Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 18th January 1845, Edition 4 of 4, Page 7, tJobti ccltere.—Since the date of our la...

Page 7
Page 7
7 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (4)
    • $gticttltuve ant* horticulture
    • Science ana art
    • isanttruw, $t
    • MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
  • Text (10)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Jfantl4bt 18, 1845. The Northern Star.

      _JFANTL 4 BT 18 , 1845 . THE NORTHERN STAR .

      $Gticttltuve Ant* Horticulture

      _$ gticttltuve ant * _horticulture

      Tjobti Ccltere.—Since The Date Of Our La...

      tJobti _ccltere . —Since the date of our last article , _weather Las been unusually mild , and a favour-Li _,, _opportunity has been presented for thoroughly _HitUatiug ah the plant-houses , pits , frames , & c 'hose who have the convenience of a Bmall forcing it may commence forcing a few rhododendrons , _Jjjt _^ _s Chinese azaleas , China roses , hydrangeas , _lasaaH Macs , _& c , which , if gently forced , will come Ito bloom at a most desirable period , and make the Lcrvatory very gay in the month of March , April , nd May- A pit heated with hot water is best adapted L _^ pu rpose , as the heat is mild and regular , and brother more congenial to the growth ofthe plants L _^ _the ordinary smoke flues . Such a pit might be _^ trueted at a very small expense , and would prove

      _Suable to those who love to see flowers in their _cenhouse the whole year round . The pit should constru cted with a narrow passage at the back , iliat in cold weather the plants might be rtcred and attended to without removing the _shes . It would be an improvement if a small iiionof thepit were fitted upwithahotwatertank , _ffder that a gentle bottom heat mi ght be provided thoseplants which prefer such treatment A pit [ _gisiing of four or five lights would be sufficiently _^ to furnish a moderate-sized conservatory with jiniing plants during the wintcrand springmonths . ic suue boiler would heat the -water in the tank as $ as that in the pipes . Those commencing to ve should maintain a temperature of from 50 to

      I _dcrrrees by day , and from -10 to-50 degrees by night . » t the plants be properly attended to with water , [ _dsliehtJy syringed in the middle of the day with iter which lias been standing seme time in the pit . _JLc Greenhouse . The early geraniums are throw-„ up their trusses of bloom , and should be neatly " _fced out , and the plants should be frequently turned ( , ni to induce a regular growth . Guano water may liberally supplied , taking care that it is sufficiently _luied , especially if the imported guano lie used ; ! prefer Potter ' s guano for plant cultivation . —The _ww-garden . A few of the lialf-hardy annuals , & as _Xemophylla Glarkia , d _* c , may be sown in us , and placed on a shelf in the greenhouse ; they U come in well for early planting out . — The finery

      ose who intend to commence forcing their vinery February , should shut up the hothouse from this ie , and should Jay on a good coating of long dung er the vine border . The vines mav be syringeu ce a day . _—Tla Kitchen-garden . Continue the ' _prunj and nailing of the wall trees , and the pruning of [ ihe small fruits . _—BeWs Weekly Messenger . Florists' Flowers . —Tulipt will soon be showing Hiisclves , especially where planted early : though , in _u- « ouence of the wet weather in November , several _isc and first-rate collections were not put in the _oiind till very late : this is very prejudicial to the ture bloom . —Carnations are this season

      genc-Uy healthy ; yet they also must receive every atteniii , _esntt-ialiy by keeping them free from dead oi caving leaves , or from too much moisture . Take re never to close the frames when the foliage _anccs to be wet , as this is extremely pernicious , id induces ' mildew and other diseases , which often nously affect a whole collection . —Pint * . Look er the beds , and fasten those plants which have en raised by the late frost . Do not yet replace any gutties , hut wait till nearer spring , when the inks may be filled up with safety . Continue to e every precaution as to protection , < fcc . Turn iiiposts * and keep a , vigilant eye for destructive

      Cottagers _Calexdab . —At this season , when there jlitileto bs done in the way of cropping , everything wind the cottage should be made clean and neat ; 1 vegetable refuse should be collected to rot for maik—nothing of this kind should be lost _! While ic weather is favourable , a sowing of Marshall ' s snuf , frolific or Mazagan Beans may be made . hey may be sown in drills about eighteen inches tart , and planted about three inches apart in the ilL A sowing of the Early Frame Pea , if not already me , may also now be made on a warm border . For is crop the seeds mav be sown prettv thickly , and

      ease of hard frost they should be protected by fern furze , < tc . 5 and some of the latter chopped may put in the drills to prevent the ravages of mice . ; autumn is the best time for pruning all kinds of lit trees , even the peach , every opportunity that rare should be embraced for performing the operaib . Gooseberries and currants , if not already _rnied , may now be done , so as to allow the ground be dug amongst them ; and all vacant ground should ¦ turned up rough as early as possible , in order that mav receive the benefit of the frost .

      "Home" and " Fokeigx" Maxcres . —In many calitics there is a great waste of valuable manures , rough neglect and want of skill or energy in not [ lifting proper means to collect them . In some ighbourhoods these manures , thus allowed to run waste , are a complete nuisance ; while large sums money ate annually expended for foreign manures , c fertilising properties of which , in many cases , are _lausted in the first season : besides which , the _rmer is often cheated by the infamous tricks _pracied by some of the dealers in these manures . There a be no doubt that much good has been derived im guano , Ac ; and that more may be expected ben the proper mode of their application is more ncrally understood . But this does not leave us ith any excuse for neglecting the valuable resources hieh we possess ourselves .

      The Son . wm , pboduce its owx Manures . —The il wiD never become exhausted if properly treated , a will continue to improve in depth , purify , and rtflity , by an increased attention being paid to it . ; is true that the food of plants may be exhausted in ly soil by a contumced succession of cropping of _ljfflic fjfflrily or order , through owe own neglect , our ignorance of the proper way of returning the soil the beneficial properties it stands in ¦ ed of . The soil itself does not require what is comordy called rest ; but Is always ready to yield t beautiful products most rjomitifully , if we fly combine in its management foresight ,

      _judgioit , and industry : under such a- discipline _> e will produce a sufficiency of the most _nairal manures for every succeeding production _, very useful fertiliser , and , to a considerable extent , _« nd manure , maybe obtained in many _localities _fektrring or carbonising materials which are now of it little value , and , in many cases , are almost itirely lost to all useful purposes—such as tan , saw-| _3 , chips , and refuse from timber yards , hedge-[ Bimings , sods , turf , and all kinds of refuse vegetaffl . The experience of many years has taught that ? application of these things in a carbonised state productive ofthe most beneficial effects .

      Charcoal , ob Burst Vegetable Mattee , as a _sanusER . — -As some persons have not _beensosuesrful as they expected to be in the use of this niliscr , they ought to know that thorough drainage inst be the grand object kept in view ; in other m * _K there must be a free admission of the atmoilierie air into the earth , or but little benefit will be _: medfromchareoaL It is _toitsaW-bing and consang properties , and its giving off its useful _» pcrue » slowly but permanently , when the atmo-Hiere has free admission , that its value is _Mbniabla . The result of a long experience is ¦ _nj'ly this—that those plants to which charcoal has _Sfl applied , In connection with a thorough drainage , * always the healthiest , the most luxuriant , and leuest rooted . "When flic drainage has been im-¦ nect or slovenly , invariably the contrary effects ive been produced , although the quality andpro-> nions of the soils have been the same as in the

      ner ease . Guano sciexuficallt spokes or . — " Home" _Ma"se the best . —When Sir Robert Peel , in his _ad-^ to the farmers of Tamworth , called their at-Uiion to guano , he did so under the impression SI it might be a means for increasing the fertility the laud , and a panacea for their losses occasioned r the tariff and the new Corn Laws . Since then , the est extravagant encomiums have been published in j favour , many of which may be traced to persons _fcrestcd in its sale . I am not going to deny , that , < a means for assisting to raise an occasional crop of uinus for cattle food , it may answer ; but I much isLto bring the attention of farmers to the fact , _at , at best , four cwt . of guano can only force a

      _***• of corn at the expense of other materials in the _M ; and in so doing , having supplied only 3001 b _4 _> w'b . of the elements of vegetation , it will take waihe soil some tons . Its use , therefore , must , _[ ues other sources of nutriment are supplied , cause _^ _'poiutnient , or a rapid exhaustion ofthe land , to _H'flioanent injury . An application of four cwt . _fgttano , of which about 121 b . per cwt . is water , is r _^ anvd a full dressing for an acre of land , whilst a _* P _« corn takes away 40001 bs . to _oOOOlbs . of the _Pc elements that constitute guano . The following r _* aiow 3 the actual elements of vegetation in the r «« l oops taken in four years , and after a dress-P _» a « d prior to another application ; aud although _LnTr P ° _rtion may be supposed to have been taken ¦ _" _* ui

      e ah aud moisture , still the necessity that _^* a } s experienced in practice for periodically £ ? -f " _** " - laud ' A- * _dMfinenoe in the _Jtlitf tlie a PI ' licat * on of manure , as contrasted at n , _Polit y caused by continued cropping withlauu . if auon ' suow tha * _Prke ' _pa 1 V oriion of i _tj _^ . " 10 t the entire , must be derived from matter ¦ " vtd i * i ' { _" _^ fcrtkmof cropping hitherto con-\ ttfjy teilie most enlightened and profitable is _rW ! hi _^ ftllnii P > oat 3 or barley , seeds , and r _^ _uimti _^ _""" _" o with a dressing , and by the ' _eousiAn i ° a tne ground of the turnips , sufficient " it _fiTO _^ t <) aav « been bestowed on the landto _adrlthoQt r , J _?' v'Si of corn and one of hay being taken _EStful w _? H er * _nanuring . That this should be _suclusijS ! aud _without detriment to the soil ** > U _^ t ii , _aPPh _' ed _. is readily shown by the _* ent . _"J dressing consists of ftom fifteen to « e away _^ _Peracre ; whilst thecrops , when dried , m _tie _' _dT r ° ut five t 0 DS * sai when _**•* water _"" _^ th at _nf j beeu removed , it is curious , but re Sutofn , at , _deotor and creditor account ofthe 1 £ arl y to _^ jr _^ P _^ _cd and withdrawn may be said _een of _& _£ _*** But should the dressing have _^ ° toal _^ ik 0 ffiu S same retum to haTe _^ _'" _"'J out which 1 do not for a moment be-

      Tjobti Ccltere.—Since The Date Of Our La...

      lieve possible ) the acre will have lost ll , 0501 bs . of nutriment , 4001 bs . alone having been supplied . It is clear , therefore , either that guano cannot give for the corn what dung will ; or , if it does , it must be by stimulating the inert matter alreadv in existence in the soil , and of course at the expense of Latent nutriment , and to the impoverishment of the land for the future . An acre of land , cropped with turnips , oats , seeds , and wheat , allowing the turnips to have been fed on the ground , and only one crop of hay taken , affords , exclusive of water , the following vei 0 hL nf the elements of vegetation : — ** Produce of on _^ cre in , Four Years . When Composition . dried . Car , Hyd . Ox . Nit . Ash . Sis . tbs . lbs . lbs . lbs . lbs . lbs . Oats 2 , 240 1 , 990 9 G 3 122 697 42 76 Ditto Straw .. 3 , 8 S 8 2 , 750 1 , 378 148 1 , 073 11 140 \ l * 5 3 , 024 2 , 400 1 , 137 120 908 50 185 » neat 1 _. S 90 1 , 600 735 94 695 37 38 Ditto Straw .. 3 , 240 2 , 400 1 , 161 127 035 9 168 14 , 282 11 , 0-50 5 , 374 611 4 * 308 149 C 08 The loss by cropping , experienced in both farming and gardening , as proved , may be regained only by dressings ; it is , therefore , most unreasonable to suppose that hy any means the appropriation of 400 lb . of guano can supply the materials here shown to be withdrawn . The elements of guano are precisely the same as those removed by the growth of these crops ; they likewise agree with those of vard manure , differing only in the relative proportions of their components , and guano is remarkable only for the lar"cr proportion of nitrogen and its quicker _' decomposition . It is to the latter quality that its success in promoting the early growth of the turnip plant is owing ; but that it affords the materials for a single crop of corn I think I have shown to be impossible , and , if so , the landowners are greatly prejudicing themselves by persuading their tenants to use it . Unfortunately , the only purpose to which I think it may be applied is , in forcing beyond the reach of the fly the early growth of the young turni p plant . I fear its use for this purpose may be mischievous in lessening the apparent necessity and proper application of stock excrement . In that case , gradual , although certain , deterioration ofthe land will result . I wish to caution farmers not to expect 400 lbs . of jjuano to raise 11 , 050 lbs . of corn and hay , lest , hke the pursuit of the philosopher ' s stone , or ofthe , essence of food ( of whieh a pill a day was to suffice for a strong man ) , they , like the alchemists of old , waste their labour and their means in their pursuit of an unattainable end . I think it is absurd to imagine that vegetable growth can be attained otherways than by the consumption or transmutation of an equal amount of elementary matter . To give the earth a ton to get back a ton , sounds reasonable and plausible ; but to imagine that the materials of one can produce eleven , is 1 leave the reader tosupply the hiatus . —Hewitt Davis . —Spring Park , near Croydon . The _Murrain ox the Coxtixext . —The disease which has reigned among the horned cattle of Bohemia since the end of October is the contagious typhus . It commenced in the frontier province of Southern Russia , from whence it was propagated into GaUicia , and was carried by some oxen from Gallicia to Moravia , and thence to Bohemia . The malady not beingrecognised at the commencement , no sequestration or interruption of communication took place , and the typhus , therefore , obtained an extension . No sanatory cordon has been placed on the frontier of Bavaria , nor is it considered necessary , as the most efficacious means are now adopted in Bohemia to check the progress of the disease , and arrive at the extinction of it .

      Science Ana Art

      Science ana _art

      Paris Aeabemr Of Sciexces.—Siitixo Of Ja...

      Paris AeABEMr of Sciexces . —Siitixo of Jax . 6 . —Several communications were received of real or imaginary improvements in railway travelling , with n view to the security of passengers ; but if we are te judge from what has occurred in the case of the Marquis de Jouftroy , it will be months or even years before a report is made upon then merits . The only communication of apparent interest at this sitting was one from M . Chaussenofc , annount-lngthat he has invented a comjneur ( indicator ) marking the rate of spcedat which a railway train travels . Is M . _Chaussenot aware that what he announces as a new invention ofliisown was invented and exhibited in Paris three years ago by Mr . " Wroughton , an English

      gentleman ? Wo saw the working model of Mr . _Wroughton ' s indicator . It marked the rate of speed in an entire line , and in such a way that the clerk at every station could know as wellat what rate the train had travelled over every part of the road as the conductor , in whose charge the indicator was to be placed . This invention , which was perfect in every part , was submitted to the Ministcrof Public Works , and by _hiin referred to the Inspector-General of Ponts-et-Chaussees ; but , although Mr . Wroughton , who is a man of property , required no remuneration , having only the public good in view , his invention was not adopted . We hope M . Chanssenot may he more successful , but the

      merit of originality doesnotlie withhim . M . Peltier informed the academy that he has ascertained that copper wires , long exposed to the action ofthe electric iiuid , become very brittle . This is a very important fact as connected with electrical telegraphs in whieh the wires are numerous and externally placed , as is the case with those of Professor Wheatstone's telegraph , but the objection docs not apply to the electrical telegraph invented by Mr . Bain , and whieh has been described in the Journal des _Chemtt ( _fe Fer . Mr . Bain accomplishes every thing with one wire placed under ground , in a coat of bitumen , and which cannot therefore break , however brittle it may be rendered by the action of the fluid . In a notice of one of the

      sittings , many months ago , we mentioned an ingenious apparatus hy a M . Chuart , the object of which is te indicate the danger from fire-damp , or the escapes of hydrogen gas , used for the purposes of _Hghtmg . Scarcely a month passes without some account of explosions in shops , cellars , & e ., from the escape of gas on the sudden application of alight , the mere smell ofthe gas not being found , as it ought to be , a sufficient warning against the use of alight , until a window should be opened to admit a free current of air , and diminish the proportion of hydrogen gas , so as to render it inexplosible . M . Chuart _' s invention consists of a ball or globe , contained in a chemical solution highly sensible to any deterioration ofthe atmosphere , and acting upon a lever which

      sets an index in motion , and thus shows the vitiated state of the atmosphere , whether in a mine or elsewhere , long before the common air can be so saturated with gas as to explode on the application of a light . The idea is exceedingly ingenious , and the application of it would be useful wherevcrgasis used for lighting , if we could believe that people who are so negligent as not to take warning by the smell of escaped gas , would like the trouble of watohing the index of a gas indicator . M . Chuart has indeed added to his invention an alarum bell , whieh is struck by the lever when the ball is thrown off its equilibrium by the vitiated state of the atmosphere . Since M . Chuart first exhibited his apparatus , he has made a great improvement . His ball or globe was originally of

      glass , which was not only too heavy , but was also liable to breakage . He now makes it rf copper , so very thin that its weight is almost nominal , and yet it is perfect in every part . We understand that lie has arrived at this perfection by means ofthe galvanic process , which gives a thinner substance than any mechanical means could effect consistently with the compactness that is required for the certain operation of the apparatus . M _. Ohatin made a communication of much interest in relation to the question lately put to the academy , as to whether the sale of arsenic might be prohibited without material injury to the

      purposes of science and domestic economy for which it Is used ? One ofthe objects to tbe prohibition of this poison was its use in the treatment of grain , to prevent the development of smut . M . Ghatin states , as the result of several experiments , that the use of arsenic on seed corn does not prevent the development of this disease , and therefore that , as regards this application of the poison , no injury could be sustained by the prohibition of the sale . It may he ¦ well to observe hero that com , to the seeds of whicli arsenic is applied , is not impregnated at all hy the poison there is no trace whatever of it as the vegetative process proceeds .

      The Siaks . —It has long been concluded amongst astronomers that the stars , though thoy only appear to our eyes as brilliant points , are all to be considered as suns , representingso many _solarsystems , each bear ing ageneral resemblance to our _ovsm . The stars have a brilliancy and apparent magnitude which we may safclv presume to he in proportion to their actual srze , and [ the distance at whieh they are placed from us . Attempts have been made to ascertain the distance of some ofthe stars by calculations founded on parallax , it being pr eviously understood that , if a parallax of so much as one second , or the S , 600 th ot a degree , could he ascertained in any one instance , the distance might be assumed in that instance as not less than 19 , 200 , 000 , 000 of miles ! In the case ofthe most brilliant star , Sirius , even this minute parallax

      could not be found ; from which , of course , it was to be inferred that the distance of that star is something beyond the vast distance which has been stated . In some others , on which the experiment has been tried , no sensible parallax could be detected ; from which the same inference was to be made in their ease . But a sensible parallax of about one second has been ascertained in the ease ofthe double star aa , ot the constellation of ? the Centaur , and one ofthe third ol that amount for the double star , 61 Cygm ; which crave reason to presume that the distance ot the fonmr might be about 20 , 000 , 000 , 000 of miles , and the latter of much greater amount . If we suppose that similar intervals exist between all the stars , we shall readily see that the space occupied by even tne eomnaratively small numbervisible to thenaked eye ,

      must be vast bevond all powers ot conception . — Vestiges of the Natural Bistory of Creation . Pxtouoe of Bibds .-A _; instance of the effect of carbonaceous food , upon the colourof birds , isi exemplified by feeding the ( _Mrimion _^ ullfinch , fin ¦ _* _fengtn ened period , on rape seed . Under the influence of _this _& t , the scarlet plumage on the _^^^ observed gradually to turn brown , and , _ty * _jS ™ _" continuance , _ultunatoly to change to a dirty black .

      Paris Aeabemr Of Sciexces.—Siitixo Of Ja...

      ANOTHER "VISITATION OF GOD ?" shame ox the blasphemer , who would sat so ! ADJOORXEn INQUEST . On Friday , the 3 rd inst ., the inquest upon Thomas James , who was killed by an explosion at the Black Bot Coiijert , near Bishop Auckland—which is certainly an extensive one , and , as a matter of course , now that human life has been sacrificed , no doubt one ot the best ventilated mines in the north of _England —was resumed in the school-house of the colliery , before T . Trotter , Esq . ; than whom a more impartial , courteous , and diligent coroner camiot Sif" _u f ln _S _* " ° d adjourned from Thursday , ! _" * _£ e' ? ample time to ascertain the whole of the facts of the case . The necessaiy and customary preliminaries having been gone through , the first witness called was Andrew Davis , a heTCrj a poor mangled object , who deposed as follows ; I went into the air course _, l here was a little airbut not the usual quantity :

      , Mr . Gilroy told me to go up the headways-course to see if there was anytliing to impede the way . I went there with a naked candle : I lifted mu hand to prevent falling mi the plate , and the explosion took phut . 1 am much burned in my arms and hands , but got out by myself . It was m the new incline where the explosion took place . On the day I got burned I was in veiy many places in the pit ; I thought them in a fit state to work in . The explosion did not knock the brattice down ; I can detect the gas on the candle —detected it on this occasion ; I never worked in that part of the pit ; / did not take a lamp , because it is not the practice to do so ; I know of no danger ; I am not acquainted with the workings in that part of the pit . By Mr . Marshall ( who attended on behalf of the owners ) : My orders from Mr . Gilroy were to see if any stones had fallen in the way to impede the aircourse ; I have been nearly thirteen years at the colliery .

      By the Coroner : I have worked at the broken ; never saw any explosive gas , or danger . Mr . Marshall : Mr . Coroner , I wish you to take that down . # The Coroner : I take down what I consider material . Witness : I have seen the nature of gas with Mr . Gilroy trying it . Saw an explosion at West Moor ; a lad was burned there . I was told to go through the Stentin door , but did not do so , * had I done so I should have been safe . There are two troubles in that part of the pit . The davy-lamps are xbver used on this colliery , except a time by chance when there is a . fall . I had once a lamp at a fall , but only once . I have wrought at all the other flats hi the pit but this one .

      Thomas Simpson sworn : I live at Shiney Row ; am a shifter at Black Boy Colliery : I was burned at this colliery on 19 th February last , in the crosscut flat , which is a different direction to the place of the late explosion . Never used a lamp all the time I have been in the colliery , which is sixteen years . Did not know but that she was clean , or should not have gone to seek my shovel . Have known lamps used sometimes in dangerous places ; have no idea how many times a lamp has been used . Mi * . _Halliday questioned the witness as to how many times he had known the pit fire , but elicited no positive faot . It was rumoured , however , that she had fired the previous day , and wliich was the third time within the last fortnight . _KVT _A . _4 _.. lJnll .. ln—v . _ltTn n . _] . l J _4-I nnnl .... / inn _.. _£ " AW ft « _.... _ii i _tiuiuiiuiiiu

      _* jj a _.. ijciiiiuii > ; _> u _picuaubiuus cue taken after she fires to prevent a recurrence _^—they just go on as usual , as if nothing had happened . Mr . Marshall , in putting some questions with a view of having it recorded that the owners did all in their power for the safety of the men , was met with the following observation from The Coroner : The interest of the coal-owners ought to be identical with that of the workmen . Our Correspondent states that a scene now commenced that will never be effaced from his memory . The coroner , jury , and others taking part in the inquiry , left the inquest room , and at once became a wandering tribe across the fields—in this direction ,

      m that , and in the other , as the houses of the victims ofthe catastrophe happened to be situated , to gather from them that evidence they were—from the severity of their injuries and extent and intensity of their sufferings—unable to attend to give . Could but our legislators been of the party , and visited in succession cottage after cottage _^—homely , 'tis true , but cleanl y ; see the polished furniture , the clean bed , and amid its snow-white sheets , he who but a few days before was the pride , the boast , the comforter , nay , the sole support of home , a mass of blackened distortion —a disorganised heap of misery and pain—the living remnant of the effects of the explosive blast ; could but our legislators have seen and felt this , better legislation must have quickly followed .

      The first house visited was that of William Newton , who stated : lam a hewer ; I worked at the Black Boy Colliery—at the Gurly pit—on Monday , the 23 rd ult . I BELIEVE _TUEEXPLOSIOX TOOK PLACE FROM Mi * caxdle . I was working at the low end of the jud next the goaf . I heard the stone working . I told the men to hold their hands . I ran out ; my candle went out . My marrow ' s ( partner ) candle was left in the face ofthe workings . It was stuek on aprop about the middle of it . Heard the fall of stone take place . It was not a large one . I went in afterwards and took a b _' gkt to get my pick . It was then the explosion took place ; I am almost certain it was from my candle ; I was knocked backward over—got up again , and got away from the" headways ; am most burned in my arms : only a little in mv bodv : I had

      my candle very low , looking for my picks . Saw no previous signs of fire ; I understand them , * I had only been in the pit one aud a half hours , or two hours at the most . James , the deceased , was . furthest in from the shaft ; we were both working near the goaf ; have been there a month working the broken ; did not try it that morning ; my marrow told me Blanch had been in ; also John Featherstone , Hugh Matthewson , Thomas Baker , William Bullock , Thomas James , and Thomas Overend . The deputies always go in before us . William Blench had to see all was safe in that part . William Gilroy is overman . Have seen gas there before , but took no notice of it ; did not know that it was explosive ; never worked with a lamp ; have worked ten years at the colliery , fifteen in the neighbourhood ; never asked

      for a lamp ; never used one in my life , and have always . been employed in this district ; never heard any one ask for a lamp ; have been nine or ten years at the Black Boy Colliery , but never saw a lamp used by the hewers , only by the deputies and shifters . Blanch has often told us to mind after a fall ; to take off the loo of the candle ; was not aware that it would go off in that way ; had neither seen Blanch nor the overman that day ; never heard the man speak about the lamps or the gas ; it was not Bullock ' s , but my caudle that caused the explosion ; I ran out for fear of the fall ; water was bursting upon us ; 1 am aware the water saved me , because I was knocked into it ; there was no gas thero ; the deputies are kind and attentive to us ; I have nothing to complain of ; I was nearest the goaf when the explosion took place .

      • The Coroner hereupon issued his summons for the immediate attendance before him of Thomas Cherry , William Bullock , William Todd , and Joseph Lewis . The next scene of misery that was visited was the house of William Blanch , who stated—I am a deputy at Black Boy Colliery ; was in at eight a . m . on Monday , 23 rd ult ; 1 generally look round to the men ; had been four times with James that day ; was there when the explosion took place . There was a fall between where James and the other men were working : I was talking to James , and the pit fired on the other side : I think the gas was from the fall . There were no symptoms of gas on the candle before the fall . John Todd , the back-overman , came in about ten o ' clock ; we examined beside James , where the explosion took place ; did not see fire from the

      candles , which I had turned to where the explosion took place about half an hour before , and could detect no gas ; I had no reason to apprehend danger ; I remained there all the time ( eight hours ) the men were working , and in the incline ; it is my duty to seo all safe aud attend to the wants ofthe men ; I have worked with a lamp at the Black Boy , at Benwcll , and at Gosforth collieries ; I have worked in the broken a few weeks—cannot say how many , but had no reason to apprehend danger ; have seen but small symptoms of gas or black-damp , of no consequence to a candle ; no man ever applied to me for a lamp : I have never thought it necessary to get one—if I had , I would have had the men off till I got them ; we have the power to lay the men off when we see danger ; lam not deputy where the expxobion of to

      testerdat took place ; never fhought it necessary have lamps ; know not / ting of tlie chemical _nature of gas , oxlt by the _caxole ; an explosion has not occurred , before since I have been in the colliery ; she was always thought safe . There was an explosion , but 1 cannot ' give anything particular of it . Mr . _Guroy goes down every day : my hands arc much burned —I am suffering great pain ; was near to James when the explosion took place ; I lost my senses lor a time ; the air-course where James was could have let more in ; the pit is well ventilated ; there has been more gas since the water has come down , about a week since ; I could not get into the goaf ( stone ) to examine it ; the water came from the falling ; we like all the light we can get , and consequently prefer candles .

      The inquisition next proceeded to the distressed domicile of Thomas Overend , who stated—I am a hewer at Black Boy Colliery ; was working on Monday quite near to where the fire originated . James ( the deceased ) said , "Ihear her working , " he believed , in an old fall ; heard it there , and then observed , "if we can get those coal that ' s loose , we will take no more down , I'm afraid of her falling : " Blanch came in . They were talking about it : Blanch said that side was strong , they need not be afraid : I ran out after we had filled our tub for fear of her falling . There was a small fall . I ran against a prop and knocked myself down ; I said " stand — a fail came , and she was in a flame ; I do not know how I got out ; she fired the day before in the place where we were working : James and 1 knocked it out ; we showed Blanch the splint crack it tame out of ; he said he would show it to Gilroy ; it was

      Paris Aeabemr Of Sciexces.—Siitixo Of Ja...

      badto knockout when it got hold : I told Blanch I was sadly frightened ; Blanch and James laughed ft me ; James said my marrow ( partner ) is frightened ; I have heard of lamps , but never had concerns with any ; on the 11 th Juno , I shall have worked there one year ; I was afraid to go in , it was an awful place to look at ; I complained to Blanch , not to Gilroy or anv other deputy ; heard Mawson and another say , she was very hry ; do not think that Blanch heard them ; I have never been at an explosion . before ; I have seen many little firings before , about the size of my hand .

      By Mr . Kelk , who attended on behalf of the miners : Never knew of any precautionary measure being adopted after a firing to prevent a repetition ; never knew lamps to be introduced after these warnings ; never knew a stronger current of air applied to the firey parts ; knows nothing of the chemical properties of gas , nor at what point of admixture it becomes explosive ; Mawson helped to take me out ; I was never down a fall before the 11 th June ; I was afraid , and complained of the gas every day , but thought my old marrow would understand it better than me , and that gave me more confidence to go in ; nothing was ever done to my knowledge to cleanse the pit of the foul air . I am the son of a farmer in the neighbourhood ; I had differed with mv

      father , or I would never have gone into a pit . Thomas Cherry sworn : I am a hewer ; I reside at Sheldon ; I was working at the same place at Black Boy Colliery where it fired the Saturday before—that is , two days before . I told the deputv , William Blanch , she was not safe to work ; if she fell she would fire . He did nothing but laugh at me , and said there was no danger . She made ax attempt three times that dat to PinE . I had my candle in mv hand , and ran out . Last Friday I went with William Gilroy to examine the returned air . She was quite safe then ; no danger at all then . Blanch was with us all that day , but on Monday I was in another part ofthe pit ; I did not mention lamps ; Blanch came in with his candle , tried the top , and said there was

      no danger . I examined seven pits for three years in the Staffordshire Potteries ; I know the nature of explosive gas ; would not fear working in any pit with a naked ; candle ; have been working here for some months ; gas generally lies above the goaf , and when there is a fall it comes out ; it is not safe then to work with a candle . It was Blanch ' s duty to have informed William Gilroy about the state of the pit . I understand ventilation ; the Black Boy is not faulty for that ; I do not consider there is a better veniilatedpit in the country ,- do not know what current of air is admitted ; I have never been round networkings . I gave over working last Saturday at the Black Bo ); Colliery ; left her in consequence of the hard quality of her coal ; I have had no difierences with the masters .

      William Bullock sworn : Resides at Shildon ; is a hewer : was working at the cross-cut flat on Monday the 23 rd ult . —in the first shift—where the explosion took place ; I left about eleven o ' clock in the forenoon ; I saw by the candle that there was gas in the goaf ; we talked together about it , and agreed among ourselves that we would go back out of a fall ; wc were aware of the danger if a fall came ; deputy George Naylor was there in the first shift , but was not present when the conversation took place ; I have not seen gas before in the pit ; did not mention it to Naylor ; wo wero afraid , and agreed all to go out together ; some little falls took place , but the eras

      produced was soon cleared again ; we thought about lamps , but did not name it to the deputy ; there were lamps used in that place a few days ago ; a little further back there was a probability ot a fall , and we got out of the way ; Todd and Naylor brought lamps , and told us to leave the pit , and we did so . By Mr . Kclk : It would improve the ventilation if more shafts were sunk ; gas will naturally find its highest level , and should have means provided to allow of its escape ; I think there would be less danger if it were so ; I and others Ment in with Todd and Naylor with the lamps ; we made no complaint ; we thought they could see for themselves whether they were safe or not .

      William Todd : I reside at Canny Hill ; am a hewer at Black Boy Colliery ; was not present when the explosion took place , - I worked in the same place , but in the first shift , with Frank Whaite and William Hobb ; saw nothing until between eight and nine o'clock , when I took great notice of the candle , and saw gas ; it was rather mixed with the stife , coming off the goaf ; I saw nothing more until the backshift time came on , about eleven o ' clock . Unformed Baker that there was gas ; he tried it with his candle , and found that it was a little mixed with stife from oft' the goaf ; saw nothing more ; told Baker , but did not see Blanch or Gilroy to tell them ; I was rather afraid at the time ; I cautioned the men who were coming , in : I have seen her fire

      twice myself when I _wasjntttttagr in the old incline , about three years ago ; I worked in the night shift with naked candles ; Blanch gave us lamps to work with there , because it is on the same flat , but on the contrary side ; I only worked here in the flat one month before the shake ; never spoke to Blanch to ask for lamps ; never heard any talk about lamps on the colliery ; I would be afraid to work the second shift from what I saw on Monday morning ; I have worked eight years at Black Boy Colliery ; I worked at Elswiek before that ; never saw an explosion ; the gas was blue all round the candle ; when mixed with stife it would most likely be dangerous . George Naylor sworn : I reside at Cowndon _, as a deputy at Black Boy Colliery ; was in the fore-shaft on Monday ; came off at eight o ' clock ; saw nothingno gas ; I tried three times that morning , and at six

      o ' clock saw all right ; William Todd and I thought the colliery quite safe ; it is my duty to attend to the props , the ventilation , and the safety of the mine ; never saw gas from the goaf ; never saw gas ; never worked with lamps until after the j ' _mt _explosioh .- I hate worked there since Monday ; the men have worked there since Tuesday ; only trifling explosions have taken place at the Black Boy Colliery , but I cannot say how many . Andrew Davison and other men have been working in the broken with naked candles ; I know nothing of the chemical properties of gas ; I could tell , I would say , whereabouts there were gas by my candle ; it was about four or five days before that I told the men to go out of her . for I thought there would be a fall ; I saw gas on the lamp ; gas got from the broken workings—sufficiently _ao when James got his death . I cannot write .

      Joseph Lewis sworn : I reside at Canny-hill : am a liewer at Black Boy Colliery ; was working in the first shift on Monday , the 23 rd ; losed ( left work ) at eleven o ' clock ; saw no gas ; took notice of no danger that day ; Bullock and me were working together ; did not hear him say that there was gas ; when there are threatenings of a fall I get out ot the way ; I saw no gas on the candle on the occasion ; I tried it , but saw no blue flame ; had no apprehension of an explosion ; have known gas come in after a fall ; a fortnight before , there was no gas on taking down a taller ; the deputy sent us a fortnight before into the crosscut ; have worked with lamps since the explosion of , the 23 rd ; there has been no explosion since ; I found no gas whilst working with lamps .

      Jonathan Marshall sworn : I am a hewer , and work at Black Boy Colliery ; was beside the place on Monday the 23 rd , when the explosion took place ; saw the fire coming , lay down , and the , fire passed over me ; I afterwards assisted in getting Overend out ; he came cree ping , and I assisted him ; it fired but once that day ; I was moro afraid of her firing a second time ; 1 was working in the whole coal , near the broken ; never heard anything about lamps ; had no dread of danger . By Mr . Matthew Halliday , lecturer to the Miners '

      Association : No precautionary measures were ever adopted after an explosion to prevent its recurrence ; none of any kind whatever ; we just cleaned her out , and then went on as usual . Tkonias Cherry recalled : I believe it was proper that lamps ought to have been used in this part ( the cross-cut flat ) ofthe colliery ; it is not safe to work in the broken without lamps ; Gilroy and I differed in opinion . I am sure there was not sufficient air in that part to fetch the gat off the goaf ; no current of air could carry the whole of the gas off the goaf ; there are not five men on Mack Boy Collimj who understand anything about gas .

      William Gilroy sworn : I have the care of Black Boy Colliery ; an explosion did take place there yesterday ; Wilson and Simpson were burned ; they took a candle contrary to orders . The jury retired at five o ' clock to consider their verdict , and on their return gave in their verdict as follows : — "Thatthe explosion had been caused by the gas coming in contact with a lighted candle : that some blame was attributable to William Blench , the overman , but this they attributed to an error in judgment—and they were also of opinion that the owners should take every pains to prevent the recurrence of such accidents . "

      Thus Terminated This Important Inquiry*,...

      Thus terminated this important inquiry * , one which cannot fail to shew to the country the absolute necessity of a thoroughly revised system , strictly enforced by legislative authority , iu the future working of coal mines . Here is an instance , where the lives of several hundred men and boys wore in jeopardy every moment , —not five men amongst them ( and possibly not one of those five in authority ) who knew anything whatever of their most deadly enemy , carburretted hydrogen gas . Frequent , nay , daily as these explosions are , the wonder almost seems to be that thelrravaging effects are not of still more frequent occurrence . That such a state of things should be allowed to exist in the present advanced stage of

      _science—when the certain means of prevention are known and have been in successful practical operation by Mr . Ryan , in the Staffordshire collieries , for fourteen years past , without a single failure to mar his fame , —is a reproach to the legislature , to every friend of humanity ; and can only be accounted for by the scientific ignorance and consequent apathy of the working colliers themselves . But for that , they must long ago have aroused the national voice to their perilous position . Let us hope the Govern * ment will take up the matter in earnest on the meeting of Parliament , and adopt such measures with a firm hand , regardless of individual interests , as the urgency of the case demands . Considering the evidence , the verdict was a miserable result ; yet coni-

      Thus Terminated This Important Inquiry*,...

      paring it with former verdicts on similar occaswna , it shows an improved tone of public feeling . Had the sufferers been rich , and the engine of destruction a rail-road , the VERDICT in all probability , would have been MANSLAUGHTER .

      Making Good Use Of A Pest. —The French H...

      Making good use of a Pest . —The French have embarked in a curious enterprise for the destruction of rats , operations having already commenced at the lloval Library in rue Richelieu . In tlie short space of three days more than 1200 rats were taken , and

      the purposes to which the bodies are converted arc these ;—The skin is prepared with great care , and proves of great value as a fur . Tho carcass , properly speaking , is sent to a melting-house at Grcnelle , where it is boiled down for the sake of the grease , which is found to be an excellent material for the manufacture of candles . The flesh that remains of the animal is sold for the nutriment of birds , ducks , and pigs . The leg aud thigh bones , moreover , whieh arc described as being as fine as ivory , are employed iu the manufacture of ear and tooth-picks , so that it is observed not a particle of it is wasted .

      Robbers in France . —Madame Jayct , a washerwoman in the rue de la Vierge , on returning to her apartment on Thursday , found two men , who had got in by means of false keys , busily employed in packing np all they could find . As soon as she made her appearance one of them seized her by the throat and threatened to strangle her if she gave tbe alarm . They then decamped with all speed , but Madame Jayct recovered her voice , and , crying out " Stop thief , " the men were pursued and overtaken on the quai d'Orsay . One of them was immediately secured , but the other , in the hope of escape , threw himself into the river . A waterman at hand , however , who was a good swimmer , plunged in after him , and , bringing him back to the shore , delivered hbn also into safe custody . —Galiqnmu .

      The Bot Jones in Greece — His Visit to the Palace of Kino Ohio !—The _following is an extract of a letter from an officer on board her Majesty ' s ship Warspite , Smyrna , Dec . 23 , 1844 , to his friends in England : — " The boy Jones , who belongs to this ship , disappeared one night at Athens , and every one said he was gone to call on King __ Otho . I believe that was his intention , as he was found near the palace , and brought back very much disappointed , to think he could not pay his intended visit . He is a strangelooking fellow , appears half asleep , and seldom speaks to any one . It is the custom to punish when a man deserts ; but Jones is put on the black list , and his grog stopped as long as he remains in the ship . ' . 'Shipping Gazette .

      Isanttruw, $T

      _isanttruw _, _$ t

      BANKRUPTS . ( From Friday ' s Gazette . ) Joseph Brown , Regent-street , Westminster , grocer-George Flintoff _, Plymouth , _bookseUer—William Vallance , Liverpool , merchant . DIVIDENDS . Jan . 81 , W . Copper , Reading , grocer—Feb . 3 , T . Johnson , sen ., W . Johnson , and G . Mann , bankers—Jan . 24 , S . Cox , Brunswick-street , Stamford-street , horse-dealer—Jan . 31 , T . Eldridge , Upper North-place , Gray's-inn-voad , coach-builder—Jan . 21 , R . Robinson , Strand , coal-merchant—Jan . 23 , J . Garnett _, Liverpool , merchant—Feb . I , A . T . Tebbitt , Birmingham , tea-dealer—Jan . 31 , A . Wyse , N . Baker , W . S . Bentall , and R . Farwell , Totnes , bankers —Feb . 1 , S . AV . Harrison , Bristol , builder—Jan . 31 , J . and D ; Arthur , Neath , Glamorganshire , ironmasters—Feb . i , 3 . C . Petrie , Bedlington , Durham , miller—Feb . C , J . Sorby , Sheffield , steel-manufacturer—Feb . 6 , J . Firth , Hcckinondwike , Yorkshire , merchant—Feb . 7 , F . Parker , ltothevham , soed-crushor—Feb . 1 , B . Jones , Birmingham , victualler .

      BANKRUPTS . ( From Tuesday ' s Gazette . ) John Curwen , Bridge-place , Vauxhall , cheesemonger—Louis Jean 33 aptiste Yandea-u and Louis Oncdino Uenja . min Vandeau , Wood-street , _Clicapsido , dealers in artificial flowers—William Tydenian , Chelmsford , timber-merchant —Charles Frederick _VVannaii , Houndsditcli , china-dealer —William Moyes and T . Moring , Camomile-street , City , carmen—James Pell Yallop , Durham-street , llacknoyroad , carpenter—Arthur Bridcson , Clare-street , Clarcmarket _, cheesemonger—John Steadman , _ITaYfichl . placc , Milc-eud-road , engineer — Jlieliael Cronach and Marx Ilirsclimeiin , Siso-lane , City , merchants—Conrod Haverham Greenhow , North Shields , ship-broker—Thomas Joplin , Sunderland , linen-draper—John Blake , Sunderland , Durham , hardwareman—Charles Lewis , Bath , inn-keeper —Richard Bratton , sen ., Shrewsbury , cabinet-maker .

      DECUMT 10 S 6 01 _DmDEHDS . Cf . and W . Noel , Jcruiyn-strcct , St . Jam s ' s , bootmakers , first dividend of 3 s Od in the pound , any Wednesday , at the office of Mr . Belcher , King ' s Arms-yard , Coleman-street . R . Palliser , _lloorgatc-street , saddler , first dividend of 5 d in the pound , Saturday next , and two following Saturdays , at the office of Mr . Groom , Abchurch Jane , City . W . Broome , Oxford-street , _liuen-dvajiev , second and final dividend of 3 _jd in the pound , Saturday next , aud two foUowing Saturdays , at the office of Mr _. Groom , Abchurclilane , City . J . Buckton , Darlington , Durham , grocer , first dividend on new proofs , of 3 s 4 d in the pound , any Saturday , at the office of Mr . Baker , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . D . Storm , Cardiff , builder , first dividend of Is in tbe pound , any Monday , at the office of Mr . Aeraman , Bristol . W . Walker , Walhcss , Lancashire , dealer and chapman , first dividend of lOJd in the pound , any Tuesday , at the office of Sir . Hobson , Manchester . T . W . Butterworth , Hulme , Lancashire , draper , first _diridend of is lOJd in the pound , any Tuesday , at the office of Mr . Hobson , Manchester .

      DIVIDENDS . Feb . 6 , W . C . Clough , Eye , Suffolk , apothecary—Feb . 5 , W . L . Dore , Egham , Surrey , innkeeper—Feb . G , J . Coles , New Bond-street , jeweller—Feb . 14 , J . F . Cork and J . L . De Carle , New Bond-street , coach-builders—Feb , i , W . A , Mearns , Clapham , Surrey , ale-brewer—Feb . 4 , J . G . Webb , Rosamond-buildings , Islington , mineral water-manufacturer—Feb . 6 , R . J . Webb , Bath , wine-merchant—Feb . 7 , M . Martin , Bristol , upholsterer—Feb . 7 , R . B . Palmer , Bath , watchmaker—Feb . 4 , R . Williams , Bristol , dealer in butter—Mi . 6 , W . and P . Charters , Merthyr Tydvil , Glamorganshire , tea-dealers—Feb . 6 , J . Ifolroyd , North-moor , Northumberland , farmer—Feb . li , J . Bannister and D . Simpson , Liverpool , shipwrights — Feb . 14 , W . Newall , jun ., and A , Harrison , Manchester , grocers—Feb . 11 , J . Tristram , Basford , Nottinghamshire , beer house-keeper—Feb . 11 , R . Russell , Bradford , Yorkshire , provision-merchant—Feb . 11 , A . and J . Shepherd , Huddersfield , Yorkshire , merchants—Feb . 8 , J . Jardinc , Liverpool , merchant —Feb . 7 , II . Denziloe , Bridport , Dorsetshire , grocer—Feb . 7 , J . and W . WoUand , Exeter , turners-Feb . 11 , W . II . Bates , Birmingham , factor . CEHTIFICATES TO BE GRASTED , UNLESS CAUSE BE SHOWN

      TO TUB CONTRARY ON THE DAY OF MEETING . Feb . C , J . Tomlin , St . Miehael's-alley , CornhUl , shipbroker—Feb . C , It . E . Lee , Craven-yard , Drury-laue , steam-machine printer—Feb . 5 , W . K . Roberts , Abingdon , grocer—Feb . 4 , C . S . T . WaHier , Oxford-street , artificial florist—Feb . 5 , W . Sawyer , Louisa-street , Stepney , oilman —Feb . 5 , W . L . Dore , Egham , Surrey , innkeeper—Feb . 5 , J . Wntes , Old Kent-road , victualler—Feb . 4 , A . Lequeutre , Chingford _, Essex , muler—Feb . 4 , J . C . Ross , Savage-gar . dens , City , merchant—Feb . 4 , M . Waller , Percy-street , Tottenham-court-road , patent electro plater—Feb . 11 , M . Martin , Bristol , upholsterer—Feb . 6 , J . Lcybourn , Bradford , Yorkshire , provision-shop-keeper—Feb . 7 , E . Glover , jun ., Leicester , ironmonger—Feb . 7 , E . P . Worth ,

      Heuleyin-Arden _, Warwickshire , victualler—Feb . 12 , C . Homer , sen ., West Bromwicli , Staffordshire , _wine-niereliant—Feb . 10 , C . Carter , Saddington , Leicestershire , miller—Feb . 4 , J . Banks , Liverpool , tallow-chandler—Feb . 10 , W . II . Fitzhugh _, Liverpool , merchant—Feb . 6 , J . Storey and J . Gibb , Liverpool , ship-chandlers— Feb . 0 , _G . Alexander , Beaminster , Dorsetshire , innkeeper—Feb . G , C . Hayncr , Blackburn , Lancashire , grocer—Feb . 4 , J . Sharpies , Blackburn , _Laneaslrire , cottoii-manufacturer—Feb . 4 , It . Smith , Manchester , yam-agent—Feb . 4 , J . and R . Davies , _Chiswell-street , linendrapers—Feb . 4 , J . Nicholl , Sowerbybridge , Yorkshire , worsted spinners—Feb . 4 , A . Thompson , Southampton , grocer—Feb . 4 , T . Cook , Kirby-street , _Hatton-gavden , silver cutler—Feb . 4 , ' £ . Peters , Goodstone , Surrey , brewer .

      _FARTSERSllirB DISSOLVED . T . Parkinson and P . Halliday , Liverpool , shoe bindingmanufacturers—D . W . Sales and J . _A'ause , _Kingstonunun-Hull , painters—J . and R . Mole , Birmingham , sword-manufacturers—E . Rawson and It . E . Henderson , Wood-street , Cheapsidc , City , warehousemen—W . and C . Andrews , Cardiff , Glamorganshire , wholesale wine-merchants—J . and J . Barber , Coruhill , City , hatters—J . Smith , It . Tetley , J . Glover , and J . Parish , _Tlorton , Yorkshire , worsted-spinners ; as far as regards J . Smith —A . Hunter mid G . M'Kerrow _, Miltou nest Gravesend , linen-drapers— W . B . Rhodes and G . Hickcs , Huddersfield , Yorkshire , machine-makers—J . Smith and F . A . Hattoi ) , Chesterfield , Derbyshire , grocers—C . Bird anil J . Thoburn , Blytli , Northumberland , ropemakers—T . and

      F . Style , Thames Dittou , Surrey , schoolmasters—J . Ashwell and C . Cooper , Lougton , _Staffordshire , earthenwaremanufiicturei'g—G . _Luphuin , T . Brine , and F . A . Laphiun , Trowbridge , Wiltshire , linen-drapers—E . Barker and S . Smith , Norwich , glove-manufacturers—F . Tomes and J . Bennett , Wolstoue , Warwickshire , farmers—J . Burnett and E . Ryder , Plymouth , bakers—W . and W . Thompson , Kingston-upon-Hull , general smiths—G . Iluduleston _, T , Petty , C . S . Kennedy , B . Smith , 11 . Kennedy , and J . Park , Liiuial Cote , Lancashire , miners ; as far as regards G . _Huddlestone—W . Smith , J . Smith , L . Smith , W . Smith , jun ., P . Smith , and G . Smith , Kcighley . Yorkshire , machine-makers ; as far as regards L . Smith —J . Piper aud B . Warsdall , Kiiigston-upon-HuU , housepainters—J . Kirktnan and P . Taylor , Birkenhead , _yetcruiary-surgeoiiSi

      Market Intelligence.

      MARKET INTELLIGENCE .

      London Cokx Exchange, Monday, Jan. 13.—T...

      London _Cokx Exchange , Monday , Jan . 13 . —The arrivals of English wheat and Scotch and Irish oats were very large during the past week ; of barley and oats from our own coast , the receipts were also rather liberal , and fair supplies ot beans and peas were received . From abroad several cargoes of wheat and bailey and a few parcels of oats came to hand . At this morning ' s market there was a small show of wheat by land-carriago samples from the neighbouring counties ; only a moderate quantity of beans and peas on sale , but of barley and oats the display was liberal . The large arrival of wheat direct to millers caused the trade to open languidly , at the same time factors remained firm , and a fair clearance was

      ultimately made at similar terms to those currenton tliis day se ' nnight . The demand for free foreign wheat was by no means brisk , but the business done was at fully previous rates . All kinds of flour were difficult of disposal , and ship samples were in some cases sold a trifle lower . Choice malting barley was inquired for , and fully as dear aa before , whilst secondary descriptions , as well as distilling and grinding sorts , moved off tardily , and barely supported previous prices . Fine malt was saleable at quite as _mucb money , but the intermediate sorts hung heavily on hand . The large quantity of oats pressing on the market , and the interior order m which many ofthe cargoes have come to hand , rendered it necessary for factors to give way about Is . per qr ., making the fall in a fortnight 2 s . per qr .

      London Cokx Exchange, Monday, Jan. 13.—T...

      Beans and peas were in fair request and both articles quite as dear as on this day week . In bonded grain nothing of interest transpired . The continued arrivals of red clover seed from France have caused tlie demand to slacken , still there is no material alteration to notice in prices . Canary seed was cheaper to-day , other articles much as before . _CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIX , PER IMPERIAL QUARTER . —British . s s B 1 Wheat , Essex , Si Kent , ntw 4 old r « d 42 48 _Wh- _' te 51 M Norfolk and Lincoln . ... do 43 it _DitM 48 SS Yorthum . and Scotch white 41 46 Finu 48 63

      Irish red old Q 0 Red 41 44 White 45 48 Rve Old ... * 1 ** Vew 81 *» Brank SO 88 Barley 'Grinding . . 27 39 Distil . 30 II Malt . W 88 Malt Brown 7 . . . 54 S 6 Pale M 61 Wars 64 65 Beaus Ticks old & new 30 S 4 Harrow 3 ? 31 Pigeon 88 42 Pens Grev . ... 32 SI Maple St 16 _Wluts 36 40 Oats Lincoln * 4 Torkshir * F « ed 21 23 Poland 23 25 Scotch Angus 23 34 Potato 24 KIrish White i ! 0 22 Black 20 « Per 2 S 01 b . net . s i Per 2 S 0 lb . net . s STown-miule Flour . . . 48 4 B Norfolk & , Stockton 83 14 Essex and Kent .... S 4 35 Irish 84 J 5 _Frss . Bond .

      Fortign . s s s Wheat , Dantsic _, Konigsburg , & c 82 fiO 3 ( i 40 Marks , Mecklenburg 48 54 J ? 3 * : —Banish , _Holstein , and Friesland red 44 47 SO : ft Russian , Hard 45 46 Soft ... 45 47 2 S 30 Italian , Red . . 4 < 50 White ... 10 52 3 ' - ' 34 Spanish , Hard . 4 _S JO Soft .... 48 ti _S"' 34 ltye , lialtic , Dried , . . . 81 it Undried . . 31 33 21 - _'l Barley , Grinding . 27 29 Malting . . S » 3 t _yi : ; o Beans , Ticks . . 51 34 Egyptian . 31 31 26 JO Peas , Wliito . . 88 88 llaple . . 3 » 34 28 30 Oats , Dutch , Urew and Thick 2 . 1 23 19 31 Russian feed , 21 22 15 16 Danish , Friesland feed 21 23 15 17 Flour , per barrel . . , , , 25 28 20 21

      CORN AVERAGES . —General average prices of British corn for the week ended Jan . 11 , 1845 , made up from the Returns of the Inspectors iu the different cities and towns in England aud Wales , per imperial quarter . Wheat .. 45 s . lOd . I Oats .... 21 * . 7 d . I Beans .. 35 s . Od . Barley .. 54 s . 5 d . ) Rye .... Sis . 4 d . ) Pease .. 36 s . Od . London _Smitiifield Cattle Market , Mosdat , Jax . 13 . — The arrivals of beasts fresh up to our market this morning having been , the time of year considered , rather limited , and , generally speaking ; of but middling quality , v . u have to _report—notwithstanding the supplies of meat in the dead marketsare good—a decided improvement in the beef trade , at an advance in the currencies obtained on Monday last , of quite 2 d . per 8 lb ., the primest Scots readily producing 4 s . 4 d . per Sib . Very few cases of disease were noticed amongst cither the beasts or sheep . Tho former , however , were deficient in weight ; but

      the latter were , on the whole , in good condition . From Lincolnshire , Leicestershire , and Northamptonshire , we received about 1000 shorthorns ; from Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , and Cambridgeshire , 300 Scots and _honiebrcds ; from the Western and Mid . land districts , 500 Herefords , Devons , runts , _Durhams , < fec ; from other parts of England , 300 of variousbreeds ; and from Scotland , ISO horned and polled , Scots . The number of sheep differed but little from- _, those shown last week . Halt-breds , as well _as-Downsj were in improved inquiry , and extreme rates were paid in every instance . All other breeds commanded a fair inquiry , at unaltered figures . The veal trade was firm , and the advance in the quotations on Friday last was supported . Prime small pigs sold readily ; other kinds slowly , at our quota _, tions . No imports of stock have taken place from abroad since our last , consequently wc had none on sale to-day .

      By the quantities of 8 lb ., sinking the offal . s . d . s . d , Inferior coarse beasts . . . 2 8 2 18 Second quality .... 3 0 3 C Prime large oxen . .. 3840 Prime Scots , & c 4 2 4 4 Coarse inferior sheep . . . 2 10 3 2 Second quality . . . . 3 4 3 ' Prime coarse _wooUcd . . . S It 4 0 ' Prime Southdown .... 4 2 4 4 Large coarse calves .... 3 6 4 2 Prime small 4 4 4 8 Suckling calves , each . . . 18 0 29 0 Large hogs 3 0 3 6 Neat small porkers . . . 3 8 4 0 Quarter-old stove pigs , each . . 10 0 29 %

      Hay _Mamusts . — Smithpikld . — Coarse meadow hay , £ 3 10 s to £ i 10 s ; useful ditto , £ t 12 s to £ 5 4 s ; fine upland ditto , £ 5 5 s to £ 5 10 s ; clover hay , £ 4 10 s to £ 0 ; oat straw , £ 1 12 s to £ 1 Ms ; wheat straw , £ 1 14 s to £ 110 s per load . Supply but moderate , and trade rather dull . _WiuMCiiai-BL . —Coarse meadow hay , £ 3 10 s to £ 4 10 s ; useful ditto , £ 4 12 s to £ 5 is ; fine upland ditto , £ 5 5 s to £ 5 10 s ; clover hay , £ 4 10 s to £ C ; oat straw , £ 112 s to £ 1 14 s ; wheat straw , £ 114 s to £ 1 16 s per load . Trade on the whole dull , at the above quotations .

      Meat Markets , _Soutjmil , Jan . lei .: —For prim © beasts and sheep we bad a steady trade , ; t & fully last quotations . All other kinds of stock were dilH , but not cheaper . 13 ecf , from 2 s Sd to 4 s 4 d ; mutton 3 s to 4 s 4 d ; veal 3 s Gd to 4 s 2 d ; and pork , 3 s to 3 s 8 dper 81 bs . Supply - —Beasts , 40 ; sheep , 1 , 300 ; calves , 50 ; pigs , 50 . Romford , Jax . 15 . —Thero was rather an improved business transacted here to-day , at full prices , lkef ,. from 2 s lOd to 4 s 4 d ; mutton , 2 s lOd to 4 s 4 d ; veal ,. 3 s 8 d-to 4 s 2 d ; and pork , 2 sl 0 dto 3 s 0 d pur Slbs . Suckling calves , 18 s to 28 s ; quarter-old store pigs , 16 a to _lils ; and milch cow » , with their small caff . £ IG to £ 19 each .

      Lewes , Jan . 14 . —Beef , from 3 s to 4 s 4 d ; mutton , 2 s lOd to 4 s 6 d ; veal , 3 s 8 d to 4 s : and pork , 3 s to 3 s 6 d per Slbs . Supply but moderate and trade firm . Coal Market . —Prices per ton at the close of the market : —Adair ' s Main , 15 s Buddie ' s West Hart _, ley , 19 s 0 d ; East Tanfield , 17 s 6 d ; Morrison's Hartley , 18 s ; Nelson's West Hartlev , 19 s 6 d ; Old Pontop , ITs 6 d ; TwyzelMain , 17 s ; West Wylam , 20 s ; W _, E „ _Clennoll _. _SOsj W . E „ Elm 1 _' avk , 21 s 6 d ; W . E ., Heaton , 21 s 6 d ; W . E ., Hilda , 21 s 3 d ; W . E ., Hotspur , 21 s ; W . E ., Wharncliffe , 21 s Gd ; W . E ., Hetton , 24 s ; W . E ., Lambton , 24 s ; W . E . _» Stewart ' s , 24 s ; W . E ., Caradoe , 23 s Gd ; W . E ., Heselden , 2 Is 3 d ; W . E ., Adelaide , 22 s 9 d ; W . E ., Barrett , 21 s 9 d ; W . E ., Brown ' s Deanery , ' 21 s 3 d ; W . E _., St . Helen ' s Tecs , 20 s ; W . E ., Seymour Tees , 22 s 3 d ; W . E ., Tennant ' s , 21 s ; W . E ., Graigola , 21 s ; Anthracite , 22 s ; Garnant Stone , 25 s ; Lewis Merthyr , 21 s ; West Hartley Nctherton _, 19 s Gd , —Ships arrived , 18 .

      Richmoxd Corn Market , Jan . IL—We had a fair supply of grain iu our market to-day . Wheat sold _, from 5 s . Gd . to 7 s . Oats 2 s . to 3 s . Gd . Barley 3 s . 6 d .. to 4 s . Beans 4 s . 9 d . to 5 s . per bushel . Manchester Corn Market , Saturday , Jan . 11 . — - _Dui'ing the week the demand for flour was not active , but , the stocks of this article being only moderate , factors have not evinced any anxiety to sell , and prices have undergone no change . With considerable arrivals of both oats and oatmeal , buyers held aloof in the expectation of being able to purchase on lower terms ; but the quant ities received amounting to less than were generally anticipated , holders were not disposed to accept lower terms . At our market this morning there was not much passing in wheat , but no alteration in prices can be noted . Flour was likewise in but moderate request at the quotations of this day se ' nnight . Although both

      oatsand oatmeal met a very slow sale , factors were farm in demanding previous rates , which checked business-In beans no change was observable . Liverpool Cons Market , Monday , Jan . 13 . — During the last seven days we have had large supplies of the chief article of the trade . The duty on foreign beans has advanced Is ., namely , to 6 s . Gd . per quarter . The supplies above noted were principally up for Tuesday ' s market , when _amoderato quantity of Irish new wheat was sold ; the best description realized the top quotations of the previous week , but secondary qualities were disposed of at a reduction of Id . to 2 d . per 701 bs . No eliange in the value of foreign , nor was there any variation in the value of flour . The best mealing oats were held for 3 s . Id ., at which there were not many buyers : but a few parcels of good quality were taken off at 3 s . per 451 bs . Oatmeal met a fair demand at 25 s . to 25 s . 3 d .

      per 2401 bs . 1 hough the business since has been on a . limited scale , holders have remained firm , and prices for each of tho above articles havo boon quite maintained . Barley , beans , and peas are quoted without alteration . _LrnmrooL Cattle Market , Monday , Jan . 13 . —W _ehave had a small supply of cattle at our market today ; anything oi' first-rate , quality was eagerly sought after , and sold at—beef Hid . to Gd ., mutton Gd . to 6 id . per lb . Cattle imported into Liverpool from theGthto the 13 th Jan . —1 G 0 cows , 27 calves , 2162 sheep , 4 lambs , 3093 pigs , 32 horses .

      Maitos Corn Market , Jax . 11 .- —We have only a small supply of all grain offering to this day's market . Wheat of all descriptions in _yood demand at last week ' s prices . In fine barley no material alteration ; inferior sorts Is . per qr . lower . _Oals same as last week . Wheat , red , 44 s . to 48 s . ; old ditto , 60 s . to 52 s . ; ditto white , 48 s . to 52 s . ; old ditto , 52 s . to 5 Gs . per qr . of 40 st . Barley 28 s . to 32 s . per qr . o £ 32 st . Oats , 9 R so 10 id . per stone . York Corn Market ,. Jax . 11 . —Wc aro rather thinly supplied with grain to-day . In wheat and barley of fine quality and condition , we note no alteration ; secondary sorts are 6 d . per qr . lower , with a slow sale . Oats dull ; the same may be said of beans , but neither are cheaper . IIowbiin Cons Market , Jan . 11 . —Wheat , 386 _qrs ., £ 823 12 s . 0 d ., £ 2 os . average price per qr . ; barley , 12 _qrs ., £ 18 , £ 1 10 s . ; oats , 595 _qi-s ., £ 501 6 s . 6 d .. lGs . lOd . ; beans , 15 qrs ., £ 2510 s ., £ 114 s .

      Lbeds Corn Market , Tuesday , Jan . 14 . — We have again a large arrival of wheat , and a fair one of 1 barley , while that of other grain does not exceed the wants of the trade . Wheat generally Is much affected by the damp variable weather ; sales consequently proceed slowly , and last week ' s prices are with difficulty supported . The best barleys only are taken without change in value , and other _descriptions are very __ unsaleable . Oats , beans , and shelling _, steady , with a fair demand . Leeds Cloth Trade . —The business at the cloth halls is still improving . The appearance of activity at the coloured cloth hall , on Tuesday , was quite cheering . At the white cloth hall business was not quite so brisk . The business transacted at the warehouses is also indicative of an improving trade .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 18, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_18011845/page/7/