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Northern Star (1837-1852), 26th May 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 5, PUBLIC MEETING. PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANC...

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      Paeliamentaby Review. Chartism Is Too St...

      the ' _rationality- ' ofthe " Times" opposed to the deductions drawn from "history aud _j-Mlosophy . ** 1 "* " — ¦ _- * - ¦ : " " --It might have been supposed that , having voted themselves a holiday on the Wednesday , the members of the House of Commons "would have do objection to work a whole night on Thursday . Or , had the question they were invited to consider , after disposing of Mr . _D'ErjComrx ' s motion , been a dry or unimportant one . there might have been an excuse for their " counting out . " That , however , was not the case . Mr . Slaxet rose a second time thts session to call the attention of the nominal

      representatives of the people to the condition of the working classes , and to propose the appointment of an unpaid commission , specially charged to watch over their interests—to consider and report from time to time on practical -measures ( unconnected witli political changes ) likely to improve Ui & _r condition—to encourage their industry—and increase their contentment . Surely more laudable , more desirable objects than those could not possibly have been proposed 1 » a body professing to represent the people of Great Britain and Ireland ! The necessity for such a commission , it would have

      been imagined , might have induced members of all parties to unite in supporting 3 Ir . Slajxexs motion . The friends of the _ivorkiuclasses might have supported it as one mode of achieving that industrial and political emancipation to which they look forward . The frit nds of the present systcm might also have supported it , because nothing is so dangerous to , and subversive of , established institutions as "wide-spread poverty , misery , and discontent among the people . These are the true revolutionisers of nations , not the " good-for-nothing people" of Lord Bkougham , or the "

      handful of vagabonds and foreigners" according to other equally sage authorities , who march into capitals , dethrone monarchies , organise armies , fight pitched battles , and achieve victories over the well-disciplined hosts of despotism . This slip-slop style of denunciation and deprecation is very injurious to the parties whose organs are in the habit of using it . J ± shuts the eyes of those who are disposed to take it " upon trust , " to the real dangers which menace them . It diverts then * energies into wrong channels , and , at the moment when they believe they are most effectually suppressing revolutionary elements , they find

      themselves swept away by forces , of the existence and power of which they had not the slightest idea . Mr . Slaxey ' s exposition of the condition ofthe producers of wealth in this country ¦ —t hough cut short by the House being counted out—was enough to make the faces of our rulers and wealthy classes blash , and their ears tingle with shame . The immense resources of modern machinery , and improved modes of creating wealth , have been absorbed bythe non-producers . The condition ofthe labourer and artisan has Jiofc improved—in many cases it has deteriorated . Increased powers of production have been followed by increased toil and diminished remuneration to

      the labourer . Society , under the government of " the friends of order , family , aud property /' is a huge organised system of plunder , which denies to the great mass of the people the enjoyment ofthe comforts of family or the possession of property . " Order , " in the vocabulary ofthe brigands who plunder wholesale , under the sanction ofthe laws they have made and the machinery tliey have constructedmeans simply the submission of the producers to be plundered iu peace—and when they resist they are reduced to obedience by fire and sword .

      Twice tbis Session have Mr . Slaney and the working classes been treated to a specimen of the interest _v ; hich the present House of Commons takes in this most vital and paramount question . "We trust the fact will be remembered whenever tlie next general election may take p lace . It would be well that the members of the present House of Commons , who may again solicit the suffrages of the electors , should be q _uestioncd why they were absent _, when such a question was brought forward Ii Is time that Labour—ihe foundation of all -wealth—should find representatives for itself , and tliat the present mockery should be put an end to .

      Lord Stanley and the Protectionists have made another strenuous effort to substitute reciprocity for Free Trade in our shipping relations with foreign countries . Either his " whi p" was not so good as it was on his first resistance to the _^ Navigation Bill , or some of his supporters were disheartened at their defeat on that occasion . Though tlie division was in Committee—where proxies do not count—the Ministers had a majority of thirteen , which , witli thc majority of fourteen peers present against them on the second residing , counts twenty-seven in their fa . our . The House was ,

      as formerly , well attended , and many of the leading members of the House Sat out the debate from first to last . There was not much of novelty in the arguments ou either side , though E « iri _Gkev threw somewhat more than his usual bitterness into his attack upon the Protectionist leader . We imagine that this question is nor . * settled . It is possible that alterations may be made in its details , but after the two defeats the Protectionists have sustained , it is scarcely probable tbey can pre-Teut Hie ultimate passing of the meacure with provisions substantially those introduced by the Government .

      The Duke of _EicuMOsn last \* _eeu ; made an outcry about ag ricultural distress . _^ Itis , perhaps / _rather early , seeing that for the last two or three years the farmers have been gettins hiiih prices b oth for com and cattle in _coiSaiu _' ence of the failure of the potatoes _, _ilsu-div , hig h prices are concomitant with deficient crops ' ; but that was not their case hi this instance , they , at least , Lad good crops , and therefore reaped advantage in both ways . IM _fhongU the _Dusfi way have " given mouth" _som-nvhat prematurely , there can be no doubt whatever that a great change

      is before the British agriculturist In former periods when wheat sold at a low price , it was when crops were abundant , and the lowprice was iu some measure made up by tlie _quantity they had to dispose of . -U they lost in one vear they could reckon on making it up tlie next , and upon an average of seasons could look to a fair interest upon the capital employed in carrying on their occupations . Under thc new system this -will be hnpossiUe . Low prices must rule the market . ' As soon as the

      Continent gets through its present political troubles , and settles down onceniorcto the work of production , it will pour m a continuous supp ly of provisions to our market . In addition , the United States may be expected to increase rather than diminish their * exports of food . The consequence must inevitably be , that prices will be kept permanently down . _Xo doubt the farmer will , to some extent , experience the results ofthat -reduction bv a con _* esponding reduction in his

      outlav for various items of his annual expenditure ; but there are numerous expenses to which he is subject on which no reduction is at present likely , and the probability is , that the present race of fanners will be beggared by the period of transition which we must pass throug h before the country can fully and completely Inapt itself to the new system whichisjust beg iiming its practical operation the landlords taking

      _lETdb iot wonder at alarm at thisprospect and scenting _*™ £ _wxt come in the long _-run-a great reduction of rent One thing is certain , that , in ordei to accommodate our agricultui _* al -system to tlie new commercial arrangements of the Manchester School of Economists , an entire change of tliat svstem must take p lace . _Game-Laus will have to be swept away—new modes ot culture introduced—and new and more secure

      Paeliamentaby Review. Chartism Is Too St...

      and independent tenures granted to all tenant farmers .

      . - -----Y- Je . -"^"Iggftgg'l**^^ May "...

      . - _-----y- jE _. - _" _^ _"Iggftgg'l _**^^ May " 26 _1 S 4 Q ¦ v ; _*^^ ' _" _^ ¦ " ' ' - "¦ ¦' ¦ " '" _^'" _-i- _w-_^ , _^ U _£ g— -, _^^^ _. _^ THE NORTHERN STAR . * - _. ___ : : . ;¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ -fC _/^

      The Ballot. The Question Ofthe Ballot Wa...

      THE BALLOT . The question ofthe Ballot was introduced on Thursday evening , by Mr . Berkeley , the Member for Bristol , and , after a languid debate , of about an hour and a half , in which not one of her Majesty ' s Ministers took part , the House divided , when the numbers were ' For the Motion 35 Against it ... ... ... 133 Majority 51

      To Joffi? O'Coisxell, M.P. Bbeach Or L'B...

      TO JOffi ? _O'COISXELL , M . P . Bbeach or l ' BiviLEGB . _—Ab-. John O'Connell complained _, tliat m a newspaper called the Times , tliere had appeared what purported to be a report of the proceedim-s ofthat House upon a former evening , and lie observed that in the Tcport of . _whatAvas setforth as Ms own speeeh on the occasion , all the " good points" were omitted , and the strong _argumente of his opponents were inserted ; he should , therefore , object to the presence of strangers , aud the strangers , including the reporters , were forthwith obliged to withdraw . —Weekly Paper . Giatiano spenl _* s an infinite deal of nothing , more than any man in aU Venice , liis reasons are , as two grains of wheat hid in two bushels of chair . You shall seek all dav ere yon find theni , and when you have found them they are not worth tlie search . —Merchant of Venice .

      Mr Dear Jonx —The injustice which the _English have done to Ireland , through tlieir' Press , in curtailing and mutilating those models of patriotic oratory with which it has heen your wont frequentl y to edify the Imperial Parliament , and the highly characteristic retaliation which you have inflicted upon the offenders , have induced me to address you in this public manner , and to offer my humble condolence to you , as a deeply injured man ! _Things hare conie to a " purty" pass indeed when the "dearest son of his mother , " and the worthy representative of the " illustrious Liberator , " ( God rest his sowl , ) is so treated by rascally Saxon Journalists ! Not only are your speeches abbreviated , but all the " coon foists" are purposely left out ! " Thunder and turf ! " Sure this

      is more than flesh and blood can bear with ! enough , in fact , to provoke you to execute your threat of selfimmolation upon the floor of the Douse—a threat which I have no doubt -would long ere this have been carried into practice , were it not that _j-tur " hereditary disinterestedness" has suggested that your services may yet be of use to youv bkedina country ! " ¦ * 2 fot only do ihe newspaper people leave out , intentionally , all your " good points , " but the House itself acts towards you as though it were utterly unconscious of the existence of any such quality in your speeches . No sooner do you rise and commence to pour ftrthyourmellifluous brogue , than there immediately oeeurs a most determined rush of members towards the gangway , the strife among them for egress reminding the beholder ofa scene at Epsom

      on a " . ueruy-uay , - the outer door of the lobby being , to the competitors , an object of great contention—a kind of " winning post "—those members remaining behind seeming to be regarded by the deserters as the " distanced ones . " But what does this treatment prove , John ?—that your speeches are not worth listening to ? So , John ; quite the contrary . It ir . evidence strong as " holy writ" of the loir grovelling taste of the Saxon members—the dogs!—since they have no appetite for thc sublime and beautiful . What do they know about oratory ? —they have never graduated at Burgh Quay ! Talking of Burgh Quay , John , the - emotitu- -which the mention of that hallowed place excites in me at this moment—but , then , it is all over 1—I have applied the lappel of my coat to my optics and nasal organ , ( you can imagine how they have been affected , ) and will face the subject Kke a man .

      The reminiscences which are associated with the history of that now defunct establishment—how they crowd upon my memory ! The rents that have been received there—the reputations that have been slaughtered—the promises tbat have been made , and the coats that have been therein turned , all go to prove the ability with which the affair was conducted . God be with ould times , John , when at the "Loyal National Burgh Quay , " you found an auditory who were capable of appreciating real eloquence , and who , consequently , got speeches galore . Jfc was not the dirty parliament you were talking to then , John , but to men of "illigant " taste , as numberless noggins of buttermilk , at present not extant , could have amply testified . Those were the days when the Press of Ireland , at least , did

      you justice , koine people say , but I don ' t believe them , that certain Irish editors were joint proprietors in the " brass" by which the " tin" was attracted to jour mock senate , and which enabled you and them to do so much for your country , and so little for yourselves . At all events , of the utter unselfishness of all bearing your revered name there can be no question . I was in the gallery of the House of Commons on Friday evening , when you enforced the rule for the exclusion of strangers , and heard the derisive laughter with which the stupid Saxon members treated you for your worth y and heroic conduct . "But , " thought I , ' -he will yet be able to take ample vengeance upon them for that laugh of scorn ! " I communicated the thought to a friend who was at my side , who asked me , " What I supposed you would do ? " " Why , " replied I , "he

      will give 1 oticc of motion upon some Irish question , perhaps the ' godless colleges , ' and will make a speech of two hours upon its introduction !" " True , " said my friend , " he con punish them that way , and if he does 1 shall pity them . " The Times , being the newspaper against which you have directed your complaint more especially , has had the conscience to require of you to speak " common sense , " as a condition to the publication of your speeches at length in that paper ! Was there ever before such a monstrous absurdity put forth , even by a Saxon editor ? " Wanting—an Irish 2 d . P . to utter * common sense ! '" And , as if io cap the climax , and to make the fellow ' s absurdity more complete , this conscionahle overture is made to thc member for the " Citv of the violated

      treaty , who , of all other Irish members , is the one who would scorn compliance with sueh a demand Is not this very requirement an additional reason ibr a _repe-sl of the union ? Requiring " common sense" from you , dear John , —and this is _^ callod " Justice to Ireland ! " Is not such conduct on the part of the Times , proof that wc Irishmen will never get "justiee" from England—no , not even an "instalment" ofthat _"justice , " the _obtsiinmcnt of which was the main object to whiuh your lamented papa devoted his useful public life if the shades of the departed dead could look down from above , and exercise any influence over us poor mortals " here below , " that of your departed sire would , I am sure , he found hovering over Printinghouse-square ,- and if it were permitted thorn to

      assume the shapes they graced when npon earth , would not thc . Editor of the Times be honoured with the apparition of the "Liberator , " in his favourite and formidable attitude -. is a Tribune of the people with the tip of his thumb p laced " significantl y " upon the most-prominent point ofhis proboscis , and his four fingers pointing to the skies ! Such a visitation as this at the hour of midnight , would not only brinsr the offending Editor to liis senses , but would _furnish some future Irish Sh . _'ikspe-re with excellent material for a _Milesian tragedy ; and you , sir , if not exactly a suitable " Hamlet , " would make a most proper " Grave-digger , " especially as vou are already provided with divers vests , to wit that of iho 'S 2 club , and tho one in which you—Hood , _loval Irishman—appeared last Saturday at

      the Koyal levee . And then how suitable the character of gravc-diqqer , at ibis time , in thc present state of Tour " beloved Erin , " for whieh yourself and your venerable dad , Ban , have suffered so much And then , should you drop across a skull—say of Emmett _, or Fitzgerald , or that of any " miscreant rebel of "OS , " what reflections would it not suggest to you , good , loyal John 1 But there—I will not sav more at present : I mig ht say much more , but 1 refrain lest you should . think me ii . trusive , and turn a deaf ear to my consoling voice . Should the Saxon dogs asain speak slightingly of your eloquence , 1 would recommend you to follow the example ofthe famous Athenian orator , who , placing pebbles in his mouth , harangued the angry waves ; and you will have this advanta _ge over the Athenian , that the waters that * -uiTOiiud the " Emerald Isle " are not

      angry , but green , J ¦ ¦ I am , my dear John , your Countryman , HlBERXICUS .

      Reporting Alone Costs Each Paper -From *...

      Reporting alone costs each paper -from * W » to £ 100 a weeS ; and it is much doubted whether such _expense and such space are at all repaid by the interest which the public take in reading these debates at length . —Daily Neivs . TJxivebsity CoLLEGE _,, LoxnoN .--At a recent session ofthe Council the following legacies were _announcedj-For th e College , £ 100 duty free , by Mr . Thomas Dyson , of Piss , | orfo _^ for the hospital £ 500 , by Mrs . Kennedy , of Pennsylvania , iieai Exeter ; £ 250 , by Mr . Char cs Fdicia , of Parkcrescent ; and £ -500 , by Mr . John Cutties , _ofPevonshire-nl . _-. _™ " Mr . "Dvson ' s lesacy has been paid , by

      his executor , Mr . Thomas Lorobc Taylor . Ihe £ 300 bequeathed hy Dr . Fellowes , "to be added to the permanent endowment ofthe hospital , has also been lately paid without deduction of duty . Thomas _Suxgsby Duncombe , Esq . —We are happy to announce that Mr . Duncombe took his seat in the Douse en Thursday evening , shortly after Mr . Berkeley had commenced his speech on the ballot . The hon . representative for . "Finsbury , who lias not been in the Douse since the swearing in of the new parliament , _appeared-in excellent spirits , _though he bore about him the traces of ill-health , and cou _<* hed a little . Hewas shaken most cordially by the hand by several members . —Sun .

      Reporting Alone Costs Each Paper -From *...

      LETTERS ., ..... TO THE WORKING _CLOSES . XLV . " Words are things , and a small drop of ink ' Falliii } - —like dew—upinuv thought , products Tliat wliich makes thousands , perhaps millions , think . " byron . PATItlCIAN RULE AND PLEBEIAN

      SUFFERING . THE FRENCH ELECTIONS . BllOTHEll Pboletariaxs , In tbe name of Humanity , what is to be done for the unhappy People of Ireland ? How long do our rulers mean to stand by unmoved , while thousands and tens of thousands are perishing of hunger ? How much longer do yon intend to allow those , rulers to continue in their present state of criminal apathy ?

      I may be told that I libel the Government and Parliament , in charging them with criminal apathy and heartless indifference to the sufferings ofthe Irish people . I may be told , that the Rate in Aid Bill of the present Ministry , the sums of Money voted by Parliament , and the speeches of * ' * honourable Members , " all testify to the sympathy and earnest benev olence of our rulers ; that they do all they can do , and , that if in spite of their sympathy and benevolence tbe Irish are , nevertheless , perishing of hunger , it is because it is not in the power of mortal men to successfully struggle agaiust the terrible dispensations of Divine Providence .

      Sham and subterfuge , mockery aud lies . The Irish famine is not " a dispensation of Divine Providence ;" , but is—as every being possessing common sense well knows—tne natural consequence of land-lord usurpation , and British injustice . Ministers and Members of Parliament have not done all they might have done to have stayed the progress of the famine ; and they have done nothing—positively nothing—towards laying the foundation of a new and righteous order of things . For all that the _speechifiers and law makers have done , or are likely to do , the Irish peasantry may perish to the last man , and the " " country become a wilderness untrodden by human beings .

      Read—and shudder , as you must , while you read—thc horrible revelations from Ireland in this number ofthe " Star . " Bead the Ballinrobe Protestant Rector's account of the starving man turned Cannibal , feasting himself and family upon the heart and liver of . a ship wrecked human body ! Read of other horrors almost as frightful ; and then read the following addressed to the " Freeman ' s Journal : — . A famine of four long years and the agonies ef hunger , unprecedented in the annuls of our Irish history , together with fevers , dysenteries , swellings , cold , and nakedness , and , to crown the climax of our misfortune , a raging cholera or plague has set in for the last fortnight . Tlie

      people are withering with fear and dying in multitudes . Deaths numerous , but coffins few — buried without coffins in dykes and ditches , and many—many disfigured and destroyed by rats . In this doomed and mountainous- parish ( Partree ) upwards of 1 , 900 of God ' s creatures fell victims to ihis devouring famine—more than 700 families are wandering without a house to put their heads into . They are seeking shelter in dikes and ditches . This is the eftect of tlie Gregory clause , five years ago tliere were 1 , 500 children attending thc several schools in my parish now tliere are not ten children . Whore are they gone to ? Famine and eternity can tell . For thc last week 1 witnessed many a disconsolate heart . At _Hornahowiia _, Peter Flanagan , wife , his two daughters , and two granddaughters , died within one hour of each other . A poor _sight—foaicorpses leaving one house together . ' At Gortmora , about tlie hour of midnight , there were seven corpses in the same

      house . There is waiiing aud crying almost in every house . At Ballybanane , William Walsh and his son were found dead , entwined in each other's arms and both nearly eaten by rats . Martin Walsh , in the same village , together with liis father and mother , were also found dead . Anthony Dei-rig , in the next field , dead under scran's . At Drimeggy I found Martin Walsh and his wife _doadiu a sawjut , and near to the place his little child drowned in a stream in the same village . Bnt now tliere are no villages . Pat Shaughnessy _' s two daughters ""* ' his mother , and his wife ,-were found iu a hut dead together ! Tliere are many _similur and equally distressing cases . They are now complaining before tlieir God . On whom will we call—to whom will we make our sad complaints ] Our gardens are turned into graves—our fields strewed witli the sick and with the dying—our homes mouldering in dark ruins—our people naked , shivering , wandering , and craving for a grain of meal or crust of bread .

      You have often heard of the " reign of terror , " but did ever the wildest excesses of popular vengeance create any suck misery , anything approaching to such horrors as are indicated ill the above appaling statement ? Yet where are the lightnings and thunders of the Press-gang , so readily launched whenever the people have reeourse to "the wild justice of revenge V Alas ! my friends , those lightnings and thunders though often hurled against you , are never employed for you , or for your order , your interests , your rights , or your friends , by the Press of this country . When Latour , the Austrian traitor , " perish * d by the justest doom , That ever the destroyer ' yet _destroy'd ,

      and again , when Rossi , the arch-mtriguer , bit the dust ,

      " Amidst the roar of liberated Rome , there was hardly any termination to the sympathetic bowlings ofthe English Press-gang . But these precious moralists have no bowels of compassion for the victims of privileged assassins—assassins who have not the mercy to slay with the sword or poniard , but who condemn their victims to the lingering tortures of death by famine . Oh ! unhappy people of Ireland , * how much less heart-rending would be your doom Avould your lords and masters only deign to shorten your sufferings by the speedy execution of thc sabre , the cannon-shot , and tbe _rifln-bnll .

      What has become of our great regenerator , Peel ? Where are his healing measures ? Tell me not that he is out of office , that be is powerless . Were he an honest man , and a statesman worthy of the name , hc would never rest until he had forced upon Parliament the adoption of measures calculated to put an end to the horrors above detailed . But suffering is not confined to the peoplo of Ireland . On Tuesday evening last , Mr . Slaxey brought , or , rather , attempted to bring , under the notice of the House of Commons the condition of the working classes of this Island , in support of a motion for " the

      appointment of a Standing Committee or unpaid Commission , to consider and report , from time to time , . 011 practical measures ( unconnected with political changes ) likely to improve the condition of the working classes , to encourage their industry , and increase their contentment . " The motion was moderate enough in all conscience . But tben "be wished to show the House that whilst thc . rich and middle classes of this country had : been _p-oing on improving , the condition of the

      humbler aud most numerous orders of the population had undergone no corresponding amelioration . " Mr . Slaney was proceeding to develope the facts on which he founded his motion—facts illustrative of the miserable condition of large masses ofthe industrious classes —when he was suddenly interrupted by " an Honourable Member , " who moved that the House be counted . The counting took place , and of six hundred and fifty-six members it was found that only thirty-four were prc-< _-Pi ) t The House was thereupon adjourned till

      Thursday . , ' , Js ow , observe that the House was not so thinly attended at the commencement ofthe eveuino _* 's sitting—on the contrary , tliere was at one time at least two hundred and . fiftyseven Members present . That was when that precious " Protectionist , " and " friendof the British labourer , " the Marquis of Granby , moved that the House adjourn , at its rising , from Tuesday till Thursday , to allow the _mem-Wedn

      bers to attend Epsom races on esday . One hundred aud _thn-ty-eight members voted for the motion , and one hundred and nineteen a _o-ainst it ; majority for going to the races , and leaving the English to suffer and grumble , and the Irish to starve and perish _> nineteen - ' The announcement of the result was received with loud cheering !! _!' ¦ ' The allinwortant question ol the " Derby-day ' having been disposed of , most ofthe " honour-

      Reporting Alone Costs Each Paper -From *...

      abjc : m embers " : bolted . Still thero remained eighty-seven members to vote on that sham _D'EYNCnuilT _' _ssliam motion for sham reform . But of these eighty-seven hard-working mtm bers , fifty-three ran away ' the '' moment " Mr . Slaney attempted to bring the condition of the working classes under tlieir consideration . It was not likel y that " hon . gentlemen" could allow , themselves to bo bored with

      statistics of the condition of tailors and tinkers , weavers and labourers ? Tho . clubs , the theatres , the opera , and the ' forthcoming races presented attractions not to be thrown away for the sake of _-f greasy rogues" of artisans , who , if thoy are starving , are but fulfilling their destiny , They arc " surplus , " and there being no room for them at Nature ' s board , it is their proper duty to hunger , pine , and die !

      Such is the comfortable creed of your rulers and lawmakers . The fate of Mr . Slaney ' s motion , is another lesson for you that no good thing can come out of that political Nazareth—the House of Commons , as at present constituted . The 'French Elections have terminated _in-- — all things considered—a glorious victory for Democracy . The accurate final returns have not yet reached this country , but it is certain that from two hundred to two hundred and fifty Socialist-Democrats have been elected to the New Assembl y . The party of the Mountain is quadrupled I It is true that the intriguers , _l'cactioniiairos , and Royalist conspirators will be in the ascendant in the new

      Assembly , and , if united , will havo a largo majority . But . that union is not very probable , and , under any circumstances , cannot be lasting . On the other hand , the union of the _Mountain phalanx is well assured ; the growing public opinion on their side is also assured ; and last , not least , the Army is rapidly becoming Red Republican . Indeed there is no longer a doubt that , in the event of a physical force struggle between the friends and the enemies ofthe Republic , the soldiers-would join the former against the latter . The enemies of Democracy have hitherto calculated on the Army , to subserve tlieir impious designs against the Republic , but the electoral urn bad made manifest the folly of that calculation .

      Amongst the traitors , trimmers , aud sham Republicans who have been ejected from thc National ' Representation are _Maiiiiast and Lamartine . Every true democrat , every honest man , will exult over the fall of these two men—the two worst enemies of the Republic . The War of Principles is extending . Bologna and Leghorn have been added tothe number of martyred cities for which a terrible

      reckoning must and will be enforced . Rome still holds her own and defies her banded assailants . It is asserted that the Hungarians have already beaten the Russians and carried the war into Poland . The Republican insurrection is gaining ground in Gennauy . Ere long the French Democrats will measure weapons with the slaves of the Tsar on German soil ; and " France will break the sword of war in the breast of the last ofthe Kings I "

      L'AMI DU PEUPLE May 24 , 1849 .

      Public Meeting. Parliamentary And Financ...

      PUBLIC MEETING . _PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANCIAL REFORM . The first public meeting called by . tho Council of the Financial . Reform Association was held on Tuesday , at the London Tavern . The meeting was convened for ono o ' clock ; but long before that hour the large room of the tavern was densely crowded , as also was the gallery . On the platform we noticed Arthur Anderson , Esq ., M . P . ; 11 . R . Osborne , Esq ., M . P . ; J . Williams , Esq ., M . P . ; J . Wyld , Esq ., M . P . ; 13 . M . Willcox , Esq ., M . P . ; Colonel Thompson , M . P . ; L . Heyworth _, Esq ., M . P . ; George Thompson , Esq ., M . P ., and others .

      The chair was taken , by Sir Joshua Walmsley , M . P ., who briefly opened thc meeting , and called upon tho honorary secretary to read the report . Mr . II . T . Atkinson' then read the report , which stated that— " The council , upon mature consideration , have decided upon advocating such an extension of the franchise , as will give to every male occupier of a tenement , or any portion ofa tenement , the ri g ht to be registered as an elector ; tlio only condition coupled with that right being , not the payment of -rates , but the fact of heing rated , or having claimed to ho rated for tho _roliol of tlie poor in respect of the qualifying premises . The effect of such a measure in

      strengthening the popular voice in the House of Commons may be inferred from the fact that the present constituency of the United Kingdom would be increased hy the addition of upwards of 3 , 500 , 000 voters . Tho council seek to invest this extended right of voting with tiio shelter ofthe ballot- ; and , in order to keep actively alive that sense of responsibility , which , in the public business of the nation as in the private affairs of life , secures thc faithful exercise of a power held in trust , they advocate the return to the old constitutional system of Triennial Parliaments ; while another and not less important change sought for in our representative system will be that which will give a more equal apportionment

      of members to constituents . District and periodical aggregate public meetings will be held , tracts will he distributed , aid will be imparted to the various metropolitan registration societies now in existence for watching over the interests of liberal voters , and important facilities will be offered for the acquisition of freehold qualifications in the surrounding counties . " The OiiAinMAN said that meeting was an answer to the taunts which had boon thrown out , that tho middle classes of tlie city of London did

      not sympathise with the movement for the extension of the suffrage . There wero those amongst them —and he hesitated not to declare himself one—who looked oven beyond the principles contained in tho report . ( Loud and protracted cheering . ) They had , however , adopted what they considered the best means of carrying out the great object they had in view ; namely , the greatest extension of the suffrage . The hon . 'gentleman , after stating that each speaker would be limited to twenty minutes in his address , called upon

      Mr . R . Taylor , who moved tho first resolution — " That , in the present contest between thc advocates of a searching . reform in the national finances and the parliamentary _i-eprt-scntatioi _* , on tlie one hand , and the upholders of a system wliich favours tlio few at the expense of the millions , on the other , it is important to strengthen and give effect to public opinion through thc medium of an organi .-ed body , uniting _i-eforincrs of all grades ; and that the establishment of the Metropolitan Financial and Parliamentary Reform Association is , therefore , a matter not only of expediency , but likewise of paramount necessity . " Mr . W . J . Hall _Seconded thc motion .

      Mr . Elliott , who stated that ho was a won-ing man , then came forward on the platform , to move an amendment , namely , " That thc association be called , the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform Association , " He strongly advocated the adoption of Universal Suffrage . Mr . _OsBoitro- _, M . P ., said he could have no hesitation in seconding sueh an amendment as that which had heen proposed , and in doing so he could not but exclaim- — " Strange that such difference should be ,

      'Twixt tweedledum and twccdledee . ( Laughter . ) He ( Mr . Osborne ) could not forget that the last . time he sat in that room was to canvass the : electors of Middlesex , and if he had not been so much amongst them as , probably they had a right to expect , it was for the reason given by thc mover of tho amendment , that ho ' was essentially a working man ; and though ho did not . work by day , he attended to their interests by night , and he could add that hc had not yet acquired , that art of political legerdemain by which a man was said to modif y his opinion . He had not modified the opinions upon which he had been returned to parliament ; and , from all he had seen of the constitution , of that House , he was not likely to modify them while he had a _' seat there . He grieved to say that there was

      a lamentable want of feeling on the subjeet of reform in that House of which he was a member . It would hardly be believed , that in the nineteenth century there was no such thing as a popular party existing in the Houso of Commons . There were certainly true and good men in that House , but he grieved to say that among them sickness and disease had been busy . The great patriarch of reform , Mr . flume —( cheers)—he was sorry to say , was grievously ill ; the two members for Finsbury , those honest and independent men , were not able to take their seats ; and the hon . baronet , the member for Marylebone , ho understood , was also ill . There was great apathy and distrust among Reformers themselves , and he repeated again , that at the prosent time there was no popular party , no leader , and no popular principles will be expounded in the House of Commons . ( Hear , hear , and cheers . ) He who

      Public Meeting. Parliamentary And Financ...

      was behind tho scenes _kiii-w that tliere' was great difficulty on any occasion in _scraning together nn _.. n _,-bCi'S who had been returned on what _w-.-ro ' called Liberal principles , and he . did not not hesitate to say , that many of the eighty members wiio voted with Mr . Cobden , if they had thought that the vote ' ivhi » li thoy were -riving would have turned out the government , would have stayed away rather than have voted at all . ( Hear , hear . ) Therefore , lie said they should never rest- satisfied—that those members never would do their duty until they bad applied to them that senile _pressure from without which had not only innucncctl imliviiluiil members , but even ministers in this country . • Thc want of a popular party in this country was mainly owing to the conduct of her Majesty ' s

      present Ministry , for that government which had climbed to power on thc shoulders of Mr . Cobden and Mr . Bright were the first to . throw cold water on those men , and to make the Cabinet the prerogative of tlie ' oligarchy which rule this country . ( Cheers . ) He had great respect for men in high stations when they exhibited ability and principle , but he could not sue why they , the middle classes , could see no wisdom except 111 a lord ( cheers ) , and no probity except in estated gentlciuuii . Hc thought tlie tendency was to make tiie House of Commoirs a great burrow for titled rabbits . ( Cheers and hiughter . ) The House of Commons was in consequence nothing better than a taxing machine , by which a minister was enabled to raise a greater amount of taxes than ever was imposed by the most

      despotic monarch of any period , what was the conduct of the Whigs in 1830 , and what was their conduct in 184 S ? The two periods wero very similar , anil each your had produced a revolution- hi France . In 1 S 30 the' Duke of Wellington ' s Ministry was turned out on a Whig motion for Financial Heform ; and it was well worth while to ask what had been the experience of the last nineteen years with regard to public economy . In 1831 ' the public expenditure was £ 54 , 000 , 000 . But there was a surplus of £ 1 , 711 , 000 . Let them mark that ! In 1848 the public expenditure amounted to £ 58 , 000 , 000—( shame , } and tbe excess of expenditure over revenue —spending more than they got-r-was £ 3 , 000 , 000 . ( Shame . ) Yet tKe interest of the debt had been reduced in the mean time . What else had they got ?

      An income-tax of £ 5 , 000 _, 000 , whieh bad been laid on ou false pretences—( laughter , and hear , hoar ) , —for they were told at first that it would only , be imposed for three years . ( Hear , hear , hear . ) But the tax was opposed by the present government , —( hear ) , — yet when they came into office they turned round , and coolly prepared to increase the taxto £ 5 per cent _, last year —( laughter );—and if the people had not , on putting their iiands into their pockets , and finding a deficit , instructed their members to speak out , they would havo had an increase of tlie income tax . In 1330 the estimate for the army and navy , ordnance , and miscellaneous , which nobody could explain , and nobody get at — ( laughter ) , — was £ 17 , 500 , 000 . ( Hear . ) Those estimates , however , included agate at Buckingham Palace , £ 80 , 000 , and

      £ 000 lor taking a bishop to Jamaica . It was a gross delusion to tell the public that their representatives in the House of Commons wore able to control the public purse under tho present system . In 1830 , when the Whigs came in , of course they thought they must do something , and they reduced the item of the expenditure to wliich hc had referred to £ 14 , 000 , 000 , taking off -upwards of £ 3 , 000 , 000 . But what was it last year ? Why , they would scarcely belivc that it had increased £ 9 , 000 , 000 —( shame , shame ) , —and the present estimate was £ 23 , 315 , 852 . ( Shame . ) But tho government said " We aro retrenching now , " and they began by reducing , the number of poor clerks , who bad , perhaps , wives and families—they caught the small nies and allowed the leviathans to break through . Tliey had saved a few thousands by

      reducing the mimber of clerks ; bnt u tliey were sincere in what they did , they must begin at the heads of the departments . Then , with respect to their diplomatic expenses , it was enormous , but no one had a chance of being employed in the service unless hc were connected with tlie Lord Tom Noddy family —( laughter)—no man whose name was either Smith , Jenkins , or who possessed tlie patronymic of Buggins . ( Laughter . ) It would be next to impossible to send a man with such a name to a foreign court . The diplomatic establishmcntcosts £ lS 0 , 000 ; and what did thoy get ? Tiie work could he done for much less . ( Hear , hear . ) For upwards ofa year they had had no ambassador at Madrid , who had received £ 6 , 500 a year . He was a very amiable man , but he was withdrawn ; and it was notorious tliat their affairs were going on there much better because they had no diplomatic interference , and saved atthesametimo £ 0 , 500 —( cheers ) , —but if they

      must have ambassadors let tho Smiths , tho Jenkinses , and the Bugginses have a chance now—they , he thought , would be satisfied to do the work for £ 1 , 000 a year . ( Hear , hoar , ) The Prime Minister mi ght come down to the House and say hc had reduced the number of the Horse Guards , saying , " See what I havo done—I have taken off some of the dead wei g hts . " Why , the Horse Guards cost £ 190 , 000 . lhe present commander-in-chief received £ 3 , 700 a year , with perquisites , whilst Lord Amherst , when commander-in-chief , received only £ 1 , 000 . ( Hear ,, hear . ) And with respect to the perquisites , they were as much looked after as a cook looked after the perquisites she possessed in thosuot . ( Laughter . ) " 'Tis from high life high characters are drawn—A saint in crape is twice a saint in lawn , " The honourable gentleman concluded by urging the necessity of tho middle and working classes possessing themselves of forty-shilling county franchises by thc means proposed by tlie council .

      Mr . Thomas Clark said : Sir , as the resolution now before us is an invitation to all classes of ltcformers to co operato with the promoters of this meeting , in carrying out tlie objects of the association over which you preside , and , as I have thc honour of being a Chartist myself— ( cheers)—aud of belonging to the Chartist party —( loud cheers)—than whom no body of men have , by priority at least , so much right to be heard upon this question ofthe suffrage . ( Hear , and cheers . ) I sm anxious to offer a few observations , not only upon the resolution itself , but also upon what has fallen from tho preceding speakers . Tiie Chairman , in opening

      the business of tbo meeting , seemed to mo to have had some dread of opposition and therefore ventured up"n a caution , bidding you to be aware of the influence of " Tory gold , " which , as be said , had been employed in causing divisions at other great meetings in different parts of tho country , lie appeared to me to havo insinuated this remark againsttho Chartists , owing to tho opposition which they at one time offered to the Auti-Corn-Law _League , when the same unfounded charge was made against them . ( Hear , hear . ) But , Sir . my _ol'j-. et in speakina here , Is not to foment disunion not to create derision . ( Cheers . ) -I therefore repudiate the _insinuation of th < - Chairman .

      Sir Joshua Walmsley bete rose and protested to the meeting that the _s-peaker was quite mistaken . He did not mem the Chartists—he repeat' d th t he did n « r . This announcement was received with loud cheers , Mr . Clauk continued : 1 am now pcrfcrtly satisfied _, the Chairman I avimr assured the meeting that he did not mean the Chartists . * ( Cheers . ) I w _^ _u'd have _l-een much better satisfied with the objects of the _assaciatinn , had thc suffrage been set forth the'oin as . 1 right V > which all men are entitled , and wholly untrammelled with rate-paying q _* a ificutions . Cheer- * . ) "Sri ! l , I cannot do- y that the enfranchisement of three millions and a halt' of tho _people is a most material consideration , and whilst I uphold the

      right ot suffrage to man , not _a- > a _ro-jij-tcred ratepayer , but as " MAN , lam not disposed to quarrel _witu those rct ' ormets who are no' prepared to go the 1 ntiic length with ma . ( Great cheering . ) I do not only . not tlnnk it advsahle to stop upon the way to quarrel witli them , but , on the contrary , I wish them success . ( _LMtd cheers ) I wish it , however , to be most clnarly wide : stood , that myself and those with whom _Ili-ve the honour to be allied , will never came t - strimgl 1-until all ave admitted within the pale ol the constitution . ( Loud cheers . ) And U is be cause I _'hh-k this _associ-mon will accelerate that grand and pa _< amount object that I wish it God speed . ( _Cheei's . ) The report which has boon md hy the honorary secretary sets forth that ' the main intent of this association is to abolish _clas .-

      legislation . ( Hear , hear . ) But , gentlemen _^ whatever the intent , that object _cmi never be realised .-o hug _asy- . up rant the prsent propertied qualification for simators to _remain in force . ( Hear , hear , and loud _ch-ers . ) The rules of this , association will remain radically defective until the -ibohtiou of " '' Property Qualifi ation" shall have mpde one of them . ( H' -ar _. hear , ) We rf the _laboaring classes have as much objection to being excluded from ihe [ louse of Commons as from the political frunchise . ( Cheers ) Surelv the toiler is as fit to make laws lor thisgreat indus " rial community as the idler ! ( Loud che _. rs ) The industrious only can _legts ate honestly for industry ! ( Hear , hear . ) AVe have been informed to-day , how advisable it n that the middle and working classes should _n-t quart el , and their _iast differences have been lamened . But , Sir , what have we learned from the facts so eloquently set forth bv tbe _honourable member for Middlesex ?

      Why that the Reformed parliament , which has boen in a urea" m easure the _representative of the middle classes has been more extravagant in expenditure of the ' public money , and more tyrannical in its conduct gene ally , than were the o'd _boroushmoneerin- ' pa liaments , and that Kussell , the pet ot the _middfe classes , has ben a greater spendthrift than Wellington ! ( Hear , and loud cheers . ) Will not the evidence of the honouablc member fur Middlesex , as to the conduct of the reformed parliament , iurnish some reason . for the feelings wliich the working classes have hitherto entertained towards the middle classes ? ( Hear , hear . ) The middle classes have been known to the working men only through the perfidy aiid ; tyranny , of the representatives of this _^ former in the House of Commons , and tLerefore , I repeat that the feelings of , the working classes have not been ground ess . ( Cheers . ) I do not however mention these things in a spirit of

      Public Meeting. Parliamentary And Financ...

      angry'indiciiveiie » s or for mriminatnr . _purposes — ( . Hit-era)—hut simply as a d . fence for my . 0 _* 11 order , ami as _priipii atury to a bet er iiii ' dcrs'ai ' . ditig in the future .-. ( Loud cheer : : . ) I wi' ! . _Imwcvi-r , add , that if anything could tend to keep alive the doubts of the working clas . si .-s as _t-i the designs of the middle classes , it is such conduct as . was pursued the other evening in thc House of Commo ' s , by many _o" tho most influential of thc liberal memoirs , on the molion of . Mr . D . nmmond , f .. rati inquiry into lhe . sys tem and _appliedi-ii of our _enormous _ia-v . tion . ( Hear , and cheers . ) I confessthat I was not only

      , surprised , but 1 was much _disappointed to find as " Tellers lor the government , for iu that _instance such they were iu effect , the names of Mr . Cobden , aud _Miiner Gibson . ( Hear , hear , and "Shame . " ) I am aware that there were some things said by Mr . _Drutumond , with which 1 would not identify myself , but yet i . e said many good things , and , as Mr Gibson himself said , the motion of Mr . Drmnmund was quite " unexceptional . " \ Vhy __ not , _therefore , take the motion upon its own intrinsic merits , and not _tai-e veimeance upon the motion instead of tho

      proposer ? ( Hear , and cho . rs . ) This , too , 1 ring * me to what has already been said by the lummtrable member for Middlesex , who , in the course of his able speech , pointed out the little union there is at _present among the friends of tho people in the House . I have no doubt but t e honourable gentleman spoke feelingly—spoke from experience , when he deplored the want of cordial understanding that existed amongst the few men in Parliament who are , one w ay or other , identified _wit-i the cause of pro * gress . As in the case of Mr . Drumraond , it appears to me that thero is a _childish jealousy as to who shall do the people any service , —( hear)—and , therefore , one will not unite to help the other . ( Hear , and _chei-rs . ) Now , sir , upon

      this platform at the present _moment there are six members of the House , including yourself , a l of whom profess liberal opinions , and 1 put it to the meeting , whether this recommendation from them to us to unite with each other , w uld not appear more consistent and have greater weight with us if they would themselves , set the example of union by acting together upon all occasions in parliament , and opposing every government , no matter whether Whig or Tory , in _evety instance , when the interests of the people require such opposition . ( Cheers . ) The enemies of the people in the Ik-use are strong through their union , and « o would our friends also be strong were they equally united . Mr . Clark concluded amidst loud cheering .

      Mr . _Josi-pii Sturgi * regretted that physical force principles bad too often been associated with the name of Chartism . No doubt many who had professed Chartism had been guiity of violence ; but as well might they charge Christianity with the evils of tho Established Church , or the horrors ofthe Inquisition , as to condemn Chartism because some of its supporters were mad enough to resort to physical _forco , ( Hoar , hear . ) Chartism was founded on Christian principles , and all that was wanted to secure its success was a revival of the motto of " Measures , not men . " So soon as good and honest men were found to carry them out , Chartist principles would assuredly triumph . ( Hear , hear . )

      Mr . _Piiillimore remarked that the object ofthe association was to obtain the-suffrage for no less that 3 , 712 , 670 of tho peoplo , and surely such a boon was worth struggling for without objecting that it did not go far enough . The Chairman then intimated that tho amendment proposed to the resolution was of so trivial a nature , that it had been determined to embody it in the resolution itself . The resolution having been accordingly amended , it was put from tho chair and carried unanimously . Mr . William Williams , the late member for Coventry , was then introduced to the meeting ns the mover of the next resolution , which was as follows : — " That , in the opinion of this meeting , the expenditure of the state is characterised by an extravagance the most reprehensible ; that to sustain this reckless waste an enormous amount of

      taxation is required , which , as now luvied , presses most unequally upon the different sections of the community ; tliat so large a proportion of the taxes is imposed upon the necessaries of life , that no economy nor self-denial on tho . part of the poor man can enable him to csc ! ti ! ( j from those-burthens- that the effects of such a system are not only cruel , arbitrary , and pernicious towards the industrious classes , but are calculated to produce the widespread demoralisation and those flagrant crimes which are the offspring of poverty and distress ; and that , therefore the whole -framework of taxation should be so altered as to adjust its burthens to the respective means of thoso who are to bear them . " They were told that one of the effects ofthe Reform

      Bill would be to reduce taxation ; but what had been the case ? Why , since the Reform 13111 was passed , the ta * _ses had increased no less than £ 4 , 000 , 000 , and tho expenditure £ 7 , 000 , 000 . The productive power of tho people had been fearfully reduced , and tho consequence was that last year 3 , 500 , 000 received parochial relief , and 100 , 000 were committed to prison for crime . Surely , then , if something were not done to stay tho further pro - gross of this downward system they might live to toe a prophecy Sir James Graham published in a pamphlet thirty years ago to the effect that ' * whenever the country presents the spectacle of millions wanting bread , then would the people sweep away titles , pensions , and honours . " The only remedy for this complication of evils was Parliamentary Reform ' ; it was useless to expect Financial Reform

      till that had been attained . When Lord John Russell introduced the Reform Bill , ho made use of these remarkable words : " I propose by this bill that the people shall send to the Commons House of Parliament their real representatives , to deliberate on their wants , to consult on their interests , to consider their grievances , to hold tlie purse-strings of the nation , to lay the foundation for salutary changes in the well-being and comforts of the people , and that laws shall not be passed for the benefit of classes by men roused from their slumbers at twelve o ' clock at night to vote for what they knew not . " ( Laughter . ) Now , he hoped when Lord John Russell saw the report of this meeting in thc public press , he would lose no time in sending a subscription to qualify him a member of the association - but , at aU events , they wanted no more than what was hero promised , and with less they would not be satisfied . ( Cheers . )

      Mr . Samuel _Moi-ley , in seconding thc resolution , sa / d he was connected with a house in the City that employed upwards of 2 , 000 men ; and as he had learned from experience that the wages of lahour were higher when bread was cheap than when it was dear , he was somewhat surprised to find that Mr . Roebuck , at a meeting in Sheffield , had asserted the contrary . Iu several districts , doubtless , wages were regulated in some respect hy thc price of bread , but in manufacturing neighbourhoods wages were regulated by the demand for l _.-ivour . Dr . Lo . ngstaff supported the resolution , and advocated a svstem of direct taxation .

      Mr . Lawrence IIeywoutii , M . P ., did the same , observing that at present £ 35 , 000 , 000 wero extracted from the pockets of the poor man in thc shape of direct taxation , whieh otherwise would bo appliedat least a great portion of it—to the purchase of articles of consumption , _t ' _-nd thus add to tiie productive powers of the country . If a , direct tax often ' per cent , were adopted , it would induce all parties , from the nobleman witli an income of £ 300 , 000 _ayc-itr down to the poorest operative , to sec that thc money was pioperly expended for the benefit uf the state . _A ' o-sinecures would exist . under . such a system , its it would have the effect of making every man a . _watch-doir upon the acts ofthe government . ( Alaugh . ) The resolution , like the other , was then _jhic from the ' chair and carried unanimously . >

      Mr . D . Wiiik proposed the third and iast resolution , as follows : — " That in the opinion of this meeting , the Commons House of Parliament , as at pre , sent constituted , represents neither the popuuuionthe property , nor the industry ofthe _country ; that the election of its members has in numerous instances been the result of bribery and corruption , coercion and intimidation ; that the electoral distributions present the monstrous anomaly of a lev * hundred voters iu some districts returning as many members its several thousand constituents in other districts ; that the Reform Act has totally failed to realise thc expectations of the country , or to harmonise with the spirit of the age ; and that therefore a large extension of thc franchise , a complete independence In its exercise by meal ' s of the ballot , a more equal apportionment of representatives to population , and the limitation of parliament to three years , become not only measures of common justice , but also of prudence or safety . "

      Mr . ( f . W . M . U ' etsolvs , the editor of a cheap periodical , in seconding the resolution , announced himself to be an ultra-Republican , and in a violent strain proceeded to insist that every man who conformed to the laws had a ri ght to he represented in tho House of Commons . After protesting , amidst much impatience on the part of the meeting , that thc aristocracy were moro tyrannical anddespicable than any in the world , and that one-half of them had obtained their possessions by the prostitution of their female ancestors in thc time of Charles II ; , he recommended his hearers to study his own writings , where they would find all these political questions treated with freedom and liberality . Some confusion arose out of the intemperance of Mr . Reynolds ' s language , but it soon subsided , when tho resolution * » vas put to a show of hands and carried unanimously .

      Thanks were then voted to the Chairman , who briefly acknowledged the compliment , and the meeting broke up shortly after five o ' clock .

      Death From L'Ltioiit.—As A Young Woman W...

      Death from l _' ltioiiT . —As a young woman was passing the church-yard , . Weymouth , a few days since , in the dusk of the evening , a small dog belonging fo a person residing close by , jumped through the rails suddenly as she passed . She immediately walked to her father ' s house ,- near tbe spot , had seven fits , and expired the next day .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 26, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_26051849/page/5/