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Northern Star (1837-1852), 16th January 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 6, IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE " oF LORDS. P...

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      4 4 The Northern Star. January 16, 1847,

      4 4 THE NORTHERN STAR . January 16 , 1847 ,

      Crate' Flftobemnug.

      Crate' _flftobemnug .

      The Odd Fellows—Co Operation. To The Ipi...

      THE ODD FELLOWS—CO OPERATION . TO THE IPITOB OV THB HOftTnxM STA * . Si Sir , —in your last impression but ono you save some _sxttexUKcts from a prospectus of the Odd Fellows Land IBuilBuiWinir and Investment Society . As the vast meant o . _"be-iibe-net'tini _* : the members , _pr-s'essrd by societies so _extt-n _^ isivesively organized as the institution _al-oie referred to must if i if fully developed , exercise as a material influence for goo good upon the _position and _interests of tbat elass of eoesoeietj to whose advancement your energies are to ear earne « tly _devot-d , perhaps you will not deem a few rema marks upon this subject < -ut of place in your Journal .

      ' The Manchester unity of Odd Fellows and . orae other sir similar institutions profess to have a regard for the me moral character and social position of their members , _* n "ami do not confine the objects to the _sim-Je M « r'uK , ° ' sic sh * t « j aud fcneval bonuses , but design by the diffusion of of the entire _benefi-s _.-f their co-operation , in their own er expressive words- " to make better husbands and fath the-. . . and better membe r , of _socic-. _j ;' of this further d , d « _u-n . the mere provision of . sum of . nor . ej is in _itiell in in-ufficient to meet the require *** - " of » probably cob-Mi _tinge-ncy . and . a * a certain event , most Ml far short of , a . and 1 _^ wholly inadequate to its _accomphsbment The _prosj-ectusfr _.-m which jou quoted would indues u- us to hope that the BirminK rarfl district of _iha Mauckeste ter anitv _. atany rate , begins t « understand what a large d _. debt eif * duty _ityeto » _"es to itself , and may be taken aa a ft fmail instal "* n <* nt of a practical _resolution , to throw oi ove rboard the musty _prejudices which bave hitherto kept tt the institution _behind rather than in advance ot tht

      tl tlCK' 3 . Most Benefit Societies bave available funds which tr _mrsfb' . without infringing upon the required floating ci capital * he profitably and securely employed to the advi v _ane-e-ment of thv best interest * ot the members , hnt _« d in institution having hundreds of thousands of p ' _-unds at ti this moment in-rested in all sorts of Securities , and not re reali _** ngmorc tbasi average of two and a half per cent . a : an' which is for the most part available , bas within its c ci _' mfliflnd a means of accomplishing an amount of corp- por & _te and individual eootl , so vast at to be at present b but little , if at all , understood . Fe > r tlie m » st pert , the rj members of Benefit Societies are the non-consuming pro d ducers of wealth , they find the enjoyment of thote nrces . * saw comfort * , luxuries , and _appliinces to h » ppiness

      v which are tbe _fru t <; ol their labour , stranger * to their ' domtstic hearth ; they may be said literally , te bniid 1 _faoise * for Other men o inhabit . Nay , they weave sbiru t for other men ' s barks , while their own go bare . And , if ; asked , how it happens that sacb is their position , or 1 what it is that tuck _' e on their shoulders the Wtter yoke < of unmitigated slavery so effectually , th'v would probably i answer , the accursed monopoly of wealth . Bat let me i ask these thoughtless slaves , Are tbey helping to boild i up the mon _« ter or to _deftroy itt They are casting I their accumulated and hard-earned contributions into _tini rich man ' s treasury . Tbey place their thousands , which i should be wisely appropriated to the redemption of their < own rights , in the 1 _ands of their _oppressors as _weipont i most snrely to b ? employed -gainst tliem in their alreadj unequal straggles fur social and politic . - )! privileges . If ; a more _. _qualdistriba _-. ou of wealth be oue thing nfeesiai > to the full . _iccomylishme-ut pf the moral and social elevation of our _member * , can we be doing anything ••

      _powvrfally opposed to our best interests , as by adding our mites to the great mounta ' a tbat stands between us and oar _hapr-ines * * On the contrary , suppose we be . come our own bankers , an . l instead of _hclding a piece Of paver , with the : represented name ol s _rupposed rich banker up > n it , as security for our cash , we laid it out in tli * purchase of land , or lind and dwellings , for our _menibirf , by which means v . * confer upen them the ble « sings of a freehold interest la the soil , aud till redeemed , lock np in our strong boxes th * - titles as security for our money . Fr . _mi extensive informatiou I have col lecte-1 _, and _calculations wbich I have made , founded upon that _tafinnatv-n _, I have no hesitation in _sayin-.-that , hy adopting a rational _s _\ st _*; m of a « suring benefits , bonuses and annuities , for the widows and orphans ot the members of th < - _Manrhiste-r Unity , an available fand of one hundred tbou _** aud pounds per year w . uldbe at our disposal from th . e . sourc _? a' . me , whict > , added to our present enormous _capital , backed by the idle cash of our _menibtra . collected under a _wrl ' -devised icl . e me of

      investtn . nt , we may house the vnaow , r . ucata the orphan , instruct the ignorant , employ the 'die , and , iu twenty-five year » , g * v « every man a freehold house , and do much towan ' s giving you the Charter , by altering the whol * _constituency of _Enp hod . I shall not attemp" _totrespiss too much upon yoar space , -ind therefore pass by ut present , the _impc-riant _questions involved in the _c- > _n-i < * rr ; itioa of Low far the carrying out of onr design would alter our mortality and snch taides , or how far the entire social and domestic condition of the , hum Wet classes would be changed . Dr . _Soathwood Smith savs 5 . O 00 die _annually from living in

      damp , _ill-ventilBted , and ill-drained bouses . Mr . Chadwiek in his report gives an appalling account of sickness arising from _causss entirely _wit'iin tbe controul of Odd Ffcllov- _*; , and similar _aiswh-ioni . In _England and Wales , it is attuned _npsn substantial data , that nut less than 37 , 000 woman are annually made widows from _preTcntible causn alone . 1 need not tag another wonto convince any _reflecting member , that _paying the ben _« - fies when due—au . 1 ourselves _unmeaning con . pliments at anniversary meetings , or i ven organizing money clubs _, are but small _beginnings , and form bat an insignificant portions of the great work which we bare set ourselves

      to do . Of the Association proposed by the Pros-- * - _, ' . us issued by a section of the members of thu Birmingfi .. . 1 _district , tbe most valuable part is tha proposed investment d _» - psrtm » nt , _supporingittobeeoapre-hciisively e- «> n _» tituted ; s > _oittning a field for th . employment of capital which is at present so unpTofitably disposed of . The moment is exceedingly opportune , inasmuch at advantage- may be taken of your admirable plans for the _government of your Bank of Deposit , and it would appear the Birmingham Odd Fellow ? , as a body , are grieviously deficit ut in _prtcticsl information upon these matters , Tin- ou ' . y rules _ai present put forth are for most part a reprint o- laws governing several money clubs _already _established , and the investment part is at present sot referred to . 1 , therefore , strongly recommend tbe promoters to look from time to time in the AbrtAern Star for a few original ideas .

      As my views I think apply to ail benefit societies , and as countless of ynur readers are no doubt members of such unions , I shall , with your permission , throw together a few ideas on " _llouey and its u » _es , 6 u * asrtiulionally considered , "for a future _session , should you favour me by an insertion . Meanwhile _permit m « to congratulate the slaves—bees in the great hive of industry—tbat your indomitable perseverance ha * opined to thtm ( not only by tbe improved prospects of a speedy _acecmplithment of your great principles , bnt hy tha carrying out of your Land and Deposit scheme .- ) a chance of getting a taste of the money , I am Sir , Yoar Obedient Servant , E . H . T . Birmingham , Jan . 4 , 1847 . 017 IS *

      LAB R NEW YORK . ITS CIRCUHSTAKCES , COXDITIONS £ REWARDS , ( From the Tribwnt . } HO . IV . —THE _BOOKBINDBBS . Tbe Bookbinders , as a class , are perhaps one of the most contented , respectable , and industrious trades in the city . The number of those employed in thc respectable establishments is about 700 , and they tarn on the average from eight to nine dollars per week . Perhaps one-half of them are engaged by tha week , and the others by the piece . The regular price per week is 8 dollarsthough some get 6 dollar- ; 50 cents or 0 dollars . They work ten hours a day . The piece-workers havo a greater range of prices , though the average , except for extra worker * , u about tha same . Some journeymen have great skill and industry , and average as high as fifteen dollars per week . We could mention a man who makes , whenever he chooses , twenty dollars per week .

      A majfiri . y of tbe Journeymen Bookbinders are Americans , and the _properrion of foreigners _improbably smaller than in any other trade . Those educated ia this country work indiscriminately at Forwarding and Finishing but the English workmen understand only a single branch—Forwarding , _MarbUug , Gilding , Stamping , or Finishing . Spending the _whuie of tlieir apprenticeship thus on a single branch , they usually _bee-oene » ery neat workers , but not swift . They don ' t seem to get into the way of driving businesslike th- ; Americans . There are a few Germans engaged in the business , and , so far at we cm ascertain , butonn Irishman . The prices paid for piece work of course * vary with the _different _, size , style , & c _, of the book to be bound so that u . full list of prices would oceupy too much room Tha prices for the most _usml kind iru as follows : — For 18 s . and 12 s . in skiver out of boards , 1 dollar 30 cents , or 2 dollar * for Forwarding , ana tlie same for Finishing .

      Sheep , f ? vos . cut in boards , ( such as . aw Books , kc . ) 3 _de-Hira per hundred in i ... i » jrding , and _frjtn ii to 4 _rlu'laii for Finishing , Calf sewed on vellum , 80 . uts per volume ; Gi ' t _- _'•* -.. 31 _csnts ; Morocco , 3 i _rea-s ; . x-. ra work , i . _v /« 1 , r _« r , , _* _jt-enesrally done by the werk . : _iu-l is paid 'r . < m 10 to 15 _4-j'iirs . Although we say tbat A- _* i _. _\ _a-i-bre-d journeymen work _iadu-. runinaiely at Forw _< _r- * : rj , jnd _Finuh-ng , yet thes--tiro branches are carried o separately , and by two _s-.-U of hands . Tbe number of Forwarders is about twice that of the Finisher * . Many establishment- ; _snnd thei _** _werk out to be lettered ind gilded . The oriiumi-e . t-. il border * en the covers of book- * , whether leather or muslin , are j done by machinery . This _process is called _Stamping .

      The Journeymen Bookbinders generally havo _constnr t _aa-t till employment ( tho * wc mean who hold _regular _iiitii-ti ' _. ns ) from _September _» - Jinuary and from _Mare'i _tuJrj _' y . the two 'siMS . _ns' < n . « 11 business counect .-l with Book-makimj . In : > . e _i-i' _<* rral « _w-. rk U « lack . i " i . c Bookbinders havo <• _Suctatj _iac . irp _-r . _»* ' _-d by the li _. gislatoxein 18 J 0 , under the title of ths "Sew Vork Benevolent Association of " •• _wiitider _* .. " It _;* e _' . mply a benevolent institution , ui . a . i < _isn- * Uiiug to do . vith _reg-ilating prices , hoars , _ic . r _^ . e B _-ykoin ers' Union , " t ; _wt'Vf-r , has been recently lu . tituted for th _' : se purposes , » ad _raauy of the journey ,, _j * _» iave _> already b ; comc members . As ia the _Cxse of the foldtra and sewers , there aro several establishments in tha city where business is _conucted upon any thing bat _honoarjble principles . The

      The Odd Fellows—Co Operation. To The Ipi...

      _P roprietors go round to the publishers and solicit work at half price , employ " rats" at three and four dollars p . r week , and turn out , of course , _misew We work . 8 ome of them do not pay their workmen at all , and when they become clamorous for their money , _disrh-rpe them and hire a new net . There are emp loyers _** _" _«•• lwe practised t is system for years , not only with the men but witb the w . imen employed by them . The lattrr have been Indeed infamously imposed upon in _thic way , and we have been told of casrs where even respectable aged females , wben importuning for their little earning , have been repulsed and driven , away v-W * violence .

      The folders and sewers , too , employed in these est * _, _blishiaentsa-c wronged , in the most unprincipled manner . They are iu thc first place engaged as apprentices , and « re told that they must _we-rk six weeks for nothing—after which they will be journtywomen , and entitled to full prices . Well—tbey work patiently six weeks and are _then—discharged to make room for a new batch of apprentices , who are taken in and dona for on the _gssne terms ! Probably oao good worker is permanently retained _, to instruct the new lecruits . The _abovearticle waa followed by a letter from on ofthe trade , _correcting _somuof the statements made by the editor ofthe _TVi'tane . We give the following extracts •—

      From a report on the state of the trade read before the Onion we learn there are 67 shops i * the " city , employing 332 journeymen and 187 apprentices , making a ti . tal of 5 S 9 ; and if we add to ihis numb _. r a few robbers and employers who work themselves the effective force cannot be less than 600 men aud boys . The Bible SocMj Tract _Ifouse and Methodist Book concern pay by the piece ami give work to 104 men , but no apprentices . The fe * rwardtrs may average through the _yeov nine dol . lars per week ; the finishers ten . It is true there are a few men in these _estttMi-dimeutB who by unceasing industry and the closest app lication earn more ; but even these _^ do not affe ct the _general result . In Harper ' s bindery there are 23 men and 22 apprentices ; tbe _forwarders receive nine dollars par week , the finishers ten ;

      and to make it a matter of certainty that these sums are earned , each man it obliged to furnish a statement of the quantity of work done within the week . There is one other firm having onejnurneymmaiid seventeen apprentices , who probably pay their men about the same wages . There are two or three other shops wbera fiuo work is chiefly done , ' and some of the Bccountbook establish _, ments , which pay nine and ten dollars per week . The smaller shops pay less , the quantity of tbeir work being uncertain , but tbe quality governed by the price ' . sharp and grinding competition having reduced the price of _binding a large 12 _aio . of about 500 pages to eleven cents _, and probably school books of this site are done for eight cents . The only mystery in this case is , that workmen are paid at all .

      The numberof _fareign era cannot be less than sixteen per cent . —a few Germans , some Irishmen , more English , rtho are not only generally perfect in the branch to wliich they confine themselves , but as a natural consiquence of the division « . f labour , swift . And here let me express my admiration for that wondrous individual " who makes , whenever he _ahooses , _twen-y dollars per week . " Von may be able to " name him , " but when you look far him depend upon it he _< aill be found in company with th * Flying Dutchman . fYou are _miataken and we w * r _« right . We can both _nama bim and find him . lED . iV . r _. _'T ,

      MB . DUNCOMBE , M . P . AKD THE KNA * E 3-BOROUGH WEAVERS . At the usual weekly meeting of the hand-loom weavers of this place , their secretary informed them that he had t > -en waited upon by Thomas S . Duncombe , Esq ., MP who had made it his business to inquire after the welfare ofthe Trades Association ot this place , and other matters _connected with their trade . The weavers were highly gratified at the intelligence . Tbe foV . onlng vote of thanks was moved by Thomas fintterfield _, and secunded by acclamation : — " That the best thanks are due and are hereby given to Thomas S . Duncombe , Esq , M . P ., for his manifold exertion in the cause of the toiling millions , and for he trades in particular , and we promise the _patriotic _( . _- _ntleman to use our utmost exertiuui to carry out bis recommendation . "

      BARKSLEY WEAVERS . At a public meeting of the Barnsley band-loom weavers , held in Mr . Pickering ' s large room , on Monday night , January Uth , the following _resolutions were agreed to : — "That this meeting instruct the committee of the union , to exert themselves to the utmost of their ability , to prevent any reduction in the present , list of prices ( namely the August list of 1837 ); and further to do their best to bring the whole ofthe linen weavers of the town and country into the union . " " That this resolution be _aent to the _Abrtaern Star for publication . " Chairman atthe meeting , FaiNK _MiartBLD .

      THE NEWTON * " CONSPIBACY . " TO THE EDITOR OF THE _NOXTHEXM STA » . _Dtar Sir , —I beg leave through the medium of your most valuable and widely circulated journal , to address a t < w words to the _Tra-les of Great Britain and Ireland , in behalf of our persecuted brethren at Nenton in the ¦ Willows . It will be recollected by your readers , that many of those men were on the 26 th of November last , taken from their beds , and dragged off t » prison in the middle e _> f the night , and on the following Wednesday , seventeen of them underwent an examination before the magistrate of Warrington , on a charge of conspiracy , wbich _resulted in their committal to the Liverpool Special Assizes , n hich opened the week following . The men very wisely put tbeir case in tbe bands of Mr . Roberts , who hat achieved sa many victories for tbe operative class , thereby entitling himself tn tlieir uubounded confidence .

      The indictment prefeared against the men at Liverpool was upwards of 28 yards long , " and occupied nine hundred aud ninety folio pages . Mr . Roberts , bowever , traversed the _e-a _* _-e , aud tbe men attended and renewed their bail . In addition to tbe seventeen _already named , therejwere warrants issued against Bine others , who have sine * surrendered themselves , and entered into bail , making altogether twenty-six , who will have to take their _trisls at the forthcoming Assites , My _eil-ject for troubling you or the present occasion ia , to imprest upon the trades tbe necessity of at once coming forward , and rendering all the pecuniary assistance they _posribly can—for they may rest assured that if _th-. s case is allowed to be lost for want of funds , they will ever have occasion to lament their apathy , for it is perhaps the most important trial on record , as affecting tbe traetei of this

      country , and doei not only involve the interest of the parties immediately connected with it , but that of every operative throughout tha country , no matter what trade bv may belong to ; and will , ia all probability , establish a precedent tbat all our future struggles will have to be governed by . Lst it aot , therefore , be said tbat we allowed twenty-six of our order , who were nobly struggling for tbeir rights , to be _victimiud for want ef our support ; for if we do , we shall justly merit the execration of all good men . But I entertain too high an opinion of the trades of tbis country to donbt tbat tbey will for a moment withhold their support , when they are fully acquainted with the importance ofthe case ; and I hope that each _individual will look npon this as his own case , and let us at once crush tbe " Monster Indictment , " and teach our oppressors that thsy will not be allowed to tyrannize over us with impunity .

      The case , to far as the men are concerned , is under the most favourable auspices , being solely conducted by our own " Attorney General , " who has already retained some ofthe mp _* teminent counsel at thc English Bar , so that it onl y remains for us to perform our dutiei—namely , to supply the " sinews of war ; " and if tbat duty be well performed , I have no doubt but tbat it will be brought to a successful issue . , _^ in conclusion , I may state that there is unavoidably heavy expense _iucurred weekly in sustaining the men ; and that it is essentially necessary that a fund be raised to defend them on their trials , which will no doubt cost a great deal uf money . Hoping that this bumble , though earnest appeal , may bo the means of arousing the trades to a sense of their duty , I am sir , Your most humble and obliged servant , A Member or the Steak _Enoims _Maxexs' _Ssciett , am , a Constant Readie or tbe " Stab . "

      Liverpool , January 13 th , 2817 . ( Jollier ' s Cosfebenck . —On Wednesday , at eleven in the forenoon , the halt-yearly meeting of _oelegatea connected with the _Mirers' Association of Great Britain and Ireland , commenced their sittings at the house of Mr . John Miller , the Legs-of-Man Inn , Market Place , Wigan . There were present on the occasion upwards of twenty-four delegates , including _i-omo of the most popular lecturers of the miners ' _grievancrs . We understand that among the subject ! " _! ' . iiseuf . _sion .-ire , " the getting of coal by weight , nnd tmt by _m-asore , " as heretofore ; and also , " the n _^ _ces-iity of soliciting the interference of the government ' _-n ih »* _siiije-ct of the better ventilation of coal mines , "—Manchester Guardian .

      Furu. Accidirt Is The Citt-R0ii>.*—On We...

      _Furu . _Accidirt is the Citt-R 0 ii _> . _*—On Wednesday . _A ' . r . W . Payne held an inquest at St . Bartholo-« iew ' o Hospital , on the body of Mrs . Mary Smith , aged 82 . The deceased , who was a widow , and resided iu the Mile-end road , on Tuesday paid a visit to Mr . Morey , butcher , Whitecross-strcet , where , having reuwiued till ten o cloc k ., Mr . Morey desired me of his journeymen to convey her home in a light cliaise cart . The hor * e had proceeded as far * ¦ _* _* the City-road , when opposite _Old-street , the _nniraal ... II . t . , ... !• . _

      stumoiea , ana oom ueceasea ana tue unvtr were thrown out . The deceased , who was bleeding from the forehead , on being picked up waa carried into a surgeon ' s , who , for some time , refused to attend to her , till he knew by whom he was to be paid ; on which point being satisfied , he tried to _ftdmiui-. ter a draught , but deceased was incapable of _swallowing . She was then p laced in a cab and conveyed to the hospital , where , on arriving , she was quite dead . Verdict— " Accidental death . " ¦ J »* v Festival . — -The yearly gipsy festival , which ie _Iit-lel by a clergyman ot Southampton , who has . _Tru _. iJe _£ reat « _fforta to educate and reform the gipsies , I . ik place a few days since at Spring Uill , _rn-ar that Town . Th 'lib but few of these outca-ts have been wn . i ! y iecl'"m _*" l , yet a great improvement is said to L ' * visibl ** among those frequenting the New _Foro-t-i which ie a favourite gipsy haunt .

      The Short Time Question. Mr. Oastler's C...

      THE SHORT TIME QUESTION . MR . OASTLER'S CHALLENGE TO MR BRIGHT TO DJSCUSS TIIE SHORT TIME QUESTION .

      Manciikbtrr , Jan . 13 . As the factory operatives here can command at least five hundred votes , the short time question has not been thought undeserving the attenti' _-n of either Lord Lincoln or Mr . Bright , although both are equally oppo » edtothe views of the _working classes on that point . Mr . Bright _having , in one of his electioneering speeches , said something ofthe proprierty of _discus-iing the question " in thc calmest and most friendly spirit , " Mr . Oastler has shown his readiness to meet the Hon . '' entlemnn ' _s expressed wishes , as may be seen from the following challenge published inthe "Ten _Houro' _Advocate" of this day , with which the editor cf that publication has kindly favoured me : —

      TO JOHN BRIGHT , ESQ ., M . P . Sir—My attention has been _sSirected to the following extracts from a speech delivered by you to the electors of the _Chorton-upon-Mcdlock district , Manchester , on Monday _evenitig , the 7 th ultimo . I copy from the _MtmeAesfcr Examiner uf the 12 th of December , 18-16 : — "There was another question on which some persons in this town felt deeply , and that was the question of legislative interference with the ; hours of labour in factories , 'ihis was a question which of all others should be discussed in the _calme-st and most friendly _spirit . He ( Mr . _Bright'did net believe there was any man in favour ofa Ten House' Bill , because he thought it would injury anyboiiy . ' 'He had been asked if education would uoc go on faster if the hours were

      reduced ? There was no doubt that it would ; and no one disputed that tlie people would be much better for it , other things remaining the same . Give the workpeople , if possible , the _anme wages fov ten _huurs as they now get for twelve house' work , and tho young will have two more hours in the evening for education and play , and the elder for reading and amusement . There was no man in Manchester more anxious to see such a _t-tate of things than he was . For any one to suppose that he was not a friend to education , whether private or public , or that he w- uld not do all ho could to advance and increase the intelligence of the people , waB an indication that the individual forming such an idea knew nothing whatever about his ( Mr . Bright' - *) private or

      public character . ( Much cheering . ) It might be said that the working cla-ses were willing to ri « k a reduction of _wagca . Why , we were all willing to risk , the danger wbich we did not believe in . All who had attended the meetings addressed b y Mr . Fielden , Mr . Oastler , or Mr . Ferrand , must havo heard those gentlemen bring forward arguments to convince the working classes that thefe would really be no reduction in wages . _ISow , he could not conceive a guilt more dreadful than tbat of a man coming before a large audience of the w orking classes , unless hehad first deceived himself —( Hear)—forthe purpose of endeavouring to persuade them that they might work ten hours a day instead of twelve , and tbat by some sort of Act of Parliament jugglery they could have twelve hours' wages for ten _houis' work . ( Much cheering . ) And it must be borne in mind that the individuals who were preaching these things

      to working men had never shown any extraordinary sagacity hitherto on public questions . Mr . Fielden _InniBelf had beeu no great advocate for the repeal of ihe Corn Laws —( Hear)—he never supported , but always derided the League , Had Mr . Oastler dime anything in favour of freeing the industry ofthe country ? ( Cheer *" . ) Had Mr . Ferrand proved himself , by his votes , to be a particular friend of the working man ? ( Great laughter , and applause . ) Unless you could prove that twelve hours' wages would be given for ten hours' work , you have proved nothing whatever . ( Cheers . ) For the man to attempt to improve the condition of the _workingclasses , to enable them to educate their children better , to make their homes more comfortable , and to render them independent , by diminishing their wages one-sixth or one-seventh , was to go in the very opposiU direction to that in which he professed to be travelling . "

      Mr . Fielden and Mr , Ferrand , being Members of the House of Commons , will be able to reply to you there . I , having no such privilege , must endeavour to meet you elsewhere . I rejoice that you are disposed " to _discus this question in the calmest and most friendly spirit , " in such spirit 1 desire to meet you . lam prepared to argue the questions at issue , with you , in the Free Trade Hall , Manchester ; I select that room as being the largest in the town . I propose that free admission shall be given to all . Other arrangements I leave to your committee and the Short Time Committee of Manchester . I propose to maintain the following propositions by facts and by arguments : — 1 . That it is a delusion to suppose that the factorychildren can be educated under thc present system el twelve hours' daily labour .

      2 . That it is _atallaci to suppose that a reduction of the hours of labonr from twelve to ten per day will eause a reduction of" one-sixth or one-seventh " in the wages of persons whose labour is thus reduced . I think I have stated the subjects fairly . No one can doubt their importance ; and , as you have publicly charged me with " either deceiving myself , or being dreadfully guilty , " for tbe course which I have been pursuing , it is impossible that , in fairness , you should refuse to hear my defence . I shall not shrink , if you require it , to enter into a comparison of our respective " sagacity on public questions , " nor from answering your query , " Und Mr . Oastler done anything in favour of freeing the industry ofthe country ?"

      In " the spirit of calmness and friendship , " I am prepared to meet you . Truth U ray aim . I think I am fortified thereby . I remain , Sir , Yours _respectfully , _RicniKD Oasilbb . London , Jan . 6 . A deputation from the Short Time Committee have been appointed to wait on Mr . Bright , to present him with a copy ofthe challenge , and ascertain whether he is willing to redeem his promise to discuss this important question in a " calm and friendly apirit . "

      Sudds;-* Dbath Dcri.No Sufpeb.—On Wednes...

      Sudds ; - * Dbath dcri . no Sufpeb . —On Wednesday , Mr . Mills held an inquest at the Brier-layers' Arms , Little Clarendon-street , Somers-town , on the body of Mrs . Ann Parbury , aged 77 , a widow lady , residing at No . 72 , Union-street , in the same neighbourhood . The deceased , who was well and hearty on the previous Thursday evening , bad sat down to supper with her niece , when , suddenly exclaiming , " 1 feel very bad , " she fell off her chair to the floor in a state of insensibility . She was placed ou a bed , wben life was found to be extinct . Verdict , — "Natural death . "

      Dabi . _vo BuKGLARr at _Ladt Bar * - . —One of the mo * t daring burglaries which has occurred in this neighbourhood for some time took place at Burnage , atan early hour on Saturday morning last . There resides at Lady Barn , Burnage , a farmer named John Wood , whose age ia about seventy , and who is very well known iu that neighbourhood for some peculiarities which eften attach to men of his age and condition . Ue is not only reputed to be wealthy , but he was supposed to have considerable sums of money secreted in different parts of his house . Mr . Charles Wood , a nephew of the old man , also lives at Lady Barn ; he bas a wife and children , and these , with a dumestic servant , make up the whole uf the _mms-tea About one o clock on Saturday morning , nine or ten men broke into the house . Some of them had their

      laces blackened * others wore masks , * one or two carried pistols , ' and all the rest had bludgeons . Some of them had thrown over tlieir clothes loose calico frocks . One of their first acts was to fasten down on their beds the nephew , Mr . Charles Wood , his wife , and his children , and to order them , if they had any respect for their lives , to keep quiet . The servant girl they employed in holding and carrying abuut for them a light . The grand point of their attack was the bed room of the old farmer . Having secured the other inmates , they proceeded thither , broke open the door , presented a pistol at the head of . the farmer , and bade him to reveal where bis treasurers were secreted . The quaking old matt was not very prompt in making the expected revelations ; and the ruffians kept urging him to confession by the most horrible and barbarous threats . The ruffians at length left him , and with the servant girl as their lamp-lighter , ransacked the house in search if the hidden treasures . They remained in the house

      for nearly an hour and a-half , but as far as the police can ascertain , they only succeeded in finding one puree , containing £ 24 . This , together with a watch , a .-. word stick , and two or three other trifling articles constituted the whole of the booty , so far as is yet known ; for the old man is either unable or unwilling to make any further disclosures . . Three men , Emanuel Wainwti |> ht , llenry Hartley , and John Holden , have been apprehended on suspicion of having been concerned in this daring outrage . Fire at _Siouuton Casilb . —On Saturday morning , a fire broke out upon the premises of Stourton Castle , near Stourbridge , the residence of James Foster , Et > q , an _ironmasterof _greateniiflenci ? . It is suppo . sed that the fire originated in the sleeping apartment of Miss Foster , who , on awaking in the middle ofthe night , observed that the room was in flames . By great exertion the flames were checked _be-ore they had spread further , but several of the apartments were much injured .

      -Saiftrupto

      _-Saiftrupto

      [From The Gazette Of Tutiday, January 12...

      [ From the Gazette of Tutiday , January 12 . ) J . Parsons , tledwa * ,-str « et _, _riorsefcrry-road _, Westminster , bieker-J . T . _Hoskius _, _lUacklieatli , boardiu-j . housttkeepur-R . W . Samson , Essex-wharf , nenr the Strand , _cual-morchant—J . li . Elworthy , llridgwuter , Somersetshire , elrauer—J . _I'ickurel , jun ., Exeter , hatter— , * . Gcmmill , j « n ., Liverpoool , ship-broker—A . White , "Bishop _Woarmoutb , Durham , coal-owner .

      Pwir Jfcttting ^ .

      pWir _Jfcttting _^ .

      Court Of Aldermen. On Emonday A Court Wa...

      COURT OF ALDERMEN . On _eMonday a Court was held for receiving the pre-¦ _Sntments of tho several ward inquests , and for swearing in the constables . The Foreman of the Precinct Jury of St . Dunstan ' s made a presentment _agiiinBt certain old houses in Fetter-lane , belonging to " the City of London , which were made depositories of filth , to the great shame and injury of the _aeighbourhood and other houses in the same vicinity , in which the lives of tin crowded inhabitants were in constant danger , on account of tlie enormous accumulation of offensive matter in and about them . It also related to dilapidated houses .

      Sir JiMEs Dukk ( the Alderman of the Ward ) _« aid thero was abundant medical evidence to show that the densely crowded _sta'e of the neighbourhood , » nd the want of sewerage , produced fever to an alarming extent in the close localities to which the presentment alluded . Thc dan _^ erouB state of other housts _, as regarded the building of them , should be also particularly attended fo . The City Solicitor said , that in consequence ol the recent alteration in the Jaw , any person who apprehended danger from a building could apply to thi district surveyor , and at once oblige him to move in the business .

      Alderman _JonnsoK said a vast deal of filthy _nuilatico spoken of in the presentment was attributable to the neglect of _draining these narrow and closely . _populated places , for great care had been taken to make the most extensive and _efficient sewer--. lie considered that it would be a great point to be informed how the inhabitants could be compelled t < _- make drains from their houses into the _commot ' _sewers , which had been so largely formed _throughouthe City . Tho Citt Solicitor said if a nuisance ofthe kind were occasioned by the misconduct of an individual _, that individual was liable to prosecution by tin Court . If it assumed tho public character oi a nuisance , thc Commissioner * - of Sewers were the authority to which application ought to be made . In th ' firBt case the prosecution was instituted by the City Solicitor at the expense ofthe City , under the direction of the Alderman of the ward .

      The Foreman of Farringdon-without Ward made a presentment , to which was annexed a petitioi aeainst the return of Messrs . Lyas and Ohbard a-Common _Councilmcn for that ward , on the _i-rouiii that they were not qualified as resident householders . The petition stated that the two persons whose _naauiought to be returned were Mr . Harding and Mr . Carpenter , and prayed that Counsel might be heare before the Court upon the subject . Referred to thc next Court .

      TENANTS' RIGHTS . On Monday , a very numerous meeting of tenanl farmers and agriculturists ( convened by the Far were' Club ) took place in the large saloon nf Hadley ' s Hotel , Bridge-street , Blackfriars , for the purpose of considering the question of tenant right , with a view to obtain some remedial measures from the Legislature , and to shew how far would a wellregulated system of tenant right be beneficial to tin landlord . Mr . T . Fisher _Hobbs presided , and briefly ex plained Ihe objects for which the meeting had been convened , and the importance of the subject at a time when we were so closely approaching tbe session of Parliament . The tenant farmers were desirous ol shewing that a well-regulated system of tenant right , so far from inflicting injury , would prove beneficial tothe landlord .

      Mr . Shaw said that tbe cultivation of the soi ' throughout the kingdom was capable of great improvement ; that the more definite the tenure , thi more valuable it was to the occupier £ _that-security ol tenure would enable a tenant to procure and emploj capital for improvement ; that a system of leases would be the means of establishing such security ol tenure , and that another security and encouragem n for improvement would be a compensation for unexhausted improvements at thc giving up of a farm . Si veral other gentlemen addressed the _meeting , and accorded with the views of Mr Shaw ; and a Committee was ap-ointed to communicate with members of Parliament or thc subject .

      Proposed Removal or Westminster _Bribob . — A numerous and highly respectable meeting oi the inhabitants of Westminster , Pimlico , an _<* Lambeth , took place , on Monday , at the Westminster Mechanics' Institution , Smith-street , Westminster , to _consider the proposal of an erection of a new bridge at _Chat-ing-cross , in _subxtitution for the present bridge at Westminster . Sir de Lacy Evans , one of tbe members of the city , took the chair , and the meeting was addressed by the Dean of West raimuer , Mr . Whatcly , Q . C ., Mr . P . Wood . Q . C ., Mr . J . C . Wood , Mr . Uawes , M . P ., and other influential gentlemen , in speeches _stronsly condemna tory of the proposed change . Resolutions in accordance with these sentiments were unanimously passed and a determined opposition in Parliament wat agreed to be given to the Bill .

      Representation op Westminster . —Mr . Charles Cochrane , the candidate for the city , addressed a meeting of electors and others on Monday night , in Milbank , when a resolution , approving of his principles , was unanimously passed . Tub _AsiLtiM for ths- Deaf and Dumb . —The half-yearly meeting of thc donors and subscribers to this benevolent institution waa held at the _London Tavern , on Monday . The committee mentioned tinfact that in consequence of the increased facilities ol conveyance , they had children in the asylum fron : the most distant parts of the kingdom . There were pupils from thirty-six out of the forty English counties , from five out of the twelve _We'sh counties , from the Channel Inlands , and from Ireland , _hesidci one from the East Indies , and one from South Aus tralia . At the present election there were thirty vacancies to be filled up , and for these sixty-six candidat a had _ptesentcd themselves , twenty-six _yirls and forty boys .

      Marylkbo _* . _!* Vestry . — At the meeting of the Marylebone _vestiy , on Saturday , a memorial to the Privy Council waa agreed to , expressing regret at the proposed division of the parish for the erection of a local court , and _beuging the Privy Council to reconsider their intention . At the same _meetisg Mr . G . Daniel directed attention to tbe fact that the parish had overdrawn its account at the bankers to the amount of £ 50 , and he moved a resolution recommending that a sum be raised by loan . The resolution was agreed to . The deficiency was said to have arisen from the increased price of provisions . Sir James Uamilton , Bart ., stated the following tobe the prices of the two last years : — 1846 . 1847 .

      Flour , per sack £ 2 18 £ 2 13 3 _Chee-se , per ewt 2 17 0 S 2 0 Barley , ditto 0 11 G 0 16 9 Peas , per bushel 0 7 6 0 8 G Potatoee , per ton 8 15 0 9 10 0 Wakepield . —Destitution in Irkland .- —A public meetinu ot the Inhabitants of Wakefield , _conteneu by the Chief Constable , at the request of a numerously-signed requisition , took place on Monday last , January 11 th , in the Music Saloon , Woodstreet , John Fletcher , chief constable , took the chair . Mr . Thormv * Micklethwaite , proprietor of the "Wakefield Journal" _rt-nd the placard calling the meeting , for him . The chairman then called upon W . 11 , Leatham , Esq . to move the first resolution _, which was expressive of sympathy , and a desire

      t - alleviate the extraordinary _sufferinps of the famishing Irish . Thc resolution was seconded by the Rev . . Mr . Smith , and carried unanimously . Other resolutions , of a formal character were proposed , and carried in a similar manner , being _sevetally moved and seconded by Captain Wood , Rev . Mr . Teal , Rev . Mr . Maclean and Mr . Harrison . One of the speakers reiifarked he hoped tbat O'Connell would return the pennies he had abstracted from the pockets of his confiding dupes . Amongst the _subscribers who were mentioned at the meeting , was the name of Daniel _Gaskell , Esq ., of _Luoset Nail , for £ 50 : and his brother , Benjamin Gaskell , £ 50 . The appointment of a committee to carry out the resolutions , and a vote of thanks to the chairman , terminated tlie proceedings .

      _Repbav op mK Window Duties—A numerously attended meetin ? ot deputations from the various metropolitan parishes , took place at the Court House , Mary lebone , on Tuesday , for the purpose of taking n ) _ca- * ure 8 to ensure the repeal of the window duties it * the _en-uiing scission oi Parliament . Mr . _Gaorge _Daniell presided on the occasion , and was supported by Loul Uuiiran , M . P . for Bath , and Sir Ciuulcs Napier , M . P . After spe « che _» fn . m the Chairman , from Lord _Duncan , Sir Cl . _arlea Napier _, ami others , on the opi . r « aive nature of the tax , a _rewiititioti was agreed to , to the tfluet , "That a deputation from tiiv _di-lei-ates of the metropolitan parishes be appointod _, for thepurpoe of waiting upon lhe l _' rimiev , with the least possible delay , to show his Lordship tho justice and necessity of repealing the obnoxious window tux . " Lord Duncan and the Member ? for all 1 ho metropolitan boroughs were _requestgd to head the deputation .

      _Repijal of thk Mam Tax . —On Tuesday , there was a very full meeting of the Committee of tbe Central Society for the Pretrclion of British Indu < _tre _* . Thc attendance from the country was particularly numerous , in consequence of a knowledge that the question of the repeal of thc Malt Tax wn « to be taken into c nsidcration . The following re _* o ! u ion was unanimously adopted by the meeting . _Ri ' -. _ilvi d— - " 1 . That this society entertains a strong _j-uiisi * of the impolicy and injustice of the malt tax —i nterfering , as it docs meat mischievously , with the _im . lit . tblecultivation of the soil—and ia of opinion tli . it it is alike injurious to the morals nnd comfort id the liibourin _* , ' classes . This society , therefore , id ed . es itself touai * stil con » _ivVutiom \ i _mi-aris within its powei to obtain , as soon as shall appear practicable , the total repeal of thfc malt tax , " A deputation was appointtsiHo wait on Lord . ' ohn _ttu-ssell , and the Duke of _Kichuiottd was requested to communicate

      Court Of Aldermen. On Emonday A Court Wa...

      with hiB Lordship as to thc time when lie would re " ceive the deputation . North Lincolnshire Election . —Tlie election of a Knight in the room of Lord Worsley , elevated to the peerage by the death of Iiis lather , the Earl of _Tariimough , took place on Tuesday at tho County Hall , Lincoln . Tiiere was no opposition to Sir M . J . _Cholnii-ley , tbe Whig candidate , who was proposed by Weston Cracmft , E * q ., seconded by J . W . Ynrke , Esq .. and declared duly elected . The new member romiscd he would follow tho examplo of his _predu-• _es-crasfarashecould .

      _Hkpreskntatio . v op Manchester . — A private nieftingof the friends and _supporters ol Lord Lincoln , convened by circular , was held on Tuesday , nt 12 at noon , at the Albion Hotel , for the purpose of introducing his Lordship to those who . might cbome tnatt . nd . About 150 electors attended , and his Lordship , who was _introduced by Mr . Alilprmnn Nield , was received _witit cheers on entering the room . Mr . Nield , who presided on thc occasion , said afew words on the very great honour which Lord Lincoln had co _> forred on Manchester bv consenting to visit thc town with a view to becoming a candidate for tho representation of the borough at thc next general election . Lord L _' ncoln disclaimed the comp liment paid to him by Mr . Alderman Nield . He thought that _Manchester

      had rather conferred au honour on him { Lord Lincoln ) by requesting him to become a candidate for the representation of this great town , lie then went on to say , that he was not to be considered as having come 'iirwai'd in the oharacter ofa candidate , and that his doing so at any future period would entirely depend upon the probability there mi _^ ht bu of his be ins : returned . Should he ever have the honour of being elected their rcpre entative , they might rely upon bin devoting himself , with whatever zeal and talents he might possess , to the promotion of tin- best interests uf the people of Manchester . His Lordship having finished the few remarks he had to make , and a few gentlemen having been introduced to him , accotn .

      _anii'd by a number of his friends , proceeded to the Exchange . On entering thc room he was warmly 'dieered by a number 1 f gentlemen who were near the _i-titranc' _* , many of whom seemed to be- aware of his intended visit . A * he passed along , however to the iiirtherend , and ns it became known who the stranger was , the cheers were drowned by hnoting and _othar _discordant sounds not very indicative of approbation . As soon as he had reached the other end of the room , Mr . W . Morris , of Snlfurd , proposed three cheers for Mr . Bright , which was _giv n in the _moct _cnthusiaatio manner . There was a faint attempt at hooting on tlie part of the Tories , but it was fairly drowned by the cheers of the friends of Mr . Bright . —Manchester Express .

      Testimonial to the Duke op Richimsd . —A very nunierou-ly attended meeting of _agriculturists nnd tenant farmers , deputed from various counties throughout the Uin . dom , assembled on Tuesday at the Freemasons' Tavern , Great . ( Jueen Street , to consider the best means for rendering the proposed testimonial to his Grace tbe Duk _« of Richmond , as effective as possible . Mr . John Ellman of _Su-m-x was _< ti the chair . A large and inrlticnti-il committee was _ippoitited , and the Duke was eh ctetl President and permanent Chairman of Committees of the _Society for the Protection of British Agriculture . The Duke returned thanks in a speech professing deep anxiety for the welfare of the farmers , and of gratitude for their kindness to bim , On the subject "f Protection , te-nant rights , and other important questions , hh Grace was discreetly vague , j

      St Pancras . —On Tuesday a meeting _o- ' the Directors and Guardians of the Poor of St . Pancras , was held in the Board room oi the _Workkou-e . Mr . . VIGaliey , the vestry clerk , staled to the Board , that he had on Thursday last , pur-uaut to appointment , attended at Somerset House , and was examined by the _Pr-or Law Commissioners , Sir Francis Edmund , Messrs . Lewis nnd _Nivholls , and also an _Assistant Commissioner , Mr . Hall , with a short band writer . Mr . M'Gahey requested to be allowed to _writo down the questions and answers , but was refused , and

      informed that a copy ofthe depositions should be given him . The inquiries were generally as to the mode ot . idministratinn of relief to the out-dorr poor , the number of officers engaged in giving such relief , and other things connected with the management of the workhouse . Mr . M'Gahey had been under examination for about an hour at Somerset House , but he had not yet been supplied "with a copy of the depositions as promised . After some Blight discussion , it was resolved , that the depositions should be laid before tht Directors as soon as they were forwarded to Mr . M'Gahey .

      Imperial Parliament. House " Of Lords. P...

      IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT . HOUSE oF LORDS . Parliament was further prorogued on Tuesday last until Tuesday , tho 10 th inst . The Lord Chancellor and thc other Lords _Commislioners took their seats in iront of the Throne at two o ' clock . In a few minutes afterwards the officers oftlie Ilouse of Commons appeared at the bar , when the Commission having been read , and the usual forms gone through , Tub Lord Ciiancell » k declared that the present Parliament stood prorogued until Tuesday , the 19 th of January instant ; then to nn et for the despatch of divers urgent and important affairs _. The oeremony only occupied a lew minutes .

      ^ Experiment With Sulphuric Eirkr.—Mr. R...

      _^ Experiment with Sulphuric _Eirkr . —Mr . R . Lucas , veterinary surgeon , of tbis . town , _onM-nday successfully performed an operation upon a large Newfoundland bitch whilst under the _influence of sulphuric ether . Mr . Lucas had to remove a tumour from the animal , and as an experiment , he placed a quantity of the ether at the bottom of a jar which tiad been previously heated . The head of the hitch was then introduced into the mouth of the jar , and thc animal in a moment became insensible . During the period of insensibility the operation was per formed , and the poor thing evinced not the _slightest evidence of pain . In a short time thc bitch recovered from thc effects of tiie stupefaction , and is now duiuj ; well . —Liverpool Mercury .

      Proctorial Authority . —Cambridge is at present tbe scene of almost nightly riot , in consequence of the exercise of an ancient right by the Proctor * , whioh gives but u poor idea of tho morals Of the University town . Unfortunate females have been hitherto taken into custody by the _Procturs , and lodged in a place called the Spinning Ilouse . A short time ago , one of tho girls thus forcibly carried off the streets , died in consequence of the disgraceful state in which this prison was kept , and ever since the inhabitants back up the night wanderers to this current mode of enforcing morality .

      Mtsterious Dbath . —Or Tuesday Mr . W . Carter held an inquest at Bermondsey , respecting the death of Joseph Mathew Cotton , aged 21 , who was found dead in the river . The deceased was the step son of Mr . George Downs , proprietor of the Haberdasher ' s Arms , Hoxton . For several months past he had given way to intemperance , and whilst under the influence ot drink , his mind appeared deranged . On the evening of the 23 rd of December last , he begged of his sister to allow him to take more brandy , but she refused wbich circumstance gave him great offence . He proceeded to his dressing room , and left

      the house in great haste ; and notwithstanding every exertion on the part of the police and his relatives , nothing was heard of him until Saturday last , when the body of the deceased was seen floating in the river , off Mill Stabs , Bermondsey Wall . A silver hunting watch , a purse containing money , and a bunch of keys were found upon his person . The body was in a very decomposed state , and on the crown of the head there was a large hole , no doubt caused by his falling a gainst some hard _substauce . The jury returned an open verdict of " Found drowned in the river Thames . "

      Poaching Affrays in Sussex . —Two dreadful conflicts have just taken place in this county , between gangs of poachers and gamekeepers . Both took place on Saturday night . In one instance Plaishley Paisk was tho scene of the affray . Plaishley , situated near Ticehurst , Tunbridgo Wells , is tho seat of John M'Lauren , Esq ., and poaching having been carried on in the preserves to a great extent lately , two gamekeepers , assisted by five _lookouts , were on Saturday night set to watch in Birchem Wood , about half a milo Irom Plaishley . About half-past one o ' clock on Sunday morniDg _, the keepers heard a gun shot , whereupon , Forward , the headkeeper , aud two of tlio men , proceeded in the direction of the sound , and speedily met tbe poachers , one of whom

      exclaimed , " Here ' s somebody ; " and another cried , " Shoot him , " using a foul expression . The _poachar so addreescd lifted his gun , and shot Forward , who received ihe charge in bis right arm and immediately fell . The man whe had shot sprang forward , and struck the prosttute keeper with the butt end of hia gun , with such violence , that the stock snapped in two , and Forward was rendered insensible , A do * - _perate slruj'tle thru ensued between the three P' -AcherB and the two lookers , but the other keepers arriving shortly afterwards , two of the poacher * made off , when the third ( the man who had fired at Forward ) was _s-ecured . He has since been examined before the- _TL-ehuist magistrates , by whom he hu been _rMmtnded for further examination . The other

      ca « ece . ' i ~ eirree ) at plantations at Bircombe and New icki _wiit-te , in consequence of repeated losses ol g me , ' . _' aptain Richardson and Mr . Slater employ et a party ol fourteen , keepers aud assistant * -, to wa , tci thc preserves . During the night these came in col lies-ton with a gang of poachers , ten in number . Th , _cuciuiiter was desperate , and victory declared in fa voit : of the maiHudeis . A man is in custody on t charge ol being oue of tho poachers . It is repurte in L _*' w _«' . s . that four of tho keepers came off wit broken heads , and that the prisoner has _berii n tuiiiukd till next Monday , in order to afford time fo the _kt- _'p-Ts to recover sufficiently to give evidenci

      A Lawyer _s " Opinion . — " Vsy mc that six a ¦ .- ' - . AApence you owe uie , Mr . Mulroonoy , " said village attorney . " Fur what ? " * ' Fer the opini you had ot me . " ' * Faith 1 never had auy opuii of you iu all my life , "

      The Fraternal Democrat S. " On The Lstho...

      THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRAT S . _" On the _lSthof last month , tho letter given below was addressed to Lord Pnlmerston , which letter has not been acknowledged by his Lordship , The publio will judge of the courtesy « f the " nob ] _, lord , " and his claims to be considered a " _eentlemen , " and a faithful " servant of thc c ountry . " Alter patiently waiting for the term of one month _f- > r " his _LordshiVs" reply , the Fraternal Democrats _, consider it a duty they owe to themselves to _puWish tiie following copy of the letter addressed to Lord •' _alinetston : — ro thi _aianT nott . lobd _palkemitom , her najebti'i _fEORETABT OF STATE VOU _FOKEION _ifFAIRI , My Lord , I am instructed to forward to your Lordshi p th ( _eneloied copies of" Addresses" recently publtal _ed b y th « '' Fraternal Democrats , " and the " Democratic _Commits for Pound's Regeneration . "

      I venture to request your Lordship _s Berious attention to the laid " Address ** - " On the 4 th inst ,, I forwarded to yoar Lordshi p « pj of certain resolutions passed at a public meeting of the "Democratic Committee for Poland ' i _RegenirutUm- " , H is possible tbat the said resolutioni may not hart reached your Lordship , I herewith forward _another copy . I may take this opportunity to Inform your Lordihi p that 1 hare received information thst the Comnilsaionrri of the Metropolitan Police Force hate instructed certain members of that force to watch the _meetings of the " Fr _» . ternal Democrnts , " and to note- tlnir proceedings . If xn information is correct , I tan hardly suppose that _Uir

      _Muyesty ' _t _» d _* ri 8 rrs are rwiire of these e . _xtraor « liiiarj pro . cetilingt of the Scotland Yard authoritirt , for which ther * _txitts not the least necessity . The _"FrHternal Demo _, crati" will be happy to put Her Majesty ' s Government In possession of all documents _iasurd I j them , together nith » very needful intormation as to their pr . ceedinvi without the extraneous help of police officers , who mav be much better employed attending to theirduty , which fa not that nf _vilajiug the part of spies at poliiica _' l meetings . The " Fraternal Democrats , " _though tamest men are not conspirator *; ia propagating their views they employ none but legal and moral means , and , _eoasaquently , are not fit subjects for police _ejpionuji . I am ,

      Your lordships _obodient _itrrant _, Geo . Julia . i HAK _* ur . 16 , _Qrt-Ht Windmill Street , December 15 th , 1840 . The Fraternal Democrats assembled on Monday evening last , in the German Society ' s Hall , Drury Lane . Ernest Jones presided . Some new members were elected , and others nominated for admission . The secretary read a very interesting article from Young America on the President ' s Message ' , tli * wa tmients of the Editor of _Jot-nt- iirwn ' _cee were much applauded ? ( The article will be found iu our Second Page . ) After some discussion the following rules and regulations for the guidance of the society wero unanimously adopted : —

      Whereas . experience has shown the necessity for cer . _tiiin _regulations for tbe better organisation of this society _« f FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS , — it is hereby resolved : — "That this society , composed of _ratlvea of Great Britain , France , Germany , Scandinavia , Poland , Itaty _, Switzerland , Hungary and other countries , has for its ORJECT tbe mutual enlightment of it * members ; and the pro . paganda of the great principle embodied in tne society ' s motto;— , _' . _4 _** w « nar « lr «(* ir « n . " That the members of this soeiety agreo to adopt the tolloninj . _DECLARATION OF MlNCIPLtS .

      In accordance with the above declaration of the brother _, hood of the human race , we renounce , repudiate , and . condemn nil _political hereditary inequalities and dis . _tinctiunt of " ca * ite ; "consequently , wc regard Icings , _iriitoaraciet , and classes monopolising political _prieitegea in virtu . , of their possession of property , as usurpers and violators of tbe principle- of human brotherhood . GoveruuKiits elected by , and responsible to , the entire peopli is our political creed . We _dm-lnre tha * tbe earth with all its natural produo . turns is the common property of all j we , therefore , denounce all _infractions of thi * evidently just and natural law as robbery Bnd usurpation . * We declare tbat tha present s » ate of society wbich permits idler * and _ichemers to monopolise the fruits of the earth and the productions of industry , and compel ) the _working classes to labour for _iuadequaie rewards , and even con'demns them to social slavery , destitution and degradation , is essentially un . just . That labour and rewards should be equal is our social creed .

      We condemn the " national" hatreds which have hitherto divided mankind , as both foolish and wicked ; foolish , because no one can decide fur himself the _country he will be burn in ; and wiched , as proved by tha feuds and bloody wars which havo desolated the earth , In consequence of these uational vanities . Convinced , too , that national prejudices hare been , in all ages , taken advantage of by the people ' s oppressors , to set them tearing the throats of each other , when they should have been working together for their common good , tbis society _repuuiates the term " Foreigner , " no matter by , or to whom apulwd . Our moral creed is to receive our fellowmen , without regard to " country , " as membera of ou * family , the human race ; and citizens of one common _, wealth—tbe world . Finally , we recognise that great moral law , ' Do unto thy brother , as thou w « ' * ldit thy brother should do unto thee , " as tbe great safeguard of public aud _private happiness , _auLis .

      1—That the custom hitherto pursued in the election of _nieuibers shall be continued , namely , that any person desirous of joining the Society must be _pn-posed by two members at auy one of the regular meetings , the proposers being he Id responsible for tbe democratic _principles and moral character of the person the-y nominate . The _pe-rsoL- nominated to be elected or rejected by a majority of votes of the members _prese-ut at the next _succeediug meeting . It shall be imperative for the person nominated to be present either on the night of nomination or election to answer any questions tho members maj think proper ti put to him . 2 . —That democrats residing out of London , known to , or _possseasing the confidence of the society , may , if desirous , become numbers , subject tothe terms of election set forth above , with the exception of that portion of the rule requiring thu personal attendance of the nominated .

      3 . —That to meet the cost of postage , printing , and other necessary expenaes , town members shall contribute to the society ' s funds a sum of not lest than one halfpenny per week , 4 . —That _contributions . from honorary members for thc same purpose be accepted ; such contributions to be strictly voluntary , 5 . —That any town member of the society not attending the _niBfctings for three months , and fAiling to str . il any rearouable _e-jtcuse for his absence , shall cease to be a member of the society . « . —That members having to leave London , and de-• irous of continuing their membershi p , shall apprise the secretaries thereof , such members shall be considered at konorary members until tlieir return to Londou . When circumslanies niny permit , a meeting of members shall be holden to take lure well of the brother about to de part _.

      7 . —That a general secretary shall be scUcteel frem each country represented in this society ; the whole of their names to be affixed to the members' cards , and to all public documents issued by the society , The general secretaries to choose from amongst themselves on * or more _oormpouiling secretaries . 8 . —That a committee , cousiatlng of the general _secretiirie-i _* , and one additional member selected from euch country r * _presented in this society , _thull bu appointed w prepare and _maaage the geueral and financial business of the society . 9 . —That a treasurer and financial secretary be appointed . 10 . —That the election of officers shall tako place at the first meeting of the society in the mouths of January , April July , and October . 11 . —Tlmt the meetings ofthe Fraternal Democrats shall bee as follows . —

      GtxtR . iL Meetings at which besides the members one 1 or more ' friends" may be introduced by a number , , ( the names of the " Iritnd _* " to bo made known to the s chairman of the evening , ' persons unknown to members i present , may be also admitted on satisfying the door- - keepers that they belong to the National Charter Asso- 1-ciation , or the Trench , Gorman , Polish , or other De- - mot-vatic Societies , Public _AIketinos called by placard , or other public « _advertisement , to which tha public generally , as well aa ia the members shall be admitted . Members _Meitinos called on special occasions for the ie consideration of the rules of tho society , questions of of finance , & c , to which meetings member * only shall be » admitted .

      Vi—Tbat tbe order of business at tho general _nwet- > _tin-rs thull he as follows : — Chair to be taken at 8 o ' cloek . Winuteh of the previous meeting to ba submitted for for ConlirinalioR . Correspondence to be read . _Kinarcial busiuess to be reported , and contributions re- received . The General Secretaries lo-report tbe progiess ef de-democratic principles in their respective countries . lVucussiou upon any question introduced by thecom-ommitiee shall then take place , anj qneatiou introduced atd at ; a prevkma meetin- ; and aot disposed of at that niretii > g , _ingi . shun have pi _ecedence-, unless a majority of tho uiembe _* rsberss present shall determine otherwise . A chairman and two doorkeeper * to be appointed foU foil tie licit meeting . _TliL-chnirman to vacate the chair at ten o ' clock .

      The General-Secretaries previously acting _irerdverd then , re-appointed . John M _>< y _w-. \ s elected Treasurer , and _Charlearle Keen , Fiuaiicial Secretary . Dr . _Bt-rricr Fontaine , Ernest J . ncs _, and _JosepWep " , Moll , were elected on the Committee , the list list « , j which will bo completed at the n « xt meetin *; , * _>*; , m * Monday evening , January 25 t ) i ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 16, 1847, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_16011847/page/6/