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Northern Star (1837-1852), 30th June 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, TOTHE OLD GUABDsA ™ Loved and Hummed Oom...

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      "Up, £1?Abs$, Asd At It I"

      "UP , £ 1 ? ABS _$ , ASD AT IT i "

      Tothe Old Guabdsa ™ Loved And Hummed Oom...

      TOTHE OLD GUABDsA ™ Loved and _Hummed OomtAum Aow is your time .- Send in yx , ur petitions _^ _Satur _^ y niglit ' _-rpost , _SundayniAs 3 _^ Monday ni ght > p 08 t , _-addLred _Kte Ss _^' _-TS _^ JS _^ Hodae of Comm _^ _- DtfW duty anffl will do mine . But if yoQ neglect _everytbwg _^ this _-weet , read _tte article _thatyou-wiUfindlu tae <> Nort hern Stl » _copied _^ m : _^ _«^ _flM _/ _yS _^ Let it be read , slowly and distinctly by a good _Z ? _fr _^ T _;^ meetin _^ - I am sure our Manchester fhends will feel the loss of _GnecoTT but let the article be read by all and to all , and then let all revile the Land Plan as I > esi they cam _^

      POUR IN YOUR PETITIONS . Your faithful Friend and _Repraentative , _Eeahgus <) ' Cossoit 3

      - . -* Startling Disclosures. So All Cl1...

      - . - _* STARTLING DISCLOSURES . _SO ALL _CL _1 SSES WHO XIVE BY THEIR LABOUR .

      My Faiends , I Loot .Npon Every Man Who ...

      My FaiENDs , I _loot . npon every man who earns his bread by the labour of Ms hands ofthe labour of his "intellect , as a -working man—tiiat is , I consider tbe architect , who draws out the design of a house -which labourers are to build , to be as worth y ofhis hire as the labourers themselves ; while , upon the other band , I look upon it not as an injustice , but as a sin ,, that the idle shonld

      live - in _lux-ory upon ihe labour of the _indos--2 rious ; and it is because the land constitutes "tbo Teal mine of labour , and the onl y _field-from "which the labourer can draw a -fair requital fbr hjs work , that Ihaveinade up my mind to . Struggle' to the death for . the restoration of Go »' s gift to Gob ' s people , and I never will join in any movement or in any plan which has not the furtherance of my project for its object . '

      When I say my project , I do not mean any Land Plan proposed by myself , because I will ¦ further , with all my mi ght , any projeet , no "matter by whom propounded , that will put _Hie-worloxtg classes 'in possession of . a sufficient amount of land to employ their own free labour upon . "With so much of a preface , let me now call your attention to the clear and unostentatious reply of Mr . - "Wheeler , and other allottees of O'Connorville , to the Nottingham BOOBY , and from those STARTLING

      DISCLOSURES you will- learn the base slander and lying hypocrisy to which every man who attempts to serve thc poor without a selfish "motire is exposed , and you will also discover the avidity with which the Press of faction seizes upon the lucubrations of those reptiles , when joo . recall to memory the fact , that the " Nottingham Review " published the rubbish ofthe BOOBY , with the usual indorsement as to his respectability , by pompously announcing that the Editor was in possession of tbe name of the writer—which , however , he withheld—the legitimate and the only conclusion to which

      you can come being that he was in possession of his character also—no great treasure—but the developement of which mi g ht have stigmatised the name with an odium that might have weakened the STARTLING DISCLOSURES . However , as a matter of course , the " Notting ham Review" will publish Mr . "W heeler ' s reply . I am not so sure of this however , as that paper has changed editors , and I learn that the present conductor is an old and virulent enemy of "mine . You will also find a letter in this week ' s * Star" from the occupants at Lowbands , in

      , reply "to Mr . DKrvEn ' s evidence at _^ forthampton , * and it gives me no little pleasure to find the occupants upon the several estates , thus coming forward gratuitously , and without any—the itightcst _*—solicitation upon my part , to speak for themselves . I have often told you that , like Wilbekfokce , my strongest desire was to lire down prejudice , and in concluding this part of niy letter , I may say , tiiat the last week has been one of thc happiest of my life , and the cause ofthat happiness you will find in the several responses to niy letter of last vreelc ,

      and the result of which will be such a phalanx of independent voters going to the poll at the -next General Election as will astound the enemies of Labour 5 not for one county , nor for two counties , but for a majority of the counties of England ; and , as I originally laid it down In my " Work upon Small Farms , " written in " 1843 , 1 should like to purchase estates in tlie several counties , for the location of the inhabitants of those several counties . However , this is a matter that must be left to the choice of the people themselves .

      I now come to the material part of the question—namely , the purchase of Mathon . While I am writing the sale is going on , aud my solicitor is there , with my instructions to purchase it at the price at which I originally boug ht it Theresult cannot be communicated to me till to-morrow ( Friday ) morning , and it will then appear in the Second Edition , as a postscript to this letter . However , as it is indispensable that those who invest their money in such a project , should be thoroughly acquainted with the subject , and as some appear to be in error , let me now clearly state how the

      matter stands . Every man who wishes for an acre will have to pay 321 . the acre , at tbe price I propose to purchase , costing 30 / ., and putting down 21 au acre for legal expenses of conveyance and _surveving ; and perhaps this will appear small whcn l tell y ou that the stamp alone , for _COUveyin-. ' the propert y , will cost nearly 200 / . However , every subscriber must pay at the rate of 321 . an acre , from one aero to eight .

      Then in last week ' s " Star , " I made a mistake as to the price of tiie growing timber , which I put down at 4 , 000 / ., while 1 find it is less than 2 ,-500 L You must understand that when an estate is purchased , the timber must be taken at a valuation ; aud you mustunderatand that those who buy the estate , must also hay the timber . 307 . an acre for 500 acres is 2-5 . O 0 OL , tiie price I propose to g ive , and the price I propose to charge per acre . The 2 , oOW . for timber , amounts to 57 . an acre upon oOO acres , and therefore the purchaser of an acre must pay 37 _t ~ 30 / . for Land , 27 . forsurveymg and lega l expenses , and 5 ? . for the timber ; and After selling the timber , I undertake not onl y to return toevepurchaser of an acre his of . paitt

      ry for timber , and to every four-acre man his 201 . paid for timber , but also to level _aUthefences , and to convert all the old building materialssuch as bricks , stone , timber , door and window ¦ Ills , and other materials—to use out of the -profits made on the limber , that is—tbey sha ll be all piled in lots , and ready for sale , to the ¦ occupants or others who may wish to purchase fiem . They should he p iled hi quantities that would build a suitable cottage , which the purchaser could buy at less that half the retail price , saving the carriage , and tbe money received for them would be equally divided amongst the purchasers—that is , if they brought 2 , 0007 ., every man -who purchased an acre and did not purchase materials , would

      receive 47 . ; every four-acre man would receive 161 . ; thus reducing the price of the Landinciudin _^ lcgal expenses and surveying—to 287 . Now f hope that I make this matter of _ti-ees and old materials sufficiently p lain . I put down old materials at 2 , 0007 ., while , perhaps the _i-aader would he _^^^^ SlS _^ sm they were not erected for _^^^^ _Tl mol than Land and aU would now fbteh I - nut them down at 2 , 000 / ., or an acre , ae 5 allbemuch _' deceived if they _^ ot fetch over 3 , 0007 ., or 67 . an acre . _BataU - « -ish the " Worcester Journal , " and otuer nefspf _pers so favourable to myplan , _toreserre 5 S Mter as condemnation of my present y _££ _Ivm to disarm them _; and in order

      My Faiends , I Loot .Npon Every Man Who ...

      Every purchaser of an . _acre . must pay 37 **» _*» Two acres „ 74 " » Three acres „ 111 - " »» » Four acres „ 148 " _« - Five acres „ 185 — - - * * ' *

      » . '•>• . _~ Six acres „ 222 »» » Seven acres „ 259 " » ' . : Ei ght acres' „ 296 The above amounts pay for land , timber , legal expenses , survey , conversion of timber trees mto cash , conversion of old materials mtousuable condition , and levelling offences . -Every man who pays 37 / . will receive hack 5 i . from sale of timber . - - . r- -- > - £ ; Every two-acre man will receive ; ' :, 1 Q : \ - Three ' _15 _iMiGaiitii uiau

      _« -acre man .. ; * - iS - _-x- - ,, -, 'J _^*^ , if _^ -Four-acre man - „ ' 20 _^ "A Five-acre man „ 25 _^ « „ Six-acre _mau „ * - ' " - _** f 8 _&&; ,, ' Seven-acre man „ * ~ ' 35-- _^ „ Ei g ht-acre liian „ , 40- ' And if I am allowed time to convert it into the proper scantlings for persons purchasing allotments , and . wishing to build then * own . cottages , and paying wholesale p rice upon the

      spot , without payment for carriage , I will undertake to return 8 / . an acre , instead of 5 / ., for the timber , andl will undertake to produce as much sawdust—not to feed pigs , hke the Raves—but as will burn into ashes , and produce the best manure for twenty acres of ground . There are trees there valued at more than seven tons of timber— -oak trees—and , of course , those could not be felled till May , when the hark stri ps . There are" fir trees there , which Mr . Cullingham estimated at over three

      tons to the tree . In this estimate I make no calculation of what is called LOP and TOP , which is always considered as the buyer ' s profit ; nor do 1 make any estimate of the hundreds of waggon-loads of firewood , with the best market in England for such shift- , and every particle of which should be economicall y converted into cash . So much for purchase money , aud money

      returned fi-om sale of timber , leaving the payment at 32 ? . per acre . Then , as to building materials , I undertake , and I will put it down lowl y , to return 47 . an acre , leaving 287 . I am aware that this difficulty will occur—that the man who pays for ei g ht acres or for lour acres at the stipulated price—that is , at the wholesale price—will ' expect that be is to get eight acres of the best land for tbat amount , while

      the man paying the stipulated price for one acre may presume that he is to pay that amount for the worst acre , thus compelling hira to pay as much for the worst acre as another man should pay for the best acre , or leaving me in such an awkward _dilemma as would give general dissatisfaction ; but , in order to prevent after-claps , it must be distinctl y understood that each member will

      pay for bis allotment according to the value fixed upon it "by fair valuation . I bought Minster Lovel for 30 / . au acre , and sold some for 677 . 10 s . I made a profit of nearly 307 . an acre upon other estates , and refused over 501 . an acre profit upon a portion of meadow ground at Snig ' s End ; however , every working man understands that he will not get a loaf of bread made with first flour for the same

      price that he will get a loaf of household bread for ; and he must understand that he will not get a fat p i g for the same price that he would pay for a lean pig ; and if we had not this distinct understanding I will show you what " my " SOLEMN POSITION , " in the words of the informer , Powell , would be . I would get the exact amount to pay for the estate , according to thc only standard that l can fix at present ; and then the man paying for the eight acres , according to that standard , would say , " Oh , come , give me my eight acres , I'll * stand _noufc of this sort , " and

      then" SUM _NUM TIIAT WOR _WOESE NOR SUM NUM , " who had paid alike sum would say , "Eh dom it , mun , dust think I ' m goin' to pay for Stone as much as y on chap is paying for the plum . Nay , I won't stand it , dom'd , I must have my money . " Now it is perfectly " rig ht that this should he critically understood—that each man will get the amount of land which the money he subscribed will pay for , and at the wholesale price in the retail market ; and the mau who gets the least in quantit y will be much the best off ; while the strictest attention shall be paid to tbe sub-division , and the most critical account , in a p rinted form , as to the expense , shall be placed iu every member's hand .

      So much with regard to Mathon , as respects the purchase and subdivision , and now a word as to it with regard to the most simple developement of the Labour Question . There are , now , about ten labourers employed , at low wages , on those 500 acres . Then take it under my p lan , in the most unfavourable light , and suppose it to be divided into 125 allotments , at four acres each , and no occupant of any one of those allotments employing a sing le individual for a single day in the year , and how stands the matter ? Why , that that estate—g iving unprofitable employment to ten slaves—would g ive profitable employment to 125 FREE LABOURERS ; and

      would produce more than twenty times as much as it now does . Then see the result—that land at 12 s , a week paid to ten labourers each , would pay in labour 3127 . a year ; while to the 125 , at the same amount of wages , it would pay 3 , 900 / . a year , while the interest on the rent , at five per cent _, npon the 15 , 0007 . purchase money , would only amount to 7507 ., ornotafifth ofthe amount of wages , earned by the free labourers that it would employ . Now , then , do you seethe different position occupied by the represented landlord and the unrepresented labourer , and do you see the

      position in which the labourers of Lnglana can place themselves ? I think I hear Mr . Booby saying , "But these men would not be all labourers . " My answer is , that they are now -nine-tenth of them labourers , and that their occupation upon their own land would thin 1 the market in which they are now a surplus while , ifnot one single one of them was a labourer , each should employ a labourer atthe _waTesIstate , or higher , while they would be tetter producers of fresher produce than we can get from foreign countries for the home consumers ; and the 125 freemen would be much better customers to every branch of trade , than the ten slaves now employed upon tne same estate . .

      I trustthat I havenow placed the matter in such a dear and understandable light that no poor man can comp lain , and that no organ ol faction can put him down as one of my jagglea dupes ; I g ive my services free , and any estate that I purchase upon the principle that I havo laid down , in less than twelve months shall be turned from a wilderness into a paradise ; and in twelve months no man would take double—yea , treble—tlie price at which I was enabled to sell him his free labour field .

      Let it be clearl y understood that I by no means confine this plan to Mathon , but that I will carry it on , without let or legal hindrance , or interference , to any amount that the con-

      My Faiends , I Loot .Npon Every Man Who ...

      fidence of the working classes enables me ; and the very same rules that apply to Mathon will appl y to any other estate that I may purchase while , I confess , that I should like to take the sting out of the vipers who rejoiced in my inability to complete the purchase ' of that property . Mathon is just under _the'Malvorn Hills , in the most luxuriant valley in England ; there is a new carriage drive made round the hill from Great Malvern , which overlooks the estate : and ; what a si <** ht it wonld be for tho invalids taking their morning airing , to see the IDLE RASCALS

      AND VAGABONDS sucking the ! rich honey from the / rich valley , swarming like bees _uporfthe : plain-below , luximatihgrin the deVight , that t _^ tibeir-ownbrow _^^ _tf _^ ; : >; . f )' ' ' Now , can the most femdimagina _^ bn depict a , more loyely _^ _Kene than .. that would'hel and let it beTemembe _# d , that most •' of the ¦ aristocracy would then haVe an opportunity of "judging of the ' _DEVIL'g _JUGGLEi 4 s Great Malvern has _^ _h ( _w _^ cbme _% e fashionable resort of that class , ; and the best market for vegetables , ; poulfayj milk , ; Miter , -eggs , and other produce .,

      . I shall no-a _** ' Cohelude ; . by „ calling the attention of all to the admirable article written by _SiMEr Smith , in the " Weekly Dispatch" oi last Saturday , and which deserves the attentive perusal , not only of the labouring classes , but of all classes of society—when , I think , all will admit that I HAVE LIVED DOWN

      PREJUDICE . I must state that the unsuccessful members who paid Bonus for th * , Bromsgrove Estate , have received their money back b y return of post—that is , those who remitted their recei pts to the Directors . In all cases where unsuccessful competitors require the repayment of their Bonus , they must forward their receipts to the Land Office , and they will receive their respective amounts by return of post . I remain , Your faithful Friend and unpaid Bailiff , Feargus O'Coknok . Friday Morning . .

      F . S . —HURRAH J I have purchased : the Mathon Estate again , and when my friend Mac ofthe " Worcester Journal , " comes over to see if " SUM 'NUM ARE W 0 RS NOR SUM NUM , " he'll not find a clodpole " Jem" upon the estate to have a drinking bout with him , but I'll show him such a scene as will gladden his heart , and make him REEL without a drop _^ ofthe vine juice . Now , then , if the people have shown confidence in me , I have proved my confidence in them . I have paid a second deposit out of my owu money , and therefore I shall expect that each

      subscriber will remit a portion of his share money next week . Indeed , there is no possible reason why those who wish to become purchasers should not send the whole of their money at once , in order that the purchase may bo completed without delay . I have not stated in my letter what I now state in the postscript , namely , that I will see to the building of tho houses of all who wish to build upon their allotments , so tbat they shall have the benefit of co-operation and my unpaid services . Everyman ' s house should be built according to his own fancy , and every man shall have all

      the materials , bought wholesale , retailed to hun at the wholesale price . If this Land Purchase Company goes on as it ought to go on , I will-surrender my seat in Parliament , and devote my-days and ni ghts to the practical developement of the Labour Question ; and , if the purchasers choose , I will cultivate the whole 500 acres upon the principle of co-operation ; and , let it be understood , that there is a splendid limestone quarry belonging to the estate , several sand p its also upon the estate , while , for Snig ' s End , I had to draw the sand

      nearly six miles . I "will take care that every allotment has a hi g h-road frontage , and I pledge my character—whicli is dear to me and to the working classes—that equal justice shall be done to all in the distribution , and that there shall not be a dissatisfied man upon the estate , or one who , if he is unwilling to hold , Will not get a good and solvent tenant , willing to pay him over ten per cent , upon hia outlay . The deposit must be paid , and the legal expenses for transfer must be paid at once , as lawyers are not men who will wait for their fees .

      No circumstance of my life has given me so much pleasure and satisfaction as the re-purchase of this estate ; and , as I promised Mr . Ricardo , the hon . member for Worcester , and the treacherous reviler of the Land Plan , I will treat him as I promised , upon thc next general election . Now , ' -working men of England , itis for you to work out your own salvation , as , depend upon it , WHAT IS TO BE DONE FOR

      THE PEOPLE , MUST BE DONE BY THE PEOPLE—and with tho assistance of your co-operation I will save the estates of tho landlords from Jew-jobbers and moneygrubbers , as I will give the full value for them in the market ; I , will save the shopkeepers and the middle classes from ruin , the people from starvation , and the country from a blood y revolution . With your confidence my energy will return , and I have never for a moment lost hope in that confidence , however I may be attacked by the vengeance of the Press , or the ingratitude of those to whom I havo been a benefactor . I will show you how to gain your political rights , by the possession of a small modicum of your social privileges .

      I trust that next week ' s " Star" will prove that my confidence has not been misplaced ; and I pledge myself that your fondest hopes shall be more than realised , as there is not a working man iu England who is not confident that I would rather starve , than misapply a farthing of his money . I have purchased the estate at the same price as before . F . O'C .

      ^^^- -^^. R^-*-^*^., - - ,. .. - . - ......

      _^^^ - - _^^ . _r _^ - * _- _^*^ ., - - ,. .. _- . - ....:. 7-- _^ _-.: _- _v- . , _v _^ . _.-- _-,.

      _ ^L And Iati0nal Trades' Journal. ¦

      _ _^ L AND IATI 0 NAL TRADES' JOURNAL . ¦

      M'*• Mft - '" -'¦ Aminmnti.Mm.M. - • ¦ -...

      _M '*• - '" - '¦ aminmnti . _mM . m . - _¦ _- _» . j _auaaa _.- — - ' _. . - . — ' : — : •_ __ _j i _^ ' _" ' ¦ " _- ¦• ¦ __ ¦ '•'

      To The Allottees On The Bb0msgr0ve Estat...

      TO THE ALLOTTEES ON THE BB 0 MSGR 0 VE ESTATE . My Deaii Children , You will be located in your own houses on Monday ; and were it not that my motion for the PEOPLE ' S CHARTER comes on on Tuesday night , nothing should debar me of the p leasure of seeing smoked slaves metamorphosed into perfumed freemen . You will see that I have directed that the horses and labourers shall be continued at work for a fortnig ht after you are located , while other managers , who have grabbed your money and put you in possession , would not be found to continue their labours . Now , let me beg and entreat of you to co-operate with one auothcr , as , rely upon it , that by the co-operation of Labour alone can the injurious co-operation of its enemies be destroyed ,

      On Monday , after the allotments are selected , I have to request a meeting ofthe several occupants , in order that they may hear Mr . Doyie read the article from the " Weekl y Dispatch , " upon the value of Labour applied to the Land . It is indispensable that the Members to be located should be present , to select their allot ments , as Mr . Doyxb cannot be held responsible for the neglect of others ; and I may re

      To The Allottees On The Bb0msgr0ve Estat...

      . .- * _^ _vfun _^ _YW S _^ TOUR . ' .. * _^ r . :... :: > r i _^^< k _^^^^ . _M' _^ : _^} jr _^^ _^ . . _^ _DiLia _" : SiK _^ Since ' _/^^ _haY-a _^ _Iecturedat a _n-ff _^ bei *_ ofjplaces , among them . Rochdale , Hcbden * _BridM ' Ha _^ towns * my aiidiences ; im * jrov & hit is with pleasure that I observe tlie ; desire fbi * self-improveiiicnt among the y 6 _utffi''of ; _stliose districts ; At Hebdbn Bbidoe and _llippONDE-sr ' _fiiicre are libraries'belonging to . the . Association , '' -as * there are . 'in- _nJostiplaoeS ; Classes , tppj . areformod .-for / mutual _improvement , by learning . _gramuiar , . iritlunetie , & c . This is Well . The ¦ _gobifeflbcts' _-iiftlio Tex Dovrs . Bj _% are everywhere jriuiifest : mid an increase of self-cirucationia

      among itis most happy results . Mechanics' Institutions have long been ¦¦ genteel "—too much so by half to be of practical value to the -workman . " Their democratic libraries and reading-rooms will fill up the gap , and in the end prove td be truly Mechanics' Institutions . They are founded on a desire for political knowledge—it is their very basis—and the young workman thinks no subject too sacred tor inquiry . Politics .- ire carefully _oschewed by the societies favoured by the annual ' commendations of the " "Bainescs" and " Morpeths . " The object of those two kinds of institutions is not the same ; the one makes knowledge accessible for pleasure and ornament—the other for utility and the possession of political power . The want of unrestricted

      reading and thinking has been long felt , and the young Democrats are fast supplying the desideratum . The results will be desirable . Let the '' priests of the evil faith" beware . I have before now had occasion to remark on the mean , searching despotism practised by some of the manufacturers of this district , and every renewed visit but tends to corroborate former impressions . I wish that it were otherwise :, no ono , I am sure , would be more happy than the writer to notice _fiivourable changes . It was xny lot to hear tales * _vt Bippondcn'that I could wish to be conveyed to thc ears of those who talk largely about the blessings of commerce and the fulness ' of our civil and religious liberty . Cant , mere cant ; words ,

      wordsand nothing more . Better than a year ago , a number of hands struck work : they gave in . The leading men among the workmen , of course , hoped , like the others , to be employed again—and so they were . But mark the humiliating degradationthey bowed on their knees , and sued for leave to toil , the " Young Masters" walking round and round them , cracking a whip . Young slave drivers—old slaves . This is England—free England—cherished land ofthe Christian and freeman ! Could Turk , or West Indian Planter have done more ? Ignorant , cruel , cold , rich monsters that you are ! know ye not that the day of retribution must come ? HaVe you forgot how you begged and prayed , coaxed and swore , in 1812 and 1 S 4 S ? Your

      spccial-constablcship is surely not forgotten ? Speak of stirring men . up to revolt ' and insurrection . Fudge ! I say ; the deeds of yourselves beget your fears . It is _i he memory of the " whip , " the recollection of the scourge of wealth , that forces hungry men to the commission of deeds of madness and revenge . And who are these " young masters ? " lot me ask . The sons of men who fifty years ago wero labourers . They have drunk of wealth to repletion , but they know not its use . Their lust of power has been fell to intoxication , nnd it may one day be their ruin . Can these men bo the future governors of England ? Humanity forbid ! Stir yourselves , workmen ; be not for ever whipped by striplings . Your labour produces property . Why should you not possess it ?

      Kenect on that question , and think of the future . On the evening of Friday , the loth , I was present at a meeting originating because of a discussion between Mr . ' Meik lethwnite , editor of tlie Wakefield Journal , and tlio Halifax Uoaiid of _Gcardiaxs . The mcet _in * : consisted of from 3 , 000 to 4 , 000 persons , and was addressed at great length by Mr . Meiktethwaite on the subject of thc Poor Laws generally , and the conduct of the Halifax Guardians in particular . A Mr . Peacock , Union surgeon , had written that tho dietary of tlie paupers , although not " sui _* _i-iifi _** e , " was almost too abundant . This superfine Peacock was most completely replied to by Mr , M . quoting tables of dietary for other districts . A table of importance was referred to , viz ., the dietary tabic of the Wakefield House of Courectiok , from wliich it is proved that our dependent poor arc fedthan criminals in

      worse , our punished ; other words , tho honest husbandman , who by fifty years ' of industry has added wealth to the state , who has brought up a family in difficulty , and iven hostages to his country , when too weak to toil , is worse fed and worse clad than burglars and pickpockets . This subject is thus forcibly alluded to by Louis Klanc , in his book on the Organisatian of Labour . " We leave to the refections of our readers the following figures extracted from thc work of Sir Edward IJulwcr Lj'ttOIl—England and the English : — ' The independent workman cannot procure , by his earnings , more than 122 ounces of food per week , including thirteen ounces of meat . Tho able-bodied pauper , at the charge of the parish , receives lul ounces of food per week , including thirty-eight ounces of meat .

      ' The felon receives 239 ounces of food per week , i ncluding thirty eig ht ounces of meat , ' " Which goes to prove that in _Exolaxd thc material condition of the criminal is better than that of thc pauper maintained by the parish , and that of thc pauper maintained by the parish bettor than that of the honest man who works lor his living , That is monstrous , is it not ?" No more monstrous , than true . Who do you propose to improve ? The criminal , ( says tlie prison reformer)—do so , and you give a premium for crime . The pauper—do so , and you encourage pauperism . You cannot improve the condition of tho labourer

      with your present system of " Devil-take-the-hindmost" free trade and competition . When I think of it . lam astonished when I know that our legislators do not think of it , with but few exceptions . I am melancholy—the future seems all chaos—all doubt . The Halifax meeting , after an elaborate investigation and narration of" facts , passed an unanimous resolution , condemning the entire New Poor Law experiment , and blaming the Halifax Board of Guardians in particular . On Sunday I lectured at Padiham , to good audiences , but was compelled to leave early , because of pressing circumstances . Samuel Kydd .

      Mind All Who Do Not Chooae To Iead A. Co...

      mind all who do not _chooae to iead a . country life , that they will be ablo to secure ten per cent , for the Bonus , given for . possession , from a _jgood and solvent agricultural labourer , who Avill cKeerfally _^ coin his "•'; sweat into gold . If Some pf the allottees . upon the other estates had not _foolJahly andignora-Qtlyreviled the Land Plan ; iii _|| e hope of extracting the poor man's money Irom my fears , every one of them would bave _* ybeen in a flourishing position b _^ _ttiis . time . _A- " ; A '' ' ¦ _" 'A _^ A " . . _^ _iTisliihg you comfort _^ ' . "b _ap-p _^^ _Jfa _^ _- _' B _^ cess ,. 'A ' . .. " - . v . . _Irematti- 'i _^^ . _^^ _x 1 . Your fond and ; affectionate ' fi'iend ,, ! ¦ A _&;¦ * ¦ ¦ : : ' . _^^ G _^ _- _)^ _6 _p _»^ _p-R , _;(' v _^

      The Land And Labour Question. To. Mr. Wa...

      THE LAND AND LABOUR QUESTION . TO . MR . WALTON AND THE BRITISH TRADES . Sir , —As an admirer of all who make it their studyto propound plans really calculated to miti gate tho miseries of the toil-worn slave , I was hi hly gratified to observe tho bold stand taken b y tlie London Trades " in defence , " ( not of the divine ri ght of kings , ) but ofthe divine rights of man , as amoral , intelligent , and responsible being , as well as the divine rig ht to labour , and live by that labour . At public meetings , and in your letters , you have boldly contended that the labourer is entitled to the full benefit ofhis labour , and has no right to be contented with the pittance his necessities compel him to accept from the money-mongering capitalist . Now , sir , as you and the London Trades have pointed oiit tho evils of thc present system , and also directed attention to tho only permanent remedy—the Land , I sincerely hope you will not stop there ; that you will hot be satisfied with

      sending a few petitions to parliament , enforcing vour claims to inhabit the wastes of your country . Although , I readily admit the influence of the weilorganisedTrades , I am afraid the Whig government iu all but inaccessible to that influence ; unless vou in the first place convince them that you can do without them , they will only be read y to help those who can help themselves . Up , then , and be doing : do not deprive the government of the pleasure and expense of cultivating thc ivaste lands as long as there is p lenty of land to purchase otherwise , and better worth the paying for , at a fair price , than if you had the wastes for nothing . Possibly , you will exclaim— "Where is the money to come from ? for without money it is impossible to purchase . I admit it . But although a poor man has few pounds , still he is a poor man that has no ponce ; and as there are many poor men the pence will becoaio

      The Land And Labour Question. To. Mr. Wa...

      pounds . I would not wish to abrid ge the poor man ' s _necessaries ; and he is poor , indeed , tfho would not abridge part of his luxuries , for so nobfe a cause ., But as the means must be in some measure proportionate to the end in view , So _enaurer success , and the end is the complete emancipation o f industry , which by the union of indust ' _yy is perfectly attainable , this will easily supply thi ? the _re-juisite capital . This capital applied to the * purchase of land , and _combiued with the other leading _branches of British industry ; , would very soon enable the slave to . ' cliange positions with Ins sordid and : 0 "fle _* a . unscrupulous master , who , instead of ' plajitig ; the tyrant as ' , -would soon * have to compete' with . the fmhbbw of h _& _foraabr slave ; as well as to jay _afree labour price for his slave labour . V J ' ; l

      v _The-ft-ne ' _secret of buying cheap isI ' to buy in . Jaiige _quantjtiei-Sj-whether ! land _oiv other raw materiali of general _manufacturersj ' . This a well organised union of the industrial classes . would be enabled to do , and _ofjjtheI jiesJ _^ qu _^ _oi-tlyjof 'the bestbukliiy ' ; b \ italso in ' the best locality : ; a smaU ' quantityoi land , conibiQed with ' _manufacturesYif good land , ) -frouldehaWa family to li . veih ; Comiort '! -- _^ interestrfdr _' the capital expended , but to pay back the capital in _aifew ; years _/ an'd . by that nrieans save the interest / and , increase tbe capital of - _jhe union . put ,. as \ v ,, h impossible in one letter to ester fully into'thei '/ details , - -1 shall , _withjthe _editors leave _, _retul-nto . tlio subject . In the meantime ,. I : shall point out how the money could be raised . I may

      say that I do not find fault with the schemes that have been propounded by others- ; on the contrary , some of them I admire , and expect to see fully carried out , but still there is room for others . Instead of imposing any stated sum , I would propose that every member who joined the union should submit to a voluntary tax on their income or weekly wages , varying from 2- _"> to 5 per cent ., according as the amount is large or small ; so that if a man at any time should lose employment or health , he would not be called upon to pay what he did not receive , * neither would the man with ten shillings a week be called upon to pay ao much as the man with thirty shillings , or even twenty shillings a week , but every man would havo . to pay in proportion to his income ; but yet every man ' s account would be kept distinct , so that it could be seen how much every one had paid at a glance . Brechin . * A . Campbell .

      The Kirildale Chartist Prisoners Again. ...

      THE KIRILDALE CHARTIST PRISONERS AGAIN . TO TUE EDITOR OF THE _KORTIIUnif STAB . Sib , — -In your Star of Saturday last , there appeared two letters originally emanating from Kirkdale Gaol . One signed " Mark W . Norman , " the other bearing the signature of " Daniel Donovan . " These letters have already caused great excitement and much unpleasant sensation in the minds ofthe Chartist members of this locality . The unfair insinuations contained in tho language of these epi-tles have created much anxiety , and severely wounded the feelings of thc Manchester Victim Committee . This committee have appealed to us for advice ' and legitimate protection from the imputations , which , if unchecked , aro materially calculated to injure their meritorious reputations in

      the eyes of their countrymen . AVe consider we should be wanting in common fidelity , if we refused to entertain the complaints of the victims , and also to listen to explanations afforded us bythe above committee . We , the Chartist Council of this locality , have unanimously agreed to examine minutely the statements , ditferences , and grievances , manifested as above , and afterwards proclaim to thc Chartist public the result of impartial investigations . Having , as in duty bound , rend and heard the written and oral statements made by each party—the incarcerated victims and the Victim Committee , we aro now reluctantly compelled to

      express our deep sorrow and regret , when forced to behold thc people ' s journal—the Star—containing language , as it does , of ingratitude and abuse , and also statements utterly at variance with truth , which is not only calculated to injure our sacred cause , but might , and we fear will , have a tendency to cool the ardour and humane fervour of our brethren—the Victim Committee—who are devoting their valuable time , night and day , with a view to lessen the misery of the persecuted Chartist inmates of Kirkdale prison , as well as being the instruments in relieving their more unfortunate wives and families .

      We are constantly and assiduously engaged night after night , in matters relative to petitioning Parliament for tho establishment of the People ' s Charter ; and wc cannot , at present , do more than merely give a bare outline ofa few facts ill opposition to assertions made by Mrs . White and Mrs . Donovan . By your kind permission , sir , we will next week endeavour more fully to analyse and after-Wards announce in the Star the final result of our investigation . In thc meantime , we hope and trust for truth ' s sake , your readers and our Chartist brethren will suspend their decisive judgment until then , when our conclusive particulars shall be

      impartially exhibited to tlie world .. Still the Victim Committee request the income and expenditure to be laid before an intelligent public iu order that Something like a proper estimation may be taken of their past labours on behalf of ungrateful men . Here then follow the various items , as received and forwarded for and to each of tho aforesaid victims and tlieir families . We do not attach any blame to you sir , for inserting the letters of Norman and Donovan . All we request is , that you will accommodate us by giving publicity to this , our report , and result of our deliberations . Your compliance with this request will oblige Yours respectfully ,

      In thc cpuse of universal Liberty , The Chartist Council ov Manchester Locality . Thomas Mather , Jons Owbx , Geouoe Iyer , Peteh Lloyd Edward Joxks , _Bojskiit Wolstexiiolme , William Roach , Robert Faulk . ver , AVilliam _Siielmekdixe , Treasurer . Joux Jacksox , Secretary . _Gi-oitei * Henry Smith , Chairman , People ' s Institute , Council Room , _lttth June , 1 S 49 . £ , s . d . Sent by Committee to Prison for food 53 0 0 Postage stamps ... ... ... 1119 To cooking utensils ... ... 14 2 To post office orders ... ... 0 7 0

      Total £ 50 J S Additional money given in prison by friends , viz ., W . P . lloberts . * . e 0 0 Thomas Clark g HJ j } Mr . Aitken 2 ? 2 Mr . Cooper 2 0 0 Mr . Grindrod 0 7 0 Ml ' . Booth ... ... ... - 0 10 0 Total £ 10 13 6 They are supplied with pens and paper . Sent by London Committee to Mrs .

      Donovaii , from January 18 th to June 16 th 5 0 0 By Manchester _Commitiee ... 0 0 0 By the Council ... 0 110 Leeds , January 31 st . ... ... 0 15 0 Rochdale 0 8 0 Mr . Barker ... 0 5 0 Another source ( per week ) ... 0 5 0 Mrs . Leach , per London Committee 5 9 0 Mrs . llankin , per London Committee i 18 0 Mrs . Clark , ditto , ... -112 0

      To The Editor Of Tue Southern Star. Sin,...

      TO THE EDITOR OF TUE SOUTHERN STAR . Sin , —We , thc undersigned wives of the incarcerated men now in Kirkdale Prison , send out thanks to the Committee of Manchester for their labours in our behalf . We think they have done their duty as honest men towards each and all of us , as far as they havo had it in tlieir power and for which wc return our marked thanks both to them , and the public at large . At the time the money was sent from Leeds , there was none sent from London as was stated m the Star of the lGth . to the

      We think it our duty men now acting on tbe C ommittee , to make this statement in vindication 01 ' their character . The money sent from feeds was Mrs . Leach fifteen shillings Mrs . Donovan fifteen shillings ; Mrs . C . Cropper six shillings ; Mrs . Rankin nothing , * but the Manchester Committee voted Mrs . Rankin eight shillings , which iustice can only say was right . We remain , sir , Your much obliged servants , P . C . _CnorrEit , and Mrs . _Uaxkin _* .

      Tue Morning Advcrlizcr Says,—*' Every Do...

      TUE Morning Advcrlizcr says , —* ' Every door or passage is pregnant with instruction to the patrow of beggars , as the beggar-marks show that a system of freemasonry is followed , by whioh a beggar knows whether it will bo worth liia while to call . If a thousand towns aro _examined , the same marks will be _fouud . -at every passage entrance . "

      Mr, Wheeler's "Startling Discloi ; Bubes...

      MR , WHEELER'S _"STARTLING DiSCLOi BUBES . " . —THE O" COMORVILLE _T 2 STAT . E . . TO THE ** DIT 01 l OP TIIE NOTTINGHAM BEVIEW . Sin , —Our attention having ., been drawn to two articles which lately appeared .-in your , paper , and in wliich our names arc munitioned , and as we are there reported to have madecertain statements ,, we trust to your sense of justice to allow us , oh behalf of ourselves arid brother _allotteesfrthe opportunity ot correcting tho mistatements and exaggerations of y _° "J correspondents . . Sow , Sir , from the writing ot _ B ., ' we were led to expect something terrible , io ¦• ot

      • ue _peaKs "xiic extreme foUy , and perverse _wickedness of Mr , O'Connor in propounding' the scheme . JBut , after an attentive _perssal , had he wilfully misrepresented the . _conversation he held with some 6 / us , we should have been content ia hare treated - his bombastic _Iraving g with con ' tempt . ' , The second _parapaph supplies us witli t _& J ' reason of this diatribe" jit is ' _iJVi-leirtly the snarling ef a dis a ' _ppanbced partisan , _aying to oust Mr . ; 6 _* "Sbnnor from _fcire _^ _resehtation-ofNotting ham ! ' Tain liopo _itwilf _rf _&< jjurre _something _^ _stri _^ ger $ _hau ? the con Yersatr * tii _* rfct _* -fe _* J by "B . _j- ' wlirtbor . they are _tSose of _thecotft _& ger ' s wife , or _$ _ati' * specimen of _red' simplicity */ -, _wl-sose intellectaal- ab 51 iti . es enabled hsai td state _-tlhtiiT'Sum ' num art'd > d ) 's _nuriitm ~ MK _*»

      We _will' _- noW _" , e & nie ; to the _cralWrsatibii with Mer I rick , w _^ liich ' _B- ' fiwirked' with thati exaggeration that run ' -- through " , _fcbe- _^ _rwhole- artiele' ( _tiij , for instance ! turning li ?? Binrolc- trt-coloureU -Ifeg- * -iiito a splendid j banner ) ,: ' ' But i * s _** _e- » fce writer has _eVeiMiokkismark ; 'foir even if Memokkad stated thai "'? 'the occupants yferein _greafdisteess ; brought on bj _** tlieir own im _ipradenco ,, and . theifiabit of cocking up their little j fingers ';"' ' doe ? iiotf „ ' _* ¦ : b ;''—orBooby- _^ : thatthat jWOtt'W be _hOargumWi ' iiigainst Mi _£ p _'(^ hor , or tho [ p _** a _^ ical ) _ility- _; of _the _^ _-Xarid -Plan _?*; and * ; i & _-the _.: * _nest paiia i gTaph he _BpeaKw / of ' ' the f ' * maguifirent school house ; and thirty-si _» beautiful ' _-ta _^ thiflfemore commodious _thaii-any . " tbat fli _*?' aH 6 ttees _had'pitftviously dwelt . i »;" , ratMr a , _^ _strstpge proof _this-of _^ the extreme folly or perverse wickedness of theiy founder . Oh , , _prejudice . 1 , _how thou dost blind 1 / _K-s eyes-of _thy-vota » ies I . - ' . ' ' ? We will pass ovei ' . the o & loiu'ing jjiveri ' _r ' to * Ms re port of ' _tlae other interviews , till we como to that with Mit _* . _Iloaton , from Wigan " ,. who never had daughter ,. and therefore' coiwd not allude to her ; ia fact , the whole , except -iii- _lisfercnce to Mr . _ICuott , is a tissuo !! f _fabi'ications , _hn-ving birth in the fertile _imaginatien- of "B „ " who' _-jeems to think that he can safely indulge in _genem-Mties . But Mr . "B . " mustnotthiakto get out of it like that ; lie has g iven the names of other p : _wtiil % why not of tllOSC _* whom he states are starving ;? Why , because he knew at thefctme it was an unmitigated , lie . He professes great sympathy with our "deplorable condition ;' " why not , then , havofiiblishedthe names of these persons , that they might have received some tangible _groof of the _sympathy of the benevolent ? That would have been the conduct of a _philanthropist , but his- sympathy and censure are alike valueless to us . We then

      come to Tawes , and it is- a-fact — and let "B . " make thc-most of it—that _t"he parish doctor did visit his child . when she had tlie-fever ; but it is also a . fact , he did-not apply to him ; , but to a private practitioner , whO'inforinod hini ,. tha . tin thi . i " parish it was the usual practice for all tho small ratepayers to __ liave medical advice given them , and that he might a 3 well conform to the ordinary custom of this part , especially as he stated that owing to the distance hc could not come to visit' her under six shillings per journey , besides char _«* iug for medicine ; and , surely , that _is-better than _alfthu family being dependent on the _psrish , as thoy wose before they camo here . As for Mr . T . M . Wheeler , and his "startlinir

      disclosures ; " was he n © t "; iwarcthat . poliii « _al renegades are lost to all sense of shame , he might _have been tempted to have tried . to raise a blush on the cheek of •' li ., " by relating some particulars soncerning a trafficking politician ! ot the name otVBrooksbank , who lias long been hawking his _principles—or rather want of principl e—in the political market , and is now willing to give his " _literacy abilities " to any party that will-pay - , and that tiiose abilities are versntile , is evidenced by his uewspaporarticles , as contrasted witli his epistles " To- Ja-mcs Brown and other Agricultural-Labourers , " ' written in this style : —'' Dear Jem : Ytiu are a good bniek , - do you remomber the jolly drinking bout we- had' at the School-house ? " I _send-you a slip of the- Nottingham

      licview , and hope to- liave another . - jolly good fuddle-, with you before long ; , in the meantime send ... me anything you can- pick up about , O ' Connor ,, and them poor deluded fellows . " And " Dear Jem , " who It-seems is a-worthy compa nion to his correspondent ,. and has- visited the Ulterior of most of tho lock-ups in-the neighbourhood , declares that , in order to-prove _tliiit--hg is a Good Brick , lie will furnish anyone withtales * as . long as they will find "lush ; " and this is the-person to whom "B . " refers all _who-may-waiit tc know anything about our present condition or future prospects . ' ; Sir , such being thc . _clias-actei-. of one-of your correspondents , no wondei-that it was thought ; " that many would be disposed- to doubt the . vunicitiy of his statements , " and therefore we have Ms * .. II . Bradbury valiantly coming to tlie rescue , and . he , as well as "B , " was so charmed , with the beauty of the

      surrounding scenery , _aiuLthe general appearance of the Estate , that they beih . bocnme absolutely poetic . Mr . Bradbury has not hesitated to saeritice truth for tlie sake of a liiielY . rounded period .. If , as he states , Tawes ' s check was-wan ,, it is the result of his former occupation in tho unhealthy fiietorics of Nottingham , and not the result of the pure air of O' Coniiorville ; and tho best answer to ibis question is the concurrent _testiiin-ny . of all who . knew hini . 011 ilis arrival , as to his-vastly improved personal _appearance , and his own declaration ,, that ho never enjoyed bcttei : health or was more contented in ' his mind ; his- children , lie also declares _, are strong and hearty ,, the pictures of . viuidy health , and with tlie exception , of the one who had tlie fever , they have all cujpycd better health than they ever did at Nottingham ; . '" their * a- ; t , _u and careworn checks , aud heavy languid _glaueei ; , " existing only in the _imagination of their poetic visitor , who must _Ivavg been thiukiusr _. cf their funiieu condition .

      when they were tlie slaves of those - jetty tyrants who lord it over the children in the tuctories _, and not of their present _psoud state , as the children of an independent _Unglish . labourer ,, who , like the rest of us , call no man " master , and trust hy a judicious application of our energies , to the cultivatum of tiie soil , to be enabled to convince our fellow working men that the means of their redemption U * in their own hands wheiiover they like to turn their attention to the obtaining the possession of the Land . But both Bradbury and " B ., " in the depth of their sympathy for what they aro pleased- to call Tawes ' s destitute state , wilfully keep wit of sight the fact , tliat before he came here to lie a " victim to O'Connor ' s perverse wickedness , " such was his prosperous condition , that for months ho had been au Inmate ofa poor law bastile , whero the food henow enjoys would have been considered a positive luxury ' ; but it did not suit their purpose to mention this .

      It is true , as stated by Mr . Lambouvne , that owing to thc dearnoss ot * provisions on our- iivst arrival . and the failure of the potato crop , both years we have had many difficulties to encounter ; and where is the working man or tradesman who c _* m say he has passed over the last two years without _difth-ulty ? but he did not say , neither is it true , thai persons with families will not be able to get a living here : we believe the revoi-. se to bo the case . Mr . Bradbury says , lie " was _surprised to know how Mr . House had subsisted for two years , if he had not received any remuneration for his labour ; " thus trying to put a false construction on his saying that "he had not derived any proSt " —tliat is , had not got more than he could by day labour , and he omitted that Mr . Ilouse said , when he went out to work ho was obliged to partly neglect his own allotment ; so away fly nil Mr . Bradbury ' s comparisons and inferences when brought to the touchstone of truth .

      In conclusion , we would recall to his mind the statements made by hiin at a public meeting held here during his stay , when he stated on the platform that it far surpassed all his preconceived ideas on the question , and that the height- of his ambition would be to live and die on such a spot . and in _sugIi company , and that his latest aspirations Should be for the welfare ot its founders ; and this , be it remembered , on tho third day ot his sojourn amongst us and after the interviews with the schoolmaster and Tawos , so pathetically described . Let any unprejudiced person _compiv this statement made iu the presence of the ... !• - ties , with his letter to a newspaper that he knesv we did not usually see , and they will have r . t * hesitation which ta believe . Finall y , wo shrdl b . glad for those still ia doubt to visit us , and jud' ; , - t ' or themselves , as although wc are often amiwv . i by

      the impertinent questions of some parties , we are at all times glad to give any information to persous desirous of knowing the truth , in order that they may improve- tbe condition of the- _wi-kit--- _* classes . ThU our _experience teaches t _^ ' can be best _aceompUslied l > y their location on the land , even though they should have to encounter thj _difficulties stated by Bradshaw and E . to be tlio lot of Thomas Mkrrick / Jons L . vMaoutt . _\* K , Richard Aviso * * * , Sarah Heato * - _* , Gkorgk Pocock , William Hou-hJ , Charles Tawes , Bj : njax « x Kxott , Thomas Marti . v Wheelkr . Thomas _Irrlwd _, Chairman ofa public meeting of the allottees . George " _iYm _, Wheeler , _&©<; . O'Connorville , June _20 tli , l 84 « .

      Tup. "Fren-Ch Expedu'icu To Home Has Alr...

      Tup . _"Fren-ch expedU ' icu to _Home has _alroady s 0 £ 1 , 000 , 000 sterling ,

      Not X * , ''I - Al. ?\ - " ^ , ' , , - :...

      not X * , _''I - al . ?\ - " _^ , ' _, _, - :- ; v - _^ " - a ot % in " . ' _v OS _* _* * li si HI re X > b _^ . _AjSP _* _>*" - _* -- ' _-.-.- _- _-- \''' i _$ _2 I' *'; ' - ' ¦ : M _/ _s mm ¦ _Av i I 1

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), June 30, 1849, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_30061849/page/1/