Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th July 1846, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, -n THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST -CO-OPERATIVE LAUD ASSOCIATI O'S;

Page 1
Page 1
1 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • -n THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST -CO-OPERATIVE LAUD ASSOCIATI O'S;
    • Jmpmal parliament
  • Text (10)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      -N The Members Of The Chartist -Co-Operative Laud Associati O'S;

      -n THE MEMBERS OF THE CHARTIST -CO-OPERATIVE LAUD ASSOCIATI O'S ;

      Jlv Peak Friends,—You Cannoflook At The ...

      _jlv Peak Friends , —You _cannoflook at the re-• 0 ftbe Association for this week -without com-. t 0 tbe conclusion , that your confidence in the t _jnd p lan is likely to augment my labours to a considerable degree . It would be utterly impossible to describe lo yon the responsibility that I now begin » o attach to myself as the founder of tbe Association , md as the person to whom you look for the realization ofthe hopes held out to you . I know not to what jam to ascribe the enormous amount of money that jjsTecenfly come in ; some would attribute it to the profit made by the sale of Carpender ' s Farm , and o thers to the fame of the Herringsgate Cottages , _ubkh is being so extensively circulated . _^

      Ihave been occupied , this "week , in inspecting more Land , and I have this moment offered _£ 14 , 000 for an Estate , about which I am to receive an answer as speedily as possible . There is one thing that I tnsh to _reniind yon of- —It is this , that the fact of sot having land in possession does not at aU affect the ballot ; nor trill it postpone our operations by an hour ; and for this reason—we were not to get possession of Carpender ' s Farm till the 29 th September ; nor can we , at this time of year , when the lands are cropped , get possession of any lend nntil September . So that not an hour has ; been lost ; as I am now in treaty

      abont . four farms , of which I must not tell yon the situations , lest , as I before stated , the price may be raised ; of this , however , yon may be assured , thatthe land yoa will havej and that , in fact , we are now in a situation to purchase to a very large amount . Yon will see by my balance sheet tbat the society is now in a more _floorishingstare than we bad hoped to have seen it in ten years . The opposition of our enemies has and as much , as anything else , tended to j that result . Besides the ballot for as many members _« s 130 acres , the quantity contained in Carpender ' s , will locate , fhe ballot will also take place for Herringsgate Farm—that is , for the respective allotments that will fall to those who have drawn prizes .

      It is not at all unlikely that I shall shortly be called once more into the field of political agitation , and , _v-nne engaged in that pursuit , you may rest assured that I shall not forget the Land . It is all important that we should act in perfect harmony when the . struggle comes , and the policy that I propose is , DEATH TO WHIGGERY under any circumstances ; as , if yon feel like me , yon will shudder at the prospect of sucb a coalition-government as Russell , O'Connell , and the Times , with the Malthusian princip le to enlist tbe sympathy and support of the free trade and speculating interests .

      There are no lengths to which Russell will not go to retain power , at which O'Connell will stop to retain patronage , and that the Times will not go to secure the unopposed return for Berkshire , and a baronetcy for John Walter . Those are { tbe conditions upon which the co-operation of O'Connell and the Times has been secured , tbe old mode of Whig _government—bribery and corruption . The Times is already feeling its way backward , from tbe conviction , that , even its own prostitution and O'ConneU ' s venality , are not sufficient to sustain the weig ht ~ of Russell ' s incompetency and delinquency . If we

      can beat the Whigs this time , which we assuredly will , we shall have laid the foundation for a fusion of Chartists and Liberals ; but if we allow this Whig-O'Connell dodge to succeed , we shall be thrown back Immeasurably in our course . I have so much io do that I am obliged to confine my answers to correspondents within a very narrow compass ; and , in answer to tbe people of Leeds , Halifax , and Keighley , I can only say , that I am engaged at Bradford for Monday , the 3 rd of August , at Huddersfield ou Tuesday , and that I must hold myself engaged to attend the principal meeting intended to be convened by the people of Leeds , during the sitting of the Convention , and , therefore ,

      I cannot make any engagement until I know the day upon which the Leeds demonstration is to take place . The great demand upon onr columns this week compels me to be brief , and compels the Editor to exclude a considerable portion of matter . 1 mnst , therefore , conclude , with the expression of my gratification , at the state of preparedness in which the Chartist party is to oppose the old enemy . It was impossible for me to devote a moment of tbis week to the arrangement of my speech at Nottingham . I hope to have more time next week . I remain , Your faithful friend and bailiff , _Fsargus _O'CojrefOR .

      Address Of The German Democratic Commuot...

      ADDRESS OF THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC COMMUOTSTS OF BRUSSELS TO MR . FEAKGUS O'CONNOR . Sir . —We embrace the occasion of yonr splendid success at the Nottingham election to congratulate jou , aud through yoa the English Chartists , on this signal victory . We consider the defeat of a Free-Trade minister at the show of bands by an enormous Chartist majority , and at the Tery time , too , when Free-Trade principles are triumphant in the Legislature , we consider this , Sir , as a sign that the working classes of England are Tery well aware o f

      the position they have to take after the triumph of Free-Trade . We conclude from this fact that they know very well that now , when the middle classes have carried their chief measure , when they have only to replace the present weak go-between cabinet by an energetical , really middle-class ministry , in order to be the acknowledged ruling class of your country , that now tbe great struggle of capital and labour , of bourgeois and proletarian , most come to a decision . The ground is now cleared by the retreat of tbe landed aristocracy from tbe contest ; middle class and working class are tbe only classes betwixt

      whom there can be a possible struggle . The contending parties have their _respective battle cries forced upon them by their interests and mutual position : —tbe middle class—" extension of commerce by any means whatsoever , and _g , ministry of Lancashire cotton-lords to carry this out : " tbe working class—" a democratic reconstruction of the Constitution npon the basis ofthe People ' s Charter , " by which the working clas 3 will become the ruling -class of England . We rejoice to see ihe English

      working men fully aware of this altered state of parties ; of the new period Chartist agitation has entered into ; with the final defeat ofthe third party , the aristocracy ; of the prominent position which Chartism henceforth will and must occupy , in spite ofthe " conspiracy of silence" of the middle class I press ; and finally , of the new task , whicb fay these new circumstances has devolved upon them . That they are quite aware of this task is proved by their intention lo go to the poll at the next general election .

      We bave to congratulate you , Sir , in particular , upon your brilliant speech at the _Nottingham election , and the striking delineation given in it of the contrast between working class democracy and middle class liberalism . We congratulate you besides on the unanimous ? ote of confidence in you , spontaneously passed by the whole Chartist body on thc occasion of Thomas Cooper , tbe would-be respectable ' s calumnies . The

      Chartist party cannot but profit by the exclusion of such disguised bourgeois , who , while they show off with the name of Chartist for popularity ' s sake , strive to insinuate themselves into the favour of the middle classes by personal flattery of their literary representatives , ( such as the _Countessof Blessington , Charles Dickens , D . Jerrold , and other " friends " of Cooper ' s , ) and by propounding such base and infamous old women ' s doctrines as that of " non-resistance . Lastly , Sir , we havo to thank jou and your coadjutors for the noble and enlightened manner in

      Address Of The German Democratic Commuot...

      which the Northern Star is conducted . We hesitate not a moment in declaring tbat tbe Star is the only English newspaper , ( save , perhaps , the People ' s Journal , whicb we know from the Star only , ) which knows the real state of parties in England ; which is really and essentiall y democratic ; which is free from national and religious prejudice ; which sympathises with the democrats and wo rking men ( nowa-daysthe two are almost the same , ) all over the world ; which in all these points speaks the mind of

      tbe English working class , and therefore is the only English paper really worth reading for the continental democrats . We hereby declare that we shall do everything in our power to extend the circulation of the Northern Star on the continent , and tohave extracts from it translated in as many continental papers as possible . We beg to express these sentiments , Sir , as the acknowledged _representatiYea of many of the German communists in Germany , for all their . relations with foreign democrats .

      For the German Democratic Communists of

      Brussels . The Committee , Enokls , Ph . Gieor , Marx . Brussels . JmV lfth , 1846 .

      V Jy:Ik'-«&*5"-R.Ftffls^^

      v _jy : iK' _- _«&* 5 " _-r . _ftffls _^^

      And National Mades' Journal. ' "'- '' ' ...

      AND NATIONAL mADES' JOURNAL . ' " ' - '' ' ¦ _.. _'t-Us .-.. _* 'i _. ¦ -

      V X ¦ *V ' ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ Ol. . No. 454 Lon...

      V X ¦ _* _V ' ' ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ OL . . NO . 454 LONDON , SATURDAY , _^ Er _^^ _lM _^ _^^^ _p _^ _Tfiv _^ _ce „ r ~ . - - _% :-> :-. . . _„¦ .: _¦ ¦ - : _^ -, _¦¦?¦ _•; - _, ,. ¦ . ¦ _, ¦ .- ¦ •¦<¦ give _ShHHngn - and Sixpence per _Qtmrter

      Jmpmal Parliament

      Jmpmal _parliament

      House Of Lords.—Monday, Jolt 20. ' The H...

      HOUSE OF LORDS . —Monday , Jolt 20 . ' The House met at fire o ' clock . Tbe Earl of Fowia having presented a great many petitions against the nnion ofthe sees ef Bangor and St . Asaph , moved the second reading of the BUI to repeal so much of the Act as provided ibr the union of those sees _. The Marquis of Lassdowsk resisted the motion , and moved as an amendment that the Bill be read a second time tbat day three months . He was not prepared , having been only fifteen days in office , to give an opinion as to the expediency of creating

      additional bishoprics , or whether another order ef bishops , not having seats in their Lordships' House , should be established . It was too serious a matter to give a hasty opinion npon , but in reference to the bill then beforethe House , he felt bound to say "No " to it ; at the same time he did not wish to be understood as giving : a decided negative to the consideration of the subject at a future period . The Bishop of London declined voting either for or against the bilL Tbe Bishops of Bangor , Salisbury , Oxford , and Lord Eldon supported it ; Lord Vivian , Lord Stanley , tbe Bishop of Norwich , and Earl Grey opposed it . _

      Their Lordships divided . For the second reading;— Contents 38 Non-contents 28 Majority in favour of tbe bill ... —10 No proxies were called for . The Marquis of Lansdowne then-announced that be would oner no further opposition to the bill , although his opinion still remained unchanged against its expediency . Their Lordships adjourned at half past ten o ' clock . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Mondat , July 20 . The Speaker took tbe chair shortly before four o ' clock .

      NEW MEMBERS . Mr . G . Buller was introduced by Colonel Fox and Captain Mangles , and took tbe oaths and his seat for Liskeard . Colonel Anson was introduced by Viscount Ebrington and Mr . Tufnell , and took the oaths and his seat for South Staffordshire . Mr . _O'Conneix entered the House shortly before four o ' clock , and took bis seat on the Ministerial benches . Sir Robert Peel entered the House , leaning on a stick ; the right hon . gentleman seems to suffer considerably from the accident which has befallen him-He took his seat between Sir James Graham and the ex-Chancellor of the Exchequer .

      DEATH FROM FLOGGING IN THE ARMY . Dr . _Bowbtsg rose pursuant to notice , to inquire of the Secretary at War , whether his attention had been called to tbe case of Frderiek White , a private in theTtb Royal Hussars , whose death was reported to bave been caused by severe military flogging , and whether any steps had been taken in consequence ! Mr . Fox Maule said tbat he was glad that the Hon . Member had brought the subject forward . Tbe facts of tbe case were simply these : —Frederick White , thesubject ofthe Hon . Member ' s motion , was a private in the 7 th Hussars .. He bad been guilty of one ofthe grossest acts of military insubordination of which a soldier could be guilty . While in the performance ofhis duty he bad struck a non-commissioned

      officer violently with a heavy poker , and had not the officer perceived the intention ofthe culprit , he would have received a most severe wound , if not have been killed . He was , however , knocked down by the blow . For tbis crime be was tried on tbe 13 th of Jane , by- a Court-martial , and sentenced to receive the military punishment of ISO lashes ; that sentence was afterwards confirmed by his Grace thc Duke of Wellington , and on the loth of June the sentence was carried into effect . And hejnight state the course which _waspursued in tbe army withrespect to soldiers sentenced to be flogged ; it _was this : —whenever a soldier was sentenced to receive punishment by court martial , a certificate , signed by the surgeon of tbe regiment , was sent to the _War-ofiice , stating thatthe

      person was in a fair state to undergo punishment , so that it might not be carried into effect unless be were in a proper state of health . On the 15 th of June , as be had stated , the punishment was carried into effect : and so far from any interference having taken place by the surgeon ofthe regiment by desiring the man to be taken down , and that the commanding officer had refused to do so , he begged distinctly to state that there was no interference either on the part of the surgeon or commanding officer . After receiving punishment the man was taken io the hospital in the usual manner , where he was visited , according to the practice in the army , by the commanding officer every day . After remainin g in the hospital some time be was reported

      convalescent , and so far recovered as to bave been actively engaged in " fatigue duties . " He was -visited by the surgeon and commanding officer , who stated that in two days thc man would be fit forduty . On the 16 th of July Colonel Whyte received information thatthe man was dangerously ill . He immediately visited . him in the hospital , and under the circumstances he desired Dr . Warren , the surgeon of the regiment , to report his ease immediately to Sir James Macgregor , in order thatfurther advice might be sent down ; but in two days afterwards the man died , and a post mortem , examination was immediately made ofhis body , not only by the surgeon of the regiment , but by two other medical officers deputed by the Horse Guards and that examination had satisfied the public that the death of the man had not been

      caused by the punishment inflicted on him . Ile understood further that the medical officer appointed by the Coroner , was of the same opinion . He had but one other observation to add . The public seemed much horrified at a statement which had gone abroad , that thc skin on thc back of the individual had been removed . Now this statement was incorrect , as that skin was removed after death , for tbe purpose of proceeding with the post mortem examination . Thc subject was now in course of investigation by a Coroner ' s Jury , and he would at thc present say no more . What he had said , however , would , perhaps , be considered enough to showpbat the case had been greatly exaggerated , and thatthe proprietors of newspapers wonld _alwaysdo well tomake themselves masters of the particulars of cases like these before they alarmed the public mind . —( Hear , bear . )

      SUGAR DUTIES . —COMMITTEE OF WATS AND MEANS . The order of the day for resolving the house into a Committee of Waysandmeanshaviiigbeen read , Lord John Russell moved a resolution to continue the present Sugar Duties for a month , and stated the substance of the resolution to be submitted for discussion on Friday next , for tbe permanent equalisation of these duties . He began bis statement by re marking that if the Government were disposed to

      consider their own case , they might have foiind plausible reasons in the late period of the session , their recent accession to office , the large fiscal alterations already made , and the complicated nature of the sugir duties , for postponing the proposition of so _considerabl e a change as that they had resolved to submit to Parliament ; but , believing the interests ot the public , of trade , of commerce and of the revenue , to be injured b y the continuance of the existingaugat aaties , they felt bound to bring forward a scheme for then * permanent adjustment . He proceeded to quote

      House Of Lords.—Monday, Jolt 20. ' The H...

      estimates of the probable produce of the current year from present sources , and fixed upon 230 , 000 tons as the nearest to the truth ; then he supposed the Consumption tobe about 250 , 000 , and contended that , with an increased price of 6 s ., the consumers here would be tax- d to the amount of £ l , 600 , 000--a tax that would not in the least benefit the Exchequer . The Government , therefore , were disposed to propose that other foreign sugars should be admitted into the English market to supply this deficiency . But they were met ' with the objection , that by admitting slave-produced sugars they would be-encouraging slavery . The answer , however , to that was , that we placed no bar te the importation of tobacco , _of-xotton , of copper , and other articles produced by slave

      labour , and tbat , m fact , we neither carried into effect , nor pretended to carry into effect , the principle of refusing the produce of slavery . The Noble Lord referred to the statement put forth by the Anti-Slavery committee , condemning our great consumption of American cotton wool as a gross encouragement to slavery , and his Lordship ' declared that in his opinion it was nothing less than insanity to assert that we should refuse to take their cotton , unless the United States of America should emancipate their whole slave population . However , we had already reduced the duties on the importation of cotton and copper . We had been obliged , not in the most honourable way , to refuse to Spain the right which she had by treaty of bringing in her produce on the

      footing of the most favoured nations ; and—a more fatal objection still to the argument against the admission of slave-produced sugar—tbe spirit of commerce had proved itself too strong for any restrictions that could be devised , because the employers of slave labour in Cuba and Brazil do continue to sell their sugars and obtain their _profits by a circuitous mode , and therefore all the morality involved in the question was at an end . For thes several reasons tbe Government held that tbe ground hitherto tak- *• '•• * e « ncct to the _admisaion of foreign sugars was untenable . Proceeding on the same principle as that proposed by _ the late Government , foreign sugars of all descriptions should' be free to enter , the British markets . But there were

      considerations connected with the state of the West Indies which prevented this free admission from being immediate . The West India Abolition Act was & great change , by which the produce was reduced from four million _cwts . to two millions and a half cwts . The £ 20 , 000 , 000 voted by way of compensation was neither complete nor adequate ; and , besides , the planters were prevented from obtainin _. a free labour where it could be found . These reasons and considerations connected with revenue rendered it inexpedient to make the proposed change immediate . The scheme tbe Government proposed , there fore , was a complete withdrawal of the present pro hibitory duty , a considerable reduction of the differential duty , and then a slight change from year to

      year until all thc duties , colonial and foreign , should be entirely equalised . That is—the existing prohibitory duty of * 63 s . to be abolished ; all foreign Mus . covado sugars , without exception , to be admitted at a duty of 21 s . up to the 5 th of July , 1847 ; at 20 s . from July , 1847 to July 1848 , * at 18 s . Gd . for the nextyear ; at 17 s . for the next ; at 15 s . 6 d . for the year ending July 1851 ; and from that period forward that the duty of 14 s . should be paid on all Muscovado sugars alike , colonial and foreign . Such was his scheme . He could not then consider the advantage of still further reducing the duty of 14 s ., because he did not think it right to speculate on what would be expedient five years hence . The A ob" < - Lord advened to the claims ofthe colonies , and said

      he thought it would be safe to allow contracts to be made at Sierra Leone for a single year ; but be could not consent to allow contracts to be made in the other parts of Africa , where the British flag did not fly . He calculated the difference between the import duty on colonial spirits and the Excise duty on English spirits at Is . 6 d ., and said he was willing to consent to a reduction of this differential duty to ls . ; but he could not consent to make any change in respect to the admission of colonial spirits into Ireland or Scotland , * neither could he agree to admit molasses into breweries and distilleries . The colonists asked for the abolition of the differential duties which they paid at present in favour of the produce of this country , and he thought they were fairly entitled to

      that benefit—that , in fact , they should be enabled to buy their provisions in the cheapest markets . The government , therefore ; proposed to introduce a Bill to empower the Crown to agree to any Bill the colonies might pass abolishing their differential duties . The whole system of those duties ] was vicious , and the circle ffhich bad already been broken should be completely destroyed . He appealed to those who defended Protection , if it would be satisfactory to their const ' - tuents to say that they had kept np tbe principle only in this instance ? For his own part he did not think it could be very consolatory to the British farmers to tell tbem , that though unsuccessful in preserving their Protection , the Protection of the colonists , whereby the British farmers would be made to pay a

      high price for tropical produce , had been maintained . The noble lord turned to the question of revenue , and having shown , from the statements of tbe late _Chancellor of the Exchequer , that there would be a deficiency In the year 1847-48 , of half j . million , calculated that under his proposed scale of sugar duties be would realise an increased sum of £ 725 , 000 ., which would thus more than cover the deficiency of next year . As be looked on tbis plan as a permanent settlement , he proposed to found a bill upon the resolution , and thus avoid future annual discussions on the duties * , and in order to maintain the constitutional principle of annual discussion on some duties , hi ' would endeavour to find out a substitute . In conclusion , he expressed his conviction that this measure would cause tbe mother country and the _colonle * to flourish more than ever , and his belief that , how * ever short the duration of the present Ministry might

      be , their advent to office , should this scheme * be adopted , would not be without great utility . Mr . Godlburn said the proposed alterations wereof such importance , that he should forbear at present from expressing any opinion on them , but asked Lord John Russell whether , in the alteration whicli was intended to facilitate the introduction of certain articles into the colonies , it was proposed to modify the navigation laws , and allow the articles in question to be imported in foreign vessels ? to which Lord J . Russell replied that he did not contemplate any alteration in the navigation laws in that respect . Lord George Bentinck intimated thathe should not oppose the continuance of tbe sugar duties till the oth September , but that heand his friends around him would oppose any scheme which removed protection from any class . His Lordship declared his intention resolutely to oppose the introduction _e-f slavelabour sugar .

      Mr . Moffatt made some inquiries respecting the details ofthe schedule of duties . In reply to which , the Chancellor of the Exchequer explained , tbat the differential dutieson clayed sugar equal to refined , and on white Havanna sugar , would be adjusted on the principle of tbe present law , and that molasses would be admitted at 7 s . lOd . per cwt . Mr . Patrick M . Stewart strongly urged tho Government to win over the West India interest , by allowing rum to come in at the same rate levied on British , Irish , and Scotch spirits ; and to allow molasses to be used in distillation . Mr . Bernal , Mr . Barkly , and Mr . Hume severally urged the Governmentto concede these two points , which , with an addition to tree labour , would very much tend to facilitate the settlement of the question . Mr . H . Baillie complained that snch an important measure should be brought forward so late in thesession .

      Mr . Henley said , that by allowing slave-labour su * ar to come in , we should make a free trade in morals as well as in everythin g else . Mr . Ricardo advocated the equalisation of the duties without any delay . Mr . Wakley , Sir Robert Inglis , Colonel de Lacy Evans , Mr . A . Chapman , Lord Sandon , and Mr . Peter Borthwick , severally spoke , after which the house resumed , and the resolutions of Lord John Russell were ordered to be taken into consideration on Friday next .

      FLOGGING IN TnE NAVY . Mr . Williams brought on the motion of which he had previously given notice , as to doing away with flogging in the navy . He also called attention to thc manner in which court-martials were conducted in that department of the service . In the British navy , according to the present system , there was no appeal to any other tribunal . That he considered wrong . In the army there was an appeal to a civil tribunal , should tbe party think himself aggrieved , but for thc poor sailor there seemed to be no such rcmuneratior held out . That was a system he should like to set

      remedied . In thc army thc lashes were _givei with a small cord and very often administered by a drummer-boy , but it was quite otherwise in __ the navy , the punishment there being inflicted with a thick cord , and by the stoutest man in the ship , and he had been informed , that so severe was the punishment , tbat blood flowed from every pore after the first lash . He earnestly trusted that public attention would be aroused on behalf » i these unfortunate men , who enjoyed no trial by jury , and even too frequentl y also without it just judge . In the American navy corporal punishment was a great rarity , and it was never administered without

      House Of Lords.—Monday, Jolt 20. ' The H...

      . ---. - .- the authority of a court-martial . ; Who were the men who manned the American navy but oiir best seajnen ? "The Gallant Officer , the Member for _Maryle-Jjgne , admitted that our navy was manned with very ¦ _isfcrior seamen . ( Hear , hear , from Sir C . -Napier . ) How could it be expected that the best men would be attracted to our navy while the existing system of Punishment was maintained ? Unless flogging was abolished it would be impossible to man our ships properly without the aid of the press gang . He earnestly trusted that he would never have occasion to bring this subject under the notice of tbo House again . Mr . _Waru said that as the present Board of Admiralty was only constituted on Monday last , he must inform the Hon . Gentleman that this subject had not yet come m any way before them . Without indueing any false hopes on the subject , he ( Mr . Ward ) must say there co uld not be a greater curse to the

      navy than a system of arbitrary punishment . ( Hear , hear . ) In practice , however , the navy kept pace with the softening advance df the civil code . He had collected MH & e ; 'facts which strongly illustrated this _, ne woulttnot ' now , however , ' occupy the time of the house witfa-any elaborate details , but simply confine himself ttf ' a statement of the results of two years . In 1839 , ' when only 34 , 000 seamen were employed , the corporal punishments amounted to 2 , 000 , In 1845 , when 40 , 000 mea were employed , the punishments were only 1 , 200 . ( Hear , bear . ) He had seen the general instructions issued by Sir William Parker and other officers , which showed , that there was every disposition to _eato-jr out * mild _& _'foslem . ; .. A-discussion followed , ™ which Mr . Hume , Sir C . Napier , Admiral Dundas , Captain Pechell , Mn Trelawney , and Lord Ingestre , took part . Admiral Cockburn defended the present system . Tbe motion was negatived without a division .

      VAN DIEMAN'S LAND . Mr . Ewam movod _^ - ' That it is expedient that the practice of making Van Dieman ' s Land a _generareceptacle for convicts should cease . That _transpoi tation be discontinued as a punishment , and be maintained only as a supplement to the previous punishment of imprisonment . " The greatest evils arose from the mixing of the convicts with the free population . The number of convicts amounted to 31000 . while . that of the free population was not more than 30 , 000 . The consequence was that they were in the greatest danger , and were not safe , either by day or night . He thought that criminals ought tobe punished by imprisonment in this country , and when liberated transmitted to a colony . There was

      an instance st Port Philip , in Australia , where the experiment was tried , and the convicts , after going through a reformatory discipline at Pentonville prison , they made a new character for themselves _, 'that was the process which he would recommend . The existing system led to a state of things , in these penal settlements , which exhibited a degree of immorality which could not even be listened to . This system was advocated in France , and he hoped would be eventually adopted in this country , and he anticipated that the present Government would give their attention to the subject . _¦* . Sir George Grey said the subject had been under the consideration of the late Government , and he must say that the statement of tho state of the colony was not exaggerated . It was not wonderful

      when they considered , that four thousand convicts were annually transported to the colony . The late Government , in order to check the evil , suspended the transportation of convicts to the colony for eighteen months . Measures were under consideration to meet the difficulty , and he hoped some other system would be devised , which would enable tbem to supersede the present . The second resolution embraced a wide range , and he felt assured his hon . friend could hardly expect tliat he was in a position at present to express an opinion on it . The question of secondary punishments was one of great difficulty , to which the Government would direct its' attention , with the view of devising a better system , by adopting means to deter from crime . He hoped tbe explanation he had given would be satisfactory . After a short conversation , Mr . _Ewart briefly replied , and withdrew his

      motion . COMMITTEE OF SUPPLY . The house then went into committee on the navy estimates , and adjourned at two o ' clock . HOUSE OF LORDS , _Tuesoay , July 21 . The house met at 5 o ' clock . The St . _Asapb , Bangor , and Manchester . Dioceses Bill _. -on the _molion ' of tbe _^ Eari of _: "Powis ; "passed through committee , and was ordered tobe read a third time on Thursday .

      SITES FOR BUILDING CHURCHES IN SCOTLAND . The Marquis of Breadalbane presented a great many , petitions from persons belonging to the Free Church of . Scotland , complaining of the refusal if sites for their churches , and praying their Lordships to devise some _legislative means of affording them redress . The Marquis of Lansdowme expressed a confident hope that no interference of Parliament would be necessary , and , at all events , he could not see how the Legislature could give these petitioners a right to take sites fur their churches independent of the will ofthe landlords . The Duke of Buccleuch could not see any reason for granting to the Free Church Dissenters powers which would be scouted if asked by the ' Established Church .

      The conversation , after some explanations between the Marquis of Breadalbane and the Duke of Buccleuch , relative to his Grace s refusal of sites , terminated , and the petitions were received .

      THE SLAVE TRADE . Lord Brougham gave notice tbat , on Friday next , he . would submit a resolution te their lordships against the adoption of any measures which , directly or indirectly , were calculated to encourage the African slave trade . Their Lordships adjourned to Thursday . HOUSE OF COMMONS , Tuesday , July 21 . _The'Conimons did not make a house , the requisite number of members not being present at four o ' clock HOUSE OF COMMONS—Wednesday , July 22 . The SrEAKKR took ths chair at 12 o ' clock . Lord _Monr-BTii took the oaths and his seat for tlie West Riding of Yorkshire .

      THE SUGAR DUTIES . Lord G . Bentinck said—Sir , I beg to give notice that , on the motion for your leaving the chair on Friday next , on the question ofthe sugar duties , it is my intention to move as an amenement , that , " In tb e present state of the depressed state of the sugar cultivation in our British East and West India possessions , the proposed reduction of duty upon foreign slave-grown sugar is alike , unjust and impolitic , as it tends to check the advance of production by British free labour , and gives an additional stimulus to the slave trade { CHARITABLE TRUSTS BILL .

      Sir G . Grey said , that as his lion , friend the member for Montrose had moved tho first order oi the day , the Charitable Trusts Bill he wished to say -a few words on the subject . Last week thc house had affirmed the principle of the Bill , being the accountability of parties managing these trusts to Parliament . He had received several communications since the second treading of tbe biil from parties interested in thc subject , and those parties made no objection to the principle of their accountability being acted upon ; but they made various

      suggestions on other points of sucb weight and importance that thoy would require time for consideration . The Lord Chancellor had under his consideration a more general measure than the one submitted to the bouse by his hon . friend the member for Montrose He hoped that as the house had recognised the principle of the bill introduced by his lion , friend , he would bo induced , at that late period of thc session , and the great importance of the " measure t & postpone it for the present session , in order that the whole subject might be fully considered and brought forward early in the session ensuing .

      Mr . Hume said tbat the object which ihe Government bad in view would meet his views upon the subject . The time would come when the discussion on this question would occupy the attention of the house more than it had done , and he-would therefore , without hesitation , leave the bill for next Wednesday , and by that time he hoped to see in the Government a disposition whicli _vould induce bim to give it up altogether . He _begged to move that the order of the day be postponed to Wednesday next . After a few fords from Mr . Stafford O'Brien , Mr . B . Eseott , Mr . Brothcrton , and Mr . Newdigatc , thc Bill was then postponed till Wednesday next . LANDS AND COMPANIES' CLAUSES

      CONSOLIDATION BILL . On thc motion for the second reading ofthe Lands and Companies' Clauses consolidation Bill being read , Mr . Milner Gibson said , that the House should not affirm the princi ple of the Bill , at least until tbey were in possession of the evidence taken before tbo Committee now sitting , and of which the Hon . Member for Inverness was Chairman , and until they bad received its report , it would bo premature to take Into _consideration the Bill , as introduced by the Son . Member , for Paisley .

      House Of Lords.—Monday, Jolt 20. ' The H...

      _dSrifiSrr the m > and Mr - Hastie

      ART UNIONS BILL . M _^? _, » before h House went into _Committee on this Bill , presented several petitions lrom mists and others , praying it may pass ; Mr . W _yse _iaebm mitte on the Bill , intimated that he did _hotme-nvto propose any material alteration of the clauses . Mr . GouLBuRir did not wish to offer any vexations opposition , but he thought the Bill held ont a system of gambling at variance with the law on that subject . Sir R . Inglis opposed the Bill , and Mr . Eivart supported it . Sir Gjeorge Gret said the objeotion that it would encourage gambling in various trades , could fee met by an amendment prepared by his Learned Friend , I the Attorney-General .

      Colonel Sibthorp supported the Bill . It was difficult at the present day to define what is gambliBg . Transactions at the Stock and Corn Exchange might be called gambling , and he could not help thinking Ministerial engagements weregambling . ( Laughter . ) Mr , Hume spoke in favour ofthe measure . They were "told some time ago that the people in tbis country did not care about pictures . Let those who said so , go to Hampton Court any morning , and they would not only see the galleries crowded with spectators , but hear the linking remarks made by the working classes , which proved how much they were delighted and improved by exhibitions of these works ofart .

      After some desultory conversation , the clauses of the mil , with some verbal amendments , were agreed to , the House then resumed , and the report was brought up , and ordered to be further considered on Wednesday next , Mr , Goulburn declaring his determination of opposing the further progress of the measure . Mr . Rutherford , the newly appointed Lord Advocate , was introduced by Sir George Grey , and the Attorney-General , and took the oaths , and bis seat on being re-elected for the Borough ef Leith .

      DEATHS BY ACCIDENT COMPENSATION BILL . On the order of the daybeing read for going into Committee on the Deaths by Accident Compensation Bill , Mr . Thbssiqer having explained minutely the law as it at present exists respecting actions brought agaiust persons , who by neglect or default may have caused injuries to other parties , proceeded to observe that bo never saw a Bill more clumsil y framed than the present , and called the attention of the House to some of the difficulties which presented themselves . The facts to which these remarks particularly referred , were those respecting the bringing of actions by the executors . and administrators of the person

      ( destroyed by an accident carelessly caused , and the division of the money received amongst the widow and children of the deceased . He was strongly of opinion that the time had arrived when some measures should be adopted by which the widow , children , or relations of a person killed by an accident should hare the means o obtaining compensation for the great injury they had sustained by his death , if that death were brought about by the reckless or careless conduct of others . He would uggest _, in order to render the measure useful , that "he widow of a person killed by the wrong act of mother , should have the riget of bringing an actio * jy bis executor or administrator , although his death should bave been caused under circumstances which amounted to manslaughter , provided the action was brought within one _jear from the death of such

      person . The measure before the house was insufficient to meet the objects they all had in view , namely , providing compensation for tbe members of families of persons killed by accident , The Hon . and Learned Member concluded by suggesting that the farther _progress of the Bill should be postponed for the present . The Attorney-General expressed his obligation to his Hon . and Learned Friend opposite for the suggestions he had thrown out , and the evident consideration he bad given to the clauses of the Bill _, lie trusted that his Hon . Friend who bad charge of the Bill would consent to the postponement of the measure for a few days , and in the meantime gather the opinions of Members respecting the modifications and alterations they considered advisable to have made in the Bill .

      Mr . Bouverie said the Bill was similar in substance to one introduced this session into the other _House _^ of Parliament . He had no objection to postpone the Bill for a week , in order that ' , the proposed alterations might be made in it . After a few words from Lord Sandon , Sir J . Graham pointed out the great difficulties in the way of proving who or what caused the death of persons by accident , and who were the persons to sue for compensation . Accidents to a frightful extent frequentl y occurred in the mines from the carelessness and ignorance , and not from the neglect of the miners . Who , in such a case , ought to give compensation to the persons injured or their relatives ? There were great difficulties in the way which he conceived could not be easily overcome . He would be glad to hear the opinion of the Lord Advocate with respect to the working of the law in Scotland .

      The Lord Advocate said he conceived that it was not intended by the bill to alter the ground of liability ; all that was intended was . that the fact of _bsath having occurred , should not destroy the liability . Under the Scotch law , the parties entitled to recover , were very numerous . Actions had been brought by widows , by children , by parents , by brothers , and by sisters , but no jury , thathe ever heard of , had listened to the claims of distant relations , or parties living abroad , or deriving no benefits lrom tho deceased . In Scotland , both widow and children were entitled to recover in seperate actions ; an executor might ask for seperate damages ibr both widow and children ; and , if'in this country only one recovery was to be suffered , he thought the jury

      should be required to apportion the damages between the widow and the children . Mr . Wakley thought a great deal of useful information had been elicited , and was glad to find that tbere was a general disposition to legislate upon this subject . But in its present shape , he could not g ive his consent to this bill . It was most crude , most carelessly drawn , and in parts perfectly nonsensical . In its principle he entirely concurred ; he knew instances of great hardship ; he knew one where the death of a husband in prosperous circumstances had left a family in utter destitution ; it was monstrous that there should be no compensation to a family deprived in such a way , by the culpable negligence of others , of their only protector . Under the present system , even if a coroner ' s jury gave a dcodand , it was almost impossible

      to recover it . A case had occurred on the Birmingham Railway , in which a jury under him bad given £ 2 , 000 damages . He knew tho difficulty of drawing a dcodand , and he applied to his solicitor . That gentleman drew the inquisition . Knowing that if there was a flaw in it , h would be- ascribed to "the medical coroner , " he consulted Sir F . Thesiger upon the subject . Sir Frederick altered the draft , but he ( Mr . Wakley ) was not satisfied . He went to Sir Thomas Wilde . " Tell me , " said he , " who is tho best lawyer to pick , a hole in an inquisition ? " After considering some time , Sir Thomas Wilde named two—Mr . Serjeant Stephen and Mr . Peacock . " Which shall I go to ? . " " Mr . Serjeant Stephen for choice . " ( A laugh . ) , Mr . Serjeant Stephen bad the inquisition under his . _considcration for 48 hours , and then reported that it " would hold water . " It wenta into the Court of

      Queen ' s Bench , and there it was treated as perfectly worthless , and the Birmingham Railway Company never paid a farthing . { -Laughter _^) .- De mentioned this to show bow carefully they ought to l < _sgislate upon the subject , wJien all the lawyers iu England were unable now to recover a dcodand that a jury had ordered te be levied . Sir G . Grey observed that , after the graphic and amusing account given by the hon . member of the operation of tbe law of deodands , be thought it would be impossible to enrich the subject by any further observations . He hoped the house would consent to refer this subject to a select committee , by which its details might bo considered , and whoso report upon tbe matter would , ho hoped , be bo framed as to enable a general measure to be brought in which should meet with the general acquiescenco ol tbe house . The bill was then postponed until Monday .

      BATHS AND WASIIOUSES BILL . Mr > T . _Duscomdk presented a petition against it from certain proprietors of Baths in the City-road , who complained that their interests would be affected . The house then went into committee , The _rarioua clauses were agree to , and tho house resumed .

      . NEW WRIT . On the motion of Mr . Parker , a new writ was ordered to issue for the borough of Dundalk , in the j room of Mr . Reddington , who since his election has accented thc oflice of Under Secretary for Ireland ., SABBATH TRADING . _. Mr . C . Hindley rose to introduce his bill upon this subject . An lion . Member , however , pointed out- ' that there were not 40 members present , aud upon tho house

      House Of Lords.—Monday, Jolt 20. ' The H...

      Demg counted , twenty members only ummim _, _-tnenouse adjourned . - _^~« tt _^ HOUSE OF _^ Lpi _^ _llilpSis _^ t _^^' '' THE C _ONFISCATIONSfiNvGALLIClA .: _^ The M arquis of _[ _Xoi _^^; _wiSfi _^ tiio this op . _fcf ; _^^ _Anoblef _^ yie _& ed _ildrdftLbrd th ? _nfe * an r _?^^ baa > d elayed _nntswmm i' ° ; o / n . _7 _™ 8 S ? h _$ jretattt ? ib _^ _hisJmbletand cerf •• _# { . - _^^ _S _^^^ _ication-imade # 1 I part of _^ f _^ a _^^^ iiW _c-nfiscations—Hnforfnh 8 fe ; iri | everj _* _rre _^ c _^ _iK _^ 1 .-4 _>„„„„*!„ *„ i , « . „ - ' _^ _KS _^ t _^ _frrW im' _^^^ EmM

      communication , tnere . had _4 o--e _^ from time to time them . c _*^ of the proceedings _vof _j _^ _j" _^!*!^ and he was happy _Msayiiwl _^ so received led bim te _^ _Iunbil _^ tbere " _-w as ; _^ th _» part of the Amtn _^ _yGpyerment , _^ to leniency on this subject , ; which in every way did the hig hest bonoiu _*; to that . Government _^ I and which , on every account , _wau- most desirable . ' ( Hear , hearv )' ' He cottM _farther only say , that if ; ; that _leniencyseon toofe _efSict , more especially with i regard to thots * _tmfortimaite . individuals who might ' have _involuntarily or rftt ) _Mehtionaliy-, become accomplices , or who :, from _aicradental circumstances .

      were suspected of _making » part which ; they ; had not taken iii the insurrection , . * wan he did rely upon the character of the Austrian _Government ; and ita known _mildness of rule ; . that _ho-timewduld Be-lost in doing _jurtice to those _individual ( hear , hear )> , _* " aiid he was sure , go far as it was * _compatible with the safety ot the Government " , tho * leniency _wonldba unaccompanied by any conditio * which it would be unbecoming either to the" _chaibster or honoairof those individuals to accept . ( Hear r , bear . ) Lord Brougham thought that _noting more satisfactory could have been said by- " the noble _mssv O jUIS . ¦ - ¦ _.-. ¦ -: ' : ; _.- ¦¦ . _.- i The St . Asaph , Bangor , and Manchester _Diocesetr Bill was read a third time . _SeveTflboJher bills were " forwarded a stage , and the house adjftlrned . HOUSE OF _COMMONS-TaWi U *! " July . _U .

      THE LEGISLATIVE- _UNIOW . Mr , O'Coknkli . gave notice , that " early' in the next session of Parliament he should move the appointment of a select committee to inquire _into-the effects which the legislative union had produced 1 upon Ireland , not only as regarded the people-, -bat theresources of that country .

      POOR REMOVAL BIlW . - On the motion that the Speaker _Ieave'tlis chair , for the purpose of committing the Poor * Haw Removal Bill , Mr . Wodbhou _bb again asked Sir G . _GhbHo postpone this bill till next session , as the _houss- _coald not proceed with too much caution on a _subject _' of sucb great importance . He made this request * on two grounds—the first , the state of the session - ' and the second , that the whole question of the Poor ' Laws was to be brought under the consideration of'Parliament early in the course of next session . To- meet . the contingency of a refusal ofhis request by the Government , he would move the postponement of the committee till that day six months . Mr . Dumb seconded tbe motion .

      Mr . _Broiderion'wished the house to remarlththafc no opposition to this bill came i ' rom the manufac turing interest . If it were postponed let it be _resollected tbat it was at the request of the agricultural members . Sir G . Gre y was not prepared , on the part of ths Government , to postpone this bill for the reasons which he had stated on a former evening . This bill would lay grounds for the favourable consideration of the whole question of settlement iu the next session .

      Colonel Wood considered the bill to deserve imm « - diate support , for it did justice to the poor and relieved them from a dreadful law which was at present hanging over them . Mr . B . Denison considered the present law of settlement to be a disgrace te the country . It was inhuman to remove a pauper from a town to whoso wealth his wages for many years had contributed , to a part of the kingdom in which he was a stranger , and with which be had no other connexion save that of being born there . On the other band , this bill , if it were now passed , would throw an immense responsibility on the manufacturing districts . De was not averse to the present bill , but he thought that it ought to be accompanied by unoin settlements . Sucb an enactment would soften the blow which this bill would undoubtedly inflict on the manufacturing districts .

      Mr . Bankes observed , that , although ihig bill stopped far sbort of the benefit which _mij-ht have been conferred on the poor by altering the law of settlement , still he found in every clause of it a principle of which he approved , and therefore hu could not consent to the postponement of the conmuttea upon it . Sir J . Graham could not donbt that portions ofthe original bill which he bad introduced would be most beneficial to those who had a claim on the rates ; at the same time he could not retract the opinion whicb

      he had formerly expressed , ; that _^ mremevability , unaccompanied by . unionse ttlement 87 must inflict great and unequal burdens on the ratepayers-. The burden , in Eis opinion , ' ought to be imposed on a larger area than at present .. At this _rnomeat the house could not be expected to adopt union settlements . He was therefore prepared to proceed with that portion oi the original bill which was still left ; but he did so with a perfect conviction that is would be indispensably _necessary in the next session of Parliament to enact union settlements .

      Mr . V . Smith considered it to be impossible to proceed with this bill , after the speech wliich lias just been delivered by Sir J . Graham . He had made out the strongest case for the postponement of the present measure , by showing that it would be indispensable necessary to amend it in the next session of Parliament . The house then divided , when the numbers were—* For the amendment _ .... 86 Againstit „ , 112 Majority 70 The house then resolved itself into committee . After some discussion , in which several verbal amendments wore made on the different . clauseB , the bill passed through committee . The house resumed , and the report was ordered to be- received tomorrow .

      Mr . _LABOucnuRE tbea postponed tilliYnrious days in next week all the important bills refuting to Ireland , of which he had eharge , in consequence of the severe domestic calamity which bas befallen the head of tbe Government , Lord J . _Rwssekc . [ The death of his brother , Lord William Russell . ] For the same reason ,, the debate in the Committee of Ways and Means on the sugar duties ,- whicli stood for Friday , was postpoaed till Monday next . The Sugar Duties Continuance Bill was read a second time . The other orders of the day werathen disposed of , and the house _adjourued . HOUSE OF LQRDS _.-FniDAY , July 24 . The St Asaph , Bangor and Manchester Dioceses Bill had passed , lb * Marquis ol " . Lansdowne having announced that he hart no command from her Majesty to stop its progress .

      The _Coalwhippera' Bill waB ? oad a third time and passed . Their lordships _adjourned tchMonday . HOUSE OF COMMONS _^— Fkid av , Jcly 24 ..

      SUGAR DITTIES . Lord _Gi-orce _Bs ntixck postponed to Monday his resolution _respeetir g the new , sugar duties , which he will then move aa .-uu amendment to Lord J . _Russell ' s motion . The house hav ing gonei into committee on tlw Sugar Duties' _Continuancg . Bill . On the motion that the blank in clause 1 be filled up with the words " September _rui _* it , _*' Lord G . Best ixck moved , as an amendment ,, that the words , " iv . \ y , 1847 _^ ' be inserted , lie said that he had no desire to obstruct the Government , but he thought that a . Bill to c & ntinue tiie existing dutiesfor eleven mon th- * would be onlyjustuce to the merchants engaged in the sugar trade , in order , _tojenable tlieia to prepare ft r , if not ! altogether to escape from , the ruin in wbic ' ii the scheme _proposed by the Government would _involve ibem .

      The Cu . iNC * "xr . 9 B ; of tlie .- Exchz _^ _oks contended that it wa ? , absolutely necessary tlio sugar question should bo now permanently settled .. Sir Robert _Isglis supported , and Mr . _ItMiougwsm . opposed the amendment . The House _druided—For the amendment . 3 _S Agai . B 3 tit , _„„ .. .,.,. 121 Majority against the amendment —— 83 The clause was filled up with tlie words ' * September next , " raad the Bill passed through committee .

      STATUE OF THE ; DUKli OF WELLINGTON . On tha order of the day to go into committee of ways and means , Mr . ' u . _Bkhkii _^ v moved au address to the Queca praymg her Majesty to withdraw her consent to tha placing of the statue of the Duke of Wellington upon thc ar-cliway at the top of Constitution-hill . The hon * _m . cmber having quoted several opinions against tha _testis of plating such a large- equestrian _btatuo on tlie top ofa triumphal arch , called on tho Houso to 'mterfere . Mr . 11 . "Baillie seconded the motion .

      Lord Moui'ETii confessed that he entertained considerable misgivings as to the propriety of the site chosen by the committee of the Wellington testimonial , and _wisheiltlmt ' they bad accept ed the otlur made by the late Government of giving * ' « _nii' _-tycctionablo site elsewhere . That _ofibr the present Covcrn men t would abide by . . Ultimately Mr . C . Bui « tia - _* Y ' withdrew his _mOMR-( Continued

      ^^I. I

      _^^ _i . I

      . To Tht '^Jj^^^ Eiijfj Sta M Wwu '• H W...

      . to tht ' _^ _jj _^^^ _EIIJfJ sta m WwU '• H _WVJSMi _)? _" / _^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 25, 1846, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_25071846/page/1/