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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st March 1846, Edition 4 of 4, Page 7, imperial SariOuiunt

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      Mabch 21, M& =«=== The Northern Star. 7

      Mabch 21 , m _& THE NORTHERN STAR . 7

      The Polish Insuiiuectlon. Proclamation *...

      THE POLISH _INSUiiUECTlON . PROCLAMATION * ©? THE PRUSSIAN GOVERNMENT . Bams , March S . —liis Alajesty has issued the following proclamation : — "The revolt which _, has broken oat in the territory of _Oracow , and the _neighkourhood . and its connection with the revolutionary societies discovered in the Grand Duchy of Posen , the intended attack on llargard , and the attempt to deliver the state prisoners at Posen , prove sufficiently the aim and intention of the revolt , which was originated by foreign emissaries ; and as the life aud property of our faithful subjects are thus exposed to the greatest danger , -we have been obliged , to our ureal tegret , to _uke extraordinary measures , aud we ordain the _following , after having consulted our Minister of State— -as regards Western Prussia and ihe Grand _JAiehy of Poseu .

      1 . Whoever shall be arrested during an attack by armed f orce or resisting to the armed authorities ; whosoever shall be taken in the flagrant act of exciting our subjects to revolt , or distributing arms to that effect , shall be taken before a council of war chosen each time by the commander-in-chief , and under the auspices of aa officer of the state , three captains , three lieutenants , three non-commissioned officers , aud a . reporter , and shall undergo sentence of death , and be shot . The execution tu follow immediatel y after it bas been sanctioned by the commanuer-iuchief .

      2 . The commander-in-chief has the power of delaying the execution , and to refer it to our ulterior decision . We have , however , enough confidence in oar subjects of German and Polish extraction , to be convinced that they will not oniy reiuaiu faithful , as the greater part have lately proved themselves to be , but that they will _cs-opentis in preserving tranquillity aud order , and in suppressing all disturbers ofthe peace . _Fredkeick William . A letter irom Posen , of the 5 th inst ., states that about twenty additional arrests hadbeen just effected there ; amongst them were some ecclesiastics . The Catholic Gymnasium and Ecclesiastical School have been closed . I

      MANIFESTO OF THE POLISH PROVISIONAL

      _GOVERNMENT . The _Cologne Gazette publishes tlie following order of tbe day of tbe revolutionary government , but gives neither date nor _signature ; it ia , huvrever , probable that it was issued by the patriotic government before evacuating Cracow : — Poles , —afor the most odious calumnies against the most _peaceable inhabitants or Cracow and it » territory , in Order t < 3 justify the projected attack of the Austrian troop ? , au attack of thu kind was made on the ISth ofthe present month , and by violence a general discontent was excited . Thereupon a serious conflict took place with the enemy , and several of our valiant brothers sacrificed themselves for the national cause . They fell heroically , Kke true tons of their rtraurrr , and hare thins set an « xample word > y of imitation . Hardly had the enemy sustained a _wuallloss , when a general terror took possession of them , for Cod evidently ranges himself on the side of the innocent . These _andaeions men had announced that

      they weie here for our protection , but they were the first to 11 ; like cowarJs with the authorities and the militia , so that the toirn -was exposed to tiie greatest _daubers . TiiankS be IO Providence , which watches orer as , there has been no disorder , which is unprecedented in the history of nations , and is the _nuist _episode iu the history oc _Puland . Poles , tie decisive moment has arrived . Unite , forget all hatr » d and all thefatal discord which has rendered van the many efforts that yon have hitherto made to emancipate Tounelves . Think of the sad consequences that result irom the destruction of national independence , and I am firmly _convinced that jou will lilike an invincible Macedonian phalanx , aud that the national spirit , so well known to everybody , will again be manifested . Ihe Romans had onlv 2000 square miles of

      territory , anu yet thej became waster * of the world . "Why then should not tbe Polish nation recover _itsindupendence _. if it energetically desires it ! Poles , do not fear yonr enemies . Follow the steps of _Zeouiuas at tbe headofafcw Spartans . But why should 1 cite the example of ancient nations 1 What nation has ever had so many heroes and martyrs as we bare had in the sacred Ciuse of our regeneration ! Ail slaves will rise when they hear of your rising , and the whole of Europe , which evidently desires to cast off the yoke of its tyrants , will applaud your _devotedsess , and assist you . Bo not , therefore , despair . Place all your trust iu God , who will

      sustain cs in our just cause . Citizens and inhabitants of Cracow , the shades of jour ancestors , Who _gave SO many pn > o & « f indomitable courage , wiil place themselves by tout side , and inflame your hearts , couviuced that they liave sot to blush for tbeir sons , wbo are able to drive out the _spoilers who have not feared to lay a profane hand upon their sacred ashes in their tombs . Place _volnntaiy offerings on the altar of tour country , and you will gather the richest fruits of your efforts . Posterity ¦ will admire our exploits , and cronn them with gratitude .: la the opposite case yonr children will for ever curse jour apathy and Jours _? lve 3 when , you are in the grave . Irom this moment let our motto bi—Cod '

      Although no _signature is given to the above , it was probably issued by the dictator , _Lissawski . Thee Towns , Uambukgh , March 5 . —It is said that a whole cargo of English _muskets entered the Elbe lately , hut that they were seized and sent back to England , as it was discovered they were intended for the Poles . Universal consternation pervades Poland , as owing to tbe DUihberof persons implicated , there is scarcely a family of which , some member is not compromised . Re-OCCCPATIOX OF CkACOW 3 T . ihe _AtjsimsSS . — The following is the Austrian general ' s account , as extracted from fheAmsburah Gazette : —

      Yikxsa , March g . —A report of General Collin , of the 4 th of . March , gives the following particulars : — " The insurgents left in the night of the 2 nd or 3 rd of _Alan-i , having withdrawn their ports on the Vistula . A deputation , Jed by the Senator Kopf _, ar-Tived and announced that a provisional committee had been established . Genera ! Collin replied that the members of the ancient senate , who remained at Ctacow _, were to form again , having M . Kopt for their president . The general gave immediate orders to reconstruct the bridge over the Vistula , and before the bridge was completed two Russian staff officers arrived , announcing the approach of the Russian forces . The bridge heing passable , the general im-¦ mediately entered the city , with lour companies of

      infantry , the militia , and two sguadrons of li g ht cavalry , who were greeted with acclamations by the _inhabitants . { . Fudge J ] The _Jtussians , who were the first to enter , had taken possession of the castle and the principal post . The general left troops at both places . Numerous Russian troops were expected under the orders of the Generals Panukin and TyrnstoS . General Collin had an interview with General Rudiger , _commai'der-iii-chief of the Russian troops , and it was agreed that Cracow should be surrounded Lv Russian and Austrian troops , and that the garri- j son was to be alternately Russian and Austrian . On

      the 4 th , General Collin was joined bv two squadrons of light cavalry with two pieces of artillery ; and to replace the militia who act as police , lis ordered up the 1 st battalion of the Landwebr _FLihenegg . General Coilin left at Podgorze one _battalioiTof infantry , some cavalry , and _artiUerv . There are also some troops at ttadowice _. When the Prussian troops arrive , some change will take place in the arrangements . The insurgent * - , to the number of 800 , laid d * n their arms . Count Wrbna , gcneral-inckiei , is arrived at Cracow , and has had an interview with General Rudiger as to the measures to be taken . "

      The Austrian says "the insurgents , to the number Of S _00 , laid down their arms ; " hut the reader will observe that he had already said at the commencement of his report , that " the insurgents left in _tite tiigla _. of the 2 nd or 3 rd of March" before the entry ofthe Austriaus and Russians . It is probable that some ef the patriots submitted , but it is certain that the great body made good their retreat from the city . SrUESU . —On the morning of the 5 th inst ., 630 insurgents arrived here under au escort of infantry and cavalry . They laid down their arms as soon as the hussars and dragoons threatened to charge . They consist of the flower of the Polish youth . Some of the prisoners are in excellent spirits , but a great number weep for their country as a chiid for a lather or a mother . < Ja the road to Nicolai _, the chief of lLe _insurgents met his mother and his sisters , * and warm tears were , shed by all . There are three ecclesiastics among the prisoners . The -fate ofthe Polish prisoners is uncertain .

      Berlin , _Mabcu _t-in . —The three protective powers wiil occupy ihe i ' oJisil j * rovitJCes uiilii the insurrection has entirely subsided . They inteud to act with the greatest mildness against those individuals who have been misled , but wiil proceed with greater severity against the leaders .

      TUE CAPTURE OF LEMBERG . The _RIuhc and Moselle Gazette publishes private letters from Gallicia , stating that part of the garrison having quitted Lember _^ , a large body of _Polish insurgents had captured the f lace , after a must determined and _sanguinary resistance ou the part of thc Austrian troops which remained there . 120 Austriaus were said to bave been kiikd . The Governor-General , Ferdinand d'Este , had taken refuge In oue of the convents , together with the rest of Ms troops , and barricaded the place . Theinsurgcnts , however , did not deem it advisable to attack it , and lad contented _tkemselvt with taking from th--arsenal 00 , 000 muskets , beside some cannon and mountain « uus , and spiking such as tbey were unable to take with them . They had also seeured considerable quantities of ammuuition and stores , as well as public : -money . They had then quitted Lemberg ( which is open to attack on all _sides ) , and gone to spread rev « a in other parts of Galiicia .

      LXSURRECTJOiV IN RUSSIAN POLAND . The Hji ,, bargh Correspond * contains very important intelligence relative be insurrection reported to have broken out in i- -sian Poland . Should the accounts detaiitd by that _-uraal be confirmed , it would appear ihat the seat oi tic insurrection had merely bta removed to tlie point where oppression bas , up to ihe _pn-sent period , been the most violent . Tlur Cologne Gazette of Uie 12 _tu of -March contains the vol it . _\; .: _ _aianilesio of the insurgents ol _Russian Pokiiii .: —

      The Polish Insuiiuectlon. Proclamation *...

      MANIFESTO 0 _F POLASD , _FlOHTUiO FoS SU LlBBhTl _, To THE _OEBJUlf NATION . The Provisional Government of the kingdom of Poland , fi g hting for liberty , Free and noble German Nation I The insurrection of our brothers in the Grand Duchy of Posen has been followed bj loss of life to all . Our brothers cannot at tlie present moment explain , or give reasons for this struggle . We will do it for thtm , so that they may be understood , aad calumny be spared . Inferior in force to meet fhe vicissitudes of a war , we cannot address eurielvesto a government , but we can to a people ; lor every noble heart , and every ear of liberal-minded Germany , is open to haar and understand ns _. _= « _===

      Our brothers of Posen , by attacking the govemment and the army , intended to join us arms iu hand , to aid ms in the struggle against our barbarous oppressor . Thus the motive Of attack was neither hate towards you , nor » false self-esteem , Should God bless our endeavours , our government _andyours will be friends . We swear to jou from die present moment friendship and concord . Between free aud generous nations , _friendship and concord must exist . Neither you nor we can forget the reception our brothers met with in Germany after the bloody

      _struggle of 1831 . God has engraven the act in the hearts ol aUhouest men . We are couviuced that when our brother * hear of onr struggle aud come to our _assistance , jou will uot refuse your aid , for could you allow the arms ofa former guest to be chained iii your own country ! Geaorons Germans ; you understand our struggle , for you yourselves have sustained a similar one . You left tlie great battle of 1813 and 1 S 14 as conquerors . We , on the contrary , fell . Perhaps the Almighty will give his blessing to our present enterprise , lor the glory and the liberty of the whole human race , by creating us a free

      and independent nation . ( Signed ) Wogiekski , Hasjiowski . Given , near Kielce , thb 22 nd Feb ., ISMti . The Universal } . German Gazette mentions that a proclamation had been issued at Um ' oerg on the 26 th uit ., offering a reward of 1000 florins to any person who should deliver up Edouard Denibuuski , or Prukowski , and Theophili Wizurowski , charged with having excited the people to revolt .

      THE REVOLT OF THE PEAS A _NT S . " Austria is evidently in a dilemma , " writes a correspondent of iheNurnberg _Zeitimg ; " she has not only to occupy Gallicia , but to put a stop to . the excesses committed by the peasants . " Every day , in truth , we read of castles pillaged aud burnt , and the inmates murdered . " The other day , " says the Augsburgh Gazette of the lhh of March , " at Cautski , in western Gallicia , a castle was taken by assault by the peasants , who murdered eleven persons , among whom was the owner Braeski , ami the pastor of Wadowice . The solution of this problem seems more difficult every day . The Couricrof Warsaw of the 0 th of March contains the following proclamation to the inhabitants of the Kepublic , by the generals commanding the Austrian and Russian forees : —

      Detachments of llussian and Austrian troops bave taken _iwssession of the free city of Cracow and the territory belonging to it . The object is , in conjunction with a division of Prussian troops , _torestore public order , and to expel ( rout it-be territory any disturbers ot ' the peace who may be concealed there . The pretective powers will thQU consider on the necessary measures to be taken to assure , in a permanent manner , the welfare of Cracow ; but meanwhile the powers are preparing to make known , through tbeir representatives , tbe commanders of tbe respective troops which occupy Cracow , and who are there on the sole intention of maintaining order , that they have adopied the following measures : — "l . Ths free city of Cracow is declared in a state of tiege , and no person will be suffered to leave town without permission . " ' 2 . The persons add houses of all peaceful inhabitants will be respected .

      " 3 . All the proprietors of houses are called upon , under tbe penalty _imposable by military law , to denounce immediately to the military authorities all those _persons who took part in the law troubles . " 4 . au those wbo , not being leaders _. had the weakness to be misled , are to present themselves immediately before tho authorities to * make their submission , as a proof of their repentance , otherwise they will invoke clemency iu vain . " 3 . All persons concealing arms , or not giving up such to tbe authorities , will be subject to martial law . " 0 . The president and members of the free city of Cracow , who lied irom the rerolt and hare returned , are to form , provisionally , the administration of the interior . The Senator Kopf ia to be at the head of the administration until the return ot Presideut Scbiudler . " 7 . Each division has named 3 commander and adjutant , who are to act onjointly .

      " 8 . A military committee of inquiry is to be appointed to pass sentence on the persons arrested . Those who are deemed innocent will be set at liberty immediately . Tbe guilty will undergo the sentence of the law . ( Signed } " _Gexeiul _Panicmk . " _Majob-Gesebal Coins . ' * Thc Courier of Warsaw states , that a band of insurgents had taken the direction of iuzeseiiowize in Prussian Siberia . A detachment of Cossacks arrested them . The Cologne Gazette adds the following details : —

      Behus , March 6 . —Cossacks aud Circassians are scouring the country . Tbey approached the town , but their approach was not relished at all . On the night of the 5 th the Poles , to the number of one hundred , were massacred by these roving hordes . In Prussia , the only measures taken as yet consists in the closing of the Gymnasium of Marie , at Posen : in ordeis given to the proprietors and larinei s not to leave their domiciles ; and iu the installation of a committee to pass sentence on those insurgents taken arms in hand . The conclusions come to by the committee are to he sent to Kammergericht ( criminal court ) , at Berlin , who will pronounce sentence at the end of three weeks . Itis said Posen is to be declared in a state of siege . Paris , Friday .

      In the Chamber of Deputies , the Marquis de _Larocbejaequelin said , that for the last fourteen years the two Chambers had expressed their wishes , had manifested their formal intention , to maintain Polish nationality . lie would a- « k whether those wishes were to be nothing more than an annual epitaph written ou thc tomb of the Polish nation i J ] ad the government beeu able to do what had been desired ? lie thought riot ; and felt convinced that the wishesso often renewed by the two tribunes had been useless . ( Murmurs . ) IU * considered there was some instruction to be gained irom what was passing in Polaud . Could it be believed tliat in a monarchical government orders had been given by which a price

      _of 25 f . had been offered for the head of every noble , priest , or landowner that might be brought in ? lie must protest against such horrors , aud would now ask the government what it had done towards the accomplishment ofthe _wishes , fourteen times repeated by the Chambers ? What could it do to fulfil them , now that the remnant of thc Polish nation was suffering under a long and painful agony ? What measures would it adopt ? Would it guarantee that the independence of Cracow should be respected and maintained ? Would it guarantee that the action of political vengeance should not be _substituted for thai of regular justice ? In a word , what bad the government done , what would it do . and what could it da ?

      The Minister of Foreign Affairs said , that amongst the questions that had been put to him hy the hon . deputy , that on which he most particularly insisted reiated to the policy and acts of a foreign government , aud not to those of thc French government . For that reason he should conline himself to the Hue of conduct he had always adopted in ihat tribuneto speak of what he knew . ( Hear . ) If the acts which had beeu reported were true , he would not hesitate to designate them as deplorable aud guilty . To provoke asocial overthrow as a defence against a political danger would be a criminal act . Revolutionists were sometimes guiity of such acts , hut regular governments never . ( Approbation from the Centres . ) From ths information which had ,

      however , _re'ichwl him , be had seen nothing tu contiim tiie facts of whieh he spoke , aud , far from admitting them to be true on the faith ofthe journals and c-orrespwuit'iice which bad beeu quoted , he should be mure inclined to deny them . In order to explain the part which the peasants of the Grand Jjjch y of Posen and of Gallicia had just been playing , there was no necessity to bring forward guilty suppositious and hypotheses of prices being placed on tbe heads of certain parties , which the hou . deputy had alluded to . Since the Grand Duchy ef Po :. eu and Gallicia had beeu united , tho one to Prussia , and the other to Austria , boih those governments have used their utmost exertions to ameliorate the condition of the peasants . luthe Grand Duchy of Posen as iu all

      the provinces ofthe monarchy , the Prussian government had _constantly endeavoured to improve the condition of those people , and tliey had a right to bold laud ; they bad obtained special jurisdictions instead of those under which they imu been formerly placed . When , therefore , an attempt was made 10 excite them to join iu the revolt , they had _ivfused , because their situation was now belter than it bad ever hitherto been . The same had taken place iu Gallicia , where , since the laws of Maria Theresa aud Joseph 11 ., tbe condition of the peasants had been mucu ameliorated . That was thc true reason which had influenced thecouduct of the peasants of Gallicia . There was not the slightest necessity to bring forward these odious suppositions of the setting a price

      on the heads of the nobles and the clergy ; they had stronger motive * for their conduct , in tlie improved condition in which they lad heen placed . At the very moment when these events wcre threatening , before the results of the insurrection were known , the Austrian govemment foresaw all that happened , and it had expressed its lears that a revolution among the peasants would break out simultaneousl y with another insurrection , and it feared that fresh difficulties and fr «> h causes of embarrassment might arrive . That was what was foreseen h y Prince Metternich _, who communicated it tothe French government . The Chamber might form its opinion « n these assertions , lie was not charged to defend ii om . tbat trims ' ii- such ar such a foreign government , but lie _cohsiuered _himbt'lt eailed upon to dissipate false ideas

      The Polish Insuiiuectlon. Proclamation *...

      aud erroneou s opinions . De might refrain from « ntering into any further explanation on the subject , but he would not quit the tribune without explaining the ideas of the government . ( Hear . ) It was not without a deep feeling of grief and without a seri .. _tis conviction that his friends and himself had , in 1831 , adopted and supported , with regard to Poland , the _lineVif policy which had been followed . The Chamber wonld permit him to remind it of the motives of tlieir conduct and their policy—the non-intervention of France in the affairs of Poland . The iutere 3 t of France called for this policy . They thought , that after the revolution ot Jul y , France should establish her own government , and cover witli her buckler not only her own independence hut that

      , of those countries which were closely connected with her—Belgium , Switzerland , and Piedmon t , TllC national interest of France Imposed this policy on them . Another motive influenced them—tlie right of nations . Frame accepted the state of Europe ; and it was a matter of faith to maintain good relations between its governments . Such were the motives whieh , in . 1831 , determined the line of policy to be adopted by France , and they had been too often discussed from that tribune to reako it necessary for him to allude further to them on the present occasion ; and now , when after sixteen year .- * they wcre reaping the fruits of their poliey—prosperity aud security at home , and consideration and security abroad—he did not consider it was a

      moment to abandon it on motives less grave and imperious than those which led to its adoption in 1831 . This policy imposed on them two duties towards the unfortunate Poles ; tho lirst was not to hold ont to them any illusory or false hopes , and the _SBCOUll , to render them every relief compatible with the interests of France and with the law of nations . Such had always beeu their line of conduct , and such it wonld continue to be ; and whilst tliey remained faithful to this line of duty , they had a right to hope that men who placed them & _elves under the protection of France would not forget the duty imposed on

      them , not compromise the hospitality they received . What would be tiie feelings of the Chamber were it ' to learu that Abd-el-Kader was receiving assistance from a foreign Power ? Was there any one in that assembly but would feel that the interests of France would bo thwarted by such a _jiroeceding ? lie begged the Chamber to lose sight of these facts , amlot ihe position in wliich they placed the government . He was anxious that those who claimed and obtained the hospitality of France should find so good a rule for their conduct . France wished to be a place of refuge for misfortune , but not a resort for conspirators . ( Approuation from the Centres . )

      REPORTED INSURRECTION IN IIUNGAR 1 AND LITHUANIA . The Nationalsays , " We to-day learn from a source worthy of credit , that the news respecting the Polish insurrection is more favourable . One of the divisions which advanced into the Carpathian mountains has formed communications with Hungary , and two important districts of that country have flown to arms . The insurrection continues to spread iu Lithuania , aud so well aware is thc Austrian government of thc fact , that the greatest precautions have been taken to prevent the real state of things being known . Ail letters ate opened , and sueh as make the slightest allusion to the insurrection are retained . Those facts have been related to us by a traveller who has

      traversed a part of the country which has revolted , and he states that it \ _tas with the greatest difficulty that he was enabled to proceed . Notwithstanding the reserve imposed upon the journals , what tliey publish goes to confirm that which we have always said relative to the plans of the insurgents , and to the progress of the movement . " " Our government , " says the Steele , " Ought now to be satisfied ; Cracow is once more in the power of the Austriaus and Russians ; order reigns at Cracow ! According to the intelligence conveyed by thc Prussian anil German journals , it would appear thatthe insurrectional army had abandoned the province of Cracow to repair to those of Russian Poland and to Gallicia . In order to reduco as much as" possible the

      importance of the revolutionary movement , those journals set down the united forces of the insurgents at 5 , 000 men . They state that one-half that number had crossed the Vistula to enter into a hopeless struggle with Austria , and that thc other half hud remained at Cracow , which upon the approach of tlie combined forces had divided itself into several detachments _, some of wliich had thrown away their arms and returned to their homes , whilst others had crossed over to the Prussian territory . Does it fullow , because Cracow lias beeu evacuated by thc insurgents , that we ought to abandon all hope of the success of their undertaking ? If the events of Cracow tend to induce a belief that their attempts had entirely

      miscarried , other events , likewise mentioned by the German papers ( so sparing of news favourable to the Polish cause ) , would lead us to form a very different opinion , viz ., that the glorious struggle of the Poles was far from beiug terminated . The Austrian Ob . server , for instance , mentions a report that the insurgents had penetrated into Hungary , and adds , ' Things cannot now be worse ; ' and when we Und tlie partisans of Austria expressing themselves in such unequivocal language , surely we ought not to be _disheait'ined . In presence of the facts contained in the German papers , and confirmed by correspondences even more favourable to the cause of Polish independence , we once more repeat we have no reason to _ueapair . " Faku , Saturday .

      The names of thirteen deputies , in addition to those already announced as subscribers to the Polish fund , are given iu tbe journals . Baron de Rothschild has undertaken to receive the money and remit it when required , according to the orders of the _committee . Paris , Sunday . The National says— " We have to-day received the most energetic protestations against the speech pronounced by M . Guizot . How very lenient would he not Had us were we to venture to publish the expressions of indignation , contempt , and of anger , the impassioned and eloquent imprecations which he has inspired 1 Ue would then be able to say whether a man could brave with impunity the universal sentiment of his country . Let him affect what _buldm-ss

      and sangfroid he may , he will find a first ' and terrible chastisement in this concert of maledictions . What is _itill better is that the friends tu the Polish cause have considerably augmented since the discussion iu the Chamber . To give some idea of the movement caused by . this immense sympathy , we have onl > to state , that within the last eight days we have received upwards of COO letters iu reference to the Polish insurrection , to the sitting of the Chamber , to the subscription , or to the speech of M . Guizot ; and what is most remarkable is the unanimity ot sentiment contained in those letters . Continue , then , citizens of all classes , to cherish and lose nothing of those noble instincts . Think of thc insurgent _Pwles , whose cause is so just , so holy 1 Think ofthe honour of your couutvy . "

      The word repaire made use of by M . Guizot in his speech on Friday , in reply to the questions proposed by Alessrs . Odillou Darrot and de Larochejaquelin relative to the Polish insurrection , appears to have peculiarly excited the iudignation ofthe Liberal portion ofthe Paris press . In addition to a censorious article in its number of Saturday , the ConstUutionnel of Sunday says—JL Guizot has expressed aa opinion that "the Polish rctugees ought not to be suffered io convert Prance Into a rejiaire ( den ) for the nurture of revolutions and _con-^ piracies . " That word _reytaire has excited a sentiment of universal approbation among the members of the Chamber of _Deputies . It is a word seldom or never employed , except in reference to thc retreat of thieves aud as . vissins , Paris , Monday .

      Tiie opposition journals of Paris , aud most of the provincial papers , continue to keep up the agitation on the Polish question . Subscriptions are being raised everywhere , and more particularly amongst the lower classes , and they amount to-day to £ 1 , 250 . It is now very difficult to obtain information deserving credit on ; the progress or . repression of the insurrection ; but it is quite certain that every day supplies of money arc sent from Paris , and that preparations are still making nt the present moment fur sending arms to thu insurgents . Many Polish gentlemen have lelt , and are daily leaving , the French Metropolis . The pupils of the Military School of St . Cyr had subscribed 1 , 800 faults in fiwouv ofthe Poles . Those of the Veterinary School of Alfort , and of the _Colleges of St . Louis , Charlemagne , Louis le Graud _, _llourbon , St . Barbe , Rollin , Orleans , & c have likewise subscribed .

      Thc National publishes a variety of extracts from the German journals relative to tho insurrection , all of which would lead to the belief that the insurrection , even if for the present suppressed , was far from being definitely subdued , and that serious events were upon the eve of taking place . In the Chamber of Deputies no business of importance was transacted . On the reading of the prachverbal of the preceding sitting , some angry words were exchanged between members , in cousequeuec

      of certain expressions that fell from M . Guizot having been altered in the report . M . Guizot had said on thc previous day , when answering M . de la Rochejacqueiiu ' s questions , that " it could not be expected that France would be the haunt { repaire ) of all insurrectionists . " aud these words were afterwards replaced by the following : — "Thus France could not he tho focus of all revolutions and insurrections . " The alteration was evidently made in deference tu the feelings of the house towards the Polish insurgents ; and this being acknowledged , the conversation was dropped .

      MOVEMENT IN BELGIUM . The National states that a committee has beenapnoiutcd at Brussels to collect subscriptions , und is _conipiised of the following persons : —M . Joltrand , formerlv member of the Constituent Congress ; M . Uucepeiinux , Inspector-General of prisons and ( if charitable establishments ; M . Lehard y de _Jieaulicu _, advocate ; M . Funk , advocate ; M . Felix _DcJimsse , director of the _dcbat-social ; M . Adol phe Uartels , formerly exiled from Belgium . [ For the remainder of the Polish insurrection , sec our First Page . ]

      Imperial Sariouiunt

      imperial _SariOuiunt

      ^ House Of Lords-Monday, March 10. This ...

      _^ HOUSE OF LORDS-MONDAY , March 10 . This house sat half an hour , and transacted same routine business . HOUSE OF COMMONS-Monday , March IC .

      ENLISTMENT . Mr . I . Duncombe wished to ask a question of muck importance to the discipline and well-being of the army iu general . Within the last month a soldier ot the Sth regimcut had been brought to a court-martial for some oifence ; it was stated on the trial , that strictly speaking he was not a soldier nt all , as he had not been duly enlisted . On inquiry it was fount ! tiiitfc the objection wag founded on the Enlistment Aet , which provided that when a man enlisted he must bo attested by a magistrate within the district where he had eniistcd , or some one acting for such magistrate . It appeared that this soldier had been enlisted in one county and attested in another ; the consequence was , he was immediately

      discharged . Ue ( Mr . Hunoombe ) understood tliat a great number of men in the army , 5 , 000 or 0 , 000 , wcre in that position ; he understood that 400 of tne 1 st * regiment of Guards had left the regiment on that plea . He wished to ask what comae the Horse Guards intended to pursue , and whether it would not be desirable to bring in a short bill confirming those enlistments ? He understood that anothercourso had been suggested , that of compelling those wko left to refund the money tliey had received , and pay for their accoutrements . But he thought a short bill of the kind referred to would ho tlio most _Jutt' it would not only confirm those enlistments , but set at rest a doubt that had arisen as to wliothcr a soldier so attested , having served twenty-one years , would be entitled to his pension ?

      Mr . S . Herbert said , it was perfectly true that within the last two days a very great number of app lications had been received , principally from soldiers in the regiments of the Guards , claiming their discharge under circumstances correctly described by thc hon . gentleman . It was not , however , the case that any of such somiera had , on application , been granted tlieir discharge . Tlie answer had beeH io . ill such applications , that every soldier had , by a certain term of service , become a _soldier , and would receive a pension according to tlie length of that service . With respect to the statement that a claim could be made on a soldier for the refunding of his levy money , he ( Mr . S . Herbert ) thought nothing could be more unjust or _impolitic . ( Hear , bear . ) The subject was of _gieat importance , and was under the consideration of her Majesty ' * government .

      FA MIKE IN IRELAND . An interesting conversation took place on the famine and _^ _diseuse now prevalent in Ireland . Mr . S . O'Brien , Mr . Wakley , Mr . O'Connell , Sir J . Graham , Sir R _, Peel , Lord G . Bentinck , and Captaiii Jones were the principal speakers . Mr . Wakley again insisted that food , not physic , should he immediately distributed among the people of Ireland ; that the Irish Pour Law ought to be umeuded forthwith ; and that the boards of guardians in Ireland ou » ht to be

      compelled to administer relief , at unco , to the destitute poor of Ireland . Sir It . Peel endeavoured to impress upon the house the absolute necessity of proceeding without delay to sanction with their approbation the resolutions respcctiug . thc tariff , which find beeu already affirmed in committee , inasmuch a < __ those resolutions would afford the Treasury an opportunity of- issuing orders wliich would have a most favourable effect on the trade aud commerce of Ireland , and 011 the means of giving employment to the poor of time couutry .

      PRESERVATION OF LIFE ( IRELAND ) BILL . Tlie Preservation of Life Bill was brought down from the House of Lords , and was ordered to be printed . CUSTOMS' ACTS . The house then proceeded to consider the report on the Customs' Acts . Oh the question that the duty on hops be reduced to £ 2 5 s . a cwt ., Air . _Piuwptrk , on behalf of the hop-growers of Kent , opposed the reduction . After a conversation , in which Sir R . Peel , Mr . Fuller , Colonel Austen , Mr . Knight , Mr . Humphery _, Mr . li . Hope , Mr . Frewen . the Chancellor of the Exchequer , and Lord G . Bentinck joined , the house divided on the question that this reduction should be erased from tiie tariff . The numbere were for the

      amendment—Ayes 44 Noes 1 ) 1 Majority againt it —47 The reduction was therefore affirmed . On the proposition fer reducing the duties on the importation of foreign s ' iIk manufactures , which cmbraces several items in the tariif . Mr . G , _Baskhs proposed to omit this article , with all its items , from the tariff . Ho accepted the challenge of Sir It . Peel to show that thu remission ol duties had ever produced depression among the operatives of any trade to which _# uch remission had been applied . Within a few years alter the introduction of Mr . _Ilu-kisson ' s measure , a select committee had been appointed by the house to examine into the state uf the silk trade at that time , and to inquire whether any and what legislative _uieuswre

      could be passed to promote it . Tlie hou . member then rend extracts from evidence- taken by thc committee , showingthe reduction in wages in consequence of the introduction of the goods of France . Tiie poor rates ofa parish in Coventry increased from £ 1307 in 1 S 24 , to £ 2102 in 1 S 30 . Mr . Broeklehurst , ol Macclesfield , stated that in lS 2 i there weie 276 , 000 spindles in that town , and that the mill people engaged in the trade were 10 , 000 . In 1 S 2 S , two yems nfier the completion of the alteration of the duty , _thete were 15 U _. _000 spindles , and the mill people h « d been reduced to 5254 . In 18 U 1 the spindles were reduced to 122 , 000 , and the mill people to 3000 . ( Hear , hear . ) In 1824 the wages of aole-bodied men in Macclesfield were 13 s . per week ; in 1828 , 8 s . ( Id . and in 1831 , were 4 s . 7 d . ; and the wages of the women and children exhibited a similar reduction .

      Tha po » r-i '; . tes in Macclesfield in 1824 exhibited a gross expenditure of £ 4201 ; in 1829 , of .-fS 070 ; more than double . ( Hear , hear . ) The number of families relieved in 1825 was 50 ; in 1 S 31 it had increased to 511 families . How could auy one say , after this , that no case could be produced in which a removal of protection had not been immediately benelicial to the interest formerly protected ? He ( Mr- Bankes ) had answered the challenge of tiie right honourable baronet . The great manufacturers and capitalists might proclaim that tliey weie ready to nuke- _a'Awitices , and taku a _sh-wc in the triumph , of passing the present measure ; but this was the case uf the labourer and the operative , and it was to ruin them . He denied that these classes were in favour

      ofthe change ; on the contrary , he contended that they looked with dread upou the probable operation of these measures . We were fusing the manufacture of those branches of thc trade which paid high wages _. It was the manufacture of those fabrics that ought to lie especially encouraged , and not surrendered in despair of competing with the patterns ami dyes of our foreign rivals . After alllldinc to several recent meetings of the silk weavers of Manchester and Salford , to petition against tbe proposed reductions on silk , Mr . Bankes said-He might be told that the Spitalfields weavers _hau resorted to Manchester and other parts of the _kingdom , but their condition had undergone 110 _Lmprovemeiit . He found from the report of Mr . Saunders , Inspector of Factories , whose district included l )«

      rbysbire , Hampshire , Hertfordshire , Kent , Middlesex , Surrey , Wiltshire , and Yorkshire , that the following was the result ofa comparison ofa number of mills he inspected in 18 : 13 and in 1845 : —In 1833 there were 201 cotton mills ; iu _ISio , 208 ; showing an incroase of 51 ) . In the former period there were 560 wool manufactories ; iu the latter G 55 ; the increase having been 80 . In 1838 there were 38 S manufactories of worsted fabric ; in 1815 there were 438 ; showing an increase of 50 . There were 5 v flux mills in 18 _' 38 _, _whil - there wwefjo ilt ' _lSio , showing an increaseofO ; but at the former period there were 01 ) silk mills , while in 1 S 45 there were only 03—a reduction of 0 . ( Hear , hear . ) Then the total number ol children employed in factories in Lancashire , who

      came under Mr . Saunders ' s notice , was 13 , 000 , of whom only about S 00 were engaged in the silk trade . This return came up to January 1815 , and embraced a very extensive _district , and it showed that the silk weavers who had been compelled to quit London in consequence of the experimental measures for reducing duties , had not established themselves in other parts of thc kingdom . lie did not deny that some of these persons might be emuloyed in the Manchester trade—in manufacturing ' silk mixed with cotton , worsted , or other materials ; but lie must remind the house that lu ) was arguing tho question of wages . ( Hear . ) Ue found , from a paper which had been largely circulated , which was drawn up witli

      considerable ability , nnd which he had reason to believe was written by a person of eminence , that the weekly wages paid ' to silk weavers were now less by one-half than tbey were in 1824 ; and that the gross animal value of silk goods made in England was estimated to be less by _JES _. OOO OOO or £ 3 , 000 , 000 sterling than in that year . He found also from the same document , that while the average value ol Eng lish silks exported to France in 1844 , was 7 s . Od . per pound , the average value of French silks imported into this country during the same period was 50 s . per pound . This fact showed thc difference in the qualities of silk manufactured in the two countries , and the more remunenitive employment which must necessarily be ailbvded to the working classes in

      prance . Mr . W . Ellis directed thc attention of the liouse to the altered circumstances of the silk trade . The question was not uow whether we could return to a prohibitory system . That was clearly impossible , and , moreover , i « was not likely that , if wo returned to lb-it system we could nstore to the operatives their former wages , lie considered that it would be greatly lor the interest of Spitallields if the whole of this protection were withdrawn , lie recommended the house to throw open thc silk trade , and 10 cease to proclaim its inferiority to thai of France _, " ihcn men of capiial would go into it , and our silk

      ^ House Of Lords-Monday, March 10. This ...

      manufactures would not onl y rival , but would he ai - solutely superior to those of France . _^ Mr . _BnocKLEinmsi considered that , though an open trade might benofit the wholesale and large retail dealers , yet tbat it must prove injurious to « H classes _ciigagul in our domestic manufactures . Thero was 11 population of 40 , 000 or 50 , 000 in Alaccleshwd , and tt was his ( Mr . Brocklehurst ' s ) outy U > defend then * interests , just a » much as it was the interest of the lion , gentleman to defend the interest of the whoicsai ' . * dealers . They might say , if they pleased , that when work people found that thty were notable to obtain proper wage , in one trade tliey should seek more profitable employment ; but this was not easily done . 1 ) uv _liustsiiH-e , he ittd not himself think that a *

      _sllOCinilliei' I ' OIlJd ho easily converted Into a milliner - ( "hear , hear , " and laughter ) -aml he would leave political economists to show how this transition from one class of labour to another mis to take place . ( Hear , hear . ) Hehad been intrusted with a petition from Macclesfi'dd , and the petitioners stated that they had learned with surprise and sorrow that the remission of the duty on silks in 1824 , and the admission of foreign silk goods in 1 S 20 , were _considered by the government to be successful measures . So far from that being thocase , the petitioners stated that they never should be able to forget the effect produced by those measures on their condition ; for , in

      1820 , many thousands in Macclesfield were thrown out of employment , and one-half of the manufacturers , aUsng with their workpeople , wcre reduced to a state of ruin , frum which they had never emerged ; that wages fell one-half , and to this day had a continual downward tendency . Such was the state oi the Macclesfield weavers . ( Hear , hear . ) Before the effect produced by those measures , weavers had been known to save their £ 100 or £ 150 , but the _petitioners stated that uow tliey could not remain out ol work for a fortnight without being obliged to do whai they considered degrading—namely , make an application to thc parish for relief .

      SirG . Cm'kk , in answer to Mr . Bankes' quotations from evidence collected in 1832 , detailed statements ofthe then existing distress among the silkweavers , whieh were made at a public meeting held nt the Mansion-house in 1 S 1 G . From this information it appeared that distress among tlie Spitallields weavers was © wing to other causes than the operation of the measures of 1 S 24 and 1820 . lie attributed the superior success which had attended our cottcn manufacture , as compared with our manufacture of silk , to the want of any artificial stimulus in the case of the former . lie quoted Air . Saunders ' report to show the increased employment _anorded o ( late years by the silk manufacture at Derby . All parties concerned in the trade wore anxious for the measure proposed by government . Mr . _Nkwukc-atje supported thc amendment of Mr . Bankes , and Messrs . Hawes , Adderley , and Ellicc opposed it .

      Lord G . Bextjsck said , the right lion . _tienSleman , Vice-President ofthe Board of Trade , in liis attempt to answer the able—most able speech with which the amendment had been proposed , had jumbled up the whole of the trade from the year 1 S 10 to 1815 , and had mixed up ten years of protected trade wiih twenty years of free trade ; and then the right hon . gentleman said , " Seehew , during the last thirty years , the silk trade of this couutry has prospered lie had been waited upon by three gentlemen Irom Coventry who were concerned in the ribbon tradethey wcre Mr . Burberry , Mr . Caldecott , and Mr . M'Cray , They stated that while thero had been only two mills , erected in Coventry since the last alteration of tke law for the inanutacturc of bonnet

      ribbon , there had been no less than five erected in the town of St . _Ktienne , in France ; that was to say , St . Etienne had flourished at ihe expense of Coventry . There was a description of ribbon which they could manufacture at Coventry as cheaply as the French ; but the satin _ribbons were a more costly articlo , and the competition was much against them . The French could produce it at iKJs . a pound , whereas the English manufacturer required a _mivunaviitu . n of 753 . If the duty of 30 per cent , therefore should he reduced , the trade of Coventry in this article would be entirely destroyed . Tlie member ibr Leicester ( Mr . Wynn Ellis ) had admitted that goods from abroad were more to be disposed of on more _advantageous terms by the great wholesale dealers ( of

      which the hou . member was himself one ) than the ¦ _outls manufactured at home . But let the house compare the _population employed by theao vast slaughter-houses , as they were designated , with tlio population engaged in thc manufacture of silk ribbuns . The great warehouses , the _pvojivictora of which made enormous fortunes , were inrerested in driving the English manufacturers out of the market , because they could buy cheaper from Franco . It was to such mun that her Majesty ' s ministers had lent a ready ear . But how many persons did they employ ? According to the information he had received , soiiie two or three of the larger houses employed about 150 persons in tbe height of the London season , after wliich tliese individuals were sent about

      their business . But what was the number of persons employed in the silk trade ? There were 58 , 200 per .-wis so employed , besides 0 S 00 ribbon weavers , and 08 , 000 other weavers not particularly distinguished , but no doubt a rery large portion of them were employed in the silk mamifac * uie . There was another article connected with the trade , called figured gauze . The member for Leicester ( Mr . W . L'ilis ) was compelled to admit that the weavers of Coventry had been already driven from this branch of trade . The figured gauzes were worth 180 s . per lb . The silk of wliich they were made was purchased at 28 s . per lb . So that the difference between 180 s . and 28 s ., beiug no less than 150 s . per lb ., was expended in labour and pivfit . liy French competition , the

      trade 111 gauze ribbons had been driven out of Coventry , for there were oniy two houses that now manufactured any . The duty under which tbe French competition had had thia effect , was 27 s , 0 d „ and ii was now proposed to reduce it to 14 s ,, when Coventry could uot remitit undera duty of 27 s . Od . What did those gentlemen , who called on him yesterday , say with regard to wages—why that they were reduced twenty per cent , since _1 S 20 . He ( L 01 d G . Bentinck ) did not apprehend thai the _mamifaeturcrs _couh ' . grind them down any further , ( Hear , and cheers . ) in order to enable them to compete with _forei-jueis they had dragged the weavers from the loenis whicli they worked at home to place them in mills suid factories , and had reduced wages to the lowest

      possible point . It was clear , therefore , that unless it was intended to destroy the trade uf Coventry altogether , this reduction ought not to take place . He would nut go to Macch > tield , thc hou . member for that borough was a witness to the consequences office-trade in silk . He mentioned as a striking and singular fact , that a gentleman , with whom he was acquainted , had lent to the silk manufacturers , in small sums , , £ 30 , 000 , and that he had iu consequence of their distress become the _reltictaiii . proprietor of mills which only five years before cost £ 120 , 000 . One mill , which had cost £ 14 , 000 , his friend had obtained for £ 1 , 700 . Was that a proof of tlie prosperity of

      the silk trade ? Nay more , was it a proof of the perfeetsuccess of the free tr ; _ido system ? Referring to that item of the silk duties which reduces the duty paid on the importation of foreign silk dresses from £ 2 10 s , to £ 110 s ., be reminded the houso that this reduction would have a most injurious effect on the milliners and dressmakers of England , who amounted in number to 100 , 000 persons . Would the house leave these women to starve , or to a fate worse than starvation , because they could not come to thc liouse and knock loudly at its doors ? He implored the house not to consrnt to . 1 measure whicli wouid inflict ruin on so many thousands of individuals ,

      Sir It . Pbel hoped that those who were now called upon to decide upon tlie scheme of commercial policy would maturely consider the fact * within their reach , before thoy camo to a conclusion upon it on the mere impulse of feeling . He contended that it would not be for the interest nor for the morality of tho working classes to recur to that prohibitory system , because , as he showed by reference to what occurred in Spitalfields in 1800 , IS 12 , and 1810 , there _Wi-ro periodically sufferings among the operatives in the silk trade , which it was impossible to parallel bv anything whicli had occurred since the relaxation of the prohibitory and protective duties . In tlio conclusion of his speech , Lord G . Bentinck had referred in terms of misapplied pathos to tlie melancholy condition to wliich the milliners and dressmakers would be reduced by the present proposition ol the government . Now , if there was one class of

      pursuits who suffered more than another from the illicit introduction of silk articles , it was that very class mi wliich his noble friend had expended his sympathies . There was a false reliance on the protection system , aud foreign silk dresses could now be got iu this country at a cost not greater than that of the duty which the government now proposed . He concluded by stilting that one of his great objects in proposing the present tariff was to cut up by the roots the system of smuggling , which mulcted greater iujury on the operatives than could easily be caieulated . Mr . _D'Ismaeli maintained that the cause which the Protectionists were now defending was that of the working classes ot the community . With regard to Sit * R . Peel ' s assertion , that his scheme was calculated to cut up smuggling by the roots , he asked how Sir 11 . Peel reconciled it to his plan to leave a duty of £ 1 , 200 per cont . on tobacco , and 250 pur cent .

      on tea . The house then divided , when there appeared f ' thc

      amendment—Ayes Ill Woes 220 Majority 10 ( 1 Tho article was then inserted in the amended tariff . The other orders of the day were disposed of , and the house adjourned at half-past one o ' clock . IIOUSE OF LORDS—Tuesday , Mauch 17 . _^ TllE OREGON TERRITORY / . The Earl of Ci . ai ; _i :. i » on moved for such portions of the diplomatic correspondence respecting the Oregon negotiation , as the Earl of Aberdeen might think it consistent with public duty to produce . Nothing could be further from his wishes than to _embamus the government ; but though the _lanjiuage uf tin * British and American governments hud " been entirely

      Pacific, Yet 11. Cmld Nut Be Denied That...

      pacific , yet 11 . cmld nut be denied that the two countries weiv . ' insensibly drifting towards a war . li was time , ho _th' . ii » iit , _to break the sileuee so rigidly preserved on tbis snio the Atlantic , and to furnish il « j house with ml the inloimaiiou that could prudently he furnished . He was convinced that 1111 ablt r negotiator than Mr . Pakenham could not bo found , and that the government hud acted most judiciously in overy step it _iiad taken in the matter ; for it had di ' . clared to the world that it would not engage in war until every means of _keopiug peace were exhausted _. It was niorally _impossible that two such nations a * England and Ameiica should _wnibroil themselves for a comparatively wm thless terriioiy , and he should conclude by moving for tlie _covrcrpondcucc , aud try asking what course the government intetith d to pursite in the event of tlie Senate concurring 111 t ' _- . e twelvemonth ' s notice .

      The Karl of Anciimio said it was only natural that tiie public should desire authentic information on the Uregon negotiation , and there could bu no _valid reason foj refusing snme of the papers in question ; hue he must reserve to himself the right of withholding a large portion of the _QttimnovidenvAS , because its production at the present moment would be injtiriouHtu the public interests . In fact , he should not have been disposed voluntarily to produce any part of it ; for , though the _American government bad done so , that was no precedent , as they weie differently situated . The United Status Executive had eailed on the legislature to take a direct course in the matter ; that was not our case : hi * _Majesty ' s _governiiiuut . had no intention ut , _present of Cilll ' lllg Oil

      Parliament ior an opinion , ami therefore _llieiiifumiation sought wns not iudi . > peiisiiblo . Besides , in the prisent undecided slate of the negotiation , the production uf ihe whole _eoiTC-pondenccmishc induce au ut » iavourrblc opinion us tothe result of the negotiation , for whicli reason lie must also decline tu say what course it was intended to pursue with respect " to the _twclYeiuoii'li ' _s notice , lie had every hope that the issue of the _triuiiuetioii would be pacific , but htili it must be remembered that in M > de . icatu a matter every wcll-inleutioued effort mij , ht be _uimvaiiing . He would conclude by repeating emphatically the toliowing words f ' tvin her Alajesty ' a _Spei cii— " That nO effort will bo spared cuuMnieutiy with the national honour to bring this question to an early and successful termination . "

      Lord _HitocciiAM and Lord AsinwitTO'V made a few observations . The motion wa 3 then put and agreed to ; after which , a .-hoit conversation eiwueu on _iheMibjectof tlie equipment mid _dismantling of her Majesty ' s ship Belleruphon at Portsmouth , anil their _Jortiships adjourned at a quarter pact six o ' clock . HOUSE OF _COMMONS-Tui-sio t , Makch 17 . Mr . T , ItevVcoMiit ; presented a petition from the Tower Hamli'ts iu favour of tiie _hberat ' _-on of Ernst , William : * , and Jones ; also a petition in favour uf the Ten Hours' Bill ; aiid . i _[ ictiiion Irom tome _respectable inhabitants of Hoiborn , complaining of the _nuisiiHcc and detriment io business caused by a piece of ground belonging to the Commissioners of Woo . s and Forests being left vacant . Mr . Pattisos presented a petition , signed by upwards of 2000 01 the inhabitants on _' _oiiinuam , Etliiioiiton , ami their vicinities , against iho enrolment ofthe militia .

      Dr . Bowitixu presented twenty-sight petitions _against calling out the militia , trom _Snut ' iampcm and various other places ; aiso eleven petitions , pray _, ins ; that in all international treaties a clause be iusorted , binding countries to _submit all matters ot ' public _conwoversy to friendly arbitration , instead of . -ippealin _* , ' to arms _.

      PUBLIC BUSINESS . Mr . Stapfoud O'Bribh _, on the _rciuiiiujof the order of the day lor receiving tne report of the committee on the ( Justnui _» ' Acts , made an _attack upon Sir R . Peel , 011 account of his not _havini * yet submitted tc-Parliameiit any of the measures , save the Now Settlement Bill , Whieh he had said were to accompany thc measure for the abolition of ihe Com Laws , as tt compensation to the _agricultural interest lor any loss which it might sustain . The Chancellor ofthe _Exchequeii observed , that if Sir Robert Peel was not iu lib place tnat evening ,.

      it was only fair to infer , from tiie constancy o his acteiidaiuns in Parliament , that be was prevented by tho pressure of other pubiie business . Lie could have wished ihat Air . Staft ' uru O'Brien , as bir it . Peelhud beeu in his place every ni _^ hc during the last ieven weeks , had selected an evening when Sir li . Peel was present , instead of the _fiist when he was absent , for tin ' s very une . vpcclid attack . He reminded the house that the Settlement Bill had already been printed , and informed it that thu Highways Bate Bill and the Draiuiu _^ u Bill weie uow considerably advanced , and wtuid shoniy be laid ok the table .

      COiUY AND CUSTOMS' IMPORTATION ACTS . Upon the order of the day _( the further proeeediug on tiic Customs' and Corn Importation lteporc ) beiug read , a tedious conversation ensutd upon ihe already well-debated article of silk . Air . Aiu . vrz followed the example by reverting to the zinc question . At thu item spirits and strong waters , Alderman _Tuomi'sox oitered his _pri'test to the _proposed rcduclion in duty as inexpedient , as well 011 considerations of revenue as on other _ground * . The animal loss to the revenue from this course would be upwards of £ 100 , 000 , while the advantage , if any , wouid result exclusively to middle and upper classes of the community . He moved the omission ol the above words from the resolution . Air . Ewart supported , and the Marquis of Granby opposed , the reduction .

      Air . Caivdwell argued that the revenue would not be injured oy the _diuiiiu ' slied rate ot auty , Willie the morality of the country would he equally inviolate ; consumption would not be _hu-reasod—but illicit distillation would be encouraged . Our trade with France woultl also be benefitted by the reduction . Air . iv . MoiiT having siid a few words , the house divided , when the numbers were—For the amendment ... ... ... 34

      Against it ... ... ... ... 05 _Majority agaiust the amendment —31 The article-clover-seed induced a most lugubrious supplication from All * . Allix . lie expected that the abolition of thc existing duty would cause the most wide-spread misery throughout thc land , exiling the landowners from tlieir paternal acres , and destroying the whole class of agricultural labourers . Sir It . _Pkul offered his testimony to Mr . _Allix ' s patriotism , but showed slight sympathy with the hon . geiitlemun ' s apprehensions . This objection was not pressed to a division . On thc next ; resolution being read ,

      Air . Milks regretted that ministers had determined to remit the small duty winch Had been retained in the tariff of 1812 , on the importation of foreign cattle , lie showed that the duty iiad neither been prohibitory nor unproductive ; aud if the supply of foreign beasts for tne market at bmithfield had been recently stopped , it was owing to the reluctance ofthe importers tointroduce auy foreign cattle until the present duty was repealed . When that duty waa taken oft the market would he quite "inundated " with foreign cattle . He thought that tlu * duty ought tu be retained until the expiration of the Corn Laws ; and such being his opinion , he moved , as au amendment , to strike out _^ of the resolution the words , " oxen and bulls , cows , lambs , swine and hogs , bacon , beet ' salted , pork fresh , pork salted , iie . " Colonel _SiKTJioKi * seconded the amendment .

      Sir 11 . Pukl justified the reduction of duty now proposed , aud showed tha ; it could not be productive of any injury to the agricultural interest . Competition witli Irish cattle was quite as formidable to the English grazier as competition with Dutch and Banish cattle . And yet the English grazier competed successfully with the Irish grazier . Why , then , should he be afraid of competing with thc foreigner ? It was said that the price ot cattle had recently increased . No v ; _, did it never occur to the V . otuctiuiiists that the increased price might be occasioned by itierenseil consumption , and that increased consumption might be the result of the labouring classes having enjoyed , during the lust year , better wages and more _eonaMni employment 1

      A distUision then t > ok place , in whicli Air . Finch , the Chancellor ofthe Exchequer , Sir J . Tyrrell , Air . Viiliers _, Sir J . Trollopc , Mr . P . Borihwiek , Sir J . Walsh , Mr . E . Yovke _, Sir C . Knightly , Air . C . ltruee , and Lord G . Bentinck joined , anu in which ; tho speakers ran riot over the most multifarious topics . The Excise duties were discussed—so too was the malt tax , amltlic comparative merit of malt and oilcake in fattening cattle . Tho influence of railroads was taken into consideration , as was also the state of Ireland , the _praidial outrages of its peasantry , and the want of employment among its population geuerally . The disinterestedness ol the

      landowners , and the _sellis _. i objects of the manufacturers in propagating free trade principles , and in seeking the repeal of the Corn Laws , were dwelt on with infinite gusto , whilst much eloquence was wasted bv the " agricultural mind" upon the impossibility o ' f relying on the professions of government , on tlie probability of Sir It . Peel ' s scheme being rejected by the House of Lords , and tho certainty of tho Protectionists obtaining a majority in the next Parliament , if an appeal were now ' made to the country _} As to the resolution itself , very littlo was said , as it seemed to bo almost forgotten until there was a call fur a division .

      Ihe house then divided , when there appeared—For the amendment 72 Against it Ill Majority against it 39 The announcement of the numbers was received with 1 oud cheers from tho Protection benches . The original proposition was then agreed to . , „ Another division took place on the article "hides , ' in which the government proposition was carried hy a majorit y of IU . ., An objection was also taken by Mr . L . iwsos to the reduction on "linens ; " but it was not pressed to a division . . , ,, ., On the timlier duties being read , Mr . Mitciiki . 1 . moved the dace _ISili instead of 1 _S-1 T ou the first resolution , wliich was negatived without a division . The _vttwluthm on the *; imber duties was then put substantively .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_21031846/page/7/