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Northern Star (1837-1852), 30th June 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 4, VALUE OF THE LAND. An industrious man, w...

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  • Departments (3)
    • "NOTICE .
    • €o isone^voim^m
    • THE NORTHERN STAR -SATURDAY, JUNE SO, 1849.
  • Adverts (18)
  • Text (12)
  • Transcript

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      ' ' ' "—T""^V T He Self-Cratulation It I...

      v / " ' ¦' . : \ . . . .. ' ; . ' _,.. ; .. " ¦ . ¦ ...,, . _.- ¦ ¦ ¦ Juke _^ _W 4 0 . j ' : ¦ ,: ¦ _- _, ¦ : ;; _-.,, ! _THS'no ' ' _^ ' _^ - _^^^ i - _iiii-ir-F _ .- I - "" - ¦ - ¦¦¦ . ¦ , ¦ ¦ -- ¦ ¦¦ -

      Ad00408

      SHEFF 1 EIJ ) . THE ME _5 IBEES OF THE SHEFFIELD "iininch of the _"SanonaVti-md Company arc hereby informed , that tlie quarter * . * - meeting will be held ia tlie _SotocEiVTic _Tesipebasce Hoxed , 33 , Queen-stree-, on _TcesdaT _EvEStSG . Jolt 3 rd , 1 S 49 . Chair to be _takeu tx half-irast seven o ' clock . By -order of the GommiUce , _Heskte Bisxles , _Cbaift _^ r _, _! ,. - _ .-

      Ad00409

      TO BE SOLD OR LET , A FOUR-ACRE _ALLOTMEtf _2 \ » 02 _* v THE _IIOnFORB ESTATE , near _"Bwrnsept _fi _^ . The _adver-• fecr lias paid * C 5-ts . for liis share , * na £ 8416 s . bonus , and _Etands'twelfife _-qu the list for choice . * S 0 t _"bdng In a . _pcotion to 4 eZ * te himself on ( Ire land , he wonld pre fer selling to letting . | . _* _Theowij- » { Mr . Edward _Coral-inldnfe to be present at the asagmfeent of the alloteeents -o * Monday next , and ¦ Bill thcQ % _e prepared to treat * to ** 4 l » sale or letting .

      Ad00411

      OS _^ AtE , _SEVERAL FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP _SIIA"RESinthe _X * _i _; a 3 onia * iaKdCampanj-. A sacrifice -wiU be made , as the owners are about to eniigKltC . _A-rfy , for particulars , at Mr . Waterman ' s So . 79 , Great _"Leonard-street , Shoreditch , London . Letters , post paid with a postage _stan-p iasde _, * w 31 be attended to _immedietely . _^ _^ .

      Ad00412

      TO BE SOLD , AT LOWBAN-BS ( most delightfuUy situated ana faHy crapped ) , a TWO-ACRE "FAKM . _Application to be _xoade to the _Uirectors . ALSO , AT SXIG'S END _fflffly cropped ; , a _"POUR-ACBB _takji . Applicatiou to be made to the _Uirectors , at their Office , Iii , High Holborn , lioudon .

      Ad00413

      TO BE SOLD , A FOUR-AGRE FARM , on the GEE AT DODFORD ESTATE , near Bromsgrove . All applications to be addressed to the Directors , at tlieir Office , -Hi , Uigk _4 Iolborn , Xonaon .

      Ad00414

      JO BE SOLD , TWO FOUR-ACRE PAID-UP SHARES for £ 2 3 s .-each , by parties who are going to emigrate _5 n a _iexr days . Api'licationf'to _be-madetoT . Almond , IKc"ldnsotfs-bmld "ings , _IIorseley- _* _-5 eId , Wolverhampton .

      Ad00416

      BLAIR'S GOUT AND RHEUMATIC PILLS . The acknowledged efficacv of BLAIR'S COUT AND RHEUMATIC PILLS , by the continued series of Testimonials which hare been scot to and published by ihe proprietor for nearly twenty years , has rendered this meffime the most popular ofthe present age ; and in _corxobonaion of which the foHowing extractof aletter , written "bj John Molard Wheeler , Esq ., Collector of Customs , Jamaica , having been handed by his brother , at Swindon , to Mr . Prout for publication , will My confirm . "I"know you have never had occasion to take Blair's Pills , but let me emphaticany tell you in mercy to any friend who may suffer -from gout , rheumatic gout , lumbago , ¦ _Briatfra , _rherimari' _^ n , or any branch oi that widely-allied ¦ Gannlv to recommend their using them , in -tills _countrj ihev are of wondei-fiil efficacy ; not Omy am I IFilSOSillT aware of their powers , but I see my friends and acquaintances receiring unfailing benefit from their use . I would sot be -withont them on any account If taken in the early stage of _oreeasetliey dissipate it altogether - if in a later , -they alleviate pain , ani * effect a much speedier cure than "b y any other means ivil" _**^ my knowledge . " ' _Soldby _ThomasPro-u , 229 , Strand , London ; and by his appointment liy

      Ad00420

      qiOOTH-ACHE PERMANENTLY JL CUIIED by uang _BRASDE'S E _^ _AMEIT , for iaKng decaying teeth , and rendering them sound and painless . Sold by Chemists evervwhere . Price Is . per packet . RECENT TESTIMONIAL . Sm , —Finding BRANDE'S _ENAiffiL so excellent for its purpose , I feci it my duty to recommend it to aUwhosnfler ¦ Rith the tooth-ache that 1 come m contact witli - therefore , yon will oblige hy sending a packet td itr . James "Williams Hohbins , St . Wedneshury . — -Your obedient servant , Tuo . has ifoLLARD— ll _' ednesday , 3 Iarch 33 , 1849 . CACTION . —The great success of this preparation lias induced numerous unskilful persons to produce spurious imitations , and to copy "Brande's Euanlel" Advertise--ments . It is needful , therefore , to guard against such impositions , by seeing the signature of John Willis accompanies each packet London : ilanufecturcd only by JOHN "WILLIS , 24 , East Temple Chambers , _"Wliitefriars , Fleet-street , removed from 4 , "BeH _' _s-bnHdings , _SaBsbnrj-sguare . Wholesale by all tlie large Afedicine Houses .

      So 1m0ue Pills, Nor Any Other Sledicine ...

      SO _1 M 0 UE PILLS , nor any other Sledicine for Indigestion _, " _^ regularity of the Intestines , Flatuleucy , Palpitation of the Heart , _Torj-idity of the Liver , persistfng Headaches , _Kervonsness , Biliousness , _GeueralDeUiliry , Despondency Spleen , Ac . Price 6 d ., or Sd . post-free , royal , gilt , 2 s ; or fiee "by post , 2 s . 6 a . ( in stamps ) , Fifth _Edition of DU BARRY'S POPULAR TREATISE OS IXDIGESTIOX and _COSSTITATION ; the main causes of _Nervousness , Biliousness , Scrofula , Liver Com--ol-nnts , Spleen , ie ., and tlieir _Badicid "Removal , entitled tlie "Natural "Regenerator of tlie Digestive Organs , " without ¦ pills , purgatives , or medicines of any kind , by a simple , pleasant , economical , and infallible means ¦ adapted to the general KKider . Du Barry and Co ., 73 , Xew Bond-street , London ; also , of _Tnuttaker < fc Co . ; and all other booksellers . Sent post-free atthe same " price to rrussia _.

      Ad00423

      DR . LOCOCK'S FEMALE WAFERS , Have no Taste of _MeScine , And are the . only remedy recommended to be taken by Ladies . _Th-g fortify thc Constitotion at aR periods of life , and in aR Nervous Atfeclious act like a charm . They remove Heaviness , Pati _^ ue on Slight Exertion ; , Palpitation of thelleart , Lowness of Spirits , "Weakness , and _allayjaun . Ihey create Appetite , and remove Indigestion , Heartburn . Wind , Head Aches , Giddiness , ic In Hystericai Diseases , a proper perseverance in tlie nse of this . Medicare will he fonud to effect a cure after all other means lia < J failed . ( "for _FnM Directions are given with every box . _JTote . —These _tTafers do not contain any Mineral , and -may be taken either dissolved in water or whole .

      Ad00415

      TI . _/ E CBEA _1-EST _rfilTlON EVEB rCBIiSHH _) . Pricelg . _Cd _., _^ A r . ew and elegant edition , with Steel Plate of the A « ttior , o'f _PAIHE'S POLITIGAL WORKS . _, " _No-KBeaay , ' » _NewEoitioTiof , Hb . _O'COHHOR'S WORK ON _SfflALL FARMS . THE UBOORER MAGAZINE . Vols . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , may still he had , neatly bound , price 2 s . 6 d . each No . 4 , the _Jfumber containing Me . _O'Conxoe ' s Treatise-on the National Land _Conipa-ny j " No . 10 , the one containing Ma . _O'Cbsson ' s Treatise " On the National Land and Lahour Bank connection with the Land Company : "Have lately been reprinted , and may be had on application , Price Gd . each . Imperfections of the ' La"bourer Magazine' may still "be 1 had at the Publishers . In a neat Yolume _, Price Is . 6 d . " The Evidence taken hy the Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into the National Land Company . " This Volume ought to he in the hands of every Member Oftfte Company , as it Strikingly illustrates the care and economy that have been practised in the management of the Funds of the Company , and proves , beyond contradic tion , the practicability of the Plan which the Company was established to carry out Just published , Nos . I ., II ., and XXX ., Price Sixpence Each , 01 ? THE COMMONWEALTH . Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternosterrow , London ; A . _Heywood , Oldham-street , Manchesterr and Love and Co ., 5 , _Selson-street , _Glnsgotr . And by aU Booksellers in Town and Country .

      Ad00417

      SOW BEADY WITH THE _MAGAZINES FOR 3 ULY , 2 fo . II . of THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , . and LITERATURE . Edited by G .. JULIAN HARNEY . _POSTEsrs : 1 _. The "Editor's Letter to the Working Classes . 2 . Letter to the Trades : The Land . 3 . Letter ffoitt Paris : Present Political Aspect and ¦ P rospects of France . 1 , Our Inheritance : The Land common Property . Letter IL 5 . Political and Historical-Review—Domestic and Foreign . 6 . Manifesto of tlie German Red Republicans . 7 . Monarchy . 8 . Speech of Armand Barbes . 9 . Literature : Milton ' s ProseWorks ; Humboldt ' s Cosmos ; JPtiMics jbr the People ; & e ., < fcc . _Fouar Paces ( in a coloured wrapper ) , Pbice

      Ad00418

      Published this day , price 4 d . THE SPIRIT ; or , A DREAM IN THE WOODLANDS . A Poem written during the panic of ' 47 and ' 48 . By WittUM Jones , Editor of tlie 2 nd and 3 rd editions of the "Chartist Hymn Book . " To which ave added , _"Sotes on the "View fbom _Knight-oh Hill , " the " _Opeskg <> *? the New Cemeteby , " < fcc ., Ac . London : 3 Chapman , -142 , Strand ; J . Ayre , High-street , Leicester ; and all otlier booksellers .

      Ad00419

      Just _Published , THE UNSOPHISTICATED AND INTERESTIS (} GENEALOGY OF QUEEN ALEXANDRIA VICTORIA , showing her descent from WiEtiAM ihe Bastaed _, Ddke of _NoaMASDY , _oKos the Fwaicn CoNQUE 3 lOIl OF Ekg _> _ioxd , with singular and remarkable anecdotes of hei ancestors . Bead , and remark , that you may understand , How Germans came to burthen English land ; But _ev'ry nation has at times a curse , _. And England thus has gone from bad to worse . Yet how descended , or by whom hegott ' n , & It matters not , when all are dead and rott _' n ; ' . ' , ' - "For all alike are _doom'd to meet the jjrave , * The MBg , the peasant , nobleman , and slave . Price , only Podepesce !!! To suit all classes , who may like to read , and wish to know . Published and sold by Henry Roberts , 31 , Petergate , York . Londen Agent : S . Y . Collins , _HolyweU-street _, Strand .

      Ad00421

      LONDON LIFE . Sow Publishing , Price Id . weeWv , and Is . quarterly parts , T ONDON LIFE ; OR , MIRROR OF J-i Mirth , Humour , and Facetia , containing all the racy movements of the present day : in short , embracing life in _allits varied phases and variety . "London Life" will be splendidly illustrated with ori ginal engravings , designed and executed by thc most eminent artists . Sent ( post free ) , 2 s . 2 d . per quarter . Printed and published b y Winn , nolywell-street , Strand , - and all Booksellers .

      Ad00422

      TO BE DISPOSED OF , A TWO-ACRE PAn ) -TJP SHARE in PA the National Land Company . For particulars apply to H . E ., No . 7 , York-square , ( corner of Henry-street , Commercial-road ); letters , post paid ,

      Ad00424

      ZAND , COTTAGES ASD VOTES . "THE LAST COTTAGE WITH FOUR - _* - ACRES of Land may be had . with immediate possession , at " _DiMin Hill , " twen _* * y-one miles from London , close to the Tillages of Chalfont St , Giles , and Chalfont St Peter , Bucks , aud within three miles ofthe market towns of Amersham and Beaconsfl _^ ld , and six of Chesham and Uxbridge . The title is first-rate ; the water abundant and delicious ; tlie roads capital ; and the country beautiful The nearest Railway Station , at present , is "ires ' Vrayton . " Tlie cottage consists of only two small rooms , with brick floors ; and tins , witli fifty feet frontage by 100 feet of

      Ad00425

      TO BE SOLD , And may be entered on immediately , AT _GASKELL'S TILLA , BARTON "MOSS , NEAR MANCHESTER , FIVE ACRES * 0 F LAND , all cropped , and in good cultivation , with excellent _. dwelling house attached . , - _ .. For terms and further particulars , apply to Mr . T . Smith , bookseller , ic , 189 , Great _Ancoats-street-Maachesteiv

      Ad00426

      ¦ fjRIPPLEGATE CHARTER A SSOCIA-\ J TION , 28 , Golden-lane ,. City . At a meeting held at the above place on Wednesday evening , Jane 27 th , it was ¦ _uaanimonsly resolved ( in consequence of Baron Kottischild having accepted the Chiltcni Hundreds , and a writ having been issued for . a representative for thc City ) : — ' * That a candidate professing Chartist principles be brought forward at the ensuing election . " The Committee earnestly request that all friends to the cause of Democracy , and cspecudly the members of the different localities , will meet the committee on Sunday evening next , at eight o'clock .

      "Notice .

      "NOTICE .

      A Notice Having Appeared In Last Week's ...

      A notice having appeared in last week ' s Star relative to the _National Co-operative Benefit Society , without our consent , wc being engaged iu going through the accounts merely for the satisfaction of the Directorsj we think the notice'Was uncalled for , ns we have not yet-made our * report' . ' James Gi ? jussbt , _Y' - - . .. _Wiiaiam Shdth , > ' Trustees . James Pkarce , j

      M The Cirx El-Eciios.—In Consequence Oft...

      _m The Cirx _El-eciios . —In consequence oftKci rejection ofthe Jewish Disabilities Bill by the . House of Lords , Baron Rothschild has accepted the Chiltern Hundreds . On Thursday morning a writ for the ejection was received , by the „ Sheriff , wlio . has appointed the nomination to take place on Monday next , and in the _. eyent of _aipoU . being demanded , the poll will be _openedthe following day . ¦¦' . The Fixancul _Refohm AssociAfios of St . Faileras haveaddiressedthrough their secretary ; to Sir B . HaU , a copy ofa resolution , passed at ' a ' meeting Of the . association , calling upon hini ; to _^ _resigh his seat in parliameht . "The hpn . _^ : baronet , in , his reply , states that he _^ ias represented the borough for more than eleven years ,- and during ; that time has always ; been at . the service of his ; . constituents ; he therefdre ' _obnsi-lers it unreasonable / when labouring under bodily sickness , " to which eyen . a member for _AJa-rylebone is subject , that he should be called upon to resign his seat , and he accordingly replies , "I have no hesitation in delating that I shall not accede I to 3 uch a proposition . "

      €O Isone^Voim^M

      € o isone _^ voim _^ m

      The Kireoa** .**: Cruimsr Paisosuas.—Joh...

      The Kireoa _** . _** : Cruimsr _Paisosuas . —John Arnott , secretary to the Victim Fund , begs to assure Mr . M . -W . Nor . man ; Ventnor , Isle of Wight ,, that the _oisxr wives and iaroilies of our friends in Kirkdale on the relief list of the London Committee besides those named , in his excellent letter— -White , West , Leach , and Donovan—are Messrs . Clarke , _Eaiildn , and _JI'Itoua' 1 , ' and that , tbey were ever looked on as " _uiob enthusiasts ; " or as "men who have have not an idea beyond their daily porridge , * ' he ( J . A . ) has yet to learn . . _- .. ¦¦ . - - ¦ -:..- ¦ .. The Bkadfobd Victims . — The Relief Committee acknowledges the receipt of 10 s . Gd . from Bingliiy . We have received an address from this body calling upon the Char _, tists of the West Hiding to do their duty by . forwarding

      funds for the relief of the -wives and families of the victims . The address states that tliere are from thirty to forty Chartists now-in prison , most of whom'havo families , and that , for want of funds , the committee have been unable to assist them for the last five weeks . —{ The above was in type last week , but was obliged to stand over for want of room . ] : J . Sweet acknowledges the receipt of the following sums for tlie Victim Fund ( sent herewith ) . :-r-Mr . Barker , ' ( id . ; a friend , 3 d . ; Mr . Chipindale , Cd ' - _^ For Mrs . Brnest Jones : —Mr . J . Lager , ( id . Mr . Tnos . Ormjesheb acknowledges flic receipt of tho following subscriptions for the Kirkdale prisoners : —Levensholme , per John Gaskcll . 2 s . ; Ilebdeii Bridge , per James Maun , 7 s . Sd . ; Bingley , per John Wild , 10 s . Cd . ,

      Value Of The Land. An Industrious Man, W...

      VALUE OF THE LAND . An industrious man , with an able son thirty years of age , commissions Mr .. O'CONNOR to offer 20 / . a year rent for a four-acre allotment , at Minster or 0 ' Connorville , and to transfer his title to 201 . a year , paid . _quai'terly , to whoever may feel inclined to ict . The person letting it to discharge , the demands "of / the Company , and to he discharged ironi his liabilities as tenant , And thus a man at Minster who has to refund 301 . Aid Money , and about 121 . rent , a total of 42 / ,, will receive 8 / .. a year , or twenty per cent ., —indeed it should be putdown as 8 / . a year for nothing , as he received the 301 ., and has had House , and Land rent free since he took possession . . All communications on the subject to be addressed "to the Land Office !

      The Northern Star -Saturday, June So, 1849.

      THE NORTHERN STAR -SATURDAY , JUNE SO , 1849 .

      The Land. "Tlie Folly Of The Day Is The ...

      THE LAND . "Tlie folly of the day is the wisdom of the morrow . " There is no premium so large , no consolation so cheering , as the conversion of enmity into friendship , and , especially , when that conversion is based upon growing _knowledge , rather than upon whimsical caprice , or personal feeling ; and there is no premium that could award to us the same amount of value that we derive from the able , the clever , and irrefutable article which we extract from last week ' s "Dispatch . "

      To us truth is stamped with its sterling value from whatever quarter it may come , and we receive it the more cheerfully when it does come from those who formerly stamped the same truths , when enunciated by us , as false theories and wild Utopias . The conversion of an individual opponent is of itself great consolation , but how much greater must be the consolation derived 'from the conversion of one who constitutes the dial by which thousands regulate their opinions . Our greatest difficulty has consisted in the ailbut impossibility of indoctrinating any , save

      the " fustian jackets , blistered hands , and unshorn chins , " with our views of political economy ; while it was in the power of those who were opposed to our principles , to create hosts of enemies , and marshal them into antagonism , not to our principles , but to the order to which we were attached , lest tlie confidence and _ attachment of that order should enable us to discipline the popular mind for that progress for which their own followers were not prepared . . ... The "Dispatch" writes for a different , and what is conventionally called a higher order of

      society , and , therefore , we the more rejoice at the infusion of knowledge into their heretofore bigoted brains . We pass over the lucubrations of Joshua _Hobsoit and others , which appeared in the columns of the " Weekly Dispatch , " and wc congratulate ourselves in having secured the co-operation of the great middle-class monitor ; while we may assertwith modesty—that we never did draw such a startling ; hut yet pleasing and true picture of progress , as that represented by the improved condition of the Middlesex gravel-pit occupant ! V

      Here we find an individual of bad and immoral character—the scape-goat of the village _—^ a besotted stone-cracker—compelled to borrow cabbage plants , peas , and other seedsmetamorphosing a lean pony into a fatted horse— -exchanging drunkenness for teetotalism , and transformed from a thief into an honest man , WHEN HE HAD SOMETHING TO PROTECT . We find this patchwork animal , in ten years , convertedby remuneration for industry—into a substantial solid farmer , with £ 300 capital ill the bank , with , of course , a sufficient quantity of stock of one kind or another to stock a small farm . _'*• . "'

      Is not this announcement a sufficient reproof to the several refractory occupants upon tho several estates of the Company , who were not floated upon a water-pool in the centre of a gravel-pit , and compelled to borrow cabbage plants , peas , and other seeds ? and is not the whole reasoning ofthe splendid , the lucid , and irrefutable article to which wo refer , the strongest justification for our continuous opposition to Free Trade , unaccompanied by those prudent and timely concessions whicli it was the duty of Government and landlords to make to the working classes , aud which it was the duty of Free Traders to contend for ? - , " ' /

      How ofteii have we published the fact , that during tho transition from Protection to Free Trade , and until . society was re-organised upon the latter principle , the labouring classes would be the first to suffer , then the shopkeepers , then tho , traders and manufacturers of every denomination ; and ; lastly , the landlords , who , by their political influence and the control of their , tenants ,, would , be the

      last to loosen tlieir grasp of monopoly . : And do we not recognise the foreshadowing of the gathering elements _. in the assertion , that whereas . it took the , Corn-law League ' seven years to marshal their forces for Free Trade , it has only required a month , and not the assistance of any ofthe old " STARS , ''to marshal a , more " powerful array of Financiairand Parliamentary Reformers . " "' . '¦¦" . ' "" . ' ; ' . _'' . .

      Let the writer , however , not delude himself with the false notion , that this _newarmy of Crusaders will be as-patient and as reliable upon the promised , benefits fromthe hew agitation , as the recruits in . the Free Trade ; army were . No ; the oft-deceived ' people will ; ' no longer rely upon distant means to accomplish the promised ends—they - will now reverse the proposition , and secure . a _^^ sufficient amount of those promised ends , - to secure the political means by which their full-hopes inaybi realised . ' ¦>•¦ _- . ' ¦ 5 - ..- " > _.- .: . ' ¦ ¦ •¦ - , . . _- ¦ ¦ - ¦¦ ¦ _- ¦ ; _:., v- ; -.:.

      Is there afsentence . or a word in the article to which werefer ,-as regards the present state of Eit 'ope- £ forei gn _policy-r-England _' s . position , or iinancial state and prospects-4 he embarassments of _f _Ministers-ethe , dislocation 6 f _; parties — -and the only , possible means of reVoi _^ _anising society—which we have not stereot yped and repeated to our _humbleheaders to i _' _surfeit land , however the Chancellor of the Exchequer may raisethe cheers of the . drones who live upon the honey of the bees , by -the announcement that corresponding ly , with an enormous increase of poor rates , his Exchequer is so ; full that no pensioned pauper need fear the nonpayment of his salary upon quarter-day . ' . - What is this but a boast of legalised ,, or , rather , privileged plunder ? Empty stomachs .

      The Land. "Tlie Folly Of The Day Is The ...

      naked backs , bare feet , bastiles filled to bursting , an over-stocked Liibour market ,. and a full Exchequer . Suppose such a contrast could be drawn from such an exposition , made by a financial minister in a foreigu country- * -- ' in a Republic for instance , how long would it take our _Monarchal rulers and their Pressgang to exhaust their denunciation of such a system . Let us now repeat our stereotyped definition of Free Trade . We showed the relative

      position of the foreign grower , or the importer of foreign corn , and the grower of home produce , thus : —There are two bag s of corn standing side by side in Mark-lane ; the buyer ' _opensthe English sack and out pops a little Crown , a Bishop's Mitre , a Parson ' s Surplice , an Admiral , a Naval Staff ; a Field Marshal and Military Staff , an Excise Officer , a Customhouse Officer , a Poor-rate Collector , a Pensioner , a Soldier , a Sailor , a Policeman , a Prime Minister and his ' Governmental Staff ,

      Land-TaxCollector , Highway-Rate Collector , and a host of idle paupers living upon unwilling-idle workmen . He opens the American sack , and out jumps a , little President , with _scai'ely any accompaniment : and how is it possible that the grower of this gilded grain can compete with the grower of the unadulterated corn ? Those who so enthusiastically agitated for Free Trade as a distinct and substantive

      measure , have now discovered that Protection was the keystone ofthe old social arch , upon which the social superstructure waserected ; and they have discovered the error of striking the centre instead Of commencing by lightening tho burthen it was to bear . They took no note of Peel ' s Currency Bill of 1819 ; they took , no note of our whole monetary system ; they took no note of foreign , progress and foreign competition ; their whole cry was "HIGH

      WAGES ; CHEAP BREAD , and PLENTY TO DO ; " and the gaping , hungry multitude , framed their opinions upon the promise of the big loaf placed upon the top of along pole . Some of their tables stated , confidently , tliat tlio price of braid would be reduced'from ninepence to sixpence per loaf , and that the landlords " would be ultimately compelled to make a commensurate reduction of rent to

      their tenants * we , _howevor , assured the people that cheap and dear were relative terms , and that the man out of employment or badly paid would find it more . difficult to purchase the large loaf for sixpence , than the man well employed and at remunerative wages would find it to purchase the same loaf for ninepence ; and we think that the increase of poor rates , the reduction of " wages , and the increased surplus in the Labour market , has fully borne

      out our assertion , and we will now submit such a table of rents , and reduction in the price of bread consequent upon ; not the reduction butthe remission of rent altogether , as regards the consumer ' s profit ; and we beg to call particular attention to the following table , based upon the presumed reduction inthe price of bread , from ninepence to sixpence a loaf , consequent upon the landlords' reduction of rent .

      Flour makes ; bread , wheat makes flour , land makes wheat , and Labour makes the land able to produce it . The average produce of an acre of wheat , is set down at three quarters . The rent of such land is roughly estimated at £ 1 an acre . Three quarters are twenty-four bushels . Eight bushels of wheat will grind into seven bushels of flour ; twentyfour bushels of ' wheat will grind into twentyone bushels of flour ; a bushel of flour will make eighteen quartern loaves ; twenty-one bushels of flour , or the produce of an acre of wheat will make 378 quartern loaves . Now ,

      378 halfpence is 15 s , 9 d M and 378 farthings is 7 s . 10 | d ., making 1 L 3 s . 7 _H-. or at three farthings a loaf for reduction , 3 s . 7 _| d . more than the whole rent ; or , if he reduces his rent from _H . an acre to 4 s . 3 d . an acre , it Avould make a reduction of one halfpenny in the quartern loaf ; or if he reduced his rent from 11 . an acre to 12 s . . l _| d . an acre , or over thirtyfive per cent ., it would reduce the price of the quartern loaf from ninepence to eightpence three farthings . But measure the reduction in the price of bread by the Free Trade Standard , at from ninepence to sixpence , and

      how does the matter stand \ Wh y thus—the acre lets for 1 ? ., tho produce ofthe acre makes 378 quartern loaves , and the reduction from ninepence to sixpence a loaf would amount to ' _-itf . lis . Gd ., or _SJ . 14 s . 8 d more than the whole rent . So that we would ask , how , iu the name of common sense , the consuming classes could have been so juggled by those who advocated Free Trade , under the simple delusion that all the corn-growing countries inthe world would send their produce here and take our manufactured goods instead of money , and that every rattle-box would be at

      work ; never understanding that cunning Jonathan would take gold instead of goods , and then come to the English market and buy English goods at a depreciated price with English gold , made more valuable in consequence of its scarcity . But , to return to the poor man's interest in Free Trade—that is , the man who cultivates his own land—it matters not to him three straws what tlie price ofthe amount of bread he grows for his own consumption is ; while the man who can make guano , or lime mixed with soil and well tunied , a substitute for dung , is a most egregious fool if he grows one single blade cf corn . It is labour lost , as tho

      worst crop of roots is more profitable and less exhausting than the very best crop of wheat , and is loss liable to failure , and still further can be turned into manure on the spot , by feeding pigs or cattle , both of which may be taken wholesale , to market . However , sinking the question of Free Trade and its results , and overlooking the probable consequences to the working man ofthe present agitation for Financial and Parliamentary Reform ,. should both be successful , we tender our cordial thanks to the " Weekly Dispatch , " for its able and comprehensive article ; wo commend itto the , perusal , of every working man , and present to the dissatisfied , the picture of . the

      MIDDLESEX GRAVEL-PIT FARMER , and say unto him , "Go , do thou likewise r " and' then there will not be a pauper ih . the land , when , in the words of the "Dispatch , ' ? , there is ; ... ' _-..- ¦ ., ' ¦ •;• "A SPADE IN EVERY . LABOURER'S fist . " ¦ ' . ; . '¦¦ " ¦ " ' ' . '• _¦' - ¦ ¦'"

      The Land. "Tlie Folly Of The Day Is The ...

      " _—T _""^ v t he _self-cratulation . It is _imcannotjoin _urthe sen g _™ . __ olitical garthp ossible that these f _^^ J / and have the _Quakes _should _^^ S _^ _Jhout a _symleadinrnation of the _^ J _^ _wiU never be pathetic shock . In fac _^ _Enropf _^ _Settled until England takes _^ _W _^ m the universal movement . ; -we »» __ io ourselves , or others wm reform us . Revo ntion we _tolo be inevitable . _'WJ _*^^ peaceful and constitutional , or _anrfial _* JJ rulers ih leading a march they _^ cannot stop , or tbeif folly _^ opposing ; a tide they cannot stem " Wg repeat it-thisls the epoch ot fundam _^ ntal principles . The anatomy of _^ ociety _wLon _ialnedtb its very fifth ' pair of nerves - . .. . _xr „ _-u'Vrrn . tulation .. It is im

      and its smallest veins and _cartilages . . M found it tobe necessary , and they did it . « The whole head is sore , and _the-wholelieart sick . " The eng ine doesn't work , and the engineers . take it to pieces to see whether it isthe large piston or the small pmion that is at fault . Socialism , Fourierism , Communism , Saint Simonianism , are disinterred , and set up before mankind as the serpent mthe wilderness , which is to be looked upon by the people , and to stay the plague . Men have become _^ at least convinced that there is a plague , That has taken fast hold of the masses of all European nations ,-from the French to the

      Austrian-Polish serfs , andfromthesebackagain the English people . We cannot much longer 20 0 U as we are , andif we could we are notinclined . Here are the Financial and Parliamentary Reformers started into power and influence literally at once . 'What it took the Anti-Corn Law League seven years to accomplish , has been done by their ¦ successors , ma month . 'They have found . a ready-made public . Large theatres crowded to the ceiling , without one of the old stars to draw a house . Will rulers . not . .. be , warned ? . What has brought these masses ' together but that every man and mother ' s son of them is in uneasy

      circumstances— anxious about to-morrow—discontented with to-da y—finding the world going back ' with them—corrob orated in their fears by the distempered faces of their . ' neighbours . This 1 b the stuff of which the special constables weremade who saved _thenation , when tho mercenaries ofthe Continent fell away from the side of authority .. How ( lorig _, arid ho \ y often can they be depended upon i-a . ; their present temper ? .. Six precious months have been trifled away in elaborate nothings , and -the solemn

      futilit y of making a demonstration of going for to go , and never going after all . Who will venture to . say that any real fundamental . work has been done ; Who will deny that our fate cries out and champions us to the utterance ? Crime , rates , poverty , debts , bankruptcy , insolvency , population , all overtaking us with g i g antic and g eometrical strides—and not a single attempt made : to get out of the way . The rural population are in a desperate condition . The town masses are without a home

      trade or country customers . The country is without the means of purchase . The farmers are wild and desperate , create the miseries they deplore , pay off their hands , and then say , " Behold the fruits of Free Trade . " We charge it against our rulers that they have not redeemed the time . "The winter is past — the summer ended —we are not saved . " We have outlived the

      oligarchical principle . The population have outgrown the practicability of its continuance . If the Land be not opened to the industry , and enterprise , and small savings of small men , we see only one result to the present movement . All the nations of Europe have been compelled to get rid of entail and primogeniture . We could endure these vile laws longer and with smaller peril , because our Colonies , our manufactures , our

      vast commerce ; enabled us better to boar up against their ruinous influences . But the confusion of Europe and the powerful competition ofthe United States driving us back on our own resources , have so aggravated the difficulties of our position that , without the immediate disengagement ofthe soil from the close grasp ofa pernicious monopoly , we can no longer find the means , of maintaining aud employing our annual increment of haif-a-million of mouths , and whole million of hands that must either

      be filled with work or will fill themselves of mischief . Let tlio people on tothe Land . There lies our salvation—politically , socially , That is the way to make , freeholders , independent electors . Dock entails , and let insolvent Ducal life-rciitors pay off their debts bythe sale of their estates , and . lire the . happier upon a residue they can call their own . Abolish Poor Rates as a local tax , and repeal the lawof settlement . Put a spade into tho peasant's fist , and tell him that his cottage and its surrounding five acres are his own ,-when he has worked the price out of them . It will take no great while . The wonders of small holdings accumulate upon us . We exposed the case of

      the fanner ' s poor hireling aud his hard-earned nine shillings—the patient drudge of another man . Here is its counterpart , or rather , its antithesis , in the person of tho man who is his own master , and labours for himself . The scene of this biography lies in Middlesex—not a dozen miles from Bow bell . The subject of it was . one of those parish nuisances who could not make up his mind to break road metal , and yet never got regular work He has a family , and took as much 6 eer as ever by hook or by crook he could come by . An eleemosynary worker , a sort of odd man in the village , careful men mentally laid at his door all undetected parochial peccadilloes . He cast his

      eyes upon the old worn-out gravel-pit of tbe village on the neighbouring heath . There , are two acres and a half of it with a large waterhole in the middle . It was of no use to . anybody . He olfered 12 s ., Gd . a-year for the whole , and was duly installed as tenant . He began his work in the spring , and got a loan of cabbage-plants , of peas , and seed potatoes . He . discovered the hidden riches of the waterhole . Load after load of fertilising mud he hauled out of the pond ; and wheeled upon the land . He worked with his spade early and late- _^ -wi fc and children helping . A starved pony and a truck carried his vegetables every , morning to . market . He was alwavs at it .

      Not a square inch was idle for an hour . The cabbages were taken up . at sunrise for - the market , and when he returned with the proceeds his famil y had alread y planted the vacant space with a * new crop . Even the waterholG , plantGd with _osiors , brought the custom of tho basket-makers .., The world throve ' with hun , and as ambition saw the way cleared , it stimulated self-respect . . He . became a teetotaler . The pony gave place to a horse . Be had crop enough to take to London / and broughtback manurein the return cart - _Fortdity and production increased , Ife --rot stronger ; and healthier as he couldaflbrd tobe better fed . . Ho worked : harder , earlier , later . He-devised now contrivances , and

      ventureupon more expensive crops , . until at last , in tenyear _^ occupati oii of two acres and : lial f ofau old ; gravel-pit , : wc find him master of £ 300 m hard cashln the bank _/ _respectedas a warm man and a stead y friend in the . villa _» o , : _y nall-Wr _^ secure as . a _^ enanfc ! _, _vHo has , he tls _^ will convert It into _a-rii-rW f - ,. ? ' _^ _M _^^ tLwill _nMmS _^ _S _^ - "

      • rom mc UnioH . ' _.-Wdi _* _hiii- » ° * _* _U- _-- _^ - _V J _** _'" _^ ve . ' : Set ; him on hisS _^ _v ground , and there is _nr _, _? gS ' his own England _^ _SK _^ S _^ ° _^ Aylesbury Valeor Ro _^ _viKr" _^

      "A Spade In Every Labourer's ; , ¦ ;.. •...

      "A SPADE IN EVERY LABOURER'S ; _, ¦ _; .. : ;; . _' . ; ,: ; ' . ' _^ PIST ; » ; -. ; _, ' v . " ;; .. ' _- _^; " " ( Fromthe " Weekl y Dispatch . ]?) . . _^ Until a House of Commons U a _Housq of Commons , - the nation . " can do no _^ iiing ' . ibr its own . government and salvation . ; _Could _. _iio ari _' arigement be made whereby the speeches mightbe _undei'stoodto have been made without actually _inflicting-tticir ' _tediousness upon the executive , or , _by-wliicli tlie talking , might go onto the galleries and reporters , while all the Bills'were perfected and passed by '' ' Cbnv mittee up-stairs ? " We honestl y confess to having a feeling of sympath y with Ministers Fe must do tlieni the . justice to believe that

      thoy do , hot . what they _^ woiild , but what thoy can . Itis among absolute . soverei gns that _^ the tt fost fundamental _changes are mauc . ' Prussia by one stroke of the pen , made all its leasehold farmers freeholders * on the spot . . ' Napoleon , in three words , abolished primogeniture . The Dictators of Spain , within a week after they attained . to power , _.. seiaed upon the huge _estates of the ' ehurch , and _bestoived them on the people . _^ Thir is . the ; year * : of" _ftmaamental princi ples . . Woe to England if she bo driven to them , _^ when she should _voluntarliy adopt tliem . We may ignprantl y congratulate ourselves upon having escaped the hurricane of change and tho whirlwind of revolution . We

      Parlumentary Re View. Asthe^Sessibn ^ No...

      _PARLUMENTARY RE VIEW . Asthe _^ Sessibn _^ _nortance and variety of the top cs discussed m S Suses increases _.-H _^ ing to a > _conside _Se _extmtdawdhdthvoiig _^^^ of the vear , the . near vision of the 12 th of Sd indolence into _' omething likeachvity , and at a season of the year when fine sunny w _^ hcr exci tes a longing for the green field _^ _shad ' v woods , and p leasures of a Iife . in . tflo _S-v . _Peei Coninons , clerks , reportors , _i _.-o-fy- " * ¦ __ _ -

      _.,-aud all ' those who are tied to the _?^»» 7 machine , are compelled to drudge through ruble _w'k and _" dou _^ hourS ° _* _^* ° ™ _"SSoNAL POOR - B _^^ _r _^ _Si brought an important practical question before the Commons last week , by moving for a Committee to inquire into the practicability ot better providing for the maintenance of the indigent poor- of England and Wales , by an equal and general apportionment of the burdens of the same . " We certainly must express surprise that , such a monster grievance should uot have sooner been discussed in the

      Legislature . It will scarcely be believed by those whehave not given attention to this subject , that the inequality in the rating for the support ot the poor varies to the extent it . does . It absolutely ranges from one farthingto fourteen shillings in the vo imd , Now undoubtedly , the intent and meaning of the original Act ot _^ _Li-ZABBTii , and the p lain common sense ot the question , is , that property of all kinds should contribute to the support of the poor mfair and equitable proportions . But an examination of the returns ordered by the House of Commons on tins subject , brings to light the * fact—aiid- proves it in the most indisputable manner- —that the rich escape the burden of

      supporting the poor , and that it is thrown upon the poorer parishes—that is , those parishes ill which the greatest number of middle and working classes , and the smallest number of the more opulent gentry , reside . Lord Nugent instanced cases of this gross inequality , which were certainl y sufficiently _stai'tling ; hut . he did not bring out the in j ustice so clearly aft he might have done . The inequality of _rating applies equally to towns and to counties , m botH the rich contrive to shuffle off the burden of supporting the poor to the shoulders of

      those least able to bear it , while , . at the same time , the system is continually at work to add to the riches of tho few and the poverty of the many . First , as to the counties . Taking thecomparatively poor counties of Bucks , Dorset , Essex , Oxford , Southampton , Sussex _^ ana Wilts ; we find an average rate of 2 s . 9 d . in the pound upon a total annual value of property assessed amounting to 7 > 39 r , _^ 11 . Contrasting : these " with seven' rich and populous counties—namely , Chester , Lancaster , Lincoln , Middlesex , Northumberland , Stafford , and York ( three Ridings ) , we have an average rateof ls . 0 'd . in the pound upon a total annual

      value of property , assessed at 24 , 392 , 795 / . L But this'inequality , when counties are contrasted with counties , is . still more apparent within the counties themselves , when parish iscontrasted with parish . The landlord who owns the whole of a parish agrees with the farmers to whom he lets his . land , that they will keep down the resident poor and evade the law of settlement , by making it what i _& called " a close parish . " This is effected in a . very simple manner ; the landlord builds no new cottages , and as fast as he can get possession of those ill existence , by the death or removal of their inmates , he pulls them down _. He and his tenants hire all their labourers

      from the nearest" open parish , " which , being _* subdivided among several proprietors , cannot be closed in this snug way . The labourers are by one means or another driven into thispauper warren , and made to walk some milesdaily , to and from their work in the " close parish . " The landlord draws his rents , the farmer his profits ) from their labour , as long as they can work—when they can toil no longer they are flung as a useless piece of timber on the " open parish , '' to add to the heap of pauperism of which it is at once the nursery

      andthe last refuge . This explains Lord Nugent' s statement—that in some parishes the rates areonly one farthing in the pound j while in others they are FouilTEEK SHILLINGS ! Similarabuses exist in the rating of town parishes-In London the poorest ratepayers pay the highest rates . London , within , the walls , with a rated property of the annual value of 613 , 833 / . pays Is . "M . in thc pound , while tho citizens without the walls , with a rated property of 211 , 150 / ., pay 2 s . lOd . That is , in plainwords , about one-third the amount of annual

      property pays nearl y twice the sum to the relief of the poor . But even that disproportion is moderate compared with the rate on povertystricken and squalid Bethnal-green , with its thousands of toiling and starving handloom weavers and that p aid by aristocratic and fashionable St . George ' s , Hanover-square . In Bethnal-grcen the rate is 2 s . 3 id ., while the rich Wost-ondparishgetsciffwitharateof 7 fd . in the pound , or one-quarler of tho amount levied upon the poorer rate-payers in the East . But even this is exceeded by the case of two

      parishos in the City , within tho walls . The parish bf St . Christopher Stock , is wholly occupied by the Bank of England and the _GniiSiiAM Committee . The first of these wealth y corporations " cannot state the amount of its wealth , " the annual income of the other is about 20 , 000 / . ¦ the whole amount raised forthe poor in this happy parish hy those enormously wealthy bodies , is something over 100 / . every alternate vear 1 The anomalies and the oppressiveness of the present system of rating meet us in whatever direction we turn .

      -u _™ l the oxcc P tion ° _f Barnard ' s Inn and St . Clement Danes , all the Inns of Court and Chancery are _extr-i-paroehia ] , and , therefore , exempt from any poor-rate at all . The swarms of lawyers who ply their vocation , and grow rich in these Inns , contribute nothing to the support of the poor , so far as their residence , there is concerned . Those of them who h ave houses in addition to their _cham-¦

      bers , have them iri rich and li ghtly-rated parishes . In like manner , the wealthy and richly , endowed Universities escape ; and ail over the country there aro scattered these _extra-p-u-ochial places , which , by the neglect i 0 U 1 ' , _% _islatm'e to keep pace with the demands _^! the times _^ and the altered circumstances by . Which we are surrounded , are allowed to pass scot-free .

      + ii When _tM immense sum aunually raised for _£ _SJiP _r ; i ° f tbe P ° * is takc _» into _considera-5 _^ _^ % of increase , under _? , ; _„;? -f _^ _m isei _7-producing system is- kept in view , it is obvious that this is a great * and _practwal question . Nothing can be more just or ; . more self-ovidont than that ofthe late—namel y , that "the pronertu of the

      _^ be _am _£ _? f _& _* m _* _i _^ t principle ' " should _monS ' * _* ? _IT _^ y in England .:, It is S ? S _? vi _? _w di Sgracefal _^ landed V ™' _gj _>» 5 , rich banks , and co-operate bodies , _^ f _^ _Mned in the law , and wealthy ana fashionable tradesmen , should escape from S _^ i _^ _^ ; oportion ° _^ _^ hu rden im . _posca by the existence of . pauperism , and shift _Jhat burden on to the backs of thoso least able _tobearit _^ _- _Tlunigh Lord . Nugent _' s : motion Mas defeated , as might have been anticipated , it _msed _aquestion ; wliich must not beiowed t h _^ L'Jf be . _^ ged upon the attention of _Srn _^^ ' _fr _^ _^ e to time , with an

      _staS on _^ _rT _^ lwi _^ y _Lancia ! _sUtcmcnt ofthe CHANCELLoit of theExciiE . _QUER , as delivered by him , quite realised

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 30, 1849, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_30061849/page/4/