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Northern Star (1837-1852), 22nd November 1845, Edition 4 of 4, Page unpag, cordially thanked them for proposing suc...

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      Thmland

      THMlAND

      To The Working Classes. Uy Vert Dear Fki...

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES . Uy vert dear _Fkieiois , — -Many and many a time haveluadserious cause to complain of your indifference . It has frequently occurred that- circumstances have come so thick upon yoa all at once , and not being able to see your way , you have charged me and otherswith short-sightedness injaot having taken the precautionary steps necessary to meet them . In

      a thousand instances of wis kind I hare been compelled to repel the cliarge of want of precaution or foresight , by directing your attention to the feet that © or want of preparedness arose from your indifference , and not from your leaders' want bf precaution . Upon reconsideration you have frequentl y found that I have been for years preparing you for the advent of those circumstances ; but yoa were deaf to my teaching , indifferent to my exhortations , and _^ regardless of my advice . !

      It is a very thankless , but I trust not a hopeless task , to endeavour to associate the working classesof a whole nation , and to make them of one common mind , to be used for one common purpose . Having said so much by way of comment on the past , I shall now apply my criticism to the present , in the hope that it may tend to better future results . If I am tedious , and recapitulate what Ihave stated scores of times before ; lay the blame to your own indifference , inaptness to learn , or forcetfulness of what yoa have

      heen taught - , rather than to my love of repetition or prolixity . The Land Plan , as a means of creating an entirely new and _kdh-jekdext glass of labourers , has been my study for years , my dream by night , my thought by day , and my hope at all times . I have become so fond of it , that . I . may be led into captiousness or anger while discussing it ; but , nevertheless , I trust that through the childish pre dilection of the parent you will see a paternal care manifested for the offspring .

      I say that ray object in tbe outset was to ; establish _znitidepeRdcft c _^ __ _q _/ _-Joooth- _^; and as inaay at _? tempts have feen _^ made by letter , speech , and resolution _, to thwart this my primary object , it shall be the head that I will now discuss . Parties who are wholly ignorant of the value of the Land , and of its capabilities , are made to say that they see , in these small allotments of two acres , a dread lest the English occupants of that amount should be reduced to Irish serfdom , and many good , but shortsighted people require either that the allotments should be larger , or that tliose of two acres should be purchased contiguous to a maaafactanng town , so that thereby the

      occupant may play the double part ofa manufacturing and agricultural labourer . Now this would at once entat the very root of the principle ; and , sofarfrom its practical working having the effect of removing tiie surplus hands from the artificial labour market , it would have tiie diametrically opposite effect . I have always warred against man's instincts , which , if not subdued by protective mildness , may be thwarted into competitive injustice . Selfishness is fhe characteristic of man . It is more than habitmore than propensity—more than custom—and can he only governed by the circumstances in wliich he is placed . If , then , we take a town having 5 , 000 of a

      manufacturing population , 1 , 000 of which is a competitive surplus , rendered competitive by circumstances over which they have no control , and if we locate that 1 , 000 upon allotments so conti guous to tiie artificial labour market as to enable them to compete when they pleased with their former associates , I have no guarantee , you have no guarantee , those for the moment relieved of their competition have no guarantee , that they may not , if engaged in the double pursuit of agriculture and manufactures , still continue as a portion ofthe competitive

      powernay , as its worst section—and that it may not , as opportunity offers and circumstances press , be converted into a controlling power . Men who have nothing to rely npon bnt their day ' s wages , possess ¦ within themselves all the -elements of combination , and all the materials necessary for resisting their masters' aggressions . - Do we not every day see that the boldest spirits hrave death itself in defence of their order . Have we not witnessed thousands bearing starvation without a murmur , rather than break the natural code that hinds them to their

      brotherhood ? If , npon the other hand , 1 , 000 men , or any large portion of them , , relieved fr _» m all apprehension of want , and released from all the conditions of cor » federacy , should at any time feel disposed to devote a portion of what they may term their leisure hours io artificial labour , they would , from their circumstances , be the most obstinate , uncontrollable * ., and deadly enemies ofthe artificial labouring class . My object has heen to establish a class , every man of which will have tiie power to arrive at a thorough knowledge of the value of his own labour , with the conviction that the artificial scale should then be

      raised to the natural standard ; and that , if the agricultural labourer prefers the artificial market , he will have a standard by which he will be enabled io judge of his value . I have always made what struck me to he the proper distinction between small farms ' and allotments . The allotments I have shown to be merely necessary , and may be very small , say the eighth of an acre , for growing vegetables and flowers , and affording amusement to the families of those who are otherwise employed , while I have shown that the only amount of Land that can he valuable to a man who performs no other labour , is jnst that quantity which he can conveniently

      cultivate . If he has more than he can cultivate , he pays rent for what he does not require . If he has less , he is deficient ] of ] the means of developing the fall value ofhis whole labour . The great question , then , was to agree upon the proper _amaunt ; and I stated that no man , with ihe aid of three or four well-grown children , could cultivate even so much as two acres to tiie highest advantage . Some persons , however , with capacious notions , and without a particle of practical knowledge npon the subject , lay it down that a man and his family could not exist upon two acres of ground ; and straightway a new principle , a very dangerous principle , is sought to be introduced—tiie principle of establishing a kind of hermaphrodite society of half agricultural labourers and half manufactur ing slaves . I never dreamt that all at once the

      occupants of a single district , contiguous to a manufacturing labour market , would betake tbemselves , as If by magic , to an agricultural life ; bnt I was convinced thatthe charm of that simple state presents so many nnraistakeable comforts , that , hy degrees , they would be weaned from that which entailed the greatest drudgery , the greatest dependence , the greatest uncertainty , and the greatest amount of servility . _Notwithstanding my reliance upon this charm , however , I still feel assured , that this novel nnderiakuigmustbe entered npon with as few _inducements to complete , and as many to emulate , as possible . We must not admit the principle that we are going to establish an association ofthis heterogeneous kind , because the very belief that the double _reseonrce is necessary , will lead to non-reliance npon that which of itself is abundant .

      like tiie factions , however , plenty , two striBgs to your bow and a choice of markets , is a good " _cav , " and faction thrives better npon a good " cry" than upon the best principle . I am provoked to make those remarks in consequence of a speech delivered hy apersonwhomlmnstpresumetobea shareholder , at the meeting held on Sunday week last at Dewsbury , and the resolutions emanating from which were published inlast Saturday's Star . Tins gentleman appears to me to have had ample reasons for not becoming a shareholder , and , perhaps , as ample reasons for now discovering the awkwardness ofhis position , and in another speech , or in J a comment on all the speeches , there are so many straw-men

      knocked down hy this one man of steel , that we were forcibly reminded of poor Jfr . Bradshaw , and hia opponent Mr . Smith , in " Chambers' Employer andEmp ioyed . " If the society was ukcoxdiiioxaixt io give £ 15 IGs . 8 . 1 . to each member as he was located , the society wonld then be very foolish , and the realisation would be very problematical indeed . If tke society wore to exonerate all ite located members from all consideration of those not located , the society would be anything but paternal . If the society was to una ertaie to divide £ 37 , 000 amongst the 2 , 000 original members , the society may not te enabled to perform it , and so far the society would faU ! and all this too _fromanjuu-rnuBt best .

      To The Working Classes. Uy Vert Dear Fki...

      We are not let into the secret whether the matter to which I now allude was delivered to the meeting in a speech , or whether it was _stkdlt sent by way of comment on all the speechesr-but this much I do know , - that it savours very strongly indeed of existing difficulties with which the forthcoming Conference will have no difficulty whatever in dealing . Difficulties which I and my brother directors have considered over and over again , and difficulties , the facility of correcting whieh Ihave explained to more than oss philosopher . But , perhaps , it was thought more prudent to comment upon thera before they were corrected .

      In this very egotistical and very inconclusive commentary , we are told that the rent of £ 5 a-year for what the society proposes to give , and will give , is a mere arbitrary rent—a high rent—the apportioning ofwhich will have anything hut a salutary effect upon the sale of the Land , because it will be burdened by cottages and population . In passing , 71 here - ' repeat my old assertion , that 2 , 000 men in England will not , as individuals , get what the society proposes to give them , andwni _, give to them , for _JE 10 a-jy «« r . Those gentlemen , who would so spitefully nibble at the details of this Land Plan , appear to lose sight altogether of the following facts ' : — - . ' ¦ . '" Firstly , that it breaks' through the law of primogeniture . . '' . ' 77 ; '" 7 _'¦*'" - ' * 7-

      -- / Secondly , thatitbnngg the-Land from the whole sale mto the retail market , and thereby makes it available to individual purposes , by giving each man the exact quantity he requires for the exercise of free labour . Thirdly , that without co-operation it could not be doneatall , and Fourthly , and above all , for reasons that I have assigned before , neither landlords , manufacturers , capitalists , nor Government , will undertake to forward the principle of sub-dividing the Land for the purposes of free labour .

      Now , my friends , apart from any opposing doctrine , I submit to you the following simple principle for yonr consideration : —Land is the thing that produces everything upon whieh you live , and which gives-you every comfort you enjoy . The withold ing of the Land from you hitherto has subjected your wages to that capricious scale bj which capitalists would measure it . The Land is a thing daily purchased as an article of traffic in the wholesale marke t . No attempt till now has ever yet been made to subdue it to your uses by bringing it into the retail market .. By the application of as much labour as the health of each occupant will allow them respectively and comfortably to devote . to agricultural purposes , I hope to create a class of free labourers so large as to set an example worthy of imitation to the working classes of the country .

      In propounding this principle for practical working to the last Chartist Convention , I stated that what was then done in the way of detail must he taken as mere guess . That it would require five weeks to consider and mature all the machinery necessary for carrying out the principle , but that when we had 2 , 000 enrolled members , that then , according to the true spirit of popular representation , they , by themselves or their delegates , would be

      called together to amend and alter the roles as far as necessity required . I was aware ' that each day ' s consideration wonld considerabl y inure the public mind for that day ' s discussion * and , therefore , although many attempts have been made to force me into a controversy by anonymous . writers , by friends , and by foes , I have abstained from offering any suggestion as to the required alterations , while I have placed the question before you in such a way as was likely to insure consideration and sound action .

      Then you will understand that my object is to buy the Land in the wholesale market , and to divide it in the retail market , with such profit and such benefits as the wholesale purchaser in any other commodity derives from his traffic . Such is the whole plan , while you are called together without reference to £ 37 , 000 surplus , or anything beyond the honourable working of the principle , to say what the profit accruing to each retail purchaser out of the consoli dated fund shall be , and how it shall be secured to

      him , and , if yoa can't do that , don't blame me . There is nothing on earth more easy . I have shown you before , that if 1 , 000 individuals require a hat each , that each may have to give 12 s . for the hat , whereas if the thousand club their money , they may , by cooperation , avail themselves of the retail profit , and purchase a hat for 8 s . each . . Even this- is not a parallel case ; because , as retail purchasers of hats , you should pay the manufacturing profit , whereas you save it in the manufacture of Land .

      Now , notwithstanding this simple illustration , our critics would actually persuade us that the building of cottages , and better manufacture of the Land , would deteriorate the value of the property . It is remarkable how every scheme for acquiring large interest , undertaken by the trading class , either receives the co-operation of the critics , or passes uncensured , while , curious to say , every proposition made for tbe benefit of the most powerful of all classes , is considered as a Utopian , impracticable scheme . Some go so far , in the midst of starvation , as to ask sagaciously , " What shall we do with the surplus ? " while others cry out , "Lo ! we shall

      starve I " - Others say , " How can you give £ 15 out of a fund to eaeh of 2 , 000 persons , who oniy pay £ 2 10 s . each ? " If they got it all , each of the 2 , 000 at osb asd the same hue , it would be a very difficult problem to solve ; but when they receive it out of the certain profits arising out of the co-operative fund , at such times as that fund will afford it , then the difficulty is no difficulty at . all . I have told yoa bow to get the Land ; I will assist you in showing yoa how to make the best use of it ; and then 1 will devote my every moment to instruct the occupants , as they are allotted , in the art and practice of agriculture , which I understand better than all the scribblers that ever wrote upon the subjeet .

      I was proceeding with the further consideration of the subject , when I received the following gratifying letter and resolutions from the good men of Derby : — Deab Sib , —We rejoice in the glorious progress making by our association , and are anxious for another visit from JDoyle : will you have the goodness to present our best respec ts to him , and that we hope he is growing fat upon his ten bob a-week . Co on , sir , and _naver mind therailings of the disappointed , or the ravings of madmen . Yours respectfully , _Wh , Crabtsee . At a general meeting of the members of the laud Society , held on Sunday night , Nov . 16 th , the foUowing resolutions were unanimously agreed upon : —

      The Chartist Co-operative Land Society to consist of an unlimited number of _aembers , but that It be divided into divisions of 6000 each , Thatthe society be _esmUed , providing the name and objects are not altered inconsequence of enrolment . That the members bo to located as the opinion of the counsel directs . That Mr . Thomas Wilkinson , lato of Derby , tut now of Manchester , be nominated by Bus branch as a fit and proper person to represent this district in the Manchester Land Conference . .. ¦ -.- v _« . r . Tha t the board of directors be chosen by the Conference , and thatthe delegate that represents us in the forthcoming Conferenc e be instructed * support the reelectioa of the present board of directors . thanks to the board of

      _TVe hereby tender our best directors for their ' unswerving conduct in _^ _ging the a _& _irs of the society j and think they are P _^/^ - _fiable in appropriating the profits arising from t _£ e sale of cards and rules to tbe management of the society . Working men of Derby , Ithank you . This is just the protection we require . This is precisely the spirit and co-operation that I have a right to look for . The great object of a public man should ever be to leave the largest amonnt of corrective power vested in the people , thereby enabling them effectively to guard against his rashness , his errors , want of judgment , apostacy , or deceit . _Iif then . it should be argued that certain parties have become shareholders in the Land scheme , in consequence of the

      To The Working Classes. Uy Vert Dear Fki...

      fascinating inducements held out in the preliminary resolutions , here is the largest amount of protection for that class . If any alteration should be madejn the rules which would justify or inducethose uow holding shares to abandon the project in consequehee of such alteration , in such case I shall submit the following resolution to the forthcoming Conference : — _Kewlyed _,- — "That we , the representatives of the working classes , called together for the purpose , of protecting their interests , have made sueh alterations

      in the rules for the government of the Chartist Cooperative Land Association / as to us seemed best calculated to secure the just and equal working of the principle ; and if any parties have subscribed solely from the inducements held out in the preliminary rales , and are now dissatisfied with the alterations made by this Conference , this Conference decides that each shareholder , se situated , shall receive back the full amount of monies paid by him as a shareholder in the above Association ; and that the directors or trustees , as the case-may be , are hereby empowered to carry this resolution into full effect . "

      Now , my friends , you have always had the full benefit of my suggestions and exertion , and I think the foregoing resolution gives you the largest amount of protective power against my ignorance , niy'folly my want of judgment , or my deceit . _. '" . l ¦ ' ' "' ¦' . ' " Iain , : _'*• - ' ' , 7 . 7 _^~ . J iYowfiuthful friend and servant , •' '; : ••>' ¦' - ¦ ' . ¦ :. ' Feahods 0 ! Comm > k . .

      4fomp Jnmiffence*

      4 fomp _JnMiffence _*

      Spain. 7-General Cordova Has Resigned Hi...

      SPAIN . 7-General Cordova has resigned his command as Captam-General of Madrid , and his resignation has been accepted . .-:- - ¦' _.- ' „ . _] Madrid , Nov . 9 . —Accounts from Valencia to the 5 th instant , which have reached Madrid by the ordinary mail , concur in showing that the insurrectionary attempt of the 3 rd was a purely military movement . The provincial regiment of Gerona , which is on duty at Valencia , was one that took part in the Alicant and Carthagena movement last year ; and it is said that General Ruiz , who was at the head . of the Carthagena Junta , was mixed up with the present attempt ; the Colone of the Geronareeiment ,

      Brigadier Zapatero , was at the theatre at the time it broke out , with many of the officers . The light company of the 1 st battalion waB quartered at the convent of San Francisco , where the 2 nd battalion was quartered ; the rest of the 1 st battalion was quartered at the Barracks del Pilar , and a _detachmeet of the light company , was on duty at the house of the Captain-General Roncali . A sergeant of the light company of the 1 st battalion , named Suarez , was the leader ofthe mutiny , and was followed by about forty men ofthe company ( none of the 2 nd battalion joining him ) , who rushed into the street about hal &' past seven p . m ., firing on the guard and some officers who

      attempted to restrain them , and made their way to the Pilar barracks , expecting to be joined by the battalion to which theybelonged ; but notice ofthe attempt had already been sent there , and . when they arrived , in company with some few townsmen who had joined them , they were fired upon by the guard , and finding themselves fchiw unsupported -by their own regiment , and the author ! tes and troops in movement on all sides , Sergeant Suarez exclaimed tbat all was lost , and they dispersed , the sergeant escaping , but the rest are stated to have been ultimately taken . Private letters from Valencia ! mention that two of the officers wounded on the night of the 3 rd have died . -

      _Coi'spiracv in Barcelona . —Letters from Barcelona state that a conspiracy had been discovered in that city on the 10 th inst . Madrid , Nov . 11 . —The soldiers that took part in the insurrection at Valencia have been tried by Court-martial , of whom twelve have been sentenced to death , and , by the latest accounts , ten of these unfortunate persons were on the way to the place of execution . It appears , also , that several ofthe most respectable citizens of Valencia had been banished from that place on twenty-four hours' notice , without trial , or any known proof that they had been implicated in the afiair at all . , ; J . ' Accounts from Madrid of the 12 th inst . confirm the report of some insurrectionary movements at Barcelona , Martial law had been proclaimed * and it was believed by the authorities there that General Prim , now residing at Marseilles , had organised a plot , aad was preparing to invade either Catalonia or Valencia , at the head of a body of emigrants .

      PORTUGAL . - _,. Lisbon , Nov . 9 ih . —The Government papers still continue prognosticating revolts and conspiracies of anarchists . The Government countenances these rumours by an occasional decree from Don Jose's department , denouncing parties engaged in attempts to raise the people and seduce the soldiery . The two last of these decrees implicate a dismissed parish priest and an ex-professor of the university . The government papers likewise talk of guerillas in a state of incipient organisation . There is no organised conspiracy , but there is a desperate state of discontent in all the provinces , arising from the rapacity ot government , and its local agents , and the universal poverty that prevails throughout the country . This is "the rebellion of the belly" which is to be apprehended .

      . ITALY . Conflict at Bologna . —The Con < _titutioni I says , " Letters from the frontier of Romagna , dat . _' d the 4 th inst ., state that in the evenings ofthe 1 st and 2 d a sanguinary conflict took place at Bologna between the Swiss , on the one part , and the Pontifical dragoons and custom-house guards on the other _, fhe troops were subsequentl y confined to their barracks . Cardinal Cazoni , legate of the province , wished to bring the volunteers of the country into the town , but the municipal authorities gave him to understand that this would increase the disturbances , as the Bolognese were ever adverse to this corps . In

      its stead they proposed to call the citizens to arms in the form of a civic guard ; but as the formation of such a guard is one ofthe demands comprised in the manifesto of the insurgents of Rimini , the Cardinal became alarmed , and refused the offer , but at the same time relinquished the idea of calling in the volunteers . It is also said that disturbances have occurred at Perugia , towards which town a column of Swiss was on its march , 'fhe sentences , of the commission at Ravenna , anterior to tiie late disturbances , have been confirmed at Rome . More than forty persons have been condemned to the galleys for various periods . "

      , UNITED STATES . The steam-shi p Great Britain { arrived at Liverpool , on Tuesday last , bringing advices from New York to the 28 th ult . It is stated in the American papers that Mr . Polk will take a stand as regards the occupation of the Oregon territory in accordance with the opinion he has already expressed in his inaugural address , and that he will assert the unquestionable ' right of the Republic of the United States to the whole of this territory . It is further asserted that the President has refused the offer of leaving the matter toa third party . From Canada ; we learn that active preparations are going on for the military defence of that colony .

      TURKEY . * Tbrrefic and Destructive Fire . —One-half of the town of the Dardanelles has been destroyed bv fire . At half-past eleven a . m ., of the 25 th October , the fire commenced in the Greek quarter , a gale of wind from the north-east blowing at the time . Although U was so early in the day , and 2 , 000 Turkish troops , with twelve fire-engines , were on the spot as soon as the alarm was given , it was impossible to stop the ravages of the all-consuming element , and twenty houses were destroyed before any efficacious aid was given . Much might have been done had . the engines been in good order ; but owing to the gross neglect of Ibrahim Pacha , the governor of the town , not one of them could be made to work . Had is not been for the assistance of two Turkish colonists with a handful of soldiers , and the European residents , who occupied themselves in pulling down houses , and regulating the scanty supply of water , the fire

      would never have been arrested in its progress . The presence of the Pacha was of little use , as is commands being enforced by the whip , no one would work with good will . This terrible fire was not subdued until _half-past two a . m . of the 27 th , having lasted thirty-nine hours . The whole of the Greek and Jewish quarters with the' exception of about forty houses , one half of the Armenian quarter , about 100 Turkish houses , three mosques , a synagogue , 100 shops , and a large bath , have fallen a prey to the flames . At least 600 houses have been destroyed , and as in many of them four to five families lived together , there are about 1 , 200 families without a home . Ofthis number , one-half have taken refuge in the barracks , and two adjoining vfflages , 300 have j i . as J _' lum in the remaining part of the town , and merest are exposed to the inclemency of thc weather , or are sheltered for the time being in tents . The misery is very great , and the winter approaching .

      Spain. 7-General Cordova Has Resigned Hi...

      , . £ ¦ _" _*>' ' , -- _?* '* "V . ¦ - ¦ . _¦** - ?** - - > _. ; . -.-3 . ' . A _subscriptioV-was immediately " _set'on foot by _thoss who were _fertiinate in escaping , but will afford 6 aly a _temj _^ _- _^^ _fellef , as most ef , the families have been rend _6 red _> _faihpletelv destitute . It is to be hoped that' the Sultan will . send soccour before long ; and that _clferitAk _disposed ; persons' will be induced > to raiseedhtit _!^ P » _w _^ o hStatttiBOpfe , and indifferent parts of Eii _^^' _-ffif ihe relief of _thtipbor people ; : a _)' . M 6 _NtM _^ 0 _^ _AMiRTJlilir 0 S _A-p _^ S ;; ' j 7 _Fimo _* a _^ _NSv _£ i _^ and Loiii _^ _% iH _^ ' _>& a _^ _ingfromlBMcft'Ayres for oide ' re , _'hCwng sailed fr « m that cit _^ M _^ _departure-Jf _^^ hSiUheenreceived ; by the _iiifercan tile _estaUiduBiM _^ rmce , _- $ P _$ _^ _uicu !| j _uukusu aim x-

      « u > -v- y . _'' [ _ww- _^ -ij _^ w ; _^ vuo ' ' rvuuu _.-MWtimmim _^ _stopped ; i _^ _fel _^ 'pll | _tM _% theufiit & lfo _^ _*> n theIstpJSenpjt _^^^ ; sma ll ¦• gi _^ _l'fiaripi _?^ ¦ _to-Bnenoa _™ rj _[&^^ _ftediatel yjl _^ d _^ _' Colon _& _Jfce _^ _measnresHbeo _^ Repubhc _. _^ _-a _^ _twascoMide- _^ _'he _. _Widd be * _agisted autiib ' riti _^^^^^ _f _^ ' _^ . " M : ; s = ' , * - _»^ v _^> _.--i .:- , vi .. i , Rosas' Jp _exerting ; _^ insfelf * to ' m _% _^ ldiere ofth ' e entire m _|^ opula _^ oh , _\ itVom ' jJtiie _;;* _at _$ of sixteen * to sixty , anff _^ med _dctenhmed''to 76 rrer ' eVery } _resist ance t ( _F- | _fapp _%$ e _^ and £ hriicarflS

      His conduct was as : arb 5 trayy _*^ w ever ; and his hatred of the English so marked , thatmest persons were of opinion hewas _' oogriizant of , and even sanctioned , the murder of the- English family , to prove to Mr . Ouseley the indifference with whioh he viewed any alliance with England , and what might be expected by the British residents in the event of hostilities beingcome to ; -. It was calculated that the English and French inhabitants of the city and suburbs could not fall short of 12 , 000 persons ; and iii case the merchants broke up their establishments , they-would have to sacrifice everything -from the poverty and hostilit _y of the people , who were kept by Rosas in - thorough ignorance of the real state of affairs between himself andthe two powers ; and the most extravagant fabrications ' and lies were circulated to engender enmity of feeling : to the English land French . Provisions would be getting very scanty among the squadron by the severe interdict ofthe Buenos Ayres Government .

      ' " - ; ALGERIA . The Paris papers of Monday contain ' several despatches from Marshal Bugeaud and other French officers in Algeria . ' The news contained in them is not _important . : "A report that Abd-el-Kader- had been killed , put forward by a Marseilles" journal'is shown to be false / A' certain Bou-Maza is causing the French great ' annoyance and some alarm . The Journal desDebats says of this chief " after all that he haS : done- _^ after the display he has made during the last twelve months of his energy and ability , he ought tobe regarde'das an Abd-el-Kader in the region he h " as : « hosen for the 'theatre of his prowess , and where his popularity will increase daily more and more , if he be not hunted down without ceasing . "

      India And China. Arbivaii Of The Overlan...

      INDIA AND CHINA . Arbivaii of the Overlanb Mail . — London , Saturday Morsin « . —Late last evening , letters and papers were received from Bombay to the 15 th ol October ; from Calcutta to the 8 th of October ; from Alexandria to the 7 th of October ; from Delhi to the _Tth of September . The news brought by this , conveyance is of more than usual political importance . It announces the death of Juwahir Singh , the Wuzeer , who was shot by the soldiery on the 21 st of October , in revenge for the death of Peshora Singh . Affiiirs were afterwards continued in the hands of the Queen-Mother . The ex-King of Cabool had died at Lahore of cholera . Hostilities were daily expected to be commenced in and civil

      the Nizam ' s dominions _^ a war threatening in Burmah . The bodies of Juwahir Singh , and of two fellow-sufferers , were publicly burnt in the Badamec Garden , on the 22 nd , four women being alsoburat at the same time . It was supposed that the younger brother of the late Sirdar Heera Singh would be elevated to the post of Wuzeer . The . intelligence from Hyderabad in the Deccan is of a . somewhat momentous character . A peon attached to the British residency had been killed by some of the subjects of the Nizam . The resident demanded that the murderers should be delivered up to justice ; but his highness , or his government , was unable or unwilling to comply with this demand . After reference made to the supreme government , the reisdent offered to the Nizam the alternative either

      of giving up the murderers withm one month , or of expelling from his dominions the Pathans , a lawless tribe of Affghan origin , who were harbouring the murderers . Again , his highness was found unable or unwilling to comply ; hp neither delivered up the homicides , nor expelled _theobnoxious tribe , but begged for additional time . This , however , could not be granted ; and it was rumoured at Hyderabad , that on failure of prompt compliance with the renewed demand of the resident , the city was to be bombarded . There are indications that war with the United States is inevitable and not distant . The Americans are rapidly reinforcing tlieir squadron in the Pacific . Adding their vessels inthe Chinese seas , they will assemble a force of six frigates ( each as large as an English 74-gun ship ) , five corvettes , one brig , and one schooner . On the English side , Admiral Sey . mour , at or about this time , is near the coast of Oregon , with one ship of 80 , one of 50 , one of 18 , and one . of 10 guns .

      •'( Arrival of the Great Western . —Important News on the-Oregon Question .- —London , _SaturnAx MoKNiNG . ' r-The' steam-ship Great Western arrived at Liverpoool yesterday morning . The news brought by this conveyance is of considerable importance . The Washington Union ( official organ ) of Saturday . last , in a very long and empathic leader , which of course speaks the , intention of the government , claims the whole of Oregon up to the Russian frontier , and urges Congress to maintain this claim , intimating tbat America claims to possess the whole against all nations . A letter from Washington says that itis a well known fact that the President will express himself strongly in the message for the whole ofthe Oregon .

      Foreign Miscellany. Deaths Of Celebrated...

      FOREIGN MISCELLANY . Deaths of Celebrated Characters . —Count de Goix , former lieutenant ofthe . body guards of Louis XVL , and first page . to Queen Marie Antoinette , died at his chateau of Mar 6 creux , on the 31 st ult . General Compans , peer of France , and one ofthe most distinguished soldiers of the Republic and the Empire , died lately at Bl & gaaa , near Toulouse . Suicide of a French Peer . —The National states , that the Duke of Sault Tavannes , peer ofFrance , has just put a period to his existence . Oneofhis friends , upon entering his chamber on the morning et the 12 th instant , discovered him suspended by the neck ; he immediately cut him down and ran for medical aid , but the vital spark had long fled . This act of despair is attributed to personal griefs . The Duke of Sault Tavannes was quite a young man , tall and powerful , and ofa most vigorous constitution .

      Spanish Cooks . —It is said that Maria Christina is well _versBd in tne culinary art , and that in the pic-nics of the Court to the country she likes to test the ability of those about her in this respect . On a recent occasion she requested the Ministers of War , of Justice , and of Foreign Affairs , each to prepare a dbh after his own fashion . General Narvaez prepared agaspacho ( a kind of soup made of water , bread , oil , vinegar , milk , salt , and pepper ) , but itwas found that the garlick predominated too much . M . Mayans dressed fowls with tomata sauce , but the dish was smoked , and M . Martinez de la Rosa prepared a dish of hard eggs after a peculiar fashion . The Royal Family , it is said , laughed immoderately at the want of ability displayed by the ministerial cooks . These cooks are cooking _"hell-broth" for themselves , which they will be compelled to sup at no distant day .

      " Bubble , bubble , toil and trouble , Fire burn and cauldron bubble !" American Items . —A . Mrs . Maria Ann Bickford has been murdered in the most barbarous manner at Boston , and her dwelling set on fire by her _murderer to conceal the foul deed . John Pope attempted to kill his wife in - Philadelphia , and then destroyed himself . Virgil Knapp has been indicted , in New York , for the murder of Sarah Decker , whom he had seduced . -There has been a conflagration at

      Winchester , which has destroyed many houses ; also _lat-ge and destructive fires in New York , Boston , and "Randall ' s Island . There has been a sharp shock of an earthquake felt through Long Island , part of New York state , and Connecticut . Houses were much shaken and some little damage done . Canadian Items . — The Governor-General of Canada is recovering his health . There have been very destructive fires ' at Kingston and _Sti Catharine s , Canada . A valuable slate-mine has been discovered on the shores of Lake Huron . More Trouble in Hatti . —An insurrection has taken place at Port-au-Prince , St . Domingo , in

      Foreign Miscellany. Deaths Of Celebrated...

      favdur 7 of , Herard , _Jhe ¦ former . President " of IHay ti _. _j and a strong _jforce had , assembled , to ,. attack the Dominicans . - . _^?; _,. _-. ; .. , / , _\ -, _$ _, f .. . , . . ' r . _^ * J , _'; ,,:,: -, / _, ; r 7 7 y ' - - - -: A Mormon Nation . —In- _thei . _midst el ] the . , embarrassments arising outof tlie Oregon question the people ; of Oregon are talking loudly , of '' nationol ; independence , " . and a new , ¦ * . singular , -. and ; important feature has appeared , ? which may be ; pregnant ; _With unlooked for consequences _. _-namely , theMormoris , wh 6 are literally ? compelled by persecution to quit , their homes in'Illinois , have solemnly resolvedin conclave assembled ; to : migrate to Oregon and [ there to settle . ¦ They . will be at * least , _. 12 , ' 000 in number _jfsufficieh'ito found a nation !* _^» : - : •> ,. . ¦¦ . ¦ = - ¦¦ _..-.---:- _.....,-i ; - _^ ; ' . _* j _, ' S .

      Cordially Thanked Them For Proposing Suc...

      _^ y » W / J J _^/^ f flL . " B l _^ " ) B ~~ _(^>^* _W _^ _NW _^' ; _"""'^"'' _" '' -

      Aj^)-Mtiqml Trabeg ..Joukj^ ^Y » W/ J J^...

      _AJ _^) _-MTIQML _TRABEg _.. _JOUKJ _^

      ' ¦ ! Yol. Ix. No. 419. London, Saturday...

      ' ¦ YOL . IX . NO . 419 . LONDON , SATURDAY ; _mOVEMB £ _^ iy | 845 . _.-Sii _^ _gSSSHSS _^

      .;R M^

      . ; _r _M _^

      -^Important ' Meeting" Of London?- I Is ...

      - _^ IMPORTANT ' MEETING" OF LONDON ? - i is 1 _^ - ¦ _- ¦ t -v _* _-.-i -CARPENTERS . _^ ; ! --- .: ¦'« 9 «* B . i j " _* A public ' nipperwas holdeii ' at the Silver Cup _^ Cromeratreet , Grays-inn-lane , on Monday evening la ' _stj'by that ¦ t ruly democratic bocly , _the'Iiondon lodge ofthe "General * : _Union'J of-. Operative- Carpenters of Great Britain , '' t iii . order to afford ; the opportunity of presenting a hand' _some ' sifter ' ' cup-to 'Mr ** John _Oordard , treasurer to the ' lodge / in gratitude forhis 'services ;; ¦ ' Brother May ne " was called to the chair , - and' Brother Filkington to the

      vicechair . ' . The . supper , a good substantial one , gave . great satisfaction .. ; . The tables having . been cleared , the Chairman said , —He-knew it was usual , at public festivals to give . as the _., flra . t toast , " The Queen , ' ? - but ' ¦] he , - . thought it wouldbe mbr e . ln accordance with their feelings and his own , if he gave _instead the true , Sovereign , and therefore , with then : permission , he would give it _tbusj-rp" The ' _Feopler-may , they speedily obtain their just , andiHalien _^ able rights ; freedom of th _^ speech , and power to make ' the laws by which they are governed , " Drank with three times three aud one cheer

      more . . :, . ..., _..- . _.,.. 1 Brother Diamond in eloquent terms responded . He said , he thought no one . would attempt at this time of day to deny that the people were the source of all power , * but at present they had very little to do with the _exercise of that power . If . the . wealth producers would but form one grand phalanx for Universal Suffrage , their power would then very speedily be acknowledged . But while one called himself * n "IndependentChartist , " another a "Complete Suffragist , " and were thus divided , their weakness would still lay them open to oppression , ( Hear , hear . ) Therefore , he said , let them unite under one general banner , and the things enumerated in the toast would soon be theirs . ( Loud cheers . )

      The Chairman said , he now rose to propose , the toast of the evening— " The health of Brother John Gordard , may'he live long to enjoy the confidence of his brothers in union , and may his example be followed by . many thousands of the working clasies . " In giving this toast he had also the pleasure , on behalf of the lodge , to present him the cup lie held in his hand . The cup is a handsome , embossed , richly chased , 7 silver one of exquisite workmanship , and bears the following inscription i— " As a token of respect to Brother John Gordard , from the London lodge of the F . S . O . G , of Great Britain , for his services as treasurer ; and untiring exertions in supportine general union , and the rights of the working classes ,

      November , 1845 . " Brother Gordard had been a member ofthe general union from the very onset . His worth was well known to them , and duly appreciated . His conduct had ever been consistent and undeviating . ' He was a perfect democrat inthe true and literal-sense ofthe word , he , to use the language of Julian Harney , "kuew no foreigners , " all men were brethren , and be upheld a general union to support their dearest interests . ¦ He hoped the enp he now presented would be handed down to posterity , as an incentive for unborn generations to follow the brilliant example set by Brother John Gordard . ( Great cheering . ) The cup having been presented , the brethren and visiters present rose and honoured the toast with three times three and one cheer , more .

      Brother Goedaed rese , and the cheering was renewed . He said he cordially thanked them for ths confidence they reposed iri him , and the handsome present they had been pleased to make him . The working classes were not represented in the Legislature , and hesce he waa in favour of trades combinations for self-protection . He believed that if the people had representation according to the principles of the People ' s Charter , trades combinations would be unnecessary ; and he really did think that as all men contributed to the support of the State , so should every man have a voice in controling the affairs of the State . The aristocracy combined , and had their clubs and reading-rooms , and why should not the working classes also have theirs t ( Hear , hear . ) He did not think they should ever , enjoy true happiness , until equal right and equal laws prevailed . ( Loud cheers . ) He again thanked them for their confidence and liberality , and would take the liberty of proposing— " The health of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe , the representative of the industrious millions in the House of Commons . "

      Drank with three times three and one cheer more , upstanding and uncovered . The Chaibman next gave "The General Union of Carpenters , and all other honourable societies of working men . Hay their endeavours to obtain evenhauded justice , and a fair remuneration for their labour , be crowned with success . " . . Bkothee Soulsbt , in responding , said this had ever been a momentous question with him . He had embraced it , seeing no way of effecting the social amelioration of the working classes , without a general union , without consolidation . A new era had arrived . Through tbe indomitable perseverance of an O'Connor , and the integrityof the glorious "Northern Star , " a happier state of things was approaching . Working men had now learned the advantages conferred by consolidation and general union ( loud cheers ) , and they now see the necessity , not only of producing wealth , but also of enjoying a much

      larger share of that wealth than they had hitherto done . A Land plan had been sent forth to the world , it had been _talten up _^ with great spirit , and would speedily grasp many thousands . in its embrace . ( Cheers ) . They had buen taunted and told that they ware not able to manage their own affairs . He would point those sneereis te their trades' officers . Did they not always choose the most steady , the most intelligent , the most moral men , possessed ofthe highest integrity ? ( Loud cheers . ) Let but the working classes become united—let England , Ireland , and Scotland be as one , and then we may do more than talk of "eyenhanded justice . " Then , not even the power of anlron Duke , or the machinations of Sir Robert Peel , would be able to prevail against the working men . '¦ The Chairman next gave— " The National Organisation of Trades for the Protection of Industry . May the working classes see ihe necessity of supporting it , and may it be enabled to prevent the inroads of capital . "

      Brother John Bush , vice-president of the Association for the Protection of Industry , in responding , said : The Association now toasted , and which he had the honour to be connected with , was established nnder the able presidency of Thomas Slingsby Duncombe , M . P . —( loud cheers)—for the more effectual union of the working classes ; and during the last few weeks they had acquired a large accession to their numbers in England , Ireland , and Scotland . That such an association was necessary he thought would be readily admitted . ( Hear , hear . ) A very forcible example of the benefit of their association had just been shown . The tin-plate workers had been out . The masters said to the men , "We will starve you

      into compliance ; " but the men rejoined , "You might have done that when we were isolated , but we now form a portion of the National Association for the Protectien of Industry , and , happily , that is now impossible . " The consequence was , thatin two days after this the masters cent for the men , and they were now . at work at an increased rate of wages . ( Great cheering . ) Brother Bush next entered most lucidly into the objects sought to be obtained by theAssociation for the Employment ef Labour in Agriculture and Manufactures , and showed the great advantage of having Land on which to employ the surplus labour and manufactories of their own . Mr . Bush resumed his Beat much applauded .

      The Chairman said the next toast he had to propose came home to the breast of every man , and quite sure he was they would all heartily respond to it . It was— " The People ' s Charter . May it speedily become the law of the land ; and may all men exiled for advocating its principles , and the freedom of opinion , bo recalled to enjoy its benefits . " Brother _Hdtchinos said : He regretted his inability to do justice to this excellent sentiment . He thought it was necessary , in order to carry out that _tentiment , that all _shonld unite . It was high time tbe exiled patriots was restored . ( Loud cheers . )

      Mr . Edhonb Stallwood having been called on , roge amid loud cheering to respond , and said , —It gave him unfeigned pleasure to hear the "People's Charter " toasted by such a respectable body of tradesmen , and so well received : One of the grave objections urged against the people possessing the franchise was , their want of inteUigence , and their inability to use the suffrage ; now he argued , first , that as all contributed to the State—so should all enjoy a vote in the election of those men who made the laws for the guidance of the State ; ( hear , hearr , ) and secondly , that the charge of ignorance was unfounded , and he thought those who made the charge must have

      a face of brass , seeing how ignorantly the affairs of State were at _present managed , and how often ive were oh the verge of famine and the very brink of revolution . ( Loud cheers . ) Lord Brougham had said , the working classes , in addition to being tillers of the soil , workers in mines , fabricators ef clothing , and builders of houses , were the authors of five-sixths of the works of art and science . ( Loud applause . ) Mr . Stallwood next pointed out numerous instance in which the sons of toil had occupied stations of the highest importance , and with the greatest ability . " He admired tbat kind of feeling which had prompted them to couple the restoration ofthe patriotic exiles with the sentiment of the " People ' s Charter . " ' He

      Cordially Thanked Them For Proposing Suc...

      cordially thanked them for proposing such a noble , sent ! , c . _clement . Mr . Stallwood sat down much applauded . _. 7 .. Brother Gobdaed said , —Hc was entrusted with aiinost _noble-toast . _~ - _.-T-hey-had _payed--him _* a-niftrked _-. nd very handsome compliment _tb-nightfor liis advocacy pf general union , bdth ' ad it not ' been that he had mixed in political circles , he should _nothavejbeen the . advoca te of a general union of trades . It was in the . school formerly denominated " Radicalism _^ iHatlie learnt the advantage of union . ( Hear , hear . ) _^ e _^ eritiment he had . to propose was , —¦ " Health , happiness , and long life to Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., ' the proprietor of the Nprthern ' Slai' ; may . 'he' ever " continue the friend and advocate of the _worklng classe ? . . cordially thanked them for proposing such a noble , sentf . _^* < _^ - ment . Mr . Stallwoodsatdown much applauded . ... Brother _Gobdard said , —He was entrusted with _almost noble » _toast . ~ Ihey-had p _ayed-him _. a-inftrked r :. nd _^ very

      Asa politician he bid known Mr . O'Connor a long time , and admired his undeviating consistency and principles _, j" TheCHAiBMAKsaid , -i-Before putting the sentiment he should like toadd a feiv words tb * those of Brother _^!! Godard , Pear ' gus O'Connor had sacrificed mo re foi :. the _working-classes _^ than * any-inan breathing ; and * neither persecution or prosecution could drive him from his post . ' ( J _& uAclieers ;)! - - So _longasithat gentlemnn' _continued his present ceurse , so * long would he esteem it _an-hquourto V be numbered among his admirers and supporters .- ( Great \ 6 heering . ) :: ; . The " toast was then drank amid , _'loud . and _v long plaudits . ' . . x _^ - _^ i _^ _iJy- , _^ _bM < _tva _& _- : ' _-jfey ¦ ¦ Mr . _Sialiwood returned _thaBkBttr'Mr _/ _p'Connor . _, . ? Tlie . Chairman'said his next toastJwas ! oHe he -was con- . vinced would _be-heartlly / re ' sponded ' . toiiit ' wa _^ ' _^ •" . % A _oi'ttem * < StaV , its Editor / and _; Reporj ' er tinue thc advocate of tho rights 7 and ? _interesteiiof , the working millionj . " _..-. The _toist _; _was _^ drank ; With , 7 three . times tliree andorie _' cheermo ' re . _s ¦ . _? ' 7 ? 7 / m-. ; ' _v-: _; J . _lisi' _-xl- ¦

      "The health and happ ' ness of Mr , Ale _* _tanderj _, one ( of the _Calthorpe-streetjury , " was next drank ; ¦ - . r ; _j'Ttii Mr ; Alexander ' returned thanks . _: ; ¦ , _* ,. ¦ : ¦ - . . j si ; A . _* ' * ¦ ¦ - . " -The Chairman and-Vice-Chairmau , " _i _foHowecl ., next in _succepBioh , and were drank with musical _btraOWS . The company then separated . ' -i _~ ' - : ¦ '¦ _• ' ;¦ !<<\' _i-i '¦\ _'jji ~ * _i-: v - ¦ _¦ ¦ _' / , _¦;••* ¦ ';• _¦¦ . ; ¦¦ , ' _.. i _^ * ; . _' _;; . - " . - _' - ¦ - ¦ - _' ¦ - ¦ . _^\ ¦ . _¦¦' . " -. ; ' . ' _-j- _'fM _' ' '

      Nationalunited Association For The ? Pro...

      NATIONALUNITED ASSOCIATION FOR THE ? PROTECTION _OF'INDUSTRY AND < THE ! * EMPLOYMENT - OF - _EABOUR ' _-IN > AGRICULT 1 JRE AND MANU FACTURES ; _^ _¦{¦ . a -Mi ' . David Ross / of Leeds , _! delivered hisfirst lecture toa _^ metropolitan audience on the objects sought to le obtained , by the above association , in the _< Literary and , Scientific Institution j John-street , _"Tottenhamcoui't-road , on Tuesday , evening , . . November , 18 th . Mr _,, ) V ,, ' _Robsoti , - ladies shoemaker , _hndTiM-president of-. tho , * Association for _theEmploymentofLabour , " wascalled . tV i the chair , ' arid briefly 7 iritrqdu . ced tie lcctu rer ; t 6 , _tlieiuietihg . 7 Mr . _TRoss _. _wHbwiw ' received with loud applause , ' said the cause . of labour had'not had , that ,: _attention 7 pw ' ¦

      _jHe _f had . seen ; the _jwofkihg 7 ciaas ' ea _^^ clB _^ _SMivc . prosperity ,, and he . _^ had 7 aiso seen _Min _rWueMj * to beggary and destitution . - God' and hature . evidently intended that all / should _liye , ami live . ' happily . ( Hear , hear . ) The tillers ofthe soil , _thehahd-foora weavers , the shoemakers , the tailors , in conjunction with the other sons and daughters of toil , produced enough wealth lor all ; but , alas . ' they were not _permitted to enjoy it ; nor would they , until such tune they , possessed sufficient intelligence to form a grand confederation of trades for their protection . ; Machinery was making giant strides , and far be it from him to attempt to arrest its progress ; all he desired was , that the productive classes should enjoy its blessings . Notwithstanding the Act of Parliament recently passed , thousands of women and children in

      were still degraded to the condition of slaves _^ mines and factories , while their husbands and brethers were compelled to become unwilling idlers , and walk the streets from lack of employment . The great failing of the English working classes was their proneness to over working . However , they wer _» now beginning to philosophise , and were now demanding a shortening ofthe hours of labour . The Miners and the trades of Sheffield had learned that short hours brought long wages . ( Loud cheers . ) ' Theworking classes possessed sufficient intelligence among themselves to work out their own redemption . What was Stephenson , the eminent engineer originall y but a poor Miner ! What Hudson , the Railway King , but a plodding Draper ! Douglas Jerrold was also of the order of industry , and Thomas Cooper , who had

      recently gained so much fame by his poem , was an humble son of Crispin . The invention of calico printing and many other ingenious things were the brain-work ofthe working order . ( Hear , hear . ) Many attempts had been made to benefit the working classes , and amongst others isolated strikes had been , tried , and these , ineffectual as they were , had _r-ot been without good results , for many men were now in the enjoyment oftheir 25 s . per week as wages , who otherwise would hot receiva 10 s . ( Loud cheers . ) But the trades had recently resolved in forming a grand confederation , of which Thomas Slingsby Duncombe , M . P ., was the president . ( Loud cheers . ) The first of these Associations was lor the protection of industry , andthe mutual support of each other ; to give to any one trade that might require it , the support of the whole confederation . With such an irresistible combination , who could anticipate a failure . ( Great cheers . ) In that Association ,

      before entering on a strike they would well survey the ground , and make morally sure before they struck the blow . Thus , with care , prudence , and union , would they go on conqueringandto conquer . ( Loud cheers . ) This Association was progressing rapidly , they had enrolled no less than . 8 , 000 members within the last month , and had already had a proof of the efficiency of such a combination . One of the Metropolitan trades were out . The employers' said , we will starve you into compliance , but rejoined the men , that is new happily rendered impossible , you might have done so when we were an issolated body , but we now form a portion ofthe " National Association for the Protection of Industry , " and we have thesupport of all the trades in that confederation . ( Hear , hear . ) The consequence of which was , two days after , the employers sent for the meu and they were now at work at an increased wage , ' ( Loud cheers . ) Such must ever be the moral influence of a well-directed

      general union of the trades . ( . Great cheering . ) From thc first , liad sprung the second Association , " For the Employment __ of Labour . " This was also under the able presidency of the honourable member for Finsbury . ( Loud cheers . ) This association was intended to draught the surplus hands from the labour market and employ them profitably for their own advantage on the Land , and who would not rather labour in the healthful fields than be confined in the murky atmosphere ofthe shop , the factory , or thc mine . ( Loud cheers . ) And what an incentive to action was it , to know that such withdrawal , left full employment , at increased wages , for those who remained . ( Great cheering . ) How ' much better would it be for their turn-outs to be employed in buildings of their own , or in manufactures on their

      own account , than to travel fifty or a hundred miles , to compete with their still more wretched fellow-men . Right pleasing it was to know that working men had begun duly to appreciate the advantages of self-employment . The Woolcombers of Bradford had learned that they eould , with advantage , comb their own wool —( hear , hear , )—and a portion of the trades of Leeds had started a project for building a colony of seventy cottages , with all the appurtenances of drying-grounds , baths , ic , such cottages if let at a simple rental of £ 5 per annum would return interest to the amount of six pcr cent on the capital required . He was also happy to find that a portion ofthe Cordwainers of the metropolis were clubbing their pence with ayiew of locating themselves on the green sod . ( Loud cheers . ) The association he represented was also an illustration of this growing feeling , they already had 383 shares taken up , on which deposits

      to the amount of £ G 50 had been paid , and which would of themselves , when the entire was paid , amount to £ 1 , 915 . The association would commence operations so soon as tliey had obtained subscriptions to the amount of £ 5 , t 00 , and if working men only supported these associations as their own interest demanded , tliey would soon be in possession of all those great blessings , combination , wisdom , energy , and perseverance was so well calculated to bestow . ( Great cheering . ) Mr . Ross resumed his seat amidst great applause . Several questions were then put to and answered by the lecturer . —A vote of thanks waa then moved to Air . Koss for the able lecture he had delivered , which was seconded and carried by acclamation . —A vote of thanks was given to the chairman and the meeting was dissolved . On _Wednesbay Evekiko Mr . Ross repeated his lecture with much success at the South London Chartist Hall , Blackfriars-road .

      Tne Misers Or Dukinfield Return Their Si...

      TnE Misers or dukinfield return their sincere thanks to the Counterpane Weavers of Bolton , and the Spinners' Union ol Lancashire , for the support they have received . Books bearing the seal of the Miners' Association will he furnished to the persons appointed to receive contributions , which , if they cannot produce , they may be deemed imposters . Any trade sending by post-office order , must make the order payable to Mr . William Perkin , at Mrs . Elliot ' s , Miners' Arms , Dukinfield . Signed on behalf of the Miners of Dukinfield and Floweryfield , William PERkis , Secretary . _ .

      Carbon Iron Works . —Moulders' Strike . —These workmen , after being out for tnree weeks , commenced working again on Monday , the 3 rd current , in pursuance of a resolution agreed to by them , " ta go in and work for a month , with a view of enabling the master to fulfil his promise of redressing their grievances ; and in the event of his not giving satisfaction , to turn out again at the end of that period . " Considerable amendment has alread y been made on several articles—it being all piecework ; and ifc is hoped that the good work will be persevered in , so that a second strike may be rendered unnecessary . On Saturday evening , the Cth current , a large number of the workmen assembled in Binnie ' s Hall ,

      Grahamston , to hear an address ftom . Mr . Wm . Douro , agent for the Miners' Association . This gentleman , though having little pretension to oratory , has considerable powers detestation of oppression bued with sympathy lor from the sincerity and produces a great impression discussing a variety of top cular case , and adverting general welfare , the inculcating on all present self-culture , as the most acquiring and preserving

      Of Utterance, A Cordial , And A Heart De...

      of utterance , a cordial , and a heart deeply imsuffering humanity . * while , earnestness of his _apppalsrhe _^ . on his audwnce _^ vM « r ? ics bearing _oKt _^ _err'parS- _^ v - to others cfficfeM 9 _f . ; pj _^ lecturer conclude * b _^ iftroflal _^ _' ; j the duty av _^ tte _^^ _-of _**!* . ; effectual _andwra _T _^ ea £ s . _ojf _H their just rig _| fe , V . r : r _^ v _^; _^ K * _« 1 I ' / ' ' _" _i-KiSiSI ' 1 of utterance , a cordial ti , and a heart deeply _imsuffering humanity . * while , irnestness of his apj _^ alsrhB- _^^ on on his au . _% nce _? v _3 _> s . pics bearing _^ t _^ _err'pa 5 _^ - _^ _5 _/ ' ¦ _* . „ g to others _cjfficfettiiiig ' . _;^ < i _^\ J «< _ui-er conclude * b _^ _m-uffe _$ ft } £ t the duty _« # - _# _^ _rK _^! -j * effectual _andf _* _rarfiTnea £ s . _o £ ' _t _^ _k : ™ _?* their just ri g 8 fe . lnjy .-p ! _^* > | j

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 22, 1845, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_22111845/page/1/