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    • TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTIST*.
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      To The Imperial Chartist*.

      TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTIST * .

      5ft 5ft Dear Fhiksds, - There Is No Circ...

      5 ft 5 ft Dear _Fhiksds _, - There is no _circus . ™ - _KuicVuicusomaiilfetly proves the fold _* f ° _" _^ _inlet-iples have taken upon men ' s minds , than ' "V * _Mtthlt _wecan now _d-senss ed * all the _^ of our _nadroacMnery without creating suspicion inour _^ ran . _llnoUnonscveral occasions I _tave'iot ; _^* g _» th e _jerfperfonuanee of a duty which I felt vouldb nng nie _M » _L _> r _^ _umon mtlisomc of the best men iu our ranks

      [ shl shall now allude more especially to my proposition in tin the _Convention of 1 S 12 , to the effect that the _Selection of an Executive by the Convention _vk _* a moimore democratic mode , a more wholesome , a moie safesafeand satisfactory mode , than that now m practice fee . I stated my reasons then , because the present mot mode gave _rbe to unwholesome agitation , to local ait canvass of fitness , to local jealousies , partisanship am and _invariable ended , to local squabbles and

      _dispu putes . . It is the dutv of every man to guard against every pn probability , or even chance , of creating dissension in ou our ranks ; and although I received a vote of censo sure from my London constituents for supporting my 01 own views upon this subject in the Convention that _m met at Manchester in 1843 , nevertheless , nnscared b _, bj the threat of the repetition of such , or more cxfc tensive censure , duty to the cause , to you , to myself , s ; and to every succeeding Executive , prompts me to 1 fa y my candid impression before you . _F ' rsf . v—It Is indispensable that the Executive

      ( Committee ofthe Chartist Association should possess t the undivided confidence of the whole body . Secondly—It is all-important that they should be s so elected as to carry the conviction to every man ' s i mind that they have been elected for their fitness , i and without umlae partiality _aeojiired by seasonable _i and interested agitation _. As to tke first then , so long as you have a divided election , as now , yon will have antagonist feelings _enlistwl on behalf of favourite candidates in the several

      localities . You wiUnot have , you cannotpossiblyhave , the several claimants for your support so placed before yon as to enable you to judge of their capacity , their ability , and fitness . A _knowledge of detail , an aptitude for business , are more necessary qualifications than eloquence and professed _zsal . You cau only judge of the latter qualifications—you cannot judge of the former from a mere public harangue ; and , therefore , it is impossible for yon , upon no better scrutiny , to select wisely or judge impartially .

      "Sow for my second head . If under the present system Manchester and the north vote one way , and London and the south rote another way , It Is impossible , wholly impossible , so to amalgamate this contrariety ef feeling as not to leave some rankling fibres that will grow into local disaffection , if not distrust ; in which case the Executive cannot possess tha undivided confidence of the body . Upon the other land , one locality expresses avast preference for a candidate , who upon being subjected to the only ordeal capable of judging , the Annual Convention , proves himself unfit for the duties of the office

      imposed upon him by that locality , in that case the Convention takes fire , imbibes the feelings of distrust , and very properly communicates that distrust to tbe several localities from whence the _delegates come . At any moment the whole body may be jeopardised and endangered bj the rashness , the folly , or the treachery of its Executive Committee ; upaiitue other hand , when , you electa Convention , we must presume that that Convention possesses sufficient ef yotir confidence to vote in such a way as would ensure the success of your principles , the safety of your cause , and your protection against the wiles of the law .

      In all matters , save that which involves the very greatest risk , yon give them uncontrolled poweryon allow them , and properly so , so to alter and amend the rules as ia bring them within the compass ef the existing necessities . This is one of their chief , indeed their almost only duty ; and yet , after having conferred this power upon them , and when they have modelled your constitution according to existing circumstances , you deny them the indispensable light , the useful power , of saying who are best qualified te carry your delegates' opinions into effect . 2 vow , some men , whe profess to be better democrats than _Feaigus O'Connor , would urge the modeof electing the American President in favour of the present svitem .

      My friends , in the first place , there is no parallel , cone whatever ; and in the second place , if there is one drcumstance more than another which tends to create party feuds in America , it is the present system of electing a President . And what is of stiil _greaUir importance , it has this evil tendency—it strips the Congress of its dearest right , and it considerably reduces the value of the elective franchise in the mind of every elector . "Now , if the Congress had the power of electing the President , the electors would attach infinitely more importance to their votes , while the contest out of doors would at once subside , and the whole people , as well as those who represented them , would feel much more confidence iu the first masistrate . Our Conventions are elected hy

      Universal SnfiWe . IVe are trying to inspire confidence in a Parliament elected by the whole people , and how can ycuso unequivocally establish thatconfidenceas by proving that you can trust them ? Indeed , the withholding this power is a proof of your want of confidence ; while 1 will now shew you that it would be impossible for yonr delegates to abuse that power . You surely ore not mad enough to suppose that any delegate would vote for a bad or incapable man , or one who was not trustworthy ; and which , after having sat together , transacting business for a month , a fortnight , or a week , do jou think , the Con vention who had watched , or a _constituency that had merely _listened , would be the most competent _judses in sack case ?

      I will now take another view—yon should be desirous of attaching pride , honour , and distinction to the office of Executive Committee-man—aud for myself , I may truly say that I would not feel half the pride , naif the honour , or half the distinction in being unanimously elected , nnder the present sv _* - tem , that I would feel in being elected by a smaii majority of the Convention . Now , those who are apt to canvass my views critically , and to talk fiamingly , I don ' t say unpretendingly , about their love of democracy , must in fairness and justness allow me to have my own notions upon the subject . It has been very much the fashion to charge me with

      being a dictator , but that folly , I rejoice to think , has gone out of fashion of late , and for this simple reason , because I always claim the most minute and searching canvass for everything that I propose , and I invariably act according to the decision of the majority . I wish the Executive to stand npon tenable , fair , intelligible , impartial , and honourable grounds . I wish , to see them possessing the undivided confidence of the whole body . I desire more now , if possible , than ever to see union , confidence , and harmony reign in our ranks . I desire to see every cause of quarrel , irritation , or strife , for ever banished ; and above all . I desire to see the disaffected disarmed

      of every cause and pretext for quarrel or dissatisfaction . Of course these are merely my own opinions , perhaps some part participated in hy my brothers of the Executive , while I feel assured that they will be ever ready to give their support to any proposition which is calculated to give stability and respect to our cause ; and I feel equally confident that they , or any others chosen in our place , would reject an office to which they bad not been elected in the most creditable , honourable , and unsuspicious manner . If they ¦ lifter from me in opinion , of which I ; _on not aware , they will concede to me that right which , as an individual , I am always ready to concede to others . In my opinion , the very latt duty to be performed bv

      the Annual Convention should be , that of electing an Executive to carry out the mode uf _agitation , and the plans laid down by the body . I thitk it should be the last work , because the longest possible period fehould be allowed to judge of the capacity of the several candidates . Upon the oilier band , 1 thiuk thec _« ustry _Ehjuld nominate the candidates for the office . 1 have written this letter , not mere for the purpose of leiterating my frequently expressed _opinions , than in tlie hope , and with _, the view of _setting at rest an ill-fceung which is spreading upou this subject . I trust , therefore , that aU who read my letter will read it cautiously and carefully , and , however ihej may differ from mc in opinion , that thev will express that oninion as boldly and

      _asresp-tltulh * as I have expressed mine . I remain , my dear friei * . ~ s _, Tour ever _fsklifu ! friend , _]¦" . :. » _niscs _O'CoSXCE

      And National Teams' Journal. — ¦ ——¦ ^^^...

      AND NATIONAL TEAMS' JOURNAL . — ¦ ——¦ _^^^ | _^^——^———————— 11 I . .. 1— n i-1 ___„_

      Vol. X. No. 437- London, Saturday, March...

      VOL . X . NO . 437- LONDON , SATURDAY , MARCH 28 , 1846 . _^ _. _i , _^ ::, _^™^ ¦ ¦ _ ¦ » - ; . .- .. . _Bttc _Wf _tHIutgH anil _Si _. vn < sicc < : <|;; : u SCI-

      Great Public Meeting Of The Friends Of P...

      GREAT PUBLIC MEETING OF THE FRIENDS OF POLAND . On Wednesday evening , March 25 th , a publie meeting of the friends of Polaud was held at the Crown and Anchor , Strand , for the purpose , as announced iu the bills , of " evincing sympathy with the Poles in their present strugg le for freedom . The meeting , which was called nnder the auspices of the "Democratic Committee of the Friends of Poland , " was verv numerously attended . _Notwithstanding the very " unfavourable state of the weather , the lar _^ c hall was densely crowded in every part , chieflv by persons of the working class , among whom were a sprinkling of the fair sex . On the platform we noticed many distinguished democrats , comprising patriots belonging to most of the European States , particularly Polish , French , and German . Oh the motion of Fkarccs 0 _'Co . v . vor , Esq ., the chair was taken , at eight o'clock , by Mr . llnlip . M'Gratha working man .

      , ... The _Chah-mas , after reading the bill convening the meeting , called on Mr . Harney , the secretary , to report the replies received in answer to invitations sent to public men to attend the meeting . Mr . _IIabsbt reported tbat the committee had , in the first instance , applied by deputation to T . S . Duncombe , M . P ., to lake the chair . . Mr . Duncombe had answered tbat he had engagements for that evening which would prevent him taking tlie chair , but he would try to attend some time in the course of the evening , and take part in the proceedings . ( Cheers ) Sir Be L _* _icy Evans , M . P ., was next applied to . He answered the deputation , that he knew

      nothing of the present state of the Polish question , and declined attending the meeting . ( Disapprobation . ) T . "Wakley , M . P ., was next waited upon , and replied to the deputation that ha was already engaged to take the chair on that evening at another meeting . He , however , sympathised with the Pules , and would , if possible , come to the meeting some time in the course of the evening . ( Applause . ) Besides those three gentlemen , letters had been addressed to nearly thirty publie characters , only a small number ofVhoni had deigned to reply to the letters sent to them . Mr . Harney then read the Mowing letters : —

      "Ilouseof Commons , March 33 rd , 1816 . " Dear Sir , —I have had an engagement of long standing for Wednesday , and yours is the second invitation to take the chair for that evening , wliich I have been compelled to refuse . _*** Yours , very obediently , 'Jons Bowrixo . "G . J . Harney . " " I _' . S . I am much disposed to doubt whether a demonstration at this juncture would aid the Polish cause . " [ The latter portion of this letter called forth _expressions of disapprobation . ] " 3 i , St . James _' s-place , Tuesday , March 24 th , 1 S 46 .

      " Sir . —I have had the honour to receive your letter of the 23 rd inst ., inviting me in the name of the Democratic Committee of tlie Friends of Poland to a meeting , to 5 c held to-morrow evening , at the Crown and Anchor Tavern , for the purpose of a public demonstration in support ofthe cause of Polish liberty . " I am always gratified by any proofs of interest in the cause of Poland , but having very fully , and very anxiously considered the subject , I am not of opinion that any attempt to elicit the expression of public sympathy for the Poles is likely to be advantageous to them at the present moment . " 1 have the honour to be , sir , " Y _» ur obedient servant , _"DnnLET Cociis Stuart .

      " George Julian Harney . [ This letter was received by the meeting with manilestations of dissatisfaction and censure . ] " Bryanstone- _^ _quare , March 24 . " Sir , —I have reeeived your letter of yesterday requesting my attendance at a public meeting to be held to-morrow evening , March 25 tb , in support of the cause of Polish liberty . ' Although I wish success to the cause of liberty in every country , and nowhere more than in Poland , to reward the renewed efforts of its gallant people , yet , on thic eccasion , I regret that an imperative engage ment must prevent my giving personally the attendance and assistance you request at the demonstration about to be made in their favour . " I remain , sir , your obedient servant , "JOSBPII ilCMB . "George J . Harney , Honorary Secretary . " [ Approbation . ] "Tuesday Evening .

      " Sir , —Tour invitation reached me so late , tbat I do not feel quite assured whether I will be able or not to get free in time from some other previous engagements . I will certainly do my best to attend , bnt should I not succeed , I still will join you inspirit and with fulness of sympathy for your praiseworthy efforts . The cause of Poland is a sacred one—sacred from its imperishable rights—from its importance in the movement of the Slavonic race—from services paid Jong _vgo to ungrateful Europe , threatened by Mahommedan invasion—from the brave deeds and martyr-sufferings of its devotees—from the unparalleled wickedness and atrocities of its crowned enemies . There may be , amongst the friends of liberty and progression , divergencies about political forms or social systems . There must be only one feeling about the rights of Poland and the iniquities of her oppressors ; and this feeling , now subdued in

      many of vonr countrymen to a cowardly silence by a deplorable want of faith and by secondary expediency-worshipping considerations , but still living within the heart of every honest man , will ultimately conquer . They may sign _ukases , __ pour armies upsu armies ; suppress , for a while , insurrections ; sot prices—from the metropolis of the European China . _Visnna , which was saved some two hundred years ago by tha Polish _Sobiesfci—prices of ten or fifteen florins on each patriot ' s head , but , depend npon it , sir , they will not succeed . They may persecute , but ihey must tremble . They may kill men , individuals , but not the thought . The thought is unconquerable , everlasting : diamond-like , it emits light at every blow . The land , which gave us the first discoverer of the earth ' s motion , Copernicus , will not , and shall not , be _condemned to perpetual slavery aud immobility .

      I am , sir , jour most obedient servant , "Joswh Mazzisi . "JOS , High Holborn . " [ This letter elicited repeated demonstrations of sympathy and approbation . ] " Tlie Secretary read a somewhat lengthy letter from W . _Horritt , Esq ., in whieh the writer apologised for _non-attendance , on the ground that he had been compelled to adopt a rule not to attend public meetings , contenting himself with advocating the cause ol liberty with his pen . The writer added , that bavin _?

      _redded some years on the continent , and studied the state of things there , he felt not surer of the rising of tbe morrow ' s gun , than he did that the day would come when the people of Poland , Franca , Italy , and Germany , would punish their tyrants for the treachery and cruelty with which those tyrants had rewarded the services and sacrifices of the people . The writer expressed his ardent _sympathy with the Polish cause , aud best wishes for the success of the meeting- This letter was responded to by repeated bursts of applause .

      The Ciiairjux said—Ladies and gentlemen , you will , I trust , give me credit for sincerity when J assure von that words would fail me if I endeavoured to express inj sense of the high honour that you have conferred upon me in placing me in this proud situation this evening—I return you my cordial thanks . I regret much that the uncompromising champion of man ' s rights , Thomas Duncombe , is not here to occupy this position . We have assembled here for the purpose of performing , not an act of grace , not an act of charity—we have assembled here this evening for the performance of au absolute duty . We have assembled here this evening for the purpose cf expressing our sympathy for the purpose of affording oar pecuniary aid , to assist the _struggli _' iia

      people from those manacles with which tfcey have been oppressed for the last century . Poland is in _arms—rsland is struggling for the achievement of its right * _t-Poland is struggling against three of tinmost _tyrannical governments with which Europe at present is _rjired . 1 consider it the imperative duty of every Srse Briton to yield them ali the support it * his _jKiwer . Friends , there is not , I believe , a spot upon the fan il God ' s earth where such gross tyranny has been practised as there has been in Poland , li is , in fact , made the foitstool of Prussia , itussi _* ' . and Austria . The Poles are now struggling for tin purpose of relieving themselves from that despotism .

      Where is the man tbat will _n fuse them his sympathy—that will refuse theni his aid ? ( Cheers . ) Tou have heard the Jctteis read bv Mr . Harney _, tram these tetters , how apparent it is that wc cannot expect sympathy from the aristocra cy of this country . ' ( _Cle-irs . ) It must be from the working classes ol this country that support will be given . ( Cheers . ) If the aristocracy sympathise with any one it is with the tyrants , and with tyranny . ( Cheers . ) The Em . _pei-or of Russia came to visit our fair _jJiores to pol ¦ ut * its car soil . That monster , blackened with the _l-tTptiiyin , _!! of every fcmd of crime , was received ! ; 5 _t-.-t eord _.-aily by lYisee _Aik-rt- and our ¦ iraeiov . s _li'ieen . i hose lips , which never move but ~ for the

      Great Public Meeting Of The Friends Of P...

      purposes ol vengeance or oppression , were allowed to kiss the checko * Queen Victoria ! And when the autocrat went to Ascot races , aud played at snuffboxes with the aristocracy—the fair aristocracy of England—tkey raised loud acclaims in welcome ol liim . Poland is struggling for that in which you are all interested -, for if Poland is _succcs-f ul , its success will redound in every land of tiiis broad world . The movement in Poland is not a mere movement for nationality ; it would be possible to establish na tionality , and yet have despotism . The conveners of this meeting are for more than nationality . They are for those rights which the God of nature has

      destined for every man . ( Great cheering . ) That being the case , I hold the _PoleB as being entitled to tinsympathy of every man _throughout the length and breadth of tbis land . This glorious meeting will be the precursor of many othera ; I dohopethat wcshnli have many others in _L- . ndon—they will not only b mefit tke cause of the Poles , but will also benefit the cause of Englishmen . This meeting will be the precursor of many more meotings on behalf of the Poles ; and such a cheer will be raised in their bohalf as , wafted on the breeze of heaven , will fan the flame of freedom in Poland , and in every nation in Europe . ( Great cheering . )

      Mr . Clark moved the following resolution : — That tiiis meeting , _recognising the eternal rule of right as tlie only just law of nations , _denounces the several partitions of l ' oland , and tlie auts of the Congress of Vienna relating to that country , as crimes . ot the blackest dye . And this meeting , holding that-kingly _brigandism , hoirevtr successful , iii still but wholesale robbery and murder , to be resisted and punished us such , recognises tbe right and duty of the Polish people to release themselves from the rule of their oppressors by any and every means at their command . This meeting , therefore , justifies the present insurrection in Poland , and invokes for the Polish patriots the sympathy and support ofthe British people .

      He said—Mr . Chairman , ladies , and gentlemen , I think the conveners of this meeting may congratulate themselves upon the magnificent answer you have given to the call they havo made . I think a _' s : > that it is exceedingly happy for us that the working men present are not members of _Parliament , otherwise their Jong standing and numerous engagements would preclude the possibility of their attending . ( Cheers and laughter . ) Iagree , Mr . Chairman , with tho sentimenteadvanced by yourself , thatif anything in England is done for Poland , it must be done bv tilt degraded working classes of tbis country . The cause for whicli the Poles are now struggling is the cause of the working classes all over the world . ( Cheers . ) I agree with the resolution where it says that kiuglj

      brigandism , however successful , is but wholesale robbery . I am net going to say that the kings ol England have been robbers . I should uot like to stand in the way as a _libelier , though I am a ' . rare that the nearer we come to the truth , the nearer we come to the character ofa libeller . Austria and Prussia , not content with being robbers , are become absolute murderers . We very frequently see our moral law exhibited in Newgate . The murderer , if a poor man , is hung for the improvement of the morals of the people : while , if the murderer be a rich man , having fought a dtiel , he is set at liberty . I recognise no difference between a murderer and tlie king , who takes tint lives of thousands at a time . The Emperor of Rm-sia was received with great

      courtesy at our court ; but , thank God , that teeling was uot _participated in by the working _clashes . 1 am informed that the greatest caution was taken to keep the Emperor of _Rui-sia from the sight of till working elasscs ; and 1 am surprised that the sight so odious in the eyes of the working men , should be thought a tit sight for the fair daughters ol" the aristocracy . The time may come when members of Parliament will think themselves honoured by the presence of the working men of England . The time may come when the working wen of England may use tfteir strength—I do not mean to say tbat they should use their strength in the same way as Poland , for there are better means to employ iu England than they have in Poland . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . )

      Some say this is not the time tor Poland to arise . Despotism never believes it to be the time for Justice to arise and resist wrong . The same answer is always given to the working classes of England when they seek to be represented in the IIoumj of Commons—that it is not the time . 1 maintain , however , that it is always the time to express truth and to perform a just act ; aud the Polesare doing not only an act of justice to themselves , but an act of common humaivty to those who will come alter them . I understand that upwards of 100 , 000 francs have been raised in France to assist the people of Poland ia their _elwrious struggle . I think the course for the people of England now is to express their opinions , lt i _* our duty to express our approval of this movement , ond let the world see that we are not silent . Thfc

      despotic governments of Europe are not _governments ofthe people , they are the governments of tlte aristocracy . ( Cheers ;) I feel great pleasure in moving tue resolution . Mr . Wheelkr said—Mr . Chairman , it is with feelings of great pleasure Isccond this resolution . It expresses my sentiments , and has my most unqualified approbation . I hold , sir , that the dismemberment of * Polaud by the governments of Austria , Russia , and Prussia , to be among the blackest acts of injustice , and the greatest infractions of the rights oi nations ever committed ; they were acts which will stamp the perpetrators of them with eternal infamy ; they will remain a stain upon the history of those countries when Poland shall have risen far above them in the scale of moral and political power .

      ( Cheers . ) I hold witn the resolution , that kingly brigandism is wholesale robbery and murder . The powers of Austria , Prussia , and Russia , have destroyed Pol-aid , and almost blotted her out of the scale of nations , and scattered her _elrildn-i _) to the four quarters of the globe . They have inflicted every crime upon tbe inhabitants of Poland which a despotic government can inflict on an unhappy people . Is there an Englishman—is ( here a Democrat hero , who does not plead the most fervent aspirations and prayers for her success in hor present struggle '{ ( Cheers . ) Let l ' oland be a free aud a happy republic , and soon would a change come over the face ot European affairs ; wc should have Poland caliinj ;

      upon Italy , Italy upon France , and _Irauce upon England ; and I think England and Ireland woultl not be backward in the general agitation . ( Cheers . ) What if they fail ?—there is more glory in going forth and dying in defence of our country ' s rights and liberties , than a whole life ef mean and _truckling subserviency . ( Great cheering . ) But , my friends , Poiand has not yet failed—Poland is not a lost nation . ( Cheers . ) The blood which , tyrants mre _spiiliiNj in that unhappy country will bring forth <¦ harvest of freedom . Tiie deeds of hor _oppressors will rise to the judgment seat of God—will speak with trumpet-tongue to tell of the woes of the Poles . Let us hope that Poland will soon experience that happy change she so richly deserves . ( Great _cheerinff . )

      Mr . O Cossor , who was received with great , cheering , said—Mr . Chairman and friends , 1 think that when the members of Parliament read of the proceedings to-night , they will have reascn to congratulate themselves upon their absence , for tlieir speeches would have shown SHch a contrast with the eloquence wc have heard from working men , and the eloquence which is yet in _storo , that they would suffer much by the comparison . We hare heard that this is not the time to express sympathy with Poland . 1 wish to know when that time will arrive ? ( Cries of " Never . " ) I suspect it will arrive on Tib's eve , whic ' _-i is neither the day before nor the day after Christmas . ( Laughter . ) I maintain tbat this is not only the time , but the very

      time . Would to God , England and Ireland had been previously cognizant of the intentions of Polaud , and if repeating it , whispering !! , sighing it , would have damaged tbe cause , I am sure the working classes might safely have been intrusted with the secret . ( Cheers . ) lt such an eveut could have been anticipated , we might have been able to render them better aid than now . ( Ch « R _« . ) Even yet it is not too late . This is not the time!—is it not ? Ah ! the aristocracy cannot serve two masters—they could not smile on the tyrant who visited our shores and tin u sympathise with the Poles when they attempted to tbrow off his despotism and tyranny . _Thc'ir ' s ' . ocracy have an interest in suppressing liberty in Poland , for i ) it were restored there , there would be some fears ' lor the stability of oligarchical tyranny in _England . The aristocracy received the tyrant ' s favours from the Queen , who got a smack of ' his fair lips , down to

      ihe policeman who got a diamond ring . Thank God , be was obliged to apply to the police for protection for him ? elf when iu England . ( _Tn-metidous cheering . ) He took care that his visit should be celebrated every year by giving a cup to be run for at Ascot races . _Whitf a glorious aristocracy Ml ' have!—what sympathetic patriots ! They arc ready to give their sympathy to the Poles , when tlie Poles bend and crouch under tyranny , but when they rise up for freedom , they exclaim , " This is notlhe time !" I Cheers . ) Who is there that has not read with tears in iiis eyes of the transactions that have recently taken p ! _'" _* in _I'oliinii ? Good God ! what is so glorious _v- _si-iht as a nation rising t '; .-i- _l-bci ty ? ( Great _rlllTl-in _^ . ) ' f _" _IJKlilt Of Amlr ' a placed _anns in the bauds of the i ' _oi _^ ' i peasantry , and tendered tin nt _liir-ic b _' . _iiii-s , to m-rdcr the _p-midic _kuit'i-s of ihe allaatinsurgents . Bullet tkun beware' Tliey

      Great Public Meeting Of The Friends Of P...

      cannot recall those arms ; and the peasants _having accomplished the _dedgus of their brutal employers , will find out their error , and take ample vengeanceon the tyrants , and at this same time put an end to their own slavery . ( Tremendous cheering . ) Notwithstanding what the ba > e press of Russia and Austria , stye , aud even the b ; ise press of England , may say , the revolution is not extinguished , subdued , or put down . ( _Applansf . ) Tlie press h ; is been called the fourth estate ; but , thank God , it has been _succeeded by a tilth estate—publie opinion , move powerful than itself . ( Cheers . ) I have never flattered the press , for a more base , servile , truckling , corrupt , and perfidious press , I have never known in any country in the world . ( Loud cheers . ) I am sure that the gentlemen connected with tho press who are present will feel that they receive much mote than a compensation for r » y opinion of the several

      organs tliey represent , in being permitted to attend this meeting , where they hear something very different from the thrice-told tales in the i 4 d twaddliuy Housc of Commons . ( Laughter . ) The resolution recognises the right of Poland to rise when opportunity presents itself , and God forbid 1 should be one who would say to a nation ' struggling for liberty , " Strike no blow ; though your lives and liberties are in danger ; " ( Ilc ' aV , hear . ) ' I hope that England will never be placed in the same situation ; that national opinion will be _^ too powerful for tyranny . ( Hear . ) Our duty is , to march onward until the public voice shall have level . _' cd the thrones of tyranny with the dust , and erected on the ruins the temple of liberty . ( Cheers . ) There was novel'a struggle yet that did not occasion suffering and sacrifice , but even though patriots were _dtstvuved their causo must succeed : —

      " They never fail who die ui a great cause ; The block may teak their gore , _Tlu-ir heads may sodden in the sun , Their limbs be strung to city gates r _. nd castle walls , — Years may elapse , and others _slmrc as dark u doom , But stili _tlnnr spirits walk abroad And serre to augment the deep and _sx-eepiag thought ! Which overpower all others , imd conduct The world at last to freedom . " ( Great cheering . ) The resolution was carried unanimously , as wer * all the resolutions . Mr . G . Julias Hakxey moved the second resolu tion _: —

      _ThaUhismeetrng , being _convmct-u that a state of society which recognises privileged aud unpririlegod classes—the fornjer enjoying tlie advantages of tho social state , _unii the later guftVring ; its burthens—is the great cause of the calamities afflicting the mass of mankind—white demanding the complete restoration of' the nationality and independcut sovereignty of Foland , regards tlie accompanying reformation of Polish eocitty to be indispensable for the freedom and happiness ofthe Polish people . And _as the Cracow _inaiufvsto of the 23 rd of _February , 1846 , proclaiming the abolition of all class distinctions , and tlte commencement of the equal political mid social brotherhood of all Poles , embodies our views of political and social justice , this meeting-recognises _thefnid manifesto as the basis of Polish action , and entitled to tlia support of the people of al 1 nations ,

      He suid—Mr . Chairman , citizens , and brothers , we have met this evening to perform a solemn duty , that of protesting against the injustice done to a brave and noblo people , and declaring our _sympathies with that people in thoir present struggle foi right . That this meeting is called by the Democratic party , and mainly composed of the Democratic party , is not our fault . We desired thai men possessing the influence which station and wealth commands should have taken the initiative in this movemeut . We waited for Lord Dudley Stuart aud his aristocratic friends taking the lead , but wo waited in vain . We looked to the Liberal members of tho House of Commons to set an example , and place themselves at the head of the popular

      manifestation m favour ol Poland , but wc have looked in vain . Hence we have been driven to speak for ourselves , to act for ourselves , nnd declare that we will not be answerable for the blood of Poland . ( Cheers . ) That if Poland is doomed again t ; i succumb beneath the blows of her tormentors , she will fall ' unaided , not because we have so willed it , but because we may not be able to prevent it . ( Applausc . ) You have heard the excuses sent by those who have replied to our letters of invitation . Strange to say , they have al ! engagements to attend to . I must say , that refined as the feelings of the higher classes are said to be , they feci not as I feel on this question , or they would hardly allow of any possible engagement or . circumstance preventing their

      attending here tins evening . ( Cheers . ) After the experience I have had during the last _fortnight of the cold-hearted indifference of the aristocratic and the " respectable" classes , 1 deeply regret that wedid not call this meeting a fortnight ago . ( llear , hear . ) The heartless _indilferencojwith which the aristocratic and middle classes have regarded this struggle ha _> been but too faithfully represented by the London press . The Morning Advertiser alone has exhibited anything like sympathy for our unfortunate brothers . The Times calumniated the Poles as " rebels , " ami dared to talk about the " rights" ofthe " three powers "—( hisses)—their only rights being such as robbers and brigands claimed . ( Cheers . ) The ultra-Tory papers , the Post and the Herald , hailed with a

      shout of exultation the re-occupation ot Cracow _b-, the Austrians . ( Shame . ) Tho Liberal journal * affected to pity tho Poles , aul talked about the time being ill-chosen . The Poles did not choose the time , the time wag chosen for tliem _, and forced upon them by the oppression of their tyrants . ( Cheers . ) Even the _Ddly News , which had grievously disappointed the friends of liberty , had indulged in sickiy _sentimeutalisms at a time when its editors skould have been putting forth all their strength to rouse public sympathy for the sustainmeiit of the Poles . 1 wish that the genteel liberals , who advise the Poles 10 wait , and always say , "this is not the time" —1 wish tliey had a taste of a Russian dungeon , or a Siberian mine , their svnipathies would be-

      wonderfully quickened * , they would noon think it was the time . " ( Cheers . ) The resolution I beg to propose is an important one . It enunciates the principles on which we base our sympathies for Poland . We recognise the nationality of Polaud . We demand the restoration of Poland's independentsovereignty ; but we also demand something more . We demand the political equality and social emancipation of the entire Polish people . ( Great cheering . ) A mere nationality revolution we could not sympathise with . A revolution that had for its objects the restoration of the old Polish system , under which the nobles were all , and the people nothing , we woultl not support . ( Applause ) A revolution that had for its object the placing of si certain Prince

      upon the Polish throne would be regarded by ns with aversion and hostility . ( Cheers . ) We arc neither King Adamites nor MaoAdamites . ( Cheers . ) Europe has been too long cursed with thrones and king ? . ( Great cheering and partial hisses . ) I understand those _hitses ; but I repeat it—Europe has been too long cursed with thrones and kings , and wo will not consent to add another dynasty to those at present existing . ( Enthusiastic cheering . ) Nor will we support » resolution for tho restoration of the Polish nobility to thoir privileges ; they ruined their country before . ( Hear , hear . ) There is a faction and a fraction ofthe Polish emigration who have nlcctetl Prince Czartoryski for their king ; these men have declared _thatthepresentsti-ui-gleisamerenationslity struggle ,

      and not for the purpose of establishing what they call " . wild theories of goTernment . " But I place against their declaration the Cracow manifesto , attested by the blood of the patriots in arms sacrificing themselves for their country . That manifesto declared that aristocracy must henceforth sink into the ranks of the people —( chews ) , —that the reign of privilege and class-distinctions must cease —( cheers ) , —that all the Poles should form one brotherhood of free and equal men —( cheers ) , —and that the land , which had been usurped by afew individuals , should become the property of the entire nation . ( Great cheering . ) Would to heaven , a people nearer home had as much sense . ( Cheers . ) Vie are ruled by the eoiiE of robbers , bnt no length of time can sanctity a wrong . ( Renewed cheers . ) The Times has raised against the Poles the cry that they have adopted " the horrible dwdrines i . f _Commnnisine . " No matter what they

      call the principles of the Cracow manifesto , they are the principles of the European Democracy . In this country , fifty years _a-o , the Reformers were slandered and persecuted as " Jacobins * in 1810 they were persecuted _»» " _Kadiculs ; " ft « d in 1 _WP he press made the name of Chartism odious , and the Cbarittto were hunted to death . ( Mr . 0 Count * : "No no" ) Some of them were hunted to death—( cheers )—and justice _should be had fw their deaths vet ( Renewed cheers . ) Now the Poles are denounced as Guniinuuists , and uuder that name are to Ik- , persecuted and destroyed . Wc must never more let the ' question of Polish iiherty sleep—we must this iii _« 'ht commence the organisation of a crusade which uustbc kept up until wc havo overthrown the op . piessors of Poland , and established the independence , free < i <> ui , equality , aud happiness of her children . ( Great applause . )

      Air . C . Doyle , in seconding the resolution , dwelt « n " the abolition cf class distinctions" proclaimed bv the Craeow manifesto . That meant - ' no _aristoi-racv , and no Kingcraft ; " ami it would bo well for the _uuivci'fc if _ilirattcs am ! kings were annihilated ( imiiicusu _cheerin-i)—that is their power , not ihuii

      Great Public Meeting Of The Friends Of P...

      persons , because they are too contemptible _oenerallv speaking , to be meddled with . ( A laugh . ) * " The privileged classes of every country , commoniv culled the aristocracy , have only kepe pace as robbery increased . We have always found the _huni _belum-iim to thu people laken by the robbing few . _Priviic-e ' Why should there be such a wotd in our vocabulary ? I hate it . What virtue is there iu privilege ? Do we sec it in the Ilouse of Lords , or in the i % _« sc of Commons ? What talent do we find there ? If there is virtue in robbery , then it is a common thing among the aristocracy . The Poles havo been cursed with the privileged classes of Austria , Russia , and _I'l-us- 'ia ; and in their recent manifesto they cried out it

      _against , claiming equality for all men as brothers , so that they might , be socially and politically happy . They declared that the land which God made was the common property of the human family . ( Cheers . ) la that a wild theory ? Is that robbery ? ihen I wish to God the whole world were robbers I hate injustice of any kind , and will struggle morally against it in this country ; but if 1 were in Poland , where liberty of speech is denied , the _fu-.-t weapon I could grasp Iwouldseizj upon toanniliilalc every monster that blackened the soil of my country . ( Loud cheering . ) Is it a wild theory to preach God ' s law and the law ot nature ? For 1 deny that there is any aristocrat who can show inu an honest title to the land he possesses — he got it either through the cunning or physical force of his

      fathers . With these views , was it to bo expected that » noble people like the Poles would go to Hill ' only to be made serfs on the soil , and to be subjected to the curse of Icings ? ( Cheers . ) ] cali upon live working men never to light unless it is lor liberty . ( Cheers . ) God speed the Poles ! ( Great cheering . ) Eternal annihilation to their enemies ! ( Cheers . ) Is that sedition 1 No . Is it treason ? No . The democrats believe that God made tho land , ami that in its natural state it is the common property of the whsic human family . If , then , it is taken from the _lWAJwit _* - of this people by force , arc they not entitled to resume it _wiiwmver the opportunity occurs ? ( Cheering . ) 1 hold , then , tlie manifesto of the Poles to bu a great and glorious one , and 1 wish' to see such a manifesto emanate from

      every people on the face of the globe . ( Great cheering . ) The Ciuiniu » said—I have much pleasure in calling ou our German friend and brother , My . Charles Schapper , to speak to this resolution . ( Cheer * . ) Mr . _SciMPWiB said—I beg to sav a lew words expressive of my sympathy with the * cause of Poland , which I regard as the cause of Europe and of the whole civilised world . ( Cheew . ) Poland and Italy , the two nations at present most oppressed , and deprived of their political existence , ' ought , to receive the thanks of Euro- e , because , when the barbarians were under the walls of Vienna , the heroic sous of Poland came to the aid of the house of JIapsburg , which , but for the aid of that noble people , _wouFil not now have been on the throne of Austria .

      ( Cheers . ) And ihumc to the house of Hapsburg for the manner in which they have requited the people of Polnnd . ( Cheers . ) Italy , too , which twice gave _civiiiiiuion to the world , is pressed and trodden down by ' _. \\\ se she civilised . But it is now time that every honest man , to whatever nation he may belong , should r . use his voice and declare that no longer would he associate with the tyrants of those two nations . ( Cheers . ) Though our fathers permitted a base action , that is no reason win their children sh- uld tolerate the foul actors . ( Hear . ) Noble , generous France , has not forgotten the generous _seiiiiinents site uttered in 1792- for the people of that country have come forward and expressed themselves nobly in behalf of Poland . In the

      Chamber of Peers tlie most generous sentiments have been uttered for Poland ; 200 francs have been subscribed by the invalids ofthe Bic 6 tre towards the sacred cause ; and a noble-minded patriot , Armand Barbos , condemned to imprisonment for life for his noblo efforts to free his country , has addressed a letter of sympathy to the friends of Poland , and subscribed 100 francs towards their aid , besides the promise of ten francs a month so long as the struggle continues . From Germany yon do not hear much , but be assured trat Germany sympathises ardently with Poland . The Germans know by experience how hard it is to be oppressed by a foreign tyrant , how bard it is for a civilised nation to be deprived of the rights which they deserve . The Germans arc not allowed to hold public mtctiRgs , as in "England ; wherevei

      ten men assemble together , there spies aresoitt to see what is done by them , and even servants are induced to betray the secrets of their masters , and tell ' the government if they are against them or not . ( Cries of " . Shame ! " ) There is no free press in Germany ; for everything favourable to the cause of the people is put down by the censor . The Kings and Prince ? of Germany , when they Jay prostrate at tho feet of Napoleon , appealed to the people , and promised to to give them the liberty of the press , trial by jury , and other privileges , if they assisted them . Tho people did assist them , but- as soon as "Napoleon was driven out of the country , these king-princes did nothing for the people ; they even threw men into prison for reminding them of their promises . But ue could tell tliose kings ' and princes tniit a tuition of

      36 , 000 , 000 of inhabitants would not quietly submit to oppression , especially when they saw France and _lingiand free . ( Cheers . ) The Germans will be fr ee ; and when they are free , the first uso they will make of their liberty will be to restore to Poland and Italy those provinces of wliich they have been robbed . ( Great cheering . ) Allow me also to say a few words about the Cracow manifesto . This is trulv it noble ' manifesto —( _eheci-s ) , —and the Polish youth have understood the spirit of the nineteenth , century , whi : h is the spirit of democracy . ( Cheers . ) They will not fight for a l ' oland for Prince Czartoryski , but for a Poland whicli belongs to Poles ; for a Poland in which all enjoy equal political and social rights . ( Great cheering . ) Yes . the lore of liberty

      and , equality prevails everywhere—but liberty and equality are goods too valuable , too great , to bo easily obtained , It we wish to obtain those goods we must enlighten the people ; we must free their minds from ignorance aud superstition , for these arc our greatest enemies ; and when once the pcoplehave joined moral force to the physical force which they already possess , there will be ho power on earth which can resist their just claims . I beg leave to conclude with the most earnest and ardent wish that Poland and Italy may soon be restored to their political existence and independence , and then I am convinced that these two countries will nobly assist the people in the great struggle for the political and social regeneration of Europe—of humanity . ( Cheers . ) AirivItiDLKV

      . . addressed tlte meeting in support of tke motion , which was carried . . Mr . LlNlox moved tho next resolution and petition ;—That a petition be addressed to the British Parlia . nunt , requesting the intervention of ihe _Jiritisii gorernniont in support of the restoration of 1 ' _olinh nationality and freedom , nnd that thu iolioiving be the petition : — To th * _iToiioitr « 6 "« tiie Commons of Great Britain and Ireland , in Parliament _asmmbleti . The petition of a public meeting , holden at the _Cron-n ami Anchor _Turern , Strand , this 115 th day of March , 184 _C , SlicWBth , —That your petitioners regard with just and unfaltering _abkorenct- the great political and moral trimy known as " the _disnuuibtrmewt of Polimd . "

      Thet th _« several partitions ol l ' oland in the years 1773 , 1798 , anil 179 ( 1 , were «« _ts ot" unqualified robbciy mid muriler—crimeB visittd with the _Ecvmost punishments when committed hy private individuals—and your petitioners being unuble to excuse in kings and gorornmentii what they would condemn if practised by private iudividuulB , denounce the several puvtitimis of Poland accordingly . Xnd us no length of time can _suncviij a wrong , your petitioner * , in the strongest _possible _ti-riiig , « ondtmn thu nets of the _despotic _governniknts of _Husnia _, Austria , nnd l _' russin , at crimes ngninst humanity and worthy of eiwmnl reprobation .

      Thut the act of the _Cougros of Vienna , as regards Poland , your petitioners look upon as the fourth partition or" that unlinpjiy country , which partition ( jour petitioners blush to acknowledge * had the sanction of the British government , who , without profiling by the act , participated in its infamy . That , although your pctilionvrti repudiate tli » t \ cts of the Congress ot Vienna , h _« _y are want thut thu said acts wore and are _ruccgnised by the liriti » h government as bimliiie upon all th * go-T _« riim _

      things , guaranteed freedom of speech to tlw members of the Polish Diet , and the pul lication of their debates ; but in the year 1 S 21 the Tsar issued an ukase , orderingfirst , llii _; _ui'liberafuiiis of the Diet to bu in secret , and without ihe presence of the public ; second , that only sueh subjects should be discus ; til as were sir milted U > the D ' _wt by the government—the said government being tiie Kus .-iuu t ' tnperor . That tho Charter granted by the Emperor Alexander was _subsequently destroyed , and the Polish Diet suppressed by _thepu-seiil Ewp _. roi- Nicholas , why has violated every remaining right guaranteed to tim so-called " Kingdom of Poland" by the Congress ol Vienna , even to the entire _txtinction of the fvoiuiu _' birtwecn Poland and ltussia—thus reducing- the " hingiloin" _iornu-d by tbu Coiigrcsijof Viuniiu to a mere province of ihe Russian Empire .

      Great Public Meeting Of The Friends Of P...

      Tbat within Hie last few weeks the so-called "Free itepulilie oi Ciacow has b « eu _invaU ' vu . t . y i ; _u-. » ia >» and _riusu-iiinU-oops _, and the inhabitants _suhjictctt " to foreign military law , in violation of thu act ol the _Congitss of Yiemm , . 'hieh 06 tab ! isli ( . d ihe _Itepublic , anil youf . _pmitioutrs have siot , heard tii .-. t tiie . British government has remonstrated against the said _violation , or demanded tho withdrawn ) of the Itussinn and Austrian forces _. That your petitioners , rutieinbering the _gec-it wrong tlonc to tlie Polish people by the disu . emberu _^ ut of tlicis country , their aubjtction to the rule of _tsenii . barbaroui and anti-progressivegonrnn ! _eiit 6 , tht _uici-eilesf persesu * tion waged by the llussian government against the Polish

      peopie , the _thousands ot victims ol all classes who tiuv _* polished miserably by the bullet , the l _. ui . ut _, and _prisentui'tures ; the thousands who linger und suffer in tho _Russun mines and in Siberia , aud the many hundreds tvho wander in exile ; remembering tho ebiidi en torn from their mothers , the women flogged , the schools suppressed education falsified , _Iuugu-: _' , ' _* proscribed , religion eon , detuned , and the horrible _perssoutioii of _prices and nuns _—i-tniembering these crimes , _togtthvr will : _i . _- . _livr biirbnriti »» too shocking to jiarticuliiritt , jour petitioners considur the present insurrection in Poland to be _ptrfV-otJy justifiable , and chiming th * sympathy and active _assistauee of every enlightened people .

      That so long as oppression exists it is a suerc « right and indispensable duty for the oppressed : o resist the oppressor ; your pctitiomrs therefore must anticipate continual insurrections , violence , and bloodshed in the east of Europe , so long as Poland coKtinues a disraoinbeved _wnd enslaved country ; the _i-fore , to repair , as fur as possible , the wrongt of thv past , and to prevent the future ril ' usion of blood , your petitioners _consider the restoration of the independence and freedom of Poland to he indispensable for tho happiness of ihe Polish pet-pit , for the true interests ofthe neighbouring _states , aud lior the consolidation ofthe peace ot Europe .

      Thai , tor some years past , the British government 1 ms affected to act upon what is _cailud " the principle of nonintervention as regards _fviiti _^ n countries ; " a principle your petitioners repudiate , becauto tliey hold that the iuiem-utiqu of the strong to _stu-e ih _« weak lrom op . _prusidon is a duty as much _binding upon nations as upon individuals . That this " _nou-iuterveiition" principle ' s only thu affected , not the real policy of the government of this country j as it has even , of late years , repeatedly _inUrtVrnd with the afi ' _nirs ol other nations ; as , for

      in-Rtanc , Spaiu _, l ' orlugul , and _Ttxas , and is , at the present time , inteifering in the affairs of _Switzerland , and th « _lli-publics of the Itio de la Plata , Your _petitionee , therefore , are compelled to beiieve that this principle of " non-intervention" is really nut recognised by the "British governuuiit , but only put forward ut _etiuiu tim * s as on * xcuse for not taking part with the oppressed against the oppressors . Your petitioners , _consc-quwitiy , consider that the British government _hac no just ground for now hesitating-to _interferu in the affairs of Eastern Europe , for the purpose of doiu'r justic * to Poland .

      Your petitioners , impressed nith the several considerations herein _subniittod to w . _m-hoitouruhlt house , nnd contidsnt that the views _expressed in tbis petition are _shared by the _grent majority of the British people , do now _ropectfully but urgently pray y our honom able house to forthwith address her Majesty the Queen ; praying her Kaje . ity to take into h _» r consideration the prisent _i-tate of "Eastern Europe , and devise , with ths assistance of m _» r _Ministurs , such measures as shall r « sult in the restoration of Poland to the full extent of her aiicient boundaries , and the soeuring for the Polish pwple the blessings of freedom and _self-govtriimnnt .

      And jour petitioners _willov _ur pray . Mr . Linton proceeded to contend that the Polish iasurrectiou was not suppressed , but increasing . The journals may leave out what thoy please , but tlie truth is oozing out from the German pa , «? . Cracow was _purposely abandoned , hut the muskets and the men wiio carried them were not taken by Austria , and guerilla bands are _constanily hr . rassing Gallicia . ( Cheers . ) As to U . c plea of non-intervention , there was a time when England wouid not have let such a pretence silence her before the _RtlSSLin fiend or the Austrian assassin —( great cheering ); bttt

      wc hare sunk _m-w from Cromwell auu Milton , to Peel , and Aberdeen , and Cobden . As we claim per _sonal liberty for a man that he may be enabled to pursue a path of virtue nnd industry , so wc claim for nations that independence which will enable them to developc -their natural resources to improve thoir national character , and thus promote tlie good ofthe whole community . The hearts of the English people rise against nich * xrcnj > s ns have been perpetrated in Poland—we Englishmen revolt at injustice wherever shown , and we regard honesty of feeling and nationat honour as of more worth than all the forms of diplomacy or the gains of trade . ( Cheers . ) Mr . II . Ross seconded the ad « ptitAi of the petition .

      Ihe Rev . J . L . Milton , of Southampton , declared himseif'the unflinching iriencl of liberty ami tho workins' man , but the determined enemy of ail privileged classes . When he was in the Established Church , which he had _leit for conscience sake , he was also the friend of liberty to every human being . He avowed himself a man of pence , and an enemy of war , and _s-aid that he would much prefer that liberty should be given to the Poles -without , the _s-. edding ot blood . He _yi as sure that the EugUh { _jovernmeii had only to say the word , that Q , ucen "Victoria , whom God lung preserve—( partial hissing)—had only to say the word , and Poland would bo free . ( Cheew , Mr . IIaisp _. b then moved the fourth resolution > -

      That this meeting , recognising the brotherhood of the uwm-An race , » _xpres > i thair gTatetul thanks to the _peoplo cf Franeoand Germany for the noble sympathy shown by thtm in buh . _ilf of the Polish peopi « . And this meeting _appsals to their follow men of the entira ou ' iliud world to give their generous aid to the cause of Poland ' s r % e . iteration _. The speaker proceeded to deliver a most energetic , _tUivj- utvit , rani exciting addicts , of which we can only give the merest outline . lie said , if there was a clock in that llall , timed by Lord Dudley Stuart , no doubt it would tell me this was not the timo to make a speech . ( _Laughier . ) I am sorry to find General Evans so soon descend into the mere follower of the aristocracy . ( Cheers . ) Wh en he

      interftied in the affairs of Spain , was "it the time ?" ( Cheers . ) We often hear of Lord Ashley , Lord John Manners , and other * , inteifering on behalf of the poor , dressmakers , and very justly t , o , but _dressmnkers , though poor and enslaved , are not violated by Imperial command—' loud cheers]—tliey Still prfl _. _smeil their purity from a brutal soldiery , ( Great eheeviug . ) Where arc tho men _vtitnout _coUavs who affect to hare groat heart * ? "Why are thev not here to _sympathise with the Nuns of Minsk ? ( Vehemen _* _- sheering . ) The Emperor Nicholas _hais been over here , aud , as if desirous of furnishing subjects for " II . B ., " had _j-ot Victoria to take the part of the Lady Una , whilst he had played the Bear . ( Laughter . ) Talk of _Christianitr and Catholicity—Nicholas had been to visit the Pope—not the first man , by the bye , who , under the garb of sanctity , had stolen into a house to rob its inmates —( hear , hear ); but if the Pope had , or did confer a blessing on such a demon _.

      _Uhnstian Oathohc though ho was , he said , perish tbat . power and that * yst « m . ( Great cheering . ) The speaker thon referred to the _despotism , of the King of I lauover in laying restrictions upon marriage , _, and afterwards stated , on thu authority of a clergy- man who had been four years in a Rur 8 i ? n dungeon , , that the courso taken by Russia towards l ' oland was s tiie same as _tlmt followed br yur government towards 3 Ireland . Thoy had an Anns Bill in Poland , and in i every district of that country a man might be eon- , - demned to death for _l-ehujotit of his own house alter i sunset . In conclusion , he called upon them to form II societies in London and the suburbs , to assist inn working out Polisn freedom . If onco formed in Lon-1-don , these societies would extend to the other large [ e towns of the country , and then it would become an n English question . Once au English question , tlie le fangs ofthe bear would be torn out , so that no longer ? r would he be sbJc to treat humanity as if it were no io more than tho merest carrion . ( Cheers . )

      Mr . Cofmt spoko m favour ofthe resolution , re-1-marking , that as a descendant ofa West India slave , j , it would _bt'come him to both * friend of all who were e struggling for freoduni . Mr . Kkiwk moved and Mr . Mora seconded the ie fifth resolution : That this meeting app »» ls _sperially to tho _peopla of of Gruat . Britain and lielantl to exhibit their sjn . puthyfor . br . Poland by _pvcurujury sBbscripiioiw , by _hiiVwg puWielle meetings , and by petitions and addresses to the Parl _» a . _» a . ment and' government in support of Uie came of Polishish liberty . Thai a # onnni « ee be aow formed , to he tntitkdkd , " Poland ' s _Regeneration _Committfe , " for the purpose of ! of : guarding the _inturesti of the Polish ei . use , and _proiiidtk-s , _eg _,, by every available means , the _retfornlion of l ' oland .- •

      On the motion of Mr . Staiawood , seconded bvMrMv ., Brown , tho following persons were appointed a _' _cbmJmmilieu , with power to add to their number : _* -: _* -. Messrs . O'Connor , Harney , Schapper , Clark , _Dovle . rle , M'Grath , Wheeler , Iletheringtoti , Linton , Row , i > w „ Moll , MichcJot , Ke «; o , _Huinca , Dunnage , Cuffay , ' ay „ _Cauj-hlan , Shaw , A _' emetb , Holm , _Aioj , and Bauer ' ' it ' ; The Chairman announced that a public _mcetineine ! would be held for Polnnd on Monday evening _nexti'Xt _, at eight o clock precisely , at th « South _Loiidondom UiartM llall , liiacklriarVroad . ( Great cheering . ) i » ) i

      It now wanted n qua iter to twelve o ' clock , and the thee room was still nearly full . Mr . O'Connor _proposwoswc a vote ol thanks to the _chaitnian , which was _secondwuku by Air . bchapper , ami earned by _-Kielamation , MtMti U Connor then _piopost-d th ree times three cheers _fos fe _: « lotaiul , and _suc-ctwtcthc insurrection-three groauuaui l ° _V _M _' _'• _C _< _¦ _, ( JOl !! ( , t' _^ "d-three cheers fos foi _i-it-st _, _Hiiinmji , _,-imi Jones-three lor " Thomaamai JJuueunite and the People ' s Charter—and thrtflm _* tor Ould Ireland . The responses wire of a moamoaa tremendous ciii' _1-r . cter . The meeting then _separateeatwid

      A I.I.Via*Nu.\ Thais.—Sixty-Four Cattle ...

      A I . i . viA * _nu . \ Thais . —Sixty-four cattle _truckmckiti laden with beasts , _eslvts , and sheep , arrived on tun til miirmiii ofthe [ 6 ih inst ., at thuPaddiugton terminiaiinu of the (" resit " iVeatersi _knilway . The train was u [ s utt _» au ! s of a _i-uiiner or' a mile in length , ami waspnspm polled by a mo _* t ( _ovrerfu ! engine . called _thefremieimicci 1 _'tiill at Sunderland , under the ' superintendence _tice << Air . L ' runcl . _Notwitlistaiulimr the _e-vtiemo _lei-gtei-gtt _snuveh-i . _toflhtj _tiain , itwas propelled at a _speespece ciiiuii to tii .-. t oi' au _o-Jiu .-ry _pasieagor _tra-ii .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 28, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_28031846/page/1/