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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st August 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3, 3&zmew&

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      From Such Materials We May Juetl Expect ...

      AUGUST 21 , 1847 . _^¦^ ====== _^ _, — THE NORTHERN STAR . 3 I I ¦ < - , _, _*^ _SS _^ _S _^^ S £ S - ————¦— n _. i mi ii _. i _. _inriH _-, ____________________________ _^

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      -^ ^ Jhe Bbobes Stilts.—A Ballad^ Bt Ms ...

      - _^ _^ jHE _BBOBES STILTS . —A BALLAD _^ BT MS B . T . FORTEB . Whin the dew is _falling , love , When the flawer _' s asleep , When the owl is calling , lore , Fromthe ruined keep , When the night is _hidiuy , love , Day ' s unthinking crowd , _And th « moou is glidingUove _, In her fleecy shroud , * _tf hen the glow-worm ' s lamp is burning , JSrial lover * to _beguile , Meet me where the lane is turning , Meet me hy the broken stile .

      Where no eye is watching , love , Blushes on my cheek ; Ko strange ear is catching , love , Sounds I scarce may speak . Earth knows not the fitness , love , Of my deep devotion , Heaven alone , may witness , love , My heart ' s fond emo ; ion . When the bat his evening chase , Wicgeth thro * the wood ' s defile , . Meet me at the _trusting place , Meet me by the broken stile .

      When the beetle humming , love , Swcepeth past thine ear , Snow tbat I am coming , love , Know that I am near . Then thou shalt not chide me , love , Call me proud and cold _. Drooping by thy side , my love , Ail my _fononeis told—Came , and hear the words , e ' en thou From my lips could _' st never wile , Meet me where my first fond tow Waits thee , by tbc broken * tile .

      The Victory. The Field Is Ours— Tbe Batt...

      THE VICTORY . The field is ours— tbe _battled Woa _, The Chartists' work is nobly done , They stood tbe fire of Goth and Hun , Resistless in their bravery . The Goth and Hun there side by side , Enrag'd , the people ' s might _dety _* d , And , press'd by courage , madly _crj'd , To charge with gold and revelry . Corruption ¦ _pour'd hex deadly shot , And , drank with wealth , almost forgot , That Freedom ' s sons _ambition'd not The treasures of a Bhacchanal .

      Oppression labour ' d , too , in vain , To forge anew tbe _people ' s chain— . But sunk upon the battle plain , Into a hideous sepulchre . Immortal plain > where aU the _braye Came , not to slaughter , but to savs ; And make a deep and silent grave , For celd aod heartless tyranny . In sooth , it was a glorious sight , To see this mora ] , bloodless fight _. When Freedom ' s foes were put to flight , By Reason ' s hot artillery . Look , look around the battle field , See Glory ' * sons , their falchions wield , _5 ow here , a mitre—there , a shield , To decorate the scenery .

      Behold , where Mamracn ' s church still stands , Held up iy foul , polluted hands That grasp at wealth , and pray for lands _. To feast on holy sinecures . Ah ! how unlike the Roman spouse , So faithful to her solemn rows—Whose purity the world allows , And still remains immaculate . See Whizs and Tories _scatter'd round , Like autumn ' s leaves upon the ground , But not a hero can be tound To rouse them from their lethargy _. The trophies and the spoils you see , Are but the wreck of tyranny —• To make a shrine for liberty , And ornament her diadem .

      Oh ! what a glorious , happy day , When Chartists nobly bore away The laurels tbat shall not decay , Till crown'd by immortality . _Uekst _Gaiccaus , gentleman London , August 16 th , 1817 .

      Victoria's Yisit To Scotland . Ifthe Enc...

      VICTORIA'S YISIT TO _SCOTLAND . Ifthe enclosed trifle can get a wee bit room in the Star , twill oblige an old Chartist . Tbere is such a devil of a kiek-up here about our lovely _Sovereign coming to Steus !!

      OUR FIRESIDE QUEENS . Alt . — A man ' s a man for a ' that . ' ' Welcome to our mountain lakes , Welcome to our woodland brakes _. Welcome for thy people ' s _sakes— - Welcome Queen Victoria !' Malone , of Greenock . I care nae for inflated lays , Abont ye ' r Queen Fictorioj / 2 ? or ken I too puir-folk can praisa The plnnd _' rers _rei'mn' o ' er _U 3 . Ye'r Queen's praise I'd ne ' er raise , I'm nae fie rank adorer ; Though e ' er sae gui _4 for a' her blttid—Our Fireside Queens before her . Let lordliu' lackies roose her name ,

      Her princely looks and favours ; Its no fur ns to share their shame , And join their fulsome haver * . Ye ' r _Qaeen ' s praise , I'd ne ' er rai 3 _S , _ForXo & _anr _' s rank is o ' er her ; I scout her tieht , to croonly micht— . Oar Fireside Queens before her . InGou _' sname I what ' s her richt orrank That coofs should rant about it ? -Oar guid fair warld , wad bae nae blank _. Though a' ye ' r _Qa « ns were _oot _o't . Ye ' r Queen ' s praise , I ' ll ne _' r raise , Nor yet the stock that bore her ; So ' t wha may like , I scorn the _tjke- _™ Our Fireside Queens before her . Ill fa' the fans ? , _dsgradet _looiiS ,

      Wha'd prostrate mind sae lowly , As sing the _richt-divine o' croons , And bend to rule nnboly . Ye ' r Qieeu _' _s praise , 1 'il ne ' er raise _. Let slaves wba choose , adore her , I'U never act sae base a part—Our Fireside Queens before her . < 3 _od ' s malison be on them a ' , Their craft , and guile that sail us ; And let the knaves , wha'd princes blaw , Aye mind king-murdered Wallace \ A Queen ' s praise , ran slaves raise , Or for their richt implore her , Wha ' shut a pest , and bad at best !—Ottr Fireside _Queens before her . lePs mind the * wrang they ' re done to men , Toa' that ' sgane before us ,

      And curse the craven-heart wha'd plan , To hand the tyrants o'er us ! Ye'r Queen ' s praise . Ill ne ' er raise , Bat _scorning each adorer , — Herds Freedom's f reens _. ani Fireside Queens , " A thousand times before ber ! Glasgow , 1617 . Rambus .

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      Political Revelations.-The Three Victims...

      POLITICAL REVELATIONS .-THE THREE VICTIMS , by the Cams , de Willbzod . Armand : Rathbone-place , London . The work before vs Is oneof so unusual a character and so peculiar a merit , that before giving oar _revere an abstract ol its contents , as we propose to do , it may be as well to notice the object of the author and his means for attaining it . Those who have Ken accustomed to regard the course of public events cannot have forgotten the alarming conspiracy at Grenoble in May , 1816—whieh had for its _wound object the replacing of Napoleon on the wttone of France , and which , in effect , was nearly snccesfnl in disturbing the weak and newlv _estabteaed sovereignty of tbe Bourbon king . That this

      conspiracy was intended to replace Buonaparte has never been a matter of question ; indeed the whole _« air has been wrapped np in a degree of mysterious Obscurity , which is , in itself , sufficiently _cquirocal—no authentic account has ever been given to the public ; two authors only ever promised to gwe a complete hutciy of Diditrs' Conspiracy , and the premature death of the one , and the obstinate silence of the _wjier , are among the most remarkable features of _uiis curious case . Hitherto , therefore , little has been , surmised , aod nothing accurately known of one ofthe most daring conspiracies recorded in modern _history , and ofthe real views of the brave , but unprincipled and unfortunate , Paul Didier—a man _"ffhose turbulent life and tragic death rendered him

      one of the most cdebraud characters in our modern political disturbances . The object , the actors , the abettors , the results , have aU alike been wrapped in _ttystery—and this mystery is unravelled for the fi'st ? _W heCeunt & Willbrod ; _whc- _$ _tin bntjustiee to add , brings to his _importanttask the aid of a clear nead and a sound judynent , as well as some _faciiioes for arriving at truth , wbich have resulted partly from good foitune , but mainl y from dili gent and carefpl _inTc-jj _gjrtj _^ Not on _j , h e consulted eyeiy journal , and public record in which the conspiracy of _GrenobJe is referred to , but he has had access to private correspondence , secret family records and notes , and has questioned some of the survivors who were engaged in that plot , as well aa _jta . fffo quelled a ,

      Political Revelations.-The Three Victims...

      From such materials we may juetly expect a valna Me work , and few readers ean be disappointed in tl . _« _iwulMlthougb perhaps some parties may appear imp heated w the conspiracy , whom it would haw teen almost f reason to suspect of such _asgociaU _™ _» -i « Truth is great and will prevail . 'T ™* B » t sentiments of respect m _* \ ££ _g £ S contained therein , are not our _sentimaJ _* . j -V * _supeiBuous to add that the S _™ . I _? _'V the Comte do _WiUbrod , wh _' o _spSto tl _^ il mist However , if our author can reveal atari * be and arguments quite irrespective of party _consider-From such materials gp mav ; m . _HPnm „ . i . _..

      i _Jl _^ _ife E _V tbefilBt of ' tt « three victims , ' was bora n tfoS .-Educated by a pious country priest , he entertained to the last hour , of his life , those sen ! timente of respect for hereditary monarchy and reverence towards Heaven , that were the fruits of such early training , although a love of intrigue and imperious necessity sometimes led him into conduct not very consistent with either . His contemporaries will yet _remember the success which he obtained at the bar ; and when the first rumours of the revolution were heard , Didier , like

      all the generous and noble-hearted , hailed the dawn of that bright day on which , as it was said , the face of affairs would change , when abuses were to disappear , and wounds which dotage and folly had caused were to be finally and for ever healed . " Didier , with most Frenchmen , _rejoiced in tbe hope of a new order of government , until the excesses of the _lOth . of August opened the eyes of those who sought not their own aggrandisement but the realisation of their dieams of political perfection . Later , at a period when courage was rare , and sound polities were rarer still , Paul Didier was one of the few who

      courted the perilous honour of defending the king , and we are a & urred by hia son , Simon Didier , that caused a protest to be printed beneath the will of the Martyr-King . From that day , ( whether from calculation , conviction , or impulse , we cannot now say , ) Didier ' _s part was chosen . An advocate of monarchy and religion , he was at the bead ol tbat constellation of noble and gallant spirits who , amidst the horrors of the reign of terror , fought and conspired to save France from the misfortunes into which misrule had plunged her . He also took part in the heroic defence of the city of Lyons , and when it surrendered , a price was set on . his head , and he _eacaped ' nnder a feigned name , to Marseilles , where he joined a confederation , and began that fatal study of plots and counter-plots , political intrigues , correspondence and conspiracies , for which , indeed , he seems to have had a natural genius , bnt which , nevertheless , cost him' his head twenty years afterwards .

      Didier returned to Pans about five years afterwards , the interval having been passed partly in Switzeiland and Germany , partly in attendance at the wandering court of the Count de Provence . The Directory had replaced the Convention , and Didier soon found himself connected with many noble families , returned , like himself from exile , and to whom common misfbrtune , and similar opinions made him a welcome guest . It may readily be suDposed he was not backward in the plots now formed for restoring the exiled family _, lie published , in the summer of 1799 , a pamphlet entitled , ' The Hope and Prayer oi the Frenok ' —( L'Esprit et le Vceu des Fran _$ _ais )—& direct appeal in favour of the Bonrboas . This was followed , in

      1802 , by a manifesto beaded , * On the Return to Religion , ' a production remarkable only for a very flattering dedication to Napoleon . He now continued to unite himself with Mbntalivet , Foudhe , and others , wh <> were likely to receive proofs of imperial favour , and waa soon named one ofthe professors of a new college founded at Grenoble . From this time to 1814 the name of Paul Didier disappeared from the political world ; but perpetually engaged in forming intrigues , or conceiving projects which were toconfer benefits on a gigantic scale on the public , he neglected his private affairs , was involved in debt , and contracted obligations not yet discharged , even for sums of the most trifling description , borrowed from persons in the humblest ranks . We will resume our notice of this extraordinary man next week .

      The Labourer, A Monthly Ifagazint Of Pol...

      THE LABOURER , A Monthly _ifagazint of Politics , Literature . Poeiry , d'c . Edited by Feargus O'Connor , M . P _., and ' Ernest Jones , Esq . August . London : Northern Star Office , 16 , Great Windmill-street , Haymarket . Thc contents of this number ofthe Labourer will well repay perusal . A poem , by Ernest Jone 3 , Esq ., a continuation of 'The Insurrections of the Working Classes / the conclusion of 'The Confessions of a Kin * :, ' a continuation of 'The Romance of a People , ' and a second legal article on the iniquitous ' Game Laws / comprise the principal contents of this number . In another column we have given a soul-stirring extract from the' Romance of aPeople / detailing the events that immediately followed the outburst of the Polish _insurection of the 29 th November , 1830 .

      Simmond 7 s Colonial Magazine . London : _Simmonds and Ward , Foreign and Colonial Office , Bargeyard , Bueklesbury . It is with very great pleasure we notice this nsefnl magazine , which presents monthly a mass of information on many subjects of great importance to all in a commercial country like England . Dissenting , as our principles compel us to do _. from some of the views set forth by these who advocate emigration , it is but fair to say that the articles on these subjects are written , both with ability and fidelity . There is a letterfrom 'An Old Australian Colonist , ' on secondary punishment aad coavict discipline , which contains some truly valuable remarks . We would gladly quote the article , did our limits permit us to do so , but must content ourselves with the following observations on the ' New Svsfem ' of transportation : —

      At length , came the new _sjrstun of transportation , one of the features of which was to » _ead all the convicts , formerly divided between tbe great colony of New South Wales and Tan Diemeu ' s Land into'the latter colony alone . Bnt coupled with this , two ' main principles * of action were established , of which Lord Stanley thus spoke in a despatch addressed by his lordship in July , 1844 , to the _Hte Sir Eardley Wilmot—First , each convict should undergo a severe preliminary punishment , consisting in great part of a life of seclusion from society at large ; _* nd , secondly , this punishment should be progressively mitigated iu such a manner as to afford an Invigorating hope of further relief , and an animating motive to good conduct , until tbe

      convict should at length be restored to all the privileges of his _fellow-snt jects . AU this is reasonable enough ; tut 'in the practical measures whieh followed , * we see the worst features of the old system only revived with endless aggravation . The evil of mutual contamination was great indeed under the old system ; but it extended chiefly to the convicts condemned to the service of the government . An assigned man , of good disposition , had some prospect of coming through this stage of punishment an improved character , with settled habits of useful industry . Even the bad were not without a 'chance' of amendment . The assigned servant might , from the time of his landing , never once be subjected to tbe contamination of a gang .

      But the way , in whicb , under the new system , the severe preliminary pnnUhment , consisting in great part of a life of ' seclusion from society at large , ' has he jn conducted , has been to throw large bodies of criminals , numbering amongst them the most depraved and barddened , into the ' exclusive society of each other , ' The _preUmiuatj punishment at _Xurfolk Island , and the probationary process in Tan Diemen ' s Land , have constituted a collegiate course of vice , which all were constrained to go through as , so _' to speak , the preparation for graduating in virtue . The result has been that a far greater degree of' unjust inequality , ' as regards severity of punishment , has existed , than at any former time ; while , instead of a system conducive to reform , we have bad one which affords only a solution of the diabolical problem , bow criminals can he made most completely and irrecoverably criminal .

      Such is the result of the laws made ostensibly for the prevention of crime and the reformation of cri-• EUerman's Reminiscences of the Island of Cuba continue very amusingly , and 'Sierra Leone by Shrceve , presents some fearfully true pictures ofthe horrors of slavery . The _lYqpIe ' _s Journal . John Bennett , 69 , _Fleetstrret . The brat tale in the present number of thiB excellent Journal appears to us to bs ' The Bribe and the Bridal / which is said to be a true tale of an election from the charming pen of Mary Lemaa Gillie 3 . It is well worth the priee of the whole volume , and ,

      indeed would be so did it contain only ono sentence which wo would grave in letters of brass on the hearts of the people . 'I read , the other day , that the people deserved n 9 better laws than they submitted to , but when laws are once made they must be submitted — what the people have to do is to mind who they set tip to mate laws for them' Bat tbis is _aseniimsnt with which the people of England ate , gradually indeed , but surely , acquiring . They have proved it in the recent contests . They will prove it is the next , come they whenthey may . Other places , besides Nottingham , Macclesfield , Lambeth , and the Tower Hamlets , will then prove that the people will mind who is Eet up to make laws for them .

      Caldwell ' s Musical Jounuxl . ! We have sincere pleasure in recommending this _elegant and very cheap publication to the attention of our musical friends . The songs wbich the present number contains are selected , with good taste , and inore carefully arranged than is generally the case with low priced music . May all success attend the publisher who thus places _jwithin the reach of his poorer brethren the means of indulging in & har _« _BioiiisingaBdeleYa _^ _agaiauBeBea _^ ...

      The Labourer, A Monthly Ifagazint Of Pol...

      _& _" _" _SS _^ _fW-. Edite _* _^ - _^ _Hofeaki . Parti ¦ *» 46 , 1 _^ 15 . London .- Watsonr Qaeen ' g Head Pa * Mp , Paternoster Kow . Tbatthe writers in this publication are , clever men , few would be _disponed to question , but we must confess we doubt'their wisdom when we see them hotly engaged in discussing the systems of dreamers , at the same time , leaving almost wholly untouched the practical questions of the hour . We must confess our astonishment that men who assume to be the 'pink of reformers should have done nothing practical in the late electoral struggle to advanee the cause of ( real ) ' civil and religious liberty . ' The series of lectures , by Madame _d'Arusmont , lately announced with so much ' pomp and _circumm . __ . _»< _..-t ,. . « _^ , _-t

      stance , appear to have been bronght toa prematuie , and not very dignified conclusion . -Ihat lady who had undertaken to explain the whole history and mystery of « The Mission of E ngland / broke down after the delivery ofthe fourth ot ' the course . ' Indisposition was the stated cause , whieh we cannot wonder at , as we perceive that the audiences however select , were by no means numerous . To render her hearer , - ' disappointment less afflicting , Madame d'Arusmont promised to publish the entire course of lectures , delivered or intended to be delivered , in the pages of the Reasoner , described as ' all but the oly press open to the popular use , and removed from the influence of some one or other political party . ' In fulfilment ofthis announcement one ' lecture' was published in the Reasoner , but instead of a second , an intimation appeared that Madame bad withdrawn ber favours from that publication , some one having

      frightened her from continuing the connection with Mi- llolyoake , on the ground that his paper was heterodox ! Upon this Alr . liolyoake , ( see No . 57 . ) not unnatutally _, but somewhat bitterly for a philosopher , declaims against tbe moral , ( or , it you will , gentle , reader , the political , ) frailty of the once _priest-nndchurch-defying Frances Wright . We beg to comfort Mr llolyoake by the assurance that ( he Reasoner will lose nothing by the withdrawal of Madame _d'Arusmont ' _s lectures , that is , if we may take the only one fully reported as a sample ofthe stock . Its merits may be quickly described , —* words , word ?; Horatio ! ' In short , Madame d'Arusmont is but the distorted ghost of Frances Wright , and it will be well for thefameof the latter , if the former no more obtrudes herself upon the public . From almost the only reasonable article in these numbers of the Reasoner we give the following extracts :

      CHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL LAWS OF DIET . BT JACOB DIXON . Animals differ especially from vegetables in attaining , at a period of their growth , more or less variable in each species , a maximum size ,- beyond which tbey are not _aui-ctptible of increase . Vegetables , on the contrary , continue to increase in bulk as long as they retain vitality . Tbis difference on tbe part of animals is duo to the tact that aU animals waste more or less ; in youth the growth is greater tban the waste ; but in all , a period arrives when the waste becomes exactly ' equal to the growth , and at thBt time they have attained their maximum site . Animals are then said to have attained their full growth . The chemist , on examining the

      composition of this waste , finds it to consist of oxygen , hydrogf a , carbon , and nitrogen , which may be called emphatically the organic elements , together nith calcium , sodium , phosphorus , sulphur , chlorine , and other elements . Mow , as the composition of the waste of animals is known , the supply requisite for replacement in the form of food becomes a matter of no difficult calculation . Voung animals must get a supply ef these elements greater in amount thau the quantity they excrete or throw off ; aud adults must obtain a quantity at least equbl to that thrown off . Carbon , hydrogen , and oxygen are contained soabundanflj in all articles of fooa , that thflre is little fear of a failure of these elements ; but this is not the case witb the other elements enumerated .

      Succulent roots , such as potatoes , turnips , beets , and Jerusalem artichokes , require to be taken in enormous quantities to give as much nitrogen as is contained in comparatively small weights of the cereal grains , such as wheat , barley , oats , maize , or of the leguminous seeds , such as peas , and beans ; while , on the contrary , they contain a much larger proportion of lime . Peas contain a touch smaller , and wheat a much larger proportion of phosphoric acid than the succulent roots end leaves . The knowledge ottbe quantity of nitrogen is not therefore enough in discriminating all tbe other requisite elements of food . Saussurc bas indeed shown that no sulphur is contained in many of the cereal grains .

      Now the animal body is a consistent whole ; it is necessary , for the maintenance of health , that all the _pnrts should be equally nourished . It will uot do to feed the muscles alone , or tbe bones alone , or the secretive organs alone . Each part must receive a suitable and compensating supply in proportion to Us waste . In proportion as this is not done , debility , emaciation , or deatb , is the inevitable result . If nitrogen be required for the muscles and cellular tissue , phosphate of lime is equally so for th ? bones , and sulphur and sodium for the bile . The whole of the nitrogen an animal acquires , it acquires from food ; hut if that food does not also contain a sufficiency of lime , _diarrhea and weakness ofthe bones ensue . Many disorders of the system arise from deficiency of sulphur in the food , and the consequent

      non-secretiunofbile , into which production it enters . The obvious remedy f o prevent these effects is to alternate and combine different kinds of food * , to supply tbe deSciency of particular elements in one kind by tbe excess of them in another . Thus , by mixing wheat , peas , and turnips , for instance , we supply , what is deficient in the peas of phosphoric acid , by its excess in the wheat , and we make up what is absent in them of sulphur and lime by the excessive quantity ot these contained in the turnips . Thus , in flesh , in grain , and in the leguminous seeds , we have an abundant source of nitrogen ; but the succulent roots aud leaves , although of little worth for tha aitropen they contain , are of great value for yielding lime , sulphur , and phosphoric acid . According to the analysis of fle » h by _Berzeluis and Braconuot , not more

      than twenty parts in the hundred are nitrogenous , or can be considered as nutrative ; and of these nitrogenous compounds , but little more than a sixth is pure nitrogen . If we , therefore , take one hundred pounds of meat , and subtract one-third for the bones , then subtract from the remaining sixty-six four-fifths for non-nitrogenous and innutritions materials , and divide by six , we get a quotient equal to two and a fraction per cent , of nitrogen as the quantity of it contained in meat . Now the cere & I grains contain generally more than two per cent , of nitrogen , and the leguminous seeds from four to five per cent , It follows that butchers' nrat is not intrinsically more nutritious tban wheat or maize , and only half as much as peas or beans , its advantage being chiefly in its being more easily digested and assimilated . It is , betides , tbe

      finest tonic stimulant te the nervous system . From all that has been said we must conclude that in order to sus . tain healthy animal life , it is necessary to combine the several essential ingredients iu articles of food , so as to give to the animal a due proportion of the several elements necessary for his different organs and secretions ; Soups , and other diluted foods , are of value only ih proportion to the solid articles of real nutriment contained in them . Every reader must bave heard of . the experiment of starving a dog upon beef tea . The distribution of soup to the poor is quite a favourite project among the benevolent , with , more or less , the same result as that of the experiment upon tbe poor dog , Tbis is the result

      of the miserable conjunction of charity with cheapness . And now , does tbe reader ask for clear , positive , absolute rules of diet ? The reader ' s own observation , sensation , reflection , and experience will furnish the best answer , and constitute the b . at guide iu this matter . The diet tbat _weuld be healthful for him here in tbe tern _, perate _latitade and insnlar position of England , would not be healthful for bim at tbe poles any more tban it would be in the tropics . To whatever part of tho world the reader might go , he would find rules of diet net absolute , but simply relative to tbe climate and other conditions dependent upon climate , such as productions of the soil , habits ofthe natives , Ac .

      AU organisations , vegetable as well as animal , being composed but of few elements , and all being _reciprocity interconvertible , it might be it priori supposed that * H organised substances wouU form equally good food to any one other organised substance ; but it is proved a posteriori , by experience , that such is not the fact . I was once recommending a disciple of the late Mr Greaves , who had a child suffering from scrofulous disease , to let the child ' s principal food bs meat , when he said , 'but wheaten bread contains the same elements : ' to this I replied , 'Tes , and [ common air , aud tho nitrous acid gas , both consist of the same elements ; but tbe difference in the proportions ofthe elements of these compounds make 3 a differenco of life and death in tbe breathing of them . That particular form in which the elements are presented iu meat is the form of food which , in this island , is indispensably required for the prevention and cure of this particular form of disease / .

      To maintain an active individual In health and activity , in this climate , and with the constitutions inherited by us from onr progenitors , he should have o mixed food , consisting of meat , bread , and ordinary culinary vegetable _^ and with no other weig ht or measure , than the feeling of appetite , comfortable satisfaction , and cheerful refreshment ; If this feeling of comfort aud cheerfulness continues after the food has buen taken , tben the light quantity , as well as quality , has been taken . Surely tbc collective instincts and experience of millions forages are sufficient guWes for aiding us to rules of conduct in the affair of eating and drinkiBg ; surely we want no new lights , no fanciful theories of total abstinence from flesh meat , no total abstinence from fermented drink . Your _totalists , of any description , are totally absurd . Total abstinence is as ridiculous as total indulgence of any description wouldbo .

      Newton Aunoir.-A Pauper, By Namo Richard...

      Newton _Aunoir .-A pauper , by namo Richard Guadger , was lately removed from the faunton _Unieu , to tbat of Newton Abbott , and had not been long in the latter place before he threw InmseU eat of the window , and died in a few hours _^ itcr . An inquest was held on the body , and from the evidence , thejurycamoto the following verdict- lha % tne deceased destroyed himself while in a fit of temporary insanity , brought on by close confinement , and separation from hia wife . ' He waa 62 , and hia wile 12 years of age . The poor man waa a mason by trade , and for twelve months waa unable to wot * from illness , during which time he purled with every I vestige of furniture , before he submitted to go into _toebwUtet _% _ . u _^^ - _^ -. _^ j —

      — Public Imstnietor.

      — _public _imstnietor .

      The Polish Insl/Rrection Of 1830. 2»Fs T...

      THE POLISH INSl / RRECTION OF 1830 . 2 _» _fS tii 6 Smanceof iA _^ _pWawr publishing io A grand pageant closed the _h ' wt day of liberty—the procession of the council to the bank , where Prince liUDecfc thought it wonld ba more out ofthe reach of popular clamour . The line of senator * , and the wronging masses , extended dvtr a _Bface of two miles , lllT _? . nS ° " j _* account of ihe _jjreat age of the venerable _Aiemce _^ _ies , the bard of Fta ' and .- When the people saw _thevt national poet thos _advancing beneath _mtawrfUKr i _,, they rent the air with aeelama . , _» _a / " 8 ueceed since _Niemcffwiez in there !' _™ L , n ed , 5 ? now a W eMea t ( > _Prosper ; the gallant general _Sierawski joined the patriot * in _tho-even . mg , and was appointed military governor of Warsaw ; night , _CMojucki _Wnisrtf espoused tbe cause of nation _. . jj -. . «¦ - _-vmuoi . _, vi _UUlfUU .

      ; That night , when triumphant joy sat throned in W a * saw , a _sternand gloomy nian might be seen resting beneath the leafless trees and the inclement tky before the barrier ofMockotow , and with liim . one , long used to luxury , one young and fair ; it was the Grand Ihike Constantine and his consort , the Princess Lovriczka . After an interval ef anxious suspense , Colonel J 5 a . _mojski appeared before the prince , stating tbat tbe people and the army believed the Grand Duke was forcibly detaining the Polish Chasseurs who had accom . ponied bim , and urged their immediate dismissal torejointheir comrades . Constantine hesitated : he feared implicating himself with his brother , but a mighty sound came booming down the roau ; it was the _advancing populace , .: ' _.,-.. - . 'You huvebut a moment to decide in , ' said Zamoyski . ' beyond that I cannot answer for your life . ' C _nstantine wrote the order .

      Remember , ' said tbe Princess , _« hU imperial _highnesspvrmits _, but does not authorise their departure . ' While the Chasseurs were marching to meet their approaching countrymen , Constantine and the remnant of his Russians were fl ying to the frontier . Memorable was the _meeting between tho returning soldiers and their comrades in arms . Tbe former hung tbeir heads with shame , to think they should bave sided with the enemy—but one loud acclaim rent the air as the ; fell into the line of ibe procession ; and tumultuous cheers welcomed their return to liberty . That morning Warsaw was a _fejtal place . All its youth , beauty , and valour graced the streets , balconies , and windows—oid age poured its blessings on the _conqui-ring heroes . 'Che fifth of December beheld the revolution _esta .

      _blisned , by Chlopicki seizing the reins of power , and becoming irresponsible dictator ; while tbe provisional government had been self-instituted by prince Czartoryski , the Castellan Kochanowski _, ' General Pac _, Kiemcewiez , the bard , Lelewall the teacher , and the deputies _Dombrowski and Ostrowskl . A general summons to arms was addressed to the nation ; all disbanded officers and men were called into active service ; and _proclamations issued to the Palatine Councils , directing tbem to meet the Diet on the eighteenth ef December . Thus , the last decisive step was taken , from which there could bo no return . Constantine , with tbe imperial troops , was permitted to retire unmolested from Poland—a great and generous , though an impolitic act , But , in that hour , the nation was too happy to punish its enemies , and felt teo great to avenge its wrongs . Tbe fortresses of _Zamoae and Modlin capitulated , and Poland , for the time , was free .

      While Poland was doing this for Baropcan liberty , what did Europe for Poland ! True , it treated the Polish envoy with distinction . Many may yet remember a Polish nobleman who visited London shortly after the outbreak of the insurrection , and excited great attention on account of tbe tyranny of wbicb be had been made the victim . He was received with distinction by the aristocracy , and though he found it difficult to gain access to men in office , yet tbe warm manner in wbich be was welcomed by society in general , _t > nd the spirited tones assumed b y the English press in bebalf of his outraged country , seemed to hold fair promise of support from England . The cause of those exiles , implicated in the conspiracy

      of _Lukasinski , or other equally hapless attempts , and who had fled from tbe fate tbat was denounced or dreaded , was espoused with warmth ; committees were formed , subscriptions raised , and lofty names were advertised in the papers , as bestowing donatives towards the Polish fund ( although what became of the fund it . self was never exactly understood ) ; balls Were given in behalf ofthe suffering exiles ( although , most of tbe proceeds were spent in the attaugements o _5 the festival ) ; _fijurantecs _, coyphees , and premieres _danseutes danced tbe Cracovienne and tbe Mazurka at hia Majesty ' s Theatre ; from Sadler ' s Wells to Surrey , the playbills teemed with Polish names , and the audiences applauded _—tondesdfiiam & _l

      It is true the government never gave an open support , but tben tbey could not commit themselves!—tbey could not fly in tbe face of great , allied , and powerful sovereigns , who had been iu the habit of visiting St James ' s , feasting off banquets at Windsor castle , and turtle dinners at tbe _Maiwion-liousc < It is true , ministers never propounded anything distinctly - . never made any pledge or promise ; never said , tbe treatment to Poland is an outrage to humanity and an insult to en . _ligltened governments ; never said , we emancipate the black slave , and therefore the white one shall be free : we interfere in the internal policy of weak states , therefore wo will interfere in that of the strong I—nothing of the kind . But they did say , ( in secret , however , ) if we bestir ourselves for Poland , then Russia may cry ' Ireland ! ' to our teeth ; and as we Save tyrannised , and do tyrannise , and intend still further to tyrannise over the latter country , we bad best not say a word about the former _.

      Notwithstanding , they did much ; even Royalty went to see the Polish ballet ; cabinet-ministers dined at Polish dinners atthe _Mausion-house , and the fair lady of a high dignitary of the state was tbe first to introduce a Polish pelisse , from the ashes of wbich phoenix rose the present polka . What more _ceuld bo expected from a government whose fleets swept the seas from the Hoangho to the Hudson , and whose armies have laid the imperial guard ef France beneath her bayonets ? But they actually did even more than this ! A

      secretary of state told an Under-Secretary , who told a private secretary to tell a secretary of a Polish Association , to inform the Polish envoy , that if Poland really rose , and if it maintained a suitable policy , and formed a suitable government , the English people would , in that case , act towards Poland in a suitable manner ; the meaning of which was , that if Poland rose and beat tbe Russian armies , and took _theRussianfortresses , and established itself as a free and powerful kingdom—tbcu England would transfer its relations of amity from tbe fallen Russia to the triumphant Poland .

      Justice must , however , be done to the great elements of British nationality—at tbat time , but subordinatetbe press , and the people . Tbey spoko tbe language of honour and honesty , but the people have been trampled by monopoly , and the press has turned the _veaal instrument of corruption _. In the meantime the Russian ambassador made some stringent observations , and even delivered n note from his government . Accordingly , bints were dropped from certain quarters to certain editors , that it would be advisable for then ) to use more moderate language in their leading articles , lest they should complicate tbe relations of tho country , and certain inducements , too , wero offtred . Non-interference prevailed , and the relations of the country remained' uncomplicated . ' Tbis noble effort of sound and lofty statesmanship is still the glory of the party _Irotn whose ranks it emanated .

      The _Parisans , however , far eutdid us . They ran into an _cnthusla-m of valour ! The students of the Ecole Polytccbnique talked of : marching from Paris through Germany , Prussia , and Poland to Warsaw , without even asking the leave of the armies of the confederation , Vienna or Berlin ! The theatres—they were like so many bits of Poland ! The Boulevards—they were Cracow itself!—Kosciusko handkerchiefs and _Sobieski robeB , cakes , loaves , and _putes a la polonnaise , shouts , balls , processions , dances and gensd ' armes , discussions in tbc chambers , that never came to a result , and proud inscriptions over cabarets that— 'Prance decrees the liberty of Poland , ' witb omlaUun of the latter half of the sentence ; but does nothing to enforce it —spoke volumes for the chivalry of that tremendous nation !

      And then their leading men ! ( French salesmen are not more punctilious about their promises than ours ) , — they actually did promise—( not those in office , but those who expected to be)—that France would sympathise , all France would sympathise with the * Franco o £ ihe North _!'—let the Poles but rise ; tbe Gallic _eagls had been there before—it knew the road , could find Us way again ! _Jlcanwhile addresses from tbe French ; to the Polish nation were multiplied by the pres 9 , and Russia must havo trembled at these—words ami _papex-t Such is the courage—such is the honesty- —such is the manliness of buttetfly courts aud _coaating-house governments .

      The Yankee Peduiu—' See Here . Mister, D...

      The Yankee _Peduiu— ' See here . Mister , don t you want tew buy _semething in my lino tcw-ilay ? I ' ve got a new machine for picking bones out of fishes . Now , I toll you it ' s a leetle tho cleverest thing yew cvor did see . AU yew have to dew , is to set it on a table and turn a crank , and the { ten flies down your throat , and the bones right off tho other way . . Well , there was a country ' greenhorn' got hold ef it the other day , and begot turning the crank tho wrong way , and I tell you tbe way tho bones flew down that ar feller ' s throat oould ' nt ba beat : why , it . stuck that feller so full of bones , that he _oonldn i got hia shirt offfor ahull week . _' _-iVao York Globe .

      Thb Aoe op MiRAOws .-The news contained in the London morning paper * ot _Tuosday , travels to Edinburgh on the same day , and returns . to Newcastle , in tne Scotsman , by Wednesday afternoon ! - Gaicshad Observer . ' . . ' .. _, , The late King of Denmark is said to have ordered horseflesh to be served at his own table , i . n _. the hope tint his example might help to _oyprcorae the prejudice which is entertained _agahwtU as ail article of hun » _nfi )< _rt _« «* _- _! ..

      - '€Om&^. Ttt%R.R.

      - ' € om _&^ . ttt _% r . r .

      To Tbk Kditob Of Thb : Nobthebk Stib. St...

      TO TBK KDITOB Of _THB NOBTHEBK STiB . Stoney Stratford , August 11 th . - _" » _Sia ,-. I am glad to perceive that at the present moment there seems to be a disposition on tbe part of the Chartist body , temergo their little _differences in the great ind ' paramount question of democratic reform . This is as it _rhould be ; we may be seeking the Charter through different menns , but the mischief of it Is , tbat ia so doing , we ate too apt to encourage that feeling of jealousy which blinds our judgments and is destructive

      of Ihe best interests of our cause . I will , however , venture to say , tbat hot few men look otherwise tban with satisfaction and delight on the return of Mr O'Connor for _Nottingham . _AWhonour to the bravo men of that town , for having » e _«» n- example so worthy of Imitation ; Wc- most not however stop here , let us therefore at once to the work , lot us bare no more words without deeds _. We mustinstantl . r begin to mahe preparations _foranotin r , and a more vigorous _assauK on the- citadel of corruption ; I would make a suggestion , which , if acted upnn wilt reflect _lastingrcredit on the Chartist body _.

      We all remember the great petition- signed 1 by 3 , 300 , 000 persons ; suppose tbere ore only _SOO _^ OOO ' _cf that number wilt , _sttbeoribe Is . each toward . ) an Slectioir Fund , the same to be paid , ( if tbe snbscribew think fit ) by instalments 0014 . per month . This-will amount in t 3 e course of _twelvemsnths to £ 15 , 680 Jthesame _tsbe-placBdiu the hands , of the Central Election and Registration Committee . I am notmueb acquainted with tbe expenses of taking candidates to the poll ,. but Twill rake it to be on the average £ " £ 00 ; this will enable the _Clrartists tc take to the poll 130 ! advocates of thoir- rights . Now Ibis may he so easily done , that P tbink these oan be-but

      little _objection to it on tbe ground of expanse . Think of the effect the taking to the- poll but a _fewmen oi the right stamp has produced on tlio electors ; . judge then of tbe _tffect which would- be produced if 150 ofthe same wer « brought to tho oonteat . Let _this-. or a more efficient system be adopted , Stoney Stratford will , 1 know , do its part , and it may be adopted , without injuring in the slightest degree the _glorieu ? movement for the Land . Onward , Chartists , onward , inthe glorious struggle , for liberty and victory is youis . I remain , Mr Editor , in the giant cause _of-democraey , _R . 6 ; G ' _AHSKiB .

      [ We are glad to leam that Mr Gammage has ntlength began to see tlie sound policy of ' deeds not words . " For a long time past Mr Gammage and bis friends have been acting npon tho opposite ' policy , and have done , if not much , at least all they could do to thwart the progress of the men of ' deeds . ' We can rightly * appreciate the generous nature of Mr O'Connor , which- has so often prompted him to extend thc hand of fellowship to seceders and _factionists , nevertheless , wemustbe permitted to say , tbat before toe would consent to shake hands with some of the parties named in Mr O'Connor's letter in the Star of . the 7 th of August , we should wish-to Bee a course of action directly the opposite to that hitherto pursued by O ' Brien and Co ., for at least as long a time as they have been factious nnd mischievous . Then—having gone through tbat necessary probation—we would say , let bygones be bygones . In the meantime , not being quite so warm as'Mr O'Connor Is , we _bbj ' Once bit , twice shy _. _'—E » . N . S . I

      Chass Legislation And Its Effects; To Th...

      ChASS LEGISLATION AND ITS EFFECTS ; TO THE EDITOK OF THE NOBTHEBK STAB . Emu ? to Class Legislation , —Suffer , me through the medium of your Journal , to ask the public to LOOK I'PON THIS PICTOBE , _ANO OS _TUIS ! For tbn proposed rerao- . For purchasing the house val of houses ( or _inhabi- in which was born one of tante ) at _Wiudsormore out the greatest poets England of' the whiff and wind of or the world over had , viz royalty , and for otherwise Immortal Shakespeare !—. 'improving' the Windsor 000 ( or Nothing !) Estate , £ 250 , 000 !

      For erecting New Houses For erecting a new oi Par . _'iament , for class Bridge at _Wdstmiuster , aflegislators to pass class ! e- ter all but demolishing the gislation _laivs in , and vote old one , —No Thousands ! away the monej of the nothing but 000 ( or No ' - peoplefor purposes to which" tbiBg !) the people are generally opposed , Many Thousands ! For enlarging Bucking- For ' extending Primrose ham Palace , beeauBe a Hill Park , because thirty building as large as the acres—its present extent-British Museum was not is anything but sufficient to large enough for a ' single recreate a Primrose Hill couple ' with a small family , crowd on —000 ( or No . £ 50 , 008 . thing !)

      Such are the effects ef class legislation ; or rather , such are some specimens of the same . A Parliament which really represented tbe people , _u-hilst it would not neglect tojalty _. ov the state , in _an > thing which it was necessary for either royalty or the state to have , would not neglect thc house of a Shakespeare ! tbe bridge of millions ! or expect that thousands could convenient !} recieafe themselves on thirty acres ! no , it would not be a shabby government ! Government has declared itself quite willing to * take care of ' both the house of Shakespeare and the additions to Primrose Hill Park , if the people will purchase them . Of course , such ' care * would afford snug sinecures for tax-eaters - _, but if there is aught of British manliness left in British hearts , I ttust that every Bacon will resent such insult by declaring , at least , that tbo government which would not save the house of Shakespeare is notwortby of its care ! Yours , against class legislation , llBSBt DOWILL GKIEflTIia . Marylebone , August 18 , 1817 .

      The Land Company. To The Editor Of The N...

      THE LAND COMPANY . TO THE EDITOR OF THE _NOflTniKW STAB , . DeaeSib—Having watched with intense _interest'the Rise aud Progress of the co-operativo Land Company , and tbe disinterested exertions of thut friend to mankind , _Feabgos O'Connob , to whom the working classes of this country are so much indebted , that I am ouly astonished that his very excellent Land Plan has not been adopted before . Now , so positive am I of his good intentions , that I would volunteer to ueconio Ms' bondsman / if ho was in want of one , to tho amount of thousands . I havu this day taken out a _four-ucre share , merely to help one of my people on fo Ihe land . But allow me to ask . why are not meetings called , and petitions got up and

      forwarded to T . S . Duneombe , Esq . , praying that the Land Plan may be extended through tha country , and that Feargui O'Connor , Esq , MP . ba appointed her _Majesty ' s Commissioner of tbe British Co operative Lund Company , authorised ly Act of Parliament for the purpose of establishing these villages in all parts of the country , for I never saw anything so well calculated to _diminish the poor rates ? Any man of common sense can see that nature designed that all creation should live by the produce of thu soil . Thu prayers of millions will ascend to benren for long life and prosperity to all such as _Foargue O'Connor , I am , sir , your obedient sen-ant , Liverpool , Aug . 9 , 1847 . J . S . F .

      The Land Plan. To The Ed1tob Of The Nobt...

      THE LAND PLAN . TO THE ED 1 TOB OF THE NOBTHEBN STAB . . Sib , —I most heartily congratulate you upon the rapid advance of the Land Plan , I havebeen long an advocate of tbe Land question from my being more or _lcs » _counected with tbe Socialists , since 1822 , in Edinburgh , Glasgow and London , where _soveral attempts at practical _illastratioB , 1 am sorry to say , have uniformly proved abortive ; notwithstanding the thousands of pounds expended , all gone ! without securing on a solid basis , a single homo for a Bingle individual—not even a kennel to tbe poorest dog . I however _n-joice to find that many of the friends to social advancement have lalJied round the Chartist Land standard ih thonoble cause of political

      as well as social progress . For several months past I have been favoured with the Star through a friend , which I re . post to one person or other In the country . From one correspondent , in Scotland , whose letter bears date July 17 th , I cxtraet tho following paragraphs , to show how tho plan is appreciated in the remote corner of Nairn : 'I , ' says the writer , ' approve of Mr O'Connor's Land Plan . It is a much surer way to benefit the people than Mr Owen ' s . The free traders had begun to act upon it in a modified form , but thoy abandoned it as soon as they had attained their object . The tendency of legislation , however , bas been lately , nnd in the next parliament will be-,, popular . But tho law of entail will not for somo time admit of sueh a subtlivison el tbe

      highlands as would suit your viewa . Besides , the natives subsisting mostly ou charity , arc in no condition to accept of the sounding title of laird . The forty shillings franchise on which the Land Plan is founded wa 9 never trusted to tha Scotch . The Irish had lt , hut bartered it for _Emancisation . ' I havo been much gratified in reading your poetical columns—thero the genuine spirit of poesy is . doing its work ia _freedom ' s cause . Wishing you , _andall embodied in the cause of man's redemption _, the _greatest success . I am respectfully years , W . CAHEBOSf . BsunBlow , August Snd , 1 S 47 .

      Th11 Land And Labour Bank. To Feabou3 O'...

      TH 11 LAND AND LABOUR BANK . TO FEABOU 3 o ' WHNOB , ESQ , Respected Sir , —I have great pleasuro io . ' nformfng you that tho minutes of our last meeting , _authorising tbe trustees te withdraw the money of tho Manchester 4 th branch of tlio JourneymeBSteam _EugineMachineMakers ' and Millwrights' Friendly Society , from Sir Benjamin Hoy wood ' s bank , nnd the placing of the same in the Land and Labour Bank , was confirmed hy an unanimous vote nt a summoned meeting of our branoh , ou Saturday the Mth . You will also find enclosed a copy of our rules , with the names ofour trustees in the second page , signed

      by themselves , wbicb you will be so kind as keep for the purpose of comparing signatures , when the withdrawal of any of tho money may bo required , I am also requested to draw your attention to the ninth rule , which relates to our banking of money as a branch , and to request that jou will _noknwlcdge the receipt of this lottcr aud rules ; and send us the best method of transmitting the money ' ( sis _hunQredand twenty pounds ) to you with the least expenso , _& b out object is to show to sotlety at largo , the superiority of the Land and Labour Bank over the present , nnd thereby ' set nh examplo worth following b y the rest of the trade , for lfeel confident that when once set going , it will be speedily followed by other i _MucLcftoaue same trade , _Iudcud , it is already . S ° _H

      Th11 Land And Labour Bank. To Feabou3 O'...

      on in another bra ' neh * in-Manchester jiand _Tthttifcf _igir after you may h ave read this , to _yonnConference , now as ! . sembled , that some of tbem will strike while the iron If hot , and I do expect something from " Darid Morrison , although at present a _stranger to me , for Ithink that Swindon cannot lay behind with him there . I am sir _. yours _rwpeclfuily , ' ' ,. Geokob Simuei . _OrroRD , 3 , Church-street , _Rocbdale-road , Manchester _Augmstl 5 , 1847 . . ' ,: '

      A Voice From America. To Tbe Ed1tob Of T...

      A VOICE FROM AMERICA . TO TBE ED 1 TOB OF TBE NOBTHIBN STAB . Sib , —You will much oblige the members of thi * brancb , by inserting in next Saturday ' s Star , the follow * ing letter , received from one of Mr O'Connor ' s old guards , now resident in the United States , We are yours vtry . respectfully , The Members or No . I Bbascu or thb Katiosai Iasd Cobpaht . Leicester , August _lg , 1817 . . TO V . o ' CONNOB _, BfQ .

      Sib , —I have three single grains of barley in my garden . One will produce 70 heads , another 45 , ond ths other 42 . I am thinking of seuding it to you for your cottagers ; ond from this single graf » you will be able t * raise enough for all jour new freemen ' in one _year . _v E thiiik _l-could produce 150 _; bushels fromone ' acre in _ous year . If yoa think it wrif be any benefit to youia furtherance of your object , Z will thanbftilly send it , and ! a _letterwith it , to give you _aa'idea how to-plant It , as t _undersiand farming thorougSly . You may have thi * sort of baricy in England ; if you have , and do not & noW its power " of _prodocticn , I _shaKhave obtained one objieeein making it known to yoa . If _3 fr O'Connor thinks well to receive alfettor from me , 1 will give him my _opiniwv upon wheat , _harley , and oats . _P am _> Sir , yours _TeiyTespectfulIy , . . Jonathan Bunny . Norman-row , Alleghany City , July Htfi , 1 S 4 _T . -

      ¦ Wnvuiitm.

      ¦ _WnvUiitm .

      A Woman Recently Died 'In "This Towri,;'...

      A woman recently died 'in " this towri , ;' wfcos _» _weight was upwards of three hundred pounds . Her cottin measure * thirty-two inchee-in width , _was-so large that the-corpse had to be taken outotth _* house to be placed in it , neither the- doors norw ' ra _~ dows being wide enough to admit it .-tee ?/ . Mitts ; Patriot . Mr William Reed , of Carlton . Orleans county _. New York , born in _GuHnnington . Hampshire county ,, _Mnssachussetts , wa 3 the seventh child of his parents * and born the seventh day of the week , the aeventli day of June , in the year 1777 , and waa seventy year * old on the seventh day of Juno , _lSit

      Nairn Minor mentions thatalabourerlately found on the beach a large codfish , which had ; unsuccessfully attempted to swallow a grilse weighing morathan eight pounds and h ad been choliod by it » prey . A Mexican vessel ,, arrived at _Dartsraotith , has brought sundry pretty presents from her Majesty , amongst which are a monkey , a _ma-covr _,. an _au _&» eater , a lizard , and an alligator ! _Severaihundred acres of land in the neighbour * hood of Aberdeen have been so « rn with flax , as an ex » periment , with a view to introduce the culture of th * plant into Scotland , if it should thrive and . yield a _goodciop . Several flax spinners and manufocturer * have interested themselves in this trial , and'ono of them has sown a field of sixty acre 3 with flax , whichpromises an early and abundant harvest ;

      The Jews residing at Constance aro to be admitted to all tlie rights of citizenship . The fares on the Eastern Counties Railway were raised last week nearly 25 per cent . _ All paragraphs in newspapers referring to advertisements are now subject to the usual advertising duty . A few days since , tlie excavators employed on tha Monmouth and Hereford Railway , near Caerleon , found a stone coffin containing a skeleton and a small glass bottle , which seems to have been made at a > very remote period . Mr Henry Ra _' ph , a yeoman of Bayher , near _Sturminster , whilst _swimniiug in the stream near his form , on Sunday morning week , wa 3 drowned by tha extra care of his own dog , which kef t leaping _upou him in the water , until he sank to rise no more ..

      The editor of an American paper , the Charlestoa Evening News , ' says that he has in his possession a gold ring , which was found in a _Jarse black fish , while it was being prepared for the table . Upon it are cut two doves , in thc act of ' _billing and cooing / and also the words , ' For ever constant . ' A schoolmaster in Ohio advertises that he will keep a Sunday school twice a week—Tuesdays and Saturdays . A Copenhagen newspaper , called the _Iijoebenhavns Posten _, was seized on the 5 th inst , because it contained some observations on the recent trial before the Chamber of Peers of France , which were thought _calculated to give offence to tho French government and people . A portion of one ofthe streets in Fayette ville _. North Carolina , ia paved with resin ; and a correspondent ofthe Boston _Postsays , that he has ridden a , horse and driven a carriage over Ibis novel pavement , which makes an excellent road .

      The Russians aresaid to have discovered coalmines in the _Caucams , near a village called Oulongour , and it is expected that this discovery will facilitate their conquest of the country , as they have _iiitherto <& _uffered a great want of fuel for their steamers on the Circassian coast . . . In same districts ofServia . it is customary _. upon thodeatii of one of two brothers whose birthdays fail'ia the same month , to fasten tho survivw to the dead body , until be adopts , in his deceased brother ' s stead , a stranger , by whom he is released . During a thunder storm which visisted Norwich on Monday week , a tanner , who was employed in adjusting the sails of a bark mill , at Ileigham , near that city , was struck by the _lightning aud remained insensible for several hours , but ultimately recovered .

      A boy three years old ,, who is being exhibited ia London , has the upper part of his person entirely covered with flexible hair , two inches in length , and shaded as the most beautiful colours of the rainbow ; while _^ he lowe r part of his body ha 3 thc appearance of variegated spots , and the toes are grown together on each foot . Much interest waa lately excited in the United States , by an i . nnoim _< ement that plates of mica * covered witb hieroglyphics ofdiffeient colours , had been found in one of the ancient Indian mounds which had been excavated ; but upon further investigation , it was discovered that the supposed hieroglyphics were only natural discolorationsofthe mica .

      The Gaxette Musicale of P . ari 3 says , that an American theatre , the first which has ever been established , has been opened at Constantinople _^ The plays performed are Mated to be pantomimes , of which the subjects aro taken from the histories of Napoleon , Alexander the Great , the king 3 of Armenia , Noah , Abraham , Jacob , and the patriarchs . A Carlislepaper mentions that an apple-tree in full bloom is now growing isa garden at Little _Brovgb-A meeting of the architects of Germany will ba held at Mcntz , from tbe 2 Ctb to the 29 th instant . The ' John O'Groat Journal' says that- a crdhsn weighing sixty-tkreo pounds wa 3 lately caught off Wick .

      Tom Thumb is said to be building a splendid mansion in Connecticut , with thc view of retiring from public life . A proposal has been made to establish a general museum of _scripture in London , oa the model of tbat in Paris . The assistant turnkey of the Carmarthenshire ' gaol has been committed for trial , on a cliargeoi'having aided a prisoner named Evans , who was accused of horse stealing , _ts-tnake his escape from that prison . A meeting has been held in New York , to consider the propriety of adopting some measures , to honour the memory of Stephene Daye , the first printer ia the United States . A short timo since , a seaman , while bathing , was devoured' by a _# bark in tho harbour of Corfu , where a fi 9 h of that kind had never before been .

      _spgn . * The harvest of wheat , barley , and oats , in the north of Spain , has beea very abundant , but the crops of maize aresaid ta bave suffered severely from blight . Some peas which had been found in an ancient Egyptian tomb , have been sown , and are said to have yielded a very large increase . The second steam-ship of the American line to Southampton and Bremen , the Lafayette , was to have been launched on Tuesday last _. The Saxon g ( . _y * rntnent has recalled the _prohibit tion to distil spirits from corn and potatoes , which _, had been _temporarily established during the . Iato dearth . _Diirii' < r tho last year , there were issued in tho United Kingdom , 3 , 515 , l )» 7 po _^ _t-oflice money orders , the amount of whioh cainoto £ 7 , 07105 G .

      , The _Gersnan papers mention that a dreadful fire broke out on tbc Srd inst ., at Oborvicchtacb , in tho Upper Palatinate , and destroyed fifty of the principal houses ; but happily no livrs were lost . A cargo of roofing tiles , the first ever imported 1 into England , _avrived in London , fiom Antwerp , during the last week ; anda new trade seems likely to arise , as several other cargoes are said to have been ' A & ch surgeon states ihat , by fitting . bedsteads with glass-feet , _anfl isolating them about eighteen inches from thc wall of the apartment , he has cured tho patients sleeping on them oi a hostel nervous affections ut

      . _ ... _-,,,. -. r -... The Pom has _prca-nted a gold medal to Mr Waghorn , ns a mirk of approval of . his efforts to promota vteniational int ercourse . It is said that this is tho first medal which has ever been conferred uponapro . _^ _SSbeS _visUors at Whitby has grtally increased during the present watering season , and a contract has been made forthe ercotion _ofalargu _Iwtel _, ana tm _Wrty t < j forty lodging bouses . ;

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 21, 1847, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_21081847/page/3/