Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 31st March 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3, * Sentence for life to he reckoned at tw...

Page 3
Page 3
3 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (4)
    • pmn> lBfjftrn.
    • 3$tt)tfto$
    • <$\Mic &rotts*mro&.
    • i
  • Text (17)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Ceased Immediatel Vi Pmn> March 31, 1840...

      ceased immediatel vi March 31 , 1840 . - ¦ THE NORTHERN STAR . ' — — " " 3

      Pmn≫ Lbfjftrn.

      pmn > _lBfjftrn .

      Ode To Human Sejd. (Bydodslbt. Extracted...

      ODE TO HUMAN SEJD . ( _ByDoDSLBT . Extracted from " i _^ - mtfor the swinish 2 adtitude . " ) Is there , or do the Schoolmen dream ? is there on earth , a power supreme , Tbe Delegate or HeaTen _f To-whom an _uncontroll'd wmmand , In ev ' ry realm , o ' er seas and land , By special grace is given ?

      Tien say what si gns tMs God proclaim 9 Dwells he amidst the diamond flame A throne his _hallowM shrine ? ' Alas ! the pomp , the arm'darray , » ant , fear , and impotence betray _. Strange proofs of power divine ! If service due from human kind , To men in sloxbfci ; ease reclin'd , Can form a sovereign ' s claim , Hail Monarcbs ! ye whom Heaven ordains , Our toils unshar'd—to share our gains , Ib idiots bund and lame !

      Superior virtue , wisdom , might , Create and mark the ruler ' s right , So beasox must eonclude-7-Then thine it is to whom belong , The wise , the virtuous , and the strong , ThBICE 3 ACRES _JICLTTrCDE . In thee vast all ! are these contain'd , For these are those , thy parts _ordain'd , So 3 _Tature _' s _^ y _ stems roll : The sceptre ' s thine , if such there be , If none there is—then thou art bkee , Great monarch ! _miohtt whole !

      Let the proud _tyrant rest his cause On faith , prescription , force , or laws , An host ' s or senate s voice , His voice affirms thy stronger due , "Who for the many made the few , . And gave the species choice . _TTnsanctify'd by thy command , _XJnown'd by thee , the _sceptre'd hand The trembling slave may bind ; Hut loose from _Nature ' s moral ties , The oath by force impos'd , belies The unassenting mind .

      _Tnx will s thy rule—thy good its end ; You punish only to defend , What parent Nature gave ; And he who dare her gifts invade , ByXatures ' s oldest law is made , Thy victim or thy Blave . Thus reason sounds the just decree , On universal liberty , _Uot private rights _resign'd : Through various _Nature ' s wide _exteut , Xo rnivATE beings e ' er were meant , To hurt the _gen ' rai _, kind . Avails it thee , if oxb devours , Or lesseb spoilers share his powers , "While boib thy claim oppose ? Monsters who worethy sully d crown , Tyrants who pull'd those monsters down , Alike to thee were foes .

      Par other shone fair Freedom ' s hand , Jar other was the immortal stand , "When Hampden fought for thee : They snatch ' d from rapine ' s grief thy spoils , The fruits and prize of glorious toils , Of arts and industry . The foes , with fronts of brass , invade ; Thy friends afford a timid aid , And yield up half thy right ? 3 a _*' d . Lockb beams forth a mingled ray , Afraid to pour the flood of day , On man ' s too feeble sight . -0 ! shall the bovgla and buying tribe , Thc f laves who take and deal the bribe , A people's claims enjoy ! So India ' s murd _' rers hope to gain , The powers aud virtues of the slain . Of wretches they destroy .

      "" Avert it , Heav n I you love the brave , - " You hate the treach ' rotts tvUiing slave , " The self-devoted head ; " Xor shall an hireling ' s voice convey , " That sacred prize to lawless sway , " For which a nation hied . "

      3$Tt)Tfto$

      3 _$ _tt ) tfto $

      Unreformed Abuses In Church And State : ...

      UNREFORMED ABUSES IN CHURCH AND STATE : with a preliminary tractate on the Continental EeTolutioiis . By John "Wade . Although we but lightly esteem those " Reformers" who take to themselves the special title of * ' Financial , " and are just now bidding "tenmillions" for popular favour ; we nevertheless feel under some obligation to them for the good they are doing in overhauling and exposing the extravangances and extortions of our rulers . An enlightened " impatience of taxation" oh the part of the people is likel y to be one good result of the present movement . But a mere impatience of taxation will not

      bring "FmancialReform , " Mr . COBDEN may talk , Mr . Wade may write , and the Liverpool "Reformers" may print ton-loads of tracts , but all in vain so long as the tax-eaters can command a majority in both Houses of Parliament . Those who " imagine that because Free Trade bas been carried , " Financial Reform " " will also be carried in the Parliament as at present constituted , will , we predict , find themselves lamentably deceived . But from their disappointment good will flow . The " Financial , " will be driven into becoming Parliamentary Reformers . A veritable reform of the representation obtained , we snail have Financial Reform—and something more /

      This volume unveils a picture of oligarchical abuses perfectly revolting to look upon . Taxation , the Debt , the Civil List , the Crown Lands , the Colonies , the Church , the Army , Navy , and Ordnance are amongst thc subjects treated of in this volume . The author justly deserves praise for the extraordinary labour and ability he has brought to the work of comp iling this epitome of really useful knowledge . _TVe give the following extracts taken at random ; they will afford the reader a faint idea of the trul y interesting contents of this publication : —

      A XAVT WELL OFFICERED . For every linc-of-battle ship in commission there are three admirals , twelve captains , and fifty lieutenants . The committee on the navy estimates proposed that the number of admirals should be reduced from 150 to 101 ) . This was resisted by the Admiralty Secretary , who said that the captains looked forward to be admirals , and , of course , that it was necessary to keep up 150 to gratify them . -Just as if an extra number of judges , Lord Chancellors , or bishops , should be Kept ou full or halfpay , that barristers or clergymen may not be disappointed of promotion . In 1792 , there were only sixty-nine admirals , and now , after thirty-three years of peace , almost treble the number is thought desirable ; and by whom ? THK -WOODS _AXDFOKESTS .

      The revenue of the Woods and Forests arises from the sale of timber , wood , and bark , but small are the net proceeds that reach the public treasury . In 1847 , the income amounted to £ 44 , 245 , and the expenditure to £ 35 , S 39 , ( Par . Pap . No . 191 , _Sess . 1848 . ) In forty-four years to 1847 , the average net income received each year from the New Forest was £ 2 , _C 18 , or 9 d . an acre . Of this forest 20 , 000 acres lie waste , though good land , fit for the growth of timber ( Ileport p . 127 ) , and close on the London circuit of the General Post Office . From the extraordinary disbursements in metropolitan improvements , in palace building and alterations , and on objects of questionable or exaggerated utilitv , very

      little of the entire lauded revenues of the Crown is available for the public service . For the year ending January 5 , 1843 , the net income from the Crown lands was £ 77 , 000 ; from the small , brandies Of the hereditary revenues , £ 8 , 150 , making altofether £ 85 , 150 , the residue of about half-a-million aving vanished in transitu to the Exchequer , leaving a very reduced representative of the ancient patrimony of the Crovm set apart to defray the general expenses of our monarchical government . In the same vear the sum paid for the expenditure Of the Civil List was - £ 393 , 982 , bo that , in actual receipt , - the public has much the worst of the bargain with the Crown , receiving » small equivalent for the life annuitv settled on tbe Queen b y

      parliamentary contract . _FBOr . _UESS OF GOVERSMEXT EXTRAVAGANCE . "Without dwelling on trivialities , let us try to fix on general results , on tho comparative expenditure of the present and former reigns , and what may be saved bv approximating a little nearer to old times . During " the following reigns to the present , in time of peace , exclusive of interest on the debt , the government expenditure appears to have been as under : —

      GeorgeL about £ 2 , 583 , 000 - ( _JcorgelLabout 2 , 700 . 000 GeorgellL ( 1702 ) 7 , 670 , 000 George IV . ( 18231 _21-4 _^ 7- ' _™ "William IT . ( 1833 ) 15 , 884 , 049 Victoria ( _lsi *?) .... ' 24250 , 504 Urged lv the strong and reasonable demands of _jhe pe ople _^ tbe government made vigorous efforts _± o economise , and the expenditure under William _jV . was reduced neariv -six millions . These efforts

      Unreformed Abuses In Church And State : ...

      y popular gilance was with drawn , and each year the expenditure steadily increased . The present government has arrived at an unparalleled height of extravagance , the expenditure of 1848 exceeding that of 1835 by one-half . This enormous increase has resulted chiefly from the increase of military and naval expense , and far exceeds all precedent in time of peace . For illustration let us contrast the cost of the peace establishment before the last war , with that inflicted on us in the thirty-third year of peace , and the discrepancy is extraordinary . We subjoin the comparison : — Year 1792 . Tear 1848 . -army £ 2 , 330 , 349 £ 7 , 540 , 404 _£ _7 1 , 985 , 482 8 , 013 , 873 Ordnance 444 , 863 ...... 2 , 947 , 869 x . vi _.-x- £ 4 , 760 , 694 £ 18 , 502 , 146 _i- _iXUiDlting nearly a fourfold increase since 1792 . Our more extended forei gn possessions will partly account for the augmentation of forces , but , as respects the army , this defence cannot apply to the household troops , as thoy are never sent abroad in time of peace . Yet in this branch of the service the increase has been the greatest ; the rank and file of the four regiments of guards , and the dragoons , amounting , in 1792 , only to 14 , 212 men . For a Ml account of what we may call Mr . Wade ' s Budget , we must refer the reader to the volume . The following is a summary of tlie SUGGESTED KEDCCTIOKS OF EXPRNMTUBE . Interest of the funded debt , reduced onesixth £ 4 , 617 , 538 Civil list and royal household reduced ... 250 , 000 Annuities of the members of tho . royal - family reduced 79 , 000 Salaries of 25 , 000 placemen , £ 3 , 000 , 000 , reduced by a graduated scale , but making an aggregate saving of 1 , 000 , 000 Hereditary pensions on the revenue abolished .... 20 , 000 Parliamentary pensions for civil , military , naval , and judicial services ( Annual Finance Accounts for 1848 ) reduced one-third ' . 78 , 000 Diplomatic salaries and pensions reduced one-third 58 , 472 Army , navy , and ordnance , reduced to Btandard of 1830 5 , 214 , 374 Total of Reduction £ 11 , 317 , 384 We earnestl y recommend this volume to our readers ; being persuaded that its extensive circulation wiU do much to arouse the public to a sense of the necessity of a Radical Reform of Parliament—the only means of ensuring the sweeping away of the Unreformed Abuses in Church and Stale .

      Chartist Tracts For The Times. No. Iii.—...

      CHARTIST TRACTS FOR THE TIMES . No . III . _—Robberies of the landed Aristocracy . By the Kirkdale Chartist Prisoners . Published by J . Barker , Worfcley , near Leeds ; and Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row , London . Fboji No . II . of these valuable tracts we gave an extract in last Saturday ' s " Star . " No . ILL is decidedl y a still better pennyworth than either Nos . I . or II . We strongl y advise our Kirkdale friends to send copies to the exrWhig Chancellor : His appetite for vseful knowledge is well known ; and there can be no doubt that when he has read the following extract , " his lordship " will hasten to apprise our friends of his desire to have placed at the head of each tract : — "Under the patronage of Lord Brougham . "

      THE INFAMOUS _LASD-LORDS . The Duke of Sutherland , although possessed of large estates in England , claims the ownership of 1 , 100 , 000 acres ot land in Scotland . The number of inhabitants on that vast tract is estimated to be under six thousand . They are principally engaged in tending flocks of sheep , and herds of cattle , and live in miserable sheds called " _Boothies . " The power which thU Duke possesses , and abuses , is a fair index of the whole tribe of lordlings , and a bitter sarcasm on what is foolishly termed , " our constitutional rights . " We have shown in the previous number that those men have stripped tho throne of all . but the semblance of authority . Let

      us see how they exercise their own . It appears that his Grace I has a peculiar code of his own for the government of his serfs . According to his penal enactments , if any of bis retainers should have the temerity to enter the state of matrimony before they arrive at the age of thirty , they are unceremoniously ejected from hi 3 Grace ' s property and , should any compassionate relative dare to shelter the delinquent , they also are dismissed , and their miserable "boothie" levelled to the ground as a memento of then * heinous crime . Also , if a _younsr female should unfortunately swerve from the

      paths of virtue and become an unwedded mother , she is also placed under the ban of outlawry , and her parents subjected to the same penalty should they dare to afford her shelter . By such proceedings as this , his lordship has nearly depopulated that portion of Scotland which is cursed by his sway , in order to make more room for breeding cattle , which he no doubt believes to be the most profitable . The Dukes of Athol and Buccieugh have also furnished their quota towards disgusting the public with lordly domination , by endeavouring to wall in the face of nature from public view . Surely those men must calculate largely on tlie nation ' s endurance .

      The system of p lunder and murder carried on in London and all other large townsh y landlords , through the instrumentality of " groundrent , " "house-rent , " & c . < is admirably exposed in thistract . So alsoistherobberyofthe rig hts of the poor by " enclosure acts . " The mismanagementof the Crown Lands , and many other matters of vital import , are treated of in a manner that "he who runs may read ; " and reading , understand ; and understanding , resolve to reform the system altogether . The professed Chartist who has not yet made himself acquainted with these tracts , has neglected a duty , and passed by a treat of no ordinary kind . All who read this number cannot Ml to be impatient for No . IV .

      The Ethnological Journal. March. London ...

      The Ethnological Journal . March . London R . _Hardwicke , 14 , Clements-lane , Strand . Circumstances , which it is not necessary we should particularise , have prevented an earlier notice of this month ' s number of the Ethnolog ical Journal . We are gratified by observing that the friends aud supporters of this publication are ja . course of rendering the aid required by its present necessities . If the

      assistance , so well commenced , is furnished on a sufficiently extended scale , the editor will surmount all present difficulties , and be enabled to establish his magazine on a firm foundation ; " a consummation devoutly to be wished " by all interested in the progress of that great branch of knowledge comprised in the three important words— . " Man , know thvself !"

      Papers on " The orig in of some of the Berber Tribes of Nubia and Libya ; " " The Theories of Spontaneous Generation , and the Progressive Evolution of Species ; " and " The Mythological Interpretation of the History _, of Romulus , " will be found in the present number .

      The History Of Ireland. By T. Wiught, M....

      The History of Ireland . By T . Wiught , M . A ., F . S . A ., & c , & c . Fart 7 * London ; J . and F . Tallis , 100 , St . John-street . Tms part opens with " BookllL , " devoted to «* The Age of the Reformation . '' The earlier chapters of this " Book" are , however , principally occupied with the daring rebellion of " Silken Thomas , " son of the Earl of Kildare . The story is an exciting one , and , from the cominencement of the rebellion to the execution of the six Geraldraes , is well told . The tremendous act of excommunication against "Silken Thomas " and the murderers of Archbishop Allen , is a rich illustration of priestl y cursing In the " good old times . " ThiB part contains a beautiful steel engraving of the Death of Brian Born .

      Mr. Moxhay, Well Known As The Proprietor...

      Mr . MoxHAY , well known as the proprietor of the Hall of Commerce , died , a few days since , after a short illness , and which , according to the general belief , was occasioned , to a great extent , by the ill success of lus undertaking , which must have entailed severe loss upon him . Mr . Moxhay was of somewhat brusque manners , but of excellent intentions , and even beyond what his means mi ght be held to justify , according to wordl y appreciation , was a liberal contributor to various chanties , both from his purse , and in placing his splendid hall at tbe disposal of the committees who superintended the periodical meetings . A fine coat often covers au intolerable fool , but never conceals one .

      Mr. Moxhay, Well Known As The Proprietor...

      PIGS' MEAT FOR THE SWINISH MULTITUDE . " Some weeks ago we gave an account of the trial of Thomas Spence the Agrarian Reformer . _Iq the notice of his life whichaccompanied the report of his trial , we made allusion to a work published b y him entitled " Pigs Meat for the Swinish Multitude . " : Having tho loan of a volume of that publication ; which seems to consist almost entirely of " selected pieces , " we give the following extracts therefrom : —

      FBEEDOM OP SPEECH . ( From Cato ' e Letters . ) Without freedom of thought , there can be no such thing _aB wisdom ; and no such thing as public liberty , without freedom of speech : which is the right of every man , as far as by it he does n t hurt and control the right of another ; and this is the only check which it ought to suffer , the only bounds which it ought to know . This sacred privilege is so essential to free government that the security of property and the freedom of speech always go together ; and in those wretched countries where a man cannot call his tongue his own , he can scarce call anything else his own . Whoever would overthrow the liberty of the nation must begin by subduing the liberty of speech ; a tiling terrible to public traitors .

      This secret was so well known to the court ' of King Charles the First that his wicked ministry procured a proclamation to forbid the people to talk of parliaments , which those traitors had laid aside , To assert the undoubted ri ght of the subject , and defend his majesty ' s legal prerogative , was called disaffection , and punished as sedition . Nay , people were forbid to talk of religion in their families for the priests , too , had combined to cook up tyranny , and suppress truth and the law . While the late King James , when Duke of York , went avowedly to mass men were fined , imprisoned , and undone , for saying he was a papist : and that King Charles the Second might live more securely a papist , there was an act of parliament made declaring it treason to

      say that he was one . That meu ought to speak well of their governors is true , while tbeir governors deserve , to bo well spoken of ; but to do publie mischief without hearipg of it , is only the prerogative and felicity of tyranny : a free people will be showing that they are so by their freedom of speech . The administration of government is nothing else but the attendance of the trustees of the people upon the interest and affairs of the people . And as it is the part and business of the people , for whose sake alone all public matters are or ought to be transacted , to see whether they be well or ill transacted ; so it is the interest , anil ought to be tho ambition , of all honest magistrates to nave their deeds openly examined and publicly scanned _, - only tho

      wicked governors of men dread what is said of them . Freedom of speech is the great bulwark of liberty ; they prosper and die together ; and it is the terror of traitors and oppressors , and a barrier against them . It produces excellent writers , and encourages men of fine genius . Tacitus tells us , that the Roman commonwealth bred great and numerous anthors , who wrote with equal boldness aud eloquence ; but when it was enslaved , those great wits were no more . Tyranny had usurped the place of equality , which is the soul of liberty , and . destroyed p ublic courage . The minds of men , terrified by unjust power , degenerated into ah the vilenes 3 and methods of servitude ; ' abject sycophancy and blind submission grew the only means of preferment , and , indeed , of safety ; men durst not open their mouths but to flatter .

      Pliny , the younger , observes , that this dread of tyranny had such effect that the senate , the great Roman senate , became at last stupid and dumb . Hence , says he , our spirit and genius are stupified , broken , and sunk for ever . And in one of his epistles , speaking of the works of his uncle , he makes an apology for ei ht , of them , as not written with the same vigour which was to be found in the rest , for that these ei g ht were written in the reign of _JSevo , when the _spn-it of writing was cramped with fear .

      I have long thought that the world are very much mistaken in their ideas and distinction of libels . It has been hitherto generally understood that there are no other libels but _tboso against magistrates , and those against private men ; now to me there seems to be a third sort of libels , full as destructive as any of the former can possibly be , I mean libels against the people . It was otherwise at Athens and Rome ; where , though particular men , arid even great men , were often treated with much freedom and severity when they deserved it , * yet the people , the body of the people , were spoken of with the utmost regard and reverence : the sacred privileges of the people , the inviolable majesty of the people , and the unappealable judgment of the people , were

      phrases common in those wise , great , and free cities . Other modes of speech are since grown fashionable , and popular madness is now almost proverbial ; but this madness of theirs , whenever it happens , is dorived from external causes . Oppression , they say , will make a wise man mad ; and delusion has not less force ; but where there are neither oppression nor impostors , the judgment of the people in the business of property , the preservation ot which is the principal business of government , does rarely err . Perhaps they aro destitute of grimace , mystery , reserve , and other accomplishments of courtiers _; but a 9 those are only masks to conceal the absence of honesty and sense , the people , who possess as they do the substance , have reason to despise such insipid and contemptible shadows .

      "HEY ! FOR THE LIFE OF A SOLDIER . " BY VOLTAIBE . " You must drink the King of Bulgaria ' s health , " said thc soldiers , " he is the best of kings . " " Most willingly , " replied Candide , and drank . " Now you are a brave fellow , " said they , " you are become his support , his defender , one of the heroes of Bulgaria ; your fortune is made , your fame eternal . " They then put handcuffs on his wrists , and conducted him to the regiment . There they made him turn to the right , wheel to the left , shoulder his musket , rest upon his arms , present , fire , march and countermarch ; in return for which the drill serjeant gave him some thirty strokes with the cane . The next day he performed his exercise better , and received only twenty . On the morrow they gave him but ten , and all his comrades regarded him as a prodigy of genius .

      The astonished Candide could not conceive by what enchantment he had become a hero . One pleasant morning in spring , when the birds were singing , and the trees Beginning to bloom , he thought proper to take a walk . Proceeding in a right line , and supposing it was the privilege of the human species , like other animals , to make use of their legs , he had not gone above . two leagues , before six other heroes , each of six feet high , overtook him , bound him , and threw him into a dungeon . He was juridically asked , whether he preferred being thirty-six times flogged through the regiment , or to suffer twelve balls to pass through his brains ? In vain did he assert the freedom , of tho will , and affirm , that he preferred neither the one nor the other : choose he must , and , in virtue of that gift of God , which is called liberty , he concluded in favour of flogging . He was twice brought to the halberds , where he each time received live

      hundred lashes , which flayed him from the hips to the nape of the neck , and laid the _muselea and nerves all bare . As they were proceeding to the third course , Candide , unable to endure more , requested for God ' s sake , they would have the goodness to blow out his brains . His petition was _ favourably received ; but , as he was kneeling blindfold , the King of the Bulgarians happened to come to the parade , and inquired concerning his crime . As this king was a man of great genius , ho comprehended , from the story they told him , that Candide was a young metaphysician , ignorant of the world , and he granted his pardon ; which clemency h . i been and will he recorded in every newspaper , every history , and every age . A skilful surgeon in three weeks cured Candide by use of the emollients which _Dioscorides prescribes . The skin again began to cover his back , and he was able to march , when the King of the Bulgarians gave battle to the King of the Abarian 8 .

      Nothing could be so charming , so dazzling , so well disciplined , so well appointed as the two armies . The trumpets , drums , hautboys , fifes , and cannon formed a concert ot such harmony as Hell itself never equalled . To begin , the artillery laid low about six thousand men on each aide . The musketry next despatched between nine and ten thousand knaves , who infested the surface of this best of possible worlds ; and the bayonet in its turn , was the adequate cause of the death of as many more . The whole amount was at-least thirty thousand souls . Candide , who trembled like a philosopher , hid himself as well as he could during this heroic butchery . At length ; while the two kings ordered Te Beam to be sung in their two camps , he _thous-ht proper to depart and reason elsewhere on _caus-fs and effects . He passed over mountains of

      the dying and the dead . The first village he camo to _belonged to the Abarians ; it was reeking with smoke _Saving _»™* burnt by the Bulgarians , _according to the laws of nations . Here stood old men maimcci bv the enemy , gazing on their murdered wives with their dead children extended on their bleeding bosoms . There lay virgins with _^ their wombs ripped ouen , after having appeased the natural appetites of certain heroes , giving up the ghost . Others , half roasted , called aloud tor some one to come and dispatch them entirely . Here the brains of men were scattered , here their arms , here their legs , and here their mangled trunks . Candide fled with all his might to another village , that _belonged to the Bulgarians which the heroes of Abaria had treated in much the same manner At _length , inarching over _hwbs still trembling , hearts

      Mr. Moxhay, Well Known As The Proprietor...

      still palpitating and fires yet unextinguished , he luckily _escapecTfrom the theatre of war and % W . THE "HIGHER ORDERS" AND "SUPERIOR

      CLASSES . " ( From the Works of Dean Sunft . ) 1 _S _^ vW " _! _^ _* uire ' " * Particular man _TM « _lii m h . Sreat numbers had procured to themselves huh titles of honour , and prodigious estates ; and I confined hiy inquiry to a very modern period . However , without _ratine upon present times , because I would be snrotd give no offence ,.- even to forei gners ( for I hope the reader need not be told that I do not in the least intend my own country in what ; I say upon this occasion , ) and a great number of persons were called up , and , upon a very slight examination , discovered such a scene of infamy that I cannot reflect upon it without some seriousness . Perjury , oppression subornation

      , , fraud , _panderism , and the liko infirmities , were amongst the most excusable arts they had to maintain , and for these I gave , as it was reasonable , great allowance . But when some confessed they owed their greatness and wealth to theprostitutinff of their _owni wives and daughters ; others to the betraying ot their country , or their prince ; some to poisoning , more to the pervert _i ng of justice , in order to destroy the innocent ; I hope I may be pardoned if these ; discoveries inclined me a little to abate of that profound veneration which I am naturally apt to pay to persons of high rank , who ought to be treated with the utmost respect , due to their sublime dignity , by _«« their inferiors .

      , Sunsnine And Shadow; A Tale Of ¦ The N...

      _, SUNSniNE AND SHADOW ; A TALE OF ¦ THE NINETEENTH CENTURY . Br THOMAS MARTIN * WIIBELER , Late Secretary to the National Charter Association and National Land Company .

      TO FBAlfoUB O CONNO R , E 8 Q ., M . P . FOK NOTTINOUAM . Respected . ; Sir , — In dedicating this humble effort to . you , I am actuated by no sycophantic motive * words of mine can neither make nor mar your fame—Time , the great arbiter , will do ample justice to both the Chartist party and their acknowledged leader . The fiction department of literature has hitherto been neglected by the scribes of our body , and the opponents of our princi ples have _bfen allowed to wield the power ofiiuagmation over the youth of our party , without any effort on our ipart to occupy this wide and fruitful plain _. Would that some of the many talented minds acknowledging our tenets , would achieve that supremacy iii the novel which Thomas Cooper has done in the epic . To stimulate them to the effort , is the object of this attempt on the part of your brother Chartist , Thomas Martin Wheeler . O'Copnorville , March 24 th , 1849 .

      Chambr I . Fair truth shall he my theme . Let others soar To realms of fancy , seeking fictions wild * . AthWart my page , fair truth alone shall pour Her _£ havm : —a charm not always tame and mild—E ' en . fiction never _pleas'd unless it bore The impress of truth : no heart was long beguil'd To feci despite stern reason . For , in sooth , _Fiction ' s best dress is still the garb of truth . "Beste .

      On _alfine day , in the year 1831 , at the door of a brick building , bearing the lofty title of College House Academy , situate in the suburbs of London , stood a ' stage coach waiting to convey the emancipated boys to their respective homes in the great metropolis . Crack goes the coachman ' s . whip , loud huzzas from the joyous boys startle even the welltrained ; horses , and tho coach speeds on its way . Quietly smiled the quaint old schoolmaster , pleased at the prospect of a month's release from the drudgery of the then system of scholastic tuition . Cheerful looked his buxom wife , the very pattern of domestic housewifery . Well know she how to expend inl the most thrifty manner the five guineas per _quarter received with each boarder , so as to add

      each vacation a few more guineas to their , scanty hoard , * land ¦ how she , too , is released from tho routine of duty , and the pleasure it gives is truthfully reflected in her countenance . Peace be with you , ye now ancient pair , may the cares of life fall mildly on you , and though the sunshine of existence ia to you for ever past , may its shadows be devoid of glooip or danger . Loud and cheerful were these boy passengers , life waS j to them a garden of pleasant flowers ; true , they escaped not an occasional sting from the wasps of existence , hut the venom was soon extracted , and the evening ' s shadow was always forgotten in the morning ' s sunshine . Oh ! who does not look back

      with delight on his boyish days , when life was . all _enchantment ; when , let tho kalcidescope be ever so varied , its colours were always bright , and each new combination more pleasing than the last . Time ! what boyish dreams of fairy land hast thou destroyed—what rosy bowers turned to dungeon cells—what placid streams and gay trimmed barks have proved , alas ! a treacherous ocean fraught with constant wrecks ; th y smiling meads have been , indeed , an arid desert , without even the mirage of enchantment , to recall the blest waters of the past , _* thc _materials of thc kaleidescopc arc still there , hut the enchanted glass is destroyed , and we have discovered that they were broken and valueless fragments .

      Loudly sound the joyous huzzas from our heroes on the coach ; they have reached their destination , the Flower Pot , in Bishopsgate-street , little reck they of these sombre thoughts . Experience will come too soon , let not foreknowledge anticipate its date . Joy atid hope ave still with them , and friends and relatives await their arrival . ( To be continued ) .

      &Lt;$\Mic &Rotts*Mro&.

      < _$ \ Mic _& rotts _* mro _& .

      Cnemorne Gardens.—These Grounds Have Alr...

      CnEMORNE Gardens . —These grounds have already been opened daily , for _promjenade , and three grand day arid ni ght fetes are . announced for Easter ; should the weather then prove propitious , Mr . Ellis will at once proceed with the accustomed musical and dramatic entertainments . The gardens , notwithstanding the early period of the season , present a pleasing appearance . . A number of new walks have been formed , and several rare and valuable exotics and plants added to the conservatories .

      RoYMi GB . Y- . rn * _SAlc-os , vm-noAD .- —This chaste and elegant theatre was , on Monday evening last , taken for a benefit in aid of the " Potters Joint Stock Society and Savings' Fund . " The performances were Aubor _' s opera of Masanicllo and tho farce of A _Mstal-en Story , concluding with the beautiful Scotcli ballot of Auld Robin Orcij . The pieces were cleverly put upon the stage , and thc characters well sustained by tho company . ADELrm . — Anew and ori ginal farce has been produced under the title of Who Lives at No 9 ? The story turns upon thc _prying curiosity of Mr . Deeply Dive ( Wright ) , ' an eccentric and remarkably silly gentleman , who lodges , with his wife ( Miss Ellen ; Chaplin ) , at a certain No . 9 , and happens to overhear some details of a love story , which has

      evident relation to a person residing in thc same house . Ho forthwith sets about a close examination of facts , with thcintention of finding out to which of his fellow-lodgers the tale refers , _crossqucstioninc _; the servants , the lodgers ' themselves , and even tlie visitors , whom ho stops in tho street , but without eliciting the desired information . The ral heroine of the mystery is his own wife , which , had Mr . Deeply . Dive been g iven to dive less deeply , he could hardly fail to have discovered at once . JIo is so thoroughly absorbed , however , with his profound research , that he overlooks facts which are close . under his eyes , and suspecting every party but

      the right one , becomes the bearer of a billet doux addressed to his wife by Uev former lover . The audience , almost from thc beginning , are acquainted with the absolute state of the case , but Dive is kept in darkness , until the fall of the curtnin behind him unexpectedly cuts short investigation , at a very critical moment . Out of this arises thc tag , an address to the audience in . which Mr . Wright comp lains of so sudden an interruption to his inquiries , absolving himself from all blame in the matter , when he is again arrested by the descent of another curtain , which hides him altogether from thc spectators . , This farco will be presented every nijrlituntil further notice .

      . Rotaij _PowtTEcnxio Institution . —Doctor Bachoffner has heen engaged in delivering a scries of lectures at this institution ! on astronomy , and elementary . chemistry . " The first subject is admirably adapted for this season of the year , combining as it does much useful information for the young folks . The popular style of the learned gentleman is particularly adapted for their information , indeed it is hiffhly attractive to all . Some very important _improvements have lately bCCIl dlSCUSSCtl by Mr . Beard , in the art of Photography , which are exhibited in the establishment , and the visitor will see the astonishing perfection to which the Daguerreotype is now brought . The Daguerreotype portraits ,

      although perfect Ukenessess , are always accompanied With a corpse-like hue , until the art of colouring invented by Mr . Bear . d jun . camo into use , which now gives perfect life , to them . By a recent improvement in tlie preparation of thc plates , the natural expression of tho features—and , in fact , tlie hearing of the whole figure—is delineated with wonderful accuracy and effect . The minutest folds of whit *? drapery , which have always been found difficult to portray on the . plate in consequence of . the close approximation of tlie white—li ght to light and , indeed , of the minutest and most intricate p atterns of any fabric , whether silk , cloth , or satin , and of _a"y colour or shade , —are brought out and exhibited to perfection .

      The Shiuixu Corn Duty.—About £10,000 Has...

      The Shiuixu Corn Duty . —About £ 10 , 000 has been paid in this port upon foreign corn and breadstuffs _, entered for consumption at the nominal duty _ofls . per quarter . —Liverpool Courier .

      The Shiuixu Corn Duty.—About £10,000 Has...

      NOTICE TO PRISONERS _L'NDEIt _SENTENCE OF TRANSPORT ** VTIOW , ( From the Daily New . ) Under this head a printed _notiilcatiMt has heen recently issued by government , vhicf ! , as- it exhibits in a clear and connected maimer the'present system of transportation punishment , as applied to various classes of convicts , we give it at length _. It is in contemplation to place tho whffle of _tue'systcm under the superintendence of some experienced officer , who will , in all probability , be directly responsible to the Secretary of State , for the Hwae Department .: — vMale convicts under sentence of _transportation will , in ordinary cases , be subjected to three periods of discipline , before they serve out the term of their sentence or obtain a conditional pardon in the colony to which they may be sent .

      _1 . The first period will be spent in separate confinement . 2 . The second period will be passed at hard labour on public works , under strict discipline , for a period proportioned to the sentences . w Jnn _*!! _"' _^ ? eri Y be" P asscd with a ticket of leave m one of W Majesty ' s colonics . S _** PA 8 ATB CO . VFIJfEJIENr . The duration of the first period will in some measure he regulated by the character , conduct , and industry Of a prisoner , and his fitness for association with others . A prisoner may bo recommended on special grounds for removal from separate confinement at any period of his-imprisonment , but-in ordinary cases the following rule will be followed : — The maximum period to be passed in separate

      connnement will be eighteen months . Records will bo kept by the governor , chaplain , schoolmaster , and other officers , of the conduct and character of each prisoner undergoing this punishment ; monthly examin ations of these records will be made by tbe superior authorities of the prison ; who will grant to . deservmg . prisoners a good conduct badge , to be worn on their dress . Prisoners obtaining these badges and not forfeiting them by subsequent misconduct will be eligible to bevecommendedfovremoval from separate confinement at an earlier period than others . In case of the prisoners under sentence of transportation for onl y seven years , and who shall have obtained a certain number of badges , the authorities will be enabled to recommend tothe Secretary of State that they may be removed direct to _ a colony , with a ticket of leave instead of

      undergoing penal discipline upon works . NOTICE TO _raiSO . VEBS EMPLOYED OS PUBLIC WORKS . Prisoners having usuall y undergone separate confinement for a certain term will be required , before their removal from this country , to labour on public works , under strict discipline , for a period proportionate tO the term Of their Original sentence , utter which thoy will be sent to one of the British colonies . Prisoners who do not misconduct themselves will be eligible to be recommended to the Secretary-of State for tickets oflcave in . one of the colonies , on thc expiration of one-half of the term of their ori ginal sentences , according to the following scale , ( No . I , ) which has heen prepared with reference to the respective terms of transportation . 13 y obtaining special reports of good-conduct , they may entitle themselves to this indulgence at an earlier period , according to following scale _[~ So . 2 ) . '

      Scale No . 1 . ORDINARY . PERIODS OF DETENTION ON PUBLIC WORKS , rROrORTIOKEB TO THE TEBMS OP DIITKRENT

      SENTENCES . A prisoner sentenced To 7 years , for a period not less than 2 years . ¦ ¦ J 2 *< » 3 * I" »» » ¦ U „ _M ,, » 8 * „ ¦ Me * . - „ m . „ These periods , together with the previous term p assed in separate confinement , and the time occupied in thc voyage , are calculated to make up about half the period of sentence . ! It is , however , to b , _> clearly understood , that it is only in cases of" prisoners conducting themselves in a _satisfactory manner

      that any such remission , of their sentence can bo recommended . As a further encouragement , however , such prisoners as conduct themselves in an exemplary manner and who show , by their general demeanour and willing industry , that they havo profited by the instruction they have received , and are likely to become useful members of society when re leased from penal discipline , will be eligible to he specially recommended to the Secretary of State for a ticket of leave , at the expiration of one-half the period stated on the foregoing scale , or at any time between that and the ordinary term stated in tho scale Ko . 1 , viz .: Scale No . 2 .

      MINIMUM PERIOD OF DETENTION ON PUBLIC WORKS , APPLICABLE TO PRISONERS WHOSE CONDUCT IS

      EXEMPLARY . A prisoner sentenced To 7 years , for a period not less than I year . 10 „ „ _H „ 15 „ „ 3 years . 20 „ „ < ± „ Life „ 0 „ In order that every prisoner may be aware of his situation , and the effect which his conduct may have in diminishing or extending his period of probationary discipline , records ol his conduct , attainments , and industry , will be kept by the governor , chaplain , and other officers , which will bo examined monthly , or oftcner if required , and the results communicated to the prisoner . If a prisoner's conduct has been in all respects exemplary during the month , he will , alter tlie monthly report , be recommended to the visitors or

      other superior authority , for a badge to be worn on his dress , which , if not forfeited by subsequent misconduct , will afterwards enable thc visitors to recommend him for a remission of one month of the period o detention set forth in Scale No . 1 . Thus , a prisoner , under sentence for seven years , conducting himself in an exemplary manner for twelve months after his reception , would place him in a position to be specially recommended for twelve months' . remission of tlie period laid down in Scale _Ko . 1 , and might be brought forward for embarkation with a ticket of leave in the minimum period of twelve months , as laid down in Scale _Jfo . ' I . Or a prisoner under sentence for ten years conducting himself in an exemplary manner for eig hteen mouths , would place himself in a position to bo recommended for embarkation with a ticket of leave in the minimum period of eighteen months , as laid down in Scale No . 2 , instead of being detained three years and half as prescribed for ordinary cases in No . 1 .

      Prisoners entitled to a less number of badges , would be elig ible for recommendation at some intermediate period .

      TICKETS OP LEAVE . The holder of a ticket of leave will be required to remain within a certain district which will be prescribed by the governor of the colony , where he will have the means of working for wages ; but if he misconducted himself , or wilfully remain in idleness when employment can be obtained , he will bo liable to forfeit his ticket of leave , and to bo again subjected to penal discipline .. On the other hand , if he conducts himself well , he will be elig ible to be ' recommmnded by thc governor of the colony ( according to the regulations which from time to time may bo in force ) lor a conditional pardon ; but in ordinary cases none will be so recommended until they shall have repaid out of thoir wages a certain sum towards the expense of their conveyance to the colony . FAMILIES OF CONVICTS .

      Arrangements will be made by which assistance will be given towards defraying the expenses of the passage to the colony of the wives and famihC 3 of well conducted convicts , on the -, remainder of tho expenses being provided from private sources .

      * Sentence For Life To He Reckoned At Tw...

      * Sentence for life to he reckoned at twenty-four years . t The average term to be passed in separate confinemeut being assumed at twelve months , any greater or less period will he taken into account in determining the period of detention laid down in this scale . Note . —Thc indulgence ofa ticket oflcave on arrival at the colony maybe withheld if a prisoner misconducts himself on the voyage .

      Another Secession ' From The Established...

      Another Secession ' from the Established Chuuch .- —A Lancaster correspondent of the _Tafriofe writes : " The extraordinary ' Essay' of the Hon . and Rev . W . Baptist Noel , is effecting a great work ; Amon « st the friends of the State Church who have read the book , and on whose minds its contents have had a telling and practical influence , is the Rev ; John _Dodson , Vicar of Cockorham ; near Lancaster . Convinced by the facts it detail ? , and the arguments it supplies , of the . evil and unsenptural character of the present establishment , he has nobly imitated Mm cxamulo of Mr . Noel , and for ever

      abandoned'it . * Last Friday or . Saturday he sent in his resignation to the Bishop of the diocese , which was accepted ; and' in the afternoon of last Sabbath preached his farewell sermon to . a crowded congrc gation . In taking this step , Mr . Dodson has made many sacrifices ., lie has left a living worth _± to 0 a-yeav , and' g iven up a beautiful residence . But what is _worsen he has - ncur _'T 1 tho d . "P , _'fmi ? of manv witli whom he has before associated aud _.-co-Sted and forfeited , in all probability for ever , the socio y and friendship of many m respectable life with whom he stands intimately connected .

      C 4 . n Tnuv _PRANKLIS ' S EXPEDITION . _—fhe Gazette makes a curious announcement . Sir J . Boss has Sen _Sto say that he shall _vetuvn to England with one ship , arid leave the" Investigator . to prosecute the enterprise . . On this the Lords of tho Admiralty declare that , m the opinion of the " highest naval authorities , " the voyage would "be most perilous tothe ship remaining in thc ice * , " they have , therefore , ordered supplies to be despatched in pursuit of the " Investigator ; " and they offer a reward of £ 20 , 000 to any ship that shall hare renderedofficient assistance to Sir John Franklin .

      I

      i

      Ths,^ Link In The H Uman Chain V™™, / 1 ...

      _thS _, _^ link in the h uman chain _V _™™ , / 1 , _™ . . _- < - every women , and cbZ _^ T frZ lVt _^^ „ ' Of a Hawke or a BodneyTo the cwi ed _^ cll < l of the lady who humblctn hcSdf th * ! s , tu _' _'* _* B exalted _W the W _nsTlS $ ASZ _& greatest _perfection , it teaches that vioe and sloth may eat that bread which virtue and honesty may starve for , _aJterther had earned it . It teaches tho idle and _dissotote'to look up for that support which they are too proud to earn : it directs the minds of

      meu to an entire- _relianse- an the ruling powers of the ; State-who feeds the ravens of the royal aviary that , continually cry for bvead . It teaches them to imitate those saints on the Pension List who- are liko tho lily of tho field , they toil not , neither do thoy spin , and yet are arrayed like- Solomon IB all Ilia g lory . Jn fine , it teaches s lemn which , indeed . they might have learned from _Epictefus , that it is sometimes good not to- be _over-- _» irt _* . \ ous it showsthat , in proportion as our distress increases-, the munificence of the Crown , _incre-wea also ; in proportion as our clothes are- rent ,, the royal mantle iV extended over us . _—Curran ..

      Sojutruwo _Sorr . —A _Stafibrdshire farmer wen * along with his son to a tea party . A young _femalehappeued to bo there , with whom the father wished his son to become acquainted- . lie told him to go-; Z , , ? _P , _, he " WJmfc shaI 1 * _» y tail her , _farther ? asked his son . "Why say soft things to her Johnny . ' _Jolunv _** , wiih great simplicity , looked the lad y in the face , and said— « ' Mashed turntps , Miss . Coal . —Great Britain produces » nnuallv 31 , 500 , 00 (> tons of coal ' . Belgium , 4 , i ) 0 l ) fWZ ; Prance , 4 , W 1 , « _17-United grates , 4 , 400 , 000 ; Prussia , 3 , 500 , 000 ; Austria , 700 , 000 . The estimated value of the coals raised in Great Britain is £ 0 , 500 , 000 sterling ; while that of Belgium , France , and the United States is each about £ 5 , 500 , 000 . Hint to Pride . —The diadem of princes ( obsorvo * bfc . Prow ) , was copied from tlu > Met which topers , in tho early ages , used to wear round their templesto check the funics of wine . It was meant as an intimation to royalty not to suffer itself to he stupenod by the noxious incense of adulation .

      One of the house-surgeons at Guy ' s Hospital , London , at the present time , is a Syrian , named Said Assayd . A _SoMERSBTsiiiBi * Dull . —The ftith Chronicle tells us , truly enough , that "it is scarcely credited" that a person of respectable exterior presented himself at tlie Court of Quarter Sessions , held in a neighbouring county last week , as one of the jury , with a certificate from his medical - attendant , " stating that 1 m was ill iu bed , that he could not We his house , which certificate he presented to the chairman himself , amidst tho laughter of the whole court . When a young man steals a kiss from a Shropshire girl , she blushes like a " new blown _roai * " and says smartly , " You darsu't do that twice more . "

      Dancing , in _inis East . —Tho profession ofa dancer is common over all Asia , and practised chiefly by women . In social position and general repute they resemble the ballot-girls of Europe ; but wanting tho accessories of the stage , which has scarcely a . representative in Eastern lands , they never attain to the extravagant success of our _Tnglioiiis or _Elsslers . Their business is to attend at banquets and merrymakings of all sorts , and dance for the amusement of the company , being remunerated according to time , and receiving some gratuity from the richer or more liberal guests , _wlio . idmiVe and criticise thoir performance ; but no person of respectability would be seen to dance in those _coimtries , where a ball , therefore , is out of the

      question . Slow Bors . —Alfred tho Groat learned his alphabet at twelve years old—Moliere could barelv read or right at fourteen—Dr . Carter began his studies at nineteen—Valerianus learned to read at fifteen and Sir Isaac Newton , according to his own avowal , was inattentive to study , and ranked low in the school till the age of twelve . Work von the PiiesisTs . —According to Professor Adelung , there arc 3 , 004 known languages and dialects in tho world , of which 037 are Asiatic , 587 European , 276 African , and 1 , 604 American . What a Pussy Does . —In 183 » , 84 , 000 , 000 of letters were posted ; in 1 S 48 , 329 , 000 , 000 ! The Sailor Astonished . —A sailor attempted to kiss a lass ho met on shore . She bristled up and declared he had insulted her ; whereupon Jack exclaimed , " Well , that beats all ! I ' ve been to sea twenty years , and never knew a salute called an insult afore 1 "

      The Mohammedan Commandments . — There are six commandments in thc Mohammedan religion , viz .: —1 st . There is no Dietyhut God . —2 nd . There is no Prophet but Mohammed , lie is God ' s Apostle . —ord . To last during ltamadan every da v . —4 th . To pray and practise ablutions five times ' a day . —5 th . To apply two-and-a-half per cent , of then * property tothe poor . —6 th . To make a ' pilgrimage to Mokkeh and Mount Ararat . This religion is so general that it has nearly one-fifth of the whole population of the globe as its followers . Its most important duties are prayer , alms-giving , fastings , and pilgrimage . 'The hours of prayer are five : —1 st . At sunset . —2 nd . When the evening has closed and it is quite dark . —ord . At day-break , on the first faint appearance of light in tlie east . —4 th . At noon . —3 th . About mid-tiinc between noon and nightfall .

      At a crowded lecture tlie other evening , a youn ** lady , standing at tho door of the church , was ad _^ dressed by an honest Hibernian , who was in attendance on thc oeciision , with , "Imlade , miss , I should be glad to give you a sate , but the empty ones are all full 1 " A . _BRftvi : Man . —The inhabitants of Privcniunt being subdued and taken prisoners after a revolt , one of them being asked hy a Roman senator , who was for putting them all to death , which punishment he and his fellow-captives deserved 1 answered , with great intrepidity , " We deserve that punishment which is due to men who are jealous of their liberty , and think themselves worthy of it . " Phmtinus , " perceiving that his anawcv exasperated some of tlie senators , endeavoured to prevent the ill effect | of it , by putting a milder question to thc prisoner :

      "How would you behave , " says ho , "if Home should pardon you . " Our conduct , " replied the generous captive , " depends on yours . If the peace you grant bo an honourab / o ' one , you may depend on a constant fidelity on our parts ; it the terms of it he hard and dishonourable , lay no stress on our adherence to you . " Some of thc judges construed these words as menaces ; but the wiser part , finding in them a great deal of magnanimity , cried out that a nation whose only desire was liberty , and their only tear that of losing it , was worthy to become Roman . Accordingly , a decree passed in favour of the prisoners , and Privernum was declared a . munlcipium . Thus thc bold sincerity of one man saved his country , and gained it the privilege of bein g incorporated into thc Roman state .

      A hen belonging to a person named Maud , living in Wellington-street , Bingley , lately deposited its egg in a basin upon the table to the great astonishment of tho good woman of the house . At a meeting of the Thames Tunnel Company it was stated that the weekl y average of passengers through the tunuel was about 1 § , 000 : Tho tolls taken last year amounted to . £ " 1 , 700 8 s . 3 d . Frequenters of concerts who are in the habit of beating time with their foot , aro reminded that the stamp act was repealed many years ago . Amonffst the Leagues projected or established is one entitled " Tho Lutheran League , " the object of which is such a thorough reform in tho Church as will limit tlie _Aiviibisliop of Canterbury to £ 5 , 000 per annum , and give to the humblest curate £ 100 ,

      Education . —Plato , in several parts ot his writings , lays down this great principle , _*— " That the end of the education and instruction of youth , . ' 13 well as of government , is to make them better ; and that whosoever departs from this rule , how meritorious soever he may otherwise appear to be in reality , docs not deserve either thc esteem or the approbation ofthe public . " A Good Brewer . —A country vicar , giving his text out of Hebrews , pronounced'it , ] k-lrews , 10 and 1 * 2 , ( meaning the chapter and verse . ) An old toper , who sat half asleep under the . pulpit , thinking he talked of brewing so many bushels to the hogshead , said , "Egad , and not such bad liquor neither . " -

      A Philadelphia-paper describes a curious patchwork bed-quilt , made by a blind lady , and composed of 55 , 555 pieces . Agcsilaus , King of Sparta , being asked what ho thought most proper for boys to learn , answered — " What they ought to do when they come to be incu . '" _- Instinct of _Asimals— . The instinct of tho dog . the cat , and the rat , arc so well known , that one anecdote will suffice to illustrate the three . ¦ A terrier and a torn cat wore pursuing n large rat down the street , The rat was almost caught , when _itdodo-ed suddenly , and ran into a sausage shop . Tho cat and the dog stopped convulsively at the door ; mid , looking at tho _sausngos ; hung their heads , and slunk away terror-stricken .

      TllK _CaRD'SAIS' IlOKSt'S . — _lllO K 0 maIV government _has-nvadc a seizure of all the horses in tho "Apostolic stables , " ' for the use ofthe national artillery . Those of the absent Cardinals have since been pressed into military service , ami as all these animals are heavy boned , jet hla ' _.-k , lonfr-tailcd geldings , such as a London undertaker- would feel justly proud of , yen may imagine the sepulchral suggestions which , harnessed to so many tenpounders , they now present to the contemplative mind . They arc doomed to remain for thoir natural lives in thc service of Buliona , for pr ecaution has been taken to brand them all on both hind quarters with the eagle and fasees of tho _Itcpublie , thus incapacitating them ( in thc very _improbable ¦ event of Cardinals _aboundm _* npnin m th-.-r trcct-i . rf Kerne ) , from figuring in their old jog-trot _occupation ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 31, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_31031849/page/3/