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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th October 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 8, at Printed hy WILLIAM KIDER, of No. 5,3 Iacclesfitkl-%-l

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      The Itlgut Of Magistrates To Flog Appbex...

      evidence that he did not know there had been a strike , and when I asked if there had been any alteration of wages at _Messers . "fforrall _' s , he said he did not know . Then again , though it was clearly proved that this man had absented himself , there was no proof that he had absented himself unlawfully . There was nothing inconsistent with the fact , that he might not have been away from his work with the permission of his master . I don't say I think they had g iven him permission to go away , I think they had not , but 1 say the magistrate ought to have given him the benefit of what the other side neglected to prove . I urged this , but I failed to make the court comprehend . Tbey were determined he should be imprisoned and flogged .

      ( Cries of" Shame . " ) Sow , it is just possible that some of you may think that this flogging part ofthe sentence- _^ the words in the warrant are , that he be imprisoned and put to hard labour , and that he be corrected . It is possible that some of you may think that the last term means nothi -g . But I asked the gorener of the gaol if thepris _' ner was to lie flogged ? He said , * " Yes , be will be hogged with thecat-o ' -nine tails , " audi kiowtba these gaolers are not backward in inflicting the punishment . I know some of them have a relish for it ; and one of them once told me he never knew such a thrill of joy come over bim as when he lifted the _catno-nine tails— " he liked to pitch it into them so . " ( Cries of" Shame " : and great sensation . ) It is a

      mere accident that Bailey was not _flogged on first foing into goal , and then our endeavours to save im through an application to the judge would have been too late . Fortunately there is a sort of humanity about these gaolers at the _Xew Bailey . It seems to be a part of that humanity that they like to send a youth or a man home to his parents or nis wi * c with his back lacerated , that they may feel Lis ignominy and share his feelings . ( Renewed cries of "Shame . " ) You know what an awful thing this application of the lash is . You have seen it in newspapers , no doubt , that a man threw himself from the mast of a ship and was dashed to pieces rather than have the cat applied to his back ; and another man , a soldier , perished from the lash at

      Hounslow . As was justly remarked by the preceding speaker , this punishment is unkonwn to the English law as applied to adults ; but is has been allowed to linger on the _statute-oook with regard to apprentices , and that i 3 the reason why I said tbe law of apprenticeship could not be applied in this case to a man wko attained his majority , seeing that thepunishmeni awarded him by the law of apprentices was one which the law had not retained In the case of those of mature years ; and that was a point referred to in glowing trems by tbelearned 3 udgeto whom the application was addressed . _Notwithstanding the opinion _thatstrikes are an evil , I believe thev do more good than harm . As I said , there is an unfortunate leaning on the part of the magistrates towards the masters ; but when I say that , I speak of stipendiary magistrates , separating

      Ihem from the others—and it is accounted for , perhaps , on the ordinary principles of human nature , because they associate and have all their pleasures together . What I complain most of in this case is tbat the magistrate , thoU g b he had a doubt as to his power to deal with the prisoner , did not do a 3 other judges do , and as judges direct juries they should do —tbat where there is a doubt they should give the benefit of it to the prisoner . "With regard to the flogging , I belivc that the magistrate did not intend it to appear against the prisoner . I did not hear it pronounced in the judgment—but it did not appear in the warrant . But while I have pleasure in saying that , I say that the punishment of flogging ought not to be recognised at all , Mr . Roberts went on to impress on the meeting the necessity of preserving their unions , and concluded amid loud cheers .

      Mr . Southwell and others afterwards addressed the meeting . Tire Salford DrERs . _—Threatened _Assasslva _xiox or a Magistrate . —J . "Walmslcy was brought before tbe magistrates at the 2 Few Bailey , Salford , on Thursday , charged with leaving his work , without giving the customary three weeks' notice . The town clerk of Salford appeared for the Messrs . Worrall , and Mr . "W . P . Roberts for the defendant . Before the case was entered into , Mr . Trafford , the stipendiary magistrate , appearing greatly excited , banded a letter to Mr . Roberts , and desired that the town clerk and Mr . Roberts wonld retire , and read it . Tbe letter contained a threat to the effect that if judgment were given against the defendant steps would be taken to shoot the magistrate . The town clerk and Mr . Roberts having returned

      into court , Mr . Trafford said he could not , after readin _^ thatletter , give an unbiassed judgment ; and requested Mr . Roberts to consent to the postponement of the case , in order that some other magistrate might hear it . Mr . Roberts , however , declined to do so , and intimated to Mr . Trafford that the magistrate ought to treat the matter with contempt , and discharge his duty on the face of it . He said the letter purported to be signed by Mr . James Teer , the secretary of tbe Dyers' Association , and there was every reason to believe that it was a forgery . He was sure Mr . Teer would not be guilty of writing such a letter . The case of Wahnsleywas then proceeded with , and occupied a long time in hearing ; but judgment was deferred till Friday .

      8 The «N ' B»**Ttft'8fab - Ocrobkk 20, 1...

      8 THE « n _' b »** ttft _' 8 _fAB - _OcroBKK 20 , 1849 .

      The Miners Of The North. To The Editor O...

      THE MINERS OF THE NORTH . TO THE EDITOR OF UI £ yOOTHEBX STAIt-Sin , —The delegate meeting of the Miners of this district took place om Saturday last , at Mr . Greener ' s , sign of the Cock , _Newcastle , when an accession of members were added to tbe union , together with additional delegates , thus _presenting proofs of farther progcess of the mast cheesing character . The first business was of a preUminary nature , being relative to the adoption of a few regulations for conducting the business of the delegate meeting , and to facilitate the same .

      The next question was in connexion with the restriction of labour , from which it was understood that in future , and until the miners are more generally organised , four shillings per day shall not be exceeded , but it is left entirely to each colliery or district to fix a temporary restriction or regulation at any figure below the said four shillings . Letters were read from Sir G . Grey and Professor Philips , the Commissioner appointed to examine into the ventilation of mines , wherein the former states his readiness to have tbe case alluded to properly examined , and the latter appoints Monday , the 22 nd of October , at 3 p . m ., to meet a deputation of the Miners concerning the state ofthe collieries with respect to the ventilation . - The

      following collieries were then selected , each to send one man to form the deputation : _—Washington , "Westerton , Crook Hall , Castle Eden , "Walls End , _Tvingate Grange , Oxclose , Crow Trees , _Xorth Hetton , Cassop , and Ouston . The Secretary having announced that a most calumnions article had been published in the Globe paper , and reprinted in the _Xewcas & e Courant , at Once charging Mr . "Wyld , MP ., with attending the public meeting of miners held on the Black Fell , for the sole purpose of " urging them to form combinations to resist reduction of wages , and to insure employment to all Miners who arc willing to work ;" ¦ whereas the object of that gentleman ' s visit was to ascertain the condition of tbe pits with regard to

      ventilation , and to urge the necessity of governmental interference in preventing the immense sacrifice of life , caused by explosions , & c . ; and lest his humane purpose should be attempted to be misconstrued , he guarded _agafnst that by the following words : — " He declined any participation in tbe dispute between ihem and their masters about wages , " Ms object being a national remedy for the benefit of all Miners . The delegates resolved with perfect unanimity to afford Mr . Wyld every aid in defending and vindicating his character against the foul slander , anil provide the means ( if needs be , ) to prosecute the party who propagated it . The next business was a proposition from Seaton Scleral Colliery , " That a subscription be entered

      into to assist the widow ofthe late secretary , Wm . Bell , " wbich was adopted unanimously . It was then resolved " To hold the next delegate meeting at the house of Mr . G . Corby , _5 ew Durham chair to be taken at nine o ' clock a . m . Tbe levy for the unemployed to be threepence per member , ' and one penny to the general fund . " Several delegates then detailed the hardships and suSering endured by those whom their hard-hearted employers had turned out of door in this inclement season ofthe year , and it affords some consolation to learn that in one case the workmen have taken legal proceedings to ascertain whether they are not entitled to one month ' s notice before ejectment . At another colliery the workmen have had their wages

      paid by truck or tommy ticket , and as they have ceased to work until an advance of price is given , the wages earned has been retained by their master for goods got at the store , but as this is said by a legal gentleman to be illegal , summonses are to be taken out to recover the wages so retained . Six of tbe workmen liad also been apprehended and taken before the magistrates for neglect of work , convicted , and ordered to prison for three months , when Mr . Briggs , the attorney , demanded to look at the agreement * which he pronouneed invalid , and succeeded in getting the magistrate to reversehh decision with respect io the men going to prison . .

      lhese recitals had a tendency to arouse tbe delegates to a more definite plan of procuring a redress of those evils , and on the motion of Mr . Smith , it was resolved : _—* 'To lay before the respective collieries tbe necessity of establishing a law fund , in order that injustice to the working Miners may be prevented . " The meeting was _^ then adjourned unto Saturday , the 27 th inst ., at Sew Durham . Tours truly , M . Jcde . P . S . —It is respectfull y intimated that , each colliery having just complaints about the state of the

      The Miners Of The North. To The Editor O...

      ventilation will forward the same to . M . Jude , Sandyford-lane , Barras Bridge , _Newcastle , that they mar be laid before the deputation and Professor Philips . All statements to be accurate , and sent in ou or before Saturday , October 20 .

      ^ — The Currency Question. To The Editor...

      _^ — THE CURRENCY _QUESTION . TO THE EDITOR OF THE XORTHERX STAR . Sin , —I have just read with no small degree of astonishment Mr . Brook ' s reply to my letter on the Currency . It appears that he has not thought proper to make the slightest allusion to any one of my arguments , having , as he says , met them in his letter to Mr . Culpan . I have no desire to take up the pages of the Star , or the time of its readers , with mere cavil or woidmongering , and am therefore desirous that' a proper understanding should be come to . I should not have written after Mr . Culpan had taken up the subject , had I not considered that I was one of the principal persons alluded to in Mi-. Brook ' s challenge . But now that tbe discussion has commenced I am desirous that it should

      be properly conducted , knowing that good will _resiiit from it . Mr . Brook states , in bis reply to Mr . Culpan , that we , the free paper advocates , are bound to prove certain things , —how the paper will work in onr foreign trade , & c . Sow , with all due deference to Mr . Brook , I beg leave to inform him tbat if tbat is his opinion , he is ignorant of the laws of argumentation . We are not at present obliged to prove anythbig . He has thrown out the challenge , and assumed the affirmative of the question , while we occupy merely a negative position ; and by the rules of logic , no man is ever called upon to prove a negative . He must first attempt to prove his position . If ho succeeds , the discussion its at an end ; if he fails , then we assume the affirmative , and lay

      down our position , which he can either admit or assail . Having thus put Mr . Brook in his proper position , I shall now proceed to examine his arguments . He complains of having been misrepresented . If I have misrepresented him it has not been intentionally , but has arisen from his unguarded method of writing . But the explanation which he offers does not , in my opinion , mend his case . He would let the money alone , but not the money dealers . Row I imagine any thing he could do to the men would not be of much use if the laws remain uutouched ; and if he alter the laws then he does not let the money alone , inasmuch as the money springs from the laws ; and therefore whatever was done to the men would be of no avail , because others would be found to pursue the same

      course . Mr . Brook seems to treat the idea of money being- abstracted out of the country with levity . He ouserves , that no one will part with his geld , either to _theTforeigner or any one else , without receiving an equivalent ; and that should it be abstracted that which would be left behind would speedily rise in value , and thus bring back its abstracted brethren , _jfbw these are very fine words , and well calculated to deceive persons who are ignorant of the nature of such transactions . But when wo come to strip them of then- outward tinsel , and examine their naked form , we shall find a mass of fraud and robbery on the one hand , and of wretchedness and misery on the other . With

      regard to parties receiving an equivalent for their gold it is no matter to the working classes , inasmuch as they are not moneybolders , and have nothing to do with the transaction . But any one acquainted with these transactions knows that when gold is sent abroad it very seldom goes in the regular way of buying and selling . There are the Rothschilds , and others ofthe same class , who have their establishments in almost every commercial country in the world , and who may be said at present to hold the destinies of commerce in their hands . These parties can as easily transmit gold from one country to another , without the process of buying and _sellinir , as a man can lift the victuals from one shelf of his cupboard to another . When

      gold has to be sent from one country to another , it is generally sealed up in casks , and consigned to some large commercial house , where it remains unopened until it is reshipped to the place from whence it came . The talk about an equivalent is therefore so much nonsense . But the rise in tho price oftbat which is left behind is a painful fact , and one which tbe people are soon made to know to their cost . For just in proportion as money rises wages lower . The mills and workshops are closed , or put on short time , and wages reduced twenty or thirty per cent . The money , which before paid two men on full time , now pays six on short time . The streets are filled with unwilling idlers , who must either subsist on parish relief , —work at the

      degrading test-hills for sixpence per day , —or be fed with the cold and trembling hand of charity from the soup kitchens . 2 Jor are the working classes the only parties who suffer during these periods . Parish relief , test-hill wages , and soup-kitchen fare , begin to tell fearfully on the tills ofthe shopkeepers and other small tradespeople , who depend upon the wages of the working classes for their support . It is in vain that almost every article in their shops are ticketed astonishingly cheap 1 half price ! & c . ; money has become so dear , and labour so cheap , that the people have ceased to be consumers of anything but a few of the coarsest articles of food . In consequence of this tbe home trade becomes

      paralysed , and destitution increases . The bills of the tradesman and manufacturer continue to become due , and their means to take tbem up hare become exhausted . Their goods are thrown upon the market at half price in order to raise the means to meet their outstanding acceptances . The parties who have taken away the gold now bring it back again , lodge it in the coffers ofthe Bank of England , draw out its paper instead , and purchase up the goods at merely nominal prices , and store them up in warehouses till prices get up again , when they ate brought out and sold for double the purchase money . This is what is meant hy one of those rises in the price of gold which Mr . Brook treats with so much indifference .

      It-affords tho people no relief to tell them that the parties who carried abroad the gold got an equivalent for it , or that that which was left behind had doubled in value . Such a story is but to mock their misery . Could anything but tbe most infatuated madness induce a people to cling to a species of currency wbicb affords such opportunities to a set of conscienceless scoundrels to plunder and rob them at pleasure ? The people remain as willing , and as able as ever . Their heads are as skilful to contrive , and their hands to execute ; tbe national resources remain undiminished , but a few casks of goid are locked up in the cellars of some foreign country , and the people must starve till it is brought back

      and safely lodged in Tkrcadneedle-street . Mr . Brook has given ns a programme of what he would do had he the power . This , of course , we are to look upon as his plan of setting things to rights . First , we are to wait until the government falls to pieces of its own accord . That event having happened , we are to settle off with the banks and their creditors , —stop the issue of all paper monev , —and return to a purely metallic currency ; then knock off the taxes , and hand over the laud to the _landholder ; and this is to constitute Mr . Brook ' s political and social El Dorado . I would just remind him , however , that" society is a wheel which must be repaired while itisin rapid motion ;" and he must show us how he wiU take out the old

      spokes and put in the new ones , and yet prevent himself from being destroyed by its velocity . "When wc have got political power we shall only have got a glimpse of the land of liberty ; we shall still be dwelling on the dark and gloomy shores of despotism . A wide and yawning gulpb will lie between us and tbe promised land . All history proves that to bridge over this gulph with safety has been the greatest difficulty which the true reformers of all ages and countries have had to perform . For no sooner have they made the attempt than the destructive batteries of despotism have been let loose upon thero , and they have either been driven back or destroyed . Tlie man who has set himself up as a public teacher , —who ha 3 not duly weighed over this matter , and prepared to meet it , —has neglected the most important part of his duty . That Mr .

      Brook has not done so is clearl y evident from his programme . Setting aside this idea that we are to wait for political power until the government tumbles to pieces of its own accord , and voluntarily surrenders its power into our hands , which I imagine will be tbe day after doomsday ; the rest of his plan is a rank absurdity , and will end in the destruction of the first government , no matter whether Whig , Tory , or Democratic , that attempt to put it in execution . In the first place , the great bulk of the people are ignorant of the nature of the power that oppresses them . They are aware they are wronged by some one , and they have been taught to believe tbat government has the power of redressing their wrongs . When , therefore , a popular

      government had been elected they would naturally look for some speedy relief , and if tbey found only increased distress they would soon overturn the Democratic government , and restore their old taskmasters to power . It requires very little penetration to discover that the moment Mr , Brook attempted to put his plan into execution the entire population would be thrown out Of employment , and that , too , without any prospect of being employed again , perhaps , for " years , "We haVO all witnessed those periods of distress which I have attempted to describe , which occur when the sold

      has left the country , and the paper money has been curtailed in quantity and raised in value ; but if we could just get a view of all the banks being stopped , without any substitute being provided beyond the metallic currency , and the general bankruptcy that would follow , we should behold a mass of wretchedness and misery to which even -Ireland , in her worst periods , has been a stranger . The magnitude and extent of our industrial operations arc such , that it will be utterly impossible to carry them on with a metallic currency , without such a breaking down in the price of labour and its products as wiU put an entire stop to all the productive operations of tho country , and the people

      ^ — The Currency Question. To The Editor...

      will have to perish by thousands ; whilst the Jews , and those _^ o are holders of gold , would , according to Mr Brook , have their property , which is sola , _LcreasedinTOlueftrty-fofd . All this would take olace whilst tbe circumstances of tha country were accommodating themselves to the altered state ot the currency , dan any one suppose that it would be D 0 SSible for any government to maintain its existence much less its popularity , during such a general wreck . Most decidedly not . The people wou d crv out like the Israelites of old , for their old _Egyptian taskmasters and the flesh-pots , in preference to perishing in such a wilderness of despair . But supposing that _, it should survive the . storm , and the people could he persuaded patiently to suffer in the expectation of better things , would the

      result answer the proposed end ? I deny it , were the people who produce the only parties who consume , then it would be a matter of perfect indifference ' whether the price of their labour was great or small . But when we consider what a large portion there arc who live without any kind of labour , and whose incomes are fixed , even when the tax-eaters are destroyed , and the large quantity of our goods which ar consumed by the foreigners , we are led to the conclusion that every . roducation that is made in our labour is so much given away to the idler and the foreigner . "Whenever a general reduction takes place , wages are always reduced in a greater proportion than other things , just in proportion to the amount consumed by the idler and the foreigner ,

      whilst the income of these parties is just enhanced in the same proportion that the labour is reduced . Thus if the purchasing power of the sixpence was made equal to that of the sovereign , in order to preserve the balance oftradc we should be obliged to give the foreigner forty pounds worth of goods in return for tho same quantity for which we now give him only one pound's worth , whilst the man who is now worth fifty pounds a year would then be equal to the man who is now worth a thousand . Mw these parties could not be enriched in this manner without the people being made poorer by the amount . While , therefore , the man of money had his fifty pounds raised to a thousand , the man who now receives ten shillings a week wages would then

      have to labour for about twopence . Mr . Brooks seems to be afraid of having to strip his shirt from his back under a national system of paper , money , but , I think , under his metallic currency we should soon have none to strip . As for banding the land—which ought to be the common property of the nation—over to the fundholder , I think these parties havo robbed the people to a sufficient extent , without having the land handed over to them as a reward for their peculation and plunder . In conclusion , I would observe , that I have no wish , to drag irrelevant matter into the discussion ; but when wo are told that in a certain state of society money would be of no use , we are led to ask what tbat state of society is ? Mr . Brook will , perhaps , say that I am here misrepresenting him—that

      he did not say that money was of no use—but he said that which was the same thing ; because if tbe amount is of no moment , then it does not signify whether it be one pound , or one hundred millions and if one pound would do then , how would one hundred millions do ? He thinks that commHiiism is impracticable . If he will look to America he will see that it is practicable . I am of opinion that it would be best for Mr . Brook to write series of letters detailing his whole plan , then if we think him wrong wo can write a series in reply ; he can then rejoin , after which we will give him a detail of our plan ; he can then reply , and we can rejoin . I think we should be likely to come at the truth in this way better than by discussing either plan in parts , a method which must always be imperfect .

      C . SUACKLETON . _Queen ' s-head , near Halifax . [ We have no objection to the fullest discussion of the Currency question , but if Mr . Brook and his opponents proceed to act upon the . suggestion conveyed in the last paragraph of the above letter , they must study brevity , both as regards each series , and each letter . We do not hold ourselves bound to insert letters , though otherwise unobjectionable , which exceed half a column . —Ed . N . Si ]

      Organisation Of Labour. To The Delegates...

      _ORGANISATION OF LABOUR . TO THE DELEGATES WHO MAY COMPOSE THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF THE LONDON TRADES . Gektlemes , —As you are about to meet in Conference , on the 7 th of November next , to deliberate upon the best means of delivering your order from their depressed condition , and as I have laboured in conjunction with many of you to establish an organisation among the trades , I , therefore , trust I need offer no apology for offering a few remarks on what appears to form a correct and well-directed policy . I say a correct and locll-dirccted policti because all the " past exertions , the money ,

      and the time which the trades have spent in struggling to secure " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day s work" have totally failed . You may behold the reason of such failure in the fact , that the trades themselves have never yet correctly understood or settled what really constitutes " a fair day's wage for a fair day ' s work . " That system of remuneration cannot surely be considered " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work , " which compels most workmen to make two shillings for an individual in the capacity of an employer , while the employed are only making one shilling for themselves . And yet this is all that has been attempted by tbe most enthusiastic trades' unionists ofthe old school . The trades of Great Britain bave never vet bad

      the intelligence or the fortitude to make a stand against this nefarious system of man being used up by man . How , then , are we to rectify this great abuse , and give practical effect to this ill-understood phrase of " afair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work ?" That can only be done by making the working classes , as far as possible , their own employers , under the most efficient associational arrangements , by which means the employed would receive the full value of their labour , instead of two-thirds of it being systematically handed over to individuals who are licensed to defraud them , merely because they happen to . be employers . I am firmly convinced that to attempt any other mode of permanently bettering the condition of all classes of

      workmen than by extending the field of employment , and giving the employed the full value of their labour , would turn out to be a most grievous delusion . It is impossible for any right-minded man to observe and study the position ofthe working classes without coming to the conclusion , that as far as the question of labour and its reward are concerned , all classes of workmen arc subjected to a cruel system of legalised confiscation . How , then , shall we remove this most grievous and unnatural confiscation of wealth , which is the offspring of labour , and cause the child to perform its duty towards its parent ? On that head a new commandment must be given and received ! New principles founded in justice , must be everywhere

      proclaimed and enforced . There is nothing so essential to the success of any political party as clear and well-defined principles . A large section of the London Trades have adopted a series of fundamental principles , which , if acted upon , would effect the industrial , social , and political emancipation of labour . As several of these propositions may probably be submitted to your consideration , I trust they will meet with that due consideration which their importance demands . This much , at least , I must say , that unless tbe Trades seek to extend the field of self-employment all their attempts to permanently better their condition will prove entirely abortive . And-while thousands aro walking the streets in despair , in consequence of

      being compelled to go idle , let mc sketch to you tho superior position of two or _ihvee operatives in the immediate neighbourhood of my residence , arising entirely from having tho facilities afforded them of combining two or three branches . of industrial pursuits in their every-day avocations . The shoemakers of London and other large towns who are competing witb each other in the slave market , and in many instances obliged to work for the slop shops , and be otherwise subjected to the many evils arising from the overstocked state ofthe labour market , will surely consider the member of their trade to be in a superior position who can say that he is altogether independen t of shocmaking , at least six months ofthe year , and whoby combining

      , agriculture with his trade , grows so much corn as serves his family tbe year round , and has now from fifty to sixty bushels of potatoes housed for winter use , together with two fine pigs , from fifteen to sixteen stones weight . I frequently visit a shoemaker who is in that somewhat enviable position , compared with vast numbers of his trade at the present season of the year ; he occupies a house and about two acres and a quarter of land , which supplies his family with the chief articles of consumption ; and fills up his time in following his trade as a shoemaker , which forms a ready moUey source to supply the entire wants of his famil

      y . - ' and thus , by associating two branches of industry he is , to a great extent independent of tho slave market . There are others living j the same nei ghbourhood who arc equally well circumstanced , from having tho facilities afforded them to combine two branches of industry together ; and among others 11 MV mention a carpenter , who is employed by meat the present time , who not being able to find employment at his trade much more than half the year , thought upon the wise expedient of producing for himself those chief articles of home consumption which tho want of employment prevented him from' purchasing from others . °

      Let me now draw your attention to the impression which I am desirous of making , by _bringing these cases before your notice , which is this—that if either of the men I have alluded to was to discontinue associating the two branches of mdustry which they pursue , they would become of col petely ruined men as any one among the SeS thousands who have delegated you to toouoS measures for their relief from the poverty an ? £ - _radatton which surround them . Twould be of

      Organisation Of Labour. To The Delegates...

      little use to give to either the carpenter or the shoemaker I have alluded to , or any other man , two , three or even four acres of land , perhaps ai a considerable distance from any market town , and probably without the means of transit for their produce -they would soon find that the physical and intellectual wants of this life are of a more comprehens ve character than the isolated _notion of the surra occupant of a few acres of land would furnish But when it is demonstrated that one individual , by associating two branches of industry together can make himself comparatively independent , it must surely be clear to the most obtuse mind , that the most beneficial vomits would flow from labour

      being placed under far superior associational _arranccmeuts . ... e , Yes , I repeat that it is by the association of labour that it can alone be emancipated and associated under far superior circumstances to which I have alluded in tho case of the carpenter and the shoemaker , which , nevertheless , prove that , even under the most unfavourable arrangements , a combination of at least two branches of industry , whereby agricultural and manufacturing pursuits shall go hand in hand , are indispensably necessary . I must observe , before I conclude , that I think vouv first aim ought to be to establish a National ' Organisation of Trades . To do that you must make the contribtions as low as possible ; and , in answer to-several friends who have wroteto me to ask my oninion _respecting the propriety of levying a weekly

      contribution as a fund to establish home colonies , I beg to anstver , in my opinion _. that would be premature at present , and that the time to do that would be ( if done at all ) when tho members of the association amounted to fifty or one hundred thousand . The history of all past attempts at self-emancipation by weekly contributions proves tkat until the people are prepared to compel the government to afford them the facilities to provide for themselves useful employment , by breaking up our landed tenures , and throwing open the soil for national industry , making an advance of capital—say in paper-money , which may be called treasury notes , ot any other name—until that be done , believe me , the emancipation of labour will never come . Alkbed A . Walton .

      Ireland And Her Rulers-To Whom Are Her M...

      IRELAND AND HER RULERS-TO WHOM ARE HER MISERIES ATTRIBUTABLE ? ( From the Belfast Vindicator : ) It is painful to listen to the quack politicians and would-be patriots of the day descanting on the causes of Irish misery . ' They throw history overboard , and blasphemously assert that the . cause of Irish misery is entirely attributable . to tho _rndolence and stupidity of Irishmen themselves . Even some of our Repeal organs gravely talk of selfreliance , and denounce their own countrymen as the most consummate blockheads on the face of the earth ; and join in tho cries of our calumniators , who daringly preach that all tbe evils . of Ireland aro of her own making . Wc deny this in totoand denounce ; the preachers asrevilers , and as

      , knowingly perverting tho simple truth . They might hold the doctrine in question if the Parlia ment were Irish , and if the government of the country were in the hands or Irishmen . If the Irish governed themselves , then , indeed , would it be just to attribute to them the evils that pervade this country ; but it is equally just , at first , to attribute to England those miseries which afflict the people of Ireland . It is just to do so , because England , for more than 6 1 ) 1 ) years , has governed and ruled the destinies of Ireland . For 600 years she has misgoverned Ireland . It is enough to make the hardest heart weep tears of blood to think of the wretchedness of our native land , and to behold the determination on the part of

      England to continue the present system , But It 13 nt to drive men to despair to bear the petty leaders of detached factions calumniating their own flesh and blood for acts and conduct over which they can exercise no control . A glance at the past will show that the present system has been handed down and perpetuated by a brute force which overcame all resistance , and mocked all efforts to dostroy it up to this hour . "Why , then , blame the victim , if bound and overpowered it cannot resist the descending blow of the executioner ? In looking at the history of Ireland since the connexion with England commenced , the review is as melancholy for the p ast , , as gloomy for the future . Invited over by the profligacy of a scoundrel , Henry II . established a footing in Ireland in the year 1872 . From that period to the present the policy of England has , under one or other

      name , perpetuated a system of disunion . Mere lrishry , previous to the " Reformation , " was as great a cause of exclusion for an English minister , or his ready automaton , in Ireland , as Catholicity has been in our own days ; but even this was not sufficient , for wo learn that , in in spite of all these disadvantages , the descendants of English settlers soon got Irish feeling , and to support English ascendancy the plunderers of one century wore the plundered ofthe next . How long this centennial plundering might have gone on it is impossible to conjecture , had not the " Glorious Revolution" of l ' tiSS introduced a new order of plunderers whose religion differed from the religion of the mass of the Irish population . New names , but the same tyrannous policy , continued to . divide the people of this illfated island .

      Cathou © degradation , and English or Protestant ascendancy , now succeed to Englishry or lrishry , and it must bo admitted with increased violence , and a greater disregard of all social and moral ties than any even the black statutes of Kilkenny evinced . The first act of justice to Ireland was after the glorious and successful resistance of her then Colonies in North America to English ascendancy . Notwithstanding the devastation of ages , the population of Ireland , true to the veligion of their ancestors , gained in numbers , in wealth and organisation .

      The forces of Great Britain were deemed barely sufficient to protect her own shores , and Lord Buckinghamshire declared to the people of Belfast the inadequacy of England to afford protection—that Ireland must now depend on her own population . The accursed statues of AYilliam III ., of George II ., of George III . which declared Catholics incapable of bearing arms , wero then forgotten . Protestant joined Catholic , the volunteer association sprung up , and Ireland , for once , was universally armed , and universally enjoyed domestic peace . Free trade and emancipation from the supremacy of a forei

      gn parliament followed this glorious union . The Protestants were not , even after this experience , prepared to emancipate their fellow-soldiers , and succeeding years enabled tho demon of English ascendancy to foment a religious rancour which made a desert of our fertile isle , and turned neighbour against neighbour—man against man . The gifts of nature were spurned , and , to use the expressions of a talented countryman , " Blessings were spurned by government , who embraced , Tn preference , fanaticism , and malignity , and made us a nation of victims , and a government of crimes " .

      When weak in numbers , tho government of England , whether Protestant or . Catholic , ruled tho people of Ireland with tho law of tho sword , and the sword of the . law . As our numbers and unanimity increased , this system has been relaxed , but has again been enforced , as soon as Protestant could be pitted against Catholic , when Irishman could be marshalled against Irishman , and all her sons rendered unmindful of their native soil . "English supremacy again arose , and in Olio of those seasons of suicidal folly , after a rebellion excited for the purpose , a base , corrupt , and daring Minister robbed us of our resident legislature , and blotted tbe name of Ireland from the roll of nations . Base as tbe records of the day prove that

      legislature to have been , it is a consolation to find that its " existence could not he quenched , without exposing in the statute book its venality and its profligacy . English policy did all this ; and now , when the country , by such barbarous government , has reached the brink of ruin , we arc told that the entire fault lies at the door of the Irish peasantrv The landlords are only a portion of the niachinei ' v of English rule . When they exterminate and plunder in the name of law , they arc only doin « their duty to their masters-just working for thenpay _, lhey hold their lands for a certain consideration ; their titles are derived from tho same that

      source as of the officers of an ancient bandit to the plunder their swords aided in securing The tithe collector , the cess gatherer , the law driver , the Grand Jury extortioner , haunt every recess , and seize upon all the means of livelihood —while the absentee squanders in _foreign climes and encourages foreign industry with the sp oils of our impoverished land . Amid the dreariness of our wretched country , the most hideous of earthly monsters , religions discussion , rears its horrid head and " affrights the isle from all propriety . " To ' England wc attribute all these evils—to England we justly 'Attribute them . All the crime , and some pf _ttiepunishment , thank Heaven , belongs to _England . °

      Man cannot be unjust with impunity . To countenance and support a faction—to enable a "reedy and unemployed clergy to bloat with wealth , and hvo in luxury—to crush the sacred principles of liberty oi conscience , and to extinguish the hope of rational freedom , is the game England has long played m this country . b She has succeeded to her heart ' s content , but she is beginning to pay for that vicious success . Ireland cannot be oppressed and productive ; and her miseries must , erelong , entail retributive misfortune on the head of her enslaver

      Tire Em <W Ltossu Is At Present Engaged ...

      Tire Em < w _ltossu is at present engaged in astronomical observations with , _liia monster _tQlosoope _atParsonstown . • • _™«» _m . _yv

      ©Tjflfttet Iitttutffentf

      _© _tjflfttet _iitttUtffentf

      Donking.—A Lecture Was Delivered In The ...

      DonKiNG . —A lecture was delivered in the Odd Fellows' lodge-room , Three Tuns Inn , Dorking , on Friday evening , the 12 th inst ., by Mr . C . G . Reynolds , a working man of this town . Mr . R . showed the necessity of extending the elective franchise to every male adult registered resident—the evils of a state church , tho legal plundering of the people of two-thirds of the tithes—the evils of primogeniture and entail , showing the curse of locking up the land from the cultivators of the soil—the necessity of extending free trade to all imported goods as well as homo productions , and to all matters pertaining to the happiness of the human family , particularly education , which ought to be as free as the air we

      breathe . The lecturer was warmly cheered during the delivery of his lecture , at the close of which he kindly promised to lecture again on Friday next . Thanks were unanimously voted to the lecturer and chairman , and the meeting separated Nottingham . —A public meeting on behalf of the political prisoners was held in tho Townhall , on Monday evening last , for tho purpose of adopting a memorial to her Majesty . —On the motion of Mr . Sweet , Mr . John Wall was appointed chairman , who after a short address called upon Mr . Roberts to move the first resolution , as follows : — " That this meeting deplores the excessive and severe punishment inflicted upon the persons of all political offenders ; that wc deeply lament two of our

      fellowcountrymen should have been brought to a prcmature death by the infliction of a cruel punishment for refusing to perform a degrading and unhealthy labour , inflicted upon them contrary to thd sentence of the judge before whom they were tried , more especially as they were convicted on the evidence of witnesses of the worst possible moral character , as proved on their trials . And that they were tried at a time of great political excitement all over Europe , when the minds of jurors , and all those in the administration of the law , would be operated upon by such excitement , so as to give their verdict and award punishment under a _motaentavy impulse , _instead of a calm impartial exercise of their mental faculties ; " which , being seconded by Mr . Skerritt , was carried unanimously . —Mr . Harrison moved , and Mr . Fletcher seconded , the second resolution , as follows : — " That if it is necessary to inflict punishment for such offences as have been attributed

      to the persons now suffering incarceration and banishment for political offences , it is the opinion of this meeting , that sufficient punishment bas been inflicted to satisfy justice , and vindicato the authority ofthe iaw ; and it is likewise the opinion of this meeting that anything like vindictive party revenge will have a tendency to lower the institutions ofthe country in the good opinion of the population . " Carried unanimously . —Mr . Sweet then moved , and Mr , Saunders seconded , the adoption of tho memorial , in telling speeches , which was unanimously agreed to , and ordered to be forwarded to our esteemed member , F , O ' Connor , Esq ., for presentation to tho Home Office . The same individuals moved a vote of thanks to theMayor , for the use of the Hall , which was also carried unanimously , and a vote of thanks to the Chairman , who briefly acknowledged the compliment , and the meeting broke up .

      _Cripplegate , 28 , Goldex-lane . —The committee for placing Mrs , Sharp and Mrs . Williams in business met on Sunday , when the following sums were handed in : —A few Friends , " Cock and Castle , " Hackney-road , per J . Cadell , 3 s . 4 d . ; Collected by Mr . Earl , 4 s . 8 d . ; Mr . Groen , 7 d . ; Mr . Miller , 3 d . Moved , " That this committee will receive delegates from the different places of meeting , on presenting their credentials , to assist on this committee . "Mr , Yickess , on tbe part of tho Mutual Instruction Society , 28 , Fuller-street , Bethnal-greon-road , paid five shillings to the committee for the present use of Mrs . Williams and Mrs . Sharp . —For Geseral Victim Funo : 6 , Butler _' s-alley , 2 s . 6 d . ; Collected in locality , 2 s . 8 d .

      Brakfobd , Yorkshire . —On Sunday last , at a > meeting of Land members , the subject of Mr . O'Connor ' s letter was discussed , and a resolution passed pledging the meeting to assist in the reorganisation of the Chartist movement ; and six shillings was forwarded to the Executive .

      ' To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. Respec...

      ' TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Respected Sin , —Having been requested by the members of the Chartist Association in this town to write you a few lines?—wc think it best to preface them with a short history of the Chartist cause in this very slothful and slumbering borough of Great Yarmouth . In . March , 184 S , a lew friends who had the cause of Chartism at heart , and had for a long time admired your bold , straightforward , and noble advocacy of the rights of the people , bad a desire that your motion for the establishment ofthe Charter should bo backed by a petition numerously signed by the inhabitants of this place ; and for that purpose , together with a view to establish a branch ofthe National Chartist Association , those friends , eight in number , formed themselves into a

      provisional committee , and their first step was to call a public meeting , by posters and handbills being duly circulated through the town , and tbe largest room we could command in the town was crowded to excess , and had it been twice the size I believe it would havo been full , for very many went away who could not gain admittance ; as it was we had a most glorious and enthusiastic meeting , notwithstanding the fact of our shortness of help and want of speakers , for those eight men who have been mentioned are all working men , and quite unacquainted with public speaking , and the only stranger our means would allow us to invite at the time was also a working man , and one who has worked long and hard in tho good and holy cause , we allude to Mr , Hurrell ,

      of Norwich . This man has responded to our invitation then , as he has done several times since , with a willingness tbat does him great credit , and for which I hope he will , ere long , be rewarded in a much more substantial manner than it has been in our power to do , for , to the honest and zealous conduct aud arguments of this true and noble patriot , we arc , in a great measure , indebted , and shall never forget his kindness in coming amongst us ; but , Sir , enough ofthe meeting ; a petition was soon got up and obtained , I believe fifteen or sixteen hundred signatures , and was forwarded for presentation to the House of Commons ; and the committee having done all they could to assist you in this , formed a branch ofthe Chartist Associationwhich

      , , for a time , promised to do aU we could desire . But alas J tho time of excitement over , our members fell away , and now we are , and have been left for some time , with only some fourteen or fifteen members ; those few we , however , believe are good men—men who will stand to the cause and the principles they have advocated , so long as life remains to them , although their path may be strewn with difficulties , and persecution meet them at every point ; and happy , yea , proud , am I to say , that out of the eight men who first attempted this work in Yarmouth , one only has departed from us , the others remain to this day all safe , Aud now , Sir , it remains only for me , at this time , to inform you of the purport of this letter , which is this , as we hn ' w

      had no help in the town , no lecturing , beyond what we ourselves have done , and we having sent two sums to the Executive , and several to the Victim a una , we consider ourselves members of the Association , and should be very much _obliged if you could pay us a visit . And it now appears _lively that we shall have a public meeting some time in November next , convened by what is called "The _ijihcra _l Registration Soeietv , " and Joseph Hume , Esq . and Sir J . Walmslcy , M _. P ., arc to attend ; and , in order that all classes may be renrcscuted at the meeting , we should be most hap " py to sec vou amongst us , for , we think , that if vou was to visit

      me town , our society would be increased , and much good would bo done . I must now apologise ior the length I have trespassed upon your time , ana hoping you will receive this in a favourable "gut , and-consider it as a mark of our respect for you and the cause in which you have embarked . We subscribe ourselves your sincere , though humble , fellow workers in the good cause of Liberty , W . C . Sawyer , President . n J . Fulchek , Secretary . 1 . to . —An answer will much oblige at as early a time as convenient .

      My Friends , I have onl y just time to say that I will cheerfull y attend tho proposed meeting . Yours faithfull y , Feaugus O'Connor .

      The Chartist Prisoners And Their Familie...

      THE CHARTIST PRISONERS AND THEIR FAMILIES . Q , n T ? _" _3 , t , 1 T 0 R , TI 1 B K 0 BT 1 IERX STAR . _JSn « _T i r hci i ' d Mr -O'Connor ' s speech at tho lccont public meeting at John-street , I was not aware at whoso expense the Chartist prisoners in the IS ? , _«!? i / ere e _f P tcd from tUG _Ability of _fhfc _^ baur , _w ? ; O'Connor ' s munificence in this matter , ought to bo put to the credit side of his accpunt , iiithc public estimation _fmlnwi iu ' _r- M f ' Iast _wcck ' s _S'w , 1 iw warded to a friend who takes a generous interest in the welfare of all who incur suffering in their endeavour to servo the people , and he , desiring to _i ' r 7 ? n _Senevousl y assumed responsibility of 1 Mr _-, ° _" ' instructs me to pay ten shillings per month ior the three months , present and _ensumtr . uoioDcr

      , isovembop _, and December , to Mr . Rider towards the _uolief from labour of the prisoners in _K ? - 1 J t he case 0 { Mv ' Eraest Jones , in particular ; ta enty temper , education , station , and I will new , public literary services , must combine to 3 ? th _« «»? pula « ry -pieking of oakum perfeotly levol ing to him ; and it will scarcely be belioved _, that the many who havo given him their applause , 80 lavishly , _shoiMjftLuow tbey know the truth ,

      The Chartist Prisoners And Their Familie...

      hasten to give their pence to relievo him from tlr indignity . lli The same gentleman , "R . L . B ., " also comrais sionsme to purchase one pounds worth of a stoct of books of the late Henry Iletherington anH present them to the "Distribution collection" nt which Mr . Thomas Clark is secretary , for tho benefit of the " Wives and families of the Chartist Victims . " ( I have forwarded a contribution of m own books for tho same purpose . ) The _approsri ateness of presenting books of Mr . _Hetherin"toiito this lottery is worthy of notice . It is at once to honour the dead and serve the _livm _" _, CouJJ Hetherington know it he would rejoice in ' such a destination of his volumes . And for the sake of those concerned , I hope the circumstance will _rnovi _* an attraction to the " Distribution . " ' Yours , very faithfully , Geo . Jacob Holyoake Reasoner office , Oct . 18 th , 1849 ,

      The Seweb Accident Ix Pimlico. (Continue...

      THE SEWEB ACCIDENT IX PIMLICO . ( Continuedfrom the _Mtpagc _, ) The adjourned inquest on the bodies of tho fin men who recently lost their lives in _tlio _w _™^ _Kenilworth-stveet , Pimli co , was re , nWTt ' n o ' clock or . Thursday at the _ClarendSl _^ _U _, _^ adjourned until Monday next _.

      Choler A. Saiuhpay. —The Metropolis; Cho...

      CHOLER A . _Saiuhpay . —The Metropolis ; cholera 18 , diarrlio > a 13 . Tbe Provinces ; cholera 112 , diarrhoea _» Scotland ; cholera 5 . Total , —cholera 135 , _diarri hoeaC 6 , Monday , —The Metropolis ; cholera 12 , diarrhoea 19 . The Provinces ; cholera 153 , diarrhoea 5 . 3 Scotland ; cholera 78 . Total , —cholera 243 ; diarr hcea 92 .

      _TuEsnAY . —The Metropolis ; cholera 9 , _dianiio > 14 . The Provinces ; oholera 113 , diarrhoea iij , Scotland ; cholera 4 . Total , —cholera 120 , diarr ! _hosa 5 i , Wednesday . —Tho Metropolis ; cholera 8 ; diarr . hcea 8 . The Provinces ; cholera 88 ; diarrhoea 42 . Scotland ; cholera 17 . Total , —oholera 113 , diarr ! hcea 50 . Thursday . —The Metropolis ; cholera 5 , di . ir rhcea 2 . The Provinces ; cholera 78 , diarrhoea . 36 . Scotland ; cholera 1 . Total , —cholera Si , diarrhoea

      38 . Friday . —The Metropolis ; cholera 7 , _diarrlwa 10 . The Provinces ; cholera 66 , diarrhoea 32 . Scotland ; cholera 8 , Total , —cholera SI , diarrhoea 42 ,

      Latest Foreign Nws. France.—The Debate O...

      LATEST FOREIGN NWS . FRANCE . —The debate on the Roman question in the National Assembly commenced on Thursday , and was still going on when the latest accounts left . During the speech of M . Mathieu de la Drome an unpleasant altercation took place between il . Uixio and M . Thiers , which led to a hostile meeting between these two-gentlemen . The duel took place in the Cois de _Boulogne at five o ' clock p . m ., and with pistols . They fired one shot each , when the seconds came forward , and declared that tha parties had done all that honour required .

      Letters from Bordeaux announce the election of the Red Republican candidate Lagardo , in opposition to the Legitimist candidate M . Ravey , and M . Gauthier the Orleanist . M . Lagrade polled 20 , 000 ; Ga . uthier , 15 , 000 ; and Ravey , 7 , 000 votes . The Evenement says , " The Aid-de-camp of the Emperor of Russia has been presented to the Minister of Foreign Affairs by M . Kisselef , the Russian Charge oVAffaire * . After a long conference , the Russian envoy is said to have declared that the Emperor _Nicholas , founding his right upon the positive text of treaties , would regard as declaration of war the entrance of a French fleet in the Dardanelles . "

      HUNGARY . —Pesth has been the scene of fresh tragedies . On the 9 th of October Ladislaus Czanyi and Baron John Jcssenak were put to death by the rope . Another ofthe first" notables " of Hungary , the octagenarian _Engine von Beothy , is a prisoner , and looks forward to a violent death _.

      Ffiamm, «X

      _ffiamM _, « _x

      Cork. Mamvlane, Monday, Oct. 15.—Our Arr...

      CORK . MamvLane , Monday , Oct . 15 . —Our arrivals of both Kng . lish and foreign wheat during the past week have ken moderate , and with few samples from the home counties to this morning ' s market , we had rather more life in the trade at an advance of 1 s to 2 s per qr . for English upon last Monday ' s prices , and fully Is . per qr . upon fine fort'toi . Flour dull . Barley , both for maltingr and grinding , liutti with a ready sale at full prices . Beans and peas quite as dear . The supply of foreign oats was good , but , fine corn of all descriptions sold pretty readily at last week ' s prices . In rye little doing . Linseed and cakes unaltered . _BniTjsir . —Wheat . —Esses , Suffolk , and Kent , red , _neiv . S 5 s to 4 is , ditto white , 40 s to 50 s , Lincoln , Norfolk , and York _, shire , red , 35 s to 40 s , Northumberland and Scotch , white ,

      82 s to 3 Ss , ditto red , Sis to 33 s , Devonshire and _Somcrswshire , red , —s to —s , ditto white — to —s , rye , 21 s to 2 'is _, barley , 2 is io 82 s , Scotch , 23 s to 25 s , Angus—s to — . « , MnK ordinary , —s to —s , pale , 52 s to 55 s , peas , grey , new , 20 s to 28 s , maple 28 s to 30 s , white , 24 s to 2 Us . boilers ( new ) , 2 Ss to 81 s , beans , large , new , 23 s to 25 s , ticks 25 s to "Ss , harrow , 27 s to 80 s , pigeon , 30 s to 32 s , oats , Lincoln and Yorkshire , feed , 15 s to 20 s , ditto Poland and potato , 17 s to 22 s , Berwick and Scotch , 17 s to 24 s , Scotch feed , 17 s to 22 s , Irish feed , and black , 13 s to 20 s , ditto potato , l " s to 23 s , linseed ( sowing ) 50 s to 52 s , rapesenl , Essex , new , £ 27 to £ 30 per last , carraway seed , Essex , new , 2 fis to 30 s per cwt _, rape cake , Ri to £ 4 10 s per ton , Unseed , £ D 10 s to £ 10 10 s . per 1 , 000 , Hour , per sack _ofSstfllK , ship , 28 s to 30 s , town , 38 s to 40 s .

      FoREra . v . —Wheat , — Dauteigv Us to ( is , AnJialt and Marks , 3 G to 44 s , ditte white , 40 s to 44 s , Pomeranian red , 38 s to 42 s , Rostock 42 s to 48 s , Danish , Holstein , "nd _Friesiand , 30 s to 33 s , Pctersburgh , Archangel , and Kiga , 32 s to 84 s , Polish Odessa , S- ' s to 38 s , Marianopoli _, aud Hit . dlauskl , 32 s to 35 s , Taganrog , 33 s to 34 s , . Brabant _«»>! French , 33 s to 3 Ss , ditto white , 38 s to 42 s , Salonica , ' Osta 33 s , Egyptian , 23 s to 2 o ' s , rye , 20 s to 22 s , barley , Wismar andltostock , ISs to 22 s , Danish , 18 s to 22 s , _Sanl . 2 'lsw 24 s , East Fviesland , 15 s to 17 s , Egyptian , 14 s to 15 s , Danube , 14 s to 15 s , peas , white , 25 s to 27 s , new boiler ; , - '> sM 30 s , beans , horse , 24 s to 30 s , pigeon , 30 s to 32 s , _Ki'jr tian , 22 s to 24 s , oats , Groniugen , Danish , Bremen , and Friesiand , feed and black , Us to 10 s , ditto , thick and _bivw , 15 s to 22 s , ltiga , Petersburg , Archangel , and Swedish , _Ds tolfis , flour , United States , per _lDlilbs ., 21 s to 23 s , Hamburg 20 s to 22 s , DanUig and Stettin , 20 s to 23 s , Trench _)« 2801 bs ., 82 s to 35 s . .

      _Wedxesdav , Oct . 17 . —The arrivals of grain fresh in tins week are very limited . Wheat , and all other articles . _lu-M firmly tit Monday ' s prices , most of our country _mai'ktts being on tlie advance . Corn * Exchange , Mabk-lase , Friday , October _li _' th _. — There was very little wheat on sale , and realised fully J « . rates of Monday last . In Foreign wheat there was » Mr amount of business transacted at the extreme quotations of that day . The supply of barley moderate . Choice >| iw « - ties of oats were the turn dearer . Deans and pea * _M" _? supported Monday's quotations . _ItlCilMOND ( YoiiKSHiKE ) , October 12 . —We only inula " " supply of wheat this morning , Wheat sold from 5 a w » w Gs « d ; oats , is yd to 3 s 3 d ; barley , 3 s to 3 s Gd ; beans , to 4 s 0 d per bushel .

      BREAD . The prices of wheaten bread in the metropolis arc from 61 d . to 7 d _.-, of household ditto . 5 d . to Cd . _periibs . luat .

      CATTLE . SMrriiFrei . D _. Mondav , October 15 . —The supply of Foreign ; i beasts and sheep here to-day was again extensive , but * t . verv middling qualitv . Tlie mini bee of i oreign calves new i small . From our own grazing district , the arrivals o : ( beasts fresh up this morning were very extensive , even the li time of year considered ; but their general quality was iu- n ferior ; ' indeed , scarcely a single really prime Scot was i _oftl'i-itu-. The priuiest Leasts were in fair request , at laic a week's quotations , viz ., from Ss 8 d to 3 s lOd per S Ihs . ; but v all other kinds of beef , as the dead markets were extensively . ' 1

      supplied , moved oft'heavily , at a decline in the prices <> t <» Monday last ot' 2 d per Slbs . With all breeds of sheep . <* ¦ * cept Downs , wc were well supplied , their quality , lw « _-1 « ever , was indifferent . Generally speaking the uuittvBtv trade was in a very sluggish state , at a fall in the quota ; it ; tions paid on this day sc ' _iiniglit of 2 d per Slbs . The Ins " ' - ; " '• figure for mutton was 4 s _pcrtilbs . Prime small porker .- > ui _« . ui Steadily at full prices . In other l « "d 3 of pork nest to _« - n thing was doing . , „ . _.,, ., „ _,. Head ob _CATrLEATSMiTitFiEU _) . — Friday .-Beasts , MM ! sheep , C _. 480 ; calves , 205 ; pigs , - ' 40 . Monday _.-Least-ssi t , 91 !); sheep , 29 , 240 ; calves , 141 ; pigs , 243 . f 2 Sd to

      Price per stone _ofa ' lbs . ( sinking the omd ) .-Bee , s 3 s lOd ; mutton , 3 s Od to 4 s Oil ; veal , 3 s Od to *> ou pork , 3 s 2 d to 4 s 2 d . n ,. . , . . „ Jxewgate and Leadeshaix , Monday , Oct . I * - "' !"" beef , 2 s 4 d to 2 s Gd ; middling ditto , 2 s 8 d to 2 s VOd ; unai * large , 8 s Od to 3 s 2 d ; prime small , 3 s 4 d to us od ; _uw pork , , 3 s 4 d to 3 s 8 d ; inferior mutton , 2 s 10 d to f - " middling ditto , 3 s 4 dto 3 sCd ; prime ditto , Ssbdtoa _* _"" veal , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 3 d ; small pork , 3 s lOd to i » w > per Slbs . by the carcase . . , ,. .... SiimiviEhu _, Friday , October 10 th .-With beast . » b choicest qualities were scarce , and some of this deati _ijh made 4 s . The number of sheep was small , prices » _nsiUy ruled about tho same as ou Monday l » 5 t . A * '"_ } dant supply of calves and very little trade for them . ; ' M ' were still lower . The dead market being g lutted witn ! ' _¦ ¦ i there was a very slow sale for them , at lower rate * .

      POTATOES . SouTHwAitK Waterside , October 15 . -The arrival * _IjtaU week were rather limited ; the r met a ready sale . u _ , u following prices : —Yorkshire Regents , 70 s to 85 s l' _« V >« Wisbeach ditto , fi 5 s to 70 s ; Scotch ditto , GDs to 703 ; _m < - k wlutus _, 50 s to 70 s . HOPS . BOROUGH , Monday , October lo . —Our hop _W _* v t io tinues iu a very inactive state , and prices are _sy 1 ' 1 _^ _4 " 11 lower for Sussex hops . Rents , however , especial !} all ; finer sorts , maintain their value , and a slight advam _* aii ' in some cases taken place . The duty of _SSO _. W u _»» _^»« porters . SEEDS . _London , October 15 . —There wasa good supply ofp ' of ( seed from Essex and Kent , and factors had to suii > usul a further decline ; the article may bo quoted . 7 _( ' » _\'' 70 » The transactions in other sorts of seeds were q . u . h . _' - tn w l and prices . remaiiied nominally uualteml .

      At Printed Hy William Kider, Of No. 5,3 Iacclesfitkl-%-L

      at Printed hy WILLIAM KIDER , of No . 5 , 3 _Iacclesfitkl- % _-l

      Mtue Pansn Of St. Anne, Yvesumnsicr, V.^...

      mtue _pansn of St . Anne , _yvesumnsicr , _v . _^ - - - office , 10 , Great Windmill-street , _Uayinarket ,, in " _£ _«> of n estmmster , forthel r _» prietor , _FEARUl / SO U _>>) _w . ' Esq . _M . P ., and published by the said W uaiah um . tho Oitce , in the _sauw _stvooUttu _jm'ish < - ~ S ' - ~ 8 October _SMutm

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 20, 1849, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_20101849/page/8/