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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th October 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3, Bduealional Economy; or* State Education...

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      October 20, 1849. " The Northern Star. 3

      October 20 , 1849 . " THE NORTHERN STAR . 3

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      There Is 3t0 Peace . (From The Seasoner....

      THERE IS 3 _T 0 PEACE . ( From The Seasoner . ) Ereach not to me of war ' s decease "While priest or despot reigns ! Oh , sanctify the sword to peace But first strike off our chains . Men lack their rights—thought is not free And mind , _aU-savingmind—Kingly caprice and fantasy Its eagle pinions bind .

      Tv e have the power of actand word ; We can do all , or say ; And need not battle ' s trenchant sword To win for truth its way . But , peace ! my friends , while Poland ' s ghost Is urned in northern snows ! And Hungary , her cause now lost , Writhes under Cossack blows ! Would ye have peace , while Milan feels The bayonet at her throat , And bleeds beneath the iron heels Of Pandour and of Croat ? "While Venice , glorious Venice 1 weeps Amidst her weeping waves ; And Austria ' s felon banner sweeps Above her martyr-graves ?

      While Rome sinks down , in fiery rain , Torn , mangled , crushed by force , And faithless France , and bigot Spain Piles arms upon her corse ? While Naples is a den of thieves-Pope , king , and priestly crew ? 'Tis scarcely mercy which bereave 3 The axe of its great due ! look , England _' o ' er the western sea Behold a haggard land . Wouldstthou have peace twist her and thee ? Raise justice on her strand . Peace is no common weed to bloom O ' er just men ' s blood-stained graves ; Peace will not blossom in the gloom Which shrouds a land of slaves .

      The woes which other lands have wrenched , My soul no longer hears ; I cease—for passion ' s fire is quenched In Erin ' s bitter tears . Yes tell me not that war shall end Where priests or despots be : The sword is sacred to defend , More sacred to set free . October 2 , 18 i 9 . Eugene .

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      Bduealional Economy; Or* State Education...

      _Bduealional Economy ; or * State Education vindicated from the objections of 'ike Votaries of Voluntaryism . B y _Thoslas Emery . London ; Arthur Hall and Co ., 25 , Paternoster-row . Leicester : J . Burton , Haymarket . This pamphlet is by the author of the Prize Essay on " Crime , " noticed in the Star of Saturday last , and may be considered as _^

      supplementary to that work . In the Prize Essay Mr . Emery set himself to the task of showing , that "Ignorance is the Parent of Crime ;" and he concluded his arguments by enforcing the necessity of a sound system of secular Katjonal Education . In the pamphlet before as the Author reviews and answers the objections to State Education , and , in our opinion , does so most _successfully . He tiros forcibl y p ictures

      THE POWER FOR EVIt , OF EVIL CIRCUMSTA 5 CES . Concentrations of numbers in our cities and towns —though affording faculties for co-operation in intellectual pursuits—present fearful illustrations of vicious education and example . Thousands of human beings are huddled together , commingling in immor ality , and imparting a zest to each others' depraved appetites . Here are the prolific conditions for the inordinate exercise of the inferior propensities , to the sacrifices of the moral susceptibilities , and the rendering of the intellect subservient to this animal ascendancy . Children are doomed to receive their earliest impressions from beings , whose lives are

      devoted to mere animal gratification . Designs of guilt are made familiar to the rising generation , and the cunning and despatch evinced in their execution by matured _delinquents , are proof of a dreadful distortion of mind . The skill imparted and acquired , by vicious example and constant excitement in city life , is apparent -when contrasted with criminal practices in the agricultural districts . Onr modern Blasts and youthful Jingos—tbe denizens of Saint Giles , and the heroes of Hog-lane—must be allowed to have attained a greater proficiency in villany than country offenders and juvenile apple stealers . He thus powerfully _argnes

      THE ONIV 3 HSAI . BIGHT OP _EDUCATION . From the natural equality of condition and capacity at birth , I infer that every member of the human family has a right to the best education known at the time , as a necessary qualficatioa for the enjoyment of existence , and the proper performance of the business of life . The human being at infancy is susceptible of impressions which shall tincture and modify the events of his futare c « reer ; he is capable of being the victim of vicious associations , the effects of which may prove bis _cnrse through life , or of being the happy recipient of a direction to his faculties , which shall , in a great measure , lead to the

      development of those qualities and characteristics which should _distinguish him as an intellectual and moral being . * * * It is the duty of government to provide the best education for every individual , as a guarantee that the rights of the individual are appreciated—that all available , means are _emploved in cultivating the capacities of human nature—that every one possesses the requisite _equipment in the struggle for happiness —that each shall have a fair start in the world—that the probabilities of success are , as far as practicable , proportionalised—and that any loss of prize , or deprivation of pleasure , shall not occur through any avoidable personal disqualification .

      In answer to that class of political economists who question the wisdom of State legislation for the furtherance of popular education and who argae that education is one " of a class of questions which , although belonging to society , do not rightl y come within the legislative province , of Government , Mr . Emery happily observes : — "If civil government is to be limited in its operations to the correction of human conduct , it is to a considerable extent shorn of its legislative office . Government in this sense has nothing to do

      lrat to devise and execute schemes of punishment for evil . It has no authority to do good that evil may not come . It is the avenger of the wrong , without the power to promote the _rVht . It is an instrument blindly battling -with effects—the victim of its own helplessness —the hangman of society . " He adds : — " Is it a wise economy that Government should be restricted in its movements to the repression of evil , and the immediate good required by society he left to sectional legislation or total neg lect ? " He thus argues for

      STATE _EDUCATION . I wonld entrust the business of educating the - peop le to the present comparatively irresponsible government , notwithstanding the fears and objections of some as to the powerful machine we should ¦ nlace' in the hands of an amhiguons agent . The _iandermgs of government instructors might exert a temporary influence in upholding relig ious establishments and oppressive political institutions ; but lessons in Church of England Catechisms , and partizab politics , conld not be taught the people with-Slacing h . their hands the handles with which _SKLfi work ontotherobjects . Therudiments „ _rtearmn" acquired by State pupils might be _as-£ fh _Political and theological error , but

      T * TimnuV « rivento mind would constitute tne * JS _? atultimately the wheat might be sepapossibmtytaac uiruuaicj _religion might be _Hf-W _tVSe-poltos _Sufactured to _ordered _wtSXi the populace remain he _SSeig _Was the _espousers of _ggpflgj advocates of no party H *> JP _™* _£ doIent opinions for the exercise of bigotry , or too muu _ _* _Somatically defend them . _., _^ us not be misled Lterms . Discrimination _**\^ PJ _\ l _™ _2 S _ol the least evil , Let us not " strain . at ¥ _** _" _*» _« _cnial bias coupled _™& Incipient uAetiigence , _Se _we " _swallow" actual slavery with no hope of release from the darkest ignorance .

      _Tn _' answcr to the argument that Government _WnTright to interfere in this question lie-Sen paSnt and child , Mr . Emeu * replies , _ttat " _PEBSOSAL _UnEHTT , .

      Bduealional Economy; Or* State Education...

      _chUd being _^ , _^> ygovernment togo to school ' theleastscruple . ft is a Ser of _crS * _tlST child should le punished by _garment _£ ?? £ to the superseding of punishment Is _anXr que * tion . I deny the right of any individual to _effe to rear his child in _isnoranoo' lm _*« j u . _^ fli / , « n _» „„ _^ _.. _Jl _^ _r _^ _. by so doing he is m-

      asfs _^ _auattSSS His gregarious nature will cause * him ? to a £ ' St ? ° _- _°£ _*' tbe _^ lfare _oftcieTy . The parent has no right to commit anything which shall 5 & ff ? _SrtS . _? t fu _J ? _™^ m Of his fh ? _nm ?« S er _}** he theri § htto _*» the means of _™ _LTfv ° _™* . ss entia * the exercise of his relationships as a social being .

      The author observes , that it has been his object to show the inseparable connexion of education with the functions of civil government , rather than to define the kind of education to be thus nationall y provided . But defining the capacity of civil government to be strictl y of a mundane character , the system of education to be adopted should be in accordance with the limits thus expressed , and the instruction given he of a purel y secular nature . "We conclude our extracts with the following APPEAL TO THE EMENDS OF PROGRESS .

      Is there no common ground upon which all parties may meet with a view to mitigate , if not to annihilate these common evils ? If our speculative niceties , and political idiosyncracies cannot be justly incorporated in a system for general enforcement , is there no general , secular , Knowledge , upon the necessity of the national possession of which we are all agreed ? There are humanising agencies which receive general sanction . Co-operation and system are requisite to make them publicly available . Readingand writing , moraliustruction , and scientific attainment are the objects of all who think . The instruction of the people in their rights and duties as men and citizens is a public work , and , as far as executed , is a public good . Surely the public legislature might extend this business , and endeavour

      to initiate our youthful population into honest , temperate , industrious habits , without offending the most fastidious , or alarming the most bigoted . Surely the State might institute means which shall tend to keep from the tavern and gambling-house , those who might be the ready recipients of vicious habits and arts of deceit , without doing violence to any creed , or compromising any party . The influence of refined and fraternal intercourse—the pleasures and advantages of scientific research—the modulations of the musician — the grace of the sculptor—and the pathos of the poet will ultimately more and elevate tbe populace . It will be well for society when an advanced political economy shall hasten this work , by incorporating with it ? objects the improvement , as well as the punishment of the people .

      We have much pleasure in recommending this pamphlet to those who desire the extinction of popular ignorance , and , thereby , the removal of one of the principal causes of proletarian debasement , and national insecurity .

      Sunshine And Shadow; A Tale Of The Ninet...

      SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TALE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY . BT THOMAS _JJUAIXN _WSXBKEK _, late Secretary to tht National Charter Association and National Land Company . Chapter XXE . Mow merrily the Wedding bells rang on I The parting guests mov'dhomeward to the chime . Two hands were joined whose hearts had long been one ; And life look'd glad as Spring in rosy prime . And life renew'd , when this should all be done , Look'd brighter still—beyond the reach of time . Is it not sweet to think the bond of love Contracted here , will yet endure above ?—Beste . The Camp may have its fame , the court its glare , The theatre its wit , the board its mirth ; But there ' s a calm , a quiet Heaven , where Bliss flies for shelter—the domestic hearth ! If this be comfortless—if this be drear , It need not hope to find a haunt on earth ; Elsewhere we may be reckless , gay , caressed—But here—and only here—we can be blessed / Read .

      Arthur Morton had heen in constant work _during the four months that had elapsed since his residence in London , and having the promise from his employer of a regular situation , he felt justified in making a tender of his hand to her who already possessed tris heart . He might not have been thus hasty in his proposal , but he detested long courtships , and knowing that owing to the slackness of work , experienced by her father , Mary was thinking of going to service , ne preferred , rather than this alternative , taking her to a less comfortable home than he had otherwise wished to provide ; and _Slary , without any false delicacy , accepted his offer , and there being no rich relations to consultno lengthy legal settlements to be drawn up , they

      speedily became man and wife . Merry rang the marriage bells—merry were the select few present at the wedding feast ; care and dark anticipations were for that day at least , banished from their thoughts , and joy and cheerful mirth presided . Mary , though adoring her husband , could not but regret leaving the home of her youth ; the children she had been almost a mother to , and the parents who had ever treated her with kindness , and whom she loved and reverenced ; but her husband ' s devoted attention , and a pretty cottage neatly but plainly furnished , in the suburbs of London , soon reconciled her to the separation ; and by her industry and cheerfulness , she soon rendered Arthur ' s home what home ever should be—a pleasant

      retreat from the cares of business—a spot where strife and unkindness can never enter—a heaven where all is peace and love . And Arthur Morton , oh , he was truly happy ; never before had he known the thousand charms comprised in the word " Home . " Left an orphan to the care of his austere relative—never experiencing tbe comforts of female management or domestic felicity , proscribed in his own country—thrown a wanderer on the wide world—received at length into the haven of domestic bliss , it was a haven of delight compared with his past bitter experience . Politics were almost forgotten hi the honeymoon of his bliss—indeed , a complete lethargy had fallen upon the whole country . The Sturge Conference had aroused tbe

      Chartists of the Empire from their former torpidity ; but its failure , though hailed as a triumph , served only to widen the breach between the different shades of Reformers—a reaction had taken place , and all had again sunk into inanimity . In home , therefore , all his joys—all his desires were concentrated , and happy is the man who can boast of such a home , and resolve to enjoy himself therein ; for though we may experience gaiety and pleasure in the thousand amusements of the world , it is at home—and at home only—that a man can be truly blessed ; and Mary , surrounded by nanght but pleasant associations , each day unfolded new attractions to her admiring husband . Possessed of an excellent voice , and having a slight knowledge of

      music , she sung with a degree of feeling that , in Arthur ' s estimation , made ample amends for any deficiency in scientific execution ; and he could sit for hours listening to her sweet voice now warbling forth the melodies of Moore or of Burns , anon deli hting his ear and gratifying bis vanity , by trilling his own democratic words to the airs of her favourite music . Possessed of a good taste and a fondness for reading , she plied the busy needle with increased agility and delight , whilst Arthur read to her the glorious stanzas of the immortal Byronthe inspired readings of the divine Shelly—the splendid utilitarianism of Lytton Balwer _^ -or the heart-arresting , home-breathing tales of Dickens ; nor were other works of a more scholastic character

      wanting to complete their studies . Thus employed , the winter evenings glided rapidly away , and under Arthur ' s instructions , Mary rapidly progressed in intellectual attainments . The company of a few democrats of their mutual acquaintance , and occasional visits from tbe parents of Mary , made a pleasant variety to their studies , and served to increase the sum of their enjoyments . The dark shadow that had so long rested * over the fate of Arthur Morton seemed to be flitting away , and a g leam of sunshine gilded his existence . Early spring was now beginning to displace the chill of winter , and under its genial influence and Mary ' s care the little garden attached to their residence bloomed as bright as its master ' s fortunes ; and here , every evening , might Mary be seen improved in all the graces of womanhood , and looking as

      lovely as Flora herself in the midst of her flowers ; her bri"ht eye ever glancing down the road that led to the river side , watching for her husband ' s return from his employment in the city , and _receiving him after his day s absence with a fondness that knew _nought of satiety . " Pew and simple are the annals oftSe poor "—so sings one of our sweetest bards , vet if _feelings—if emotions are matters of historyif love—love uninfluenced by rank or wealth—be ihe poet ' s theme , where would he find materials so complete , so pure , as among the sons and daughters of toil ? If penury , want _> and the thousand dire associations connected therewith , be matters which bring the passions of humanity into grand , vet fearful action , where could the novelist or the tragedian find fitter subjects for illustration ? Fiction sinks into insignificance when compared mm

      Sunshine And Shadow; A Tale Of The Ninet...

      the strange yet fearfull y tragic and comic scenes which are every hour occurring in the verv heart of the great metropolis . Ob , that those who see and dwell amongst them had but _' thepen of a Bulwer or a Dickens to record these strange truths—more of the intricacies of the human heart would be laid bare to the gaze of the philosopher—more of the springs from whence the rapid rivers of vice and crime take their source would bo exposed to the view of the moralist ; a truer picture of humanity in all its phases , now gloriously bright , anon fearfully dark , would be given to the world , than can ever be gleaned from the thousand fashionable novels which now form the delight of the youth , ay , and of the middle aged of both sexes . Summer succeeded to

      spring , and still found Arthur and his wife the happy tenants of their peaceful abode ; whilst the increasing beauty of the plants which adorned tbe little raised platform under their prettily curtained windows , looking out upon as green a bit ot turf as ever adorned a suburban residence ; relieved by the scarlet geraniums , with which the centre and each corner were adorned , and the few additional ornaments which decorated the rooms , showed that fortune was still favourable to their exertions . A change too had taken place in their domestic arrangements ; the young bride no longer looked with a watchful eye towards the smoke that ascending from the steamers gently floating in the air , showed the direction in which lay the mighty Thames ; her

      piace was supplied by a younger sister , for the bride had become a mother , and increasing domestic arrangements caused the care of the garden to devolve on the former ; but the love that prompted Mary ' s to be the first eye to greet her husband ' s arrival had not evaporated , it had only found a fresh variety of display , the little Arthur—for so the infant was called—had to be decorated to receive its evening ' s kiss from its pleased father ; and thus a new attraction was created for home , a new stimulus given for industrious exertion , and a novel , yet endearing tie , formed between the happy pair , in addition to those heretofore existing . And thus in calm retirement , undisturbed by any of the rougher gales which too often wreck our fairest prospects , passed tbe two next years of Arthur ' s life ; the only incidents that created any intensity of excitement , was the birth of a daughter named after itsannt , Fanny , and an event as painful as the former was

      nleasureable—the death of Mary ' s mother . This last was a heavy blow to hoth Mary ana Arthur , for she was endeared to them by a thousand acts of kindness , and was respected by the husband as much as she was loved by the wife . Peace be to her manes ; a better wife , a more devoted mother or a truer democrat never existed ; those that had the pleasure of her acquaintance , or recognise her portraiture , will long sorrow for her loss ; cut off in the prime of her existence , she sleeps in peace , and has been thus spared many a bitter pang which has fallen heavily on those she left behind . This was the first knell that broke with its dismal echoes upon the peaceful serenity of then * domestic bliss j and Arthur ' s heart shuddered uneasily beneath its influence , and feared , almost with a superstitious fear , that his career of happiness was ended—it was one of those presentiments that reason in vain endeavours to combatwhich return again and again until they almost create the evil which their agency seems to portend . { To Be continued . )

      Royal Polytechnic Institution. This Is I...

      ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION . This is indeed a theatre wherein are displayed at once the most interesting and ingenious contrivances which from time to time have arisen as the offspring of the inventive ingenuity of man . How many are the wonders herein contained ! How much is there to interest our minds , and rivet our attention with fulness of wonderment and surprise 1 It is hardly just to attempt a description of so much art and skill , unless time be given to examine the beauties of the various inventions for which this place is noted , which we will briefly describe . The popular lectures delivered by tbe Professors of the

      Establishment comprise the subjects of Electricity and Chemistry by Dr . Bachhoffner and Mr . Ashley , who deliver their ideas in a most comprehensive and scientific manner . Many of the arts are carried on here , which greatly add to its interest and popularity ; among them we have particularly observed Gem and Seal Engraving by Mr . Gifford , —Diesinking by Mr . Sthodart , —Painting by Mr . Rivers , —Glass Blowing by Mr . Hudson , —and Lithographic Printing by Mr . Cox . The Model department is highly worthy of notice . Iin fact , the visitor may pass some hours here more rationally than in any exhibition in the Metropolis .

      The Arctic Expeditions. (Prom The Athenc...

      THE ARCTIC EXPEDITIONS . ( Prom the Athenceum . ) The extreme interest which has been felt by the public in the fate of the long missing Arctic Expedition has been Strongly illustrated by the avidity with which the report of its ascertained existence in March last was received . Seizing eagerly on the asserted fulfilment of a long-deferred hope , the Press at once announced the actual safety of Sir John Franklin and his party ; and as news generally travels with the properties of an avalanche , swelling in importance with every step , many hours had not

      elapsed before the return of the Erebus and Terror in the course of tbe present month was spoken of as an almost certain event . For ourselves , we had misgivings , which we thought it _right to bint at even in that first moment of excitement : and we have since , with the coolness which a week ' s reflection gives , set ourselves carefully to weigh the arguments for and against the trustworthiness of the evidence offered . Wo are bound to say , even for the sake of those whose disappointment will bo sorest if disappointment there shall finally be , that this inquiry has yielded a result wholly unsatisfactory to ourselves .

      It will be remembered that the Advico whaler accompanied the Truclove in her recent passage to Lancaster Sound in search of the expedition , on the faith of the narration of the Esquimaux . On board the former ship Mr . Robert Goodsir , the brother of Professor Goodsir , of Edinburgh , was embarked , with the touching purpose of assisting personally to seek after information respecting Sir John Franklin ' s ships , in one of which his brother Henry had gone out as surgeon and naturalist . His letters to his relatives in Scotland , descriptive of his hopes and fears , have been obligingly placed in our hands , to assist us in estimating by private evidence from the spot the reports which were likely to reach us through public channels . We will g ive Mr . Goodsir ' s version of the same report which has reached the Admiralty through the Truclove , for the truth of some variations which it contains : — Off Cape JIaccullocb , Aug . 11 S 19 .

      , We this morning had what might have been considered as cheering intelligence of the expedition . Mr . Parker , the master of the _Truelove , of HuJl , came on board to breakfast , and informed us that some Esquimaux , who had been on board the Chieftain , of Kirkaldy , had sketched a chart and pointed out to Mr . Kerr where both Sir' John Franklin ' s and Sir James Boss ' s ships were lying , —the former being at Whaler Point , the latter at Port Jackson , at the entrance to Prince Regent ' s Inlet . Sir John Franklin had been beset in his present position for three winters , Sir James Ross had travelled in _sleSgesfrom his own ships to Sir John Franklin ' s . They were all alive and well . The Esquimaux himself had been on board all the four ships three months ago—i . e ., about the end of April or beginning of May . Mr . Parker seemed confident as to the correctness of this information ; and as his ship is nearly full , and he

      wdl proceed homewards very shortly , Mr . Kerr had given him the chart which he said he intended to forward to the Admiralty , and to inform them of what he had learnt . All this was very pleasing intelligence ; but when I began to consider , I soon saw much to throw doubt upon . its correctness and authenticity . First there was the extreme difficulty of extracting correct information of any kind from the Esquimaux , even by those best acquainted with their habits and language . A leading question they are sore to answer in the affirmative . Then , there is the great unlikelihood of Sir John Franklin ' s beiug beset at a sp _<" so comparatively near to the constant resort of the whalers dming the mouths of July and August—Pond ' s Bay and its neighbourhood—for three summers and three ranters without _saving down despatches to them by the light boats fitted on sledges .

      It will be observed that this letter enters into greater detail than that of Mr . Ward , communicated by the Admiralty to the public . The actua position of the two expeditions is here given ; and it is stated that communication between them had been effected by means of sledges . Mr . Goodsir s letter also places the date at which the ships ot the two expeditions had been seen by the natives five or six weeks later than the Admiralty account—a fact itself showing looseness and uncertainty . Doubtsvery reasonably founded , we think—of the trustworthiness of the Esquimaux ' s report had already arisen in the minds of Mr . Goodsir and his companions ; nevertheless , with a spirit of noble enterprise , the Advice joined the Truelove in an attempt to reach Regent ' 3 Inlet for the solution of the question . Under the date of the 2 nd of August , when off Cape Walter Bathurst , Mr . Goodsir writes : —

      You ma v conceive _hotv delighted I am to iiud the Advice now running rapidly into Lancaster Sound with a smart breeze , and one , too , likely to last . If there is only land ice in Navy Board ana Admiralty Inlet we are sure to get whales , which will justify the master in taking this step . Had the other vessels been poorly fished many of them would hare made the attempt to rim up the _Sountt ; as " is , none of them will now do It . Mr . Goodsir ' s hopes of getting through the Sound —which as we have seen had a private motive to enhance the public one—were not of long duration . On the 10 th of August he writes from Navy Board Inlet : —

      Since f last wrote we have had such a series of gales and storms that I have been unable to put pen to paper . About four o ' clock on Saturday morning , the ttb , it came on to Wow from the eastward , with thick weather . We had little or no ice hitherto , and what we had seen was exceedingly light . Everything looked well , and we were very sanguine that we should be able to gain some intelligence of the expedition . Before it came on thick we could make out what we took to be Prince Leopold ' s Island at the mouth of Prince Regent's Inlet , and the ice apparently stretching right across the Sound ; but the thickness came on so rapidly , and the gale increasing ; to a perfect hurricane , prevented us making out anything accurately .

      The Arctic Expeditions. (Prom The Athenc...

      , _T _^ _soaffled , the party were obliged to give up J ft _^ he sm Ps were driven down the Sound , and all that could be done was to land some Admiralty cylinders and provisions on Cape Hay . Though eager to have this sea swept for mformation , it is remarkable that in no part of his letter does Mr . Goodsir allude to that given by tho Esquimaux , excepting as being unworthy of confidence . The arguments on tins side of the question are too many to permit U 3 to differ from Mr . Goodsir ' s views . It must surely strike most persons , on reflection , as remarkable that the Esquimaux should have no V paper " or voucher to show in confirmation of the alleged fact of theu-having been on board the expedition shi ps . Tho chance of such a

      document coming someivhere to hand could -never have been _overlooked b y men in the position of Sir John _iraniuiirs crows ; and , indeed , it is inconceivable that ' the officers of the several ships would have allowed such an opportunity to escape as the visits of Esquimaux afforded without employing them as instruments of communication with the whalers . In the Admiralty instructions to Sir James Ross , that officer is desired to secure the Investigator in tho winter of 1848 as near . Cape Rennellas possible . From that position a considerable extent of coast , say the instructions , may be explored on foot : and in the following spring ( 1849 ) detached parties arc to be sent across the ice by Captain Bird , " in order to look thoroughly into the creeks _alone the

      western coast of Boothia , and even as far as Cape Nicolai . ho soon as the summer should have opened a passage between the land and the main body ot ice , the steam launches are ordered to be sent into Lancaster Sound to meet the * whalers . We have here something tangible to deal with . The instructions which we have quoted were prepared by a board of eminent Arctic officers J and WQ find that a _^ ourne _^ fro m Cape Rennell to Cape Nicolai , following the indentations of the coast in the spring of this year , is considered as perfectly practicable . We say nothing about the return journey—but we presume that the boats would not winter apart from the ships , Now , if Sir James Ross , according to the report , passed the winter of 1848 at Port

      Jackson , Regent ' s Inlet , and was aware ( as the Esquimaux says he was ) of Franklin ' s safety , it does appear extraordinary that the parties were not despatched by him across the ice in the present spring or summer to communicate with the whalerswhich , be it observed , he is ordered to do . The distance between the two points is very much less than that from Cape Rennell to Cape Nicolai . Mr . Goodsir on more than one occasion expresses his astonishment that" no word has come down from Sir James Ross "—as he declares that the officers of the expedition were perfectl y aware that the whalers would bo in Pond ' s Bay during the entire month of July . In fact—to repeat

      ourselves—supposing Sir James Ross to be where the report places him , the road to the whalers was as open to him as to the Esquimaux who brought that report , That he should have made no communication by his own messengers , nor given any document to authenticate the communication made by the Esquimaux , throws , in our opinion , very serious discredit on the report itself . Finally , it is yet more difficult to conceive that if Sir John Franklin has been frozen up for three winters in the spot indicated , he should have spared no volunteers from his expedition to carry the news of his whereabouts to any station through which it might have reached those whom his silence delivered over to doubt , deepening into despair , at home .

      This is so melancholy a view of the case , that we are glad to find , and to report , that an opposite end is entertained by those who may be considered the great . Arctic authorities . We havo caused inquiries to be . made , and such is the result . Sir George Back , who has had great intercourse with the native Esquimaux , declares "that he never knew an Indian or an Esquimaux tracing to fail ; and after deliberately weighing all the information , he is of opinion that four ships , answering to those composing the two expeditions , were seen some time in tbe spring of this year by the Esquimaux ; but whether in Prince Regent ' s Inlet , or to ... the westward of Boothia , is uncertainjJ > _Captem Parry . Colonel

      Sabine , and Admiral Beaufort are all in favour of the truth of the Esquimaux report . We are sorry to hear from unquestionable authority that the munificent reward offered by government for the relief of the missing expedition , has had no effect in instigating any of the whalers to search for tho ships , with the exception of the Truelove and the Advice . Sent out for the one important object of whaling , tho captains doubtless feel that unless armed with the fullest discretionary powers from their employers—the owners of the ships—they would not be warranted in running any risk by deviating from the course in pursuit of whales .

      The dangers of the Arctic seas have been again brought painfully before us by the loss of two whalers this year , iu Melville Bay * , and all accounts agree in stating that Lancaster Sound was barred in the month of August by a solid body of Ice , stretching across the straits to Admiralty Inlet . Thus , in consequence of tho lateness of sailing , it is doubtful whether the North Star , the ship sent out this year with provisions for the expeditions , has effected a communication with the ships . Mr . Goodsir says , " Theve are a hundred chances against the North Star being able to communicate with the expeditions this yoar . Had she only been sent out in time , she would have got through Melvillo Bay along with the fleet of whalers with the greatest case and safety up the Sound , early in July .

      Exhibition Of The Industry Of All Nation...

      EXHIBITION OF THE INDUSTRY OF ALL NATIONS . On Wednesday a very numerous and influential meeting of merchants , bankers and traders , was held in the Mansion House , at the invitation of the Lord Mayor , to meet a deputation of the Royal Society of arts , on behalf of Prince Albert . His Royal Highness proposes to have an exhibition of arts and manufactures in London , to which the whole world should be admitted as exhibitors or competitors , has been for _sovoral months before the public . A deputation from the Society of Arts , to the members of whose council Prince Albert , as President of the Institution , first proposed it , has been recently engaged in visiting the principal towns and cities bf the kingdom , explaining the scheme ; and soliciting advice and co-operation throughout the whole kingdom . It appears they have met with a hearty response to the proposal ; and there can now be no doubt that the scheme of his Royal Highness will be fully realised . The Lord

      Mayor having opened the business , and introduced the deputation , on whose behalf Mr , Henry Cole explained the proposed exhibition in detail . It is to consist of the following four divisions : —Raw materials , Machinery and mechanical inventions _. Manufactures . Sculptures , and the plastic arts generally . It is to bo open to all nations . The building for the first quinquennial exhibition will be temporary , and is proposed to bo erected in Hyde Park at a point easy of access , alike to rich and poor . £ 20 , 000 will he distributed in prizes , £ 500 will be given as the first prize . £ 1 , 000 as the first in each of the four divisions , and gold metals will also be given by the Queen ; the whole of the expense to be defrayed by voluntary contributions . The city meeting unanimously approved of tbe object , and after eulogising the public spirit and intelligence of the Prince Consort , appointed a very influential committee to co-operato with others in carrying out the object . '

      " Wnv V Asn " Because !"—The Pope Is Not...

      " _Wnv V _Asn " Because !"—The pope is not yet in Rome , nor is he likely soon to been there . How is this ? , Tho arms of four great powers not . only at his service ' , but triumphant in his behalf ' . The keys of Rome laid at his feet , and his triumvirate of vicars fulminating their decrees in his name ! His are all the prisons , his the gaolers , his the courts civil and spiritual , his mediately the strength and weapons of thirty thousand picked seldiers of France ., All the elements of physical force are his . Why , then , docs he not return to Rome ? Why has ho

      lingered so long on the shore of Gaota ; and why , now that he has abandoned it , has he retreated to a still greater distance from the eternal city ? Tho reason is plain : soldiers , inquisition , the gay priests , cardinals , and all , are not enough . In order to rc-seat himself upon the pontificial throne , he must revive the dead , he must recreate a defunct faith , ho must not only assert his claims , but make them creditable , or tolerable . He must , in short , reconquer mind , which has conquered him . He cannot—he can never do this . Therefore is he at Naples and not at Rome . —Norfolk News .

      i < ERVOC 6 NESS , LowXESS OF SPIBIIS , DlSORDEBED STOMACHS , AND _ISDIGESTION CURED BT HoLMWAT ' S PlLLS . —The Causes from which these complaints arise are too numerous for recital , yet nothing lays the foundation of them sooner than a studious or sedentary life , which disorders the nervous system , when other distressing complaints Mow . such as deranged stomachs , indigestion and loivness of spirits . There is no medicine so certain as Ilolloway's Pills in allaying the irritability of the nervous system , strengthening the tone of the stomach , creating appetite , improving digestion , and invigorating the constitution generally . Their purifying nature gives a freedom of circulation to the blood , and strength , tone , and energy , to the whole system , hence the sufferer is speodils restored to health .

      Tins BtooD . —Itis commonly supposed that the blood is made to circulate through every artery and vein by the power of . the heart alone , but this is a _misake _, for Dr . WilsottPniUp has proved very clearly that iif it were , the power necessary for effecting such an object would be sure to burst the veins . He has also shown that the power reuaes principally in tho blood vessels themselves , that in short the blood vessels possess a muscular power . His words are : 'irom the various facts stated or referred to in the foregoing paper tho following inferences appear to be unavoidable-That the circulation is maintained by the combined power of the heart and blood vessels ; and that the power of both i 8 a _mueeularpower . " If the blood he impure , the muscular power of the heart and bloodvessels is impaired and a languid circulation , with constant eruptions on the skin is the consequence . In such cases "HaMs Scorbutus Dropi" are recommended strongly to the public m being the most powerful purifier of the Wood of any medicine in existence .

      Vavmm

      Vavmm

      Ronesrrarre' S Star Ascesw.Vo.—It Is Per...

      RonEsrraRRE ' s Star AscEsw . vo . —It is perhaps tbe very nature of '' things human" that there shall always bo an order of historic men whose merits or demerits cannot be discussed and settled with calmness and impartiality . They are chiefly men who have identified themselves with ideas and doctrines—men who have made themselves the champions of aggressive thoughts and revolutionary principles . * * * To expect justice from exasperated enemies is vain . Centuries must pass away ere justice can be done . * * * ' Socrates represented free thought ; Mahommed unity of the Divine nature ; 'Luther spiritual independence ; Cromwell anti-roya'lism ; Robespierre sovereignty of the

      people . It has boen , and will continue to be , tho fortune of such men to bevillified on the one band , and adored on the other . But such men can afford to wait . * * * Luther ' s name is not more closely associated with the principles of the Reformation , than Robespierre ' s with extreme ideas of the Revolution . His _partisans in France are more numerous than ever ; even in England and Germany tho advocates of his doctrines are more powerful than is generally supposed . It would make a curious paragraph to collect a list of titles given by those who have written on hira from Montjore to Mr . Lewes . Prom " sanguinary fiend " to " godlike hero , " the epithets run through the entire vocabulary of abuse and adulation . * * * Whatever opinion may be entertained of Robespierre ' s revolutionary career , there can be no dispute as to the ouritv of _lus life

      and character . —Athenccum , No , 1 , 115— " Review Ot Lewes ' s Life of Robespierre . " TfiUB !—Attorney ' s hate costs out of their own pockets . We find from the Preston CAvonicle that Mr . H . Blackhurst , attorney , answered a complaint by the inspector of nuisances , and promised the mayor , who heard it , that the nuisance should be removed . The Mayor : And you will pay the costs ?—Mr . Blackhurst : No , no , I'll pay no costs ; I never paid any in my life , and I ' m d——d if I pay any now I " Works op Necessity and _Msbct . —On the 26 fch of March , 1451 , the people of Aberdeen got a license from Pope Nicholas Y „ to fish for salmon on Sundays and festivals , on condition that the Church should have tho first salmon that was caught on each Sunday and festival .

      There are twenty German principalities , with territories equal to English counties , containing about 120 inhabitants to a square mile . _Parallel op the Sexes . —The North American says— " There is an admirable partition of qualities between the sexes , which the Author of our being has distributed to each , with a wisdom that challenges our unbounded admiration . Man is strong—woman is beautiful ; man is daring and confident—woman diffident and unassuming ; man shines

      abroad—woman at home ; man talks to convince—woman to persuade and please ; man has a rugged heart—woman a tender one ; man prevents misery—woman relieves it ; man has science—woman taste ; man has judgment—woman sensibility : man is a being of justice—women an angel of mercy . Thorough Draught . —Anew patcntstove , for the convenience of travellers has just been invented . It is placed under the feet , and a mustard plaster upon the head draws the heat through tho whole system .

      THE OLD WOKtD DTIKG . " Toll ye the Church bell sad and slow . And tread softly and speak low , For the old World is _a-dying . # # ¦ * His face is growing sharp and thin , ' Alack ! our friend is gone _. Close up his eyes , tie up his chin : Step from the corpse , and lot him in That standeth there alone , And waiteth at the door . There ' s a new foot on the floor , my friend , And a new face at the door , my friend , A new face at the door . " —Tennyson .

      He who can implant courage in tho human soul is its best physician . When are lady archers in danger of having illtempered husbands ? When they select cross beans . Prize Fioiitiso and Painting . —Mr . James Ward ( writes a correspondent ) , the ex-champion of England , appears to have turned his otitnn cum dignitate at Liverpool to some account . Report speaks highly as to his abilities as an oil-painter ; and , instructed in the rudiments of that delightful art by Mr . Hubert Desvignes , of London , he has produced several pictures , admirable alike as regards colour and effect . One of his paintings was recently sold from the exhibition of the Liverpool Academy for £ 50 . —Jerrold ' sNews .

      Effects of English Civilisation . —Delhi , a famous city in India , was the capital of tho Mogul Empire , It is now in decay , but in 1700 it contained a million of inhabitants . The Povertv op Wealthy England . —England is full of wealth , yet England is dyin _^ of inanition . * * In the midst of plethoric plenty the people perish . * * I will rcnture to believe , that in no time since the beginning of society was the lot of these same dumb millions of toilers so entirely unbearable as it is in the days now passing over us . It is not to die , or even to die of hunger , that makes a man wretched ; but it is to live miserable we know not why ; to work sore and yet gain nothing ; to be heart-worn , weary , yet isolated , unrelated , girt in with a cold universal _laisscafaire ; it is to die slowl y all our life long , imprisoned in a deaf , dead , Infinite Injustice . _—fitamas Carlyle .

      Case and Opinion . —A . B . C . submits the following for our opinion : — " My wife loft some time ago to reside with her parents until I could obtain a situation . She took with her a cart-load of furniture , and we parted on friendly terms . I am now in a situation , and have demanded my wife and goods , but my wife , through the instigation of her parents , refuses to join me , and her parents refuse to , give up my goods . What is my remedy ?" Hold your tongue . We know a man who would give two _cavt-loada of furniture to have had your luck . —Sunday Times . La Democratic Pacifique states that Col . Delannoy , tutor of the sons of King Leopold of Bel gium , has been discharged for having said to his pupils at a review of the civic guard in the environs of

      Brussels— " These are soldiers for Sundays . " Bodies and Souls . — " Parson , " cried out a fen farmer to a man of God in black garments , " why don't ' e put souls into the congregation ?"—tho labouring peasantry . "Souls ! " replied the preacher , turning an eye of indignation on the hard man , — " Souls , without bodies ! Find you tho bodies with fitting wages , and I will undertake to raise the souls . I cannot create souls in starving bodies I " The First Wedding . —Major Noah thus pleasantly and poetically discourses upon the "first wedding . " He says , — " We like short courtships , and in this Adam acted like a sensible man . He fell asleep a bachelor and awoke a married man . He appears to have popped the question almost immediately after meeting Madlle . Eve , and she , without any flirtation or shyness , gave him a kiss and herself . Of this first kiss in this world we have had

      however , our own thoughts , and sometimes in a poetical mood have wished wo were the man ' wot Sid it . ' But the deed is done—the chance was Adam ' s , and ho improved it . We like tho notion of getting married in a garden . It is in good taste . We line a private wedding . Adam ' s was private . No envious beaux wore there ; no croaking old maids ; no chattering aunts and grumbling grandmothers . The birds of heaven were the minstrels , and the glad sky flung its light upon tho scene , i One thing about the first wedding brings queer thoughts to us , in spite of scriptural truth . Adam and his wife were rather young to be married , — some two or three days old , according to the sagest speculations of theologians-mere babies—larger , not older—without experience , without a house , without a pot or a kettle , —nothing but love and Eden . "

      Female CuRiosur . —Two elderly maiden ladies , last summer , watted on a nei ghbouring magistrate , to complain of a man who was in the habit of bathing every morning in a large piece of water , overlooked by the windows ot their residence . " But , ladies , ( said the magistrate , ) it seems that the water is at least half-a-mile wide , and that you do not live very close to the edge of it . I do not see how you could tell whether it was a man in the water . " " No more we could , ( replied one of the spinsters , ) we were in doubt more than a week , but at last sister happened to think of sending to borrow Captain ' s spy-glass . " Scolding is tho pepper of matrimony j the ladies arc the pepper boxes .

      The Little Horn , —A politician as well as a strategist , Granville Sharpe sought and obtained an interview with Charles Fox , to whom he had advice of great urgency to give for conducting the attairs of Europe ; If the ghost of Burke had appeared to lecture him , Fox could hardly have listened with greater astonishment , as his monitor , by the aid of the little horn in Daniel , explained the future policy of Napoleon and of the Czar . " The little horn Mr . Sharpe , " at length exclaimed the most amiable of men , " what , in tho name of wonder , do you mean by the little horn ? " " See there , " said the dejected interpreter of prophecy to his companion as they returned from the Foreign Office— " See there the fallacy of reputation ! Why , that man passes for a statesman ; and yot it is evident to me that bo never before so much as heard of the little horn ! "—Sir James Stephen ' s Essays .

      Taste . —The Paris correspondent of the Medical Times writes : — " The Popo gives ' plenary indulgence' to all tho French soldiers who may die in the Holy City ; but this does not diminish the mortality , and seems to be li g htly appreciated by the ' infidel Gaul . ' Indeed , I heard a dragoon assert , that the army would have been better pleased had his Holiness distributed a l petit verrc' ( small glass ) of brandy to each man instead of a' plenary indulgence . ' There is no accounting for tastes . "

      Tub Popular Remedy. Parr's Life Pills.

      TUB POPULAR REMEDY . PARR'S LIFE PILLS .

      Ad00317

      Parr introduced to King Charles I . —( See "Life ami Times of Thomas Parr . " which may ho had gratis of alt Afteuts . _) The Blood . —To a person who has at all _studio ) the organisation of the human _sjstewi , the circulation of the blood will necessarily appear one of its most interesting and essential principles . When we reflect , for an _Instant , on the astonishing manner in which this crimson _> _u-rent hoots from the main spring of the heart ; when we . _onoidcr it coursing _rapidly through its various chumu ; i _3 ; and branching out into a thousand different directions am * , complicated windings , for the nourishment of the fi ? . i _*> .: ; we cannot avoid being moved by an involuntary thrill _% » t * astonishment : — "And we exclaim , while we survey the plan .- — How wonderful this principle in man !"

      Ad00318

      _^—*— " ' ¦ ' _. . ' i _. , If _Mankiso are liable to one disease more than another , or if there are any particular _adections of the human body we require to have . 1 knowledge of over the rest , it is cer « tainly that class of disorders treated of in the new and lm . proved edition of the "Silent Friend . " The authors , i * _tllUi sending forth to the world another edition of _tlieil medical work , cannot refrain from expressing their gratw fication at the continual success attending their efforts , which , combined with the assistance of medicines , exclusivel y of their own preparation , have been the happy _caus » of mitigating and averting the mental and physicalmiseries attendant on those peculiar disorders ; thus proving the fact ,

      The Poor Londoner's Meat And Drink.—Ih-I...

      The Poor Londoner ' s Meat and Drink . —Ih-In i this groat metropolis ,. the food wc oat , and tho the ) water we drink , aro grossly sophisticated . _ThoThos shambles teem with unwliolesomo meat , which , by , by ? the craft of the butcher , is sold to the poor as cheaplieapu and wholesome food . The grocer finds it to his hiss profit to vend for " genuine young hyson , " _slocsloei ' leaves and raisin-stalks ; and the milkman aids iris in tho work of destroying the health of the _inhnbiUnttanta of this city by soiling for " genuine milk am . antt cream , " a vile mixture of sheep ' s brains , sugar oar o : > : lead , and chalk . The artisan , moreover , drinks _hks in his " London stout , " copperas and _cocculus indicuslicuss in lu 3 gin , cayenne pepper , and oil of vitriol ; in hiin hi * brandy , a fiery malt spirit , disguised with bnrnbnrni sugar and different essential oils , to g ive it a rcai rcaa cogniac flavour ; in his water , a clarified infusiofusiow of decayed vegetables and human excrctifo . —MeiUcdciUcaa Times .

      It is now contemplated to make Malta a pens penaz settlement . Mr . More Ferrall will bo a fine ham hann for a paoler , and not at all unlikely to eclipse _Sise Si 5 i Hudson Lowe .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 20, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_20101849/page/3/