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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd January 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 6, CORN EXCHANGE. Jasuak 18. At this day's ...

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      Macci.Ksfikld. Tiik Wrst Tk-Jtim-Jsiji.....

      DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE FOR POLAND'S

      REGENERATION . REl ' ORT OF OCCURREXCES IV _PO ' _-ANl ) , AND FACTS CONNECTED WITH THE CAUSE OF I * _tUA _** _"I"'S RE . GEXEIUTION . DECEMBER , 184 _G—Jasoiet , 1847 . The Coxfiscatio . v op Cracow which was rumoured , and generally credited , when this committee assembled on the 23 rd of _November last , was within a day or two after that date , ascertained ti be " an accomplished fact . " The Northern S _^ ar of November 23 d , contained the Aii-tr ' an Kaiser ' s proclamation announcing the

      annexationthe conclusion of the long and horrible con-piracy of which Poland has been the victim . At the public meeting of this Committee on the 30 th of November , resolutions were unanimou _** lv passed _condeniimr tbis , amona other atrocities , and in voking the _-uslice uf _rntinkind on the head of Po ' and ' s assassins . The rrsf * H * U < ms were published in the Morning Advertiser , Sun , Northern Star , and Reforme . At the public meeting ofthe Committee , a resolution was passed that a sub-committee should draw up and publish an address to the People of Gre . v Britain and Ireland , which was _do-. e ; and the address bearing date December 7 th , was published in thc Morning Advertiser and Northern Star . The Committee must here call

      artention to _various public documents of great _impnrtancc—to wit : — Tiie " Address ofthe Central Polish Cvimmit _* l > e of Paris , "—the" Resolutions of the Democratic Poles assembled in London , " the address of " The Democracy of France to the Democracy of Europe , " the answer of" Democratic Poland to the French Democracy , " and the address of " The Fraternal Democrats ( assembling " m London ) to the Democracy of Europe . " The Committee also desire to acknowledge the important services of thepre-s , particularly the Northern Star , Morning _Advortiscr , and Sun ( London journals ) and the National , Reforme , and Dcmocrati _F'irifi . _pic ( Paris journals ); these organs of public opinion are entitled to our wnrmest praise for their advocacy of the rights of the Polish people .

      Tin ** Resolutions passed at the public meeting of this Committee on the 30 th of November , and the Committee ' s Address of the 7 th of December , were forwarded _toLord Palmerston , Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs . At a meeting held on the ICth of December , at the National Hall , Holborn ( not called by this Committee ) , Dr . _Bowring presided , and renewed his pie ) ge to bring the question of Polish nationality _befeiie Parliament . The Occurrences in

      Pousd known to thi ** Committee since the 23 rd of November last , may be briefly stated . Letters from Cracow exhibit many tyrannical and insolent acts ofthe newly _esiablished Austrian Government . According to very late accounts , Gallicia was still in a state of _siezi . Letters from Liraberg state that thirty-four of the military prisoners have been sentenced to be imprisoned in chains for different periods between eight and twenty years . Letters from Vienna state the arrest of Dembinsky , one of the chiefs in the late insurrection . Letters from Thorn , of December 15 , state that upwards of three hundred persons were lately in prison at Warsaw , tbat some of these had b ? en banished to Siberia , and others hanged in the

      citadel . A horrifying account of the sufferings of Tne Polish Phisoners is Siberia . _Arpzrared in a recent number ofa Polish journal , published in Paris , and was transferred to several of the Paris and London papers . _Thii account is from the pen ofa Pole . Rutin _Piotrowski , a soldier of the Revolution of 1 S 30 _, and political emigrant , who , under an Italian name , returned to his country in 1 S 13 . Having been discovered he was for no other offence than that of being in his native country , banished to Siberia . After suffering two years of intolerable misery he attempted and effected his escape . From the appalling account of his adventures we take the following extracts : — " The number of Poles exiled in Siberia exceeds 50 , 000 ; many

      are put to hard labonr iu some of the establishments ; the greater number of them are located on the lands _belonging to the administration of transported felons . * * * Colonel P . Wysoski , chief of the insurrection on the 29 th of November . 1 S 30 , was wounded and taken prisoner at tli 2 attack nf Warsaw in 1831 , and was in 1834 condemned to hard labonr in th - mines of Nertchimk , in Eastern Siberia , where he met a number of his countrymen , renteuced to the same punishment . Sh'rtly aft « r their arrival , they concerted a plan of escape , and gained over a Russian peasant to take them over to the opposite bank ofa river , and to be afterwards their guide . The Poles having mustered on the bank on tbe river in the night , the

      peasant took them to an island , aud under pretext of ascertaining whether they were watched went to give information to the _superintendant of the works ; the poor exiles were compelled to surrender , and were thrown into prison . Peter Wysoski , the hero of so many battles was condemned to receive 1 , 500 blows of the stick ; he underwent bis sentence with the constancy of a martyr , and after being cured , he was sent to the fortress at Akatui , situated further to the east ; to work at the forti . ications ; there he works , conversing with no cue , and shuts himsef up in his hut at night . " The Abbe Sieracinski and some others doomed to Siberian _Imrrors for having taken part in the insurrection of 1 S 30 . having planned to a-, tempt an escape , and the

      plan being discovered were , after three years _impris * . nrrent , sentenced to receive some * ' thousands " of blows of the stick . Tlie sentence of the Abbe Sieracinski and 4 others was " seven thousand blows tacii . " " At tiie appointed time for this sanguinary act . two _battalliors of 1 , 000 each were upon the public place . All Poles had been excluded from _the _** e _batt-illi'in- * , one of which was to inflict the sentences of 7 , 000 blows , and the other the lesser punishments . According to the _Russian military code ot - ' uii ' . _sliment , thc sticks us * -d in the application of the bnstina jo are to be of snch a thickness tiiat three of them may be put together in the barrel ofa regulation musket ; but the sticks use I on the Abbe Sieracinski and the others were so thick that thev

      eould be but with difficulty put in a musket barrel . According to the same regulation , tbe soldiers are to be in close columns , and not to move their elbows when iu the act of striking , but on tin ' s occasion there was a distance of one step between each man ; and they were ordered to put their right toot forward , and lo raise their arm , in order to strike with all their _mit-lit . The infliction commenced on those sentenced to 7 _. _U 00 blows ; but the Abbe Sieracinski was left to be the last of them . The prisoners , naked to the waist , were led , each in his turn , fourteen _tim < -s througn the ranks ( two soldiers striking at once counts bat fur one blow ) . When the prisoner falls exhausted , he is raised up and placed on a _bsneh , where he is made to receive the remainder of his punishment . When the Abbe _Sieracinski ' s turn arrived , a dector went up to him and offered bim drink , but he refused , and walked up to his

      executioners , singing the psalm , " Misero mei Deus : As he was weak , —his constitution shattered by long privation , —he _feilafur receiving 1 , 000 blows ; he wa ; then tsken up , placed on the bench , made to km el , his hands tied _behind his back _s-jss not to pro-eel it , and his head titd to a stake . In this position he was taken round in front of his executioners . Ue till breathed at the 4 , 000 blow . Ue _siiirtlyafter exuSred , ami mote than 2 , 000 blows were inflicted on his lifeless corpse ! The others Is- sentenced to 7 , 000 blows expired during the i _' _.-fl'ctkm , except one , who was spared becatiss he va- i'l . After having regained his health , he was _M-nt io Nertchinski , bat , having become mad , he k : i n ; himself the day before the execution . The b dies-f the five vietirat were buried near Omsk . " 'i ' h m * atrocities require no comment , those re-. _-- ;• _'ii-ib'e for them we commend to tbe vengeance ot iiiauki . d .

      • _» . ¦ : the faith of the AiareiniWp- Correspondent we L . i ve _a-sumnces of the 1 XT 1 . NCI 10 N OP TUB XAMK OF P . HA . VD . " We have received , " says that jcurn . il , _accoants from Wai . _** iw , wbich announce that , _act-oreiing to an imperial order , Poland has actually ceased to exist , and thnt it is incorporated with thc llus-ian empire . Warsaw is plunged in consternation , and affliction is depicted on every countenance . A commission has been appointed to regulate the financial affairs oi the kingdom , and when those are arranged the fact ol the incorporation is to be _promulgated . " It has been stated that the Russian governor ( Prince Paskewisch ) has orders , in the event of any revolutionary movement , to fire from the citadel on Warsaw and utterly destroy it .

      ihe Russian despotism has assembled a lar < _-e _a-ray on the frontiers of Cracow and Gallicia , for what purpose it is not easy to divine , though rumour asserts that the three robber powers are anything but harmonious with each other . The Protests of the _FasxcH asd _Esohsh Governments against tag _Aniuxatio . h or Cracow , Are matters of public notoriety . We have already ruade kilo va our views as to tbe English protest ( see the _address of the 7 th of December ); the " protest " of the French Government is equally a delusion ; a diplomatic -ham . _TUt _luillowness and falsehood of the speech of the *• li Ing of the French , " so far as it relates to the Crate-.- _j-ie- _'tioii , is too evident to need comment .

      1 . e-e is more apparent earnestness in the words f \ :- ¦ _sd by _Qaeeo Victoria on the opening of the _Brit-s _' i Parliament , but it is evident to this _oommitteet- 'tthe said words are mere " claptrap , " not _inte'de-ei tn hs followed by deeds which would attest tl _* _- « 'ii- -n ( ..-rity . l ' _.-e- ' . '< mipittee direct the serious attention of the Biv . _ii-h s- -pie to . hi tyrannical and insolent interft : l * .:- : . _*! ' lie th'te despotic powers with tht affairs oi :- _'»>}*; ¦ 'riaud . The * tyrants are evidently deterr-. i- _=-. _** . tytandising Switzerland , if the nations of Wi-.- ie . u Europe do not rise to prevent them . 'Hie growing spirit of hostility to Austria throughent Italy , hi highly important , and betokens in all probability , _» itrugglo _tgaiiut tepotiia io tht

      Macci.Ksfikld. Tiik Wrst Tk-Jtim-Jsiji.....

      country . Lastly , this Committee congratulates th haters of tyranny on the new victories gained by th heroic SchamyJ , and the heroes of the Caucasus over ike armies uf the _Ts-ir . G . Julias Harn ey , Secretary .

      * The Northern Star. „__„_________ Janua...

      * THE NORTHERN STAR . _„__„_________ January 23 , 1847 , _ _^ i _.. _^————————~—————^ _M _^—^^ _-M— _^___^___

      Pi-Blic Coo-Uno Ovens For Ths Working Cl...

      _Pi-blic _Coo-uno Ovens for ths Working Classes . —We derive the following description from a recent Austrian publication : — " Public cooking ovens have been established amongst the Jewish community at Prague for years past . This sect of religionists deserve thc credit of every where maintaining their own poor . The construction and working of these ovens is the following : —They are common baking ovens , of round or oblong _f-rm , as best suits the locality . Their _externil wall , however , is furnished with ' a number of mural shelves and niches , the use of whieh shall be presently explained . They are heated and open to the public at a very early hour , when ( at l ' rague , at least ) the working people go to their wo k . Hither , therefore , they bring their meals , either for breakfast , but most usually dinner or supper , after

      the work ofthe day has been performed . Thc cook receives their dishes , and places on them a label , whose utility is particular , and must be briefly explained . The people bringing tbeir meals for preparation may have them returned at any reasonable hour : some even wait for them . But suppose a person brines a dish early in the morning , which he doc ** not want but at night , then the cook places it in one of the many tin labels at hand , on which all hours of day and night , with tlieir fourth divisions , are inscribed . Thus , a person wanting his meal at a quarter pa-t nine r . M ., a label to tbat effect is placed on the vessel . The charge is from one to four farthings per dish , according to size and trouble required . If the pers-in does not call at the appointed hour , the meals are kept warm in the above shelves .

      Frightfvl Accident . —Dr . Dawson , who resides in Southgate in this town , ( Wakefield , ) had been on what is called a professional" round , " and returning home he and the lad , who were in a phicton got out , the last to obtain a drink of water for the horse , and while they were both away , thc horse set ot at full gallop down the street . At the bottom of the street , there is a warehouse which has cellars four or five yards below the level of the street , and before the wall of the warehouse there is a strong iron palisadeing , about half a yard from the wall , tho horse ran against the palisade witb such force that it knocked down about two yards of palisade , when the poor animal got entangled and fell head foremost , severing one of its hind legs from its body . A man and woman were passing at the time , but escaped by running up some steps , not a yard from theplace where the horse ran . The horse ( said to have been worth more than a hundred pounds ) was killed .

      _Gfit'CESTERSuiRE . —Manslauobikr . —The Metropolitan and City police have received information thata Coroner ainquest had been held upon the body of a man named Thomas Isaacs , wfio died from injuries received by Thos . Brown , at Bream _' s-green , in the Forest of Dean , Gloucestershire , and that a verdict of manslaughter was recorded against the said Thomas Brown , who has absconded . A proper description ofthe person and dress is in the possession of the police , of Brown , who is supposed to be working upon tram roads in some part of Wales . _Dibtbbis is _Paislei . —We soma weeks ago expressed tbe belief tbat , by a few days after the beginning of tbe year , tbe most of tbe unemployed bands would be taken up . In this we regret to find that we have been disappointed , and , as far from diminishing , the number ofthe

      destitute is increasing . It is calculated that the number at present out of employment , with their dependents , will be upwards of 5 , 500 . Tbe number receiving relief is about a half more tban it wat a few _week-J igo , and many cases of destitution among widows _endorpltuuc it is painful to contemplate . —Renfrewshire Advertiser . A JcDQt ' _s Summing Up . —Mr . Sergeant Adams , whose singularities and eccentricities occasionally produce such merriment in the court over whioh he presides , heard a case on Monday at the Middlesex Sessions , in wliich a lad stole a piece of pudding from an _eatinghouse-keeper ' s in Clerkenwell . Thc evidence having been gone through , the Learned Judge then summed op— " Gentleman of the Jury , you have heard this ease—off goes tke pudding—off

      goes tbe boy—off goes the woman ; she captures him bolting down a court , and here you hare the boy , pudding , and women before you ; gentlemen , eonaider your verdict . " Atthe close of this lucid and satisfactory address , the jury turned to each other in their box , and were soon in deep consultation . The impatient Judge hastily exclaimed , "Good God , gentlemen , what are you deliberating about ; the case is clear enough . " Thissettled the poor jurymen at once , and turning round in alarm they found the prisoner Guilty . His love of pudding got him a mouth ' s imprisonment , with the pleasant prospect of a whipping by the gaolers at the end of the first fortnight . [ We extract the above from a morning paper . Our contemporary seems to think Mr .

      Sergeant Adams " summing up" a capital joke , we think it a disgusting mockery , and , if the above is true , the judge , in our opinion , much , more deserves whipping than the boy who stole the pudding . ] "Death from Lstempebasce . —OnTue-day _^ vening an inqcest was held at the Tailors' Arms , Clement ' _slaue , by Mr . Bedford , on the body of John Lawrence a labourer , aged forty-seven , who was found dead at his lodging , 21 , _Clement _' _s-iane , In conse quence ot a report that deceased ' s death ensued from injuries sustained during a pugilistic rencontre , the inquest room was _crowded , but the evidence clearly _pmved that he died from apoplexy , the result of intemperance , and a verdict accordingly was returned .

      Rise in the Price op Provisions . — Within the last few days a great additional rise has taken place in the price of all kinds of provisions in the metropolis . Potatoes are now selling in Covent-garden market at the rate of 2 d and 2 'd per lb . The quartern loaf is at present at the enormously high price of lid and ls . Eggs are selling at 2 s Cd . per dozen , or 2 ' each . A proportionate rise has taken place _m the price of the various kinds of vegetables , accompanied by a very scanty supply even at the high prices demanded .

      Pi-Blic Coo-Uno Ovens For Ths Working Cl...

      THE TEN HOURS' BILL . IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT - MINISTERIAL INTENTIONS RESPECTING THE TEN HOURS' BILL . Mr . Ward piid bis annual visit to the slectors of Sheffield ou Wednesday . In the course of his speech he made a positive announcement respecting the Ten flours ' Bill : " I shall go to the House of Commons this year to see tbe Ten Hours' Bill curried . I say this on a higher authority than my own , and believe that _I-orS John Russell will give some modification of a Ten Hours' Bill bis support . "

      Ihar&Et Iwxtwmwtt

      iHar & et _IwXtWmwtt

      Corn Exchange. Jasuak 18. At This Day's ...

      CORN _EXCHANGE . _Jasuak 18 . At this day ' s market there was a fair show of English wheat , which realised a further advance of ls to 2 s over tie currency of this day week . In free foreign there was a moderate extent of business done at a similar improvement . Floating cargoes of Indian corn and wheat , _nsar at hand , in great request , but hardly auy to be hael , and for cargoes that will ne _. t arrive for two months , * - _'» more per quarter is freely offered .

      Provincial Markets. Richmond (Yorkshire)...

      PROVINCIAL MARKETS . Richmond ( Yorkshire ) Cobk Market , Jan . IG . —We had a fair supply of grain in our market to-day . Wheat sold from 9 s . to 10 s . 9 d . ; oats , 3 s . 4 d . o 4 s . lOd . ; barley , 5 s . to ( is . ; beans , tie . to Cs . 6 d . per bushel . _WahkingtonCoevMakst . —The _attendance was good at our market , and we had a fnir supply of new wheat from the farmers , which fetched from Cd . to Sd . per bushel more money . Hon . _Coen Mahebt . —At this day ' s market we had a good show of wheat from the fanners , but chiefly in bad condition . High and irregular prices were asked , but on the business done we quote ? _-., to 3 s . per quarter advance . Bikk . _vcbam Coax Market . —Daring the present week there has been less anxiety to purchase wheat , though an advauce of ls . to ' 2 s . _p-r qr . may in some _instanees , hav _« been obtained . Wakefield Cork Market . —The arrivals of wheat Mid oats are large but of other grain only moderate ; there was a demand from consumers and speculators , and all qualities of wheat are Is to 2 s higher . Beans and barley-Is higher ; and Id per stone dearer , lu shelling no change .

      _Makciikter Corn Market . — At our market this mor « - _iiig holders of wheat were firm in requiring an advanee of I'd to 3 d per 70 lbs . Flour was likewise held for ls per sack and barrel more money , but the demand was by no means extensive . Liverpool Cobk Market . —We have still an active grain trade . At Friday ' s market we had two or three purchasers of wheat for Ireland ; and considerable transactions also occurred in both wheat and flour on speculalation . Bonded flour advanced Ik per barrel , but duty paid met rery slow sale . Free wheat was 2 d , and bonded 3 d to 4 d per bushel higher . This advance is fully sup . ported to-day . Western Canal flour , in bond , has reached 43 a Gd per barrel . A fair business has been doing in other articles , at aa improvement of 2 d per per bushel on oats , ' 2 s per quarter on barley and peas , and Is per quarter on Indian corn since last Tuesday _, -jeans steadily maintain Itte _ralue .

      State Of Trade. Leeds.—Neither On Saturd...

      STATE OF TRADE . Leeds . —Neither on Saturday nor Tuesday was there quite so many goods sold at the Cloth-halls as on the three or four previous market days , but there has been more done in direct deliveries to the merchants off the market days , particularly stripe list ladies' cloth *! for the Indiaand China , _marke-. B , in which article there is more doing than for a long time past Trices are much tbe game as for the last few weeks . Ku * lness , ns respeets the home trade , is as dull as usual at this period of tho year . Ma . _vcuesth . —The demand for both clotb and yarn has bven but of a limited kind this week . Bradford . —The demand for combing wools continues restricted . Clothing wools are in good request , and obtain higher prices . For lower quantities of yams there is more inquiry , and large orders have been offered at present prices , but refused by the spinners . There seems , with the price of wool , no immediate ; prospect of a much better trade in yarns . A great number of plain pieces , especially Orleans , have to-day beeu bought at a _shude higher prices .

      _HrDDERSFlELD . —There , is no alteration to notice in this week ' s market . In stout pluin woollens of a middling quality , and heavy fancy goods , there has been an average demand . There lias been but little doing in the warehouses during the week . _IIalii-ax . — -The market to-day lias been little more than an average of the last two or three Saturdays , nor is there any improvement in prices of either yarn or piece goods . Tbs wool trade lias shown rather less animation since Christmas than for two or three weeks immediately preceding that season . _WaiefibIiD . —There is no alteration in the price of either long or short wool tbis week . Sales of either have not been extensive .

      Meeting At Oldham. On Thursday Evening A...

      MEETING AT OLDHAM . On Thursday evening a large and most respectable meeting of factory workers was held in the Town hall , Oldham , to petition Parliament to pass tlie Ten Hours ' Bill ; Mr . Alexander Taylor , one of the head constables of the boTough , ia the chair . After speeches from the chairman and others , and the passing of the usual resolutions and petition , Mr . Fielden * , who was most loudly cheered , said it afforded him great pleasure to meet them on that occasion , and to see them so unanimous , as he had often seen them before , in their determination to secure for those who laboured in factories the protection of a Ten Hours' Bill . There were , he had no doubt , many now present who

      would remember when tbey invited bim to b « eome their _reprasentatite—when , on the vacant ground behind the Albion hotel before the election took place , a great many questions were put to him and his late colleague , Mr . Cobbett , as to what they wero prepared to do if returned to Parliament as members for the borough . Among other things , they were asked whether they would support , in the House of Commons , an efficient Ten Hours ' Bill f and their answer was , "We will . " ( Cheers . ) His mind had not changed on that subject ( cheers ) , nor on any other on which he pledged himself at that large assembly of the inhabitants of Oldham . ( Cheers . ) Should he ever happen to change his opinion with regard to the pledges he bad given , he would at once intimate that change tohisconstituents , unless he could _explain to them

      satisfactorily why that change bad been brought about , he would at once resign his seat . ( Cheers . ) He wished to put distinctly to them this question : —Was there any one present who thought that eleven hours' labour per diem , in factories was not too long _< ( No , no . ) Was there one among them who would preier an eleven to a Ten Hour' Bill ? ( No , no . ) Were they aU resolved to persevere to the utmost of their power to secure ten hovers' for five days in the week , and eight hours on Saturday ? ( _Cheers . ) There was not one , then , who wished for an eleven hours' bill . ( Cheers ) Among the advocates for non-interference was tlieir most determined opponent in Parliament , Mr . Bright , the member for Durham , who stated distinctly that he never would sanction by his vote an act for limiting the labour

      of _adults—grown up men and women , but who ever asked him to give such a vote ? Who ever asked him to restrict the labour of adults—either mea or women J Bid it necessarily follow that children's labour in factories being restricted in ten hours a day there was no other 6 pecies of employment in whieh adults might busy themselves after the factories had closed f Were there no domestic duties for the women to attend to ' . Couid not the men make _themielves useful in otheroccupations instead of being confined to the factory ( Cheers . ) Mr . Bright objected to legislative interference , but th- ; principle had been recognised with respect to factory labour for forty years ; and tbat question was , therefore , set at rest with all who wished to argue the matter fairly . An act was passed , in 1833 , by Lord Althorp , restricting the

      hours of labtur , for children under thirteen , to eight hours a day ; in 1844 that act was amended , and the hours for those children were further restricted to six per diem . But why had they stopped at thirteen . He wished Mr . Bright , or any other advocate of non-interference , would justify this limit of thirteen year * of age . Suppose a child to-day had , what was thought , work enough in six hours' factory labour out of twenty . four , being a day short of thlrteeh years , was it fair , or just , or right , that the next day the same child should be put to work twolve or thirteen hours * . ( Cheers ) Such protracted labour in factories was too much for the child between thirteen and eighteen ; in fact , it was too much for the adult . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Bright knew this so well as he ( Mr . Fielden ) , from his own observation of the

      workers in hi 6 own mill . That wa * one objection ; but where was the objection of non-interference to stop ! Was not erery tax imposed on the community as interference with the labour and enjoyment * of man ° Was not the labourer required to give up a large portion of whut he earned for otherpurposes , not generally so good as those he could apply his substance to ! Let the advocate * of non interference reconcile how they could support such a system as this for the oppression of the working classes , and yet object to tbe admission of the principle of legislative interference for their protection * ( Cheers ) . They heard nothing now-a-days about stop _, ping the supplies , that the taxes might be reduced for the benefit ot the working men ; and the expenditure , instead of bein _^ diminished , bad gone on increasing . Then

      there wa * Lord Lincoln , who had just come out , assigning as another reason for objecting to a Ten Hours' Bill his apprehension , if ihe hours of labour were shortened from twelve to ten , those for whose bensfiit the act was passed—tbe operatives as he chose to call thera—would be the losers ; they would be rendered more mis _.-vab ' e , more abject , by working 10 than 12 hours a day . It wa * very ei ly to mak _* assertions , it was much more difficult for thm : who made tuch _asiertlons to provo them by facts . ( Cheers . ) If experience had anything to do with the question , experience gave the lie at once to such a statement . Instead of wages _having been reduced in consequence of such a reduction in the hours of labour , they had as they were well aware , aovanced . ( Cheers . ) It might easily be

      shown by the clearest argument in the world , that this was the direct operation of an abridgement ofthe hours of labour . What would bo the immediate effect of reducing the hour * per day from 12 to 10 in factories f If they had to makt the _Bame quantity of goods there would be an increased demand for machinery ; more machinery would bo constructed , and that would give increased employment to those who are engaged in that branch of trade . Aud when they had got their steam engine * and other machinery , what would be the effect a * to the hands ! Suppose , with 12 hours' labour they employed 100 hands , they would require 120 hands to do the work iu 10 hours ; and if 20 hands additional to every 100 must go into the factories , was there a man in Eugland who would deal- that this increased demand for labour would

      cause its price to rise t ( Cheers . ) Or , taking the other course , if they reduced the hours of labour from It to 10 , and the « _ame machinery only wer .- continued in operation , the Immediate effect would be to _lessen the quantity of goods _produced by one-sixth ; and if there wasany truth in the doctrine asserted hy the free traders ten thousand times over , that demand and supply regulate prices , one-sixth less being produced _kooJs would rise in value , _yiel-i a higher profit to manufacturers , and enable tbem to give higher wages , ( Cheer * . ) Lord Lincoln and Mr . Bright might take either horn of tha dilemma ; the fact * were plain ; the argument was conclusive ; it had never been answered by the opponents of the Ten Hours'Bill , and ho believed it never could be answered ( Cheer * . ) There was one observation made by Mr . Bright ,

      and although he felt it almost contemptible , he would just notice it . Ho remembered a similar statement being made by Mr . G . W . Wood , when the Ten Hours' Bill was discussed 12 or 14 years _.-ie . -o ; it wa * said if they reduced the hours of latiourfrum 13 to ten , the production of manufacturers nould be reduced by onesixth . He did not tbink they would get so much' more per hour as Mr . Gardiner ' * men a _» I _' re-stou had calculated by working shorter time . IK * kn-w that tbe bands in his works could not produce so much in 11 as in 13 hours ; but let that pass . Mr . Bright has said , if they reduced the hour * of labour from 12 o 10 they would lessen production to the extent of what the consumption of cotton wa * at the close of the w « r . That was very true ; but he might have looked a little further , and

      asked whether , by increasing production as we bad , tbe people _« f the manufacturing districts—wltethrr masters employing men—the workers themselves , or those living around them who participated in the distribution of their wage *—bad in any way profited ihereiy f Was thissoornot ? In _lilo the consumption of cotton wa * 6 , 01 ) 0 bait * a week ; in 1816 the we » kly consumption of cotton , according to the _anniul statement _published by tbe Liverpool brokers , was S 0 _. 400 balu _* - ; anrt what had been the result f He challenge .: ! to Mr . _Uriulit eir any other opponent ) of the Ten Hours' Bill to dispr .. vr what he wits now going to assort—that during the last mi months of 1816 the manufacturers and their wotkpeole hail less money for working up the 30 , 400 bales it week in 18 ' 6 than they had for working up 6 . 000 in 1815 . ( Cheers . )

      Well , then , why Bhould they make themselves slave * for all the world t Why should they make _tlwuistlves slaves for those who taxed them ! Why should they support a riper to stiag _themday by day . ( When the question wns whether 1 hour should be abstracted Irom _l'l _, they were told the production of manufactures would be diminished . This was no argument — why should political economy trench on vital economy t It sliou ' . d not be so with his consent . ( Cheers . ) He had siid _enough to provo that tho advocacy of the Ten Hours' Kill was just ia priuciple ; but it was also necessary to the well-being of the people , for the children were being destroy , d . ( Cheer * . ) A more delicate age there was not in human life than between thirteen and sixteen ; ami thete poor children , by being confined as they now were , would become unfit for fathers , unfit for mothers . ( Cheers . ) The factory system wa * destroying the strength und sinews of the nation . ( Cheers . ) He remembered hearing Sir

      John Elley , when supporting Lord Ashley on the Ten Hours' Bill , declare , as a commander of the British force * , that he would not go into the manufacturing _d-s nets tu recruit for grenadiers , nc said that four out of every five enlisted in tbe manufacturiug _districts were rejected ' , while four out of five enlisted in the rural _nutricts passed . ( Cheers . ) No 6 _'ronger argument could be used for abridging the hours of labour in factories . ( Chum . ) In Notliiighnin little children were employed iu tne manufacture of the finest fabrics perhaps in the World , to ornament the persons of the rich ; very littluof what _thery produced went to thc poor . Little children _sevni jean old were kept twenty out of twenty-four hour- , a day at this work without being allowed to go home for rest , and a bill was only last year brought into _Failiament to stop this excessive labour of infants in the Nottingham lace factories , when the same arguments against the _interference of the Legislature with labour uud capital were Advanced at were ( till urged _seainst thn Ten Hours-

      Meeting At Oldham. On Thursday Evening A...

      Bill . This showed how determined were the advocates of long hours of labour to enrich themselves by extorting tbe most they could from tho « e they employed . Tbey would nevtr relax the hard clenched hand with which they grasped all they _posses'cd , till the _L-igUlature stepped in for the protection of the weak . ( Cheers . ) Let every man , woman , and child , employed in factories , put their names to all petitions _calling for tbe restriction of the labour of children between 13 and 18 , and all female * , to 58 hours per week . Let the ministers of religion support them . It was their duty to take care of their bodies as well as of their souls . ( Cheers . ) He

      called upon medical men , shopkeepers , nnd every class of the community , to come forward , and , by their petitions , to urge the Legislature to gront the poorest and most oppressed of their fellow creatures tho boon they required of shorter hours of labour , without which all their public parks , mechanics' institutions , would fail to elevate or improve their condition . ( Cheers . ) Oldham bad always been consistent on this question . He never attended a more numerous or more unanimous a meeting than the present , and with _ttieir support he would do his utmost to obtain for them , next session , a Ten Hours' Bill . ( Loud and continued cheering . ) The usual votes of thanks concluded thc proceedings .

      Meeting At Macclesfield. A Meeting On Th...

      MEETING AT MACCLESFIELD . A meeting on the above subject called by tho Mayor , in compliance with a respectably signed requisition , was held on Thursday evening-,. in the National School , Mr . Bullock iu the clvtir . The meeting was _advertised to be held in the Town Hall , but owing to the repairs at present going on there , it was found that it would be very inconvenient to have it cleared out for the purpose ; a large number of person * had assembled at the Town Hall by _hslf-past seven o'clock , the hour of meeting , and shortly afterwards it was announced that they should adjourn to the National School : tlis turned out to be n very fortunate arrangement , as the large numbers who ultimately crowded into the National School , could not have heen accommodated in the Town Hall .

      Mr . | JoH ( . _Wbioiit , an operative who hns long taken a deep interest in this qurstinn , in rising to move the first resolution , said the resolution was to the effect that tlie present long hours of working females and young persons in factories was injurious to health , and calculated to render abortive all efforts to instruct tbem in their moral , social , and religious duties , and he would add , in the proper discharge of their domestic duties . They rvould see at once the mighty importance attached to this rerolution , not only as men , not only as women in . terested in a livelleood , but as _beings passing through 3

      probationary state and having interests vastly more important than those connected wiih the mere sustenance of human existence , did it come to them . It set forth that the working of the present hours in the factory was injurious to health ; he knew very well that there were persons holding high stations in society _. _Vho put forth different views , but that after all was no reason why they should not endeavour lo lessen the hour * of labour in factories . The speaker dwelt at great length on the second part ofthe resolution , and concluded an _excellent speech by _moring its adoption .

      Mr , Kichabd Gee , silk throwster , seconded tbe resc lution in a lengthy and able address _. The Rev . Mr , Wbioiit , _Wesleyan ( Association ) mini * _, ter , supported the resolution . He said there was something pleasing in the aspect of such a meeting as the present , and it was a scene in which all must rejoice who desired to see the world happier and better than at present . He could not but feel interested in a movement which bad for its _' object the physical moral and mental improvement of his fellowmeii , or the amelioration of the condition of the working classes , of which he formed a member . It was from the working classes thathe sprung , and he could fully appreciate the remarks which had been made in reference to the injurious effects of protracted hours of labour . He was not prepared to argue the question in an economical or political point of

      view , in a social , moral , and intellectual view , he was entirely with them . It could not be denied that the shortening ofthe hours of labour , would tend very much to improve the condition ofthe working classes in an iniutelleetua . 1 and moral point of view . The establishment of public parks for the people wa 9 a noble object , and a step certainly in advance . But he could not but think tbat it was in somo _decree useless to establish such parks , unless at the same time they cave the people an opportunity of visiting them and enjoying thera . ( Applause . ) It was placing them in the position of Tantalus ; surrounding them enjoyments without giving them the means of attaining them . Give the people opportunities of enjoying themselves or the establishment of public parks was worthless and of no value . The same might be said of the establishment of Mechanics' Institutions .

      After some other equally excellent observations the speaker sat down amid loud applause . The resolution was then formerly put from tho chair and carried . Mr . Jons West was then introduced by tbe chairman , and was received with loud applause . He said it was with great pleasure that he came forward to propose the adoption of Che next resolution , and in so doing be could not but congratulate those present on the appearance of that meeting , as well as on tbe circumstances under which they had been called together . He congratulated the meeting upon the present position of the question of infantile emancipation . It was not now necessary as it was formerly , to point to the inhuman cruelties , of tbe factory system . They used at one time

      to depict it in its truly awful colours , and in such a _manntr that its supporters had cried , " Spare us , we grant that all the dictates of humanity are for you . " Yes , they had now humanity on their side , and they had lived down tho opposition on that score . They had never relaxed in their exertions , and he thought that the numbers present that night , showed that tbeir resolves were as firm as ever , and that in another session they would secure that measure of justice they were now seek ing , for their wives and _chil-lren . He might go into the moral part of the question too , but that too was admitted . In fact , everything _tb- _'y once argued was now admitted and granted tbem , and they had all on their side , ( Hear . ) Still there was one other side they ( the opponents ) must diipute and that was the commercial

      part of the question . ( Hear , hear . ) They were uot afraid to meet tbem on that ground also He wished they would come to their meetings to hear their own arguments answered . But as they would not , they had to take what opportunities they could of setting the people right upon the . point . To commence with the question ; be wished to consider it in a light where small us well as large capitals would be equally involved , if the chunge they were seeking should take place . He did not dispute but that there might be some loss whioh would result to the large manufacturers , and some gain which would result to the smaller ones , Still he should rather consider this ass bem-fir , and as a measure of equal justice , as under the present system men of capital were risieg up in riches nnd splendour , tvhilstthe man of

      limited means was struggling on with diffeulty hardly knowing bow to make an existence . ( Hear , hear . ) He would endeavour to put tbe matter in the plainest light _. There was a certain amount of capital expended in mills _. From this a certain amount of profit was expected to return . The profits af tbe large capitalists enabled him to employ a much larger number of hands , and to work them longer , when the small capitalist was comparatively circumscribed in his means of payment . The large speculator had thus an opportunity of forestalling one of smaller means , and producing a glut iu the market . Let the hours of labour , however , be

      reduced , and the one would be subjected to the same changes of trade as the other . Ia fact , it would introduce a principle of regulation and prevent those undue speculations which deprived the fair and honest tradesman of any advantage in the commercial world . ( Hear , hear . ) It was said again that if we adopted a short time bill , it would destroy their foreign trade , and expose thcinto the evil * of foreign competition . Home competition he said wa « an evil of far greater magnitude , and by shortening the hours of labour they would take the most effectual steps towards destroying it . He denied that it would injure their foreign trade , and asserted that it would tend to iuerease it . What was

      foreign trade ? Nothing but an exchange of _t'ommodities , and it was nothing but the want of a proper attention to tbe laws of supply and demand that sometime * produced such disastrous results , Wben there was more of one article in the market than there was of another , temporary _depressions , gluts , and panics wero the consequence . ( Hear . ) They wuHted a uuifoimity of trade which would euattla them to keep pace with the _natural laws of supply and demand . They should not then have to experience those short periods of prosperity and the long und dreary seasons of adversity to whieh tbey had been accustomed , but trade would bu firm und equal , and tho wages good . Suppose tbe market was overstocked , did they think there would be a riso of wages ! No , on the _coutrary , there would be a reduction ; and it was iu

      cases like _thene that the operatives were unable 111 those long seasons of depression to resitit a reduction in their wages . ( Hear , hear . ) This cry respecting tlieir foreign trade was an "l'l one . So far from iheir foreign trade heing _swallowid up an actual increase bad taken place since ili « hours of labour had been reduced . The fact whs , there _tnu-ii be a reduction in the produce of the country , and , in order to shew that their trade would not bt- injured , he read the following statement : —Iu theyear 1812 , when the operatives worked 72 hours per week , the ipiii ' itityot' raw material worked up was 100 million of _iikuikIb , In 1831 , when the hours were reduced from 72 _tniW hours a week , the amount of raw material bail in * . reused to 287 millions of pounds . In the year 1833 , when a further reduction in the hours of labour took place , the amount increased still further , and since then it had gone in increasing . In the year 1810 , it amounted to 4 » S

      millions , and last year 10 532 millions of pounds , bo that here they might see that while they hail gone on _sliortetiini ? tbe hours of labour , tbe quantity of raw ma ; 'lial worked up bad _prodiginu-ly increased . ( Applause . ) While they were told en the onset , that if thev reduced the _liwcrB of labour , tbeir trade would be swallowed up , they had been increasing that trade itt tho raie ol lit percent . ( Hear , hear . ) The agitation « a * spreading over every _piwt of the world , In ilussia , the Autocrat had issued orders for the reducticn of the hours of hihour , lu France , too , the question was in course of agitation ; and in America , _the-y were _struggling for a Ten Hours' Bill . In some countries , certainly , they wer-- _aeloptitig the system tor a _se-ilisli purpose , as they had di » _covered that , in a short time , they would not huvea _soldierfit to carry a musket . In _Hussia , it was found that , whilst tbey could git one out of the factory district * quolificd to serve in the army , they could get

      Meeting At Macclesfield. A Meeting On Th...

      500 out of tht agricultural populaf ion . Every country now saw tne necessity of regulating the system of production . The alterations and improvements whieh were daily taking place in the arts , chemical and mechanical , rem dered such a regulation imperatively necessary . In 1792 , the population amounted to fifteen million * ; thc manual labour amounted to 3 , 720 , 000 ; and the chemical and mechanical power to 11 , 250 , 000 , _making _together fifteen millions , or one to ono in regard to the population and power employed . Iu 1840 , tbe population had increased to twenty-seven millions , while the manual labour amounted to nine millions , and the cbemfcal and mechanical power to six hundred millions , that being in the proportion of twenty-two to one . ( Sensation . ) It was plain that , if they went on much longer in this way ,

      the country would he ruined . Mr . West proceeded , at some length , to remark upon the benefits which would arise to the working classes , from the adoption of the measure about to be brought forward , It could notboth ruin manufacturers and drop wages too , as had been attempted to be be shown , and even if it did drop wages , the very utmost extent to wliich they eould fall would not be more than six and a half per cent ., and this he maintained would be more than saved by economy on the part of the poor man ' s wife . If a woman ' s dress cos t sixpence more , she eould make it herself and thus save the expense of a milliner . Mr . Wast made some telling remarks upon the present condition of females who worked at the factory , and 6 hoived it could be improved by cur . tailing the hours of labour . He asked the audience if

      they would relax in their exertions to obtain justice for their wives and daughters ? Tbe employers had opposed this movement , because they wished to keep the market well stocked with labourers . They knew that if ever the measure became law , there would , at once , be a scarcity of hands , and that there would be no reserve to fall back upon . ( Cheers . ( So long as the labour market was overstocked , tke working men would be fit for nothing but to be thrown to the dogs ; ( a laugb , ) but 60 soon as there was a scarcity of hands , labour became a valuable commodity . He wished tbe employer and employed to stand upon an equal footing , but as it was there were too many of the latter on the clod . ( A laugh . ) He did not like the term " lower order , " or " master ; " they were poorer but not lower than the

      socalled higher order , and the word muster pre-supposed a state of slavery , After some further remarks Mr . West proceeded to say that the presentquestion was considered as the most important of the day . The rery existence of the country was thought to depend upon it . It was said that the church was in danger , that the throne would fall , tbat the national debt would be wiped away , and that all would he anarchy and confusion if the bill about tobe introduced into Parliament were to be passed into a law . It was very pitiable if tbe frame-work of English society and English institutions should be found to rest upon the _working'to death of young women and children . ( A laugh . ) If , then , institutions eould not survive the change let them give way to others , which would be based upon a more durable foundation .

      ( Cheers . ) Institutions winch should be based upon the morality—the intelligence—and not tfie blood of the people . ( Ilenewed cheers . ) If they could not stand the shock , perish the institutions , but live the people whe would erect others in their stead . ( Cheers . ) They must not mince the matter now that they were told that so much depended upon the abstraction of two hours a day from the toil of the people . There was , 1 canker worm at tbe root of the state , and if the present _question was not conceded to thero , their institutions might be swept away . They were told tbey might strike . They should use their means and appliances , however , in a different way t they had tbe public press on their side , and that they would take as tbeir artillery train ! publie opinion should be their shield ; the arguments , reasons ,

      and common sense their weapons _-, and the laws and the constitution should be the ground upon which they would fight their battle . He accused Mr . Cobden of having violated a sort of engagement he made to join them when the Corn law * were abolished . He called upon them not te relax in their efforts as an election was coming on last year many would not vote , as Sir Robert Feel declared he weuld resign if the bill was carried . Sir Robert Peel and Sir James Graham were now out of office , and he hoped the people would make the table of the House of Commons groan under the weight of their petitions . He concluded by moving a resolution expressive of the meeting's approval of the bill to be introduced into parliament next session by Mr . John Fielden , aad sat down amid great applause .

      Mr . Gbove seconded Ibe motion , which was then unanimously passed . Mr . _Jobk Caoklit moved , and Mr . John Him seconded the adoption of a petition , whieh was also unanimously agreed to ; and after thanks had been voted to tbe Chairman and the _Mayor , the meeting separated . ] We cannot afford room for the copy of the petition adopted at tbe above meeting . —En . N , S , [

      Richard Oastler, Esq. To Charles Hindley...

      RICHARD OASTLER , ESQ . TO CHARLES HINDLEY , ESQ . M , _P . Mv Dear Sir , —1 observe , in the Ten Hours' Advocate of tbe 2 nd instant a letter from you "To tbe Chairman of the meeting of Delegates from Factory Workers assembled in Manchester , " ( 0 which you will naturally expect that I shall reply , I refer to the paragraphs in their order , as numbered by yourself . 1 . You complain , that , * ' an impression has been attempted to be created that you are favourable to an Eleven Hours ' , in preference to a Ten Hours' Bill . " And this " you distinctly deny . "

      What I said , respecting you and an eleven hours' bill , is reported in several paper * , and so far as I have seen , they agree in substance . In The Timet I am correctly reported to have said — "He ( Mr . Oastler ) was informed that Mr . Hindley was getting up a movement for eleven hours in Lancashire , not calling public meetings , but urging influential mea among the operatives to persuade them to accept an eleven hour * ' bill . " Am I to understand that " you distinctly deny that V If so , I shall rejoice that I hare beea deceived by false information , and shall hasten to do you justice before the public . You must know that I could not make the above statement witbout pain , because you cannot have forgotten _^ yoir solemn promise t » me ( a * you left thc House of Cemir . _ons , after the division on Mr . Fielden ' s motion , ) tbat , " From that moment , in consequence of tbe disgraceful conduct of Sir Robert Feel ' s _gorernmsnt on that occasion , you would never mention Eleven Hours again . " You emphatically added— "From this time it shall be Ten Hours or sotiilHg . "

      i . Your fears about " tlie extreme difficulty , if net impossibility , of at once coming to Ten Hours , " ore unworthy of the mind of a Christian Statesman . Such expressions of despondency should animate the truehearted with mora resolution to persevere . 3 . If " an Eleven Hours'Bill has been several times within jour reach , " why , —if you think so highly of it , — did you not grasp it ! I will tell you . It was intended to settle tho question , and for ever to deprive us of our Ten Hours' Bill ! It was , consequently , indignantly rejected . ' We can submit to no compromise . Above Ten Hours has been , by the highest authority , declared to be " murder !"

      4 . Present suffering is often to be endured fer future good . Cowar . ls avoid present pain—though the penalty be a whole life of lingering death . The brave , resolves on victory , meet present hardships with magnanimity ; in our case , tbey look at the prize—the Ten Hours' Bill —and will submit to no surrender . Tou call this " policy , " we call it principle ! 5 . Is it true , that" & majority of the House of Common * is in favour of an experiment of an Eleven Hours ' Bill ? " I do not believe It . "An experiment of an Eleven Hour * ' Bill" is not tbe way they treat the _question in the House of Commons . There , as you well kuow _, " an Eleven Hours' Bill" is spoken of as " a compromise to settle the question' . " nay , it is broadly asserted in that place , that " the manufacturing operatives will be

      satisfied with an Eleven Hours' Bill , and when obtained , will cease to agitate for the Ten Hours' Bill . " Now , we will be no party to such delusion . The manufacturing operatives are resolute on the question . They don't want to deceive the House of Comvnons , or the government . They wish it to be distinctly undcritood , that no _compromise can be made , that they will never be content until the young persons and females in factorial are protected from " murder . " Yon say , that" you have , st the present moment , a not inconsiderable number of the operatives in favour of an experiment of an Eleven Hours' Bill . " Where are they!—not in Yorkshire ; not

      iu Scotland ; of that I am certain . I have tested them , —I have found none . If you have them in Lancashire , let me know where ! Call a public meeting in any town ; your own borough if you choose j I will go all the way to see these " operative eleven hour * ' men , " of whom we have heard so much ia the House of Commons , but who , as yet , have always been non est in the manufacturing districts ! When you mentioned those " men in buck _, ram , " you , no doubt , thought you were addressing " the House . " There it may be safe to put your wishes into facts ; in Manchester yoa should be more caution * . Ah ! my dear friend , you have been seeking tbme " eleven hours'operative * , " —but—you have not found them . '

      C . " The growth of cotton is laid not to equal the consumption . " These are very awful words—they are your own I On tbis point you have better information than I . I presume you are correct . If so , none are more in need ofa Ten , or perhaps an Eight Hours' Bill , than the mill-owners themselves ! Yes , my old friend , a dearth of cotton will assuredly bring our bitterest enemies " to be at peace with us . " " The present time i * then indeed " peculiarly favourable to " the adoption of _ihej Ten Hours' Bill ! Let the _mill-ownsrs look to it ! If _tut-rc be a dearth—they can only avoid ruin by joining the Ten nours' Bill standard . So true is it , that " honesty is the best policy . "

      7 . Yo'iknow very well , Sir , that you are attempting to deceive the operatives when you represent tbe Eleven Hours' Hill as a stepping » tone to a Ten Hours' Bill . No one knows better tban yourself , that , In the House of Commons , tbe Eleven Hour * ' Bill is ever treated as a settlement of the question , as a compromise to » tay further agitation ! Why should you , who are so well acquainted with ihir . ait , attempt deception ou the poor factors operati' . _esl Your lug ! . [ 1 _irn-rapti is unnurabored—but full of point . Rend it tu . _uiiu .-ir , and say , havo you the heart to delude tbo » e _whem you acknowled ge have been so patient , long sufl'jiing , nnd _self-sacrificiui ; ? Can . jou , m ft legislator , deny such persons a claim so just at a Ten Hours' Bill » In this _paraj-r _. iph you furnish the strongest proof of your

      Richard Oastler, Esq. To Charles Hindley...

      folly , in hoping to persuade the factory operatives to an t ept an Eleven Hours' Bill , * I remain , my dear Sir , Your * , most truly , Richard _Oastus , P . S . —Whatasingularpo _« tjcrlptl * thatofyour »! what an _oddquestiod is thaf ' you should like to ask our York » birefriends ;"—vi * . "If the _agiiation Jn Yorkshire , _-p * have changed a vote in the nouse of Commons of any of tbe members for the district •" That entirely depends on the members themselves Perhaps they may be impervious to reason , argument , and ' truth , or there may be no sympathy between those mom .

      hers and the clergy and operative * of the district ! Ia either case , so far as they are _concerned " the ag itation _jjj Yorkshire" will have been useless ; bu t "the agitation _la Yorkshire" will have proved to the g overnment , and t 0 _theHouscefCommons _. _thatthosememberswhoassert _. that " an Eleven Hours' Bill will satisfy tho factory operatives ofYorksliire , " are not worthy of credit ! " Th c agitation in Yorkshire" has also exhibited the strength of argument which is relied on by the " Members" who support _a _» Eleven Hours' Bill . Teach it , Mr . Hindley , to every Eleven hours'convert in the " House" — -it is so _sbortand pithy—so conclusive!—so convincing!—that it _miist win a majority in any company swayed by " common sense !"

      Remember , this is the only argument in favour of an Eleven Hours' Bill , with which we have been favoured during "the agitation in Yorkshire . " We thank Mr , William Beckett , M . P ,, for Leeds for it . That Honourable Member says in a letter to the Chairman of the Leeds Short Time Committe : — "t have upon a former occasion stated to you that I was the advocate for an Eleven Hours' Bill , and subsequent reflection serves to confirm me in that view of the subject . " Having thus broadly stated his advocacy of an Eleven Hours' Bill , and

      having backed his opinion by " subsequent reflection , " the honourable and candid member proceeds to develope his arguments in favour of the position he has taken , as " an advocate for an Eleven Hours' Bill , " by adding " al . _thouah I have no hesitation in _acknowledging to you that I think Ten hows actual daily work is as much as ought to be imposed on any class of thc community , and that unless our trade , _donies'ic or foreign , can afford area _, _sonable day ' s wages for such a term of daily employment , [ Ten _Hoursjitdoesnotconfer that benefit upon the country to which its industry is entitled . "

      I thank my old friend , Mr . Wm . Beckett , for boldly a * . sorting the warm and manly _feeliags of his heart , to the utter demolition ofthe cold theory his head ! I thank you , alto Mr . Hindley , for reminding me of " the agitation in Yorkthire . " To your last _quettion , " Will an advocate for ten hour * go for Manchester V I might retort by asking , Will one for eleven hours t or , Is Manchester the United Kingdom ! or , Are wisdom , and truth , and justice , confined to Manchester 1 or . Are the constituents of _Manchesterworshippers of God or of gold ? That ' s a foolish question of yours , Mr . Charles Hindley . The question being , What is right ! What is just 1 not , what Manchester may or may not do . S « rely you are not prepared to assert that thi * question » houln be submitted to the arbitrement » f the member for _Mancheitcr ! No , No , If Manchester chooses to revel in " the groans and tear * of women and children , " we will never cease striving to save our country from so great a curse I R . O .

      Prospects Of The Session. (From Puite"I....

      PROSPECTS OF THE SESSION . ( From Puite " i . ) A SONG FOB LORD JOHN _lr-gSILT ,, With one thing and another , with anxiety and bother , What perplexity and trouble , and confusion I am in ; I seem all _hurry-skurry _, in a flurry and a worry , Now the session Parliamentary is going to begin . The work of Legislation will be such a complication , That how shall I unravel it I ' m _puzsled how to think : Weshall be so very busy , the idea make * me dizzy , And from the undertaking I am half incliaed to shrink .

      There ' s the Sanatory question for discussion and dlge _* . tion , There ' s the Smoke . prevention measure—there ' * tbe Duty upon Tea : I ' ve to settle Church Preferment , aad to regulate interment , And the Malt . tax abolition must be grappled with by me . On the Buildings' Act revision I must come to some decision , And waggon-loads of Railway bill * must manage to get through : With the press of business matter , and the talking and the ohatter , Upon my life I can ' t conceive whatever I shall do _.

      Then the Windo * w-tax repealers have been putting forth their feeler * , And I _ihall have to answer them , or yield to their demand ; Whilst , distracting my attention—oh , most horrible to mention ' . — There'll be both Free Trade Extension and the Burdens upon Land . And the diplomatic kettle I of fish shall have to settle , And all ! know about the Spanish Marriage to reveal ; Oh 1 humbly a * a spaniel , let tn * beg , my dearest Daniel , In thi * trying situation not to plague me witk Repeal

      Then a scheme of Education I mutt furnish for the na titn , Which Inglis will be trying to cut up in smithereens ; Anil amid all thete _transactions , and the cavilling * of factions , I shall hare tt set to work about devising Ways and _Menis . Worst of all , tbe monstor question there remains , whole bare suggestion Makes every hair upon my head to bristle up en end , I can't shirk it , I must meet it—who will tell me how to treat it !—With Ireland and her evil * I am call'd on to contend .

      Oh , how badger'd , bored , and _haratsM , how _eroii-quei . tion'd and embarrass'd , How _boater'd , _teas'd , and taunted , and tormeuted _, I fhall be .

      Fatal Accident Is Ins Strkets. — On Mond...

      Fatal Accident is ins Strkets . — On Monday an inquest was held before Mr . W . Baker , coroner , at the Ten Bell ' , _Church-street , _Spitalfields , on the body of Richard Ilillier , aged seven years ; it appeared in evidence that on Saturday last the deceased was walking along Brick-lane , Whitechapel , when on arriving opposite Trueman _, Ilaulmry . and Co . s brewery , He was met by a man unknown , who was running at full speed , and before the _deceased | could stand clear he was knocked down into the kennel . A waggon heavily laden , which was passine in a contrary direction , came by at the time and both the wheals passed over the body of tho unfortunate boy ; he waa instantly raised from the ground by his brother , but life was found to be quite extinct . Verdict , " Accidental death . "

      _Crusaoe op the * Poor Law _Commissiosbhs _43 AIN 8 _T thb _Parish op St . Pancbas . —On Tuesday , at the _meeting of the St . Pancras Board of Directors and Guardians ( Mr . J . \ V . B . Wright in the chair ) , Messrs , Cator and Coultart , two of the relieving overseen , laid before the board summonses they had received to attend and give evidence on oath that day , before the poor Law commissioners , at Somerset House , as to their duties and the mode of administering out-door relief in St , Pancras . The board decided that they might go , but prohibited their production of any books or documents . The evidence giren by Mr . M'Gahey , the clerk , a copy of which , from the shorthand writer ' s notes , had been furnished by the Commissioners , was read , and Mr . Stewart , another relieving officer , stated the Bubstance of his evidence before the Commissioners , and the matter was directed to be referred to the vestry at their next sitting .

      Destructive Fire i . v Wells-street , _Oxfordstrket . —On Monday , a fire , with a considerable de * _struction of property , broke out upon the premises in the occupation of Mr . Riddle , a cabinet-maker , carrying on an extensive business at 5 i , _VVells-street , Oxford-street . The flames originated in tho second floor ofthe workshops , at tho rear of the dwelling house . An instant attempt was made to extinguish the flames by mea us of buckets of water , but owingto tho firm hold they had previously obtained coupled with the inflammable nature of thc stock id trade , the fire travelled with more than usual rapidity , so that in less than half an hour after the

      outbreak ofthe flames had penetrated the roof The engines ef tbe parish , London brigade , and West of England Company , arrived at tho scene in rapid succession , and no time wa * lost in setting the engines to work ; notwithstanding which the flames continued to progress , and it was not until that portion of tho works in which the fire commenced was burned out , and the roof destroyed , that tho firemen could succeed in getting the conflagration subdued . The damage done is very considerable , for , besides the above , the lower portion of tho building and its contents arc seriously injured by water . Unfortunately tor . Riddle was not insured for a single penny . The origin of the disaster could not be ascertained .

      Child Murdkr at Chelsea . —On Wednesday forenoon Mr . Mills held an inquest at the workhouse , _Arthur-street _, King ' _s-road , Chelsea , on the body of a newly-born male infant . James _llcnnessv , tho sextonof the Roman Catholic Cemetery of St . Joseph , situate near tho . workhouse , proved finding on the 12 at inst . the body of tho child in a drain connected with a _water-ebset attached to the cemetery . There was generally public access to the closet , and jit * was of opinion that the child had been dropped into the soil of it , and thence washed into the drain . Uo had no knowledge of the party or parties who had so disposed of the body , neitlier had the police , who had been inquiring into the matter for a week . Mr .

      Warner , a surgeon , who had opened tbe body , said it had been born alive , aud without medical aid . Ho had found a piece of cloth twisted and tied very ti f _-htly round the neck , which was more compressed than any neck he had ever seen before . From the morbid appearances ofthe brain and lungs , not onto was he satisfied that the child had lived , but that ft had died from wilful _strangulation . Thc Jury , without hesitation , returned this verdict—'' That " the deceased had been found exposed , dead , and murdered wilfully by somo person or person * as yet unknown to them . "

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 23, 1847, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_23011847/page/6/