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Northern Star (1837-1852), 29th September 1838, Edition 1 of 3, Page 6

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      Mfe ^ e ^^ KMENJ , v .. / - -ii jaf ^ BE ^ frBEAT - ¦ -- ¦" .

      a ^ saJim STEg ~~ gBMOXST&&TIOH , - ' " -i ^ i vm iotft oxDji-Befhrter : ) jS' ^ laiSSipeaj'V ^ i .-abOTt ^ ie ' .- Great Demonj ^ ^ jfa-tt--st Kroanghain , on the 6 tt . Tilt _ ,. aii diauch SFr &r&x ^ Meil every tyue ^ Ra ^ ical , still more will , aaa&zsaitit £ 'l » Jsai& . ' . abouf '& % itenionstiHitori on 3 Sei ^^» n ^ Hk JSJwway last , ; wj&iajiaitely more ^ ocasjg i ^ itg vwirtmituighoic ^ BamiDtereiJteiiher aksSkW&fsrv « f -tte MjoWiogodfisattsin particular , «* 5 ttt ^ . peBM r'te » q «^ t ^> '&nd ; pro * periiy of the ^ aafeaKBt inge . ^ ^ TJi < 4 oBirs § ingham'Demoiutration ¦^ a » i ! W « ipifi «* riyJnjiy : i thaS Vive * via witiiesised in a gg owEgy . T&eJMaoclwstei -i > emoasmitioii has aB *?» cfc « le& tKafcJfiBsteniijpilMn asitwBy

      posa « BESra < c 8-4 liHig-to-exc ! i 5 i i « ndtKer . I ''" : ' - - " " •• ^^ »«^ t ^ Mte ^ f ^*§ p r ^* 3 b ^ *^ the l ^! Es »* -Twp !^ el'iif" ^ Vi 5 ^^ fo 7 en 5 et the -Ju ^ j ^ fe ^ eSecdve ' mil ^' resiilt * ' than it necessarily -wS 3 te- 3 te * &oVi -dh ^ by ^ ek % r - subterfuges , and ja ^ io « feisve ieto * ad recflTOseSta for * £ i » purjiJm "T il "ilil jTnTilTTTiiiiiflliitiTr iriTti nrniTti'i 1 to aw » wffianr-mt ^ W ;; anii % iaongrt otter ? it was attEtf ^ j ^ T ^^ of U ' etoiBtirt ^ artgreaL ifi thL < JfctuffrugnH take place . on Kersal-mppr [ lEe place « Me % { o ^ -ti $ ^ a ^ : V h ^; flidcght . tM tin * zaortMtv ; « wj >) Sjjg | hj & « j Jepwi that ^ thejspMiers i affveo niriif oi

      mutiijw i > 'ii . . -wufcf . u ^ , nqaMmjoau - ai fiv ^^ -yopld deter 1 numbers tfrom attending the ibmHe * £± k < tras - -aTio * -Starea - iMFan ' r partie * who ¦ hulVi ! fheatBtirti-ftoifrtitig faci'dHesih whicli ' they hi wfcmijjjgiiiJ far tHe purpose ofattending the meetiojpssaSi be . instanllyr . diaciinrfed . jyi these , at * ite ^« s \ -a&weTer , haseibeeB frostrat « J- —the meeting S « £ csKji ? BcoTed to be a demonstration of ^ tlie feel-33 ^ s& ^ ie ~^ 6 spJs * f ! -a » i-ijdnhv The following ^ Sa ^^ wHetiH&befea-, pnbiL-hed thronghout the & * t *! && 4 3 & £ Bi& j' contradicted the Whig rumours w-aasrf ^ fSsrraJto'f ¦ and' -as "pPsitreery proved that "fife santeaenfe expressed- at- the meeting were t 2 S % 3 E : ai » sonstitutional assembly : —

      w FALSE . ALARM' ! - _ ** £ » £ & People of Manchester . -sad the romrandss Towns ; Hamlets ^ nhd Villages , ' ' - ^ SpzrrJ& se satf tfufauiided rnmtmrs having been tth&s&ii ivladvis " to ' the " G : r ^ at _ Rtt ^ ical _ Deinoustra-= 3 s < S-digris ! o take p late at KersaJ Mo » r ou the 24 th ~ 2 Bpk ,-s ?*? feeMiKDpy- in " l > eicg ' : able to lay before the Ts £ iic ^ SL 5 nj 3 i > wing 1 ac& : —The M ar ^ hals , Messrs . ^ ss t ^ obgi ^ e and X R . Rlckardsuu , haying been 3 s ^ et » c * d hy the auihurities to wait-upon them . rrT * fe »? . i tfce abpre mt- « iiug , Mr . E . Nightingale , aaarsa ^ Kiiwi . by Mr . J . \ Yroe . ( Air . R . being absent s ^^ t- S ^ ar R adical Meetin g in London . ) did , in "« Pta ^ 3 iB rt ^* ith- sach ' - 'wisb , -attend upon them this : axnBK £ -r 3 ? bt » -Tuini > haUj and were received in the : 3 Gc «*^ w 2-: rre-. ras manner , % nd obtained from them the aSrss- ^^ ars ^ tce- tbarinFim * i » f& > B hfcd --ever exi * ie d

      -rare s ? -i-. r part toim «» rrupt * he peaceable and legal ? J&ea ? rhsz 5 qI the meeting . Kaiowiug as we do that hp-e- ^ fti- c-omimmitie * aome evil-disposed persons sre- ^ . * : ? 2-2 = 2 v tq ^ tfike _ Jidvnntaxe of tue ongnarde : i , jfer ? c >« iiii-s ot' ^ lancLester ^ atthe earnest solicita"at ** l - " ¦ : « f- « t-pTitatiiniv hnTP , iu the most hnndsoine s « Eta ?« ve--iaplird with \) iAt wi > h , and haver ^ nwsae&svi&Gxr aunmijfir of the Manchester police-- ! & » v 5 > bs in r ^ a ine . < s upon the ground , not that -3 s » c 3 r < j-3 , v 5 ; a ! lieii > arH uf a breach of that tranqtfillitv

      ^ s ^ f t&ia&Scits funndarinu peace , la w , ordBr , by ' tlie 2 s& _ K . inxy > , m . bntto apprehend any thieves or wgir * s& * - !^<* ir . ay bv deU-cted following tiieir oulawtui 5 aa * d »^« W . j irel thai it is-cecesx-iry lo make tbi .-Tm 3 ** izx :- > Fz ? 2 iU in order to allay the ft-ara of the "" - * 5 JSy--aGi > io copnterjct the xnischie ! that inay aii « e ie * a ^» -KTcr . la ? ion . of uufbnuded n » pur& . In con-^ Ss ^^ s ^ ^ w rarueytly n-qnesc all we ) l- < li 3 ^) osed per-£ * a * ---us .-xs- » i <> &-thH oSice r * IiiAe discharge of thaar ^* &s ? -x » i ? i-iiot doubling bm tbat SDcircall wil l i ^^ Tj- ^ pt ^ ipond ed to bv all Radical Reformers .

      ^ -S STTAIin NlGHTrXGALE , ^ d- ^ lL . RicHiBUBON ( having returned ) , ' Marshals . . ¦^ S 62 e £ MW _ Sjpt ] $ lSS 8 , " . _ ' f ^ yxrz ^ i the many incenrives to the people , of ^ ta&ciss ts exhibi t UiHir ,, political opinions on SScMccai-v ^ s Tan addcess from the London Working ^ Sxs-2- ij >*»> riati < jn was widely circniated in the * zxBt / vaau had cen « 'JeraJiJe' effect in cansiug the 5 a * fw 's the u > wii , its neighbourhood , and . " ^> c » yjC 3- * n > Lancashire , to be closed—Whigs , Tori ^ , tfsdS- iKS ^ s ^ is , tje on-aers of factorie . s , have-Wen ^ t **»^ -i lS- = li ut latun ap foF tbe daj '—tiie people " 3 cf ?« s .: s - ' endued thai thu shunld be so . Ttiiis . . aanr ^/» tuy other circuinsiance , pmve poatfvely . C 23 C ? fcivLii between the operatiye and the master fistic-csr . cn more e ^ Hy broteti by t ' . ie fonn . er than 3 *~ iriij ; rod tiiat die people , by pa * saTe jfexiitancf , iSayar . viiij pjriad the pn . * tfr of rectifying and j ?« 3 fc ^ Ki ^ "lik-ir ' osrn-gricvaiict'S .

      .. ^ ' ^ xir-al ' -Tj ? oi . the Manchpster Union met SSftrsTaevva o ' clock , ia SmitbadA , for the-purpfi ^ e . 1 *^ 53 ^ -car ! ing tn tii « gronnd . an < l the follovriug is J * t * &r ? K , 4 M' ^ To . 'essiun . takeub . y them , aud by the 3 **? fSK ; H" ihs sbriuan 4 ing- ' ^ ispic tis the ord er of the awcc-. ^^ w fr" » some of wlach . we - have beea bat >* aii ^; " ciiibied to learn ^ niany of them . having isa&ti . t-a tae grnnnd -Bnihoult the orderin which ^ S sgT ^ -K jsa 73 ii- , vlleJ ha \ in « been announced .

      SIlDEPv OF PftOCESSIONV " F ^ o ^ 1 ' rampeters antTjprseback . ^^ feaK ^ bi—3 ! vsirs . Nightingale and Rich . vdion . J 3 s&na ± » i \ Ja \ iv—A . LauJle of It » ds tied together . iiSlirhesfer Coudett Baud . iiH e Silk Banner of the Union , JK « BcSa tzi >;;>* tn je 2 figure of Justice , holding in i * s , % » Va jjaiajjre , strppbrteJ " by the British Lion , ¦^*^! U-. & ? sis of ¦' Vis .-ioBi . 'Cuity : fcace . au * d Strength , TWTr . zssu ^ i'ky a Eriti > n Stai-uafd , with ihe motto ; ~ i * sb > j V L-iir . Ord- ^ r . " Inscri p tion— " Manchester 7 r&gi * - ?? 3 *' rs . uii . " i * . fTrer < e—~ Universal SufiVage , &r « iSual-iasaviiti , aud Vct ^ by Ballot . " . _ T'fee-Sn ^^ eat . Pn-sirien L Victs-President . 2 &&S % *' - ? L ^ 3 itunier— Re : rcal of the > e wTobrLaw . jLp- ^ iAJJvr ; Secretary . ' . Treasurer . j& ^ cit-r . Bauiier . Banner . - ^ « 2 * -. i ! 1 *> 5 ; ofEnglfiiid , Harp of Erin , Thistle of

      &rotiaiiJ . ^^ T ^ ^ pli . Green d- goM . Whi'e&gold . y- / i ;; j er . s \ .: the C-iirmiuee f > inr abreast . _ SrVjaiis from the country fonr abreast . ? i-i-. >« cfc . Unio-. Jack . " 3 ^* ~ « ^ 'lk Banner of the Universal Suffrage _^_ - -issoriaiiou . Z 5 £ z-- z ~< i ~ - ? = * T 3 rce of ; tl 1 weal- Ii—Liberty < fc Equality ^ 5 ovKi ^ t : 75 « f tie F- > Klie ; J Uinen four abre-st . Ivo . 1 . District ' . Marshals . ' ile .-f . - s . Fjrrc- ^ t-rs' Brass Band . Uij-jn B-iiiuer .

      - ^ 3 t *^ r . fr . ?^ ated" on a rock , trampling on the ¦ ii ^> -v-r- ^ Hi i < cj , b « . liiug in her raht hand thtir ^ a-rCv ? Ni-uiciiv , > :: nr , i ) nu ' ie < l b y a cap of liberty ; ^ sbJ ^ k kfliu hai > -J iha i ' eo ^ le ' s Cbaner , " while ^^ r ^ ^ = ri * " ¦' - roiires lo Kjjdritsdii the Charter ; the " VsCi-i ; . ; . ' , ^ > n . ut , » iu n .--. 'inicirflt ! over beT bead . " ^ p ^ >« v ^ -a r ;» . bs uvsj . ' cs si . 0 icirnt tbatshe wi . ls - —" - ^ -i- ^ r-r—*• Ivuglaud expects everr Eian , THis as « = ^ : i ^> i .:. ctiry . " " - - _ JV-rii-. jiVi rrr ^ niiJ . rol . l letters sh aded , cap of ^ ' ^ --T ^ nrli't - , " mottc-- " Tbt earth is the right of •» a ' -- -3 L-vr . - st . — -He iliac will not work , lieriher . aSsifels !* v = y ; " 2 nJ Thesiaiomans , ch . 3 v . 10 . IA : » - - ^ ri . ' on Pfii-jiSeldJdescription of . " ~ " 5 £ SJt pi . . v ^ , biiu * lei-. er .-: . " Universal Suffrage , " " " - ¦¦*» " V ^ -te by Uall . it " ' ? . ! irir . ! iers c ! ILe Union .

      £ 5 ) Sft Visri-cr . —Il . ^ c ^ } lil » n—^^ j& ' j ^* «;^ e tou iguor . iiii to inaks taxes , we are too Ics'isf . 'i ^ E to p-jy them . J ^ - ' ^ ryA ' iisj ijjrorsuit to make-laws , we are too ^ »«> rt :: tti > e !^ J tlieTU . " " " - . 3 Ss »* f 7—Puli ^ r-nijdi porfrait of Henry Hunt , E # q . 23 fer »^> : ;— ¦* T-be :: ian wbo new ' r " d ^ . M ; rt ed tbe p ?? 2 $ k ~ ' J ^ ttrersi— " Equalrrythe first law of na-~ ? ktej : w ? ir > t vrant ol mail—chief bond of ou : - J&Arcei'i's . " .

      > etT »' . i < -rs of the Association , f . jur abreast . Sz :: vx ^ -B . ; r . uex Arins of tbe Trade . —jilot ' o , : ?* t' > : * - au .-: a . aiid justice . '—^ Members ioar abreast . ' liHs'jniyics . —M : ; ijc ! iea ! pr Boroagh Band . —Baurxin Ani . s \ - \ UiR -Trade , iiisniptiou , Steam-ei : gine satJf lMSL-li- -:-.--nuikers' r ' rieiiujy Society . — -Motto , ' ^ ir > - ^ . x . h : ' .. « r . ri-ihr to . one vote in the choice ot ifefl ? r-- - > - » .-ii - - ;; iiv-. —ii bt- ! ougs to him in hi ; Hght of ..-esr-viii -w . ul-, 1 liii p ^ ricii isJils tide-deed .

      '—Mem-- > . « £ ?¦ ' «¦ am > RiitRiERS . —Banner of the Trade . — ¦^ trai-ij Joar ab . vasr , -trt-ariDgiiew white leather = k »? c ?* ; v . ii trfar . 2 gvii : bL-ins » if thetra . de . . fespnc Wv . kel \ vp .: gh 3 ^—Bami " ei > ' ' ^ ue " jE & . z-h 2 i ; -i B- ^ css ; iiiili » ' Ijojietv . ' lltverae , * Loy 4 j * fer ^ aae 3 i > tr ; oas su-it-cy on the order , of charity . '—^ - ^ C ^ i ^ r -j i-mi abiviisti- ' ^ Jkxrzx SunARzns . —Marsha ! , John ; FraiitliD , " ^¦ a sii > iw * l . > : i \ w £ alSuff age , Aunnal ParUaments , iSais- - 5 J J 5 ; uior , 2 s o I ' ropT-rty Quidiiication , aud 2 % ? 35 ^ . i tif . ' . it-fliers for their teriices . ' Reverse , I ^ s zik } ? Society of Fustaiu-sLearers . ' 2 klembers Swr ^ 3 i < s : £ ir ¦ -

      t ^ -xt » :. sji : j ; s jvsn Joiscns . —Marshal * , ' Messrs rp ^ iiw -A mi stixui . JJamier of the trade , iiem-&fr »' i ** sc ¦ . . ' ¦ ivaii . ¦ ' . ' ' , . ^ - ^ - » --: dt . ixb SnorMiSERS . —Banner , bearr ^^ '" . ^^ " riIi ' ^' iier insignia of the trade . Motto , *" - * " ^ * ; ii . ri- ^ B : a our rights inviolate ; prosaKtj , ^ ., ; lbs justness ot " « jur cause . ' Reverse . ^' ««' yx .- zi- % Iu-aLutioa of Boot ajidSJioemakeM . ' - » cssSs «! r- * £ « ira . i ,: V : lsju . " ¦ - " ¦ ; V : _^^ s » " Sac ; : jiiiiL-iis- —Banner of the trade , with * «~ 3 *»«* ie ; ir aurca : t . - ¦ ¦ WS *?™^ : " - —^ ' ^ MiaU Mr . Birtwistle ; ~^ Jk * £ - liraucl 1 uf ' Ure Northern Unions ' 3 ^ f c ^ » j ^ I ' eople'i Charter , * encircled with rose , : ^^^ c- B ^ cr . ^ Marsuals , Mr . James ^^ ae ^ ifclMrw-Josepi . fan ; two bands of music , ^ Kk ^ ft ^ ^ ' - » H ? gIit- of Man ; ' 2 , wiiite ^ fe *» 5 Sp- ^ nj ^ EiKil SuGrare . A-nnn-, 1 PRriiaTnPnt ..

      ^ t ^^ » ' / Ballot ; ' ^ Tne blood-stained flag ot •^^^^^» gr « ri 3 , ' ' We inow our rights , and we

      Untitled Article

      will havjB them j | 4 , given and ; « rhite ¦ HetppiubCT the mctonr chiUren ; taxation" without representa tion vs onjdst'f 5 » : greeu , * Thelnghta ' . ol . tlip . ^ peqpie ; ' * For a nation to be fref , itv > enough that she wilt * it ; ' 6 , green . * The voice of the people cannoi be -withstood ; * 'Tayl 6 r ,- the unflinchiiiK frie " ndQ { the people ; ' " -7 , green , ThfWwno > ilt ; be free , knock of yonr chains ; ' ' United w « j stand ,- divided we-fell ? 8 , white , » The Rochdale dutdcV of tluj Natarmal Convpntiori . . - .- .- ; ¦ , ¦¦ -- ¦ • ¦ . ¦ - ' - " '

      PaESTwicH- ^ Flagic Marshal , Mr . Dickensori . TheB ^ nd . tThV following . bantiett were also exhibited-:- ^!* May England ' s ^ on « be firm and uuited , and never ^ rebut iu thrir exertions , nudl the last , q ' ., their oppra ^ ars and skvery . ' * last chain are the last tyrant * grave shah" lw riveuin twain ; " reverse , '' Pre ^ twich and Pilkinglon Union , " motto , " The loosngof the discontentea spirits of the age , " Two tricolanr flags . - - ¦ : . " -- ; " ¦ ; Mi ddleton . — " Labour shall Be represented . ?' u They tbat b ^^ lain with HB 6 'iM * i . are better * aK th ^ y that beTslath With' hongeri 1 br i&ese pmt away ' rtriekehthronghfor wannof thefroiteof the-field . '' "May we legislate for ourselves * *»* oorTchildrep hereafter ; may bleiH us . " ;• > Tne-vr 6 sperity . o £ a nation depends on ihe excellency of it * government

      and Jegisiarion . " * LibertT . and fr » termty ,. unitiT and Btrengtti . " —( A flag .. ttuat . was . . at . PeterloO fJ "Middleum Working Men j- Association : Equit rights and eqdal laws . " . " Miadleton Wbod ' jnDjjivprVal Suffragej Auhual Parliaments , Vote by ffallot" To legislate we will V ^ in , qur ' cotmtry > » birthright to win—M&gna dharta aud " the Bill of R ^ gfiw . " " ATinnaJ Parlinm ' eht * , Vhiverwil Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , and NoPrdpertyQuaHficHtion ' lor Members of Parliament . Conie let n » betiiiited together in brotherly love , our right * andliberty to gain . " - ¦ - - . :, The morning was a lowering one , but netwithj ^ audiiig this crowds of persons be ^ au to Assemble in the streets shortly after day-break , and maiij i > £

      the procession * from the country bad arrived by nitjn o ' clock . The various trades of JMauchester as » embW in Smittifie . ld , and , previous to their marching for Kersakmoor , presented u ' formidable appearance in _ respect to numbers . Tlie : M *> or is nearly four inilts distant from Manchesteri ' ^ and the { rroniid fixeJ for the meeting is thnt upon which the Manchester races take place . Tbe hujftiug * wen ? erected near the StaniNboase , and in such a position that they were surrounded by au amphitheatre of at least fifteen acnw , every persm npon any portion of the ground being enablrd to see all that uans ^ d . All

      along the line of ruad from Manpaester ibe footpaths were tbroijged to excess , aud in the erea before the old collegiate church , which overlooked the liii * of pr . » ce . ssiou . there were mauy thousands of . feinalrs lu-sembled . B y twelve o ' clock one half the grouud was occupied , a . nd the inimenge inulritUile even ai that time presente-l a truly awtul app ^ aran ' ce . Beforebueo ' clock , howewr , the gro ' iiiiu was coiupletdy occopir ^ , aiid tbe rteetiug then was Certainly the largest that ban « ver tak-n place in the British eurpirc—not less than 300 , 000 persons coiild hnve then bet-n pres « ut . A * the various- ' speaker * arrivMd upon the Uustinus they were loudy cheered .

      At about ten minutes to one o ' clock , the proceedings cumm nc-tl . John Fieldex , Elsq . M . P . for Oldham , was unan 5 ini > nsly cjille < i to the cuair , nmid ve ; y loud and enthusiastic cheering , aud when the hnutfs were beid up in apurobKtiuii of tbe motion the sight wasone of the ino * t sp ! eu-iid we tfyvr _ witnessed . Hr saiil tbey w-re a .-seiuiilud tbere in large numbers to perurm n public Uu : y , It bnO been tue prcicnce ol the peo . ile of Eualaud Irom time imiuemorial to meet in large numbers to make known thru grievances to the rulers of the people aud denmud redrew , and ne tru-teJ ih ^ it practice wonl-l never , ct-awto prevail ' xmitil they had obtained UuivrrsiiV > ufiFrage . < Load ch ^ rs . ) Bat the pr-Actiee of

      meeting in larg « numbers extended lar beyond tbe history ol ihe people of England . In the days ' of old there , was one named Nfheiniah , wno , wheu the people were ojipressed with taxes , aud under a tyrannical gnveruinen 1 , raised up a large assembly ' rigdiiitt the nobles of tue laud , Hnd deuiauded the redrew of their grievances ,- ( cheers }^ aud , that they j » hunld cease lo exact usury from them , _ Mij ; lit hV . aveu grant that our nobles and rulers might be as . W'se . a * they wer « in the days of Keht-miah , and deliver the people from tbac > e-rious loa ^ l ol " taxation niider whicb they lnborned . ( Loud cheer !' . ) Thev w . re all ; : ware that la ge meetiugs hail taken-place at S ; rming ! i * ain , l ^ ewcjistle , Edinbro ' , Gla > gdw , aud London , imviug the promotion of tbe wmie ^ objt-cts

      iu'vikw tor wiiicb tbey wrre met , tbat was , expressing to the iioulpjJ au / i rulers of the land , by petition , tlia . $ tbr ; y iusUted on ewry mau of the in who had arrived at tbe age of tweuty-oue jvars , aud were uutaiuieJ by crime , bnviug a voice iu the chooniug ollbnse . by whom tbey were to begoverued . ( Cheers . ; No'bina could be more reasonable tba-. i this demand , and if diey would oiily coiid'jct themselves as tbey nad hithr-rto done , ' aiid coutiuue to persevere iu their demands for ibis jnst and necessary right , they would , he was persuaded , prevail ; tn securing it . {( . Tit-i ? rs . ) Bnt as the press «> f the two factious had both nailed for the purpose of showing that tbe pt-oplewere nnfit to have a voice iu the choo . « in ^ uf thvir represfentatives , a Jew moments might not

      be juisspeut -iu answering one or two-ulijectiuns which were urged alike by JK ) tb the Whig aud Tory factions . "Tbe Editor of the Morning Otromcle had snid tbsit tbe people yet . werebotb pour and ignorant . That they w ^ re poor he was ijuite wilhij ^ g to aumit , but thatthey were ignorant heideriied . ( Hear , hear . ) libe working ' men _ " of Eugliind were not only the most wise in their day and generation , but th » y were also the most clever part ot the / community to be fouudin the island of ( Jreat Britain . ( Cheers ) But this YV'luy scribe said that because tbey WtTrt poor they bad no right to vote . ( Shame . ) Now , ii uoverty incapaciiated men irem u > inK the elective fr mchise there might be some truth in tbe argument ; but unless that senbe c < mid show tbat because tbev

      were poor they were incapable of judging of their reprKtefaUrives , then poverty was not a sufficient justification for withholding Irom them t e elective lr . inchi > e- ( Loud cheers . ) Tbe Editor of the- Motjiing Chronicle bad " said that property alone ' shoulu be rf pr ^ ifntiitJ ; and until the people could secure the affections of the possessor * "f . property , uutil tbej did this they were not entitled to repre-eutntiou ; Now . without representation they had no interest in the GovVrnmeut . ' ( Hear , heur . ) He was one ot those thut thought , tbat the protection of lite arid limbs and the promotion and " preservation of hap ] niie » s , o " iiglit to be studied by those wlio represented the accumulated propeity . ( Hear , hear . ) He was not to be secured in preference to any security of any

      people , ana the sale po .- > es > iou of these cbiugs ouj ; ht the only , innn iu . 'England who thought .-o . Tbe widest luentliat perhaps ever lasted in the . worldtbefouuders iof tbe . American Republic .-rated these things . ' _ [ Mr . F . here quoted the authority . ] There was not oiie single word about property in all he had , read . ( Hear , hear . ) The . great object . of g overnment wsis ' stiited to be the . protection of property . But property -was not rn ' ouej at ail ; but the security of lilcjiiicl limb , and tbe promotiou of bappiiit ^ s were ' the tbrre great concerns which those who gowru shohlu endeavour to secure . ( Cheers . ) The - ¦ rgnment that because they bad not property , they were ' d&qnalvfied to vo e was uusotiud .. It was the most mi ' fcbie . vous doctrine . The poor , boweyer , stood in greater need of tbe elective lrancbise , because {/ roj / rrty * wj ^' povrer , an J t ) ii-y who ] n'rise ~; sc-d prjipert v

      did ui > t , require a vote ti > protect them , bt-cnu ^ tliey ha-1 an ddurUoual power to commence with . ( Hear . ) If therefore votes were withheld from nny party ra . tber than another , it should be from the rich anu not from , the ' jaoor . ( Cheers . ) HjuI we had a reformed House tf Commons , it would have taxed the r ; ch , and carried out that protec-ion to the poor £ > r wLich the ^ have been praying so long—bad the HoosVoT Commons done tiiis , they would have been raved " the tro . ubjt- of meeting ih"re on that occasion . ( Cheers . ) ^ or these re asons tlien he was of opinion that tbe . pQverty of r people was no reason ' why they should be deprived ol" tbe franchise . But then they talked of ignorance . Now when tbey talked of ignorance Tie should like to contrast all the working ineu

      ot England with all their represeniatives . ( Cheers . ) If wur ^ iug , men were at the bead of affairs , they would not , after passing a lte ! orm Bill for England , immediarel yjiHss a Coercion Bill ior Irielanu ' , or a Poor Law Bill for England , —( ioud cheers)—at least not without hanng secured to the poor such wages as enabled them to live-by holiest labour , h \ ii . e hud a . House of Commons constituted of working men , it wonld not "have voted £ 60 . 000 a year to the London police , and ' then determine that " they might be sent nbom to every partof tbe country . ( Cheers . ' ) They Xnew ^ what was meant by-a repeal of " the Com Laws . ( Cheers . ) , He'insisted then that no more sboulu be saldLabouVtheu- poverty ; and as to their ii : noranc < - Le -F Onid corupjire it with the iEnorauce ~ of their and their be

      govemrxs ^ mouths wonld soou silenced By , 1 $ B ujtelBgenct * of working men . ( Ch ^ rs . ) Their -poverty na 4 ; been brought upou them b y an uupriucipieB systenVof taxation . ( Cheers . ) They all kn / w of thf . war which was waged against tbe French for a great ^ nunj ^? r of years wben the Freuch pepple . wereeud ^ a \« anng to rHfdrm their governinenr . To put ' dowu ' tn ' elibertybf France an immense Vebt was ac « iumlated $ &ad thus Va degree of taxation was Wised in ^ Uie c ^ uutty- which could npjt have been siji .-porced , _ but * iqr tbe tamperiiigs that were made wim the mi » ney . / ystem . When the war bad terminated then set iu all " the horrors audsuffering and affliction which ouebt to have been endured during tbe wnr .

      {" Hear , ) " . U'hatdid the Goverumiait do when at the clos ^ . of jhe ,, war—those , who possessed property iWerw ^ nHliit to yote for member ^ of the House oi Com ^ apns ^; In 18 Jo they enacted a Corn Bill ; to make ' bre ^ d " , dear , and took away tKe property tax . whiebwas . paid by thericb- ¦ ( Shame . ) .-Those wprn i wo ineasures passed in thai very , year » - and tbe poor peopje , a * they were cilled , " could not and wiould not have done so mischievous a thing as tb-isi , T % ^ ft ; aidwehav ^ owgotth ^ u 5 b . taewiir . wihouMafferli ) g ' j ^' ex ^ asA ( 4 l ^ - i ^ i \ BnijB 6 w . t ^ i ' 9 fe-liaYe . pekce YP wiiijtbrow tn ? whple ^ prden of tbe ^ w , ar tipoji the wor ] pngpart of posterity by obtaining Irom the custom ? jil-thd taxB 3 necessary lor carrying on the

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      . tiowrumrntul . t ^ iiwiMiiry ^ - ' ^ Mettfl uear . ) i > itiuni £ wait more J » bsnr . l ... Thev onglit | p have contjuued the property tax before all other Cases . / Thti war had been Cirried on for tKe protection of prop rty , and the duty ought to have been paid by those whbse protection it wag designed to accomplish , ( Cheers , ) N *) w ^ let those' who like , gofor the Cora Laws instead of Universal Suffrage ; he said , let' the Hbusa of Commons enact a property tax , and repeal the Corn Laws , and U » ey riughtiemove the taxes which press so heavily upon 'ttte ' working m «» altogether . ( Cheer * . ) Bat there w . era , those . who , wished to divide them' and qnietea them t for the purpose : of decei \ ing _ them . ( H ear ,, hear . ) .. For six . years tb ^ e Whip-smifflithave reneuled the Corn'LaWs : » i » Hi . ( hif » to

      only reason why th ^ y npw beg an agitate the questioD , was because tnej saw the people intent upon a movement which w « oli soon have put them in poSsessiou of tbe-uoW f ir by which they cpnld repeal the Com ; L >^ , tWs ^ y « v iXl ^ u d ^ h ^ ers . ) . Let them , then , > ejustW ¥ iconMs _ teiit . ( Cheery . ); Iietnotthe pepple he ' djverte ^' ^ the " suffrage ^{ lPud cheers ;)—in" the suffrage-was their great cure , ind yrithQat th ' ^ sriffrage he would not promise tlienv atrV care . ' { He ^ r , hear . ) But \ l they " went-on' with nim * for'tbje suffrage—if they would not be too haery , and would conduct' th ^ n- j selves -peaepably " and act in obedience to those who wished them well—if they would only do this , and

      persevere , they ; should . have ithe , ^ uffraffe .. ; ( Tremen- - dons ckeew , apd ,. cries bf We ' wiDi'X . ^ hey were indebted to the ^ Birmiugbam inen for this movement . The iwoNethhen of tn ' atrbwn had with him ( Mr . Ffelden ) been ' doing ' all they could" , 'during the last six KK&idhs-of PaVliame ' ut , te " op ' en the ' eyes of those 'Aho Were ^ ruHiig them ^ but alltheir ' effortsnadbee . u in vain ; " But tfioV Had Ukea ttoe rightcourse : Nothing could Have been better said than the answer fc iveu by Mr . Attwood to Lord Melbourne , when he presented , their memorial . ; ¦ Lord Melbourne , had said that Birmingham was u < & all . England . '; *? No , " replied Mr , Attw , pod , "but » U EJiiglajiil is with-us .- ' "But the House of Commons ; is against you , ' -said Lord Melbourne . u Qh , we wi } l mend the Hita '^ e of

      Commous , " ssid Mr . Attwobd . ( Loud cheers . ) Now are we all uuifefl in mending ; thei House ol Commons ? ( Tremendous cheering . ) Then , if tbey woillil all persevere—if they would be true ixr < heinselvei *—if they wonld act as if the whol «' .- 'depended Upon each in'divid } lBl- ^( loD'd cheers)—if they would jfo on demanding the whole p > the five poiutsin the Birmingham petition , they should have the House ol Unumons meuded . . ( Veryloud cheering . ) But lie must give tbein . a fcw words . of advice . All ma ' nu . i-r of devices would brt resorted to to sow divisiou amongst tiiem . (^ ear , hear . ) One would promisw them a Factory Bill , another the repeal-. of the Poor Law , a third the repeal of the porn LaWs , a fonrtb wonld p omise a mtuimuui of wages for the

      band-loom weaver —( laughter)—and a fifth wonlu tell lhem that they should have ullthat they wanted if they only would » ot ask forthe Suffmge . ( LooJ l-. mphter and cheers . ) But he ssd . i , disregard all the applications to divert them from that object . Ke .-p t « i mis point . ( We will . " ) This was what lb .-people ot England haduever done yet ; tbey were uoa ou tlie poaitof trying it , mid as sure as tiiey couducied . themselves peucenbl > ,, aud conliuued to pers . 'i ere , as surely would ihey obtain tjie Sutfragi 1 . ( Cheers ' . ; . It might reiiuim many seisiourt of Par hrtiueut to do it ; but it they were true to t ' n mt svlves . they wonld get it iu oue-fourth of the time tbat they suquld get it in if they suffered tbt'inselvi ' j to . bfcome a divided people . ( Cheers ) He toid thetirufter the Keport of the Poor Law Coinniittve

      was brought up—u report which was a disgnice to the Housrt of C «> mm > uis , and equally a di .- { jracn to ihe country—he told them that this would be tlie Ufxt mow ihe people would lake , and in that ; iiiove ue would back th m . ( Ctieers . ) U \ vus uiniecessary for him to take np thwir time auy longer , as tburn were lnati y other speakers to iiddress them ., -lie bad suffered . considerably in his hunlib . in : consequence of tbe duties imposed upon him as . Member o . Parliament ; but he had bad the satisfaction oi hnvintr proved all he had said before he wit- * a hieinber 11 be true to the very letter . But of all the fruits oi his labour for tbe last six years , h « h , id seen iidntthat eqimllt-d the fruits which he saw at that meetiiig . ^ Cheers . ) . TUere was nuotber part of the ; prt-ss which had put Idrih it ^ falsehoods upou the suuji'ct of Radicalism . The Twiea of lust week eaine . out

      witb an aruole in two comments on the Palace Viiid meeting , tbat bespoke ubirm at head quarters . ( Cheers . j It- said tlmt the Hou . » e of Cominou . - ' would be willing to grant the people every . . thing that coulil be expected . That tbe . extiuiMou . ot the SulTrage could do no good , for nothing could be done ior the people but lo raise ibt-ir wag ^ s aiid this , he coiitf-xided , wasimpossible . ( Laughter . ) The other -iiie ot the factions wt-re telling them tiiat iht-y Werv willing to do all they could lor the people , but they could not give them me power to cboose tbeirrejireseiiwtives . VUas tbere any iguorauce Jike uino lUUr ( Cbeers . ) Could the working peoplebave the power : v * VYes . ") He might , too , hk be passed , make a Mn ^ le remark on the economy of the Wbiss . ¦¦ l ^ ast

      year tbe taxes amounted to fiity-tour millions ; in ; S : i 3 , " ouly to filly uiillinns , and this was thedoing ot a lleloriued House . ( Hear . ) They had iurreaiied the tixatioh in d few sessions not less than lour mil'ions a year . Now , a parliament constituted oi wu ' rkinjr men would sot suffer this ftate of things t «> go on ; they would take off the Excise Laws and the Corn Laws , aiid would at oiice remove- the taxes t ' roin articles of every day coiiMitnptinu , and put on a prop-rty lux . That was all th ) it was ilecessary for . tbein ip do to correct the evils that befel tlie bibouriug ^ people , tti an txteut iilmpst uiipiirallelen in the history of any country . When he ¦' ¦ was ; reading this article in the Dints , he thought it matle oum . l the best arguments he hail erer heard for > h' > rtfuinL

      the . hours of Inbour in factories—( hear , henrj—jui ol . ject for whicb he had labjured for twenty-five years , but iu which he had not succeeded , because the peb b le were ¦ unrepresented-. ' ' ( Hear , ^ hear . ) Now « li that work . ng nu-n would do it tbey huu possession of the House of Commons would be to be just both to the possessors of property and to those who had no property . ( Chet-rs . ) Ou the partot the poor , they would guard their lives and their limbs and promote their happiness . That , on the part of the rich , they would prott-ct their propnrtv with that just protection which is due to proptrtf , and more ouabt not to '¦ . bje ' ¦ '¦ . required . ( Cbeer ^) They would repeal the New Poor Law —( Cheer .- ) do away with all plurality of votes and offices ; tbry would us working men , take the greatest interest in the . preservation of peace and order , and would uo

      uotliing that could render the security of lile or . property le . « s . ( Loud cheers . ) Tbe Suffrage being , exteudoil to all ol twi'Uty-oue years ol age , and the other iour points forming part ot the chart embodiyd in the People ' s Charter ^ the tirs t step would be to raise a property tax , and thus . would th- y inuke the poor and the labourer as comfo r tub 2 e aiitl happy a , s they could expert to be in this life . ( Loud Cheers . ) Having tUose xiews , hv need hardly tell them , that be was : a decided advocate of Universjil Suffrage , Aiiuual Parliaments Vole b y Ballot , JS * p Property Quulitication ,: and VVnges for Members . ( Trenieuuou » cheering . ) Fiually , then , he would assure th » -m th : it , il" they would only be true to themselves , tbev might rely upon sill thi ; assistance wbieli it was in his pow \ r to reuder them , both in aud out oj Parliament . ( Mr . Fieldeu concluded amidst thts most enthusiastic cheeriuu . ) ,

      Mr . 9 odget 8 wHas called upon to move the Hrpt resolniioiu AluraddrvsMtig ihemeetiug asMeuut Mnr . ilwbter ,. Oldhum . Stalybridge , Boltoii , Bury , Kbcbdale , Middleton , dvc . < fcc ,, he said be congratulated them most sincerely on coining forth in tlie largest mass that evt-r before in * t in England to deujahd Uuiversnl Suffrage . ( Cbeers . ) Their last petition that they ever met to sifin—tbe last - . lime iliat they ever met togrther , —the last time that they ever congr ^ -gated the whole ot South L . iicashirewas upou the : blood-ttainfd -Held of Peterloa . ( Treiiiendousi cheering . ) Then they were sabred b j the military ; and driveii : from the field , ( Hvitr , hf-ar . ) But ' mark the difference now . Behold the bauner ? of all their neighbouring towns : behold

      the banner * of fill their Trades' Unions , that never before came forth iuto the nrena ot polilicul ' sirifv-. ( Loud cbeers . ) They bad met to adopt the ilirmiugbam Petition , and the words of that jjetitioii beg « n with > - 'U ' t * uern&ud . " ( Chrers , nud Biavoj" ) He would not enter into the question of Umver . siii Suffr » j ; e with them ' j ' . ( iod knew it bad been entered into otten enough , aud their presence -there proved that tlit-y kitew it wa ? thvir right , mid tbitt they were deftrihiued to maintain it . ( Loud cheers . ) Twenty years ago , they wVre told that they had no such ngbt , ' and Wt-re cnt down and shot at lor demanding it . ' ( Hear , bear , hear . ) Now thev were told it was -their abstract right , - bu ' i they were not Humcientlv educated ; but when they hiid isirquired ^ sufii ' cieu ' t educatioii , they should have it . . Now .. 'if education Tmrmt . M >> vitii » . r ; t ¦« -

      - . - - . I . . ~ ~ ~~ ^ ^ w « v » w » f j « U 4 IIGLfe - ^ t meant the acquirement of knowledge . Hwappeuled totbem as uieiif and asked whether they did uoi think thtisy had asmttcb knowledge as the £ 10 sti . firagemen . (" Yes , yes . " ) Hnd they not as much knowledge as the old . borpughinpnsering Piirliument , who , when guineas were wiling for 27 s ., dhdared that a £ 1 notH and a shilling were worth agniufa ? < Langbter ;) Hadtbey not hsmuch kiiu'Wledge as . that Parliament- which declared that thif negroes wonid be better off with free labour tiiuu with slave labour , and yet gave the planter * tweiily millions of money to purcuase their treedom , which was at last only couceded to the firm arid unanimous

      demand of the people ? ( Cheers ;) Was -it possible forthem to do wor .-e : haa that ? («> Nb v iid . "i 11 they were t io idle fo elect tbeir representative ^ and were to take by chance 658 persons from that asSeiubly , could they have done worse r ( ' Noi 11 , 0 . ") VBut what other . objection * did they raistj against tlie extension of the suffrage ? : Th > y said that the peopUi wanted toi destroy property . / Hear bear ; AYasthdtlikely ^ WouuJ L y ^ stroy ^ workS thrtrownhaudMl for there was iio property but 'thaf which legitimately belonged to the people . Had they . b ^ en buildiugVa 8 es , and wnsit likely th . ey wodH pull them'dowii ? Had they be « iu ploughiug their fields and sawing them with grain afod was it

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      iiKfly . tbttt tiny ^ »»« jrb gooig ^ to trample . it ; iiudtrtheir ieet ? , Flieidea was so monstrous that no " man ol common sense cculd entertain it for a moment . TTiis , bftwever , showed completely intp what a miserable corner : tbe enemies of the people tvere driven ^ ( Cbeers . ) TbJey ^ aid besides that the people wariteilto destroy the Constitution ; but wU 6 created the Constitution : ? . ¦ ' Was it hot the working men of England that created ; & . ( Hear , iieivn ) Had : they not buckled on their armour andish « l their' blood for it , and M ^ a sit likely . t Uatitftey # old pulldown theiroirn protectiye . CJongtiitiUpn ., No , no . ) Tbe fact Avas tlieir enemies wer ^ afraid tbejy wouldrebnil ^ the Consdtutioh ; They were , afraid they would restore ; the ^ prerogatives orthe rnonarch and the people ^ whicb- were the > : proudest boast of EngJand ' g Constittrtipn / ( Cheers . ) Mr / iFielden had advised them to allow nothing to lead , tlieui

      away bom ( this pointi .. He . would advifieitbemtpgo on with their unions and nothiog would , everv Be abl «» -U ) i > prevent ^ hem , &om fibtajning . tiieirr right of UmversarSaffrage . He woqld : ; give way now to others . Thetej . werethe rp spme men iFr ' om Birmmgham .-who-would tell themwhat theBirmuigham men w * -re dpingr- ( loud cbeees ) r-arid . tbjBre w » g [ there the indefatigable U'Co » inOT-- (< jpotiQued cheering ) - ^ whO i Wpnld ; tell them what > the ., men ; of Yorkshire were doin ^ . There was their old < riend Mr . . ly . hittle , and deputies from all the neighbouring -towns and from every part pf England . Tbist was , iodeed , a day thatcwpuld ever be remembered , not bv Man ; chfster albtte , bnt by tiie peopte of . the " United Kingdohv aijd he hoped ithat tnp Jresplutions whioh would be passed thisday . wpuldjiot be allowed to be pa ? sed . jw tt / ipad , letter , ; but , w 6 uld be acted upon so as to con \ ince , their enemies that they tyere wl earnest . ( G > u | inuecl ^^ cheering . )

      1 he Rev ; J ^ R . Stephens was then called upon M second the reSoIutioD , and was received with enthnsiasiifi ; cheering , ^ yhich was prolonged for a consid ^ rably , tiiae . ^ fter addressing , the chairman , he said , that that nleeting should be hifl only speech , a ^ d ¦¦ : tbat ' . people' hw ; only and . his all-sufficient arguineijt . He asked why such a sight before hima sight , the like Cf whicli the world had never yet beheld- ' -bfi asked what .-it was that made this miahty niovement of the masses of the people of England ? ( Hear ^ hear . ) He asked what it was that eeemed to shake England to her centre , iand brought her sons together in such a mighty assembly ? Ttiem must be something greatly wrong , why those hundred * of thouHands had come there to right or see

      nghte . Mor thein , ere they quitted the field into w hivh they , bad turned out in their mighty strength , and where they were determined to stand and light ihe battle until , victory , sat upon their banners , and peace aud plenty was found reposing upon their hearths . ( Cheerti . ) They were to tell all tiose who bad bit : erttii withstood them , and trifled with them aud affected tp despise and ^ scorn them—they were thc-re to tell their toes through the land that they were mighty , ; because they knew their rights , and had the power as well as the will to obtain them . ( Cheers ^ The principle of tse Resolution , therefore . wlHch be bad risen to speakto , was a urincipje which every man was obliged tp acknowledge iii Hrgiuueut , though he affected to disrrgard it , —she

      principle which acknowledged the rigbt of . every eiian that , breathed Qp d ' s iree air and trod Gxxi ' s free earth , to have his home and his hearth , and hs wife and his ch 1 Jren , as securely , guaranteed to him fis of any other man whom the Aristocrary hiutcreated . CCheers . ) This questiori of Umvers il Suffrajje vva ^ j ; a . knife aiid forlc question atti-r all ; ihi * quHstibn wiva * breiid and cheese question , notwithstanding all that ; had been said against it ; and if juiy man asked him what be , meant by Uuiv ^ r .-al Suffni ^ e , he SVouldansvirer , that every working man i . u .-tiie- hind ; bad a right to huye . a go d cpat to hirt bick , , a oiufortable abode i , n which to shelter biinsi-lt " . aiid hi" family , a good dinner upon bis table , jiyd no more work than was iHece . « siiTy for keeping him in h alth , and as much Wiiges for thivt

      work as would keep ; him Jn plenty , mill afford j , im tbe ttujoyment of all the blessings of lite ; which a reasonable niiin could desire . ( TremeriJous cheers . ) The question of Umversal Suffrage presupjiosed another question . The first point in nil governments was not so miich a question by whom the laws were- to be niade , as it was the kind of laws wbicb were made by those , be thny who they may , t « whom the imiking of tbpse laws was entrusted . ' i here conld . be iio doubt whatever that every man in Etigl liiii of full age , c f right' mind and of unbKmished h'fe , had the same right to come where liM iieighbonrH cairie , to speak where his neighbours spoke , to hold up his hand for the stime things for * hick lii « neighbours held up their hands , and being

      a portiiiu either of the ranjority , or the ininority ?—) 1 of the majority , to decide and determine , and if ol tbujuinority , to acquiesce peacenbly and loyally in the decision . There could be no ptjier principle ot gowriimeut or law . If any other principle were suppds ^ d , the pt'ople were at oiice released from tlieir allegiance , which they only swear to pay on condition of ' . heir being fairly represented and ri ^ ht-oii . sly governed —[ loud cheersj- ^ and by th 6 s « laws permitted to live in security aiid peace . It had ot-en said ; that there were men 'that would wish to disract their rniiida and lead them off irom the accomplislimi'iit of this mighty object . If there were such men in-tlje land , ho knew them not , but if there were , they weie not men with whom lie held

      any fellowship . ' " [ Cbeers > l The principle of Universal Suffrage was one which tens of thousands k ' l . tew had ever been dear to his heart , and one which tier would continue to advocute aiid disseminate tp the utmost ot bis po we ? . { GheeM . ] The repeal of the New ; Poor Luw wonld be far from hindering this movement ; on the contrary , it worild greatly accelerate its progn'ss . IContinued cheeiihg . j 'i ' he . people ; . of Lancashire and of Yorkshire , and of Eughuid , Would never allow their leelings for the repeal of the New Poor Luw to «* tep in between their race with the rest of their countrymen ,, which they vrVre rujming there on that occasion , but they wer « dett'ruiined to come in at puce to the goal , and ouUiju that power which , wheu once possessed .

      woulJ suable them irawliediately to repeal it , and ' every ' -other bad law in existence . He wondered that any man shoiild dream of the repeal of the New Poor Luvv beiiig the means of retarding the movement which , the . people w-ere now so unanimously umkiug . ( . H'e'h ' r , hear . ) The people . of England had made up their minds that whether Parliament repealed the New Poor Law or iiot , it should be repealed ile Juclu , $ 0 , $ the Parliament should be left , it they liked it , to repeal it < lejurc \ aii'd if they likM it notyttiepeople would repeal it themselves . " ( Loud clieers . ) They had acted nobly at-Oldham , and at Asbton ; they bad made up their minds , and he repeated it there that there might bo no possibility of .. mistake , whether thfiv had the suffrage or

      notwlunher they could obtain it or not , they had it in tbvir power ; to repeal the New Poor Law , because they could prevent it from coming into operation at all . ( Loud cbeers . ) He stood belore them as the apostle of an armed reBistonce—as a mau who bad thought it hifi duty , without wishing to implicate any other man , — -as a man who had told them that the . same right by wbicKthey ought to possess the siittrageV . guye . th . em also the right 61 : being in possession otaruis for their self-defence . ( Loud cheers . ) He should not have mentioned . this but for one circumstance . He was speaking to h ^ s ' liiids ' . of men ,-three out of evi ry foiirof whom had lei ' t tbl-ir arms at home . But had they left them l ) Hc ; ius «? th ^ y were afraid and top cowardly ? No .

      Why had they Ion their arms at home ? To Ins Knowledge , innnybuhdredHot ' . them--yea , thousands of thetii v htul dont ; so , and the only reason why they had lett them at home was that the ' Bbroughreeve and cbiistubie oj Manchester had declared to the stewards that ibev reposed tbembstunlimitedconfidenceiu the jjrnueHl . lid aiid loyal character ot the people . ( Loud clieers ) _ They had declared thut when the men of Lancashire came together , they needed no troops , tor evOry man was a warrior . ( Cheers . ) There wi « re nn ' poliCfrrit'n on that ground on that occasion , save what had been thought needful to pre . « erve tbe pockets of . any gentleman that might have ' anything b » spare , and that they might think it was right for them to appropriate to their own use . ( Cheers and

      lit ' ughter ' i ) It gave the lie to all . the trash and ribulury , and abuse , which had been heaped by the Londou ' . ' jires ' s upon liichardsonv for telling the meeting at that place that there wbuldbe three hundre-d thousand pepple on the RIanchester Race Course oil that day , two hundred thous / iiid ' of whom would lie fit iobea . r arms . : It gave the lie to all the iibuMii that hiid been heaped upon hiraself aud Uastler , and Q'Cohuor , for in the very- hot-bed ol ibeir physical force . - agitation , the magistrates had declared * that there was no need for policemen , infantry , cavalry , or arUUery , for eve y man ' s purse ! was bis policeman , and every man's jacket was his lock-up . ; ( Cheer *! and laughter . ) it was clear , however , tliat the searching time waa at hand y as

      f . pni the tpu . e of the London press , itWas plain that they were already begiiining to fear the con . Sequences : of their folly ., Because he aud Uastbr hud ^ hown tlie New * Poor Law to be no law at all , and becadoe he had shown Parliament , in consequence ot passitig that law , to be a det ' uncD Parliauiebty and the people to be released Irom their allegiaucejiu consequence pf attempts made to force a ; law ; . up » wi them , because , they ; bad raught those holy-. truthsiuid those constitutional doctrines from ti > e highest legal authorities ' England Containedb . cau > e they had continued slertdfcat arid unfliucki ing , he found from a part pt' the press that there was to be a conspiracy , and a union of the influence

      and power of all -parties > was to be effected to put d . » wu t ) aBtler , iiud ;^ Stephens , i and ^^ . O'Gouuor , and A-ttNvoodjiuid lueldenvaudtsverymanwho dared to tell the people that they ought to be free , aud that they s / itfiild be free ^ or , that they would go to the buttle tield with thein , and t at there they would Kght it out . ( Treiuendous cheers . ) If the borougbreeve and constAble of ManctieBter had not made that declaratuiu which they had made , if the ^ ag ^ 'rates and legal > authorities of that district had hot given thtfppUc ^ iuto : the 1 command of . flie' inartfhans of tbatmwtiug , an 4 assured themfthat uo demoustrn-• tipu of auy autagouiiitic kind should have been , made on tbatoccasion , he would have come iiimielt armed

      Untitled Article

      to that aaeeting , and would £ ave brdngh : t : . ten thousand armed men with bitn ; ¦ anSy fcad - ^ iera been any resistance , he wotild there have moved an adjournment of the people of South Lancashire to that day month , and wpuld have exhorted every man capable of using , arms to flock ; to \ iU' stand ard *^ and tignt the battle of the constitution .,.- ( Tremendous cheering . ) , He > begged they would not mistake him He was not ; a man of war ; he yf ^ - pjt ^ ewdey ^ proclaimed peace qn earth , and endeavoured to prPmote i . tpl } e . ; pri } . claim he endeavpured to increa > e it . ' ¦ ¦ : ~ Bui he' did ' sif that the' men , and women , and childreri of England hadt a right to dive freely at their pWn house , and without having to walk under a lock and key , and a right to

      have niia their power if they chose to com « ' to tiiat . meeting . ; ( Heajyhear , and , ^ long-continued cheers- ) Their meeting < would have beeii twica as numerous as it was * ana twice as trejnendpftk ^ for it s display of mora ^ . power aad .. physical force , bad jiojt ;; the cpttpo interest in tljat district ^^ conspired to a great exten ^ with ^ the inagters ; of-the ^^ tradesjto , prevent their workmen from being there . T" Yes , ye ^ t ^ at ' . s tru ^ f ' - JrornSeveralvPices . ) Npw ,, thfe Universal Suffrage which he teanted was that knowledge in tnff mind , that principle in the heart , ' that power iii the cbnscieuce , and that stalwart strength in thefright arm , that ; would-enable the working man -fo meet his master , andtstond boldly , and upright appnrhis ' ,-fe . et , ' without the brand-mark of a bondsman upon his

      brow ,. and wnthout the blush of Hhame aiid of slavery upon hi « cheek . fl ' remendPus cheers . ) Hewanted to see the working man nis . free , in the mill as in the wilderness —( hear ,, and 'loud , cheers)—as free spoken when he goes to take his wages from , his employer as when he goes tospend a part of them witli his companions . [ Loud cheers . ] He wanted to see every man so free that he would say what he thought arid do what he knew to be right , in ao doin ^ taking care that he injured ho one else , and deteriorates the property of no one else . [ Load . cheeis . ] . ' He should not much farther occupy their tim ^ as they wer * doubtless waiting with .: the inpst fervent anxiety to hear the other , gentlemen who . were about to address them . He doubted not

      that they were waiting with a thrill of anxiety to hear , mark , learn , and digest the knowledge , the wisdom , and the fervid eloquence which would be given them by the succeeding speakers . [ Loud cr ies of go on , go on ;] He-would go oh at another tinie . In beholding that mighty mass of living , moving , ethereal spiri ;—in beholding that sea of beads , and that ocean of intellect—in beholding that patriotism of religious oetermiriation- ~ ih . beholdis . g thut ^ reat enthering of the manhood , womanhood , and childhood of Lancashire , the chairman held in his baud the fulcrum . —no it . was the leverage , by which to iu «» ve all the monsters of oppression and opposition which had hitherto stood between them and their object . [ Loud cheers . ]

      Ihe people of England were , not a disaffected people . They were not gone mud to day with ; a vi-iouary dream , or some impracticable object which no one (• nows how it came or ior what purpose it is to be used . Tb > y bad nut ' co ' ine . to speculate , or to speak , or to hear speeches . This was the South Lancashire demonstration ; every man was a ' speech ; every town was an eloquent hitrrangue ; the whole muss was an irresistible argument ; tor where there was truth in ' the mind nnd course in the heart , where there were so many patriotic followers in the cause of lil . erty , they la 1 aii earnest of the coming realization : the people had taken the first iu

      ste ^ the onward mnrcb of liber ty , and that march would onl y be-terminated ii * the ample enjoyment of x-ictory . ( Louddietrs . ) fcluglishiutm were notdisloya 1 , but . they would havu tiieir own hearth and home to themselves , and peace nud plenty when they arrived there . ( 'Continued cheers . *) ' He thanked them for having ti .-tened to him-so patiently , and s « -con « led tlie resolution' which they had entrusted to his charge assuriua them that he would do so witih heart and soul and arm , —( cheers )—as far as he cimld , andris far as they could witti- him , if they did so , and they would ultimately carry the People ' s Charter . Mr . Stephens concluded amidst deafening cheers . ¦ ¦'•' - . ' ¦

      Mr . O'Connor was then introduced to the , meeting and was received with a tr mendous burst of applause which wn ^ iVequeutly repented , the immense multitude wayiug tlieir hats nud afterwards clapping their bunds for a consiiierable time . He addressed the meeting in an effective speech , which was loudly cheerwd .. He said that the innn « ho could stand upon that sppt without being excited ; ought not to be an Jrishinan , ( Lau » bter . ) He stood there as the representHtive of that to- ' * --h , - where , royalty usually resides . I twiis not yet torty-eigbthours * ince he was addressing the Radicals ot Brighton , under the very nose of the Queen , aiirt he did not discover ihVthose ItiidicaU auy hostility to that Qiieeu , or any desire to limit the . : prerogative ' s , of thatQueeu , but to remove

      all the corrupt inilueiice thatstool in the way of the people aud the monarch . ( Cheers . ) He had been deputed by those men to represent them at . that meeting , and if be felt so much pleasure at meeting so many hunJreJs of thoutauds , what must be Ms delight when he saw the best of patriots presiding over that meistinp , and giving utterance to those delightful Hentiments which he had heard that day . ( Hwar , hear . ) When he saw ou « of the ; largest manufacturers of England endeavouring to divert the attention of the peouie Irom tliH chip traps of the day to the greatest of all imuortaut politicaL queHtipns , and . more especiully Irom that of the speculating money Aristocracy by which they led the people to suppose they would hiiye cheat * bvead that tk ^ v

      nngbt have cheap labour also —( chueH)—hia experienced a degree ol pleasure which w as inexpressible . ( Hear . ) When be looked around him and saw . the hundreds of thousands ttiat were congregated on that spot to demand tiieir common rights , he ' could not avoid consoling himself with the consideration that he had not toiled for nothing . ltw >» s Universal Suffrage ; which , w bile , others Were either absentfrom them or squabbling about mere matters of form , had been his dreams by night aud his thoughts bv day " - He had stood by Universal Suffrage and why ? Wasit because he was a man of blood ? No ; but because be looked upon Universal Suffrage as the only principle that could stop tho effusion of blood . Air . Fielclen had told them that immediately attei the peace , all the

      discord aud contusion that occurred throughout the land was thu consequence of the want of tb ° at representation , which deprived the people of the ' power of arrusting the progress pf-tlio > e lalsn measures of political economy , which were therrioreimmediate causes of all the distress and di » satisfactioivwliich afterwards followed . By the war , an amazing debt was incurred , and at its close , the aristocracy must needs set about devising some plan whereby to remove the burthen from Their own shoulders , and place it upon the vshoulders of the people . This they effected in the first 'instance for the . landlord iii the Corn Bill , because they were enfranchised , and the case of the inoneymongers wasnot allowed to go ph long withoutbeiu' ; duly-eiitertuiut-d . Then they got Peel- s

      fsul in 181 SJ for altering the . currency ; but the people ; instead ol" being able to . appeal to . the Hpusn of Commons witb tbat degree , of contident ' expectatioh which tht-ir importance in wjci . eiy' might naturallv lead them to indulge , were obliged to boyr " submi 8-, sively to two or three nincompoojj ^ handloom weaving commissiouers —( cheers)—or pluce-hunters of-the same cla > s . Their cause , however ; was ,: the ^ cause ot millions , who made thevinjinufacturers ahd the landlords rich by their toil , whilc they were not able to consume ouh fourth ot" what they ou ^ 'ht to consuihe of their own pioductr . ( Hear , hear . ) . But their cause was not yet tiue for bednujr . VVere they represented in-the present House-ot Commons ? No . i'hey never would be represented until every man

      was entrusted with that which nature imprinted ' upon the breast of every man—the power of selfaefeiice . That power was reposed in the vote of every individual ^ ¦ and , while he counselled ¦ them agrtiii ? t any demonstratipu oi" phvnlcai forces there was a moral puwHr exwiing in the people , which , it attempted to be resisteil , would beIturned in spite of all that be aUd ; all the Irieudsbfpeaceiul agitation could say , into physical force ; becaase : the people knew that they bad borne oppression top long and too tamely , ( Cheers . ) What did they geek , to attain by Universal Suffraije ? -Was it . to rob- the rich that they mijiht hand < . ver their : " ' possessions to tV . e poor ? Was it ' to render lile and property less secure than it was under the present system of

      middle class representation ? ( Hear ; heat , and loud cheers . ) No ; it was to render life and property more secure tliau it had hitbertobeeh , and still more secure than- it was possible for it to be under the present system of misgoveTiiment . What was it , he asknd , that they . sought- to accomplish by Universal SuffrageX Was it not protection against the iguorance of those who were seut tberetpreprescnt the wants and wishes ofthe uatiou , and who "were yet only the representatives of bricks aud mortar . The Members of tUti House of Commons ; as at present constituted , were a set of kuight-errahtg ' returhedby reason of uotious of ianta > tic chivalry yrbich wefe re-echoed through the kingdom by the cry of . " The Queeu and Reform . " The- last coutesf wai * Uterally " acontest of the Queen againstthe ^^ D | ikepf Cumberr latidJ But were the people to obtain a House bf Ctmimbud on the priuciple of Universal R *» presefltation , what would they do witli it ? Thev would

      take care that a 11 the taxes should IVill , and then he would engage that ttiey would 'all very / lightly upon the Aristocracy oi the country ; and- tnfet . tatfstip ' fi ' , ^ n wbatever form it might be imposed , should only be commensurate with the exigencies of the atate . When men taxed others they were generally bountilul ; but if the people taxed themseiyesi instead pf having , as now , * o large au srihy iu times of peace * swallowing up their resourcei 1 , only to ke ^ P them in , more firm subjection , every inau would become ja soldier ^ and woul d be rea ^ Jy to spend hislast energies ¦ f or ; - . the ; ' detence-of biscouutry ; instead of hjav ^ hg , as now , a State Church walloyrihg ih comip ' tidn and worshiping at tbeshrine of Mammon , we should have ewry man contributing ; by the voluhtary ' principleC-to the maintenahcis of those religious pn ^ icies which-might be most accordant ;< wHh l ~ the teachings of his own conscience ., ; Sucbwere some Pf rbe things whicb . Universal Suffrage , Iroulil pri * cure for the people . There vfere some ; , that would

      Untitled Article

      ISSK ^^^^ - ^^ tion ^ S . Saffirage lp a vanevy » f other ' question * that * £ ? of Jfree irade 1 . Dr . ^ Bownng had saidthavit- wl ^ ^ t 8 haine th ^ iiMto 9 nonia n «* be , all 6 ^ mm of . the cdebrate ^ obserVation ol Borne S whp ; vwhen about to be -put upon Mfl trial ; wlS tbatont ^ f ainry of ift ^ ersohsJie iSc SS trade gentlemen seemed not tobe aware- tuaTlittt ! SpnDg Rice , the great shopkeeper of , EneW S the . greatpetoftheWMgsaretVhtth ^ SAp ?*

      excise npon . every article of iereigi commerc ^ ¦ * $ the taveaters put another : « p ^ : itSg gar , he ^ ^ a cheers , ) Tl ^ ltteoriesi ^ fine , ^ and ; sometimes : ^ e ry osefol in aSS a gentleinairtp obtain ; a « eat > the House ofW ™ . r : Put -before we consented to-be amasedS wU ^ free ; tra aVat home ? letni separate theoclmrcj ironvthe jtate ; pndwhenpneethe ^ people of S iS * ^ ade one constitntional Amily , 4 ey ' ¦ wonld ihe ^ tate , a « d ; would rush to tl » e cry of "VTae stafe ' i m danger , " w , thmore a ^ rity an ^ rea ^ inessS ff 7 5 v ® mel i ? ena ^^ 9 e 8 -who fight for pay £ oud cheersO : lt- . m . been said that 4 e Li < £%

      tee working clawes was vflevef so complete as ^ at ff ^ P ^ V ™? ¦ lM conntry was * tiU - a beggar ak England ' s door , and it was acotmtry thatwas" st ill m subjection to state parsphs . ( Hear ) Tier were sUll without the co-operatipn of those braro and independent Irishmen , whose ancestors had waded to the knees in blood for the defence of their religion and their God . . They mnst have them they i must deliver them from the Uon ' s den , anl eave . Pamelin the den alone . ( Loud cheers , and laughter . ) ; They must no longer have their Trades ' Unions suppressed * without giving ! them an equivalent . ( Cheers . ) Why did he see thebanner * of + K *

      1 rades Unions there ? An attempt was now beihe made to break up the unions of Ireland ; ; and there cpnld be no doiibt that when successful , as it ijh--doubtedly ^ would be , the rule- would be applied to England also . ( A voice , " we woh ' tliave it . " ) imvbowever , . only proved to ! him that men would be satisfied with any thing reasonable —( hear hear , hear ) --without the tronble of looking " to politics fortbeir protection .-- ( Cheers . ) Mr . Fieldea had related to them something of the press , and more particularly of the Chronicle and the 2 Vwe * He would give them the sentimenfa of the Standard That paper claimed to itself thejiower of judging " -of the ampuhtpf a meeting . The Editor had said that he was the hrst to establish that five persons could stand

      . upon a square yard . Now he would count themhy his proportion and the y would see what would be the aggregate of their jnumber , as there were when he came down to the hustings fall eightr acres or full grown men and : women . ( Cheers ) What did the Standard ' say ? If he was looking for an argument on which to base the right of Ub ^ versal Suffrage , he would take up > the Standard ol laesdaylast , and would say that he ( the Editor of the Standard ) had accomplished more than he ( Mr O'Connor , ) with all his agitation , had been able to accomplish for the people . ( Cheers . ) In some statistics published in the Standard , it was stated that there were in London ,, 100 , 000 ! persons , who , when they rose from ; their beds in tie morning , did not know where they were tolget their

      breakfast , or where they should again repbse ttiemselyes at evpning ! [ Sbame , sliame . ] Was that a ^ vt »^ P S t a -corotoy I ®** this ? [ No , nol Gibbon M akeheld had subsequently ^ stated that oni of that number not less than 50 , 000 lived by picking pockets . [ Hear , hear . ] : ] But what made , tliem pick pockets ? ( Hear , hear ,: and loud cheering . ) vv as it not because the rich had picked . their pocketi first ? ( Continued cheers . ) Ought they nbt , then , to umte ^ themselves together not only to save tuem selves , but also to save from perdition both' the factions , who were thus leading the people into crime . [ Cheers . ] - To accomplish this , they must have the Irish people with them to a maii ; [ Hear ? What it that their

      was . proved - ; present movemeDt was a great movement ? Simpl y that O'Connell was obliged to dread it . ( Cheers . ) lie had said to the n = ople of Ireland , "We will h 6 t have the Engbsh Radicals with us . " He dreaded the English Radicals , because they would circumvent him iii his ^ l object ; and for that reason he had declared them to be opposed to the demands of the people of Ireland . It wasall very well for'a man iwho was receiviag £ " 20 ^ 0 H 0 a-year from the pennies of the sturviiig Irish , to declaim against the payment of Memben of Parliament , Cbeers , ) : But ) the people of Ire land were with thein to a man , They were only curbed by the sameinfernal Power that hadcnrhpS

      the people of England—the press ;—( cheers)—and if there wa 3 one power more to be dreaded and condemned for this powerful agitation which was oof going forsvard , it was that press Which , had withheld the voice of the pepple from the ear of their sovereign . ( Loud cheers . ) It fas not the people who were to . blame . ( Hear , hear . ) What were they asking for ? And what had the Whigs dono to prevent this agitation ? Thelpe ' ople of Birmui » . bam ha d taken the Whigs at their word to further the interests of the nation ; the people had no affefr . tion for the Whigs , but those very Whigs had era since lived upon Tory hatred and neglect of fie people ' s- rights ;^ ( Hear an ( i cheers . ) They passed for he

      me coercion Bill for Ireland ^ which : tod sworn eternal hatred to them . ( Cheers ;) It appeared tdliim that men who *' - for seven years , had acted corruptly , would not think it a breach of do ^ to do so again . ( Hear . ) Thevj had not passed aa ; act ^ which , the pepple ought not to View With " siipicipn and disgtfst ; ( Very loud cheers . ) He tad travelled 280 miles to attend that meeting ^ chepn ) andhe could say with truth , that the bight of tW assembly amply repaid him for tall hi *' exertion aid anxiety . ( pheers >) ¦ :- As ; he had constituted ie great meeting aj : Birmingham a -virtudns jnrf for the trial pf the Whig ^ V 60 would he do ¦ with the meeting pf . that day . ¦ He would ask- every man who believed the Whigs guilty of treason against the for

      people the last seven years , to hold up his band . ( Loud cheers , and every hand was held up ^ prcsftbting a scene whicli > vas literally beyond description . Perhaps never , bn any occasioff , -was there smcSs splendid exhibition ;) He not ionly represented tie meeting at BrightPrij but : he ' also represented the Democratic Association , of- London ; 'He wa the representative , tpo ^ i-of tbe ^ south pf England , and ' of many thousands of themenpfrtheiiorth . fdieas . ) In the north , they were united ; as one many a ^ $ they stopped short now of obtaining their politic ! rights , it would be /' -th ' eiir bwh faults ; ' ( Cheers . ) * »'» man could haveheard the ' speeches which nad bMo delivered oh those hustings : without being conririiW : that succe !* s was'within theirreach . . ^ Clieerp . ^ W tiiem , then , go on witli their moral force , determinei

      to use it to . tbp last , " ahd . the- - result would b f * accordance with tli& ^ claration whi ch was tnade by- Sir Johu Gam Hobhoiise ,: when ; fhre * ff a *> Whig out of power , but looking for power . Sir John Hobhouse then' said- rekpecting > irel 8 nd tbat . theymightlet the grievances of which the people of Ireland complainedicontinue , provided they fep ' ahangman wifba haltti ^ oF . asoldierwitliliisbayoK " at the back of ^ ^ everyJrishmanjbutthe whole * rm ® of Europe would iiot be sufficient-to . place ; affi 2 ii with a bayonet behind ¦ the back of every iaa&-& Lancashire , who was 'defermined to have a redrew of the grievance ^ of the people * [ Very lpn'd , chetfil Let them recollect that- they were now the ; virt < " 2 i bob

      governors ot the country—{ cheers ] -for tne - elective influence had broken dpwn the assumpto i " of power of , the present ' . House o £ Gomiaoii !? , ' " wtaw yt ' tLS returned by no more than-27 , 000 of-a majoo * T of Uie Whigs . tVery loud ^ ! cheers ^] ^ Tiierefo" ^ ' ; was they > vho governed t the \ yhigs , anaToriei . rf "" " ^ AeAvorM that was in arms against them . [ Glj ^ - They ^ cared llpt ; fbr ^ . the-Wags ^^ for af ^ hey ^ reW muster all the forQeij against -them that it was . r ^ sible for them to muster , they could not covet pw littlehill . - [ Mr > O ? CennPr pointing to a hfl ! . ] - ^ theii : hadiiothing to tear with respect to tUe inse 1 ^ forlheif strength w ^ s iu their Union , fieir ; P (" * was : in their voice , and . theirsuccess , wad i " ^ perseyfirahce . [ Loud pheers . ] - If any man hw ' right ; to be proud of that meetiug , it w ;« he-r- | chm for he had spent thousands of pounds and ti » y # ff 1

      hundred ^ . of thousands of . miles in tlisir-cM ^ [ very-loud ^ cheers ;^ ;' andScries of " you have'll rT ^ to-morrovf ho was to leave , this life , he ' vrouliiWR that the loss pf " one man . would now scarcely wj % in a cause , to promote ^^ . whicp , there was uo *?^ a general determination ,. aided by theiucreai » P * t ever increasing intelligence and power of . ' the ' IW ' [ Much cheering . ] He tf ^ anked them for . tl **^ tion with which they had . heard him .. ; He . w «* r they would not be , . diverted lrpni tbeir great o ' r by the agitation oitthe Corn Law ? , 0 r by any . <* °£ tion 61 " deital ; they shpuM strenuously exert ti" ^ selves . td achieve thtdr , grekt objecti ; and .-a * a 6 . ^ cojnineaced the battle for freedom with thPfflt ' j ' were the force with , whicli hewould tight that ^ if . necessaryj to the death . ; . [ The speech »» ^ O'Connor was responded ; to by thenapst enthnsi *** cheering , waving of hats , and clapping of haaii-J

      Dr . Firto ^ ilpytori , mored the ; nest J ^ lutipn .: ¦;¦; He remaried that the subject o 1 ' --j meeting was on ' e ^ with which all were s > ?[ i acquainted and upon which so much nad been" ^ thai it was unnecessary for hiin . to trespa *!*^ npontheir attention :: He * congratulated ¦ -th'SpjS " - the ; uiaparalleled -asi-embled and deeply ; '¦ & ? $ & that ever tbey sHould have had Pcca ^ ioh to l ** L thepTjrppse iorwhich'they Were ^^ metthat day > > K had Men a most ; decided taiitire on the W } 0 ^ Whigs in carrying out '• -the principle of the Vff % Bill . tHea ^ he ^ . ) Theyliadbeen , triedfj *^ years and ^ e : result' was ' " that tb >; P" ™^ npon' " wliich' they } ait came info office b ^' ^ j ; abandooed , and' that so as to destroy : every UP *^ tbe way of hoping even against hope . He ¦¦ ca rv % be said this more ineorrow than in anger ;*

      Untitled Article

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 29, 1838, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1025/page/6/