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Northern Star (1837-1852), 14th February 1846, Edition 4 of 4, Page 6, ~ <#»E N#.RW«EBN S-TAjR. February 14, \m...

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    • Wt^amm—m^Bm—^mmm ^ ^ ^ — ,T—\i-.r- wjin.-ii - ™ —.'-TT". I.. ' Jtimcrjt i&tomit^
    • DREADFUL PERSECUTION A.SD ESCAPE FROM SIBERIA/OF POLISH PRIESTS.
    • , teterai :MM$mti*
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      ~ <#»E N#.Rw«Ebn S-Tajr. February 14, \M...

      _~ < _# » E N _# . _RW _« _EBN _S-TAjR _. February 14 , \ m .

      Wt^Amm—M^Bm—^Mmm ^ ^ ^ — ,T—\I-.R- Wjin.-Ii - ™ —.'-Tt". I.. ' Jtimcrjt I&Tomit^

      _Wt _^ amm—m _^ _Bm—^ mmm _^ _^ _^ — , T—\ _i-. r- _wjin _.-ii - _™ — . ' -TT" . I .. ' Jtimcrjt i _& tomit _^

      " And I Wiu War, At Least In Words, ' **...

      " And I wiU war , at least in words , ' _**¦ ( _Auil—sh ' onlil uiy ' chanco so happen—deeds , ) " Withallwho ' warwith _TUoujhtJ" .. _-r . _**•

      «I Thinv. I Hfear A Little Hird, Who Sin...

      « I thinV . I hfear a little hird , who sings The people hy and by will be the wronger . "—Br rc » . _-

      War With America. For Fhe Purpose Of Rei...

      WAR WITH AMERICA . For fhe purpose of _reiterating the facts of the Oregon question , for the informatiou of our rcadets , a * well as also for the purpose of marking our _decided oppasitiun to thc threatened war between thus country and the United _States , we save the follow ing extracts from an " article in Tait's Magazine for February : — ' " ; ¦ WAR WITH AMERICA : AUG WE SOT ' _bUETHUEK ? _"Therisis ; olit'l « _£ 0 o ' dgained , andso _muchiniscliieidone , generally by wars , that I wish the imprudehec of _undertakhig _tiiem were more evident to prions ; in which case

      I Clink thev would be less frequent . If 1 were counsellor to tbe Empress of Russia , and found that she desired to possess sonic part of thc dominions of the _Sipdor , I would advise l . er to compute _Wi-at the annual taxes raised " tern the territory may amount to , and ma _* Mm an oKr of harms U at the rate of paying for _, t tivcntv _vears' _purine . And it I _werem _. counsellor , I should advise W . n to take the money and ced * the dominion , « ta _: ! t temtorr . . . But to make and accept such an offer , these potentates should be both _.-f thein _n-asouahie creatures ; and free front the ambition of _sl-iY , £ _"> -. ; iliicfc perhaps is too much te be _supsosed _. '' Thus wrote Benjamin _PraiiUlin in 178 S .

      "It wasbitttr to fight for the first inch of Oregon , than the last . Our destiny is onward—its western movement _canno : "he . resisted . IVe cannot recede ; wc cannot stand still . . . Texas was our latest _acquisition ; I hnpe it will not be our last . . It this administration can secure the peaceable acquisition of California , it wiU receive the . lasting pratitude of the people . [ Voices on the Whig side— 'California ! ' * 0 f course , California : we must have tlmt , ' 'And then Cuba V ' We have started , and must go on /] We must give twelve months' notice : and if England persist hi iser claim , [ to _Orc-juii . ] war must _inev-tuhly follow : and it will be a war in which all the strength and the prejudices of ootft nations will he brought into play . " Thus spoke , _inlSi-3 , General Cass , and other members of the party which has a majority in tis seuate . and " au overwhelming majority in the House of Assembly of the United States . "

      It is melancholy to reflect , that tlie lapse of si _^ ty years , _hsste-td of making the views and principles of America statesmen more humane and fir-sighted—more _philosophical , in short—has produced a diametrically _opposite result . Benjamin Pranklin , both morally aad intellectually , was immeasurably above the contemporary statesmen of Europe ; General Cass , President _Tolk , and too many more of the existing , stato-men of America , iave { alien almost to a level with them . When Fr . UlWin _, J = fi " _ersoii , Wasiaosnin , 'Adams , organised the Union , tliey looked forward to a people and government who were to rise superior to tlie low last of territorial aggrandis _- . aient , who nrerc to introduce " common sense"into tlie de ; - rags « f nations with each other , to extend the empire of law and reason , and narro w . that of brute force . What would . these "" Teat and good men * sy to ihe _language that now lings in the Senate House of Washington ? -

      Previously to tlie assumption oi sovereignty m a territory unoccupied , or occupied oay by savage * tribes , this public law , common to England and America , regards the region as _tvliat Chilians call res mdlius ; an object _belongicg in property to no one . The theory of law . is , that what is nobody ' s proptrty may be made anybody's property by tlie simple act of talcing possession . ' ¦ - Alt that is necessary is to tube possession , so publicly aud witli snch formalities , that all the world may know that it has been done . When the nations of Europe have asserted a title to new lands , on the ground of discovery , it has been on tlie _assuiuiuioii th _~ t expeditions were fined out to seek for and acquire those lands . ; the act of discovery was the formal ami puklic evidence of the intention to taka possession . But so many discoveries' hare been merely

      accidental—so many have been simultaneously made , — so many nominal discoveries have Veen actually mere re-¦ discoverio-, that this title is universally allowed to be the weakest of alL la the _present esse , it really seems out « j f the question . Discovery on the part of the United States _hsf-jre Cook ' s voyage to the _Xorth-West Coast , was impossible , for the simple reason that thw _<> _n-as uo United States to make tiic discovery . Before Cook ' s voyage , the _Spaniards _liaddUcovirttd tire coast , at least as far north as Xootsa , and the ltu _$ siai _, s as for south as Mount * £ l : as . The general line of _American coast was known to at least two European nations , from Baffin ' s Bay , lOiind by _Cipe Horn , to Bearing ' s Straits ; auu no doubt was entertained of all the land within this compass being onegreac coutineut . There was nothing left to discover .

      The suk-enuent operations of Cook , Vancouver , Gray , by sea , of _ilack--uzie , Clark : and Lewis , by laud , are more properly surveying expeditions than « peditious * of discovery , _eiauunatwas , in detail , the tVatmes ot ' aland _alrfcidy discovered . This view was _recognised ana declared to be public law uy the Xootki couvcutiua between Spain and England in _lTUi . In tha _^ treaty , the _coastsild continent are assumed to b _ - discovered . The t _» vo countries solernniy bind theaiselres to 'determine their relative positions in that country for thc future , —" setting aside all _relrospectivft < u-cussiou of the rights aud _prctcudons of tbe- two panie-, " " on a basis conformable to tlieir trueinterests . " In conformity with this _preiinable , the couutry . was _docl-Tcd open to the tradeand _fisheries of tl : e _suhj-ctsof both crowns , a right was rccog _lised in cither to plant _colonic There , which should be _sui-joci to the sover ..-i „ _'i : ty ot the parent state , hut which , iiUc thi vmoreupied territory , i _& _uuMremaui open and free to the traders and _fisiiersof

      the other . In short ; the iiorth-wostterritory was explicitly _redemised to ho res mdlius ; a thing , the . property of _^ _vhicii might be acquired hy formally and publicl y _takins _possession of it . Since 171 ) 0 , _nothing has been done there hy Spain ia ihe way of occupation . The _treaty with Spain iu 1 _S 19 , _u ; kmi which the _Autericans sometimes _lejiose tlieir claim-:, is a Wank letter . Spatu could convoy no title tliat was not actually- vesttd iu her in 1319 : but the only title she then _possessed was one to acq arc sm- «> _igats in any part of her : north-west _territory , by _scttiil occupation , if she pleased : a title which accrued to raj l _) iitedStal <;> , or au ; _vthev _^ _averninent , the moment tliat Spain and G .-eat ' _rifciin disclaimed this sovereignty iu 1733—a title upon widch . _tSie United States prof _*< 5 _tuhave acted on in 3 S 1 I at tier settlement of Astoria . Tc establish tl . t " : m = to atiy part of her no ' rthwest _terri-. ory , it _isineumbtu _^ _uji _. _iu Great Britain xu » l Amsrica to prove pablie aad forma : acts of occupation .

      -indiit ' tiie way _;> f audi proof there is tbis diffieulty : lu the _bs _^ _iuiijiiS _« £ 1 S 1 V _tlss Itu . lson _' s Bay Company and the _Xorili-wesi Coayiany _( _Canai 5 iaus 3 _iia . _l _pas'icd fonviird their out-Settlements to Use' northern _Uc-i t-waters of the _Columbia . Ia 1 SI 1 , the settletu .-nt of Astoria was founded by the agents of JiColi Astor , a met chant of _"XewYork . The British _< o _^ _ii . r . nie ? iiavinj- learned liis intt-ntiyu to f » rin a seiflcnmit in the Nor ' tli-west territory , liir . _trucr-d tlieir agents to occupy thc groiuid _hif-jre hi'H . It v . _"as a race between the British subjects a : _id ilis American citizens ; the first , to carry _ta » ir fr ., _jit : er pasts iu Oregon as far m Ji . c sottlli _, ihe latter as i .. T to the north , a- p _. _^ _ribL-. They wet on thc lower C ilunma , as theCyreU'an aad _Carthasenian eiuissarSes , o _: i a _si _^ niJar _I ' _-vjicuition , met lo : i _^ ago at tlie

      Syrtt ? . The British reached- tlie north hank of the riser , and th :- Americans l ! : i scmli , within four-amitw _. nty hours of each _i , t ! icr . _T-irt Vancouver is the i _^ _--sr . ! t > A _tlie-Jirinsii espeditin :, as Astoria was of the _American . Baring the war which broke nut iu 1812 . _A-t > _ri-j was _. ie .-uj _. led hy tiie 'iriiish ( it had , * b y the way , beeu _previously soH byA _^ _tw- _'s partners _to ' _-tlieserrauts of tli _.-Kiirtli-wc _^ t Co ; up .. tiy ) . lmi _resuin-d at the peace . So _furrier s _-tt _' _eiiente were formed hy either party till ISIS , when a cinreuuon wa- yaiered into , which reserved fc > eitiier nnti . Hi Us fuii _i * . aii ! _:.-=, bat _cftaiiiuhed a jointoc .- ' _-si . mcy oi iho territory l ' t . r a deiiui-. e period . Since ISIS . _t ' _--rj ' -sa have _liL-i-s no _fc : kir . g of _p-i .-. s . . _-. _s- _? Mm hy th : ; er party : aad really ali : ji-jt } _, _; .. ; foci : ionv before , Si-ems _t-i . j ili _^ m a : id too _li-uUcd to convey to _eitii r uavion _th-j * _- » rcici . * _art- « f t _? ie nhoje territory . The relative p : i-: _u i _; : s o : use i ; ritisi _, and _A' _« . ric . m _iialiou . _s in Oregon _appear tt in—since 1612 ( . _i-.-i _j _. irhaps eailieil Jhiiish

      « .. iura ; u .: i , ms tet-:: _gradiMliy _e-v .- _emjiitg f , « ui C : inada soul tiic iiuil . _* - _« u ' _s ilay _ten-it-u-y to i . _m-gon . Simv 1 SU , the _IVwdSiiics _cmigratioii _Iw-s _gradually been extending io Orcg-ia . _l " _nk-r the eoa » _ciuiiiu ut ISIS , ii \ e _occap-a tioa ol the terrtrury Iiy i s ci ; Izfcsi > , eoaM r < i ; -. vey » o light of _sorerrtany t-. _eitlier j _> _,. v _^ _niuisui . Th ire ' has faeeH ao _tej-rit-jriil _sovenni . iit iu Uregou . Kuusli _cHiatus _li-tve remaiu _.-d _siilijec ; _sa _' _ltritisk laws aud tvihunals , Auieii _^ _ii to Ameiici !! . The _ptogress of s _ttleaient ha * ren Itrcl tiie _CKiitiiiiiaue-j of this _sutfe _olafuir _. _inevpedient . _Aterritorial roveruuieut is _reij'iired . Am-iica ami E-. i . _' ; iiade . _« c ' aview _nitli cipwl _jeal-u-fy and _liistrust the _cjutiarcucy of the whole _sevrisory b \ _-ing subjected K » tl » e < it ! _.- < -r . There _U notuisg for it h-at to . _'ividc the _tor . JEMPy , _.-tiid : io _,-ui _: ' of _dii-L-iiiit li . it the . relative iu-Xer **! i _« f Uie t . vu cia : _iii « uts . Isi liie i m aa _^ e of tlie _^• t ka c .. r .-- .-. u _"; ..-a i ; _hiuc _«\ uy t . i " . iet _^ rm _lae ihelr _^ eJ _^ _tiVi- - x ,, ni .. ji in Ortlon ou a basis _rtmioniiaidc to

      xue : :,- . e .- _« ts . At firit view , the fairest _incih & d _wAi soon to i .-. _' , : o diri _.-e the _terr-tory as nearly a .-p ., sal _» K acre for _wre . Buz . hi rvaSty , if cither hereby _acnuire : a p _^ .-t -y : ihe : erri _< ory _oeru-ded hy citizens of thc Otis : r , its "trot _iatercsa" would : _iut he consulted It is mi lvrol _^ ry _, hut _wj'din- :: ua _ . l } iii fu ; , j _ev- ! s tiiat _Streiigtiieu a _5 .. r-. in r . _eiit . The nat o ! i . ; : _ity of the settlers ought _t-, ! ie the r : tk- « f _division . £ „ _tjic best of _« Kr _hnjaledgist _' _-ieuu _-k ff ' tU . r-A- . aevivan _sett ' . crs are io be f « and i . j tl , e V . _" i ; _iiKimei : e _VaH-.-y , r . _n-i is . Uie vhinity of For : _ier l _' erceS : the l . ? k ofi ! _. _^ _UriiUi _, _,, , uiul F . irt _laacoarer . an , ? ai the . _^ _Hlvmeats _eit-. _iMiug from t :: e _Jyj ; -. er _C'jl-: ai _* j :. i t „ tiie _Siiai _:-,.,. " _ioUn d-.- i ' _iit-a . Taking th nail-. ikSUv „ : _^ _n-sv-tlii-rs as oir guide , the _iine of tlie _L'ja-tr V 'jiu EtlJ , and of ihe _Si _' .:: _i-r . i _JJn-v . to the soJJ-.:-:- of he ] , z :. ; r , _a-i _' . ' jJieiic si . _* ng znv _il-nkiMoxi-ttaUi =, t > vse _-iaraliei of _lorty-ishm _degrees north , appears ths . u < _. st _i-ii _^ ibie i > jimdarv .

      -. _<•« . ' n-j- at pie .-. nt _djlste _<>> .. Ac v . ii : m ,.. « places _against war . Li-: e : i : e _truti . s i _.-jw ; _j w _puljii . - , tiicy ar .-, wc » " ar , zoo _ia-allUv ; lo _Ua \ _.-. _lae _tfiVei . u- _^ _vsgiit pj nave , " i ; it 5 =-: Ihz : iW » t l .: r : i .: llC t udvucatj of tear , _shut-^; . 5 _iKeye-i ; :. _!• .: •;! r . Ut thtir _ilila- ' _tx . ' _? . ; . _' : i , i . „ _s-Af what wl : l : > .- tii-.- ; _i : - .. fc ;' . i » c _ciu « e ;; acin : c * _uf-E ' ugiwjd aad airclica . _i- i ' . _z-z t : _t w . r _.-ih > _ui U . c _^ . m . A-. _m-ricau . privateers ' _wiilcii _cr il' _^ scasswl I'lih _^ e fu r :: _icr-.- _' : ai _, tmco , _an-i on _durjen r _tji . ' . _itiO : ! _v-: ' d'hi . X- _'id-. d . Aa A ' . _iuficanaKrfriril : ; _avs : Ie C' j : i : t-iS : < . hd _i'riiijj . ' ; V : « uadroiis ' nill

      War With America. For Fhe Purpose Of Rei...

      _^^^^^^^ T'T _^ T _^ _' _^ T _^"'""^^^^^^ ' : _^_ — r ' —; _bombMdBostoi _^ e . v _7 ork ,, NewOrleans ,. _^ _theChesapeakb . _" . Thisls , but " the . _ovrt _^ re . . Other na _, tiohs _wUl _ctimplaiit of _aggressians oh dieir cwmu _& _pr Every corh _^ of the earth will be disturbed by the battles of themselves or allies . ......- ; ' . ¦ '•' # ' - _"' ' " - " _* # ' ' ; .. ' . . . _;¦• * ,. . * ..... A nation called the English has" been formed out of , a mixture of races within , the narrow ' circuit of the southern portion of one of the British islands . ' ,.. By . dcr rees , it has engrafted its laws , ihorals , language , " on all Uie divisions of the-islands . Wanting elbow-room at home , it has spreadiitself over the earth . North America , and the Antilles , are filled with it . It is occuyyiug Australia and Oceania . It has seized on the-southern extremity of Africa . Itrules _inHiudostau . Already it has split up into two natons . * - Part obeys the occupant of the old throne iu London ; part a Republican president in _irashington . There mny be further divisions . A great independent English republic may have its seat of go .

      vernment in Sydney . A warrior , caste of English race may enthrone an elective emperor in Calcutta ; and thc ofiice may remain for centuries in one family . - But the language of Hilton , the faith ofthe English Bible , the general principles of equity disseminated through our law volumes , like Gratiauo ' s ' two grains of wheat bid in two bushels of chaff ; will be the common mouid in which the thoughts and feelings of all these people are cast . Into whatever system of states the world may then be divided , those of English race and Eng lish faith will predominate . 2 fow is the time , when these kindred nations are but two—before circumstances have greatly varied their habits of thought , to lay the foundations ofa more just and humane system of public law , to regulate their mutual relations , than has prevailed among states speaking divers tongues . ' The good work has begun in England—will America hang back ? > . ' -: i

      Dreadful Persecution A.Sd Escape From Siberia/Of Polish Priests.

      DREADFUL PERSECUTION A . _SD ESCAPE FROM SIBERIA / OF POLISH PRIESTS .

      The Brussels Journal publishes the following details of the cruel treatment to ' which the Catholic priests are subjected in Russia . In the autumn of IS 12 , nearly 8000 families of the diocese of Podlacbia in Poland embraced thc Greek schismatic _rchgioni some being constrained by the lash ofthe knout , others yielding to the temptation of gold , for it is thus that in uuhappy Poland conversions of the religion of _Bussia are _pficcted . Soon , however , these sad victims to the intolerance and machiavelian arts ofthe ! ' Popes" or Greek priests , obeying'the voice of their former pastors , returned to their , primitive belief , which most of them _had'preserved Intact at the bottom of their hearts . But knowing the dangers to which they exposed themselves by braving the anger of their new : masters , many sought safety in exile ,, and took * refuge in Hungary , ( lalicia , and Posen . Unable to avenge

      themselves on the fugitives , the agents of the Emperor fell on the _^ ecclesiavtics who had influenced the return of their flocks to the true faith , anddh . the night of Jan . S , 1813 , ' 213 Catholici priests , who had contributed to these _i-e-couversions , were seized , _chained hand arid foot like a troop of bandits , and harried , uuder the . guard ofa wuvaerOYM escort , to Minsk . Here they _, passed six mouths ,, condemned to themost severe nridrepulsive labours , watched by pitiless seids ( Russian soldiers ) , and unceasingly a prey to the attacks of vile sectaries , who had recourse to both violence and trichery to obtain their , abjuration . All , " however , preferred tbe most cruel tortures , to apostasy , and among them might be seen rentwed those admirable instances of devotion to their faith which signalised the . martyrdom of the nuns of St . Basil . _, This resistance to _tte attempts of their com erters was a crime

      which merited severe chastisement ; . and accordingly they were punished by exile to Siberia ! The . order soon arrived to transport all the rebels , without exception , to these , icy , deserts . They were bound hand and foot , and confined in . cellular carriages , lighted day and night by a Iaiap suspended from the roof of each cell , and in these gloomy moving prisons they , traversed . the immense distance which separated them from the horrible regions to which Muscovite despotisi _. had banished them , perhaps , for ever . Scarcely had they arrived at Tobolsk ( 1500 miles from Minsk ) , when death swept away 143 of these unhappy ecclesiastics , whose perseverance in the faith of their fathers had dragged them " into exile in thsse frozen deserts . Those who survived their companions were placed in the fortress of this . city ,, along with the most abandoned criminals under the same discipline aad

      at the same labours . Water and black bread , such . was the common food . They wero condemned to saw timber and cut down the trees in theneighbourhood of the citidel , and when tlieir fatigued arms refused to continue this nurd toil , the knout was speedily applied to _stiniuiate their limbs , stiffened by cold and lassitude . On the Sth of May last : a nobbman of Tobolsk rejoiced that on that day a _sou had been granted him , to . perpetuate his name and race , believing he could not better eyice ' e ' his joy than by distributing aiieKtraordiua : y ration , to each of the prisoners in the citadel of seven pounds of meat ( which those unfortunates had not tasted siuce their captivity )_ sixteen pounds of bread , two pounds of honey , and * four quarts of brandy . This was an unusual festival for . these poor priests , who , for two years , had lived on black bread and water . They gratefully accepted the present of the

      nobleman , but refused the brandy . This refusal . saved them . - The officers and soldiers under whose guard they were , less sober than their captives ,. seized with avidity the drink , destined , far the latter , and mixing it with honey , compounded a liquor wcU known in Siberia . This liquor iutoxieated them , and while buried in profound slumber , caused . by their , excess , thc ninety-seven ecclesiastics { -. til who survived ) resolved to make their escape . Without loss of time they formed their _bed-clothes into a cord , by the aid of which they ! dese _ erided , one after the other , through one ofthe windows of ; the fort , and on the last reachiug the _grouudj they hastily gained a wood , into the depth . of which thry penetrated as . far as they could , the better , to elude the pursuit of which , they could not fail to be the objects . They , bad also , taken care to

      provide themselves with the . bread whicli had been given them . ' Their course was long , avid it would be impossible to relate all the fatigues they had to undergo , enreaching-a _placa of safety . When by ci . _-mce they fell iu with any _habitations , tl : cy pretended to be the workmen ofa nobleman well known . in that , country . At last , after traversing immense steppes , dense forests , and wide rivers , which they were obliged to , cross by ; swimming , they arrived in safety at the . shores of thc . White Sea . Here they found a Prussian ship , whose , captain took them ou board . In this vessel they were taken to K 6-liigsberg , _w'lere , meeting for the first time a free country , they _couU at last say they were saved , 'and thanked , with all - the effusion of their heart , Him whose mysterious protection had led them through so many perils and so mauy sufferings to an assured haven of rest .

      Alarm1kg Potatoe Riots At ,., Inverness-...

      ALARM 1 KG POTATOE RIOTS AT _, ., INVERNESS- , [ We take the following account from the lloming _Muertiser . Whoever the " blackguard" may be that wrote it , ho deserves to be "lynched" iur his insolent abuse of the poor . starving people , who , instead ' of throwing ; tlie potatoes into the river , would do well to throw such scoundrels as him in . ] . Iveeness , Febbuart . 6 . —The scarcity of potatoes , in this _neighbourhood has led to sundry riot 3 , much aggtavated by the large body of navigators employed in the vicinity . Unfortunately there is only a small number of

      military at Fort George at present , hut as , many have come iuto Iveruess as could be spared , so as to leave enough for the defence of that importantposition . There appears to be seventy or eighty- who occupy : the castle , and uuder the prudent and spirited command of Captain Campbell , of the 87 th Irish , they have been . of important use in preserving order , and as yet nobody has been killed , but the number wounded must be ten or twelve , some pretty severely , by the bayonets , which the soldiers were obliged to use . when retreating to the . castle with about a score of prisoners ; and smieof the gentlemen and coustab ! es were severely cut by the stones .

      Ifiu the course of the night the navigators ,, of whom there are upwards ofa thousand , overwhelm the military , it is impossible to say where this unfortunate affair will end ; the whole town and _ueigbbbsrhovd will be at the mercy of these blackguards for six days , being the shortyst periud within which we can ohtaiu assistance . Oh' for twelve hours for our Perth and . Inverness-railway ! If anything will opeu the eyes of government , it is the danger in which we are at present . The riots began on Wednesday , in the attempt to ship some potatoes at Thorn Bush Pier . The low population of the town opposed it successfully , in spite of tha pelicc magistrates ; and tbe military were sent for and placed in the _tastleiu case of need . The town was quiet all day on Thursday , being the Sacramental fast-day ; but in the evetiiug the navvies marched in from the canal , and being joined by our own mob , proceeded te smash windows , threatened or attempted to set fire to the : Provost ' s

      distillery , aud it was considered proper to order out tbe military , who , after a brush , succeeded in capturing about twenty rioiei ' o , when the mob disperse j . To-day special _constalles were sworn in , and under cover of a strong body of constables , with the Provost and sherhTat . their head , an attempt was made to ship the rest of the cargo . Ahjut half way to the pier the mob _attaciicd us slightly , W '? urro < m < ied ' us in thousands ; and , after the shMUt read the _lliot Act and a proclamation , we continued our march io the pier ; The mob had taken up a very _strong position here close to the place of shipment , aud whenever the attempt was made to ship the potatoes we were attacked with the utmost fierceness , and we were all , after a very short combat , obliged to fly .- The soldiers were sent lor , but before they arrired oar cart and its _potatoes were sent into the river . The military shipped another , aud so the affair ended iu the meantime . Thc Midlers havo behaved very well , aud Mr . Tytler ar . d Provost Sutherland are _hcrous .

      There was a riot in Xaira . last night ; aud at Cambeltowii , _invergordon , & c , the same spirit prevai s _, and not a potatoe will be shipped without a military escort , though thc authorities assured us to-day there was an abundance in thc country . Thc following proclamation has been issued by the sheriff of the county : — " Whereas , notwithstanding the proclamation issued by the provost and magistrates of Inverness on the 4 th inst , ihe authorities of the county and town were this day deforced and assaulted by a riotous mob , compelled t « read the Kiot Act , and cull in the assistance of the military power .

      " The authorities , in addition to thc prisoners alread y in custody , have marked several others , who were active in the riot aiid mobhing , and they have been informed that tho public piwee is'still threatened ;* 'they therefore prohibit all parties from appearing on tlie-streets , lanes , aud _loiids of the town o _^ _Juveniess and its suburb ? , after

      The Hour ' Of Nine " O ; Clock " Of This...

      the hour ' of nine " o clock of this evening ; and they hereby ihtm _' a ' te thaVany _^ , _said streets , lanes / or roads ; between ' the' said- hour and ' six o ' clock . ' a . m . to-mbrr 6 wI *' Bhalr , b _$ deemed arid held to be disturbers pf _^ he ' pe ' ace ' _anr in the said riot arid mob / arid shall be apprehended arid prosecuted as felons—the Riot Act ' alreadyread bcing ' still in foree . ' . " The authorities aforesaid ; while they are determined to enforce the law , " take tbis _opportunity inhabitants , that measures have been taken for supplying the market of Inverness with potatoes . " ' , ; " ¦ '' - _' ' -. - ¦ ¦ ; ¦«¦ God save the Qiieen .- _!¦•¦ ¦;¦ . "By order of WiUiam Eraser Tytler , Esq ., sheriff of the couuty of' Inverness , ' and James Sutherland , Esq . ; provost , and the other magistrates of Inverness : ' - : _*•¦« Patk . Grant , SheriffClerk . [ "Aiex . Mactavish , TownClerk . " Inverness , Gth Peb ., 1846 . " . . . _' . . _*;

      , Teterai :Mm$Mti*

      , _teterai : MM $ mti *

      Fires Is Thb ; Metropolis.—No Less Than ...

      Fires is thb Metropolis . —No less than six hres hroke out in the metropolis on Saturday evening and Sunday morning last . One of tlie fires at the shop of Mr . Rebbeck , oil and colourman , 2 , Cambridgeroad , Mile End-gate , was occasioned by tlie explosion of a packet of gunpowder . 'The proprietor of the shop , who was seriously injured ,. was convoyed to ' the London Hospital , where he remains in ' a very precarious state . Another fire of a fearful character broke out oh . the premises of J . Slariey , cabinet maker , 37 , Skinueivstrcet , _Bishopsrate- _^ treefc . The _workishop ,

      _\\ _-herc there can'be ho rioubt the fire originated , with all the valuable contents ( manufactured and unmanufactured goods and workmen's tools ) was utterly destroyed , ami much timb r damaged in the lower part of the extensive pile of building ; - ; _, ' _Avnfvjii _SHrewRECK .--Th | ebaYq \\ e Bencoolen , Capt . Claribut , was . wrecked ou Saturday night last , on Taylor ' s . Bankrricaftivei _* po 61 . ' . ' . Only ; _eiglit ; ottt _* ofa crew of twerity-ohe , were saved , by _^ tak _ihjg to the boat . _iTh ' e remaining tliirtcen ,.. incJiidibg the captain , mates , and pilot , were'drowne'd ; when the ' vessel _Yveut'to pieces _^ _wiiicliioccwred vei _^ . shortly after she struck . ., ' .. " . ' . ' ¦ . ' .

      A MunDERER Arrested . —We learn from the _Augsburgh Gazette that _thejmirderer ofthe Woman whose body was found cut up in different chests at Naples , has been arrested at . Trieste , and , taken in custody to Naples , where he will shortly . be . tried .. _INCENDIABY FlBE . _—DaEADFUL ,, DESIKUCTION .--An incendiarv fire broke out on the premises of Mr . tree , farmer , at Bottisham , Cambridgeshire , on Saturday morning last _.-. _u Tho whole of the premises , with the exception of the dwelling house ,, together with about

      one hundred ' and thirty coombs of wheat , tbe like quantity of barley , aud other agricultural produce , various implements , a valuable cart-horse , and some swine , were entirely destroyed . The fire next caught She adjoining farm , tho property oi '; Mr . Jolm King , and occasioned immense loss . . This was-not all . The wind being _liigb , sparks were , conveyed by it to some cottages on the opposite side ofthe village , belonging to . Mr . Parker , which boou ignited ,, and fifteeu dwellings were soon in « ne blazingmass ; _«*» nd twenty-four poor families haye been thus deprived of ¦ ¦

      ahome . . . . , ' ,, _< ¦ ¦ -, : _> -. ' _- _,. v __ ,., . A Ship Destroyed bv LiOHTNiso .--The ship Bayfield was struck , by lightning on the coast of Africa , and was immediately enveloped in flames . The eaptain and crew were compelled to . take to the boat for eight days , suffering the greatest hardships , but were at length-so fortunate as to reach Sierra Leone in safety . ? . ' , - : , Tub Civil War is the Cut . —At the Central Criminal Court , on Monday , John . Kiucluu _. E . Mackay ,

      JohncDodd , John Sinclair _,. and , John Ireland—the first-mentioned defendant beiug the captain of one of the Watermen ' s steam-boats , and tlie others all being in the service ofthe Bame-company—were charged . with creating a riot upon the river Thames , and also with assaulting several of the constables of the City police force , while in the . execution of tlieir duty . The jury found them guilty , of : a common assault , with the exception of , Sinclair , i who was acquitted . Kinchin waa sentenced to be imprisoned forsix weeks , and theothers for three weeks each . _> _-.,- , v .- ' ¦

      - ; Fatai ; Cart Accident . _'^~ Tuesday afternooil , about twenty minutes after , two o ' clock , aa a man named Robert Fletcher , aged thirty-five , in the employ of Mr . James ; Stone , carrier , ofrChinnor , 0 xT fordshire , was riding ; in his master ' s cart , driven by his brother , through Fleet-street , towards Templebar , on arriving at Bride-lane he got out of the cart , and while intheact of . stepping from the shaft to the ground , his foot slipped , and ho fell , the near wheel passing over his head , and chest , resting upon the latter , the cart , at the timo being laden with a hogshead of sugar , and other goods , weighing nearly

      two tons , which ,, it is supposed , caused the rupture of tin interna ! blood-vessel , as the blood flowed profusely from his mqtith aud nostrils . " 'Tiie ' poor fellow expired in a few minutes . _ExTEssivE Fire sear Sdxderland . —On Friday last a fire ! . took place in the brown-paper manufactory of Messrs . Iluttoh , Fletcher , ' and Co ., at _Deptfoi-d , about two miles from Sunderland .,. The whole ofthe valuable machinery was destroyed , and the property lies aheap ofruins . . The , 'damage , will not amount to less than from four thousand to , five thousan ' U pounds . ' -. . j .

      A max _Soucmxa to be _Transported . —On Monday , at the _CentrarCrimirial Court , James Yfaylett , convicted of stealing a , coat , " ivas _sehteiiced to be . to * - prisoned , for twelve months the Judge intimating that he might have been sent abroad for fifteen years . Prisoner : My Lord ; - that is-what Ip ' rayibr .. Although not proved against nie , I admit . _irhave been ' convicted of small offences and imprisoned several times , " and it is impossible for me to get an honest living in this country .. I hope your lordship will alter the judgmeht . _^ The Itecorder , after consulting with Mr . Ardermatt ; Sidney , said : Prisoner , yonr application hi' a very strong one in * asking that yow miybc ' seht ' out of tho country . ' 1 hope you have considered y » iir ' application well ; It appears clear that the ; only chance of your reform , and , that at a remote 'jeriod _. ' _. _hiust be iu another country ,

      thcrctbre , at your own request , the sentence is , that you be transported for fifteen years ! The prisoner , _Avlio shed ; tears , / thanked Iiis lordship for his indulgence _^ and bowing respectfully _^ ' left the bar ., Thei L ' ate ' _Explosio . v at' Hasweli _, Coixiery . — The special committee appointed by the united committee ofthe coal trade in the north of England , comprising the Blsthe _, _. T-jne , Wear , and Tees districts , have . reported against the suggested apparatus for clearing the *' goaves " , of fire-damp , i ) rofmixturea of common air-and fir _« _-damp ,, either entirely or to such an extent as to prevent , an " underflow " into adjacent parts of the mine . Such an apparatus w , is _suifg-ested by Messrs ; Xyall and Faraday- but is rejected by -the committee as " difficult" and " expensive , " if not absolutely . impracticable . Accidext ox the * Great Westers Railway . —On

      Tuesday hijjkt an accident' occurred on the Great Western railway . No lives _' were lost , but several mea were severely bruised ; '' Collisions o . v the River _Merset . —Two collisions have this week occurred on the" river'Mersey . The brig Limena , bound for Puerto-Rico , was under sail on her * Outward voyage : she ran foul of the Pearl _barque ; ' Both vessels : were much damaged . The John Brooks , an inward bound vessel , lying off the King's dock , had her bowsprit carried away by a vessel being towed across her bow . Selkirkshire Election . —On Friday week , a Mr . Lockhart , the ministerial candidate , ' was elected to represent the county of Selkirk in Parliament . CoMMITTAIi ' OF A _SlIAREBROKER FOR FORGERY . —On Saturday last , Herman Julius Marcus , a stock and shartbroker carrying on business in Leeds , was committed to take his trial on the charge of forgery .

      . Death of H . G . Ivxigih ; M . P . —We regret to announce the death of Henry Gaily Knight , Esq ., M . P . lie died on the 0 th inst .- , at 69 , - Lower _Grosvcaorsti-eet , aged 59 . * ¦ '•' - ¦¦ ' - " ¦ ' ¦ _* ¦ 1 _LoxcEviir . —The Univcrs mentions thcdeatli , in Belgium , of a man named Jean Joseph Dinsart , at the ; extraordinary ' age of 100 years , ' wanting two mouths . He preserved liis intellectual faculties' to the last . ' ' ' .. ' , ' ¦ ¦ ' The _WEAinBR _at- 'St . Petersboroii . —The annual festival of the * benediction of the Neva was

      celebrated at St . Petersburgh on' the 18 th ult . ; but without the . accustomed military pomp , on account of the state of the weather ; which had changed from the warmth of . tlie preceding montli to " a degree of cold equalling about 24 'degrees' of Reaumur , 22 below zero of Fahrenheit . . j Annexation of Canada to the United States . —A project is on foot to erect a suspension bridge across the-river Niagara , at a point between the falls and the whirlpool , which , it is said , is quite practicable . , ¦

      Sir Robert _Peev . —ThhTsday last was the anniversary of the _nctal day of Sir Kobert Peel , who lias now completed tlie 5 Sth year of his age . The Fall of a Warehouse at Liverpool . —The body of Lacey , the man . who was missing after the fall of the bonded warehouse in Liverpool , has been discovered under , the rubbish in one of the rooms . Tiic unfortunate man wasa widower , and has left five children to mourn his loss . Fatal Coxflict with Oraxoemen . —The Coleraine _Ch-onicle , an Orange paper , gives an , account ofa

      fatal affray betweeu some Roman Catholics and Orangemen , near Maghera , a district famous for Orange violence for many a year . Its result was , that two Roman Catholics lest their lives , the armed Orangemen having fired indiscriminately _upsn acrowd . m . < Editorial Life , in _Vicksburg . —Two or three of the editors of the Vicksburg . Sentinel have been murdered—among them , the lamented Dr . IIagan ; and we now learn that-the life of the present editor is threatened * by _aq armed man , who is parading the _streets for au opportunity' to shoot his intended victim .

      Resignation of Mb . .. Mark Phillips , M . P . —The Jfenctaer Guardian states that Mr . M . Phillips is about to resign his seat for that town . Sir John Ross , the enterprising explorer of , the arctic seas ,-has been madea bankrupt . Tho . dcbts and liabilities are estimated at about £ 10 , 000 , and the assets at ncarly . 4 iC 00 . ! . it * ¦

      ' Theten Hours', Bitl. , , ««-1.:..* - :...

      ' THETEN HOURS ' _, BItL . , , «« _-1 .:.. * _- :. 8 , , ¦ ; -, . " - . ' : _.- _•? - , _. l _^; :, j . i : ' . ' _, . thill _miX _^ _'l _, > B - ' ¦ ' MEETING ; OF _' MR _^ _fe ARME _^ S _^^ f _^ : _vTiyfis :. To ;; ooN riiX DiOT . _;» R _/ _'BB | GHi s " STATEMExYfS ' . IN , THE HOUSE ; . pF _^ _GQMj . "' MONS' " ' " _'"' . ' ¦'' : '' ¦ _' '" - ¦ ¦ -. ' "¦ ' ¦ "" ' _- . ' ¦ " _- . " ; r Mr . ; John _, Briglit , ;; M . _F ; : having ,, _on'Thursaay _, night , the 29 th ! ult ., ' in ' ; the Hou _^ W . of , Commons , on Lord Ashley ' smoti 6 n for leave'to bring , in _, his .. len Hours' Factory Bill , made ' a s _^ tement , in oppoBitio _^ to theimotion , toi _tlieeftoctthat _^ _when Mr . Gardner , of Preston , and his manasrer . whb . ' . was . a ' n enthusiast

      in " thecaiise , reduced the hours of work to eleven , ne ( Mr . Gardner ) increased the speed of . his steamengine and other machinery , and made ; up tor lost time by _takikg some minutes fromthe meal hours ot his people , " the operative ** of Mr ' . ' Gardner ' s factory met on _Tuesday night last , for 'the purpose of contradicting the statement so made . < -The meeting _^ as held in Springfield-house , Bow-lane ; and thefaetory operatives , male and female , to the number , of about 400 ;\ vith some hands from other mills ( but no masters ) , were present . . ¦ " ''• ¦ : ¦ ' . ¦ ' _.- . . _* : , * - * .: ' _¦ ¦ , !' ¦ . ¦' : ' ¦ '' ¦¦ _' ' _'" ' ed b

      On the motion of Mr . James Brown , second y Mr . W . Hyam , Mr . James . Walsh was called to the . _eliairV- ' " '¦ - * > i ' - : ¦' , ¦ - r _-v - ¦ - ; .. '• ¦ ' ; _= ' - ' . 'Mr . Amos Wilson said—lam not- an' operative , of Mr . Gardner ' s , but' there is none among you who feels this insult from -John-Bright more than I do ; I have attended here to" see whether it . be true or not ; , if it be' true- _^ which I do , not believe—then I and . others have been _; _instrumontal in causing _; Lord | Ashley to err . I believed it untrue from the first , and j thought that Mr . Gardner ' s hands should have an ; opportunity of repelling 'it , and -so prove to' the . _\* vorld that John Bright is a man net always given > to _; telling' the truth . [ Mr . Wilson then read- Mr . ' Briglit ' s remarks as reported in the Standard , Times ,:

      ani ' Morning Chronicle , which though slightly varied in expression ; were all to the same ' - ' effect . ]' - Now , ; _continued Mr . Wilson , it is- for you to say whether you have been deprived of your meal time or not , Idon'tthihkyou have been deprived of tea-time , for there is none allowed . [ A person , whose name we ( Ud ¦ _hot'learn , here cried out , thathe did not think there , was a factory in the town , or indeed in the wholej _eoitritry , which has such long meal hours as Mr . Gardner ' s . There could be ho abridgnient of the tea ; hour , for no time was allowed for tea whatever ; bat ; with respeet to breakfast and dinner hours , no master could lie less oxiicting than' Mr .- ' Gardner . Another _, person said , "We have'often left minute ' s before , and got back minutes after the bell rung , * and were never fbiuid fault with . " a statement which was confirmed

      by " others present . ] ' Mi * . Wilson then resumed : — It was thought the public might be set right by your meeting together , and adopting a proper motion ; and I ' recommended as many of the boys to be brought as possible , for if any time is taken from you , depend upon it none know so well as the boys ; they look after the clock as sharply as anybody . ( Laughter andcheers . ) ; _'*•; ' •' : " . " Mv : John Sergeant said—Having worked for Mr . Gardner during nearly ten years ; I can say that no one iii Lancashire keeps better time with respect to meal hours than "he does ; and the speech that John Bright lias made in the House of Commons is a gross insult to him and the whole county . With respect to Mr . Heatoh , our manager , being " * an enthusiast in the cause "—well may he be soi and well might

      any man who has a spark' of philanthropy in his bosom . Mr . Heaton is a practical-man ; he has worked within the walls of a ' cotton-mill since he was eight years of age , and is now inhiss « ventietli year ; so that the enthusiastic support " of such _aman , who at his time of life ' can have ho' object to gain in deceiving any body ; says much for the justiceandexpediency ofthe cause . ( Cheers ;) "I have to move the following resolution;— " That we / the operatives in theemploy of R . Gardner ; Esq ; , of this town ; having heard read' a portion of a' speech delivered by John Bright , Esq ., M _1 P ., in the Ilouse of Commons , Jan . 29 th . 1846 . in which he states , ' when we commenced

      working eleven hours per day we " came to a' determination to naive several minutes deducted from thc time allotted to breakfast , dinner , and tea ; unhesitatingly declare this statement to be false ' _andunfounded . In _thei firstplacc ; we 'have ho time _^ _whatever' allotted for tea . ' Secondly , we defy Mr ; Bright or atiy other persbh'to prove that we have not always enjoyed the full time for meals allowed : by law , viz . *; half ah hour for breakfast ' and an' hour for dinner .-And further , we deblare _^ that _nS'hian can require and demand " a ' more ' strict' adherence' * to the provisions of the Factory Act ' than our esteemed and respected-manager , Mr . 'John'Ileaton . " ; - Mr . R . Greenough seconded the motion . *

      • The Chairman then inquired whether any person present had anything to say against the resolution , and none objecting ; he gave permission to _anyionc to speak in its favour .. ' >' ¦ ¦¦¦> ' ¦ •> '¦¦ _- ¦ ¦ _ * ' •• ¦•' Mr . VY . Hyam accepted the'invitation . The former _speakers , he said , are from one side ofthe mill ; let me now turn to the other . I belong to the " weaving department , being under the second engine . I am now in my fourth year with Mr . Gardner , and can declare that I never had such bell-hours as I have under him . We do not always start at the half-hour —many a time not till five minutes after it ; aud though it is understood wc should work eleven hours , * it is well known that the engine dbennot ran eleven ( two females , " No , it don't ''); and our allotted time

      for meals is not robbed from ns to make up any deficiency ( hear ) .: I _amserry that Mr . Bright should have sueh an . opinion of us working men as to say that we have made false statements in , this room before . I am one of those to whom he alludes , and 1 am ready to bear out what I have formerly said to its fullest extent ( hear , hear ) . . Did he know what I am acquainted with in Preston , I am sure he would ' blush to offer a word , against the Ten Hours' Bill . I know , at this moment , aichild in this town entirely ruined through being . left , by its parents , both of whom are compelled to goto the factory , to tlie care of a young , girl ; . and ; it is not that child alone , biit thousands in the districts around ns are left in : the same hazardous situation . ( A woman ' s voice— " My

      lad , that ' s true . " ) Better , views are working their way , however ; and the Ten . Hours'Bill would yet be passed in . the course o _£ a , few years , in spite of John . Bright and his opposition . It is further said , continued , Mr ., Hyam , that the ,, operatives cannot maintain their position unless they work twelve hours a day .. Now , I challenge any overlooker , master , or manager , to . examine my number alone , and _. he will find that for the last eighteen months I have maintained the position , which I formerly had . From what I know of -them T can say this also for the other hands in tho mill . After some further remarks on the . injurious effects of protracted labour on the human system , and the comparative freedom of Mr . Gardner ' s hands from the evil , Mr . Hyam concluded amidst cheers .. . . < > ¦¦ ., '

      , . .. The motion was then put , when a whole'forest of hands were held up in its favour , and it was then declared to be carried . . .. , , Mr . James Brown then moved the , fonowing _resolution : — " That the thanks of this meeting be giveH te our employer , It . Gardner , Esq ., " for the many benefits he has conferred oh lis ; by reducing our hours of labour to ' eleven per' day ; and that the meeting hope the time is not far distant whenall factory operatives will enjoy a good and efficient Ten Hours ' Bill . " _;; Mr . John Anyon : I beg to second the motion . I wish we had more . " . enthusiasts . " If John Bright were an "enthusiast ih the cause , " his own workpeople would be benefitted , " and he would be no loser . Having been connected with factories nearly

      twentytwo years now , I know the effects of long hours . , and short biies too ; and were I not an enthusiast for short hours Ishould be ashamed of inyself . Mr . Bright made some statements ' ' respecting our speeding the engines . ' Now , I can give you the facts upon that point correctly , and show him and the country whether the hour remitted by Mr . Gardner has been regained by that means or not . _Alljconnectediwith our factory know that for the last twb _' or three years , until we got Goodfellow ' s patent pistons and buckets , wc havebeen short of speed in both the power-loom and spinning departments . Both engines , the powerloom one in particular , instead of running eleven per day , did in fact during that time run much less . This arose from a fault in' the premises ' , there not

      being sufficient boiler room ; but since that deficiency was supplied , we have run full time . Mr . Ahyon then read from the power-loom engine time book , lent him by Mr . Gardnoiy the various entries of time lost by the engine every week from the week ending the 24 th of May , 1845 , till that ending the 16 th ult . Iii conclusion , he would have Mr . Bright and the country to know that the whole credit of originating the eleven hours ' system was due to Mr . Gardner alone ; and that all praise was due to that gentleman for his kind and _ehristian-like . conduct in allowing his work-people , more time to devote to their own self-improvement and domestic enjoyments , whilst he still paid them their former rate of wages undiminished . . ( Great applause . )

      The motion wsv 9 agreed to with deafening and prolonged applause . .. The Chairman then observed—I recollect that , on the . second reading of the Ten Hours' Bill the last time it was presented , this same gentleman , John Bright , came forward , and told the house he was prepared to prove that the milliners of London worked twenty-two hours but of the twenty-four the whole year round . ( A laugh . ) This was said by tho same individual who made the same statement last Thursday night with respect to your employer , which yon have to-night seen clearly disproved . I leave it to'yourselves to judge whether * human nature can labour twenty-two hours a-day the who _' e year through . ( Laughter , and cries of "no , no . " ) Now , then , judge for yourselves of Mr . Bvight ' s veracity

      . _ Mr . Amos Wilson then moved a vote of thanks to Lord Ashley ; and having addressed the meeting at some length , concluded by observing that thoir meeting together was then' own spontaneous act ; they had lolttieinsult offered them by John Bright , and had met to repel it , and defy him or any body to prove that their employer had deprived them of any portion or tlieir meal hours . ( _Choeivs . ) .- . Mr . Anyon seconded the motion , . and said that when hetormcrlj' spokq . he had intended , to give Mr . Bright credit for one truth he littered concerning Mr . Gardner a hands _t and that vas that they worked

      ' Theten Hours', Bitl. , , ««-1.:..* - :...

      _Y'' _- ''' Y ' ' _'V' _*' ' ' _- ' - _F * ' _* - ** _-Y' * mi _*^^ harder in the" eleven than they did in the twelve hours ;*• [ A ' _-voice- _* - _^ 'Aye . _; because _^* we ; are . - not > so jaded : » _f ¦ .. — -W £ , . 4 * . _^ ¦ . . ' .. > j . _*; . _*« _aw- _- _^ . The motion wasthehagreed to . , Mr , James Brown moved _thcHhanks of the meeting to ths CehlraFSIiort Time'Committee ' for the * patriotic and benevolent manner m which'they carry foi _* ward ' theTeh * Hours' Bill agitation . ' ' : _•'< - " - '* Mr . John Sergeant ; in seconding' the motion ; testified to thd deserts of the committee ' , he having attended themeetihgs of the'delegates' at 'Manchester last month . " _-- - '' •¦ ¦ ' ¦ - - ' »"' ¦ ••• _•" . . * _-- ' _- '

      The motion was agreed to . " _> - *• ' Mr . ' W ; Ward ( the same who tookpart in the proceedings at an earlier stage , and who is one of those unfortunate _^ victims bf industry , ¦ ' styled " _factory cripples" )" moved a vote of thanks to-Mr . Oastler . He said that however painful it was to have the finger of . sconi pointed at him in the streets , he was not ashamed of his _inisfortunfc' It was the manufacturei _* s , he considered , who had done itLthose for whom he had worked fourteen ' ,, _fifitsen , and sixteen hours' a day ; _whon only about fourteen years of age . ' The motion was seconded by Mr . R . Greenough , arid ' agreed to . ¦ "¦ " . - ; .. ' , ' , „ - The meeting then broke up . —Abridged from the Preston Guardian . * ' ¦ _•*' ¦ ' . _*' " _*" ' ' ' ';' ¦ "¦

      Lord 1 Ashley And The Ten ..Hours.

      LORD ASHLEY AND THE TEN .. HOURS .

      ... . ;; ,,. BILL . _•"' BnAnFonD , _SATunnAv . —The usual weekly meeting of tho Central' Short Time' Committoe of the West Riding took place' at . their committee room'last night , Mr . ' Charles Howard _. in' the , chair ; who , after a few appropriate remarks , called upon the secretary , Mr . Balme , to lay before the committee such information as he might have _l-eccivcd since tlieir last meeting . The secretary proceeded to lay before thera the result of their lastmeeting ' s request to Mr . 'Walker- _^ th ' at he ' wouldbe ' pleas edtb bring before tho candidates and eloctors of _tlieWest'Ridingi

      onthe day of riomihatioh , ; which tookplaceat Wakefield last Wedhesday _. ii repo _' rt ' of which wasreadfrom Friday ' s Tims . He then drew their attention' to the address which he had issued to the electors of the West Riding ; thanking them for the very hearty reception which was given' to- _the' _-Teh' _-Hours _^ _'Bill brought b & fbre them last Wednesday ;' -After'which the secretary laid'b ' efore them ah address whiclv he had received from 'Lord Ashley , _^ announcing * the resignation of his Lordship ' s seat in the House' of Commons V in reply to which the following address was unanimously adopted ' : — • _- ¦ *

      " THis REPLT OF THE _CENTBAIi ' : _SHOBT TIME COMMITTEE or tub ' _wEa-i . _EiniNG , to '\ mx > _as-bi . * ev' 6 abbe-ess -io TUEM OK _BESIONiNQ _^ , SEAT . ' . _TUEHOOSE OE COM-, _MONs , ' ;\ ' ' ;; . '' ' . ' _^' , ' . " ¦ ¦ _% ,. '' , ' .. . _.. _- "My Lord , —It is . with feelings of the deepest sorrow that . we have received the anuouncement of your , lordship ' s resignation of your seat in Parliament . ; Although weperceive , in this _procodiire ; the ' manifestation of . that honourable . and noble principle which-lias always been conspicuous in . your lordship ' s ' character , yet We cannot fori-et that , in the course your ' lordship has piirsued _^ the most serious interests , o £ a iarge'yet powerless class ' of our fellow beings _areplaced in jeopardy by the withdrawal of your humane and influential advocacy of their claims _, in the Ilouse of Commons . ' ,. ,.,,., ' , . — . __ . _ . _» . _ „„ , . , . _,..,, - .. .

      ,, m _) _"IVhen we reflect , . _Jrhat . the amehoralions which have taken place in the condition of ' the juvenile , operatives employed in factories are mainly' attributable to your lordship ' s indefatigable exertions iri'I _* arliament ; and that without them their degraded position in thescale of humanity would have been comparatively untnowa in the legislative assembly , we feel ah amount of gratitude which we ean ' not adequately express , ' Yet , when we cohsidei * that' the improvements whieh have been made in the factory , system fallfar short of the _reijuireihents of justico _^ -far short , of what is essential to the rights and very limited comforts of our children and tlie manufacturing . population generally ,, and of which further improvements ' your lordship has been the unflinching Parliamentary ' advocate ; aiid when , moreover , we perceive

      so formidable an array of interested and unrighteous opposition to the claims and necessities of the working classes , we feel that , by your ' lordship's relinquishment of your searih ; the Ilouse of Commons , our prospects are less flattering , ' our expectations are less confident for the , ' time , and the ' most momentous question ofthe age—ttie Factories Bill—may ' be subjectedto a further distressing postponement . ' We do trust ; however , that your lordship will be reinstated in your senatorial capacity . IVe trust that the electors of _Dorsetshire will do _Credit to themselves arid justice to ' the country by inducing you to resume your seat with an * accession of influence to your political station , and that all these things whichjatpresent seem against us , may , by God ' s blessing , : bo made subserrieht to the advancement of the measures which for so many years have been uuder your lordship ' s guidance and care .

      ; "Signed , on behalf of the Central Short Time Committee of the West Riding of Yorkshire , " February 6 , 1816 . " Jous Balme , See . " To the Right Hon : Lord Ashley . " An address to Mr . Fielden , M . P ., was next read and adopted ..... It was resolved that the best thanks of the committee be : given , to their ,, friend Mr . Walker , for the able , manner iii whicli . he brought the , subjectof the Ten . Hours' Bill before the _candidates , ( and electors of the West' Riding , on Wednesday last . " 'After some other local business had been transacted , the meeting adjourned at half-past ten o clock . . ' ,

      Elevation. Of, Lord * Ashley To The, , P...

      ELEVATION . OF , LORD * ASHLEY TO THE , , PEERAGE . , ,. ,. _... ,.: _' : .. ¦ ' [ From the Morning _CAronuleof Wednesday . } We hear that Lord , Ashley , is ' , to be immediately raised tothe peerage . If the rumour be correct , the fact . will be _welcemed by thecountiyas a welldeserved j tribute to the . personal' character of one whom , nature and . fortune have , ' already ennobled . Lord Ashley ' s generous sympathies for the poor and the o ppressed have removed him sufficiently , from the sphere of mere party politics , to render _^ retirement -from public life an event which men ofall classes would deplore . Differing as wc do from many of the views of the noble lord , we have never failed to recognise the honesty of purpose by which his public conduct has been guided . We'have not untrcqueritly ' _endeavoured to- expose what we believe _^ to _be"hisT errors ; but it-would have argued a signal

      want of candour to attribute those errors to any other cause than an inadequate examination of the bearings of the subject on which the noble lord ' s best known efforts at legislation hav « 'been made . High qualities , both of head and heart , have always been evinced by Lord Ashley , whether in the conduct of measures like the' Mines and the Collieries Act , upon which he carried public opinion along with them , or in the management of his Factory Bill , upon which we believe the sense of the country has been against him . Such men are hot so common in- farliament that they can be easily spared . We regret , and the public will regret , Lord Ashley ' s retirement from _the'House of Commons , * but as he has felt it necessary to relinquish his seat , it is satisfactory to think thatthe legislature will not lose the benefit of his services . The Premier has not made any promotion which will do him more honour than the calling up of Lord Ashley to the House of _Poers . . .. !; ... > It is rumoured that Lord * Ashley will succeed Lord Lincoln at theWoods and Forests .

      American Okatorv.—Thc New York Herald Th...

      American OkatOrv . —Thc New York Herald thus amusingly describes the speech ' of one of the war patriots ' : — ' . ?! Mr ., Chipman , in the H 0 USe , to the infinite diversion of that honourable body _^ an'd the people in the galleries , talked of '; the middle extreme , ' and of ' escaping Syllabub to be swamped on Carrybobus , ' of Jefferson ' s gunboats : — ' ' " ¦

      " ' . Here is gun-beat number one—Wiggle-waggle went her tail , And pop went her gun ;" and positively affirmed that he would rather be blown up by the British iri the capitol , than surrender the first solitary square yard of Oregon , or the first pebble south of 54 . 40 , washed by the attrition of the waves of the racifie into the rounded form ofa semi-circular triangle . And then he told us of tbe old fable of the hedge-hog and the _sudkes , and said that this old British hedge-hog woo ' . d find the American snake a regular boa-constrictor , that

      would gulp him down at a mouthful—hair , bristles , quills , and claws . ; Arid then he pledged us , iri the event of war , that Michigan would take Canada in ninety days ; and if that did not suit , that thoy would give it' up , ' and do it over again in ninety , without asking tbe three days ' grace , according to law . But , to be serious , Mr . Chipman spoke like a patriot ; he was strong , he was grand , he was sublime—frequently dipping , at an acute angle , into the ridiculous . But he was funny , aud he woundup the proceedings of the day in a hearty round of laughter— ' ¦ ¦ '

      •* ' Thrice renewed , and thrice again . '" Fatal Accioent ok inn River . —On Sunday afternoon , about two o ' clock , a female , about eighteen years of age , " named Mary Ann Knight ; whose parents reside . in Ship-yard , Temple-bar , was playing with a child _. her brother , on the Upper Templebar Pier ; and when in the act of stooping to raise the child from the deck of one ot the inner barges it gave a lurch , and both fell under tiie rail into the water . The tide , which was ebbing at the time carried both under the barge , towards the lower floating pier . Mr . Ilill , the pier-mastoi * on the upper pier , hearing the cry of a woman and child overboard , ran to the lower pier with all possible haste , and jumped into a boat alongside in an instant . The

      child was floating on its back , and the tidein a few seconds more would have drawn-it under the barges of the lower pier , when Hill reached over his boat , and recovered the child . He then went round to the Temple sido oftbe lower , pier , and saw the voting woman's shawl floating on the surface of the water and put his arm underneath , in the expectation ot * being able to recover her , but , unfortunately , the shawl had become detached from her person , and she was not again seen . Hill continued his search for somo time , the drags were thrown out , and every exertion . was used to recover the body , in which he ultimately succeeded . The , child was . taken home , and was reported to be going on favourably . An inquest was held'on the , body of the . deceased on Tuesday i when the jury returned a verdict of " Accidenta death by . drowning . " * - > \

      ^Opr^^Ar -^

      _^ _opr _^^ ar - _^

      ' House Of'lor ' Ds^Monsay , Feb.9. V - ...

      ' HOUSE OF LOR DS _^ Monsay , Feb . 9 . - " PUBLic _' WORKS _^ IR _^ _ANfjJi BILL . ' The Earl of St . . GKRMAiNS _. _/ in _. movmgtke _/ secofld reading of this bill , briefly _^ plained _., ; its ( . _provisions . With respect to grants , it _^ _WiJP _^^ _-W _^ _Wni of £ 50 , 000 at Mc disposal , oithe _. Board _. of Works , and provide somefurthev facilities for makinggrants ; and with respect to loans / or draihage and other , improvements , it would extend , the . time from three to twenty years . J'fhe commissioners _. _wrould M enabled to bring home fo the very doors of the _peasantry the means of profitable employment , which wasthe relief to hfl looked to _in-thenresent _emergency .... No !" _.

      too , could have seen the great publio works executed within the kit few , years iii Clare , Antrim / and other counties , and the effect _prptlucedby-thoseimprpvements , without feeling that a more profitable investment ofcapitalcouldscarcely _be'found ; The power of consumption on the part of that country _w-islikely thus to be incalculabl y increased , and themoral and social benefits'to be expected should-induce us to make every reasonable exertion to promote the- progress ' of those improvements . ( Hear , _ihear . _) . _^_ Lord Monteaolk approved . ofvthe , _bill ..,:. _Nothing could beamore grievous mistake than to . suppose that the present pressure on-the people _ofv Ireland was but a slight pressure ; yet the . magnitude ofthe evil and danger awaiting that ; country .. did _ not seem

      to have come sufficiently home to the minds of some persons . The reports presented to government not merely shadowed forth a probability of future _calamitousLresults , but forewarned them . of a state of things the ? ftost"distressing and appalling . "In theTeport of Messrs . Lindley and Playfair , dated 20 th January , it was stated , "that of thirty-two counties in Ireland , not one has escaped failure in thepotatoe crop ; of 130 Poor Law unions not one is exempt *; of 2 , 058 electoral divisions , above 1-400 are certainly reported as having suffered ; and we have no certainty , until the riceipt ofthe more . minute -returns now in progress of completion , that the remaining _S 00 have altoge ther escaped . " For those persons who were connected with Ireland this matter opened ahticipatiehg

      of evil without example ; ( Hearrheaiv ) Ihe _^ had to deal with distress in the thirty-two counties of Ireland at the beginning of the year , and the want of food in that country would be followed by fever and . other calamities . The noble lord proceeded to advocate extensive public works , and a different distribution of the sunt annually granted tothe constabulary fund as " the most immediate and effectual mode of meeting these great evils . By a different appropriation of the * . £ 190 , 000 a-year , from the payment of whicli it was proposed to relieve the counties in respect to the constabulary force , a new epoch of civilisation' and improvement might be commenced in Ireland , by applying tho money to the -purpose of opening new lines of communication , assisting the

      drainage ot the country , and making all those local improvements to which the noble lord opposite had alluded . This sum thus annually applied would call forth funds _from-other-partie ? , either public bodies or others who were locally interested , and the sum applicable to the purposes he had specified might be found augmented to perhaps £ 400 , 000 . They might depend on it that the spade , the mattock , the theodolite , and the civil engineer would do more for the peace of Ireland than any other measures . .. The Dnke of _Welunoton " said the proposition of the noble lord , with reference to the constabulary fund , was under consideration _.,. ' Lord Clifford approved of the , bill , and the principle of giving relief , by . the prosecution of public works .

      The Earl of Devon , after referring the report of the Irish commission on the subject of constabulary force , said he thought it was mast advisable _^ afford grants of money , not . only for the prosecution of pubiie works properly so called , but also in aid , of those works which he considered of still more importance —namely , those which tended to prohiote the agricultural improvement of the country . 'He belioved that if such improvements were carried out to a considerable extent , they would not only tend to relieve the existing distress , but would lay the foundation of an increased amount of produce from the fertile soil of Ireland , which , ' in his opinion , would be the best safeguard against the recurrence of such a calamity as was now impending over that country .

      The Earl of Roden said , as a resident landlord in Ireland , he felt much indebted to her Majesty ' s government for the propositions contained in the bill now before the house . "He had listened with sincere _gratification to ' the observations of the noble lord opposite ( Lord Monteagle ); but he had heard with regret the noble lord's gloomy anticipations as to the apprehended famine in Ireland . ' He was sure that the statements of the noble lord as . to that part of the country with which he ( Lord Monteagle ) was acquainted were correct ; but he was sure , also , their lordships would be happy to hear that in the north of Ireland , in which he ( the ' Earl ; of Roden ) resided , although there might be individual cases of distress , that distress did hot exist to anything like' the extent to which it prevailed in the- districts to which

      his'noble friend had referred . As to the constabulary force , he thought its management was too much in _tWUattds of the , government , and this caused dissatisfaction among" the local " magistracy , many of whom declined to act in consequence . Tho Marquis of Lansdowne * did not wish to pronounce a hasty opinion on this subject ; -but he considered that the suggestion of his noble friend , that an amount of money should bo annually expended in promoting the extension of public works in Ireland , was far preferable to the relief of theoountry _ftom the expense of supporting the police . ' ' Lord Ooitenham objected to the bill , as diminishing the security ' of parties who had advanced money for private improvements , and' who might , in consequence of the . operation- of . certain I clauses , find themselves in the position of secandahstead of first mortgagees .

      The Earl of _MouxtcasheI said , that as a ' Poor Law guardian himself , * " he could declare that the noble baron ( Lord Monteagle ) had not exaggerated the atateof distress of the people in the south of Ireland . Great anxiety had been shown to pvovide _' employment for the people , " but iii his opinion the works were not brought forward in sufficient time to be of any ' advantage . "In his own'neighbourhood the price ot ' . provisions had risen extremely high , and this month were sold at the _pricjis of June and July , and in the course of a month move he was told there would be no potatoes-to be lad at any price whatever . He was residing in a part of Ireland tbat was unusually tranquil ; but in the last ten days or a fortnight very unpleasant symptoms had been manifested —armed parties appeared parading in the noonday , and several murders had been committed ; and lie was sure that they would see more serious things still before long . . \ . ¦ . _¦ : ' _- , .. ' ,,

      Alter a few words from \ Lord Campbell , on the point mooted by Lord Cottenliam ,-and from Earl St . Germains in reply , to the e'fiettthat no new principle , as to securities , had been introduced into this measure , ¦ .. The bill was read a second time , and ordered to be committed on Friday next . " , Their lordships then adjourned _.

      HOUSE OF COMMONS-Moxdav , Feb . 9 . The interest excited by the expected discussion on the government measures was nearly as intense yesterday as on the evening when Sir . R . Peel opened them to the house . The strangers' -gallery was opened long before the Speaker ' s arrival , and was densely thronged in a few minutes . The body ofthe house was more numerously attended by members than is usual at tho sittings of tho house at this period ofthe session . What gave the house an unusual air of business and bustle was the fact that

      on the floor and on the scats near thc members were piles of petitions , some of them of no slight dimensions , the greater portion of which had , no doubt reference-to the important question ofthe evening . ' Tlie Speaker took the chair at the usual hour ; Immediately after which Lord Morpeth appeared at the bar to take the oaths and . his seat for the West Riding of Yorkshire .. The noble lord ( who . was receivetl with loud cheers by the Opposition as he approached ! was accompanied to the table by Mr . Byng and Lord John Russell . * ¦ .

      Mr . _Macartliy also came to the table te take Hip oaths and his seat for the city of Cork , in th * rnn ™ „ f Mr . Serjeant Stack Murphy ? , The h _« _mK accompanied to . the table by Mr . O'Connell PROTECriON AGAINST FOREIGN COMPE

      _^ - . TITION . o nal _m _« f _^ _Fpeiited a petition , signed by 2 , 700 inhabitants of the town and county of Leicester , including a large proportiori of the _manufacturet-s in that vicinity . They stated that hey viewed with much alarm the measure proposed by the government ; that the manufacturers did not require such protection as proposed to them ; and that n times of distress the owners of-the land were the besttnends ot the manufacturers , whose wages had become reduced iu consequence ofthe competition with manufacturers abroad . _ A great number of petitions for the total repeal of the , Lorn Laws , and in favour of protection to _agriculture , were presented . . •• _- ¦ , ¦ _-. a

      _ Lord _Morpetii rose to present a petition from the tovenot Leeds , signed by 1 \> , 000 persons , ' -and another petition from Bradford , ' signed by i 14 . 000 persons : also from Wakefield , Halifax , Huddersfield , Barnsley Rotherham , and other ' towiis in the West Riding of orkslure , to the extent of 103 petitions , all of which he beheved , without exception , expressed themselves strongly m favour of the proposals of the right hon . gentleman a the head of the government , except so far as they all ? urged . the immcdiat ©; abolition ofthe Lorn Laws . On Ihe motion that the petitions do lie on "tie table , . Mr . _FsRnASD rose , and said—I should like , to learn from the noble lord whether the' signatures to these petitions' are the free aiid _unbiased acts ' of the parties concerned ? . Because I am prepared to prove that the working men in the different iiicloriesiu the "West Riding of Yorkshire are obliged to go into the countin » -houses of the different manufacturersf Order ! " ) .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 14, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns4_14021846/page/6/