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Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th November 1848, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, EXECUTIVE NOTICE. TO THE PEOPLE. Despoti...

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    • u Hieto fore-wiCTSi ** t» ba fbre-armed."
    • "Tne folly of to-day ia the wisdom of to-morrow
    • €mtt$t imeingmrei
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      U Hieto Fore-Wictsi ** T» Ba Fbre-Armed."

      u _Hieto _fore-wiCTSi _** t » ba _fbre-armed . "

      » Al) All Who Live By Industry. 3,1 _ U ...

      » Al ) ALL WHO LIVE BY INDUSTRY . 3 , 1 _ U Friekds , irherhe present is perhaps the most important ! « -js -js that has occurred in the annals of iitislitish _Wstory since the revolution of 1683 . « e s % e _systen * based uPon l revolution has , for jB _\_\ _jit century , been so strongly impregnated tthcth corrup tion that mortification has sec in , nd n \ d nothing but the profoundest skill , skilfuUy w lie P liea , cansaveit . ' _XftXfe bave passed through a very tftmpesklousious season of part spring , the whole of

      _sumter _s . er and autumn , and a portion of winter , and , uanhank God , we have escaped the horrors of _noseiose bloody revolutions to which tbe « _n-Dveover _« aed and ill-governed working classes aaveave been excited by false hope and mighty ironromises ; and now that the reviled principle of _llhathartism , which I have frequently told you . voui'ould one day , in defiance of all opposition , be _Moruore powerful than the cannon ' s roar , has ( incence more proclaimed its resuscitation , when ill ell clap-traps have died a natural death , it be-¦ iomomes our duty to sae that its" new birth unto iighighteousness" is _notatained , stunted , or _cripuleoled by our own folly or the sophistry of _nthithers .

      1 The animal has shot its bristles forth again , andndiminished in number and unblunted by _iiepersecution , and as now one of your recogiaisaised leaders , it becomes my duty to submit to j rotrou those means by which I hope to see the mabational resources cultivated by the nation ' s iindndustry for the benefit of the native people . . AtAt this season of former . years it has been the xu custom of the faction leaders to get np a kind i of of Christmas political pantomime to amuse the igagaping and divert the dissatisfied ; but , alas ! ththeir every warlike nostrum ( for Free Trade wares to be carried by the masses marching to

      babatUe ) having failed , they would now lure we wiworking classes , designated as revolutionists aiand anarchists , into this FASCINATING _^ UNIVERSAL PEACE-TRAP . Bu t , as to b ( be fore-warned is to be fore-armed , so the best w way to preserve peace is to be prepared for w war * and the best preparation for war is , that e every man should have his sentry box and 1 ? labour-field to defend , andthat every ; man _' s fi family should be the ; pride of his existence . I But before I come to the consideration of a f few other baits , let me submit to you what < ought to be our future policy .

      • * As long as we have kept within the narrow 1 limits of the narrowed law , as prescribed by 1 the narrow intellect of hired officials , ire Lave , 1 though persecuted , triumphed over all ; and while the failure of Free Trade and the worse than failure of the old Repeal agitation—the show box being now for sale—has proved not only the fallacy of those measures but the incompetency of their prepounders , Chartism still remains as the accepted principle of ihe millions , and why ? Because we have never varied its principles to suit the changing mind or the grasping selfishness of man .

      Every year we have had our Parliament , and when the deliberations of those assemblies were not operated upon by the enthusiasm of the rash , or the villany of spies and informers , they have given an impetus to our cause ; and now that tyranny gloats over its triumph , and when the Whig ; Attorney-General in 1818 may hug himself in the same fond hope that his predecessor did in 1839 , that Chartism was dead and buried , let ui answer him , as we did his predecessor , by proclaiming its resurrection , and the mode " which I propose for its accomp lishment is this : — <

      Let all who have a sincere belief , not only in the truth , but in the justice of Chartist principles , at once enrol themselves as Chartists in their several localities , without the payment of any fee , and on the first Monday in March—after the Executive of the Chartist Association shall have divided the country into forty-nine districts—let those several districts , aft er due notice legally given , proceed to elect their delegates to a Convention to sit in London , to meet on the first Monday in April , for the purpose of superintending the presentation of petitions to Parliament , and for the

      purpose of submitting to tfae working classes of London , in public meetings assembled , a digest of the Labour Question , prepared and accepted by their representatives in the Convention;—not snch a solution ofthe Labour Qestion as would lead the idle to believe that they could live in affluent idleness , bnt such a solution as will convince all , that the most profitable cultivation of the national resources would make the rich richer , and the poorrich , and that then the advocates of Labour will sanction the punishment of wilful idleness .

      t * My friends , would to God that the aristo _cratic trades of England would appoint the same time for holding a LABOUR CON VENT ION , if they p leased , altogether divested of political character , and . the two Conventions sitting- at tfae same time , and dispassionately and maturely discussing- the rig hts of Labour , and the mode of achieving those rights , would give an impetus to the cause of Labour , which no power on earth could resist We might , also , have a cheap public Dinner , to which those . Members of Parliament favourable to our cause might be

      invited- and , although it is premature to express even the hope , what would I give that nothing but cold water should be thebeyerage , and that teetotalism was the qualification for your representatives . Let the working classes in their several localities subscribe , not a penny a week , nor a penny a month , but a halfpenny each , to he sent through their delegates , to constitute a premium for the best essay on the Rights of Labour , and the mode of acquiring them , and let the Convention be the judges in the natter .

      In such case the delegates elected upon the first Monday in March would , if they chose to enter the lists , have ample time for preparation before the day of meeting , while the long winter nights will afford all an opportunity of instructing themselves , and for preparing a proper digest of their thoughts . The classes that oppress the poor—the religious classes , the Free Trade classes , and all other classes—have adopted this method of condensing thought and circulating opinion ; and why should Labour reject it ? No plan has gone further to

      improve the system of agriculture than that of jriving prizes for the best essays on the sci ence . I will add—cheerfully add—20 _£ to the fund ; and in order that one " star" should Dot eclip se the minor lights , I would propose that we have a first , a second , and a third prize ; that the writer of the first Prize Essay should receive 100 / . ; the writer of the second Prize Essay . 501 ., and the writer of the third _Prize Essay , 30 / . ; and that each should be presented with a handsomely-bound copy of the several essays ; that the essays should then become the property of the Association , and e published for its _' benefit .

      I would also propose that several meetings be held in London each nhjht , and that those jneetingsbe attended by the delegates . The localities to be named by the Convention , and ¦ hat their duties shall be the development and " _^ _nple explanation of the Labour Question , «¦* of the principles of the PEOPLE'S _CHARTER . _-f hen , as to Petitions to the House of _Commons , what I would recommend is , that one _N ational Petition be adopted by all ; that that

      Petition be signed , in presence of witnesses , by _Pities in their several localities , and that each _Vi and district transmit its petition to the te _Ptesentative ofthetownor district , to be Presented by him to Parliament ; and that tbe _'PPOinteJ secretaries inthe several towns and _* jstricts shall communicate , throug h the _Chair-** hiA ~ the Convention , the exact number of _^ _atures that each petition contains

      . H hat I _meau by National Petition ie , that _JJv town and district shall adopt the same _Potion , and attach the signatures of that

      » Al) All Who Live By Industry. 3,1 _ U ...

      town and district to it , so that there may be no confusion occasioned by one hon . Member stating that his constituents- petitioned for oae thing , while the constituents of another hon . Member petitioned for another thing ; and the petition should be as concise , emphatic , and unmistakeable as possible , the drawing of which may be entrusted to the Executive . My friends , you may rest assured that you cannot be guilty of a greater folly than that of protesting against petitioning . I am myself opposed to any more National Petitions , hut rest assured that what the enemy most dreads

      is the announcement , through the House of Commons , of the number of working men who are in favour of the principles of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER . You possess no possible channel through which you can make y our sentiments—and your devotion W those sentiments—known ; you possess no other means by which you . can convince your tyrants that the mind , the devotion , and resolution of ' 49 is not to be measured by the unconstitutional tyranny and persecution of 1848 . " If you have difficulties to meet , " said the Shropshire Quaker , " get up in the morning , and you will beat them , but if you lie in bed they will beat you . ' *

      My friends , again I say , at no period of Enggland ' s history—nay , of the world ' s historywas energy upon the part of Labour so indispensable as at the present moment . If you had achieved the Charter when you achieved Reform , tbe principle would have been frittered away by entangled and inexplicable details , as the principle of Reform was * and the reason why the enemies of Labour are averse to the principles of the Charter , is because knowledge is power , and because—through the knowledge which you have acquired during the last eleven years—they see the impossibility of

      destroying the value of the PEOPLE'S CHARTER by cumbrous and inexplicable de , tails . In Paris , in Frankfort , in Vienna , and Berlin , they bave had revolutions , battles , and slaughter , and all because not a man in any Assembly was prepared with a proper solution of the Labour Question , And hence , despotism and dictatorship have followed popular triumphs , while the poverty and misery ofthe labourer has increased . The French Constitution—the bag of moonshine—has been

      pompously proclaimed iamid fat soldiers and lean artisans ; and why ? Because , in the moment of hesitation , and during the interval between the destruction of one system and the adoption of another , the upper and middle classes have wherewithal to live upon in idleness , while the poor are cajoled and fascinated by pitiful gratuities for a . period sufficiently long to allow the new oppressors to frame and model their new engines of torture , which the deceived and disheartened labourer is not prepared to resist .

      Upon the other hand , if the Charterwhich I contend is the basis of the English Constitution—was proclaimed to-morrow , not a day , nay , not an hour , would pass without a rigid preparation upon the part ofthe millions to give to it its legitimate effect . The manner in which municipal electors are seduced by small gratuities to vote for the briber , furnishes no proof of popular venality or indifference * in the one case , the powers conferred are comparatively limited and insignificant ; in the other case , they are important and national . Nothing is more easy

      than ta taunt a cowed and oppressed people with ignorance , when want of knowledge is urged as a justification for withholding right . Butopen the market for knowledge to-morrow , and those who now stigmatise the labourer as ignorant , would then appeal to his profound knowledge as the means of securing their own promotion . My friends , quote for me the words of any titled hereditary legislator ; of any , the greatest , statesman ; of any , the most profound , philosopher ; of any , the greatest , speaker or writer ; that for wisdom will bear comparison with the Yorkshire weaver , the Manchester spinner , or the Chester cobbler .

      The Yorkshire weaver , when taunted for his ignorance by Earl Fitzwilliam , and upon being asked what he knew about Parliament , rep lied : — " I know that all the stuff * ee the world , war made for aU the folk ' ee the world , and 1 han ' t got my share of it . " The Manchester weaver ( _Butterworth ) , when asked by the League what objection he had to machinery , answered : — " You may go to bed by machinery , and dress by machinery ; you may eat by machinery , and drink by machinery , so long as YOUR MACHINERY doesn't take MY BED from under me , the clothes from my back , and the food from my mouth . "

      Tbe Chester cobbler ( Daniel ) , with a family of a wife and ten children , when asked by the childless Lord Bishop of Chester , if he was not aware that the poverty of the people was the result of their own idleness and immorality ; and if he was mot aware that God never created a mouth in this world that he did not create wherewithal to put into it ; Daniel replied : — " Yea , my lord , I know that d d well , but the differ lies here ; that God Almighty has sent all the mouths to my shop , and Parliament sent all the meat to thine . " Now , then , Chartists , let your watchword once more be : —

      " Onward and wa conqaer , Backward snd we fall . " Never put off till to-morrow what can be done to-day . The time is short , Parliament meets in ten weeks . "We have passed through a fiery ordeal of nine months ; arm me with the popular will outside , and I will declare its omnipotence inside . The principles of the Charter have not yet been submitted to this Parliament , but they shall be in tbe approaching session , aad I will take care that no indiscretion npon my part shall subject your cause to weakness outside , or to taunt inside ; while I rely upon you to shield it from the spy and the informer , by keeping within the strict limits of the law—narrow as those limits

      may be . I tell you that it is wholly and utterly impossible for the present system to stand , with all the surrounding monarchies of _Europe crumbling into ruins ; and I tell you that the only justification that the factions can invent for uniting against the people , will be found in the FOLLY OF THE PEOPLE . Let us strip the enemy of this delusive pretext , by showing that those who legitimately contend for right will be able legitimately to exercise that right .

      Working men ! accept no crotchet , accept no princip le but the Charter ; as , rel y upon it , all else is moonshine , and . only suggested by the cunning of the deceitful and 6 elf-interested , who would lure you into the trap—a bit by bit reform—thusdisuniting your ranks , while union is the . indispensable element of success ; and while every one of their nostrums have but tended to increase yonr misery . Chartists , do your duty , and I shall be prepared to do mine . But failing in the performance of yours , the efficient performance of mine becomes an impossibility , and therefore with vou rests the solution and success of the Labour Question . Your faithful friend , Feargus O'Connor . !

      — ••F—Mmiawma—*-^Mmfa—-Aa ^Aaaaaaa- ,.„ ...

      — _f—mmiaWma—* - _^ _mmfa— -aa _^ aaaaaaa- ,. „ . .,. ¦ - I _, I a- —mmmmmm 11 _^ n . m . - .- _jm

      And National Trades' Journal. ¦ ¦¦- -¦ •...

      AND NATIONAL TRADES' _JOURNAL . ¦ ¦¦ - - ¦ __ * . -v . . ¦ - ¦ ¦

      Vol- Xii. No 579^ London, Saturdayvnovmb...

      VOL- XII . No 579 _^ LONDON , SATURDAYvNOvMbEII 25 , 1848 . - _^ _-SSJSSSStT * --= ¦ * _' ' . -i

      "Tne Folly Of To-Day Ia The Wisdom Of To-Morrow

      "Tne folly of to-day ia the wisdom of to-morrow

      To The Working Classes. My Friends, I Am...

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES . My Friends , I am not going to impose another letter upon you , but duty compels me to warn you of what has been many a time fatal to your cause , namely , the temporary abandonment of the great luminary to go in quest of moonshine . If anyone thing more than another has been injurious to the cause of Chartism , it has been the running after this moonshine , and as it is very likely that several shades of the flickering light are still in store for us , we must not follow them .

      Mr Oastler has been a very good friend to the poor , and a very able advocate of their social rights , but he should have learned by this time , that to free labour from the shackles of capital , labour must participate in making the laws by which the profits upon both are to be regulated . Mr Oastler , in his letters of last week , appeals to the ghost ofthe Tory Eldon , to clerical piety , and toja Free Trade manufacturer ' s concession of error ,. as a means of assisting the working classes , but it 18 my duty to tell you tbat all such reliance is mere moonshine , andthat if your business is to be done , you must do it for _^ yourselves , and in corroboration ofthe truth of my motto , I beg leave to reprint the letter of Mr William Rand , a convert of Free Trade , and selected by Mr Oastler as a proof of his wisdom . Here is the letter : —¦

      "A period _wnen the trade of tbis important part of tue kingdom is in & mo & t depressed condition — When social evils of an extensive and alarming character bare , on many occasions , disturbed the public peace , and put in jeopardy the very safety of _Bttciety in the manufacturing districts—a period when our workhouses are filled with the destitute and our gaols with the disaffected — when thousands ar « out of work—whea tbe middle classes , the shopkeepers , and other tradesmen , are , in addition to the almost entire absence of profits , absolutely eaten up with poor rates and other local hardens , in addition to the general taxation ofthe conntry .

      "Io that constant stream ot immigration from the rural parte of the country into the large towns and villages of the manufacturing districts , which has been going on for years , accumulating in such numbers that it is to ally impossible for tbem to find employment , and , as a necessary consequence , requiring an amount of poor rate for their relief absolutely ruinous . " Now , working men ; have you not read this announcement fifty—yea , a hundred-times before Mr Rands conversion . Have they not been . your sentiments and mine , repeated to surfeit , until our fourteen years ' folly has , after dear-bought experience , become Free Trade wisdom .

      The repeal of the Poor Laws--the tinkering with factory labour—the reliance upon dead Tory chancellors—living Tory parsons , ' or converted Free Traders , is all bam . You are aware that the columns of the Star are open to all who choose to propound their theories , but that the publication ef those theories by no means pledges you or me to acquiescence in them . Your faithful Servant , Feargus O'Connor .

      Executive Notice. To The People. Despoti...

      EXECUTIVE NOTICE . TO THE PEOPLE . Despotism rules abroad : Mammonism at home , All governments exist and depend upon society _, ignorant people have despotic kings , and slaves have _slave-otvners . if nations will be free , thought must be revolutionised , institutions changed , and the bold and honest in all lands must reason , resolve , and act . ' or

      In eight days from this date our plan of organisation will be before you—our policy and principles published for your approval or rejection . Ia our late address we declared to you our intention , and we now ask of you to provide us with funds so that those intentions may be practised with celerity and effect . We are in earnest , and call upon you to prove to us , audio the struggling races of all lands , that you Trill to be free . Let it not be said that j ou want means . A nation of six millions of adult workers must have the means , if the people have the will . See to it , you old soldiers in the empire of reason and justice ; let every friend send his mite , and every locality its subscription , forthwith . We wait the result of this appeal . If you are with us , you will support your own cause ; if not , let us know our true position .

      Signed on _behailof tbe Executive Council , Philip M'Gbath , Thomas Clark , William Dixon , Edmund _Stalwood , G . Julian Harney , Samuel Kydd , Secretary

      The Land Conference. [This Letter Should...

      THE LAND CONFERENCE . [ This letter should have appeared last week . ] Ia jastice to Mr Kydd , 1 publish the _fallowing letter , and regret that 1 made a mistake in the name of the delegate with reference to the question named in Mr Kydd _' s letter .- _Fbahoos _O'Cshhor . ' 23 , Upper Seymour Street , _Euston Square , November 11 , 1848 , ' Deab Sib , —I write to call your attention to a statement in yonr letter , as published in thia day ' s Stab . You write , 'Mr Kydd then asked , how it happened tbat the amount of clerks was so much larger than that under Mr Wheeler ' s management . '

      ' The faot is , Mr Kydd never said a word on the subjeot either in Conference or oat of it ; he does not , however , think it necessary to write to the editor , as neither tbe text nor strictures thereon are important , and merely correct the mistake for your private information . _Altogether he considers your letter as able a compendium of a debate—and aa fair a commentary as he hai read for many s day , and remain your obedient servant , " 'S . M . Kidd . F . _O'Coshob , _Es-j . '

      'Bradford , November l & h . * Sis—I whh you to correct the following statement , which Mr O'Connor , in his Letter , makes me to say—that I ( Robert Ryder ) never saw Mr Ctulioeham drunk on any of the estates in all ray life . The cbarge of being drank on the estates was not brought against Mr Cullingham . Ihe charge was being treated by , and drinking with , the carters , which I believe to be false ; and every indi vidual who regards a man ' s character , will aay the aame as I did . When Mr Cullinghatn appealed to me as to the charge being true , 1 said ' Certainly not ; ' meaning that the oharge was not true . As to hia being drank on the estates , is not my business i therefore I do not wish to interfere with his private charaoter . 1 believe him to be a different manhaving better habits than skulking and drinking with the carters . ' I am , yours fraternal !*' , R Rxdbr . '

      Facts Ton Fbbk Tradkes.—Au Eminent Londo...

      Facts ton Fbbk Tradkes . —Au eminent London ship broker , in writing to his correspondents in the conntry within the hut few days , gives the following striking illustrations of the fallacy of reciprocity and Free Trade movements , ia the mercantile world . Under the head of ' contracts , ' the French government , disregarding the reciprocity treaties which existed between this conntry and the French Republio , have inserted a clause in their contract for coals to be furnished fer the use of the French car / , to the effect that tbey are to be carried in none but French bottoms—thus striking a blow at the Free Traders and Navigation Law abolitionists of this conntry , which muBt convince them of the futility matter of reci

      of their anticipations in the general - procity . Our American _neighhoun , having _^ lso an eye to the encouragement of their own trade , have in-erted a clause in all contracts for railroad iron which have been sent from this country during the year stipulating that tb ' w commodity must not be earned in an y but American bottoms . It will thus be seen that our two powerful neighbours are willing to take our iron and coal , but they arc determined , as far as in them lies , to damage our shipping ; These facta , of which the English maritime m ; _ereats were bo long and so often forewarned by Lord George Beninck , are _nsw becoming matters of daily occurrence , and will speak for themselves . — Liverpool Courier .

      €Mtt$T Imeingmrei

      € mtt $ t _imeingmrei

      Tax Osward March Of Chartism.— On Friday...

      Tax _Osward March of Chartism . — On Friday evening , the 17 th instant , that portion of tbe Executive Council residing in the metropolis , held its second meeting in the National Land Company ' s Rooms , High Holborn : present —Messrs Kydd , Stallwood , Clark , M'Grath , and G . Julian Harney . --Mr M'Grath was called to the chair . —The Secretary read a letter from the West Riding of York , requesting tha services of Mr Kydd toleolare in that extensive district . It was arranged that Mr Kydd Bhould , visit Yorkshire on an early day .- A letter was likewise read from Mr Donovan IManohester ) , in which he stated that he had reported to hia stituents

      con the resultB of tbe Birmingham meeting , with whioh they were muoh gratified . With respect to the Defence Fund , he begged to state that they ( the men of'Manchester ) , throogh their council , had entered info an arrangement with Mr W . P . Roberts to defray / _Q-q expense of defending tho Manchester men at the ensuing Lancaster _asBiza . — Messrs Kydd and M'Grath reported the result of their visit to . tho London Viotim Committee , nnd the _di'ftisiisti' thereon at the Dean Street meeting : when Mr Stallwood said , tbat having beard the report , and having boen present at Dean Street , ns well as being cognisant of proceedings elsewhere , and feeling the necessity of the Executive Council having the _Buppattofall good Chartists _, whilst . they did not

      depart frora t & e spirit or tae Birmingham resolutions . b « thought to gain the great objeot they had io view , they _osuld not do better than aot in a conciliatory manner ; After paying a high compliment to the present London Viotim Committee for their very business like habits , and their industry and general philanthropy , he moved the following resolution : * That the present Metropolitan Victim Committee be henceforth constituted the National Victim and Defence Committee conjointly with the members of the Executive Council of the National Charter Association '—Wbioh was seconded by Mr Clark , supported by Mr Kydd , and carried _nnanimously . —The Secretary then submitted a list of local councillors from Manchester , which was duly confirmed . —Mr Harney ,

      in accordance with notice , moved— ' That the Plan of Organisation be read , with a view to suoh revision and amendments sb time and circumstances may have rendered necessary . ' Seconded and unanimously adopted . Read accordingly . On tho motion of Messrs Clark and M'Grath , it was resolved—1 That the association be oalled the National Charter _Assooiatisn ef Great Britain / And on the motion of Messrs Clark and Stallwood—* That the Association be one and indivisible / Mr Stallwood moved and Mr Clark seoonded—* That eaoh member of the Association shall subscribe fonr shillings annually , one half of which shall be forwarded direct to the General Seoretary , for the general purposes of the Association—the other half to be retainedto defray

      , local expenses ; such subscription may foe paid by instalments of not less than ene penny pet week ; no person ' s name to be registered on the books of the Association as a member until he _sbtJl have paid one shilling , ' Mr Harney moved— ' That each member pay to the general fund one shilling per annum , and that eaoh locality defray its own expenses ; that no person be entered as a member until such time as the _shilling be paid—such sum to be paid by instalments or otherwise / Mr Kydd seconded the amendment . After a Jong and able discussion , in whioh every member present took put , Mr SUllwood ' _s motion was adopted . The following was on the motion of the same unanimously adopted— ' That no looal agent shall retain in hand mere than five _ahillinos arm * -.

      taining to the general fund , but shall remit suoh sum or sums as he may receive to the general Secretary forthwith . ' ' That cards of membership be igiued at a oharge of one penny eaoh . ' On the motion of Messrs Harney and Kydd , it was unanimously resolved— ' That an Annual Conference be held on the first _M-nday in May , the first to take place on Monday , May the 7 th , 1849 . '—The _abi > ve were the prinoipal amendments made . The revised rules were ordered to be submitted in their entirety to the next meeting . The Secretary was instructed to draw np an address to the oountry , and the council adjourned until the Uth inst : Ths _Fsoflb ' s Charteb . —Last week , a public meeting , convened by placard , was held at the

      Literary snd Scientific Institution ,. John Street , Fitzroy Square . Mr James Watson was unanimously called to the chair , and said : After a long elapse , we bave again met to renew the agitation for those political _andsocial privileges whioh have been bo long withheld from us . Recent ciroumstances had not damped hiB ardour . The prinoiples were good , and no amount of obloquy that could be thrown on them could prevent their ultimately becoming the law of the land . The evils under whioh society laboured were _inourable , without the principle ef representation as laid down in the People ' s Charter . ( Loud oheers . ) He trusted the labouring population , would cherish tbose principles as dearly as their daily bread —ahd men who felt thus , would sever fail to render

      such a support as must cause them to _become the adopted of the whole community . ( Hear , hear . ) Too resolutions would be submitted to them—one expressive of their determination to continue the agitation for the Charter until success crowned their efforts—the other avowing their deadly hostility to the employment of spies by the government—and whilst he was not prepared to justify attacks on the police or government , yet he could , by ne means , excuse that government whioh had foBtered and supported tbe fabrication of those pests . He thought no modicum of reform , short of tbe People ' s Charter , would do any good ; nothing less than Universal Suffrage could werk well for the masses . ( Great applause ) Mr Watson here entered into some oi

      the effect * caused by class legislation * Amongst the most glaring were what was called ' Our Indian conquests '—and just let ub look at their _cost'in the shape of prise money , pensions , do . First , there W & J Sir Charles Napier , £ 70 , 000 . whilst a private soldier would get about h . 81 . ( Shame , shame ) Yet Sir Charles was not satisfied , because he had not obtained eo muoh as other 'Indian conquerors / Sir Gerald Legge obtained £ 150 , 000 , and a pension of £ 2 , 000 per annum for tbree generations ; _General Harris , £ 400 . 000 , and a Peerage ; Sir John Keane , a Peerage , and a pension of £ 2 , 000 per annum ; Sir n . Pottinger , a pension of £ 1 , 000 a-year , snd aco Ionia ) governmentship * Sir George Pollock , a seat in the Supreme Government of India , with £ 10 , 000 per

      annum ; SirH . Gough , a Peerage and £ 3 , 000 per annum * and last , not least , Sir Henry Hardinge , a Peerage , and how much prise money he did not know . These were Borne of the _vioious things he hoped to see corrected when they got the Charter . _Thatfortanate Genera !—( he Duke of Marlhirrughtoo , got the splendid Palace of Blenheim and £ 4 , 000 per annum , for , he knew not how many , generations . Ic had recently been well observed , that it would hava been well for us if wo had never woo the battle of RamUies , and then we _shou'd not have been troubled with Marlborough or his pension . Those monstrosities also prevailed in the church , the _iaWj . and every department of the state , and the sooner they had the Charterthe quicker they would

      , be enabled to apply the remedy ; ahd who would ventuie . to ssy _' tfast a remedy was not required f ( Re . bowed oheers . )—Mr G , J , _Holiyoske came forward to move tho first resolution as follows : — ' That while this meeting recognises the necessity of obedience to tbo laws oi sooiety , it recognises no right in any privileged orders to constitute themselves sooiety , to the exclusion of the rest of the community , every one of whom bas a juat claim to be considered in the making of the laws which he is bound to obey—a claim wbioh is recognised in bo scheme so plainly as inthe People ' s Charter / He said , hew as pleased to see Mr Watton in the chair on that occasion , as , some twenty years _ago , that gentleman came to town to aid and assist in puttiug down spies , and t ) en .

      pore tne bateful edicts of _Castlereagh ; and if Castlereagh s nefarious designs did not then succeed , he could not for a moment suppose those of Lord John would now . ( Much applause . ) It was said , 'If the people possessed power , they would govern the rich as badly as the nqh now governed them . ' Granted , _wey-night ; but if they did , it wauld be ignorance _^ 25 ,. _lr ! part * , _? hll 8 t ' on the _**" - * of ae 'Wi _« t was too often venality and vice . ( _Uear hear . ) But let _™? _it " _- _^ ' l P * d _* ** a * of _mwe to E _£ i ? _£ ~ they _"fc-P-y *•»•»«• •« have a hand _JL ?!? . _- " _?? , AeiB ? . ' - and property must be in a most pitiable condition when it feared to put itself m _., n T _^ J ° . l ! *• « _rr « M ' 0 t _6 rf tU _6 POOr n ££ i . _* y . th prMeil 1 t "Jstemeverybodyobtained H , ?» ' W ? 8 nd M ? SP fe th « Producer ; and surely a stronger reason could not be given for a wider di _* l 0

      2 ? _ftK * _, i ; H 8 ffas ao fastidious abeut 2 ? £ _& 5 * Uw , 8 hfc every _*»»« - ought to _possesi . suffio'ent common sense to judge for _himsel _* . and consequently be prepared to take the responsibility et Ma own actions .. However , he condemned the governmentTor sending agents amongst the peoplo to aeDauca and demoralise them . It awed -auoh for the _trutklulness of the People ' s Charter when the government resorted to such means to pnt it down . { Loud cheers . ) It was pleasing to know that the prinoiples they advocated were making so much progress . Mr Holyoake here passed a very high _com-Pbment on the meeting of delegates recently held at the Ship Ins , Birmingham , and * aid , were the feeling and prinoiples these enunciated only carried out by the masses , the whole people must _speedi ' y be admitted within the pale ofthe constitution , ( Great

      Tax Osward March Of Chartism.— On Friday...

      applause . )—Mr Addiscot seconded the motion—Mr Hyde , in supporting tbe resolution , invited his audience and democratic friends in general to attend the discussions in that building on Tnursday evening , on « The People ' s Charter , and its Probable Effects/—The . resolution wbb oarried _unanimeusly _. —Mr R . Moore rose to move the _seoond resolution as follows : — That white we disapprove of all _loheroes of violence , we feel the strongest indignation at tbe conduot of the government in first encouraging such scbemeB through the _. infamous spy system , and in afterwards punishing their victims with vindiotive cruelty . ' This resolution ! oalled for detestation on the heads of the government for employing spies ; if there was no conspiracy they immediately raised one . So with

      the Olivers , Edwardeea , _Castlea , and RichmondB ; these acted preoisely in the same way as the miscreant Powell and his associates had done ; in fact , Powell appeared to have made Oliver—who was , like himself , a carpenter-his model . He thought no language too strong to expregs his disgust of a _govermuetic who' could resort to suoh vile means . Although like _previous speakers , he did not agree with violent measures , io faot he belived them to be totally unnecessary , but he believed that ' attacks on property , firing houses , * ho ., ' were never thought of until suggested by the _misoreants to whom he had alluded . Even the very evidence these _fellowe had given on the recent trials , proved that no _censpiraoy . was thought of until long after the 10 th of April

      ( near , hear . ) Mr Moore _hsre entered at great length into the faots of the _government plot , aa elicited on the recent trials ; and traced the whole censpiraoy to the maohinations of government . Trusting that the people would be too cautious to fall into snch traps for the future , he had mnoh pleasure in proposing the resolution . ( Great applause . ) Mr Henry Hetherington , in seconding the reeolntion , said t Oar great failing had been that by our apathy we had allowed the middle and other classes to prevent the accomplishment of our objeots , but if the people would but arouse themselves this could never rector again ; and one great means of eff _noting this would be by Bowing the seed * of politioal and social information ia the workshops , and other places of

      resort of the working men . As regarded this resolution he would speak openly and publicly his opinion , and he advised others to follow this course , and then they never could become the viotirns of spies . Speak openly and persuadingly , gain the popular voice , and then tbere would be no occasion for _hrate force . The people were now beginning to think , and ask themselves why it was they were starving in the midst of plenty land such inquiries must lead to important _results . He ( Mr Hetherington ) would never cease in his endeavours , until he had put down a government who could resort to suoh base means as those alluded to ia this resolution . ( Loud oheers . ) He thought those who did not aspire to be more than slaves , deserved to remain slaves , and endure all the contingencies of slavery ss long as they

      lived . ( Loud cheers ) Tha resolution was carried unanimously . A vote of thanks was given to the chairman , and the meeting separated . Hoxton . —At a meeting of tbe Hoxton locality , on Sunday last , Mr Sumner proposed , and Mr- Parker seoonded , 'Thatthe members ef thiB locality , meeting at the Hope _, Coffee House , Bridport Place , fully concur in the plans proposed by tbe delegates of the late Conference—of the Exeoutive forming a National Victim and Defence Fund , and otherwise act * ing upon the old Plan of Organisation ; and feel muoh pleasure , at the same time , ia adopting a vote of thanks to Mr O'Connor and those friends , for their endeavours to resuscitate the ChartiBt movement by a policy so likely to ensure those principles we lore , and for which onr esteemed founder has so long laboured /

      _CsataAh Registration _Committsb . —At a meeting held in D < -au Street , on Tuesday , the 21 st instant , present—Messrs Milne , Stallwood , Grassby , Good *] win , snd Simpson—James Grassby was unanimously , eleoted trustee , instead of William Cuffey , now au unfortunate victim to Whig vengeance—after which the Committee adjourned fer a month , then to re-, assemble to aid in carrying into practice the pro * positions of the Executive Council of the National Charter Association . Ths Victim Comuitiek . —Star and Gabtbb , Kentish Town . —At a meeting of the members of this locality , on Monday evening last , the following resolution was unanimously o * urS *» l i— 'Tbat we , the members of this looality , are of opinion that there thonld ba ana National Victim Committee for the whole oountry ; and , having the fullest confidence in the Central Committee already formed , we are opposed to their being dissolved , but that

      tbe members of the Executive of the National Charter Association do form part of that Committee ; and that we do recommend the Chartists generally , in all parts of the country , to form committees in their several localities , for the purpose of raising funds to support the wives and families of our incarcerated brethren / Five shillings was voted for * the defence of our friends aboat to be tried at Liverpool . The members meet at the Star and Garter , Kentish Town , at eight o ' clock , every Monday evening . Tbs Victims . —Leamington—At a meeting of the Land members , the cases of Mra Jones and Mk M'Douall were brought before tbe meeting by J . White—after whioh a subscription was entered into , j amounting to 2 * . 5 d , when it waa agreed to adjourn the question to next Monday night , at eight o ' clock , ] when it is hoped that all persons favourable to that ! object will attend .

      Brukswiok Hall , Limehouse . —At a general meeting of the members of tbe above locality , on Monday , November 20 th , the following resolution was agreed to . Moved by Mr Limb , and seoonded by Mr Spiers;— ' That we , the members ot the Limehouse locality , highly approve of the amalgamation of the Metropolitan Viotim Committee with the members of tbe Executive _Couscil of the National Charter _Aosceia'ion , and we also give our sincere thanks to the Viotim Committee for their _z-alous and impartial oondaot since they have been in office / It was also moved , ands-conded , 'That , although we cannot approve of _eelf-eleoted bodies , but , at tbe same time , looking at the position in which Chartism is placed , and knowing that those who agreed to . form themselves into an Executive at the

      meeting at Birmingham are good and true _Democrats , we are of opinion that every Chartist should heartily concur in their election , and give them all the support in his power ( as we pledge ourselves to do . ' Birmingham ( Ship Ink ) . —At the usual we ? k ! y meeting on Sunday last , eleven shillings was collected for the General Viotim Committee . The subscription will be kept open till after Sunday , next , to give tbe Land members and CharthUs an opportunity of subscribing lor the defenoe and support of the wives and families of the Whig victims . A resolution was also passed for holding the anniversary supper of the Land Company and the Democratio Benefit _Society , meeting at the Ship , on Tuesday evening , December 26 . b .

      _Addbsbb of thb Calton _Chabtibts to Mr James Mom , Common Councilman ot Glasgow , on nu recbnt Triumphant Election , A meeting of the _Chiton . Chatter Association , took place on the 13 . h inst , in the Meohanics Institution , whioh was well attended . At a quarter past eight , the president took the chair , when a number of new members were enrolled . Mr Robert Alexander moved , and Mr James Rodiok seoonded . the adoption of the following address to Mr James Moir , who has so successfully defeated the Lord Provost at the recent eleotion . . ' Mechanics Institution , ' Canning Street , Ca'ton , 13 th Nov . 1848 . ' _IlosovRBD Sir , —We , the Chartists vi Calton ,

      hasten to congratulate you on yoor honourable position as member of the town council of Glasgow , which the _eleotors of the second ward in their wisdom have placed you in . We feel justly proud that you did not Bacrifice one single iota of the principles you have so long held in common with us—tbat you did not degrade yourself in the eyes of all upright men by a personal canvass , nor spend a farthing in any way to _purohase a place you so justly merit . Satisfied at the manner in which you bave entered _theosuncil , we feel assured you will conduct jourself in a manner honourable to yourself , and _satisfnn ' _ftw to tour friends-that you will show that the

      oMeote of Chartists are not to ruin , but to e . eyate both the middle and the working olasses-aot to disturb the peace ef aooietj , but to _deBttoy the ut * juat taxes and iniquitous laws , which are now shaking it to its centre , and , if not removed , will end in _general ruin . Go on , honoured Sir , in the way you have begun , and be as you always have been , a terrtr to your enemies , and a pride to all honest men . 1 Signed on behalf of the Calton Chartist Association . _'Joun Anderson , President . 1 Jambb Caibns , Treasurer . * _WiUiUMMACMBjSecretary . To Mr JaiibsIMoie /

      A deputation consisting of Messrs CaimB _, An . derBon , and Caniok , was then appointed to present the address to Mr Moir . Messrs . Mackie and Canick were also appointed to draw up _regulations for the guidance of the association . A vote of shanks was then given tethe chairman and the meeting dissolved . On Wednesday evening the deputation waited on Mr Moir , and npon Mr Canick ( reading tbe above address ) Mr Moir said : ' Gentlemen , 1 feel highly gratified with this token of respeot , and ( depend up *

      Tax Osward March Of Chartism.— On Friday...

      on it , I will do all I can to merit it . _ltf _ B 6 tt a same in conned as I have been for many _yenrs tha uncompromising advocate of tho people ' : ! rights Every day I live shows me the greater _necessity for the Charter becoming the law of the realm . I am aware that a great number of both Whig 3 and Tories voted for me at tbe recent eleotion , and I am determined that they shall not have cause to regret electing- a Chartist for their representative . I hops that I bq & U be able , in some _n * mure , tb relieve all parties from the burthens they so unjustly bear , and I will do all I can to aid the cau _* e of freedom , both

      civil and religious , and do unto ethers as I wouh ) they should do unto me . That is my . Christian prin * eiple , and on it is based Chartism . Such prinoiples I will never desert while I live / After some fori ther conversation the deputation withdrew , ; Rs _OROAsisMioN or Chabthm . — _BaiOHTOl-. — A pablio Meeting was held at the Artichoke Inn , on Tuesday evening , to consider the best means to re * organise the Chartists of tbiB town and ita _vicinirywhiori _, for spirit and animation , far exceeded any thing we have seen for some time past . Mr Mitchell having been called to the chair , Mr Flower ( a veteran of ' 78 ) . moved the first resolution : — 'Tnat thif meeting is of opinion that the old Plan of . Organisation , preceding the ono agreed to by the National Assembly , is the best that can be adopted at _present for tbe _attawmsBt of the People ' s Charter . We , therefore ado

      pt the same , with the determination to use ah legal and peaceable means to oause the Pertpie ' s Charter to become the law of the realm . ' Me Giles , in a pithy address , seconded the resolution , and was followed by otber speakers who supported the same , whioh being put from the chair was carried unanimously . —Mr John Wells moved , and Mr ? Williams seconded , the following resolution : — ' That seven persons , be nominated to tbe general Council of the National Charter Association , to conduct tha affairs of thia locality . ' Carried unanimously . Messrs Mitchell , Flower , _Tullett , Williams . , Page , Giles , and Harvey , were elected by the meeting . Ten shillings was collected for the Defence and Viotim Fund—The oounoil will attend to ei » w » l members at the Artichoke Ion , en Tuesday evening : Bext _, when the friends of liberty are requested to attend .

      _^ _Nswcasti * _s-os-T »> _jb —At the weekly oounoil meet * Mr of thia branch of the Charter Association , it w » 8 unanimously resolved : — ' That a _Bubecription be immediately opened , for the defence of those partiea who have to be tried at the Liverpool Assizes for _canspi _. racy / It iB hoped that | the friends and democrats of this town will Jecd their assistance with as little delay as possible . A subscription for the above purpose ia opened atthe Swalwell Reading Rooms . Mr Ilenry Fleck , of _Blaydon , has given one shilling , and trusts the men of Blaydon will not be behind in the geoi work .

      _Bsazoi ,. —A spirited meeting was held here on Tuesday evening , when a local council was formed , acd £ 1 5 s . oolleoted for the Defence and Victim Fund . Mr Charles Clark ' s eleotion to the Executive was _oonfirmed . The names of the Bristol Local Council ate , Hemy Finob , John Rogers , W . Tudor , W . Coombs , and John Anthony ; Charles Clark , seeretary _; W . Henry Hyatt , treasurer . Weekly meetings are held every Tuesday evening , at seven o ' olook , at Mr _Riohards ' s _, Castle Mill Street . Birmingham —Atthe usual weekly meeting in the People ' . * Hail , on Sunday evening , lengthy addresses were delivered by Mr King , and . Mr Ceorga White . Mr White caused much merriment strung the audience by his humorous description of prison ; Btated bis determination to defend himself at tho forthcoming trial , and called upon the country to

      provide for the families of the viotirns . Mr Goodwin read Mr O ' Connor ' s appeal to the Chartists , and urged the necessity of a becoming response . —Tha weekly meetings are well attended . Birmingham —A meeting was held at the Peo « pie ' s Hall , Birmingham , & few days ago , Mr A . Uelzlel in the chair , when a resolution was passed to the effeot tbat we , the Chartists of Birmingham ; duly recognise and will act in accordance with ths present Executive as provisionally eleoted ; but wa suggest to tbem the necessity ef immediately proceeding to be constitutionally eleoted—after whioh Mr King addressed the meeting . Mr G . White also addressed the meeting , upon _tbeMUclties _ptactind towards politioal prisoners , which will be of great service in arousing the energies of onr friends to support the Chartist victims and their families .

      _DSVBKCE Of TBB _JjARCASHIBE CHARTISM . —We * T 9 informed that , for the purpose of raising a fund for the defence of Chartists to be tried at the Winter Assizes , Mr Donovan intends _vistine Dewsbury , on Sunday ; November 29 th ; Huddersfield ; Monday ; _Doncaster ; Tuesday ; _Barnsley ; Wednesday ; Sheffield ; Thursday ; Mottram , Friday ; _Stalybridge , Sua " day ; and Hollinwood , on Monday , December 4 th .

      Forthcoming Chartist Meetings. Sutoax, N...

      FORTHCOMING CHARTIST MEETINGS . Sutoax , Nov . 26 th . —Mr Miles will lecture at the . People ' s Hall , Birmingham , at half-past six o ' clock . —A district delegate meeting at Mr Gilroy _' s , Cross Keys , West Holborn , South Shields , at two o ' clock : —At the Temperance Hotel , Hull , in the evening-—Mr James Leaob , of Manontstw , wilt leoture in ( tie Chartist Room . _Yerksim * _etx » t , iu _. w . * . ~ - ~ , . » six o ' olock . —Mr Finagan will lecture in the People ' s Institute , _Manchester , at bix o'olock . —At the Bricklayers' Arms , Tonbridge Street , New Road , Somora Town , at eight o'clock . The members of the Chartist library meet every Monday evening at the above

      house . —Mr Southwell will lecture at the Sou ; h L-ndon Chartist Hall , in the evening . — Mr John Shaw , of Leeds , will leoture in the long room , South Gate , Bradford , at ten o ' clock and two o ' clock . _Monuat , Nov . 27 th . —A meeting will be held at the Castle Inn , IpBwich . —A general meeting at the Democratic Reading Room , S 3 , Queen Street , Sheffield , at eight o ' cleoK . —Mr Skevington will deliver an address at the Wheat Sheaf , Loughborough , at eight o ' clock , —At Cartwright's Coffee House , Red Cro ? s Street , City , discussions every Monday and Thursday .

      Wbdhebdat , Nov . 22 ' h . —A meeting will be held at the Walters' Arms , Church Street , Deprtfod , at eight o ' olock . —A social meeting for the benefit of the Victim Fund , at the _Sauth London Chartist Hall . Sunday , Dec-. 3 rd . —Mr S . Kydd will leoture at the _Literary Institution , John Street , Fitiroy Square , in the evening .

      _LaBD . Saturday , Nov . 25 th . —A general meeting will be held in the School Room , Batte , Belper , at seven o ' clock , s WBAT , Nov . 26 _ie . —A meeting will be held at Mr Richard Hamer ' s , St Thomas Street , _Radcliffa Bridgft—At Hudson ' s Academy , 15 , Cross Street , Hatton Garden , ( City and Finsbury branob ) , at seven o ' clock . —At Mr John Parkes _' _s , Old Shildon _, at two o ' clook . —At the Bazaar , Leeds , every Sunday , at two o ' clock . —Sunderland and _Bishopwearmouth branches , atthe Royal Oak , Horns Lane , Sunderland , at two o ' clock .

      Monday , Nov . 27 th . —At the Prince of Walei Lodge Room . Malt Shovel , North Church Side , Hull , in the evening . —In Pullar ' _a Close , Murraygate , Dundee , at eight o ' olock . i Tubsdav , Nov . 28 ih . —At the Oak Inn , Cotton End , Warwick , at eight o ' clock . —At Mr Barnes ' s , Exeter Street , Chelsea , at half-past seven o ' clock . — At the Dake ef Lancaster , John Street , Kingsland road , at half . _past eight o ' clock . « Wedhksdat _, Nov . 29 _ih . —The Whittington and Cat branoh will meet at eight o ' clock . Sotdat , Dkc . 3 rd . —At Mr Finley ' _s , Stookerly Green , Iveston , at three o ' clock . —In Mr Jude ' _s long room , _Nawoastle-ou- 'fyne , at four _o'oUich . —At Mr Wood ' s , Smithy Brow , St Helen's . —In the Christian ' s meeting room , ileo ' ey Hill , Dukinfield , at two o ' olook .

      Mohday , Dae . 4 th —At the Wheatsheaf _, Longb _* borough , 8 t eight o ' clock . —In Mr Frackland ' e ruoa *» Lune-street , at eight o ' clock . —Meetings will be held at Halifax , atthe usual time and place .

      Wholesale Infanticide In Manchester.— He...

      Wholesale Infanticide in Manchester . — Here , in the . most advanced nation in Europe—in one of the largest towns in England—in the midst of a population unmatched for its energy , industry , manufacturing skill—in Manchester , the centre of a victorious agitation lor commercial freedom—aspiring to literary culture—where Percival wrote and Dalton lived—thirteen thousand three hundred and sixty-two children perished in seven years over and above the mortality natural to mankind . These 'little children , ' brought up in unclean dwellings and impure streets , were left alone long days by their mothers , to urea'he the subtle , sickly vapourssoothed by opium , a more * cursed' distillation than

      ' hebenon— and when assailed by mortal disease , their stomachs torn , their bodies convulsed , their brains bewildered , left to die without medical aidwhich , like Hope , should ' come to all—the skilled medical man never being called in at all , or only summoned to witness the death and sanction tbe funeral . State of the Codntrv . —The social aspect of the country was evinced on Monday in a manner at once deplorable and undeniable . The remaining estates of the Earl of Blessington were put np for sale , and were in every instance withdrawn , because purchasers were unwilling to approach the valuefe set upon thera by the receiver . If the whole had

      been put up in one lot this would not excite so much surprise , but it was not so . Tbe estates vrere divided into several portions of about 600 to 800 acres . The lettings of the laud are all under the ordnance valuation . They are situate in the best and most improving part of Tyrone , a peacefur ~ -nrj » _tliern county , yet in no instance coukL of those improved districts be _fttH than 20 to 21 years' purch _^ S rental . This is an evidence ofJ country whicV cannot he misapg

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1848, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_25111848/page/1/