see m existence a natural assembly elected by show of hands , and representing nine tenths of the British community including at least 100 , 000 of the present electoral body . Could an asseiribly like that ieoutlawed

      with impunity by the bastard ^ rpgeny ¦; qf tho Reform Act ; by ike funguses of corruptioii born by that Act ? by thotoads of mqnftpply that hold sway under it ? Your own witnessed judgment wilL best answer the question . ¦ Courage then , men of Britain , and victory is still ours . Wc-shall bo shortly amongst you to contribute by our jxample towards the success of the electioneering canipai ^ iwehavo prescribed to you ; When that is accomplished we shall be again ready to resume our foririer posts ia any other more dangerous although less honourabto posts , towliich your suffrages may invite us . Without you we are ¦ nothing : with you we vyillnail bur colours , to the mast ¦ , arid swear never to desert tlie good old ship Britannia , whilst there is oue shot in the locker , or two planks of her together , : God save the people .

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      MR . CARPENTER AND THE CONVENTION . 154 , Strand , London ^ Sept letfo , 1839 ^ Sir , —I perceive , by the Northern Star , of Saturday last , that the individual who has managed to obtain insertion , for paragraphs slandering me as an ¦ ¦ . ' editorial delegate , " who had continued to '' pervert a portion of the National Funds to this own private purposes , by charging for the iiiseriion qf reports in his ewn paper , " has also / succeeded in foisting a similar tttiragtaph into theNorihcrifSidr , iri'whj . t , purports to be a report of the proceedings of the penvention ; and that he ^ ^ has the assurance to name you as ene of two persons whtt . are ' . '¦ cognizant ot-the disgraceful " act Whicn : he falsely and malignantly charges upon me ; -. VI publicly asked in the Converitiqn-robm , on Saturday , whether any such letter as that spoken of in the report in the of

      first page of the ^« r that day , had been addressed ¦ to : the ConTentiori , when thei chairman , TAi . Smart , replied no ; " adding , sttwt"a letter had been addressed to him hldividuftlly , but he deemed it unworthy of any notice . " I should yery bitterly complain ¦' . pf . ybui editor allowing the Jllbel to ; which \ refer to appear in the Star , : ti » dl no £ goad reason to belleye that it got in-Berted , as the editor of the Weekly Dispatch says the same sort ^ of thing fa iriaerted la his pajpw , ie . by being overlooked hi . the body of a report , wherein such a libel could never have been anticipated . But whether I reproach you or not , yon must see how such a-file slander is calculated to injure me ; and the more sb , as you are appealed toao a witness of ite . truth . I hare arighti then , to mil- Bpbnjrou to contradict it Yiu

      well know that it i « baee ite- ^ -that no such demarid upon the fund * of ttie Cbriyentiori was ever made by me . lbr by any body for me , or- by any body connected with the , Charter , ; or any oOier newspaper with which I am or eter was connected ! inf » ct ,: that the * fhole thing is the fiction of a lyuig and malignant brain ; I have commenced an action agaipst the Weekly Dispatch " so that they may har « * n opportunity of proTing the charge brought against me . if that be possible ; but as it must be some time bejfore thia trial can cleat me from the foul calumnjT , I beg ^^ that you will do ine prompt justice in the Northern iS / ar , by the publication of this letter , with a line of your own appended tb it * giying me the benefit of your teatimony against my filander » ua assailant .

      D « ar Sir , verytruly youre , ; . - ¦ .. . ¦ ¦ . ¦ . ¦;' : --r v rWlLLUM- < 3 iBPE } fTBB . ' : To F / O'Conttor , Esq ., Xeeda , tTSe Above letter wriired « t the <> fflee wW Mr O'Connor had left Leeds . We gtyo it as receiyed . We have since receivad a copy of tl ^ e letter alluded W which we forbear at prMent to publish . ] ^

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      TO THE RADICAL REFORMERS OP THE UNITED KINGDOM . "' : " Brother KipicAts-r-We the Committee of the Leeds Northern ; Union ; -take the liberty of calUrig your attention to a very important portion of our remaining rights—namely , the power of voting for membera of the Tarioua Town Councila , under the Mariicipal Abt The neglect of a great poriign of the working claw in this respect begins apw to be ' seriooily felt—aa iritriesa the unjust conduct of ^ the ^^^ mi ^ tiacy M their gereral Ibca-Jitlee towards iho * , who wero guilty of the high crime of " XjharUsm . ^ Wt feel the effects of that neglect arid BHpinenees in this Borough , and an Teaolted at the ensuing electrons to brijajr forward Ghartist Ctodidates

      arid whesce that is not practical , to I « t the two factions worry each other . W « h « £ e thai all towns where Mi nicipal Corporationa exist may l > e induced to do the same . Committees ought to be appointed in each ward aa soon its possible so aa to be prepared fpf tho ensuing elections . We : are determined no longer to bi a party in name but « ne in ^ ^ fact , and no matter , how iV succeeds , we are determined to remain the idle spectators of Whig treschcry and Tory Villany no Ibnger , hoping : that all towiuj where the power exieta will mako use of it to the overthrow of corruption , whether in a Local n General ¦ Election . ¦¦¦ ' ¦'¦ ¦ ¦ '"¦ \ - ¦ - " - - ¦¦ . ¦ :- "¦ ¦ ¦ ¦''¦' ' . . " ¦' . "• . " '

      W « remaUii yours , In the < iauao of freedom , The Committee of tho : Leeds Northern ^^ Union , ' . ' James Atkiuso * , Sed

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      TO THB EDITORS OF THH NOBTUKBN STAB . Gentlemen , — For the information of all -tvhom It may concern , your insertion of the following in the columns of ybur inraluable luminary will oblige .: Pro * e © d We then pur talie to unfold :- ^ - ¦ ¦¦ ' '¦' - ¦ ¦ . ¦ ;• . ¦ . ' .: ¦ : •¦'¦' . ¦' •;;¦ :: A : certain . medMesome : perBpna ^ e , yclept "Buoy 6 obbo * ---King : of the Blue Bbtties , (» f the Borough of Stockton , who perfectly : Understands the meaning of an " idibi" ( over the leftV , and who , skilled" in Latin verbiago . translateih V- B » , Victori * . REx ; has latterly blustered extensively , and magnified himself most Btunningly , as . •¦;» & immaculate : Pistolizcr and Chartist dovourer , and , after six months grubbing in a certain nameless place , has hooked on the apex of his proboscis

      a single number of that marrow-pieretajf electrifier-rthe " Peoples Friend > " and with a peculiiuf degree of pcToeplibility , ' such as . appertaineth to asaes , numstullB , and gabies hath , ( affcw : felling eacft worfl singly , and taking advice of the -most -elite and illustrious of the '' unboiled" ) , come to the scintillatingconclusioriiijiat sedition , with JUer front of brass and poisoribus breath , dbth rear her banriere and infusb her deadly barie ^ ayej doth stalk a demon o'er the plain of life , in the similitude of a letter addressed to theV Miners of Weardalej by a Fellow : Xabourer , and published ; in that Blme " People ' s Prieiid . f iindrttoeatenethtb exhibit thetiu > r jesty of his sawdust inteUect , by ^ ^^ said address to the inspection arid consideration of the ' Magistri" of the Sontherri . ibiviBibn .

      Wlmt . a-Buasyl Fut-bang-he ^ -yerily our obese corpits > yell-riigh explodeth With ; laughter in sooth , he hath : the peaotratipn . otabotlkvn iatnd the 1 shrewdness 01 an owl . ' . .. ¦ ' ¦ ; . - ' ' . . ¦ ; .. ,. ' . ' -: . ' ¦ " ¦ ¦ . . ' '' .,. :: ¦ ¦ , - . ' : ; : . ¦ - ¦ ¦ .-.. Sedition !! ! ^ -Qh , shade of Momns , " walk the waters , " and Melpomene , come . thou to . our : aid , or of a verity our risible muscles , will bo sb confoundedly twisted and puckered , that ¦ ' - . if will task the wisdom of 6 f- ' " -Wirierva" and the skill of an " Esculd pius " -to uritwine . and composG : the fibrbuy riiacliiijery . One-word to the Imasharetic Herb . Oh , Buzzy ! tliou hast of late been a very silly braggart , "Gobbo , " cowai-dly , doubtless , or why iboso salt and briny tears

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      thatdWibeaewthy xotund orisage / whenthotfdldst ett of Cha > ti » t pikes aijidt weapori 9 , i fliat bf war " stririk " horriblfc ; I , Jupiter ; have borne With thee long arid patiently ; brit the screw of Archimedes is lobae , and raillery doth : ooze" a triflfr--pro ^ ress : in foily , and raillery , WiU pnton thehahilimerits » f castigatibri . Thea bh Jbeware ! for if ¦; i ; > ^ - "' =.: " . ' : . ; . \ - " - : ~\ . '" ¦ " . : ¦; - . I should use toy tomahawk of satire , : ' : ¦ Thonltflftd that scalping is a serious matter . "' : : Be not such a weak , meddlesome , pneriie , Gobbb ; but assume the . dignity of a J ' cbck lobster , " and , as a samplo : of a man who knows his duty , arid performs it well arid prudently , scan the demeanour of the

      principal . olficer of the Stockton : Pivision of the Purham County InVlncibjes for v the . pibesepvation / ic / fee ; . && , and when thqu hast ^ well studied the ^ lodel , go arid do likewise ; In order tbprevent the application of 'Cayenne ' or a : qiur from one of ; my ; Nb , 1 * Thunderbolts , take this advice , arid be pruderit : by sit doing thou mayest escape" Chili ; " arid Lethe niay noiseless roll Jabovb the past . Jf thou kickest against the pricks , the war of the : « Titans" may be renewod , and the " Crater of Etna " niay strike a light . to weicoriie thee , oh delectabla " Buzzy . v to the feast of the giants ^ -beware of the consignment , : For the ' future , again 1 say , be prudent ; and thou wilt escape the scorching of the thnndere *—( who now cautidns thee in all good linmour ) : ¦"• ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ - * .: ; /¦¦¦¦ ¦ - " .: - ' ¦¦ y- - ' - : ¦ - ' ^ . - " ' -A " ' AJtrPlTEJEl . ' ;;' Stbekton , September 17 r 1839 .: ; " ¦ . "

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      IMPOR ^ A ^ T TO APpTHECARiES ! Rights of ' Druggists to J ^^ scribe arid to Charge for ¦ ¦' - . . ' . ' ¦ . ¦'¦ ¦"' , . . "¦ ' .. ;• '¦ . ' . attendance . ; ' - .: "¦ ' / : ,. .: '¦ ---- ¦ ArqTHECA « I ^ S :: COHP A ^ y ' V . ' GRJ 3 ESOCGH > -Thfe was a case tried at the late assizes ^ in Liverpool , ^ before a special jury . The Apothecaries' Company were the plaintiffs ; and Mr . Greeriough i of St Helen ' s ; chemist andvdruggist ; was the defendant , and , who , ' it was charged , bad . iUeg ^ ly practised as an apothecary , not being regularly educated and certificated under the 56 th Geo . 'III . / : -- - ; : / , - . ; :: ¦ • ¦ ¦'¦ ¦¦ .: ' - ¦ : . ¦ - ¦¦ :: :-: -. - r ¦ ' . ' : ¦"¦ : / , ¦> ' . ' - - ~ : it-wasproyedtnathehadnbtpasae ^ ariy ^ examination , nor repeiyedapy certificate ; that bjfwaiS a chemist arid druggist ; and-tnat he prescribied over the cb «» nter ; and t&t 4 v « also ; y&te ^" patieT » tsr attendance . No imputation was . t ^ upon his skilfe i * was admitted ^ " ladeei ^ that ho had practised With success . ' .:. .- '¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' ¦ :. ¦ •>¦ : ¦ " - •;¦¦ : . ¦ : ; ¦ ¦ "• - ¦ ¦ ; . ;¦ . ¦ ¦ •• ¦ » ¦ :

      Mr , Baron Maule summed < up ^ -4 fter having alluded to that section of the Act Which imposes a penalty on any person Who practises as an apothecary without hayi ing obtained a certificate ^ : he said that it was riot pretended thiat the defendarit Bad obtauxed one . — TKen the question arose whether he came- Withitt the meaning ( of the i 2 « £ h , section : of the Act , ; which provided nothing therein contam ^ should , be coristriied to affect the trado or busiriess of a cheriiist or druggist iii buying , preparingV compounding , dispensing , and Vending medicine and compounds of drugs , either Wholesale or rebul ; but that heshall and may us * and exercise , and follow his trade and business in such manner , and as fully , and as ariiply , arid p all intents andpurposes , as the same trade ' arid brisiriesa ^ was car ried on beforti thejpassing ; ' of- ' . that- Act : Now , how had the / trade been carried on previous to the passing of th ( i Act ? This ; was a question of fact on which the aury

      weremore qualifiedta decide : tfianhe ^ was , ; seeing thai they were twelve , arid he was . only one .. Besides , being > matter ; -p . f fact . it was for the consideration of the jury alone . His own belief was ; that before the passing of the Act ; the chenyst and druggist had not , tbanygrea * extent ,: acted as apothecaries ; that is to say , in pr »^ scribing to patients . The jiiry Would draw a distiriction between the mere fact of prescribing , and the right to prescribe , becauso the chemists and driiggists have beca-TMonaUy usurped a privilege Vwhich , by right , did not > el 6 ng tb theni . The defendant ' s counsel had arguedj that ^^ chemists and druggists were not only in the habU of preecribirig , but seemed to bo of opinion , thai by the-words of the Act there was power-preserved them of so _< lpirig . The , ; w 6 rd % were : "buying , preparing , ¦ compounding , dispensing , vaiid . ending medicines arid drugs ; " but the Act gave no deflation of tho word dispensing , : leaving to be ? construed ; by the practice of previous times . ' . S - :: ¦ ¦ ^¦¦ - '¦ ¦ ' .- ' : : : : ¦ : ¦ .- : ;• ¦ " :.: '

      Mr : ; CresaweUi--I apprehend , my ¦ Lord , that there is nothing in the word which means prescribirig : Dispensing in the profession , means riiafcing up the orders or prescriptious of another . f'A : dispensing crieniist , *' for instance ,, as u often : seen up at the dbora of ti »^ chemist ' s : shopi > ' .- ; . - ;' . ' . ' - ' ;¦ : . ¦ ¦ - , :- . : - '¦'' - ' : -v ' \ . '; ¦ *?§ His Lordsbip apprehiBriaBdthai dispensing meant t » filrriish ' - ^ tb give .:, ; , . - 'V ' :-: ' . - ' ¦ : ' V * '/ ' " " ¦ ' "V ' ¦' i .- '' - - 'l-- - ' ' ¦' - ' . " \ i : A Juryman . ^ W ' ouId your &rdsbip bei ^ deiough ^^^^^^ ' to describe explicitly the differencei between tbe tradft of / a chemist arid druggist and that Of an apothecary ? . The Judge , —Theiei is ^ r ib defiriitibn of it in the act The ^ pothecary ia ^^ entitled to : ^ ^ preicribe—that is certain . To what extent the Tsbwers of the druggist go , depends upon the meaning Of toe words I have quoted to yoidi and the ) practice in trade before 1815 ; : That is a question of fact which you must determine among yourselvee not from ttw wont of the tiadk : ¦ •; / V .-., ¦¦ ' ¦

      • The Jury retired to corisldeT 1 te « yTerdict , tafcirig with , them a copy ¦ . . ¦ at ; Tithe . Actpf . Parliament . ;; Tn thre « quarters Of an hour they retarned , when the foreman read a pap > r , stating that in cbnflequenco of ttftAbsenoa of any evidence to Bhdw : the practice of the trade , thej had found for the defendant' : V . ' ;« : The Judge .-irou had ^ I « tter 7 not glre ^ that itt Make your verdict definitiTei either for the' oria ot the ottier . ' ¦ ¦' ' ¦¦ •' v- ¦ ' : ' ^ -. ¦ ::, ¦ ' ¦ . - ' ¦ ' '¦ ¦ . ' - . ; . " ^ vs .:: v > : ,. , ¦¦ . :: ¦' The Foreman .-r-Tlieri we find for thei defendant :

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      TO THE QUEEN'S ^^ ¥ O 9 T EXGBLLENT J ^ JESTT , We your Maje ^ s OTer-taxed , * nd oTer-wTongh Bubjecta , in public meeting ameinbled , * pprb&ch yow Throno-with such feeliajs of reapect , M we ought to entertaba . foi the office Of an earthly SoTerelgn . Th « language of aelf-debasememt and of slavish , adulation which corirtly sycophantii la , re inrerited for Boyjd eara , we win not be inrtrumerital in perpetuating , belieying such language to be alike , beneath the true dignity of a British Queen % p hen ; and a British ; people ^ to ntte * We would therefore , In pl « ln and homely terms diiec your Majeetys attention to the care of those unfortunate indiTidualB , mostly of tlie working class / who have been recoatly canYictedi » i differenk Engltth . ; and WelBh AssiaeB , of offences—or what the law * or rathgr

      lawyer * ar « please * in , the meantime to hold as such . — unavoidably aHsing out of the present wide-spwad agitation , for the restituttori of ^ those ririjusUy wittiheld . but inherent and constitutional rights , set forth in tb « National PetiUon , lately pr ^ jented to the Commons House of Parliament , and by them ' rejected . Thoss men have : beea » ent 6 nc « d to Taxioua periods of eoor flneraent , debarred the debtors' side of the priaona . and forced to awodata witk m * left » ctors of every gnwtej this to persons who » moral character are in almost ^ every instance irrepro » ohable , most add bitter poignancy to their sufferings , and appears to u « to be nothing short / of a wanton and gratuitous exercise of cruelty arid oppreeeion . ConnacUd with th « sentences passe on these persona , thsre is one ch ^ cumstance , which vw

      beg your Af ajesty particularly to not *; it is that tho jurymen who aat on t&ehr trials , were composed exclo siTely of the upper and middle nnka of society ; Iii poV pobl « Violation of the Bill of Bighta , thatBactedobns pact between thembject and sovereign of these reelms , wildiBayi ;; " tbat / eTeiqr Eiigliatariari la to be tried by his Peers . " We , therefore , havtoj calmly and attentively conflidered tho whole proc * c < Bng » attending the trials ia qnestion , —the eorid fct of iara ijijestyii Attorney General , the ^ ^ commdri" bias of the classes of which tb » juries -were compoeed , together i . witk tHe frivolous and contradictory nai « r « of tfie evidence adduced by tba witnesses for the prwecution , feel compelled by a senaa of nature , justice , arid humanity , to entreat yoor Majesty : to graita tre * pardon to all who have been so

      tried andcondemned , or If tllifldooi / net comport With your Royal clemency , at least , let your benefioenoo extend to the shortening the dnratibn of their confin * merit ; : a&d :: mitigation . » f the horrors presently attending it . Wb , Boweter , leel satisfied ^^ that the case of Williarii Lovett , late Secretary to the Convention of the Industrious Claesea , arid now irioetated iu Wanrtok &o \ f ia one of TOch peculiar ond . preasing fiaidshijj , as ^ ¦ to call % « ie pity arid comnugeration of every h « mane and feeUng mind . We Would beseech y * w M ^^ . tteri , in who » breast every noble and generbuB ^ imprilae should find a- fitting home and reiting place , to . order the immediate and unconditional enlargement of tbii gtiatifti Dift' v . We are . the iaore .-. emkpWen ^ d to carry out wishes direct to the foot bf-ybn » thrbiebecause -m

      , know that throrie ought , ^ arid we trust ever will , U waed alone on ; Qxf affectiqria of your people , and more especially ; ori-thejiffeiJtioria of that most nmri ^ rous ,. ^ hbugh Bithratto irisulted . and : despised portion Of your subjects , by ^ hose : nnparaUeled skill and matchless ^ indust * y , ; by ; Whoa the wjE ^ tii of the empiie , over \ t-Wch' dertinyjnaB ^ v ^ duced . ; They it' is who man your . unconquerable navies , and fill yottr ^ arMea ^ they by whdse iridisperisable aid ¦ the \ power and dignity of your throne is riiairitained and upheld—by whom you are tiie greatest of Suroj » ean Potentates , arid without whom your sceptre is a rotten and "woithless xeeii ,: your , crowni ari idle mockerylSni : delusion . ; Turn , then , a fe . yourable ear to ttiis . Jour humble ^ address , arid , ^ aB duty bound , we shall ever pray , ike . v

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      WsiTBY .- ^ -Thfr workirig men of Whitby are : yei * backward in their own interests , and forward in th « intevestsof tlioirfoes . s Thelassoeiationhere is likely to he : snispended for . waiit of . support . : Whitby" is 4 markeditown . -The ^ ^ ineii northward of the Tees say , thatihoBesouthward are " cowtails . '' :: ¦' ¦ .

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      thein to see their relatives arid friends at all seasonabJe hours ; that they shall not be shut up in their cells until nine m the winter , and ten In the summer months ( that they : have fire arid candles in tha evening ; that they have the unrestricted use of > en , ink , paper , books , arid newspapers ; that they be permitted to receive or purchase whatever articles of lood they think proper . This is absolutely neces-??/ y > j ?^ rt he the intention to deprive them of life ; for , should they be kept on prison allowance ^ some of them Will not survive the term of their imprisonment . . I respectfully submit to your Lordsnip , that the law requires no more than the safe custody of their persons , and this was distinctly stated , at Monmouth by Baron Alderson . It is cruel , my Lord , in the extremej to subject these prisoners to privations which will either deprive them pf existence , or destroy their constitutions .

      , '_ - ¦ ' "Iremain , , : - "Your Lordship ' s obedient servant , „_ , _ ¦ _ ¦ ' " John FabsT . " . ** To the . Marquis of Normanby . "

      " Whitehall , Sept . 6 , 1 B 39 . * ^ 5 ~~^ ^^ recte d by the Marquis of Norriianby to onform you , iu reply to your letter of yesterday ' s date , that several communications have passed u 5 ? 3 r to ? 8 department in reibrence to the pfisoners wUjbdto in your applicatioir ; and that tnoy have ^ & « towed such iriaulgeuces as ^ re cpnsjstfejit with the 55 ds ofjusticd , and the regulations of the protons in / which they are confined . —larri , sir . your obedient Servant , ¦ ' " . •• ¦ : ' « . « F . MAUI . E . " "Mr . John Frost / No . 10 , Northumberiarid-court . "

      " 10 , Northumberland-court , S& ^ i . ; - " 10 , ; 1839 . ;/ .-:. ' ¦ - " . -Mt Lord , —I have much reason " -to complain of the treatment which I have received at the hands of your lordship . At a public mcetinj ; held in Breconshire , on the 12 th of August , a resolution was passed ; that resolution was transmitted to your lordsiiip for presentation to the Queen . Your lordship says , ' . that it is not nsual to laya resolution of a meeting before the Uuven ; and if an address , adbptiny - the language of the resolution , had been transmitted for presentation , your lordship would have declined laying it before her Majesty . ' Why , my lord ? Is there any thing disrespectful or indecoroua in the language Of the resolution ? It begins by layinir down a pnnciple , ' that when oppression exists , it is the duty oi every honest man to endeavour to remove the

      evils , and , if possible , by ^ peaceable means ? " Is this , my lord , erroneous ? The resolution says , * the working classes arc unjustly treated . ' Is not this true , my lord ] It says that the prisoners in Monmouth gaol did no more than their duty , in exposing , to their industrious countrymen , the abuses of the present system . Under the influence of this belief , the seeretary ol btate is requested to apply to her Majesty to discharge the prisoners . Jiist , my lord , as ls ^ this request , and moderate as the language is in which . it is conveyed , yet your lordship declared that had ^ the form been correct it ( should not have been laid before her Majesty . ' Is this a legitimate exercise of authority I Shall no petition , or address , from the people to the Queen be laid before her Majesty , if the language be displeasing to the Secretary of State ! — J

      X our Lordship is requested to see a deputation desirous of laying before the Secretary of State an account of the treatment experienced by theprisonors in different gaols . Whatis . your Lordship ' s answer 1 I hat the communication must be in writing , and that your Lordship will carefully consider ^ it . ' A statement of the grievance is sent your Lordship and your Lordshi is solicitod to remove the sufiermgs so cruelly inflicted on the prisoners . Your answer , my Lord , is unworthy of . / . " . . Your Lordship says , ' that communications have passed through this department in reference to theprisonors , nd that they have been allowed such indulgences as are consistent with the ends « f justice and the regulations of the prison ! ' ' ¦ ¦¦ -. ;

      whardoes your Lordship mean by tho ends of justice I Doesj ? our Lordship say that these prisoners leservo punishment I What ia the ofiftricoV AddressiBg public meetings ; pointing out to their oppressed and impoverished countrymen the cause of the evils under which they' suffer ; showing theia that in this courtry men became possessed of iegisative power , by bribery , perjnry , and drnrikenriess ! Is this true , my Lord ! Does this system , ' the envy and admiration of the world , ' admit men to acquire authority by such means 1 If 1 Mb be true , should ihofse who describe be punished , while those who practise be held in honour ! 1 kuow , my Lord , that some of these things are true . I was Mayor of Newport , Monmouthshire , durinir the last election .

      and I have reaspri to behero that £ 10 , 001 ) were spent m bribery at that election . Tho actors Were apove disguise ; no shuffling—even the Whigs , for onco , acted openly . What ' s your price ! What will you give ! These were the questions , and the answers were _ fifty , eighty , a hundred , a hundred and fifty , pounds . These were the prices for votes , and the Whigs got the Election , because they bribed the highest . The prisoners confined in Monmouth gaol pointed out to the industrious classes the certain effect to the community from practices of this description , and for this / my Lord , they are novr punished ; yes , my-Lord , and punished , too , through the medium of Bome who were the principal actors in the Newport election . Yet Vbur LordshiD savs

      that such punwhment ia consistent with the ends of justice . .. .. ¦ ' , "It is riotorious to the whole country that the jury who tried the prisoners were highly prejudiced against the Chartists . I laid before your Lordship Jhe deposition of one witness as to the declaration made txj one of the jury . Is it conBietent with your Lordship ' s notions of justice to keep men in prison who have been found guilty by 8 uch meant ! "To make men better members of society—46 reclaim the drunkard—to bring comfort to that home where formerly it was unknown , are nowdeemed offences , arid by a Ministry , too , Who vote large sums of the public money for religious education , and for building churches . Curious that Lord

      John ttusaell should bo so anxiouB to 4 jive the rising generation a religious education , while he expends large Bum » raised iri taxes to punish those who have made bad members of society good men . : . ..: . ' ¦ - " What does your Lordship mean by ' indulgences consistent with the regulationi of the prison V The regulations of tho prigons aro— ' That the prisoriera shall be deprived of pen , ink , paper , books , . riewspapers ; that they ahall not see their relations arid friends ; that they shall be shut up in their cellB at eight in the summer , and four in the winter ; that their food shall bo bread s akilly , and potatoes ;' 1 our Lordship ia asked to remove those regulations , and to substitute better . Probably your Lordship , or Mr . Fox Maule , will be good enough to explain whatiridulgence can be allowed consistent with the

      observance of these regulations ! " ^" . directed by one of the largest meetings ever held in Wales , to lay before the Secretary of State the resolution passed at that meeting , and I was directed to transmit the answer to the different AMociations in the counties of Glamorgan , Morimouth , and Brecon . Wai your Lordshiplre pleased to give me an explicit answer whether ybnr Lordship will solicit herMajesty to discharge Messrsi , \^ nteat , & . S ., from Monmouth Gaol , or , in the event of their being retained in prison , whether they are to be kept on gaol allowance ! I remain , Sir , Your Lordship ' s obedient servant , urr , \ , , " JOHNFaOST . " " To the Marqnia of Normanby . "

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      is propeily -worded , his Lordship will present it to her Majesty . ' lam , Sir , your obedient servant , "S . M . Phillips . " "Mr . John Frost , No . 10 , Northumberland-court , ¦ v . Strand . " ^

      " No . 10 , Northumberland-court , Strand , Sep . 2 , 1839 . " Mr Lord , —At one of the largest meetings ever assembled in Wales , held on the 12 th of August , a resolution was entered into respecting ' Messrs . Vincent , Dickenson , Edwards , and , Towasend , aow cor i-

      nn . eam Moumouui gaol , for attending an illegal meeting . I was directed by the meeting to lay the resolution "before Lord , John Russell , the Home Secretary . I applied to his Lordship , and was directed to transmit the resohition or address to the Home-office , and if properly worded , it should be presented to her Majesty . As your Lordship now fiZls the office of Secretary of State for the Home Iteparfemeut , permit me to lay the resolution before jonr Lordship , and to make a few- observations in support of it . i * nnashment Lord will

      , my , never produce any good effect on the community , unless the members of it are convinced that a wroughas been done , that sainrory ias been sustained . What was the offence for "wjuch these prisoners . ate now snffering punishmalsb ^ eTETo ^ -attending what a highly prejudiced Jury "W&a pleased to eonsWcr an iflegaf meeting . That meeting was peaceable , orderly ; the language , though warm , was moderate . My Lord , can it be an offence for Englishmen to assemble together to complain of injuries , arid to point out a peaceable , a constitutional remedy ? The speakers witness , in their different localities , poSeny in every possible shape and degree ; they trace this evil-to a cause , they point -out a remedy . Let me respectfully ask your Lordship , should thev be punished for this ? " Herei were men placed before a jury influenced

      by stronger feelings against the accused party . Permit me to lay before vour Lordship the deposition of one witness as to this fact . I could furnish your Lordship with many such . ' I , A . B ., reside at — I know CD . I saw him in the latter end of July . He spoke to me about the Chartists . He said , ' What willyou now do about Vincent ; wo have bin safe enough , " and -we will keep him . I would give ninepence to buy a halter to hang him ; I wonld hang him without judge or jury . ' This deponent saith , 'I was at Monmouth Assizes . On the 2 nd of August , I saw C . D . sitting in the jury-box , impanelled , and sworn to try the said Henry Vincent ; 1 was in court "when the jury brought in a verdict of guilty . I could furnish your lordship with some curjons facts a * to other matters connected with the . ee trials .

      _ ' * Wetook to Monmouth six married women as witnesses in favour of the prisoners ; the counsel thought it prudent to call no witnesses . Had they been called they wonld have proved the good effect produced on their husbands by the address of Mr . Vincent . I will lay before your Lordship the evidence of one of them . ' Jly husband , P . Q _ , is a tradesmen at Newport ; I have a very large family , iiy husband attended the meetings at which Mr . Vincent spoke ; previously , he was much addicted to drinking ; he is now a sober man . I attribute the change to the speeches of Mr . Vincent . I nowreceire the whole of what my husband gets , which enables me to supply my chifdren with the comforts of life in a much greater degree than fonnerlv . '

      conld , my Lord , get scores , if not hundreds , of married vrome-n in our populous districts to hear testimony of a similar kind ; that in consequence of the addresses of Mr . Vincent their husbands are better irien—better fathers . Permit me respectfully to ask your Lordsbip , should such a man , who has produced rflfects of this description , be treated as a felon ! Should lie , my Lord , be thus treated m Christian country—in a country in which Christianity js part and parcel of the Jair of the land ? Should a man , for act 3 of this description , be fed on bread and potatoes ! I trust that your Lordship will accede to the request of the working men of the Welch hills ; that your Lordship willT > e pleased to apply to her Majesty to discharge Messrs . Vincent , Dickenson , Edwards , and Townsend from Monmouth

      I remain , ' " Yonx Lordship ' s obedient servant , "JOH 5 FROST . "

      " Resolution * entered into at the meeting at Duke ' s Town , Y 2 Oi of August , 1839 . — " That it i 3 the opinion of this meetingthat when oppression exists- ^ that when one class of society is nnjustly treated by another , it is the duty of every honest member of the commtinity to" endeavour to remove the evile , and , if possible , by peaceable means . This meeting is of the opinion that the working , classes are nnjustly treated by being burdened by taxes , imposed by those not electedliy the great bulk of the workirig men , and over whom they lave no control . ThiB meeting is of the opinion that Messrs . Vincent , Edwards , Kckenson , and Townsend , in exposing at public meetings the abuses of

      the present system , did no more than their duty to their industrious countrymen . It has heard with great indignation that for this performarice of their daty they were prosecuted by the Ministry , and the expense of the prosecution paid out of the taxe 8 . It has heard with astonishment the conviction and the sentence , and the cruel treatment to which these patriots are Bubiected . " Resolved—That Mr . John Frost be directed to wait on Lord . John Russell , and to express to him the opinion of the working men « f the Hills on this matter , and to request that Mb lordship will immediately apply to her Majesty to discharge Messrs . Vinoent , Edward , Dickenson , and Townsend , from Monmouth Gaol . "Kesohred—That Mr . Frost b « directed to inform the different association * of Glamorganshire , Monmouthshire , and Breconshire , the result of this ap ^ plication .

      "Whitehall , Sep . 3 , 183 J > . K , —I am directed by the Marquis of Normanby to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 2 nd instant , forwarding a copy of a resolution agreed to at a meeting at Duke ' s Town , Brecorishire , on the 12 th Hit . ; and I am to inform yon that a resolution of a meeting cannot properly he laid before the Qneen . And if an address , to the Queen , adopting the language of the resolution , had been transmittec for presentation , the Marquis of Normanb y must have declined laying it before her Majesty . I am , Sir , your obedient servant , m ¦ _ S . M . PMiLLlPS . * "J . Prost . Esq ., No . JO , Northumberland-corirt , Strandl "

      "Mt Lobd , —The treatment experienced in the different gaols , by persona confined for political . offenses , is such , that they will not he able to Burrive the term of their imprisonment . In 1823 I was confined in tho House of Correction at Coldbath Fields , for libel , arid then I saw the effects of scanty diet ; the allowance was bread and gruel . The deaths -were bo numerous that the magistrates were obliged to add soup and meat to the allowance . Tho far greater part , if not the whole , of the prisoners are allowed grael , bread , and potatoes , and in some

      in" No . 10 , Northumberland-court , Strand , . . Sept . 2 , 1839 .

      stances no potatoes . : This , my Lord , is slow starvation . Surely , my Lord , the offerice of attending publi * meetings is riot of so heinous a nature , that death should follow , and that of the most horrid kind . Will your Lordship be good enough to see a deputation from the country on the subject of the treatment of the prisoners in different gaols for political offflncei . . " I remain , " Your Lordship ' s obedient servant , " Johh Fjiost . " " To th » Marquis of Normanby . "

      " Whitehall , Sept . S , 1839 . "Sib ,- ^ -I am directed hy the Marquis of Normanby t-o acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 2 d inst ., and to request that tho statement or informatioB ,-which a deputation is desironsof comniunicating , as . lo the treatment of prisoners coufiiled hi gaols for political offences , may be in writing , and transmitted to the Marquis of Normanby , py whom it will be carefully conridered .

      " I am , Sir , your obedient servant , "S . M . Phillips . " K J . FroEt , Esq :, No . l 0 , * Northumberland-court , Strand . "

      " No . 10 , Northumberland-court , Sept . 5 , KlsiJ . "Mr Loiu > , —^ Theprisoners confiued in gaols for political offences are , in general , prevented from seeing their relations and friends . In some cases this permission is granted , yet it is under such restrictions that they amoauf i ; earjy to a jirolubi tion . They are-prohibited the free \ ue of pen , iv . k , paper , fcopiL-, and newspaper ? . Tlie for--J allowed is scarcity sufficient to siistaiu . Hie , hA , ig abont a por . ud and a half of Lxead daiij , - v ivl .-aisd , in some prison ^ , potatoes , -i rtspectfuiiy . I :: Li-hall' of these prisoner * , solicb that your Ljrdiliip will pirmii

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      Mt Xobd , —Times and drctnnst&noes are friHdux » ed -with prognostications of high sod important coming events ; of ^ yents which the -srorM . has not yet oven ioiagiaed to be withia the scope of possibilities . The Tonmament at Egjinton CSasfle is oae of these orenmstances : it will . lead to omseqnenees ^ of which your Lordsbip had not the slightest ; corieepfion when the lesolntioa - » ra 3 f oimed in jwosHiind Jta call the attention of the gay , > ad of the ambitions of Physical Force , to . ^ roitr . hospitable arrangemeiita f < a their erati £ cation . V . - -.= "" - ' - ¦ . ¦

      Pbyacal Force has heretofore reigned triumphant tram the creation of man : it has now performed its 4 sstiny ; it 3 aas produced good and evil upon aa immense scale ; and the time has arrrred , in the natural course of erents , Trhen it must resign it ? power to the accnmnlated experience of ages ; and , f < jr * tb . e hantnness f each individual of the human » ee , petmrt . Tviaiout fcrther contest , mwd to goVern matter , that knoiance poTHiy , and misery , may : give place toinowledge , vrezith , and the unobstructed , healthy enjoyment of all the faculties Tjfcirii hare been given to man .

      To euect this grea * change in the shortest possible Ome , in order that your Lordship , friends and attendants upon your Tonmament , and the present generation may , xtf least partake of some of the endless enjoyment which the change will produce in the future condition of the bnsnan lace , I request your Lordship , as youTalne the weJl-beiag and happiness . of your sneeess aors , and " of the race of mar \ to cause the following < iall « ige to tlffi a-vflised -world , te he ^ anaounced by sound of trumpet , in the niiastI public manner , on : each rf the great days of yoar festival , that tiie strangers ¦ who attend-from all nations may convey it to their

      respective courts and countrymen , that if there , be saperior experience in the old "world to prove that the reign of physical force should be , for the benefit of mankind , longer supported by the wise and powerful of the earth , that that knowledge should appear , and the -world be thereby saUsfisdto ^ be gevemed by the mixed good and evfl of physical force ^ . in preference to the M ^ h arid illimifablegood , without exili--which t 3 xe goTeramentof mind » Ter matter will ensu ^ to era 7 man , \ roriian , and rhtM , of the human race . ' * By tha aeceptsaee of this' trust , and ywp- faitlift ^ « fiJ ««> i : ^ jt , your iordship ^ rili perft **^ jna ^ f » e l > est serrioes that man ^ can perform fertnan .

      Robert _ £ > wex , tbe friend of all classes , sects , parties , and colours , ia all countries . 2-ondoa , 24 th August , 1 S 39 .

      JBooert Owen ' s dtaUe * g » la &e m « t learned # * d experienced in ail count rift . Bofoert Owen trndertakes to prove , at any time -within « re ^ earat the Ccrart of her Majesty Victoria , Queen <* the British eiapire , in opposition to aH ~ Uie learning and experience of the old -srorld—the particular period for proof to he dedded by her Majesty , -with the advice of lier Privy Council- — - - 1 st , That the afiairs « f the -world hav » heen from the beginning based on falsejrinriplesi and in consequence that man ias been trained , and the world governed in error , fetal to the TneU-barig aria happiness of all ranks hi all nations . -

      Si , That the trae principle * on -which the aflaira of manldnd ought to be go-reined are tUscoTered , and that 4 heir application to pracjfice -will speedily remove , to a very great extent , the causes of e-fil throughout society . 3 d , That the present state « f parties in Church and State in Great Britain ; and the general excitement now ^^ "g otet the Trortd on the subject x > f religion , la-w , politics , morality and commerce indicate that the fima lias arriTed -when it has become the interest-of all -nations that their GoTemmenta should unite , and in flie most public -manner annottsce sad ressoBncethe erroieons principles on -which , from the commencement of history , society has been founded . 4 th , That the . scientific discoveries Trhich hare been made in the British dominions -within the last centary , taTe l > een applied to practice onder the direction of those erroneous principles ; and in consequence they hare been made to produce misery instead of ha > - T « T > ftKa , ~ -f .

      5 th , That these discoTeries , applied tmfler the direction of tlie . trae principles on -which sodery onght to be "based , are capable of prodnring and securhiit prosperity "Without contest or retxe ^ reseioa , to all the natioiis of the . earth . ' eth , That these discoTerie * lare physical and mental , and when applied , ai they noir easily might be , all cause of -war between nations , and wmtests and competition between indiTiduals , -will cease , and a new mode of existence -win aris *— -one in -which all , from the greatest to the least , -will , derive adrantages , jAysical , inteBectnal , moral , and practical , superior , to any erer enjoyed by the most faToared indiTidoalB "who ihave yet Bred . - _ -

      7 th , That the mental dlacoreries -win enable the nations of the earth to create new arrangements -within their dominions , -which shall ensure the formation of s aperiOT chaiaeier lor-GKh indixiiBsl of their respeetiTC populations . " .. "' " - .. sth That ' the phrrical aiacoreriea -trill enable each

      nation to aee&a ne-w- aBamfemoits , by -wbich , at all times , they-will produce in a Tery superior mannCT , a surplus of all the kinds of -wealth that can be desired by : its inhabitants , -when tbey shall be trained and placed "within these superior new anangemests . And , in consequence , that contoeta for -wealth -will nriiTersilly oease . ^ . - 9 th . —That to insure this superior physical , intellectoal , moral , arid practical character for each indmdnal of every sation , and to -ssrronnd eacb tritn the means of obtaining , at » I 1 times , more -wealth than &bj -wboae Aaracters shall have been so formed -will desire , less capital , labour , trouble , and anxiety -will be required than are now necessary to form the existing inferior characters , and to maintain society in the chaotic state -of disorder and . confusion in which it sow exists throughout eTery district of the world , savage and chilised .

      10 th . —That tbfi new sdenfinc powers of production of wealth , discovered and brought into action in Great Britain and Ireland , within the last century , &r exceed the -wiiole manoal and aoeati&c powers of the protliiotioii of wealth , preriooaly existing in all the nations of the earth . That this scientific power is but in its infancy , and now might easily be increased in a continually increasing' ratio to an illimitable amount , and that it may be extended -with the same powen of increase to all nations . And that , in this manner , "wealth may be atways made 00 to soperabound . tbat all contest for individnal poaseBshm of it shall oease . ; - . 11 th , That the «» rth is now , with slight exceptions , a waste , swamp , or forest , f # r want of population to drain and well cultirate it , and that the great want ol society to improTB the world , as it is for the interest of all that it should be implored , is now , and will be foi many ages to come , » wmat of a well-trained and intelligent popnlatioB-

      ----.-12 Q 1 , andlasttj , Thai all the materials to « ffeet thU great and glorioos chaage in th « principles , practices , and condition of the human race , are now abounding in fast superfluity in all countries . It may be remarked , in conclusion , that it is the highest interest of each fuest at the Tournament , to promote the Mr and fall examination of those subjects , sot only in the British empire , but orer the . world . consequence , the Queen of Beauty sad the Hero of the Tournament , are requested to recommend to aUToreign Knights and their Esquires , to urge the learned and experienced intkeirraBpeetire riadons to accept this challenge , which is gxren solely to promote the happiness of t-hp hnman race . " B 0 KES 7 OWSX . I ^ adon , 24 th August , 1839 . "

      Untitled Article

      TO THE KDITOBS OP THB NORIHEBN STAB . My Bear Sirs , —The enclosed is a correct copy of the address submitted by me to the Convention on the 13 th iustaut . It -was roiected by a majority oF one ; those who supported it , urged only Yerbal objections . The majority disapproved of it altogether , as' too tame and desponding . " Another address , draira up by Dr . Taylor , was also rejected on the 13 th ; as also a third address , prepared by Sir . Bussey . On the morning of the 14 th , ( the day fixed for dissolving ) certain portions of the three

      addresses were adopted by the few members then present , and Messrs . Carpenter and Taylor were empowered to consolidate and amend , the Bame , These gentlemen , however , it appears , cannot agree so that , afwr all , we shall have no Conventional address at all ! Under these circumstances , it only remains for each delegate to addresa the country in his ovm way , and , if there be " wisdom in a ; multitndo of councillors , " the country . Will , no doubt , be able to eviscerate soinething good put of the whole . To thi 3 end , l beg the insertion of the enclosed in your next number . . .. Yours very sincerely , James Bro . vtebbe O'Brien .

      CORRECT COPY OF THE ADDRESS PROPOSED BY MR . O'BRIEN FOR ADOPTIOK BY THE CONVENTION . Fellow-Countrvmen , —Having decided upon the expediency of dissolving the Convention , we tlecm U our duty , before Mp : \ raiing , to state iVanklv the reasons whicVhave i ; : d ' . ! tfd our dviierniihatiori " : t ' . ud also to sViggr ?! - the co ! : r . ? e of aciiou . which we uuOin it adviii . ^ le tor the people to adopt , in the present critical posture of allkirs .

      Untitled Article

      TO THE WORKING 1 IEN OF THE CdUHTIES OF GLAMORGAN , MONMOUTH , AND BRECON . London , Sept . 12 , 1839 . Foxow-CocyiBTjfsif ,- —Intrusted by yon with a commission of an important nature , I hare executed the trust to the beet of my ability , and I now lay As result before you . Ihave . pribhsned th « correspondence tetweeu the Secretarios of State and myself . Yon will see that the Marquis of Nonnanby refused to apply to . her Majesty to discharge Messrs . Ed-¦ vrards , Dickenson , » nd Townsend , from gaol . Yon will see that no attention has been paid to the application to -soften the merciless regulations by which your friends are so eruelly treated . These men are now Fnfferingon your account . Their object was to improve your condition * to preserre . for your own use the froite of yonr labour . For this—for telling the truth—they are " fed with the bread of affliction . " It will be for yon to consider what other meariB yon will take , either to obtain their discharge , or to ft some alteration made in these inhuman regntions , . . . FaithfnllyybnT obedient ier rant , . - Johs Tjtost .

      "Ko . 10 , Northumberland-court , Strand , Aug . 26 , 1839 . 7-" Mt Lobd , — On the 12 th of Angnst , and at ifae of the largest meetings ever held in Wales , a resolution was passed respecting Messrs . Vincent , Dickenson Edwards , and Townsend , now ^ p risoners in Monmonib gaol , for attending an illegal meeting . I was directed by the meeting to request an interview -rrith jour Lordship , for the purpose ofHyingthe same before the Secretary of State . Will yonr Lord-£ hip be pleased to inform me whether I shall be seen on ibis bnsiness ; if so , yonr Lordship will bs jood enongh to name time and place . " - I Temain , jon Lorddiip ' s obedient servant , Joax Fbosi . " To Lord John RrisselL "

      " Whitehall , An * . -2 . " ., 182 D . " Sm , —I am directed by Lcrd John itas ? ell to aeknowledge the rrctipt of your letter » 'i the " ^ tb in ?! ani , and > to inform yon Ulat his Lor < U 1 ilp is not able-to fix anv tisie for seeing vos ; but if you inli ^ onrard the petitio to Lord JohnUcf-cli , and it

      Untitled Article

      ¦ . - ¦ - - . ¦¦; " : ' ; : : ; : ; , AaBB » EEN r ; ^ : ' :-.-V ' v \ ¦ ¦ . - , . TO THE BDITORS OP ^^ THBT , HORTHBBIT . STAB . : GBNttKMBjr ,-i-The follo # ing address to her Majesty was unanimoualy agreed to , at a public meeting , heM on the : Broad ; Hill , onS » turdi » y last . By giTingtt a place in your journal ^ you ; wiU greatly ohUge your numerous admirers In thlsquarter . . ' ¦ OBy Order of the Committee of the v -.-, : Q W > . RosSj Secretary September , 16 th , 1839 .

      Untitled Article

      " ^ QE II . Kq . W . SATUB ^^ Y , SIP ^ EMBE ^ " " ¦ - - ' - - -- ¦ - .- "¦¦ - -r . - ¦ ¦' . _ 1 _ j- : ;' -7 " . "' - ' -- ' - "' ¦ '¦ - > . '• ¦ - ¦•• ¦ '" ¦ "¦¦¦ . - .- ' - •' .. . - - .. " .. ' ; , - . [ ¦ :.. '¦"¦ - .. : ^ ^ ShilUnga t > j&r . Qnartgr . ¦ : ¦ -

      Untitled Article

      "' - - ¦ ' - - ¦ ¦ ¦ : " ^> ' - - " ' - " - . - - ' ¦ : ' - ¦ ' - - ¦ -: ' ' ¦ - '• ' ' " : " - . ; - ' - '"'" ¦ ' - - - " ' - ¦ ' " ¦> . ; ' ¦ " ¦¦ ' -Sr ' - "" ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ :- - ' ¦ ¦ :- ¦ ¦ ; ' - ; ¦ : " . . ; - :--" ¦ '¦ - ¦' . : ¦• ' :: ? < - ' : ¦ ' - .. - ) '¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ - :.. ¦ ¦ .. . ' . " ¦ ::. . ¦"¦¦• ' ¦ ¦'¦ . ¦ : " : ; - ¦; :. \ - . ¦ ' . ' ,.

      To The Mght. Hon. The Earl Op ^Gliston, Eglinton Castle, Ayb - Shihe.

      TO THE mGHT . HON . THE EARL OP ^ GlISTON , EGLINTON CASTLE , AYB - SHIHE .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 21, 1839, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1075/page/1/