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      M Mabch 21, 1646. The Northern Star. 7

      M Mabch 21 , 1646 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 7

      Ti The Polish Insurrection Pi F Roclamat...

      TI THE POLISH _INSURRECTION PI f ROCLAMATIONOF THE PRUSSIAN GOVERNMENT . Bat Bemjk , Mabch 8 . —His Majesty has issued the _nUownlowing proclamation : — " The revolt _whicu has iro _^ faaofcen out in the territory of Cracow , audtne _neigheouThouThood , and its connection with the revolutionary tociefecieties _discovered in the Grand Duchy ol" Posen , Jhe iihe intended attack on Hargard , and the attempt to llalivlaliver _thestateprisonersatPosen , _provcsnffictently Ihe she sim and intention of the revolt , which was _originateaated by foreign emissaries ; and as the life aud pro » ertyerty of our faithful subjects are thus exposed te . the Sreajreatest danger , we have been obliged , to our great ¦ BB grregret , to take extraordinary measures , and we or-Bainlain the following , after having consulted our Minister » f Stf State—as regards Western Prussia and the Graud IDucDacbv of Posen .

      L L Whoever shall be arrested during an attack by armtrmed force or resisting to the armed authorities ; mhowhosoever shaUhe taken in theflagrant actof exciting mur our subjects to revolt , or distributing arms to that _teffeefiecf-, shall be taken before a council of war chosen _aftcleftcb time by the commauder-in-chief , and under the _ausauspices of an officer of the state , three captains , _Jthnthree lieutenants , three _non-cemniisaioned officers , _suidaud a reporter , and shall undergo sentence of death , andandhe shot . The execution to follow immediately _lafbafterit has been sanctioned by the comraander-in _ichi chief .

      2 2 . The commander-in-chief has the power of _de-JlayJaying the execution , and to refer it to our ulterior idecdecision . We have , however , enough confidence in _wuour subjects of German and Polish extraction , to be _icorconvineed that they will not only remain faithful , : as as the greater part have lately proved themselves to Jbe , be , but that tbey will co-operate in preserving _traniqniqnillity and order , and in suppressing all disturbers of ofthe peace . Frederick _Wuxuh . A letter from Posen , of the 5 th inst ., states that ababont twenij additional arrests hadbeen just effected th there ; amongst them were some ecclesiastics . The C : Catholic Gymnasium and Ecclesiastical School have ta been closed !

      M MANIFESTO OF THE POLISH PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT . The Cologne GazelU publishes tbe following order of of the day of the revolutionary government , but gi gives neither date nor signature ; it is , however , pi probable _tiat it was issued by the patriotic _gOYCrnm ment before evacuating Cracow : — Poles , —after the mott odious calumnies against the a most peaceable inhabitants of Cracow and it * territory , in < x order to justify the projected attack of the Austrian t > _troep ? , an attack of this kind was made on ths 13 th ofthe S present month , and by violence a general discontent was e exalted . Thereupon a serious conflict took place with t the enemj , and several of our valiant _b-rother * sacrificed t themselves for the national cauie . They fell heroically

      1 like tree sons of their country , and hare thus set an ex i 3 mp _! e worthy of imitation . Hardly had tbe enemy _susi _tained a small loss , when a general terror took possession < of them , for God evidently _ranges himself on the side of 1 the innocent . These audacious men had announced tLat I ihqr wee here for oar protection , bnt they were the . first i tO fly like COWardS with tht ? authorities and the militia , so I that the town was exposed to the greatest dangers . ' Thanks be to Providence , which watches over us , there ' has been no disorder , which is unprecedented in tiie history of nations , and is the finest episode in the history of Poland . Poles , the decisive moment has arrived . Unite , forget all hatred and all _thefatal discord which has rendered Tain the many efforts that yon have hitherto made to emancipate youxtelve _* . Think ofthe § ad

      _conseouences that result from the destruction of national independence , and I am firmly convinced that yoa will be like an invincible Macedonian phalanx , and that the national spirit , so well known to everybody , will again be manifested . The Romans had only 3000 square miles of territory , and yet they became masters of the world . Why then should not the Polish nation recover its independence , if it energetically _desires it ! Poles , do not fear yonr enemies . Follow tbe steps of Leonidas at the head ofa few Spartans . Bnt why should I cite tbe example of ancient nations ? What nation has ever had so many heroes and martyrs as we have had in the sacred eause of our regeneration * AS . slaves will rise when they bear of your rising , and the whole of Europe , which evidently desires to cast off the yoke of its tyrants , will

      applaud your devotedness , and assist you . Do not , therefore , despair . Place all yonr trust in God , whs will sustain ns in our just came . Citizens and inhabitants of Cracow , the shades of your ancestors , who gave so many proofs of indomitable courage , will place themselves by your side , and innameyonr hearts , convinced that they nave sot to blush for their sons , who are able to drive out tiie spoilers who have sot feared to lay a profane band upon their sacred ashes in their tombs . Place voluntary _oierings on the altar of your country , and yon will gather the richest fruits of yonr efforts . Posterity will admire our exploits , and crown them with gratitude . In the opposite case your children will for ever curie your apatby and yourselves when you are in the grave . Prom tbis moment let our motto be—God !

      Alth o u gh no signature is given to the above , it was probably issued by the dictator , LissawskL Free _Towss , _JLuibubgb , Mabch 5 . —It is said that a whole cargo of English _muskets entered the Elbe lately , but that they were seized and sent back to England , as it was _discovered they were intended for the Poles . Universal consternation pervades Poland , as , owing to the number of persons implicate d , there is scarcely a family of which some member is not compromised .

      Re-occcpatios or Cbacow by . the Austrians . — The following is the Austrian general ' s account , as extracted from the Augsburqh Gazette : — _Yiekxa , Maech . 6 . —A report of General Collin , of the _itii of March , gives the following particulars —* " The insurgents left in the night of uie 2 nd or 3 rd of Starch , having withdrawn their ports on the _Vistula . A deputation , led by the Senator ivopf , armed and announced that a provisional committee bad been established . Genera ! Collin replied that the members of the ancient senate , who remained at Cracow , were to form again , having M . Kopt fortheir president . The general gave immediate orders to reconstrnct the bridge over the Vistula , _andbifbre the bridge was completed two Russian staff officers

      arrived , announcing the approach of the Russian forces . The bridge being passable , the general immediately entered the city , w ith f our com p anie s o f infantry , the militia , and two squadrons of light cavalry , who were greeted with acclamations by the inhabitants . [ Fudge !] The Russians , "who were the first to enter , had taken possession of the castle and the principal post . Tbe general left troops at both places . Numerous _Pvusaian troops were expected finder tire orders of the Generals Panukin and Tyrnstoff . General Collin bad an interview with General Rudiger , commander-in-chief of the Russian troops , and it was agreed that Cracow should be surrounded by _Russian and Austrian troops , and that the

      garrison was to be alternately Russian and Austrian . On the 4 th , General Collin was joined by two squadrons of bght cavalry with two pieces of artillery ; and to replace tha militia who act as police , he ordered up ihe 1 st battalion of the Landwehr Flahenegg . General Collin left at Podgorze one battalion of infantry , some cavalry , and artillery . There are also some troops at _lYadowice . When the Prussian troops arrive , some change will take place in the arrangements . The insurgents , to the number of 800 , laid down their arms . Count Wrbna , geiieraJ-inchief _, has arrived at Cracow , and has had an interview with General ftudiger as to the measures to be taken . "

      The Austrian say 3 "the insurgents , to the number OtSOQ , laid down their arms ; " but the reader will observe that he had alreadv add at the commencement of his report , that "Vie insurgents left in tlie night of the 2 nd or 3 rd of March , " before the entry Of the Austrians and Russians . It is probable that some ef the patriots submitted , but it is certain that the great body made good their retreat from the city . Silesia . —On the morning of the oth inst ., 030 insurgents arrived here _uuuer an escort of infantry and cavalry . They laid down their arms as soon as the hussars and dragoons threatened to charge . They consist of the flower of the Polish youth . Some of the prisoners are in excellent spirits , but a great number weep for their country as a child for a lather or a mother . On the road to _Xicolai , the chief of the _insurgents met his mother and his sisters , * a nd w a rm tear s were , shed by all . There are three ecclesiastics among the prisoners . The fate ofthe Polish prisoners is uncertain .

      Bebus , Mabch 8 m—The three protective powers will occupy the Polish { _iroviuce _* until the insurrection has entirely subsided . They intend to act with the greatest mildness against those individuals who have been misled , but will proceed with greater severity against the leaders .

      THE CAPTURE OF LEMBERG . The Rldne and Moselle Gazette publishes private fetters from Gallicia , stating that part of the garrison having quitt ed Lemberg , a large body of Polish _iuaurgeuts had captured the place , after a most determined and sanguinary resistance on the part of the Austrian troops which remained there . 120 Austrians were said to have been killed . The Governor-General , Ferdinand _d'Este , bad taken refuge in oue of the convents , together with the rest of

      his troops , aud barricaded the place . Theinsurgents , however , did not deem it advisable to attack it , and bad contented themselves with taking from th _« arsenal 00 , 000 muskets , beside some camion aud mountain guns , and spiking such as they were unable to take with them . They had also seeured considerable quantities of ammunition and stores , as well as public money . They had then quitted Lemberg ( which is open to attack on all sides ) , and gone to spread revolt in other parts of Gallicia . _INSURRECTION IN _KUSSIAN POLAND .

      The _RaoJ > urgk _Correspondent contains very important intelligence relative to the insurrection reported to have broken out in Russian Poland . Should the accounts detailed by that journal be confirmed , it would appear that the seat of the insurrection had merely been removed to the point where oppression Las , up to the present period , been the most violent . The _CWoone Gazette of the 12 th of March contains the following inanilesto of the insurgents of Russian Poland : —

      Ti The Polish Insurrection Pi F Roclamat...

      3 U « irciio or Poland , hqhtimg fob bcx _libbeti , to

      THE _OSBMAW NATION . The Provisional Government of the kingdom of Poland , fighting for liberty _. Free and noble German Nation 1 The insurrection of our brothers in the Grand Duchy of Posen has been followed by loss of life to all . Our brothers cannot at the present moment explain , or give reasons for this _struggle . We will do it for them , so that they may be understood , and calumny be spared . Inferior in force to meet the vicissitudes of a war , we cannot address _eurjelret to a government , but we canto a people ; for every noble heart , and « very ear of liberal-minded Germany , is open to hear and understand us .

      Our brothers of Posen , by attacking the government and the army , intended to join us arms in hand , to aid ns in the struggle against our barbarous oppressor . Thus the motive ol attack was neither hate towards you , nor a false self-esteem . Should God bless our endeavours , our govsroment and yours will be friends . We swear to you from the present moment friendship and concord . Between free and generous nations , iriendship and concord must exist . _Neither you nor we can forget the reception our brothers met with in Germany after the bloody struggle of 1831 . God haa engraven the act in the hearts of

      all honest men . We are convinced that when our brothers hear of our struggle and come to our assistance , you wiU not refuse your aid , for could you allow the arms of a former guest to be cbained in your own country ! Genorous Germans ! you understand our struggle , for you yourselves have sustained a similar one . You left the great battle of 1 S 13 and 181 * as conquerors . We , on the contrary , fell . Perhaps the Almighty will give his bless ing to our present enterprise , for tbe g lory and the liberty of the whole human race , by creating ns a free and independent nation . ( Si'ned ) Wogiebski , _Kashowski .

      Given , near Kielce , this 32 nd Feb ., 1 S 46 . The Universal _^ German Gazette mentions that a proclamation had been issued at Lemberg on the 26 th nit ., offering a reward of 1000 florins to any person who should deliver up Edouard Dembouski , or Prokowski , and Theophili Wiiurowski , charged with having excited the people to revolt .

      THE REVOLT OF THE PEASANTS . " Austria is evidently in a dilemma , " writes a correspondent of theNurnberg Zcilung ; " she has not only to occupy Gallicia , but to put a stop to . the excesses committed by tbe peasants . " Every day , in truth , we read of castles pillaged and burnt , and the inmates murdered . "Theother day , " sa y s tbe A u gs b urg h Gazette of the 11 th of March , "at Cautski , in western Gallicia , a castle was taken by assault by the peasants , wk <> murdered eleven persons , among whom was the owmtr , Brae s ki , aud the pastor of Wadowice . The solution of this problem seems more difficult evenday . The Courier of Warsaw of the 9 th of March contains the following proclamation to the inhabitants of the Republic , by the generals commanding the Austrian and Russian forces : —

      Detachments of Russian and Austrian troops have taken possession of the free city of Cracow and the territory belonging to it . The . object is , in conjunction with a division of Prussian troops , torestorepnulic order , and to expel irom the territory any disturbers of the peace who may be concealed there . The protective powers will then consider oh the necessary measures to be taken to assure , in a permanent manner , the welfare of Cracow ; but meanwhile the powers are preparing to make known , through their representatives , tbe commanders of the respective troops which occupy Cracow , and who are thereon the sole intention of maintaining order , that they have adopted the following measures : — " 1 . The _freo city of Cracow is declared in a state of siege , and no person will be suffered to leave town without

      permission . "' 2 . The persons and houses of all peaceful inhabitants will be respected . ' " " 3 . AU the proprietors of houses are called upon , under the penalty imposable by military law , to denounce immediately to the military authorities all those persons who took part in tbe late troubles . " 4 . All those who , not being leaders _. had th » weakness to be misled , are to present themselves immediately before the authorities to make their submission , as a proof of their repentance , otherwise tbey will invoke clemency in vain . " 5 . All persons concealing arms , or not giving up such to the authorities , will be subject to martial law . " 6 . The president and members of the free city of _CrSCOW , who fled irom the revolt and have retained , are to form , provisionally , the administration of the interior . The Senator Kopf is to be at the bead ofthe administration until the return of President Scbindler .

      " 7 . Each division has named a commander and adjutant , who are to act onjointly . - ' S . A military committee of inquiry is to be appointed to pass sentence on the persons arrested . _Tbuse who are deemed innocent will be set at liberty immediately . The guilty will undergo the sentence ofthe law . ( Signed ) _"Gesebai _Pasidtij _* . " Majob-Gbhmal Colhs . " The Courier of Warsaw s tate s , that a band of insurgents had taken the direction of l irzesc h o w ize in Prussian Siberia . A detachment of Cossacks arrested them . The Cologne Gazette adds the following details : —

      Bsbus , . Mabch G . —Cossacks and Circassians are scouring the country . They approached the town , but their approach was not relished at all . Ou the uightof the 5 th the Poles , to the number of one hundred , were massacred by these roving hordes . In Prussia , the only measures taken as yet consists in the closing ofthe Gymnasium of "Marie , at Posen in or de rs g iven to the proprietors and fanners not to leave their domiciles ; and in the installation of a committee to pass sentence on those insurgents taken arms iu hand . The conclusions come to by the committee are to be sent to Kammergericht ( criminal court ) , at Berlin , who will pronounce sentence at the end of three weeks . It is said Posen is to be declared in a state of siege . Paris , Fmbat .

      In the Chamber of Deputies , the Marquis de Larochejacquelin said , that for the last fourteen years the two Chambers had expressed their wishes , had manifested their formal intention , to maintain Polish _nationality . He would ask whether those wishes were to be nothing more than an annual epitaph written on the tomb of the Polish nation % Had the government been able to do what had been desired ? He thought not ; and felt convinced that the _vrisbesso often renewed by the two tribunes had been useless . ( Murmurs . ) H « considered there was some instruction to be gained from what was passing in Poland . Could it be believed that in a monarchical zovernment orders had been riven by which a price

      ! of 25 f . had been offered for the head of every noble , ' priest , or landowner that might be brought in ? He must protest agaiust such horrors , an d would n o w ask the government what it had done towards the accomplishment ofthe wishes , fourteen times repeated by the Chambers ? Whatcouiditdo to fulfil them , now that the remnant of the Polish nation was suffering under a long and painful agony ? "What measures would it adopt ? Wouid it guarantee tbat the independence of Craeow should be respected and maintained ? Would it guarantee that ihe action ol " political vengeance should not be substituted for that of regular justice ? In a word , what had the government done , what would it do . and what could it do ?

      The Minister of Foreign Affairs said , that amongst the questions that had been put to him by the hon . deputy , tbat on which he most particularly insisted related to the policy and acts of a foreign government , and not to those of the French government . For that reason he should confine himself to the line of conduct be had always adopted in that tribuneto speak of what be knew . ( Hear . ) If the acts which had been reported were true , he would not hesitate to designate them as deplorable and guilty . To provoke a social overthrow as a defence against a political danger would be a criminal act . Revolutionists were sometimes guilty of such acts , but rei gular governments never . ( Approbation from the Centres . ) From the information which had ,

      bowever , reached him , he had seen nothing to conhrm the facts of which he spoke , and , far from admitting them to be true on the faith ofthe journals and correspondence which had been quoted , he should be more inclined to deny them . In order to exp lain tbe part wliich the peasants of the Grand Duchy of Posen and of Gallicia had just been playing , there was no necessity to bring forward guilty suppositions and hypotheses of prices beiug placed on the heads of certain parties , which the hon . deputy had alluded to . Since the Grand Huchy of Po .: eu and Gallicia had been uuited , the one to Prussia , aud the other to Austria , both those governments have used their utmost exertions to ameliorate the condition of the peasants . In the Grand Duchy of Posen as iu all

      the proriuces of the monarchy , the Prussian government had constantly endeavoured to improve the condition ol those people , and they had a right to hold land ; they had obtained special jurisdictions instead of tliose under which they bud been formerly placed . When , therefore , an attempt was made to excite them to join in the revolt , th ey h a d r e fused , because their situation was now better than it had ever hitherto been . The same had taken p l a ce in Gallicia , wh e re , since the laws of Maria Theresa aud Joseph 11 ., the condition of the peasants had been much _amelioratad . That was the true reason which had influenced ihe conduct of the peasants of Gallicia . There was not the slightest necessity to bring forward these odious suppositions of the setting a price

      on the heads of the nobles and the clergy ; they had stronger motives for their conduct , in the improved condition in which they had been piaced . At the very moment when these events were threatening , before the results of the insurrection were known , the Austrian _"OTei-nment foresaw all that happened , and it had expressed its icars that a revolution among the peasants would break out simultaneously with another insurrection , and it feared that fresh difficulties and fresh causes of embarrassment might arrive . That was what was foreseen by Prince Metternich , who communicated it to tbe French government . The Chamber might form its opinion « m these assertions . He was not charged to defend horn tbat tribune such or such a foreign government , but he considered _hitnscli called upon to dissiyitta _feuseideas

      Ti The Polish Insurrection Pi F Roclamat...

      aud erroneous opinions .: He might refrain from enterin g into any further explanation on the subject , but he would not quit the tribune without explaining the ideas of the government , ( Hear . ) It was not without a deep feeling of grief and without a serious conviction that his friends and himself had , in 183 1 , adopted and supported , with regard to Poland , the lineof policy which had beenfollowed . The Chamber would permit him to remind it of tho motives of their conduct and their polwy—the non-intervention of France in the affairs ol 1 oland . The _interest of France called for this policy . They thought , that after the revolution of July , France should esta bli s h h e r own g overnment , and cover with her buckler not only her own independence , hut th a t

      of those countries which were closely connected with her—Belgium , Switzerlan d , and Piedmont . The national interest of France imposed this policy on them . Another motive influenced them—the right of nations . France accepted the state of Europe ; and it was a matter of faith to maintain good relations between its governments . Such were the motives which , in 1831 , determined the line of policy to be adopted by France , and the y had been to o often discussed from that tribune to make it necessary for him to allude further to them on the present occasion ; and now , when after sixteen years they were reaping the fruits of their policy—prosperity and security at home , and consideration and security abroad—he did not consider it was a

      moment to abandon it on motives less grave and imperious than those which led to its adoption in 1831 . This policy imposed on them two duties towards the unfortunate Poles ; the first was not to hold out to them any illusory or false hopes , and the second , to render them every relief compatible with the interests of France and with the law of nations . Such had always been their line of conduct , and such it would continue to be ; and whilst they remained faithful to this line of duty , they had a right to hope that men wh o p l a ced themselves un de r th e p rot ec ti o n of France would not forget the duty imposed on

      them , not compromise the hospitality they received . "What would be the feelings of the Chamber were it to learn that _Abd-el-Kader was receiving assistance from a f ore ign Power ? "Was there any one in that assembly but would feel that the interests of France would be thwarted by such a proceeding ? He begged the Chamber to . lose sight of these facts , aud of Ihe position in which they placed the government . lie was anxious that those who claimed and obtained the hospitality of France should find so good a rule fortheir conduct . France wished to be a p lace of ref ug e f o r misfortune , but n o t a r e sort for c o n s pirators . ( Approbation from the Centres . )

      REPORTED INSURRECTION IN HUNGARY AND LITHUANIA . The _ifationaf sayB , " We to-day learn from a source worthy of credit , that the news respecting the Polish insurrection is more favourable . One of the divisions which advanced into the Carpathian mountains has formed c o mmuni c ations with Hun g ary , and two important districts of that country have flown to arms . The insurrection continues to spread in Lithuania , and so well aware is the Austrian government of the fact , that the greatest precautions have been taken to prevent the real state of things being known . All letters are opened , and sueh as make the slightest allusion to the insurrection are retained . These facts have been related to us by a traveller who has

      traversed a part of the country which has revolted , and he states that it was with the greatest difficulty that he was enabled to proceed . Notwithstanding the reserve imposed upon the journals , what they publish goes to confirm that which we have always said relative to the plans of the insurgents , and to the progress of the movement . " " Our government , " says tbe Siecle , " Ought now to be satisfied ; Cracow is once more in the power of the Austrians and Russians ; order reigns at Cracow ! According to the intelligence conveyed by the Prussian and German j ourn als , it would appear that the insurrectional army had abandoned the province of Craeow to repair to those of Russian Poland and to Gallicia . In order to reduce as much asl possible the

      importance of th e r e voluti o n a ry movem e nt , those journals set down the united forces of the insurgents at 5 , 001 ) men . They state that one-half that number had crossed tbe "Vistula to enter into a hopeless struggle with Austria , and that the other half had remained at Cracow , which upon the approach of the combined forces had divided itself into several detachments , some of which had thrown away their arms and returned to their homes , whilst others had crossed over to the Prussian territory . Does it follow , because Cracow has been evacuated by the insurgents , tbat we ought te abandon all hope of the success of their undertaking ? If the events of Cracow tend to induce a belief that their attempts had entirely

      miscarried , other events , likewise mentioued by the German papers ( so sparing of news favourable to the Polish cause ) , would lead us to form a very diiferent opinion , viz ., that the glorious struggle of the Poles was far from being terminated . The _Atwm ' _tm Oiserver , for instance , mentions a report that the insurgents bad penetrated into Hungary , and a d d s , ' Things cannot now be worse ; ' and when we find the partisans of Austria expressing themselves in such unequivocal language , surely we ought sot to be disheartened . In presence of the facts contained in the German papers , and confirmed by correspondences even more favourable to the cause of Polish independence , we once more repeat we have no reason to despair . " Paris , _Saturdai .

      The names of thirteen deputies , in addition to those already announced as subscribers to the Polish fund , are given in the journals . Baron de Rothschild has undertaken to receive the money and remit it when required , according to the orders of the _committi-e . Paris , Sunday . The Nationaisays— " "We have today received the most energetic protestations against the speech pronounced by M . Guizot . How very lenient would he not find us were we to venture to publish the expressions of indignation , contempt , and of anger , tbe impassioned and eloquent imprecations which he has inspired I He would then be able to say whether a man could brave with impunity the universal sentiment of his country . Let him affect what boldness

      and sangfroid he may , he will find a first and terrible chastisement in this concert of maledictions . What is ttill better is that the friends to the Polish cause have considerably augmented since the discussion in the Chamber . To give some idea of the movement caused by this immense sympathy , we have onlj to state , that within the last eight days we have received upwards of COO letters ia reference to the Polish insurrection , to the sitting of the Chamber , to the subscription , or to the speech of M . Guizot ; and what is most remarkable is the unanimity ot sentiment contained in those letters . Continue , then , citizens of all classes , to cherish and lose nothing of those noble instincts _^ Think of the insur-« en * P 9 les , whose cause is so just , so holy ! Think ofthe honour of your country . "

      The word _rej _^ u ' re made use of by M . Guizot in his speech on Friday , in reply to the questions proposed by Messrs . Odillon Barrot and de _Larochejaquelin relative to the Polish insurrection , appears to have peculiarly excited the indignation ofthe Liberal portion ofthe Paris press . In addition to a censorious article in its number of Saturday , the Constitulionnel of Sunday says—Jf . Guizot has expressed aa opinion that " the Polish relugees ought not to be suffered to convert France into a repaire _fdwi _^ for the nurture of revolutions and conspiracies . " That word repaire has excited a sentiment of universal approbation among the members ofthe Chamber of Deputies , lt is a word seldom or nerer employed , except in reference to the retreat of thieves and assassins . _Pjims , Mosdat .

      The opposition journals of Paris , and most of the provincial papers , continue to keep up the agitation on the Polish question . Subscriptions arc being raised everywhere , and more particularly among 3 t the lower classes , and they amount to-day to £ 1 , 250 . It is now very difficult to obtain information deserving credit on _^ tiie progress or " repression of the insurrection ; but it is quite certain that every day supplies of . money are sent from Paris , and that preparations are still making at the present moment for sending arms to the insurgents . Many Polish gentlemen have left , and are daily leaving , the French Metropolis . The pup ils of the Military School of * St . Cyr had subscribed 1 , 800 francs in favour ofthe _Toles . Those of the Veterinary Sehool of Alfort , and of the Colleges of St . Louis , Charlemagne , Louis lc Grand , Bourbon , St . Barbe , Rollin , Orle a ns , die , have likewise subscribed .

      The National p ubli s he s a variet y of extracts from t h e G e rm an j ournals rel a tive to t h e in s urre ct i o n , all of which would lead to the belief that the insurrection , e v e n if for th e p r es ent su p pressed , was far from beiug definitel y subdued , and that serious events were upon the eve of taking place . In the Chamber of Deputies no business of importance was transacted . On the reading of the proces veii'al of the _preceding sitting , some angry words were exchanged between members , in consequence of certain expressions that fell from M . Guizot having

      been altered in the report . M . Guizot had said on the previous day , when answ e r i n g M . de la Rochej _acquelin ' s q uestions , th a t "it could not be expected that France would be the haunt { repaire ) of all insurrectionists , " and these words were afterwards replaced by the following : —'' Thus France could not be the focus of all revolutions and insurrections . " The alteration was evidently made in deference to the feelings of the house towards the Polish insurgents ; and this being acknowledged , the conversation was dropped .

      MOVEMENT IN BELGIUM . The Nationa l states that a committee has been appointed at Brussels to collect subscriptions , and is composed of the following persons : —M . Joltrand , formerly member of tbe Constituent Congress * , M . Ducepetiaux , Inspector-General of prisons and oi charitable establishments ; M . Lehardy dc Beaulicu , advocate ; M . _Fiiiik , advocate ; M . Felix Dclhasse , director of the debat-social ; M . Adolphe Battels , formerly exiled from Belgium .

      Ifbr Tha R&Minder Of The. Polish Insurre...

      Ifbr tha r & minder of the . Polish Insurrection , see vur ' first i ' _aye . l J

      Ftnperfel Fcliairat

      ftnperfel _fcliairat

      House Of Lo Rds-Momttt, Maucii 16. Jtine...

      HOUSE OF LO RDS-MoMttT , Maucii 16 . _JtinetsiS 8 " ° ' _^ tranSa ° 80 me HOUSE OF _COMMONS-Monpat , March 10 .

      „ „ __ ENLISTMENT . Mr . 1 . DUNcoMnE wished to ask a question of much importance to thedisciplineand well-being of * i i _* an " v n ST - Within tne _-ast month a soldier ot the Sth regiment had been brought to a court-martial for some offtnec , * it was stated on the trial , that strictly speaking he was not a soldier at all , as he had not been duly enlisted . On inquiry it was _^ found tbat the objection was founded on the En l istment A c t , which provided that when a man enlisted he must be attested by a magistrate within the district where he had enlisted , or some one acting for such magistrate . It appeared that this soldier had been enlisted in one county and attested in another ; the consequence was , he was immediately discharged . He ( Mr . Duncombe ) understood that a

      great number of men in the army , 5 , 000 or 0 , 000 , were in that position ; he understood that 400 of tne 1 st regiment of Guards had left the regi ment on that plea . He wished to ask what course the Horse Guards intended to pursue , and whether it would not be desirable to bring in a short bill confirming those enlistments ? He understood that anothercourso had been _suggested , that of compelling those wKolei ' t to retund the money they had reeeived , and pay for their accoutrements . But he thought a short bill ol the kind referred to would be the most _jurt ; it would not only confirm those enlistments , but set at rest a doubt that had arisen as to whether a soldier so attested , having served twenty-one years , would be entitled to bis p ension ? Mr . S . Hsrijem said , it was perfectly true that

      within the last two days a very great number of applications had been received , principally from soldiers in the regiments of the Guards , claiming their discharge under circumstances correctly described by the hon . gentleman . It was not , however , the cast that any of such soldiers had , on application , been granted their discharge . The answer had been to all such applications , that every soldier had , by a certain term o f se rvice , become a soldier , and would receive a pension according to the length of that service . With _respect to the statement that a claim could be made on a soldier for the refunding of his levy money , he ( Mr . S . Herbert ) thought nothing could bu more unjust or impolitic . ( Hoar , hear . ) The subject was of gieat importance , and was under the consideration of her Majesty ' s government .

      ; FAMINE IN IRELAND . An interesting conversation took place on the famine _anddiseuse now prevalent in Ireland . Mr . S . O'Brien , Mr . _Wakley , Mr . O'Connell , Sir J . Graham , Sir R . Peel , Lerd G . Bentinck , and Captain Jones were the principal speakers . Mr . Wakley again insisted that food , not physic , should be immediately distributed among the people of Ireland ; tbat the Irish Poor Law ought to be amended forthwith ; and that the boards of guardians in Ireland ought to be

      compelled to administer relief , at once , to the destitute poor of Ireland . Sir R . Peel endeavoured to impress upon the house the absolute necessity of proceeding without delay to sanction with their approbation the resolutions respecting _. the tariff , which had been already amrmed in committee , inasmuch as those resolutions would aiford the Treasury an opportunity of issuing orders which would have a most favourable effect on the trade and commerce of Ireland , and on the means of giving employment to the poor of that country _.

      PRESERVATION OF LIFE ( IRELAND ) BILL . T h e Pr es ervati o n of Life Bi l l was b rou gh t d own from the House of Lords , aud was ordered to be printed . CUSTOMS ' ACTS . The house then proceeded to consider the report on the Customs' Acts . On the question that the duty on hops be reduced to £ 2 os , a cwt ,, Mr . _PuJwriBK , on behalf of the hop-growers of Kent , opposed the reduction . After % conversation , in which Sir R . Peel , Mr . Fuller , Colonel Austen , Mr . Knight , Mr . Ilumpliery , Mr . B . Hope , Mr . Frewen , the Chancellor of the Exchequer , aud Lord G . Bentinck joined , the house divided on the question that this reduction should be erased from the tariff . The numbers were lor the

      amendment—Aves 44 Noes 91 Majority againt it —if The reduction was therefore affirmed . On the proposition for reducing the duties on the importation oi * foreign siIk manufactures , which embraces several items in the tariff . Mr . G . Baskes proposed to omit this article , with all its items , from the tariff . He accepted the challenge of Sir R . Peel to show that the remission ol duties had ever produced depression among the operatives of any trade to which such remission had been applied . Within a few years after the introduction of Mr . _Ilibkisson ' _s measure , a select committee bad been appointed by tlie house to examine

      into the state ol tho silk trade at that time , and to inquire whether any and what legislative mctiSHre could be passed to promote it . The hon . member then read extracts from evidence taken by the committee , showing the reduction in wages inconsequence of the introduction of the goods of France . The poor rates of a parish in Coventry increased from £ 1307 in 1824 , to £ 2192 in 1 & 50 . Mr . Broeklehurst , ol Macclesfield , stated that in 1824 there weie 270 , 000 spindles in that town , and that the mill people engaged in the trade were 10 , 000 . In 1823 , t » o _yeaia after the completion of the alteration of the duty , there were 159 , 000 spindles , and the mill people h « id been reduced to 5234 . In 1831 the spindles were reduced to 122 , 000 , a nd th e mil l people to 3000 .

      ( Hear , hear . ) In 1824 the wages ol able-bodied men iu Macclesfield were 18 s . per week ; in 1828 , 8 s . Od . ; and in 1831 , were 4 s . 7 d . ; and the wages of the women and children exhibited a similar reduction . The _poBi ' _-r-itos in Macclesfield in 1 S 24 exhibited a gross expenditure of £ 4201 ; in 1821 ) , of _.-t' 8670 ; more than double , ( Hear , hear . ) The number of families relieved in 1825 was 5 o ' , in 1831 it had increased to 511 families . How could any one say , alter this , that no case could be produced in whieh a removal of protection had not been _immudiately beneficial to the interest formerly protected 1 He ( Mr . Bankes ) had answered the challenge of the right honourable baronet . The great manufacturers und capitalists might proclaim that they were ready to

      make sacrifices , and take a share in the triumph of passing the present measure ; but this was the case ofthe labourer and the operative , and it was to ruin them , He denied that these classes were in favour ofthe change ; on the contrary , lie contended that they loolied with dread upon the probable operation of these measures . We wero losing the manufacture iif those branches ofthe trade which paid high wages . It was the manufacture of those fabrics that ought to be especially encouragea , and nut surrendered in despair of competing with the patterns and dyes of our foreign rivals . After alludinc to several recent meetings of the silk weavers of Manchester and Sali ' oid , to petition againstthe proposed reductions ou silk , Mr . Bankes said-He might be told that the _Spitalfields weavers hud

      resorted to Manchester and other parts ofthe kingdom , but their condition had undergone no improvement . He found from the report of Mr . Saunders , Inspector of Factories , whose district included Derbyshire , H a mpshire , Hertfordshire , Kent , Middlesex , Surrey , Wiltshire , and Yorkshire , that the following was the result ofa comparison ofa number of mills he inspected in 1833 and in 1845 : —In 1838 there were 204 cotton mills ; in 1845 , 263 ; showing an increase of 59 . In the former period there were 500 wool manufactories ; in the latter G 55 ; the increase having been 89 . In 1 S 3 S there were 3 SS manufactories of worsted fabric ; in 1845 thero were 438 , * showing an increase of 50 . There were 59 flax mills in 1838 , while there were 65 in 1815 , showing an

      increase of 6 * , but at the former period thero were 09 silk mills , while in 1845 there were only 63—a reduction of 0 . ( Hear , bear . ) Then the total number ol children employed in factories in Lancashire , who came under Mr . Saunders ' s notice , was 13 , 000 , of whom only about 800 were engaged in the silk trade . This return came up to January 1815 , and embraced a very extensive district , and it showed that the Silk weavers who had been compelled to quit London in consequence of the experimental measures for reducing duties _^ had not _establis-hed themselves in other parts of the kingdom . He did not deny that some oi these persons might be employed in the Manchester trade—in manufacturing silk mixed with cotton , w o r s ted , or other materials ; but he must remind the house that he was arguing the question of wages . ( Hear . ) He found , from a paper which had been

      largely circulated , wliich was drawn up with considerable ability , and which be had reason to believe was written by a person of eminence , that the weekly wages paid to silk weavers were now less by one-half than they were in 1824 ; and that the gross annual value of silk gowls made in England was estimated to be less by £ 2 , 000 , 000 or £ 3 , 000 , 000 stcrlimr than iu that year . He found also from the same document , that while the average value ol English silhs exported to France in 1844 , was 7 s . Od . p er pound , the average value ot French silks imported into this country during thesame period was 50 s . per pound . This fact showed the difference in the qualities of silk manufactured in the two countries , and the more remunerative employment which must necessarily be a ff o rded to the working classes iu France .

      Mr . "W Eilis directed the attention of the house to the altered circumstances of the silk trade . The _question -was not now whether wc could return to a prohibitory system . That was clearly impossible , and , moreover , it was not likely that , if we returne d to that system wc could restore to the operatives their former wages , lie considered that it would be ' greatly for the interest of Spitalfields if the whole of this protection were withdrawn . Ho recommended the house to throw open the silk trade , and io cease to proclaim its inferiority to Unit of France . 1 Then men of capital would go into it , and our si l k

      House Of Lo Rds-Momttt, Maucii 16. Jtine...

      manufactures would not only rival , but would be ai - solutely superior to those of France . Mr . _Brocklehurst considered that , though an open trade might benefit the wholesale and large retail dealers , yet that it must prove injurious to all classes engaged in our domestic manufactures . 1 here was a population of 40 , 000 or 50 , 000 in Macclesfield , and it was his ( Mr . _Brocklehurst ' s ) duty to __ defend their interests , just as much as it was the interest of the hon . gentleman to defend the interest of the _wholesale dealers . They might say , if they p leased , that when workpeople found that they were not able to obtain proper wage .-, in one trade they should seek more profitable employment ; but this was not easily done . For instance he did not himself think that a

      , shoemaker could be easily converted into a milliner —( " hear , hear , " and laughter )—and h « would leave political economists to show how this transition iiom one « la _- of labour to another was to take place . ( Hear , hear . ) He had been intrusted with a petition i rom M a ccl e sfi e ld , and the petitioners stated that they had learned with surprise and sorrow that the remission of the duty on silks in 1824 , and the admis s i o n of forei gn silk goods in 182 ( 5 , wero considered by the government to be successful measures . So for from that being the case , the petitioners stated that they never should be able to forget the effect produced by tliose measures on their condition ; for , in 182 C , many thousands in Macclesfield were thrown out of employment , and one-half of tho

      manufacturers , along with their workpeople , were reduced to a state of ruin , from which they had never emerged ; that wnges fell one-half , and to this day had a continual downward tendency . Such was the state ol the Macclesfield weavers . ( Hear , hear . ) Before the effect produced by those measures , weavers hud been known to save their £ 100 or £ 150 , but the petitioners stated that now they eould not remain out of work for a fortnight without being obliged to do what tliey considered degrading—namely , make an application to the parish for relief . SirG . Clerk , in answer to Mr . Bankes' quotations from evidence collected in 1832 , ' detailed statement !* of the then existing distress _Imong the » ilkw e avcra , which were made at a public meetine held

      at tho Mansion-house iu 1816 , From this information it appeared that distress among the Spitalfields weavers was owing to other causes than the operation of the measures of 1824 and 1 S 2 S . He attributed the superior success wliich had attended our cotton manufacture , as compared with our manufacture of silk , to the want of any artificial stimulus in the case of the former . He quoted Mr . Saunders ' report to show the increased employment afforded of late years by the silk manufacture at Derby . All parties concerned in the trade were anxious for tho measure proposed by government . Mr . Newmoatu supported the amendment of Mr . Bankes , and Messrs . Hawes _, _Adderley , und Ellice opposed it .

      Lord G . Bestinck said , the ri ght hon . centlemaif , Vice-President of the Board of Trade , in his attempt to answer the able—mest able speech with which the amendment had been proposed , had jumbled up the whole ofthe trade from the year 1816 to 1845 , and had mixed upten years of protected trade with twenty years of free trade ; and then the right hon . gentleman said , " See hew , during the last thirty years , the silk trade of this country has prospered lie had been waited upon by three gentlemen lrom Coventry who were concerned in the ribbon tradethey were Mr . Burberry , Mr . Caldecott , and Mr . _M'Cray . They stated that while there had been only two mills erected in Coventry since tho last alteration of the law for the manufacture of bonnet

      ribbon , there had been no Jess than five erected in the town of St . Etienne , in France ; that was to say , St . Etienne had flourished at the expense of Coventry . There was a description of ribbon which they could manufacture at Coventry as cheaply a * the French ; but thesatin ribbons were a more costly article , and the competition was much against them . The French could produce it at 63 s . a pound , whereas the English manufacturer required a remuneration of 75 s . If the duty of 30 per cent , therefore should be reduced , the trade of Coventry in this article would be entirely destroyed . The member for Leicester ( Mr , _Wynn Ellis ) had admitted that goods from abroad were moro to be disposed of on more advantageous terms by the great wholesale dealers f of

      which the lion , member was himself one ) than the goods manufactured at home . But let the house compare tlie population employed by these vast slaughter-houses , as they were designated , with the population engaged in the manufacture of silk ribbons . The great warehouses , the proprietors of w hi c h made e n o rm o us fortunes , were interested in driving the English manufacturers out of the market , because they could buy cheaper from France . It was to such m e n th at her M aje sty ' s ministers had lent a ready ear . But how many persons did they employ ? According to the information he had received , some two or three of the larger houses employed about 150 persons in the height of the London season , after which these individuals were sent about

      their business . Bnt what was the number of persons employed in the silk trade ? There were 58 , 200 persons so employed , besides 6800 ribbon weavers , a nd 38 , 000 other weavers not particularly distinguished , but no doubt a very large portion of them were employed in tbe silk manulacmre . There was another article connected with the trade , called fi g ur e d gauze . The member for Leicester ( Mr . W . Ellis ) was compelled to admit that the weavers of Coventry had been already driven from this branch of trade . The figured gauzes were worth 180 s . per lb . The silk of which they were made was purchased at 28 s . per lb . So that the difference between 180 s . and 28 s ., being no less than 150 s . per lb ., was expended in labour and profit . By French competition , the

      trade in gauze ribbons bad been driven out of Coventry , for there were only two houses that now manufactured any . The duty under which the French competition had hud this effect , was 27 s , Cd ., and it was now proposed to reduceit to lis ., w h en Coventry could not remit it under a duty of 27 s . 6 d . What did those gentlemen , who called on him yesterday , say with regard to wages—why that tliey were reduced twenty per cent , since 182 ( 5 . IIe ( Loid G . Bentinck ) did not apprehend that the manufacturers couin grind them down any further . ( Hear , and cheers . ) In order to enable them to compete with foreigners they had dragged the weavers from the looms which they worked at home to place them in mills and factories , and had reduced wages to the lowest

      possible point . Itwas clear , therefore , that unless itwas intended to destroy the trade of Coventry altogether-, this reduction ought not to take place , lie would not go to Maccle _.-field , the hoti . member for that borough was a witness to the consequences of _ftee-trade in silk . lie mentioned as a striking and singular fact , that a gentleman , with whom lie was acquainted , had lent to the silk manufacturers , in small sum :., £ 30 , 000 , and that lie had in _ei-nscquenee of their distress become the reluctant proprietor of mills which only live year s b e f o re co s t £ 12 0 , 000 . One m i ll , which had cost £ 14 , 000 , his friend had obtained for £ 1 , 700 . Was that a proof of the prosperity of

      the silk trade ? Nay more , was it a proof of the perfect success ofthe free trade system ? Referring to that item of the silk duties which reduces the duty p a id o n the im p ort a tion o f for e i gn silk dresses from £ 2 10 s , to £ 110 a ., he reminded the house that this reduction would luwe a most injurious effect on the milliners and dressmakers of England , who amounted in number to 1 0 6 , 000 persons . Would the house leave these women to starve , or to a fate worse t h a n starvation , because the y could n o t come t o the house and knock loudly at its doors ? He implored the house not to consent to a measure which would inflict ruin on so many thousands of individuals .

      Sir lt . Pkul hoped that those who were now called upon to decide upon the scheme of commercial policy would maturely consider the facts within their reach , before tliey came to a conuiusion upon ; it on the mere impulse of feeling . He contended that it would not be for the interest nor for the morality of the working classes to recur to that prohibitory system , because , as he showed by reference to what occurred in Spitalfields in 1 S 00 , 1812 , and 1816 , there were periodically sufferings among the operatives in tho silk trade , whieh it was impossible to parallel by anything which had occurred since the relaxation of the prohibitory and protective duties . In the conclusion of his speech , Lord G . Betitinck hud referred in terms of misapplied pathos to the melancholy condition to which the milliners and dressmakers would be reduced by the present proposition of the covcrnracnt . Now , if there was one class of

      nersons who sunercd more than another from the illicit introduction of silk articles ,, it was that very class on which his noble friend bad expended his sympathies . There was a false reliance on the protection system , and foreign , silk dresses could now be got in this country at a « ost not greater than that of the duty which the government now proposed . He concluded by stating that one of his great objects in proposing the present tariff was to cut up by the roots the s y stem of smu gg lin g , which inllieted greater injury en the operatives than could easily be calculated . Air . _D'lsRw-u maintained that tho eause which the Protectionists were now defending was that of the working classes ot the community . With regard to Sir K . Peel ' s assertion , that his scheme was calculated to cut up _smuggling by the r o ots , ho asked how Sir li . Peel reconciled it to his plan to leavo a duty of £ 1 , 200 per cent , on tobacco , and 250 per cent _, on tea .

      The house then divided , when there appeared for the amendment-Ayes 114 Noes 220 M a jorit y 100 The article was then inserted in the amonded tariff . The other orders of the day were disposed of , and the house adjourned at half-past one o ' clock .

      HOUSE OF LOHDS-Tuesday , Marcs tt

      _^ THE OREGON TERRITORY . The Earl of Claubndon moved for sueh portions of the diplomatic correspondence respecting the Oregon negotiation , as the Earl jof Aberdeen might think it consistent with public duty to produce . Nothing could be further from his wishes than to cmbarra * s the government ; but though the language of tlie British and American governinentshad been entirely

      House Of Lo Rds-Momttt, Maucii 16. Jtine...

      pacific , yet it c uld not be denied that the iwoeoiratrics were ' msvnsibly dvifiing towarda a _wai . w was time , he thought , to break the _silenoe-so rigidly preserved on this sine the Atlantic , awl to furnish th © house with all the inhumation that eould prudently hi- furnished . He was convinced that an abler negotiator than Mr . r _*» kenham could not be found , and that the government had acted most judiciously in every step it nail taken in the matter , * for it had declared to the world that it woultl not en _^ e in war until every means of keeping peace wore exhausted . It was morally impossible that two such nations as England and Amotion should embroil themselves for a comparatively _woithlcss _terriioiy , and he should conclude by moving for the cormpondence , and by asking what course the government intended to pursue in the event of the Senate concurring in in © i welvemonth ' s notice .

      The Earl of _Am-iidi-ex said it was only natural that the public should desire authentic information on the Oregon negotiation , and there could be novalid reason for refusing some of the papers in question ; but he must reserve to himself the right of withholding a large portion of the correspondence , because its production at the present moment would be injurious to tlie public intereste . In fact , he should not have been disposed voluntarily to produce any part of it ; for , though the American government had done so , that was no precedent , as tliey were differently situated . The United States Executive had called on the legislature to take a direct course in the matter ; that was not _ourcase : her Majesty ' s government had no intention at present of calling on

      Parliament for au opinion , and therefore the information sought was not indispensable . Besides , in the present undecided state of the negotiation , the production of the whole _correspondence might induce an U : » favou _rable opinion ns to the result ofthe negotiation , for which reason he must also decline to aay what course it was intended to pursue with respect _' to the twelvemonth's notice , lie had every hope that tlie issue of the trnnsautiou would be pacific , but still it must be remembered that ill $ 0 dciiuiltc a matter every well-intentioned effort nii _^ ht be unavailing . He would conclude by repeating emphatically the lot lowing words from her Majesty ' s Spevch— " That no effort will be spared consistently with tbe national honour to bring this question to an early and successful termination . "

      Lord Brougham and Lord _Aaumnvm made a few * observations _. The motion was then put and agrcort to ; after whi c h , a short conversation ensued on ihe _smtijeet of the equipment and dismantling of her Majesty's ship _BeJJoror-lion at Portsmouth , and their lordships adjourned at a quarter pact six o ' clock . HOUSE OF _COtoMOJN'S-TuKSBAy _, March 17 . Mr . T . UoNCOJiiiE presented a petition from the - Tower _Haink-ts in favour of tiie liberation ol" Frost , Williams , and Jones ; also a petition in favour ofthe Ten Hours' Bill ; aud a petition from some respectable inhabitants of Holborn , complaining of the nuisance and detriment to business caused by ; i piece of ground belonging to the Commissioners ot Woo- » anil Forests being left vacant . Mr . _Pattison presented a petition , signed by upwards of 2000 ot _theiiihubitaiitsofToiU'iiiiain , Edmonton , and their vicinities , _agaiuat the enrolment of the militia .

      Dr . Bowkiso presented twenty-eig ht pe titions against calling out tho militia , lrom _Southnmpti . n and various other places ; also eieven petitions , praying that iu all international treaties u clause be inserted , binding countries to submit all mutters of public controversy io friendly arbitration , instead of appealing to arms .

      PUBLIC BUSINESS . Mr . Staffoud O'Biuek _, on tho reading of the order ofthe day lor receiving tlie report of the committee on the Customs' Acts , made an attack upon Sir R . Peel , on account of his not having yet submitted to > Parliament any of the measures , aave the . New Settlement Bill , which he had said were to accompauy the measure for the abolition of the Coin Laws , as a compensation to tho agricultural _interoat lor any loss which it mi ght sustain . The _Ciianckuok of the Exchequer observed , that if Sir Robert Peel was not in his place tnat evening , it onlfair to infer

      was y , from the constancy of his attendance in Parliament , that he was prevented by the pressure of other public business . He could have wished that Mr . Stafford O'Brien , as Sir It . Peel had been in his place every night during the last 36 ven weeks , had selected an evening when Sir ft . Peel was present , instead of the first when he wi >» absent , for thiB very unexpected attack . He reminded tlie house that the Settlement Bill had already been printed , and informed it that the Highways Rate Bill and the Drainage Bill were now considerably advanced , and Would shortly be laid ox the table .

      CORN AND CUSTOMS' IMPORTATION ACTS . Upon the order of the day ( the furuier proceeding on the Customs' and Corn Importation Report ) being read , a tedious conversation ensued upon the already well-debated article of silk . Mr . Mustz followed the example by reverting to the zinc question . _^ At the item spirits and strong waters , Alderman Tuomb & oh offered his protcss to the proposed reduction in duty as inexpedient , as well on i ousiderations of revenue as on other grounds . The annual loss to the revenue from this course would be upwards of £ -100 , 000 , while the advantage , if any , would result exclusively to middle and upper classes of the community . He moved the omission ot the above words from the resolution , Mr . Ewart supported , and the Marquis of Granby opposed , the reduction _.

      Mr . _Cabdwslii argued that the revenue would not be injured by the diminished rate of duty , while the morality of the country would be equally inviolate ; consumption would not be increased—but illicit distillation would be encouraged . Our trade with France would also be benefitted by the reduction . __ Mr . Knight having said a few words , the house divid e d , when the numbers were—For the amendment ... ... ... 34 Against it ... ... ... ... 0 o # Majority against tbe amendment —31 The article clover-seed induced a most lugubrious supplication from Mr . Auix . He expected that the abolition of the existing duty would cause the most wide-spread misery throughout tho laud , exiling the landowners from their paternal acres , and destroying the whole class of agricultural labourers .

      Sir R . Pukl offered his testimony to Mr . _Allix ' s patriotism , but showed slight sympathy with the hon . gentleman ' s apprehensions . This objection was not pressed to a division . On the next resolution being read , Mr . Miles regretted that ministers had determined to remit the small duty which had been retained in the tariff of lS 42 , ou the importation of foreign cattle . He showed that the duty had neither been prohibitory nor unproductive * . and if the supply of foreign beasts for tue market at _bmitlmeld had

      been recently stopped , it was owing to the reluctance ofthe importers to introduce any foreign cattle until the present duty was repealed , When that duty was taken off , the market would be quite " inundated " with foreign cattle , _Uc thought that the duty ought t » be retainedvmUUhe expiration of the Com Laws ; and such being his opinion , he moved , as an amendment , to strike out ' _oftho resolution the words , " oxen _, a ud bull s , cows , lambs , swine and hogs , b acon , beef salted , povk fresh , pork salted , & c . " Colonel _Siuthous seconded the -imendmcnt .

      Sir R . Pukl justified the _reduction of duty now pro p osed , and shewed that it could not be productive of any injury to the _agmultural interest . Competition with Irish cattle was quite as formidable to the English grazier as competition with Dutch and Danish , cattle . And y * t the English grazier _cotupoted successfully with die Irish grazier . Why ,, then , should he be afraid ot" _sompeiing with the foreigner ? it was said that the price ol' cattle had recently increased . Now ,, did it never occur to the P . _otectionista that the increased price might be _occasioned by increased consumption , and that increased consumption might be the result of the labouring classes having enjoyed , during tho Inst year , better wages and more constant enaploymimt ?

      A disillusion then t . iuk p lace ,, in which Mr . Finch _* the Chancellor ofthe Exchequer , Sir J . Tyrrell ,. Mr . "Villiers ,. Sir J . _Trollopc , Mr . P . Borthwick , Sir J . Walsh , Mr . E .. Yorke , Sir C . Knightly , Mr . C . Bruce , and Lord G . Bentinck joined , and in which _, the speakers run riot over the most multifarious topic * . The Excise dinks were discussed—so too was the malt ux , and the comparative merit of malt and oilcake in fattening _cattis . The influence of railroads was token into consideration , as was also the state of Ireland , the pisedial outrages of its peasantry , and the want of employment among _ils-popul at ion g enerall y . The disinterestedness ot the

      landowners , and the selfish objects of the manufacturers in propagating free trade principles , aud in seeking the repeal of the Com Laws , were dwelt on witb infinite gusto , whilst much eloquence was wasted by the " agricultural mind" upon the impossibility ot relying on the professions of government , on the probability of Sir 11 . Peel ' s scheme being rejected by thc Ilouse of Lords , and the certainty of the Protectionists obtaining a majority in the next Parliament , if an appeal wore now made to the country ] As to the resolution itself , very little wa s s a id , a s it seemed to be almost forgotten until there was a . « idl for a division . The hou se t hen divid e d , when there

      appenred—For the am e ndmen t 12 Against it Ill Majority against it 39 The announcement of the numbers was _received With loud cheers from the Protection benches . The original proposition was then agreed to . Another division took _. placeon the _article " hides , " in which the government proposition w » i carried by a majority of 04 . An objection was also taken by Mr , Lawsok t o tho reduction on "linens ; " but it was not pressed to a division . On the timber duticB being read , Mr . Mitcheli _, moved the date 1810 instead tof 1817 on the lirst resolution , which was negatived without a division . The resolution on tins _tiudjer duties was tliea put substantively .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 21, 1846, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_21031846/page/7/