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Northern Star (1837-1852), 17th April 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 7, FRANCE. On the food question the Reforme...

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      Fri*-!!. 1v1847. The Northern Star.

      _fri * _- _!! . 1 V 1847 . THE NORTHERN STAR .

      Jfoietgn I-Hotmntnts*

      jfoietgn _i-Hotmntnts _*

      •'A ''And I "Iu War > At Le *"T In Words...

      • 'A '' And I _"iU war at le * "t in words , [ At thai— should ay chance so happto—deeds , ) \ With all wbo war with Thought !"

      Tt«I Think 1 Hear A Little Bird, Who Sin...

      tt « i think 1 hear a little bird , who sings f _priie _people DJ * * _i- _^ y *** iH oe the stronger . "—B « o » .

      [Irjue American Agrarian Reformers. (Fro...

      [ _IrjUE AMERICAN AGRARIAN REFORMERS . ( From Fount ? . America . ) [ _CoitcZuaVd / Vom 0 _* r last . }

      Ill The Thorough Principles Of Political...

      Ill THE THOROUGH PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL SCIENCE , OR RIGHTS AND WRONGS , Sl SPECIFIED , AKALTSED , CLASSIFIED , AKC _OONTB-STED , fi Snowing the Cause of Good , of Evil , and its _Remedy . tlFE . —VIOtEKCe . 1 The right _t- » life is also equal , indiridual , and _inalientli aMe . As it is eqa . 1 . oo man can claim a greater enjoyie : ment or protection ofit tban _anothi-r _; as it is individual , o no portion of siankiod can combine into ar . army or any t ci-riwrate body , except in defensive war ; and as it is in * . " » i li » _nable , it cannot be destro ed by capital punishment , t of in any way whatever , except in self-defence . No mi * li can make a Chanel sla _* e of another , occasion Ms death it pf murder or offensive war _without becoming the areh-• V _crimi-aa ! of the earth !

      A h ' _trei 'oldiery is aaother form of tbe alienation of 1 . tie right of life as a substitute for that of others . There' c fe re , itis the _duty of the whole people of a nation , to ) t _organise as a _standing army , so that it will be tbe light i ? and duty of those iu the locality invaded to repel tbe _int ; _t » eU : rs white rapidly reinforced from _neighbouring n legions . Thus man would destroy life only ia self . de . ft fe u : e at their homesteads , aud soun terminate a war * iih the least _expe-nse .

      _IIBOES , _—SESVlTDDr . Labour or production is alto iu equal , indmdc _^ l , and ii _u alienable rig ht and duty . As nature bas created all « with the same wan ::, asd ban _is , and surrounded them i with a sufficiency of raw maUiial _, all _should labonr e equally for a subsistence . As nothing bat labour can _t ttrn the crude products of nature iato the neces » aries of life , all who sabsistby any other means than labour n _* u > t I lire upon that of otiu f . It is a most outrageous system _i oi njctlce that now prevails among mankind , that they i who amass nearly all the product of labour without _peri fcrraing any productive lafeonr , should not be considered i fer mere criminal than thc toil-worn labourer who steals ! a loaf of bread to save his life !

      Bat it is not incumbent only on every man to labour equally , but also individually . For men will avoid labonr in a community of labour and property as well as b ) substituting tbeir illy accumulated property in its stead . As the combination of labour _destroys its identity , a * well as tbat of property and the stimulus to duty , esch man should labour in an isolated and individual c _apacity . There is a natural tendency to a division oi libjur , _whicj also requires a division of capital and materials . Tbere is no more advantage in the combination of labour by the capi'al of others or of the _latourers tbemscltes , than tiiere is in the combination cf _sovereignty iu parties or of tbe domain as common pioj * rty .

      Let each producer , with his own individual homestead , capital , tools , mate-rials , and lieb-ur , perform a certain _SJJ , asd the series of dependent arts and wants Kill propt 1 bim to do his part or el « e all will stand still . Thu « ill will be botn checks and dependents upon each c » uer . The advantage also o . ' a common motive power to propel machine * of _diffrrent arts can be obtained under the iriuividual with more certainty than under the comman ' ty _svstem . In community eacb -nan's duty will be too _mach _' _prrscribed by the wills of otners . _ll'it in co-openti . > n without combination the demand fur each man ' s _fabrics or products will command Lira to do his duty . Hj : should the electric or other motive power be as ch < _-ap oo a small as Urge scale tbere will be uo \ se in tie _eonceiitratieiu of so much machinery ia one establish . _ en \ so injurious to health , with perhaps a few exccj . tions .

      As the right to labour is also inalienable , it is violated by iareiluntary servitude , hire , or wages , or profiunmg _. rj Bah _labcar and its product are alienated as much by slavery or hire , as _sovereignty is by suffrage , or life is by soldiery . It would Hira that tbere could be no m . re outrageous ac : than that of one portion of man . ' hind usurping the nhok of tbe surrounding elements -sad of extorting a tribute from the balance for the use ofthem ; but t » force them also , to perform all labour , and to make even _chittek of the bodies of their fellow creturts , _completes the climax of tyranny and crime . Ihe inhuman treatment of slaves , soldiers , sailors , j _. urneymtu , and all the evils of slavery , hired labour and _hirelings , declare the wisdom ot God in giving man dominion only over the "beasts of the field and fowls of the air , " but not oxer each other . As the right to labour :. * also _eqnil , individual , and inalienable , mankind must _organize into townships in the proportionate numbers nith an equal share of the soil , so that they can become _the ' r own _landlords and employers , pre-ducers and

      _dismoutors .

      DOHAIK . _—LAMDLOBOilT . Bat of all tbeir _rights , there is none in which mankind _should be more strict in the application ofthe principle * of equality , individuality , and inalienable-ess , than tbat cf tbe right of Domain . For tbe evil effects of the ** . o ! io { K > * y of the soil is not so _palpsble ro tbe _senses , although it is _thef-. un' . atiouof theinonoply of all their cth-r ri $ Us , and so much so ,- that until landless prot u _.-erf can -ce it , landlords will ever command tbeir rights of life , _sovereignty and labour . Man ' s equal Iran ' s and pjners of production most forcibly declare that each one is entitled to an equal share of as much ot rt ? earth as he can use ; that he should hold it too , not cf government , but by act of _existence , and the gift ol C * j j , who has _granted and conveyed it to him only on the condition that be shall improve it , and carry forward his creation . He shall hold it too , in an _insulated and individual proprietorship , and not as undivided interest a » iu a commuaitt of property . For , with a few

      _except on ? , man cannot labour and _contume so equally in _pirtnershipas in isolated families without dissention _, and rendering their rights imperfect . Keither should tiiere ever be any alienation or tr * D 5-ft * r of each man's share * of domain , except in an equitable _exchange or sde to a _lliidltss mau . Itis only necessary that each n an _should ever possess a share of the domain , no natter how of ten he may exchange it ; for thereby he can ever be free to . change his locality ; so that emhjraii & n may even be more facilitated under 'his system than under the pres-nt monopoly of the lind . The right to domain wiU be much preserved hi a universal survey of tbe eai th by the cardiral point ! , it to the qaautity each of the human race is now entitled _, witb provision f <* r its gradual dirision down to tie minimum _quantity , aini ihe _ordtr in which the a embers ef a family should possess it , if tbey do nn choose to emigrate _wbera tbey can get a larger I _' _roj-ortiou .

      PEODCCK— _ra ' OFITHOSCEST . Bat every reason that enforces the necessity of the _strict application ofthe equal , individual and inalienable _property of aright to sovereignty , lite , labour , and eloirain _, applies with equil force to the right of man to the products of his labour . The c . nacity of all to produce equally in some art . determines the right to products to be al * o equal ; and all the reasoning lor the individuality of labour proves the same for the product of labour . As mun winglts bis labour with his improvements and _produces , he should be equally tenacious of his right to _tltm as of tbe foil . As each man ' s skill is moie limited than his wants , the mutual exchange according to cost o : his surplus products , is no alienation of theui anymore than an exchange of farms ; but it is the _untqual exchange constituting pr _. _iStraongexy which is the great te iltir . it violates this right .

      SEXEDT . Thus , the remedy for the evil of society , consists in the establish-Ben * , of rights upou the true principles of _lltir equality , individuality , and inalirnableness . As the right of sovereignty or will is fedinded upon tbe mind it is the first right that should be established upon these principle * . Bat as the masses ar still _ignorant , intermediate e . r sliding measures of reform must be taken by tbe intelligent few . Such are now actually _agitated by tbe National Reformers , by pledging to vote for none but those wbo will _support tbeir _measures ; _und _thus by holding the balance b .-twe . n parties , compel the press and government to disseminate them . Though it is a perfect wrong to delegate _sovereignty ; yet , as the intelligent

      few ciu decide the balance , there is much power in the ballot , ss office is sought for on account of the salary ai well as tbe principle . But mankind will soon learn tbat legislation sbould be exercised by each man ia proper PERSON , and will organize into tuwn > hips and constitutionally establish themselves in their equal , individual , and inalienable rights to tovtreignty , life , labour , doniiiu and products ; partake in pr .-scribing their rule of action ; protect and _perpetuate each other in their homesteads , and secure each ether in the full amount of the product of tbeir labour . Thus every man will become bis own legislator , laudlord , and employer . Every right will truly be made free—sovereignty , free—life , Iree—labour , free—and products , free .

      JKESENT STATE OF POLITICAL SCIESCE . In compiring these views of tbe nature of ri ghts , tvioBgs , and remedies with _Blackf tone ' s Commentaries , at the most faithful reflection of the principles upou wl . ich tbe present era of _tnonoploy it founded , there is a _stiiking contrast . His whole doctrine is founded upon the evil _princij-les of inequality , combination , aud _ioalienabltnew , as exhibited in a _gradaated scale of classes , _cursors tions , officers , professions , and employments . _Jnfttad of representing sovereignty as _exercisible ouly by each man in person , Le contends that itis vested in kings , lords , and certain constitutional acts , and tbat the people hare only a " residuary right" in connection with the _disradicg privilege of petition and prayer .

      There are , however , a series of pioneer writers contkuaii y advancing upon each other in a truer knowlecge of political science . In our own Declaration of _InJependei-ee , thire is an advance by the expression " man is endowed iritis certain inalienable rights , tbat arroair these are life , liberty , and tbe pursuit of happin « 6- " although ihe two latter of these terms are too indefinite for specific names of rights , as well as " equality , liberty , safety , tnd property " used iu the French constif ution of 1793 . Equality , as here shown , is a sufl 5 r > ntly _definite term for one ofthe properties of a right , but not fer a right . The term liberty should be used to designate the _extreme andenjoyment of every' tight . Safety is too _vaj-ue , sod proper ty liould only be applied to inanimate

      Ill The Thorough Principles Of Political...

      things , and not to the _personal qualities of man by sacrilegiously reducing tbem to chattels . Thus two of the great properties of a right , equality and _inalienableness , have been gradually , bnt vaguel y developed by such as Rosrean and Jefferson . But it is George H . Evans wbo bas developed them in definite and boli relief , and applied them to the well-defined rigbt of domain , which leads to all other rights . The remaining property of a right , individuality , the writer of this essjy has developed ; but had beeu anticipated by Josiah Warren , supported by Thomas and Maria L . _Varnty . But be claims the application of them as the three constituent elements of a right , to all the right * , with this improved classification , & c „ of rights and wrongs upon BUckstone ' s . If this is the true nature of rights , Robert Ow _* n has erroneously assumed tbat _individuality of rights orprivate _property is the great evil , and hy contrast that a community of rights and property _isthe great remedy . Lewis _Hasquebieb .

      Tfmitrn Intdliput

      tfmitrn _Intdliput

      Movements Of The Week. The Only Foreign ...

      MOVEMENTS OF THE WEEK . The only Foreign news of importance is that from Spain . The full detail we have given below ofthe doings of Queen Isabella , renders comment superfluous . It appears tbat tbe Government having been informed that Queen Christina intended to depart from Paris for Madrid on the 5 th of April , bad decided tbat Her Majesty sbould not be permitted to re-enter Spain , and despatched to her in

      all haste General Manuel de Ia Concha , to dissuade her from undertaking the journey . It was even said , that if she persisted in that resolution General Concha was invested with full power to arrest her . The Gazette of the 8 th contains two Royal Decrees , one appointing the Duke de Valencia ( Narvaez ) Ambassador at Paris , instead of M . Martinez de la Rosa ; the other appointing M . de la Torre A 3 Hon , Envoy Extraordinary to the Court of Lisbon , instead of M . Gonzales-Bravo . An amnesty is talked of , to include Espartero , Van Halen , Ruize , and others .

      Accounts bave been received from Lisbon to the 5 th , and from Oporto to ihe 8 th inst . No change of any consequence has taien place in the position of the belligere nt parties . The great feature of the news is , that the Queen's cause was becoming still more hopeless , a nd that its weakness was too palpable tobe concealed . Letters from Constantinople of the 27 th ult . announce that tbe Greek affair had made no progress since the last dates from that capital . The question , it was believed , would produce serious complications . There have been arrivals from the United Stater , bringing rumours of battles , defeats of the Americans , & c . ; but no certain intelligence . An insurrection had broken out at Venezuela .

      France. On The Food Question The Reforme...

      FRANCE . On the food question the Reforme says : — " In all the _neighbouring markets , without exception , which supply Paris , there bas again been a considerable rise in wheat It varies frem 2 f . to 4 f per hectolitre . The supply was not sufficient at any place , even for local consumption . Private purchasers were most eaper , and the millers who had abstained from purchasing durin ? the last month could not obtain any . At other markets , the growers , not conceiving a rise of of . to 6 f . per sack to be sufficient , carried away both wheat and samples . Such was thc case at Orleans . At Provins a hand of n omen came from the environs and vociferously quarrelled with the millers to obtain some loads of wheat . "

      Letters from Paris state that " never in the memory of man was a spring more propitious in France than the present . *' The Late Cons Riots . —The Patric announces that thc council of ministers had deliberated during three days on thc fate of the three individuals conicted of murder during the corn riots at Btizansais . and capitally sentenced hy the Royal Court ol C . iateauroux . The order to execute them was said to have been forwarded on Friday to Chateaureuxby the Minister of Justice .

      SPAIN . LOTs OF FO AT _MADH 1 D—GRAND _KICK-01 T OF THE CAMARILLA I Queen Isabella is going a-head . After having kicked tut the Frtncli Cabinet , she has made a clean sweep of all its pa-tiims and accomplice-. It . ' s not often we trouble our readers wi h the doings of roy . ilty , at borne or abroad , hut _tliefo'ldwing from the correspondence ol the Tims is too po . il to be omitted . Madrid has not witnessed such fun for many a-day .

      Madrid , April 1 th . —Nothing but weeping , _wailinir , and _gnashing of teeth at the Royal Palace . The _Marchioness ot Santa Cruz is in the depth of triliu ' _ation . Egana is bowed down by a grief that admits notpf « onsolation . And a sort of Master of the Horse , _caballerizo mayor , who bears tlie aw ful nameof High Tops or Cumbres-Altas _. is frantic with despair . They have been all but kicked ont ofthe palace . As is the general custom with tranquil persons intending ta get rid of servants whose fidelty is more than suspected , quiet notice was given to tit above worthy trio to pack up and be iff , and make room for their betters . Tl . e _Marquesa . _though she had some suspicions of a calamity threatening her , vet never thought that thc

      yuan" < _J _* ieen would have had courage enough to dismi .-s one whom sympathetic fas : _es and congenial habits had rendered _sndear to Maria _Christina , and w . is absolutely stunned when _s-he _ttceived the order to take herself off quietly ly the door , bhe tucked up her _gown , and hurried _tothegroand-flonr apartments —the liwer regions of tbe palace , where Egana ' s occupations so fitly keep him—to announce _, the awful tidings to the Rodin { see Le Juif Errant ) of the royal household , and ask for counsel . Alas ! Rodin had just received a similar message , and was actually making bis way up tlie intricate and gloomy -staircase to unbosom liitneeif to his faithful ami faded friend . They met hail-way . " 1 am Inst , ' shrieked tlie Marqnesa . 'So am 1 , ' _growled Egana . "After all my services to be treated thus !

      After iny deeds in the Congress — after having brought in Mon and Pidal , lo be thus turned , like _ ain , on the wide world ! Wo ! wo ! It won ' t end here—it won't end here . ' 'Where is _Ciimbres-Akas ? ' ' Where should he be but in the stable ?" To the stable they glided , and there they found the worthy official taking a last and heart-breaking farewell of the loyal horses . ' You , too " £ iku the marchioness . ' Yes , * neighed the late Count of _Fist-in-Face ( _Pnnonrostro , ) n _« w . Marqu s of High-Tops ( _Cambres-Altas ) . Grief orercamc * the three ; and so bitter was the anguish that the very helpers were melted . * Wc won t stand iliii _* , ' said the ' Marqnesa . After some _consuHs . ion it was decided that they should refuse to obey the notice to quit , and struggle to the last .

      The Queen , after _havin-r eiven the order for the dismissal of the three worthier , felt quite at ease , her spin ' s tranquil and her conscience satisfied , as one generally does alter having performed a _taeritorious act , and thought all was tight . Wheu the hour came yesterday for her usual promenade , she w . _13 amazed , on _passing to the antechamber , to see the Marchioness of Santa Cruz in the sumo place ; aud , on inquiry , she was further informed that the intendant nf the palace , and the representative of the Royal Yahoos , were _rebe'lious to her authority . Uer Majesty entered her cabinet without saying a word . Sbe _s-ent for the first stray minister that could belaid hands on . Mazarrcde and Salamanca were the first caught .

      ' I have ordered those perwjns to be di _.-rois'ei ! , _- ' said the Queen , " and why are they still here ? In half an hour let the palace he cleared ot them . ' ' To hear is to obey , ' answered the obese Mars of the Spanish army . Egaca , _Cumbres-Altas , and the Marchioness , were summoned , and the order of the Queen communicated . The Marchioness , whose imagination recalled those delightful nights of card-playing and hot suppers with the Munoze * s , lia Easebia , Teresita , and tiie rest , when Maria Christina was first enamoured of her gallant guardsman , could not relinquish , without a straggle , thc last hope of seeing the revival , in some way or other , of tho _** e nodes autbrosiana _' .

      She refused stoutly tn leave her post . The ministers insisted ; and thereupon commenced a scene ot recrimination _, of bitter reproach , and of violence , which , however it excited the parties affected , _gossipers say , afforded the highest amusement to the young and royal person most _interested . All was in vain . The Marchioness—who looked _leroeiously at htr nails , and then venomously at the fat face ol Mazirreelo , as if .-he longed to bring both into contact—the Master of the Horse , and the Intendant , were , without more ado , ejected from the Royal Palace . In addition to these di .-missals , the Caplain of the Halberdiers , Senor de Rubianes , litis been also marched to the risht-about .

      The pardoning lire condemned men , and the dis missal of the _persons just mentioned , are acts as meritorious as lier Majesty _cauld perform during the last and most solemn week ol Lent . Jt is to Le hoped that Hr-avcn will reward ber . _Notwithstanding her being the daughter of the niece of Louis Philippe , and in spite of ( lie bad example constantly before her , _tliese acts yet show that the youthful Isabella has a sense of rectitude and propriety , and a generous instinct . _OOI . Vfl , COISG , GO . VB !—WHO WEA 1 & IHE BREECHES ?—CHRISTINA IS A BAOB , ISABELLA SOT 80 _MAD—SV'USEN _POPUIABITT OP THE QBEEN . Madmb , April Otb .- Tbe Queen ' s con ! e ? _sor , tbe

      France. On The Food Question The Reforme...

      ArchmViop of Cordove , Patriarch of the Indies , has also , it is believed , been relieved from the care of directing her Majesty ' s conscience and presiding over her private devotions . That very useful friend ot M . Bresson , Senor Arana , Introductor of Ambassadors , and supreme despot of tho di p lomatic box , has been , or is to be , tamed to the right-about . His wife will , no doubt , share the fate of her worthy husband . An officer of Halberdiers , named Melendez , has been dismissed . A new private secretary has been appointed tothe Queen , It appears that , shortly after the Queen issued orders for the partial purification of her household , by the dismissal of the Marchioness of Santa Cruz , this worthy lady and her champion , with the terrific name of Cumbres Altas , retreated to the private apartments of the King-Consort , to consult and condole with his Majesty on the gloomy prospects _before

      them . The Marquesa was not long in convincing the weak-minded young man that , though the . Queen was undoubtedly mistress of her kingdom , and had power to bring about Ministerial crises , and resolve them , dismiss her Cabinet , dissolve the Cortes , make peace and war , and decide , finally and irrevocably , on these and snch like trifles , yet that the more important rule oftlie chamber-maids , ladies of honour , Ac ., belonged exclusively to his Majesty—that the Queen might , according to the constitution , rule tbe nation , but that the Kine was master of his house .

      The enemies of the Marchioness maliciously hint that her ladyship meant to be sarcastic in thus defining tho peculiar duties ofhis Mjgesty . However tbat may be , his Majesty admitted the soundness of her arguments , and declared he would protect hev . He advised her , therefore , as well as the others who were in the same situation , to remain firm at their posts ; and , ifthe Queen reiterated her orders of dismissal , to say that they had received the King ' s instructions to continue as before in the performance of thtir duties . The Queen , in tbe meantime , was made acquainted with what was goini * on ; and , on passing through the ante-rooms , asked why these people had not quitted the palace , as she had directed . The Marchioness declared , without much ceremony , that they were there in obedience to the King ' s orders , and that there they were determined to remain .

      NotwithstandinR her respect for royalty , it is reported that that lady hinted somethinc about plots in which the Queen was concerned . ' Plots ! ' exclaimed her Majesty , 'it is you and yoursthathave been plotting all your lives . It is you who are plotting , and in the King ' s apartment , But we shall soon see wbo commands in my father ' s house . ' She then sent for the Ministers , who informed her that she was undoubte _dl y perfect mistress of the palace , and at liberty to dismiss or retain such of her attendants as she _thought proper . Thereupon _emued the scene which I noticed yeaterday _. bttween Mmrredoand the Marque _* a , which , I am assured , v-ai one of much more violence than what _Idescribed _. and which terminated in the _exeunt omnes . The King failed at the critical moment to give an example ofthe energy hehad recommended , and his fair protegee was put to the

      door . Some few days before the last palace row , her Majesty asked the Marchioness of Santa Cruza to procure her a copy of Cortina ' 8 great speech in the Cortes , as she had heard a great deal about it . The Marchioness told her it was all nonsense , things about * liberty , ' independence , ' and stuff of that kind , and so indecent as to be unfit for her Majesty ' s eye . ' Well , but I wish to see it , and read it , ' replied the Queen , ' because a certain friend of mine praised it much . '

      • Please your Majesty , ' said the bewildered Marchioness , ' it is all on mathematics , mensuration , and such branches of science , so that your Majesty will not leable to understand a wor- of it / ' Ab ! confess that you don't wish to give it to me —bit look here , ' _takinga small neat pamphlet from an ebony box ; * a friend whom I esteem very much gave it me two days ago . I have read every word of it , and what is m re , I understand it weil , and 1 think Cortina is quite right . ' The Marchioness looked aghast . She retired to her room , called a meeting of the cawirilla . and announced the awful fact that the Queen must be mad , as she hnd taken to reading the speeches of the Progresista deputies !

      A letter _has ' been intercepted , I am assure--, from Maria Christina to one of her confidants in Madrid , from which it would appear that the plot alluded to in my yesterday ' s letter was organized hy her . ' Let that mad creature alone , ' she says ( speakin g ot her dni'jrhter ); ' give her play enough , she shall soon be made to sec how we will settle her . ' The ' _sattling her' can mean nothing except a repetition of the 7 tli of October affair . For this Ma ' ia Christina is capable ; bnt her late purchases in the French funds must h ivc clipped her wings a little as far as the ' sinews of war' are _concerned ; and , if another revolution be meditated , that very disinterested , frank , and generoui old gentleman Louis-Philippe , must 'down wit _

      the dust' himself . Whether in his latter days he is capable of such generosity remains to be seen . Times , lnwever , are gone by for 7 th of October affairs . The people believe that the Queen is with them , and _nsainst the camarilla , and thc Queen seems to rely fur protection on the attachment of her people . No human heing can he more , execrated , more loathed , except , indeed , it be _Louu-l'Iiilippe , his minister , or ambassador , by the masses , than the _Duchc-s de Rianza _. os ; and I _atn assured , by a man who knows Madrid well , that if any such attempt were made , 20 , 000 people , men , women , and children , would Hy to arms to protect the Queen against the camarilla .

      ' Que me dan par loca , ' said the Queen the other day , in answer to an insolent observation of one of the 'Archangels ruined '— ' Que me danpor loca , ch —r « _-cmos , _ecrcmosejuioitsnos locos' . ' They say I ' m rnad , do thsy ? Wait awile ; we shall see who are the mad people . ' The joy spread by these dismissals is great indeed . The people nre delighted at the heavy blows struck at the wretched camarilla that actually kept the Queen captive . For the first time since the illom-Tied return of her mother , in 1844 , the Queen is received with enthusiastic vivas by the population as she passes through tlie streets of Madrid . On Sunday la _* _-t her Majesty walked on foot for an hour or two in the crowded promenade of A tocba . She was

      hai > ed with tbe most enthusiastic vivas . It would he difficult to paint her delight nt this demonstration of the public joy . Notwithstanding the rather plain and inexpressive _character of her countenance , her face became absolutely agreeable , and her eyes beamed with pleasure . She returned home in an flpen carriage , \ vi : h her cousins , the _daughters of D m Francisco de Paula , and her uncle , and was hailed in the same enthusiastic manne * as she drove along thc Calle Alcala ' and the must unbounded j iy was given expression to as she reached the Puecta del Sol , and swept aiung the Calle Mayor . She went to the theatre the same night , and , as she entered the royal box , the entire audience stood up and saluted her . The clapping of hands , waving of

      handkerchiefs , and shouts of ' Viva _nettstra joven Reina I Viva ueutira Reina Constitucional ! ' were again and again repented . The tears stood in the Queen ' s eyes with _deliaht . Yesterday she attended the bull-fight . She proceeded to the Plaza de Toros , about 5 o ' clock , in an open _carriage , with her uncle by her side , but still unaccompanied hy her husband , without escort _, and with only oue ur two attendants on horseback , but not a _single soldier . She was dressed as a Spanish w-man ought to be when going to the bull-fight—a white blonde mantilla merely attached to the comb , anel _falling over her shoulders ; and a small red rose in her hair was her only ornament . She entered her

      box soon after 5 o ' _clock , the performance had already begun . It was for a moment interrupted by the immense assemblage rising up nnd bursting forth into one loud shout of * Viva la / e _' e _' _iia ' . ' ' Viva In Rcina Cuiistituc ' _tonal V On her _retwrn to the palace , the same cries oi ' Viva'a Rcina Constitucional ; ' ' Viva la RdnalibreV hailed her air * hedrove _ni'ing . She itiUy a ;> precsates the spontaneous , _unbaught effusions of popular enthusiasm ; and must now see the difference between it and the significant silence she everywhere met with the whole time it was _believeel _t-he afforded countenance to the intrigues of the _cctHiariilt .

      MOKE Ft / ** * * —THE e _^ iEF . _** ' ASD THK " _ArOSTLES " —THE MONKEY COUNT . Lately the usual ceremony of _washins the feetol twelve poor persons representing the twelve apost / es , took place at the Palace . The King operated on twelve old men , as many female Apostles ( this addition does credit to Spanish gallantry ) being supplied tor the Quetn . Her Majesty , accompanied by a Lady of Honour , goigeously attired , who carried a silver basin , sprinkled some water over tho foot of each woman , wiping it with a towel which she carried in her hand , ami then kissing it . She appeared all the

      time much nnw _** ed at the part she was acting . The King , on his side , a towel tied round his loins to save his trowsers . performed the same duty for his male disciples . Nothing could be fairer than this , but the King appeared anything but delighted . A Iter this operation , the twenty-four _Apoetks sat down to tab ' e , to be waited on by their royal attendants . The Q _: iee » i merely went through the form of putting the ensiles nn thc table and _^ arry ing themaway , which she did with a smartness that would have done credit to any London waiter , only drop n iug one dieU ( spinach we thought ) which splashed the noble calves ofan embroidered grandee who stood by .

      The feast , however , was not exactly one of _D-ike Humphry ' s _dinneis , as baskets were in readiness , in which each of the guests can ied off a vast quantity of cold provisions . We need hardly add tliiU this ceremony , which is meant to be most solemn , was one of universal mirth and amusement . Except the King and a few serious looking priest ** , no person in the room could refrain from laughing , thc Queen and Infanta setting the example . M . Mon , it is knowc , was made a count at the _PWic-doUhe marriage , * yet , though his _patent of nobility has been long in bisk possession , a feeling of shame prevents his assuming his title . 1 might almost defy yon to guess the reason . It appears that the Queen , who has a good deal of drollery of her father ' s charaiter , when signing the patent , could cot _resist the _teropl-itiw ) _o'ad . ing the letter " 0 , '

      France. On The Food Question The Reforme...

      to the name of Mon , his title being Conde de Mon ; Now , though the simple word " Mon" is a sturdy emphatic monosyllable in itself , and has nothing to be laughed at , the word mono is irresistibly ludicrous , particularly to those who have enjoyed the advantage of seeing the worthy ex-Minister of Finance , and , * . bemg interpreted , means nothing more nor less than " monkey ! " it _isnot , therefore , extraordinary that the worthy son of Pefeyo should . be in _nohft'te to exhibit his parchments . Cmnt Monkey ! fi done I

      GERMANY . According to the Augsburgh Gazette , fears had been entertained at Vienna of disturbances in consequence of the high price of provisions , and on the night of tbe 1 st of April the number of patrols bad been doubled , nnd the garrison ordered to be in readiness to turn out . Austria , _snys the Courrier Francais , threatens to secede from the Germanic Confederation should the latter grant freedom of the pr -as to _G-jrmanj . This would be a most fortunate event lor the confederation .

      M . _Ronqe . —A letter from _Breslaw of Ihe 3 rd , says : — "In the month of March , 1840 , M . Ronge was condemned to a month ' s imprisonment , for having preached at Magdeburg without the permission of the authorities . It was thought that the rxecution of this condemnation had been abandoned by the government , but such ia not the fact . The day before yesterday M . Ronge received from the police of Breslaw an injunction to undergo the sentence pronounced against him , and yesterday he rendered himself a prisoner . Upwards of 2 , 000 persons accompanied him on his passage , crying , ' Ronge tVr ever ! ' ' Religious liberty for ever ! ' But this demonstration gave rise to no disturbance . "

      SWITZERLAND . The Swiss journals have brought a manifesto by thc seven Catholic cantons , demonstrating _againsi the suppression ofthe convents , under the decree of the Grand Council i f Argau of 17 th of January , 1841 . Thc almost undisguised menaces addressed by thc League to its " faithful , dear brothers of the Confederation , " have excited a lively emotion in the liberal cantons . We learn by the same journals , that the vote for tbe new constitution of Bale Town took place on the 8 th . The number in its favour was 1 , 448 out of 1 , 627 .

      POLAND . Warsaw , March 29 . —The arrests of _persons politically suspected still continue . Twelve citizens from the province have been lately brought to the citadel ol Warsaw , who , it is affirmed , have read a prohibited work . Some rigorous measures of the police have lately made travelling by railroad very difficult . Nobody can travel without a passport , even if he has only a few miles to go . Passengers on their arrival are often subject to personal examination , so that the police may ascertain whether they have any prohibited publications . An alarm of intended insurrection has been raised at Lemberg . Precautions were taken there , and at Posen , to prevent the rumoured | rising . The misery in some parts of Galicia is extreme .

      Espionage has increased to a frightful extent . Distress drives many a poor person to this infamous trade , which is highly remunerated . Formerly , the pay of spies at Cracow amounted to 9 , 000 florins annually : now , it is as much as 40 , 000 florins .

      Poland's Regeneration. The Democratic Co...

      POLAND'S REGENERATION . The Democratic Committee for Poland _^ Regeneration au'ain assembled on Friday eveninfj April 9 ; h , at the Chartist Assembly Rooms , Dean-street , Soho ; Ernest Jones , Esq ., in tbe chair . The _following officers were unanimously re-elected . Ernest Jones , President ; Feargus O'Connor , Treasurer ; G ; Julian Harney , Secretary ; 'f . M Wheeler , Sub-Treasurer ; and J . Moy , Financial Secretary . On the motion of Messrs Doyle and Worcell , a vote of thanks was unanimously awarded to the President . The following new members were elected : —John Robertson , John West of Macclesfield , and Thomas Webb of Stockport .

      In the course of some conver . - . i tion on financial matters , Mr G . W . Wheeler said the committee had appealed to thc country for pecuniary support As he considered example should always accompany precept , he suggested that the committee should commence the subscription , he , therefore , would put down his shilling . This example was followed by several other members , and the sum of seven shillings antl sixpence was subscribed on the spot . The committee then adjourned . On Thursday evening , April loth , the committee re-as * embled at the above rooms , In the absence ef the president , Mr J . Shaw was called to the chair . The secretary read a communication from Mr Smith of Glasgow , enclosing two shillings . The letter was received witb much satisfaction . The Secretary brought up and read the " Address , ' ' giren below . On the motion of Messrs Clark and Milne , the " Address" was adopted .

      On the _nv-tion of Messrs Clark and G . W . Wheeler . it was resolved that five hundred copies of the " _^ Annual Report" and '' Address" just adopted be printed together , in a four-paged pamphlet , uniform with the pamphlets previously printed by the Committee , and that copies be sent to Lord Palmerston , the principal members of Parliament , the honorary members , and friends oftho committee . The committee then adjourned to meet again on the first Wednesday in May .

      The Democratic Committee For Poland's Re...

      THE DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE FOR POLAND ' S REGENERATION , TO THE PEOPLE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND . Friends , —We have placed before you ( in our annual report ) the exact position of this committee ; and at the same time have indicated the means by whicli you may make our mission a reality , productive of unquestionable advantages tothe Polish causa . It is for you to determine whether you will so strengthen our hands as to enable us to perform the part of efficient and successful workers in the cause of Poland ' s Regeneration .

      The necessity for popular agitation to compel the British government to perform a part in relation to Poland w . orthy of the honour of this country , has been sufficiently proved by thc conduct of the ministry and legislature on the occasion of the discussion of Mr Hume ' s resolutions respecting Craeow aud the Russo-Dutch Loan . Mr Hume ' s resolutions , which were published in this committee ' s " Monthly Report'' for March , denounced the _confiscaticn of Cracow as a " manifest violation of the treaty of Vienna ; " and after reciting the payments alieady mado by this country on account of the Russo-Dutch loan , the lact that those payments had been undertaken in consideration o tbe general arrangements of the Congress of Vienna , which arrangement had been violated by Ilussia , concluded by declaring that " the payments from this country should be henceforth suspended . "

      After three nights' _disciissioD , the above resolutions were withdrawn by their mover , a step thc propriety of which may be severely questioned . True , there was a probability that had a division been taken the majority , in obedience to the wishes of the Ministry , would have voted the " previous question , " but _ift- ' o , tlie evil of such a decision would have carried with it its own correction . Had a " division" taken place , the people ot this country would have then known , accurately and completely , the men who wouiii dishonour England by proclaiming her vassalage to the Tsar . " They who are not with us are against u ' , " anil the temporisers _ar : d f alse friends of Poland should be repudiated with those dastards and worshippers of despotism who avow their admiration of tue Autociav and his fellowtvrants .

      Mr Hume ' s resolutions were opposed hy _miwistevs on the ground that ihe Government had already protested _against tbe annexation of Cracow , and that , _therefore , it would be useless and undignified to pass resolutions on the subject , unless the Ilouse of Commons was determined to follow up words by act-. 'Ibis is true ; but the same objection applies to tho ministerial ' protest . If words are useless unless followed by a decisive course of action , then , according to the Government ' s own _siiowinsr , Lord Palmcrston ' s " protest" was a wretched farce . As regards the payments made by this country on account of the Russo-Dutch loan , ministers justified the continuance of those payments principally on the ground that , to cease paying the _pitltnj sum of a few score thousand pounds yearly would "

      be shabby , _notwithstanding that Russia had broken ber share of the contract which , to say t he least , was intimately connected with these payments . The sum already paid , and to be paid , is altogether not so paltry a sum . From the year 1810 to the year 1840 , b _* _* th inclusive , the sum paid amounts to ' "three millions three hundred and seventy-four thousand four hundred and seventy-nine pounds sterling . " The liquidation of the principal and interest of the remaining pa * t of the loan will require further annual payments from the British treasury till the year 1915 , _amount'n- . ' to " three millions nine hundred and seventeen thousand one hundred and eightyseven pounds sterling , " making an average for each of the hundred years of seventy-two thousand nine hundred and stxteett pounds , and the total _aggregate payment seven millions two hundred and

      _ninett-ONS THOUSAND SIX UUNDRED AND _S'XTl _' _-SIX _PjUSDS STKRUNO I Our rulers appear to be thoroughly obtuse to the something worse than " _shabbiness , " ' the gross wickedness ol taking these enormous sums from the impoverishetl people of this country , to sate the overflowing colters of the imperial plunderer of empires , who alone should be responsible for the debt due ti - the Dutch money-jobbers . Ministers were kindly assisted by the arguments of Sir William Molcsworth , the mock liberal M . P , for Southwark , who undertook to prove that tbe money paid b y England on behalf of Russia and Holland , was paid on account of certain colonics seized Irom Holland , and retained by this country . Tbis explanation , if correct , only strengthens the argument we have ever maintained tbat the arrange *

      The Democratic Committee For Poland's Re...

      menta of 1815 should be totally abrogated . If . some generation or two back , the English government deprived Holland of _har lawful possessions , and ultimately sanctified the wrong by compelling Holland to accept a pecuniary compensation instead of returning the stolen property , making that compensation hy engaging-to pay a yearly 8 Ura extracted from the _Fh ° ?™ _li ! _Wsh people , who had no voice in the arrangement , this does not mead the matter for -W _^ i C 0 U _" / y : on tlle contrary , it forms an additional reason for their repudiation of thc entire rr .. _Bjeme & t . It appears that ifthe people will submit to it , generations yet unborn will be plundered to pay tim debt for the benefit of Russia . One thing , Uoweve y , is pretty certain , that long be * fere tbe year _191 o England will be lost or won . We hope and believe the latter . We have fervent faith _thatto-ng before _. that time thc people will have " their ain again , " and if so , _ive doubt not that tbey will have the good sense to pay off Russian tvrarts

      . and Dutch money-traffickers ( supposing either then to exist , a very doubtful matter ) with a wipe of thc sponge . The leaders ofthe " Protectionists , " Lord George Bentinck and Mr Disraeli , signalised themselves by their rabid denunciations of the Poles and their disgusting laudation ol Poland ' s oppressors . With an assurance that could bave been produced only by a combination of the grossest ignorance and insolence , Lord G . Bentinck read to the liouse of Commons what be called tbe revolutionary constitution of Poland . The document he read was an act organizing the insurrection , in which the penalties ef martial law . were necessarily included , But this was ne Constitution . The Cracow Manifesto , the precursor of the intended Constitution—proclaimed the principles of Equality , Fraternity , Justice and Mercy , but that Manifesto Lord George Bentinck found it convenient" not to allude to . With unblushing eil ' rontery " his lordship " said : •*

      -Far from censuring , I thank the mild , the clement Emperor ot Austria ; 1 thank the just King of Prussia ; lind I thank also the Emperor of Russia . I thank the Three _PowerB that tlieir too long forbearance has at last given way to the ' mercy of decision , ' and tbat they have smothered this den of revolutionists , who promised to keep Europe continuall y in hot water , whiUt thej were ruining their own country , and disturbing the peace of their neighbours !" Well might the house resound with derisive lmghter , while listening to "his lordship . " We trust his words will be remembered . Lord G , Bentinck aspires to be tbe Prime Minister of this eountry ; it is well , therefore , that the English people should know his true sentiments . The despotic sympathies of Lord G . Bentinck sufficiently exhibit the s : rt of " Protection" the people may expect , sbould he and bis party ever acquire power . Mr . Disraeli , not content with prostituting bis

      talents to an elaborate justification of the faith-breakin ? acts of the objects ofhis _admiration , the despotic de-poilers of Poland , descended to the pitiful meanness of insulting the weak and fallen . With Ian assumed obliviousness of history , he insinuated that Poland bad produced no great men . In reply , it may suffice to name Sobie * _ski , Copernicus and Kosciusko , but we should add that these stand not alone , they are the representatives of warriors , philosophers and patriots , that may compare with the truly great of any nation , Itis not true that the struggles in Polandare the efforts mere'ly of " a subverted aristocracy endeavouring to regain power . " The insurrection of Cracow was the work of men who earnestly desired the liberation and happiness of all classes of Poles , and their Manifesto faithfully represented the intent and object of the insurrection . Mr Disraeli ' s speech will not , however , injure any one hut himself . That speech stamps bim the apologist of despotism and the enemy of progress .

      "' Tis true , ' tis pity , and pity ' tis ' tis true . " . In accordance with the wishes of several Polish friends we bere reprint the petition prepared by this committee , adopted at a public meeting , and presented by Mr T . S . Duncombe to the House of Commons in the course of the debate on Mr Hume ' s resolutions : — To the Honourable the Commons _3 f Great Britain and Ireland , in Parliament assembled , — Sheweth : That despotic governments , foreign and ho . iiile to the people of Poland , have by brute force aud cruelty reduced tbe people of that country to a state of slave r and misery unexampled in the history of civilized nations .

      That this melancholy fact has beon repeatedly brought under tbe consideration of the British Parliament , but without _pnoducivig M \ at energetic action on the part of the British Government in behalf of the Polish nation , which , in the opinion of your petitioners , justice demands . Tbat the recent forcible annexation of Cracow to the Austrian empire was , in the opinion of your _petitioners , so gross a violation ofthe treaty of Vienna as to render that treaty no longer binding upon the several states of Europe . That your petitioners must express their dissatisfaction at the course taken by Her _Mi _. jrsty ' s advisers in relation to tho confiscation of Cracow . When faithless powers , whose only trust is in brute force , have to be dealt with , it is thc opinion of your p _.-titioners that acts , not words , should declare the will of this great nation

      That while your p ? _titioners desire tbe continuance of peace , they nevertheless ardently desire justice to the oppressed at any cost ; they , therefore , earnestly pray your honourable House to address Her Majesty tlie Queen , that she will be pleased to direct her ministers to forthwith cense intercourse with the governments of Russia . Austria , and Prussia , and to take , with tlie concurrence of Parliament , such other steps as may be deemed most advisable towards ensuring the restoration of Poland to the full extent of her ancient boundaries , and securing to the people of that country the full power to establish institutions independent of foreign control , calculated to secure the rights and happiness of the entire Polish people . And your petitioners , Jbc , etc .

      Tt is upon the broad principles laid down in the above petition , that this Committee bases its agitation on behalf of Poland . Tho confiscation of Cracow , and the payment of tribute to Russia , in the shape oftlie Russo-Dutch loan , are questions of minor importance , compared with the great question of Poland ' s right to independence as a nation . If we protest -- . gainst the ' confiscation of Cracow , it is because we _regard that act as the crowning crime of the long list ot atrocitie- perpetrated by Poland ' s assassins . If we protest against the payments made on account of tbe Russo-Dutch loan , it is because we

      hold our countrv to be dishonoured in _paying tribute to , or on behalf of the arch-enemy of liberty . If we remind the British Parliament that the Treaty ot Vienna has been utterly vio ' ated by the despotisms , we do so to remind the British government that they have no longer any excuse for respecting a set of arrangements which have ever been odious to the people of this country , as well as cruelly unjust to the people of Poland . In common with the Poles themselves , we protest against all the wrongs of which Pol-ami has been the victim from 1772 to the present time .

      The British government affect *} to found its foreign policy upon the principle of " non intervention : " but the truth is . it interferes when it should let alone , and is quiescent when it should be active . Spain and Syria , and the Republics of the River Pia'e , present notable instances of British intervention—we regret to add not much to the credit of this country . * At this moment , the government is about to interfere in the afl ' tirs of Portugal , for the purpose of maintaining a worthless Queen on the throne , in spite of the _wl-hes of the people of that country . In the case of Poland , action is held to be out ofthe question . Why so ? Why this distinction between I _' _ortugal and Poland ? Because in the case of _Portucal , British intervention is employed to protect

      despotism ; whereas , in Poland , intervention could only be employed in favour of the people . It is this system of protecting kings and queen ' , and _lighting against the people , which has brought so much odium upon England , the people of this country suffering in character for the sins ot their _aris-tocratical and irresponsible rulers , A truly national government , a government really representing the _people of England , would leave the Portuguese to settle accounts with their rulers in the wuy they deemed best ; at the same time , such a government would at once interfere to save Poland from further suffering , by compelling the cut-throat robbers who have despoiled her , to retire from their prey , leaving the Polish people to tbe enjoyment of the blessings of freedom and self-government .

      That the British Government will not fake this just and honourable course is fully evident ; it is , therefore , necessary that the friends of Poiaud should unceasingly labour to promote that state of public opinion which will insure national actio" in the right direction whenever another European struggle comes , or so soon as the British people have acquired their own rights , and with those rights the consequent power of controlling the government . Wc have spoken of another European struggle ; that struggle will certainly come . Dt spite the dreams of" permanent and universal peace" indulged in by certain enthusiasts , that _mi' . lenium is not yet nigh . On

      the one baud , the people are determined to be free ; on the other , the despots arc determined to maintain their power ; " might makes right" is their creed ; they will , therefore , use the force with which they are armed to beat down the people . War , therefor " , sooner or later , is inevitable . The question is not . shall there bs peace or war ? but whether this country shall take the side of the f _pressors or tbe _oppressed ? The British people must decide . Glory or infamy , the gratitude of nations or their vengeful hatred , will be the reward of this cuintry according as it may act in the future contests between the people and their tj rants .

      The crusade for the deliverance of Eastern Europe must and mil march onward . The signs of the times assure us that with or without the aid of the working classes of this country the propaganda for loland _' s restoration will advance . It is in the power of the people to stamp the movement with a democratic Character and ensure that its end shall be the triumph of democracy ; but if they regard the movement with apathy _smd short-sighted prejudice ,

      The Democratic Committee For Poland's Re...

      then other classes may inH . ii'nue its character , and it results may bu less favourable to humanity . Let a one suppose that the question of Poland ' s regeneration is not intimately connected with the progress of popular power and freedom in this country . The " Cracow Manifesto" combines the " People ' s Charter" with measures wbich would necessarily follow the enactment of tho " Charter . " The propaganda of the " Manifesto " is the agitation of the " Charten" therefore , , by giving a hel p ing band to our Polish brethren , we aid them in their struggle and at the same time advance our own cause : we win the fraternal affection of the people of other lands , and prive our own worthiness of ths freedom we aspire tov Forward , then , one and all ! ' Freedom ' s battle once b : gun , _Bequeath'd by bleeding sire to eon , Though baffl . 'd oft , is over won !"

      Signed on behalf of the commitee , _ . . . Ernest Jones , President G . Julian IIaiuvby , S _* c . London , April 15 th . 1847 .

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      _ifmuenai _$ _autam £ _!&

      Mondai, Aran 12. House Op Commons.—Lord ...

      Mondai , Aran 12 . HOUSE OP COMMONS . —Lord J . _Ruiseli . gave notice for Thursday to move for leare to bring in a bill for tbe suppression of vagrancy in Ireland . Mr . _Labocoiieke again postponed his motion for leave to bring in a bill for the reclamation of waste lands in Ireland , which stood in the __ notice , paper for Tuesday to Tuesday next . Surgeons and _Paymastebs _, —On motion that the house go into Committee of Supply , Sir _IfowABD Douons called thc attention of thc house

      to the case of medical officers , surgeons , and paymasters of regiment ? , who lind not been included in the warrant issued in July , 1816 , with a view to securing an "improved retirement" to all officers of the regimental staff , Mr Pox Maule thought that a much stronger case _should be made out te induce tho government to depart from tbe warrant in question . The house might rely upon It that the government would pay that attention to all officers connected nith the service , which was consistent with the finances of thc country _. After a few words from Mr Hume and Colonel Lindsay , the subject was dropped . Armv Grievances . —On the motion that the Speaker leave the chair ,

      Sir Dc LAcr Evans , after drawing the attention of the house to a comparison between the military and naval expenditure of Prance and that of this country , in _refutation of the assertions frequently made by Mr Hume and others , to the effect that this country was unnecessarily extravagant in reference to these two _str--vices , and after quoting Mr M Culloch , to show that it was erroneous to place tbe soldier and sailor in the category of non-productive persons , called attention to the Treasury regulation respecting ration stoppages in _thecolonies , to the propriety of amending tbe 72 nd clause of the Mutiny A _, ct , to the claims of old Peninsular officers who had sold their commissions , to the medal to be granted for that war , and to a variety of other matters connected with the service , and concluded by moving * an address to lier Majesty , praying that she might begraciously pleased to direct an impartial inquiry into all these matters , with a view to the correction of the abuses connected with them , _shuuld such correction ap . pear expedient .

      Mr Fox M & nLE _a-ould refrain from following the honourable and gallant gentleman through aU the topics which he bad introduced into his speech , and whieh comprehended almost every species of complaint that had ever been made in tbe house in connection with the service . He would remind tbe honourable and gallant gentleman , however , that a very great deal had been recently done to improve the condition of every department of tbe army , and begged to suggest to bim that it was inexpedient , whilst the Government was doing all tbat lay in its power , consistently witb the financial state of the country , to place the army , in all its ranks and grades , upon a better footing than heretofore , to ride a willing horse , i not to death , at least until he could go no further . The conversation was continued by Colonel Lindsay , Mr Hume , and Mr Williams ; after which , the motion was withdrawn . Navy Estimates . —The Ilouse then went into Committee of Supply upon tbe Navy Estimates , ' whereupon

      Mr Williams called tbe attention oftlie committee and government to the inefficient state of many of the ships in the service , and inveighed _Against the yearly increasing' estimates fur tbe naval departments , which he mainly attributed to the gross jobbing which took place in the dockyards , and to the extravagant expenditure of which they were the scene . This gave rise to a lengthy debute , which ended in nothing . The estimates underwent discussion and were subsequently agreed to . The house then resumed , and the report was ordered to bo recurved on Tuesday , The report on the Army Service Bill was then brought up and received , The bill to be read a third time on Thursday . The other business was then disposed of , and the House adjourned at half . past one o ' clock . TUESDAY , April ID . IIOUSE OP COMMONS— The Speaker tookthe chair at 4 o ' clock . Government Scheme of Education . — Mr T .

      Duncombe gave notice , tbat on reading the order of tbe day for a committee of supply , he sbould move that previous to any grant of publie money being assented to by this house , for the purpose of carrying out the scheme _ofnational education , na developed in the minutes of tbe Committee of Council on Education in August and December last , which minutes have been presented ta both hous ? s of Parliament by command of her Majesty , a select committee be appointed to inquire into the justice and expediency of such scheme , and its probable annual cost ; also , to inquire whether the regulations attached thereto do not unduly increase tbe influence ofthe Crown , invade the constitutional functions of Parliament , and interfere witb the religious convictions aud the civil rights of her M _. _jiisty ' s subjects . The committee to report their opinion with the evidence to the house .

      Registration of Voters . —Mr _Walt-ole moved for leave to bring in " a bill to amend the law for the registration of persons entitled to rote in the election of members to serve in _Patliament for England and Wales , pursuant to suggest ions contained in thc report of tbe committee on votes of electors . " The object of this bill was to prevent the wholesale objections which had been frequently made in counties to voters possessing bona fide qualifications , and to give to such voters a right to remain on the register , without being exposed to frivolous and vexatious objections . He proposed materially to alter the machinery of registration . First , he would give to those voters who had once proved their votes tbe

      privilege of remaining on tho register , without being liable to these objections in future ; and if objections wtro made , the objector sheuld he under the liability of a heavier penalty . The second object , which would be a great improvement , was to draw a distinction between objections resting on merely technical grounds , and those which went to the merits of tbo _quiiliiicatiou . The third object was to give to the revising barristers greater powers than they now possessed of correcting and purifying the register . This bill was entirely in _accord-ince with the suggestions of the committee oflast year , except that their first suggestion had _notbeca included . L . ' _/ _ive was given to bring In the bill .

      _Het-il Beer-houses . —Mr Muntz moved for . cave to bring in a bill to enable retail brewers iu the midland counties to _kecpopen tlieir houses till twelve o ' clock at night , the same as the metropolitan retail brewers , He also presented a petition signed by bttveem _lOO aud 800 retail brewers ot the midland counties in favour of the measure . These traders were of opinion that they were unfairly dealt with in being obliged to close their places of business at eleven o ' clock at night , instead of at twelve o ' clock , when the licensed victuallers closed their houses . The result was , that persons who were drinking in the houses of the retail brewers went to finish tbe evening at the licensed victualler !! , and paid the latter

      money which they ought' to leave witb tbe former . ( Laughter . ) He could not see why the retail brewers of _London should have the privilege of keeping open an hour _longir than their fellow-traders living in thc large provincial towns . It vets said the hours were later inth e metropolis , but though this might be the case as fur as the nobility and gentry were concerned , it did not apply to the working classes . For his own part , lie thought the privilege of being allowed to sell beer given to the retail brewers in thc first instance was an injury to the _licenced victuallers , hut when the house did give thtm that privilege he eould sec no rcasou why the further riglit for which they now sought should be refused to tlicm .

      Sir George Grey said , as tht hon . gentleman had stated bis grounds fur introducing the bill so very shortly , he weuld be equally brief in the observations wbich he should offer upon it . He thought it wa 3 hardly worth while to agree to the introduction of tbe bill , seeing that it would be impossible for hun to consentto Us further progress . The law of the 3 rd and 4 th of Victoria , chap . Cl , fixed three periods during which these _beershops—for such they were —( hear )—mi ght be kept open . He did not mean to throw any reflection on them by calling them beershops , because hu believed that iu Manchester and several otber large towns the greater number of tbem

      were respectably conducted , but they were still of a _clasn very distinct frem the houses kept by the licensed victuallers . By the act which he had just mentioned , the retail brewers n ere allowed in London , Westminster , and the metropolitan districts , to keep opeu tlieir bouses until twelve at night . In the liirge towns thty could keep them open till eleven o ' clock , and in the country until ten o ' clock . The proposition ofthe hon . gentleman was , that in ill cases where these persons wero now allowed tokeep their places of business open to eleven they thould hereafter keep them open until twelve o ' clock . Ue could see no reason ( or disturbing the existing arrangement in that manner . Under the efficacy of the supervision of

      the metropolitan police , the _uxtcuswn now allowed was not likely to be improperly exercised , and in Birmingham and some ofthe otber large towns , the police be had no doubt wero very efficient . When the hon . genUtman i however , proposed to cxteu < l his bill tO Bll towns bavin * 50 , 000 inhabitants or upwards , he ( Sir George Grey ) _feH it his duty to resist the motion , and he _ihould , therefor * , oppose tho Introduction of the bill , MrMPNTZ said he should feel it his duty to take the sense of the house on the question _. The hcute divided , when the numbers were—

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 17, 1847, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_17041847/page/7/