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Northern Star (1837-1852), 12th July 1845, Edition 3 of 3, Page 8, '[ < " ''''''' [' from After further dis...

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    • Jm-pm'al .parliament*
    • Printed b y DOUGAL. M'GOWAN , of 17, fSreat Viii^iii* street, Haymarket , in tbe Citv of H- ' estiuinster, "'jr, '
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      '[ < " ''''''' [' From After Further Dis...

      8 ,. . . - ¦ - ¦¦¦ - ¦ ; _r _^; : _«* _it * _titim _:: : * _wz < _¦"¦ : _'' _'''¦ ' ¦¦ : _- ' _' ' ' l ] _^ .: _Z _l [ : : _' / y mn - _^ _^^ . _ _JJ _ _ —— - _** — - — _**** m _^ IT 1 ¦ 1

      To The Trades Ukioks ' And Working Class...

      TO THE TRADES _UKiOKS ' AND WORKING CLASSES OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND . Tlic Ccntwl Committee , appointed at the late _-Nalknot Trades Conference , " held m _1-fliidon on Easter Momtav _, have to the'best oftheir power ndfermed the duties uiiposed upon them , and now i submit the rcsu . t of their labours to the working mca of Great " Britain , in order that the plans _pro-, posed may undergo full consideration , previous to the « s-ea : biiugof tie ensuing Conference , Ite Central Coinnuttcevvcrc instructed to prepare -f _twisures having thc twofold object of _atathig the _^ _todes in oiic v ast « nfcucraticti for mutual support

      • jrad assistance , in all matters involving Trades reguiations , disputes , and strikes , aud of -conccntraUug _uid righti }* directing tlieir surplus funds , so "Unit tbey should be vprouuetivcly eiupkycd , and reduce UteaiiKH _* . _iit-e _^ tbatM [ i _*? _raImiidautk ( iourwliich forms _apriwcij-al cause of thc reduction < of wages . In tlic _iHscImrgc of these duties the Central Committee -have spared bo paths to obtain fwrai thc Trades tftciiisclves accurate itifonnatioi * on all points _ncce-sary to tbe _inoduction of _iiicasorcs calculated t < i he of _pr _^ _tk-at-Kpwcc , _bai-ausc framed iu ecconiancc with ihe actual -condition of the Trades , -and not upon _in-ae _indivMual hypotlrcscs , which , iowever ciuTcct hi thc abstract , ini » Iit _Iiavc proved inapplicable -to Ihe real state of ahaii _* - _* .

      -At-tbt-ssinie lime , _whilu thus collecting information of the practical mid -useful tlmntdcr allmlcd to , the Cwiimirtcc had to-keep in view _calaia gixat jp _riticipileT , without the-adoption of which , no fonn of association can piwkce successful results , aud by which ¦ _ev-erj'oi't'aiii'fii-tiou , contemplating the _aggrc-^ ation _-tintl direction * of large bodies of _ineu , must be -controlled . TJic plans finalp / _-agreedupon after the fullest _con--aderution ofthe -matter , aided by such _iufonntitiou -as the Central-Gfctniuittcc could collect , are now _p-c--sentcd , not as being perfect , but simply as containing , in Ihe _opiiiion-ef the Committee , the germs of two - _^ r' _-anistttions _,-fthicb , when fully developed and

      perfected in their details , and wisely directed , may -realise all that in thc present condition ofthe Trades as attaiu _.-iblc , and lay thc . foundation of more coiupreheiiM ' . _'c-and perfect measures . It _willtc observed tliat in the "Dr aft of a Plan for a General Union of Trades" the power of _objectiiig to _w-approving of strikes , has been assigned to -the Central Committee of the proposed Association . It k _miporiaiit to explain , tbat such objection will only be binding upon thc General Association , and wiU-net interfere with the power of individual trades _tostrike witliout such consent , should they deem it -necessary to do so . Tlic only difference between such a . s-h-itte and one sanctioned bv the Central

      Committee will be , that , in the first case , thc assistance given by the Association will be voluntary and intcrm _' lttait , while hi tbe sesoud it will be compulsory and steady . Perhaps , even witli this explanation , it may be thought that this is too great a power to entrust to thc Committee , although , in the opinion of its proposer-* , some sucli power is absolutely necessary for the proper rcgidatioii of the proposed General Union . It was , however , the duty of thc Central Committee to place the . qucstioii before thc Trades , la order that tlieir deliberate and fairly-expressed opinion might be ascertained respecting it . With reference to the second plan , or Land Scheme , all tliat the Central Committee have to observe is ,

      that it is tbe result of considerable practical experience in the working of such measures , aud that it has been purposely framed to afford the greatest variety of action , and diversity in thc application of its lending principle . m Tie Central Committee request particular attcn iton to tbe fact that they do not dogmatically propound these measures as the only plans worthy ofthe attention ofthe forthcoming Conference . Their sole object is to promote the _wcll-taing of the industrious classes , and they will gladly » ee their own suggestions superseded bj any measures which may seem better ealcu lated to secure _thatobje't . They request , therefore , that the measures they n > w propose may be considered rather in the light of _suggestions , than of perfect plans issued for adoption .

      With these preumin-iry observations , and commending the subjoiut-d plans to tbe calm and dispassionate consideration of tbe Working Millions , the Central Committee subscribe themselves ,. > _; The Friends and Well-wishers of Labour , T . S . Dc . nc-. hbe , M . l _' ., President . Vf . P . _iloBEETS , Solicitor . Geo . A . _Plemisg , Editor . Jons Skelton , Ladles'Shoe Maker . Jonas _AVabthabv , Carpenter . Cuakves Firth , Plasterer . Josno * IIossox , _E-litor . James _lUrtha ** . "Blocl * Printer . Jt . Tn . _iJlPSO . v , Letter-press Frinter . _Tuos . Habuett , Cork Cutter , Secretary . London , July 1 , 1815 .

      _ASSOCIATION OP UNITED TRADES FOR TIIE _PROTECTION OF IXDUSTUY . -DRIFT OF A FLAX FOR A GK . _VE 1 UT . UXIOX OF TRADES . FSEAHIILE . This association is based upon two " great facts "— - first , that thc industrial classes do uot receive " a fair _dayjs wage for a fair day ' s labour . " Second , that their past endeavours to obtain this have , with few exceptions , been unsuccessful . The main causes of this state of things are fo be

      found iu the isolation of the different sections of working men : —Uicjr consequent ignorance or apathy , as respects their mutual wants and well-being ; and , above all , the absence of a generally recognised and admitted authority , emanating from , and supported by the Trades themselves , capable of exercise lag a . _centralizing aud controlling- power over thc movements of the labouring classes in cases of Trades difficulties , turnout * * , and strikes , and bv whose decisions the various Unions should be guided .

      Capital , with or without deliberate preconcert ou the part of its possessors , exercises a continuous downward _pressure on labour . It docs this effectually , for onc reason among others , that the interest of all holders of capital , in their capacity of employers of labour , impels . them simultaneously in . one direction : . 1 spontaneous unit ? of action is the result . "Whereas , though the interests of every section of working men are in "reality as much identical as those ofthe employers , their greater isolation , and other causes , have prevented thc acquirement of that intimate knowledge of mutual interests , sympathies , and means , which must , iu their case , constitute the hasisof united action and successful results . The principle of Association for the Protection of

      Industry has heretofore been tried on too narrow and partial a scale . Local or isolated Trades Unions have become unequal to cope with the evik ivhieh surround the labouring classes ; they must be ex-- tended and improved iu onlcr to meet the new circumstances of the age—made more commensurate irith the growing : difficulties which press upon the -working class—more in accordance with the intelli gence now diffused among its ranks . While _aiiutng at these important objects , it is at -the same time desirable that as little disturbance as possible should be given to existing Trades Unions , and that the General Association of Trades" should rather be grafted upon , and grow out of , these Unions , than supersede them . Thc peculiar local , internal and technical circumstances of each particalar trade , render it necessary that for all purposes of efficient internal government , its affairs should be administered bv persons _possessinc a practical

      knowledge of them , audidentiiicd by personal interest and position with those for _whsm they act . For these reasons , it is not intended to interfere with the _organi-ation of existing Trades Union ? , so ferns they 1 at * - * reference to internal management Mid regulations : but simply to form a common _, -entrc , towards which their associated means may _-waverce for mutual assistance and support in cases -need ; and trout which these means maybe _relistributed in sneh masses , and upon such paints , as _3 W . _TF most effectually secure the great objects ot all _-wot-kin _* - * men ; namely , to enable them to withstand aU aggressions , obtain a just participation in the -wealth they assist to produce , and promote such im-• prtvemtnts in their condition , physically , mentally _, and morally , as becomes rational beings , the advanced state of science , and the superabundance of the means for supporting and educating the popula-, tion , now at the command of sicietr .

      The Association of United trades will enable each particular trade that may join it , in the case of disputes or . strikes , to fight its individual battle with the whole strength of the Association ; and will multiply its means twenty , fifty , or a hundred-fold , _aceorduig to its own powers and numbers compared with that of the entire Association . . The Association will _alsa bring to hear on all disputed points between employers and employed a more powerful moral influence than any isolated Union can exercise . This , it may be _aHticipitfwl , -will prevent many of these disputes from terminating in turnout- ; or strikes , and where these are _dis-. _oorered * to be indt-pensable , will give tliem thc sanctioaand aid of a _strong public opinion , created and _jikeetei by peaceful and constitutional means . Opi-- _* B * oa in the end is more powerful than wealth . The Association will wield both for the _service of labour . Ia past struggles the Jaw bas been too often per

      _ve _-tfedtathe service of capital . One ef the objects of i he Association will be to secure its impartial nd--min . _'eieUoB _. and to bring to the aid of labour that legal knowleaV e and ability which has heretofore been _aJmostenttrely monopolised by capital . An ingtrument of _tnranny , which is capable of the most Jremendi .. aB aiuse , will thus be wrested from tbe farads of those who have too many incitements to » snse it , a . _* id the "working men in future struggles * i 8 I « aid _^ . - notop _* . _*^ by the law . ,. - Sneh are thc _Jeaditte ; objects ofthe Association of United Trades for the _Protection ot Industry , and the following are submitted b . 7 tlte Central Committee , for the consideration ot the j'Vaa _' _es Unions and work- ] ing classes generally of Great . Britain and Ireland , ' U the genu of an _o-r _^ anisation ii * fany ' mg these objects into effect . ... Constitution . —The A « ociation shall _cont . " _* ' _& e 9 e Trades Unions and Other _o-rganised bodies _^^

      To The Trades Ukioks ' And Working Class...

      working classes that subscribe to its funds and con form to its laws .

      GOVBIWUE ! iT . _,,. ¦• ¦ Conference . —The legislative pttwer shall W - _t-Hsted in an annual Conference of delegates from the several Trades in _phe Association , in « _J * c following proportion : •—Trades having not less than . 30 nor more than 150 paying members shall retain one delegate . Trades with 150 and not more _tlnn 300 members , two delegates ; and one additional delegate for every 200 members above that number . i _Atutaal _& s 5 * fi « s . —An annual session of Conference shall be held on Whit-Monday , in such town and _pktce as may be determined upon by tbe Conference orCentnd Committee , and such Confercnceshall continue its sittings so long as is requisite for the transaction of the business brought before it . Special Sessions . —Lite Centr al Committee shall have the power of convening a special session of Conference when it shall appear to a majority of at least three-fourths of thc Committee that such a session

      is necessary , or upon a requisition ol at least onethird of thc members of Conference . Bight clear days * notice of sucli meeting shall be given to the delegates . _Rurincss Paper . —One month previous to the assembly of thc annual Conference , the Central Committee shall cause to bo prepared and issued a business paper , or programme of the matters _interideiUo be brouuht under tlic consideration ofthe Conference . Such programme shall be laid before the various _tr-ides , to enable them to give instructions to their delegates thereupon . Hut the Central Committee shall have the power of introducing subjects not included in . the said paper , if agreed upon by threefourths of the'Committee , and such as ' appear" to them require thc immediate attention of the Conference .

      Powers . —The Conference shall have power to make and revise the laws of the Association , subject to the following regulations : —No fundamental or important law shall be repealed or altered , witliout at least six mouths' notice having been given of such intended repeal or alteration ,- ' and it shall be concurred in by at least two-thirds of the Conference . Similar notice shall be given of all intended additions to the laws , and such additions be similarly approved of . To elect thc Central-Committee , to fix the salaries of the officers ofthe Association , nnd generally to transact aU such business as may come before it .

      Ex-offuio Members . —Members of the Central Committeeniay sit and speak in Conference , though not elected as delegates , but in such case they shall not vote . Tenure of Office . —flie Delegates shall bo elected to serve in Conference for twelve months , or until the next general election . . Elections . —Within one month previous to Whit-Monday , in each year , the Central Committee shall issue their precept to those Trades entitled to send delegates , requiring them to proceed , within fourteen days after the receipt ofthe same , to the election ofa delegate or delegates to represent them in Conference for the ensuing year . And such precept shall be signed by the peesident and secretary of the Association .

      _JJcturn * . —Each of the said Trades shall , seven days previous to Whit-Monday , cause a return tb be forwarded to the office of the Central Committee , certifying the delegate or delegates elected to represent such Trades , and such rcturn _' shall be signed by thc chairman of the meeting at which such election was held , and by the secretary of the Trade . . [ Removals . —If any delegate , b y absence or other cau _*< c , should become , in the opinion of thc trade , unfit to continue its representatives , the said trade mav declare the office vacant .

      Vacancies . —On tho death , resignation , or removal by the trade , of any delegate , the presideut and secretary of the trade by wliich such delegate was elected shall certify the same to the Central Committee , which shall forthwith issue tlieir precept for the election of another to ' supply the vacancy . Votes of Officers . —No salaried officer of the Association elected as delegate to Conference by any trade shall vote on questions personally affecting themselves .

      CENTRAL COMMITTEE . ' _^ _' / _wintmrn- ! . --The general executive power shall be vested in a Central Committee to be chosen annually by Conference . Officers . —This Committee shall consist ofa President , Vice-President , Treasurer , and twelve other members . One or more competent persons shall a'to be appointed annually by Conference to audit thc accounts . - . General Secretary . —The General Secretary shall lie elected by tbe Central Committee , and shall hold his office so _long as lie performs bis duties satisfactorily . Security from Officers . —• The Treasurer and General Secretary shall give such security for the monies they may be entrusted with as the Central Committee may require .

      _Powcx-s ami Duties . —The Central Committee shall direct and control the general proceedings of tiie Association for arid in-the name ofthe Association . They shall rcccivo all applications from the Trade . * for advice aiid assistance , and shall act thereon ns tlicy may deem requisite . They shall have the power to object to or approve of strikes , when other meansto settle disputed matters fail ; and of raising from time to time such levies as may be _necessary for tin support of those strikes and turnouts as ihcy iii . n sanction . They shall by mediation , arbitration , ami legal proceedings , protect the interests and promote

      tbe well-being ofthe Associated Trades m all cascs of trade disputes and difficulties . They shall rcceiv and superintend thc disbursement of all monies sub scribed ' fur thc support of strikes , turnouts , and lej ; al assistance . They shall promote all measure- * . political , social , or educational , which are ir . tende . to improve the condition of the Inborn-it . " cl .-is . --f . - -. They shall appciutsHch clerks , agents , and _snbordinati officers as they may deem expedient . Tlicy shal summon the annual or special Conference , as provided by the laws ; and , generally , they shall take the most efficient means in their power to promote the objects of tho Association .

      Quorum —Five members of tbe Central Committee shall constitute a quorum . And such quorum shall be unanimous in all its resolutions , unless there be present a majority ofthe members ofthe Committee .

      _FCTiDS . Expenses of Management . —In order to defray the expenses of tlic Central Committee , each Trade fn the Association shall contribute ono penny per month for each paying member , which sum shall be remitted to the General Seer tary . Should any surplus funds accrue from these subscriptions , thc Central Committee shall have the option of reducing the subscription , or applying the said surplus in payment ofthe expenses of the annual Conference , ivhieh , _unlc-s provided for , shall be borne by tlio trades who return delegates .

      Strikes , "Turnout * , and Laxv Proceedings . — -The Central Committee shall from time to time raise such levies from the Associated Trades as may be requisite forthe maintenance of such strikes , turnouts , law proceedings , or other measures for the protection ol industry , to which they shall have given their sanction . Any trade failing to . remit such levies as directed by the Centr . il Committee , shall forfei t , all claim to thc assistance ofthe Association , * or if any trade in the Association strike , or turnout contrary to the decision of the Central Committee , or without previously submitting their case for its consideration they , shail in like manner forfeit their claim on thc pecuiary assistance of thc Association . Such trades shall , however , have the right of appeal tu the next annual Conference .

      Rcmittanecs . — The monthly subscriptions and levies shall be collected by tbe local officers of each Trades Union in the Association , and forwarded by them to the Central Committee , or to such places as they may direct .

      K 1 CA 1 . _ACB . XTS . District Committees and Secretaries . — Trades Unions in- the Association may form district committees composed of delegates from their respective bodies , and the committee thus formed shall appoint a Secretary , through whom all communications to the General Secretary shall be made . Such Secre taries shall become honorary members of the General Committee . Agents . — The Central Committee may appoint agents , and empower them to visit Trades Unions , for the purpose of explaining the objects of thc Association , and enforcing its claims on thc support of the industrious classes ; and also to visit places where disputes exist between ' masters and men , to collect information for _4 he Central Committee ,- and , * if empowered bv them , ¦ ' to . mediate- between the contendT ing parties , * or superintend the distribution of funds and the general management of strikes .

      ono as or the _AssocrATioK . Periodical Paper . —The Central Committee , should they think that the interests of the Association would be advanced thereby , .. may establish _anortsui for the exposition ofthe principles and objects , of the Association , and the information of its members / to be published at such intervals as they may determine . Control . — "The printing and publishing arrangements of such paper shall be under the control of the Central Committee , and thc Editor shall have the sole control of the literary department . Editor . —The Editor shall be appointed by thc Central Comittee , at such salary , and upon such terms as may bo agreed on .

      • ICCOD . 1 TS AMD STATISTICAL WSTUavc , Quarterly Reports . — Each trade shall quarterly make np reports of the following matters to the Central Committee—namely , a statement of the number of paying members on the books of the society , the average number out of employment during the quarter , the rate of wages , and such other information as the Central Committee may request or wwd , to enable it to discharge its duties efficiently . General Reports . —lbs Central Committee 6 _hall make the _following reports and statements of accounts ior tbe information ot the Trades : — I . A quarterly account of the receipts ana disbursements ofthe Central Committee .

      To The Trades Ukioks ' And Working Class...

      2 . _Ua'f-vearlystatisticaltable-iofthestateofthe Association , conformable to tlic reports received from _thelTrades . _•!* - _;• ' . _* _- ' ;) " . il 3 . An annual cash ' balance-sheet to be mado . up to Lady-Bay , and laid before _Coufemice at its annual session . t , ¦ , _-,-: And such quarterly accounts shall be made up to Lady-Day ; Midsummer , Michaelmas , and Christmas , and shall " include thc accounts of the Trades for the preceding quarter . ' I Autiientication . — Every such periodical account shall be attested hy two auditors , counter-sig hed by the General Secretary .

      Such arc the leading provisions -which have sag-« ested thenifdvcs to the Central Committee lor the repuhtio of the proposed Association , and in the heliei tuat they will fully " explain the plan and machinery , the committee refrain from further comment or explanation than to remark , as respects the proposed subscription of one penny per month , that if 10 , 000 persons join the Association , it wiU yield more than £ 600 per year , which the committee estimate as sufficient for all office expenses .

      United Trades' Association Pou Th*- J* "...

      UNITED TRADES' ASSOCIATION POU TH * - _J _* " _** PLOYMEXT OF SURPLUS LABOUR IN AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURES . FRKAMBI _. 1 _* . Thc inefficacy of the methods -heretofore , adopted by the industrious classes for tho protection and maintenance of tlieir interests , and the improvemen t nf their condition , has induced deep and w ' ulc-spicad inquiry into thc causes of tne failure of the plans hitherto tried . It would , perhaps , be assuming too much at this stage of progress to assert , that these inquiries have detected all the Intent causes of evil which operate on the producers of wealth , and render them helplessly dependent on the possessors , ot capital for wages and subsistence ; . but the conviction has taken strong hold of the working" classes that the sufferings of their class arc aggravatedif not caused ,

      , by the intense competition among capitalists—the selfishness thereby generated—the increase of mechanical ond other scientific productive powers , and the consequent gradual displacement ol skilled and other labour by automaton workers . - _, ., For this state of thing's many of the most intelligent _working men perceive no other _etlicieiit remedy than thc institution of measures , which shall relieve the labour market of the surplus labour pioducedby the causes enumerated above ; and which , hy setting the unemployed members of ti . e various trades to work , by means of funds contributed by tlio trades in - . heir corporate capacity , would use reproductivcly the money heretofore squandered in useless strikes and , at the same time , bv keeping the . supply and

      demand of the labour markot more on a par with each other , maintain a higher average-rate of wages than can be the case when the workers are subjected to the unrestricted operation of tho principle of competitive selfishness , and the rivalry of constantly increasing and improved labour-saving machinery . Within the last few years many hundreds of thousands of pounds have been spent on strikes . The condition of the producing classes , so far from being benelittcd by these strikes tis n whole , _picscnts but too many palpable evidences of deterioration ; of sub * lectio : * to evils—increased—increasing , and which

      might to be diminished . Past experience emphatically proves the futility of the methods previously employed to ward off these evils ; audit is at least no very fanciful deduction from that experience to say , that the capital hitherto expended ineffectively , if employed in the purchase of land , the erection of dwellings and workshops , tho . purchase' of raw materials for manufacturing and handi « _l _* aft , pm'p 05 _CS , and the employment of'the-unemployed members of the trades in these establishments , would remove , if not all , some of the evils universally complained of , and be a , more rational as well sis reproductive method of using thc funds collected for improving tho position of labour .

      1 * _ully to achieve thc objects here indicated wculd require union and organisation' among the various classes and sections ot producers which , it is to be feared , is not attainable at tho present moment . Time must be given for new opinions to ripen , and in thc meantime those who are most deeply imbued with them , and have the greatest faith hi their efficacy , must take the position of pioneers , and by practice , on as large a scale as their means will permit , lead the way to a more extensive and move efficient application of sound principles of social amelioration .

      It is with theso views that the present association is formed . It iaan experiment to try how far the working classes are prepared to act upon the opinions now so prevalent among them : and an adaptation of the simplest kind of theso new principles of action to practice , which may prepare the way for those more extensive , complicated and centralised operalions , wliich must precede tho entire emancipation of labour . If it succeeds , it will lay a solid foundation for other and more comprehensive _mcarurcs , and in the constitution which follows , powers have been -akcii of an expanding character to meet po » ibic contingencies . onracTB . 1 . The purchase of lands whereon to locate and employ the surplus labour of the Association , in such manner as shall be most conducive to their own welfare and that of the Association .

      2 . Ihe erection or rental of buildings for domestic , industrial , and commercial purposes , in such localities as may be best suited fbr these respective objects , and the promotion of thc general interests of thc Association . 3 . The application of theso hinds and buildings in the following -manner , to meet the corporate and individual requirements of tho members ' of the Association . ; I . To afford to trades in their corporate capacity the power of leasing in perpetuity , or of purchasing in fee " simple , such lands and buildings heonging to the Association its they may require for ihe location and employment of their surplus , members ; and also the power of investing their funds

      with thc Association , hy way of loan or mortgage on any of the property of the Association . 2 . To divide such portions ofthe estates purchased by the Association as may be thought expedient into small farms , to build thereon suitable cottages and outhouses , and to sell or lease the property thus . _im--( iroreJ _, to individuals selected in accordance , with the laws ofthe Association . All leasehold farms maybe sold , and the proceeds re-invested in fresh estate . ** , to be improved and dealt with in like manner _, in order that the subscribed capital of thc Association may , to the largest possible extent , promote the purchase of , and the drafting upon tho laud , thc unemployed members of tho Association .

      _COXSTlTUTIOJ * . The Association shall bo composed of subscribers to its funds , who agree to be governed by its Jaws . Shares— The shares of the Assiicintion shall be £ 10 , upon which , _* _t minimum weekly instalment of at least Cd . shall be paid by each shareholder . Trades Unpins to have tae power of taking an unlimited number of shares . Votes . —Shareholders , whose instalments hare been paid up , shall have the power of voting personally , or bv proxy , at the annual meetings ef the society in the following ratio : one share , one vote ; fivesharcs , two votes ; and onc vote for every additional ten sliares .

      Annual Meetings , —A meeting of the shareholders , or of those deputed to hold their proxies , shall be held every year , on " \ _Vhit--Monday , to which full reports of the transactions of the year , and accurate accounts shall be submitted by the directors for confirmation and approval . The places of the retiring members of thc Board of Directors shall bo filled up , and such matters affecting the Associetion decided , as may be laid before the meeting by the Board .

      GOVERNMENT . Board of Directors . —The Government shall ! re vested in Board of Directors , consisting ofa President , Vice-President , and seven other members , one-third of whom _fh-ill _rutire annually . The retiring members in the first two years sliull be balloted for bj tho Hoard , mid afterwards , Directois _shull retire according to _BMnority ; retiring Directors shall be eligible for re-electiou . Secretary *—A Secretary shall be appointed by the Board of Directors , and shidl hold his office at their pleasure . Treasurer . . —A Treasurer shall _l-e elected by the shareholders sit any annual meeting , and shall hold office so long as hc gives satisfaction to the Association . Trustees . —At the first general meeting of the Association three Trustees stall be appointed , in whom all propet ty belonging to the Association shallbe vested by deed , for and on behalf of the Association .

      [ Note . —The persons recommended bythe Committee to be requested to become -Trustees ' , are Messrs . T . S . Di'Ncombe , _Johj * FuLoiEK , and _Shabmim _Cbawforo , Members of Parliament . ] . _jtBditors . — -Two Auditors shall be annually appoiuted by the shareholders , to examine ond certify the accounts of the directors . - _"rtciirify from 0 _^ ccr 5 .--The Treasurer aud _Scefotnrj shall _reepcctivcly give such security for tbe proper discharge of their duties , and the monies they may be entrusted with , as shall be required from Ultm by the Directors . Ex-ofiicio Members . —Tho Trustee * and Treasurer _shtul be ex . officio members of the Board .

      Powersand DuU < s . —The Board of Directors -. hall have full power to manage and control nil the att ' airs of thc Association in its name and behalf . They shall receive and disburse the funds , and have power to borrow money on loan or mortgage from Trades Unions , on the security of the property of the Association , subject to the regulations affecting sueh borrowed copilnl as are hereafter provided . They shall purchase land , erect buildings thereon , lease or sell the property so improved , and reinvest tbe proceeds in other estates ; or , where it miiv

      . seem to them for the advantage nnd profit of the Association , they may retain such estates and buildings , whether domestic or industrial , and worlt the same for the _Ast-ociation , if it appear to tlicin that its objects will be thereby more effectually attained . They shall uppuinl and dismiss all salaried officers and agents . They shall .-. ill an annual meeting of the Association , at which fult and complete reports of the transactions for the past year , and an accurate statement Of accounts shall be Subnu Ued , and declare the dividend on shares neeruing during thc year , together witli all such businese as the

      Directors may require instructions upon or confirmation by . the shareholder .- * , Special meetings may be called by jtb . i _fflireefofs whenever _IcCtsssnry , upon fourteen clear days ' , nottce ' beihg \ giveiioif such meetings , _. and . tlic . business"for " which '" such" meetings are called being clearly specified in sueh notice . Jfo other business than that announced shall be transacted ut special mee tings . " ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' Local Agents . — -Local ag , _nts shall be ' appointed-by thi * Directors , oii the nomination of the shareholders in any district , to collect tiie instalments on shares , make remittances to the Board , in such manner ' and at such times as may be directed , and generally to act for the Directors , in tlieir respective localities , Jr . all 'matters that may be entrut-ted ' to- them . Such agents shall give good and sufficient security , on bond , in such sum as the Directors may require , APrLICATION OF FUNDS .

      The funds of the Association shall be applied as recited in the ' _deeliratioti of objects . The Directors shall have power to lend trades or indi viduals located on any estates purchased and leased or resold by them , such amounts on good and sufficient security as may seem to them needful , and for the promotion of the objects'of the Association ; but the Directors shall retain at least one-thivd of all monies invested with them by Trades Unions or other societies in the hands of their banker , in-order to meet contingent demands ou the part of the investors . Expenses of management shall bo defrayed out of such profits as may arise froni the operations of the Association , or , these failing , by equal contributions from the sluirclioldtrs in proportion to their respective investments . leases . —When the Directors have _liui-clitist-d . binds ,

      divided tluin into farms , and erected suitable buildings thereon , they may lease thim in perpetuity , at such rein as will give a fiu r return for the capita ! so . expended , te individuals either chosen according to priority and amount of subscription , or by the recommendation of thilargest number of shareholders at the annua ! nicetingi of the Association . The Directors shall also be cnipow . ered to advance to the said leaseholders such implements , furniture , seeds , and pecuniary assistance as thej nif . J * require , on payment . of interest , and the repay ment of the principal by instalments to be mutually agreed upon . Suchrtnt and advances on loan to be secured , on the property and other requisite security , and failure to met't the obligations thus contracted to be followed _b-, forfeiture of such property aud securities .

      Saks . —The Directors may sell such property so unproved aud let on ; lease , und re-invest the proceeds ol such sales in fresh purchases of land to ba dealt with In like manner . Permanent _InuMtrntnts . — -The Directors may institute , from time to time , such agricultural , manufacturing , and industrial establishments as may be in accordance with the means at tlieir 'disposal , and seem to them called for by the necessities of the members of the Association . Such establishments shull be , freehold , and the title thereof vested in the trustees on behalf of the Association . The parties appointed to manage and work in them shaU be tbe . servants of the Trustees and Directors , and responsible to them . Sales and Leases lo Trades . —fixe Directors shall have powers to sell or lease to Trades Unions such plots of land aud appropriate buildings as tbey may require for the cmploy ment of then-surplus labourers on such terms as may be mutually agreed upon .

      _CommcrdalEstablishmenlsand A gents . —warehouses and depots for manufactured ov agrieultral produce from anj of the establishments of the Association , and fur the convenience of tbe lessees or trades , may be _established in such places as may be thought bust . Or the Directors may appoint such agents for the sale of such commodities as they may see proper—the profits derived from these establishments to be applied in aid of the objects of the Association . Law Agent . —A solicitor shall be appointed at tlic firsl general meeting ortUe Association , by whose advice the Directors shall be guided in all mutters iitt ' ecting the purchase , sale , or leasing of lands , houses , and workshopsand generally in all matters having reference to th e acquisition , sale , or transference of real or personal property ,

      Banker . —At the first general meeting a Banker shal ! be appointed , in whose bauds all funds shall be deposited , with the exception of those required for current expenses . Sueh deposit shall be made iu tbe name of the Trustees of the Association , and shall not be withdrawn but b \ their order or that of a majority of them , at the _rcquusi ofthe Directors , und for the purposes uf the Association . Transfer of Shares . —The shares of this Association shall bo _tviiusfevable , and a fee of ows shilling per _shtw-c shall be paid by the party to whom the transfer is made . Official Documents and Notices . —AH official notices , scrip for shares , and other documents on the business ol the Association , shall be issued by tbe Directors , and signed by the Secretary , on their order _.

      Aotice.-—Whereas The Late National Trade...

      _Aotice .- —Whereas the late National Trades' _Conf-irenci _' _, held iii London , on Monday , 'il tit of March last , resolved that another Conference , to take into consideration certain plans of organisation , should be held on the lust Monday of July :- — This is to give Notice to all parties interested iu tbe proceedings ofthe said Conference , that the meeting will , iu accordance with thu said resolution , be held at-the _LiTEUAnr and Scientific Institution , John-street , Fitzroy square , on Monday , July ' 28 , 1815 . The Central Committee will attend at ten o ' clock in the morning to receive the credentials of delegates , aud to furnish thein nith tickets of admission ; and the sittings of the Conference will commence at three o ' clock , P . M ., T . S . Dunconihc , Esq ., M . P ., iu the chair . The Trades aro requested to forward the names and number of their delegates to the _Secretary , as early as convenient previous to the day of assembling the Conference By order of the Central Committee , T . Uakratt , Secretary , —30 , Hyde-street , Bloomsbury .

      Jm-Pm'al .Parliament*

      _Jm-pm ' al . parliament *

      House Of Lords, Mordat, July 7. Tho Seco...

      HOUSE OF LORDS , Mordat , July 7 . Tho second reading of the Criminal Jurisdiction Bill led to some discussion amongst the law lords , but it was eventually agreed to . A bill forgiving effect to the recent treaty with Brazil _, for thc more effectual suppression of the slave trade , was also road a second time , on the motion of the Burl of Aberdeen . A great number of bills ou the table wcre forwarded a 6 tage , after whieh thoir lovdnbips adjourned , Tuesday , July 8 . A petition presentud by Lord _Claucnrty , gave rise to some discussion relative to the working of the Irish Poor Law , and the enormous amount of vagrancy in Ireland . The noble lord inquired if the Government was prepared to intro luce some measure to check vagrancy , ami whether , during tho recess , tbey would take into tlieir consideration the possibility of improving the present system of medical relief ? Lovd Stanlbt said that Government in the next session of Parliament would offer no objection to the appointment of II committee of liio , mr . Y into the working of thc Irish Poor Law , in-duding that ofthe present system of medical relief , but they were not prepared to introduce any further aniendment of _tliolitwit .-eh _* . After some remarks from the Jlarqn ' _is of Clanricirde and tiie Marquis of Londonderry , the matter droppud . * Some bills on thc table were forwarded a stage , and their lordships adjourned . TnuitsDAV , July 10 . Their Lordships assembled at five o ' clock . AltttESTMENT OF WACES ( SCOTtAND ) BILI ,. On the motion of Lord Campuull , this Bill was rend a third time and passed , Friday , July 11 . " Privilege" and Kail way matters occupied thenttention of tlieir lordships this evening , diversified by the mountebank antics of Lord Brougham , who was as usual , all talk . _^;" _"**' *

      . House Oh' Commons, Mondat, Jew 7. Gove...

      . HOUSE Oh' COMMONS , Mondat , Jew 7 . GOVERNMIM-T _MEASl'Bfig . Sir H . Peel stated the course lio meant to pursue witli respect to the mass of business before the house , tin whole of whieh it was impossible to get tlirough _dut-ini the present session . " lie would proceed With tllC _Colll-go ( Ireland-Bill , the Poor J , nw ( Scotland ) Hill , nnd witli the bill for relieving the Jewish disabilities , which , owin _*; to the press of other business , lie had been hitherto compelled to postpone . Ho should also proceed with the Dill . _, of Exchange Bill , the Turnpike Trusts Bill , the bill foi the removal of the Irish and Scotch pauper-- , if Sir J Graham should find it necessary to _relinyuish tin Parochial Settlement Bill . He should also proceed witl . the Valuation ( lroland ) Bill , the Criminal Lunatic-( Ireland ) Bill , the Drainage ( Ireland ) Bill , tb . Joint Stock Companies ( Ireland ) Bill , tho IrtsK

      Fisheries Bill , the bill tor continuing the Unlawful _Oathi-( _Irelaiiil ) Bill , the Slave Trade BiH , tlie . Jfeiel . ani Seamen ' s Bill , tho Small Debts . ' Hill , the Common .- ' Enclosure Bill , to facilitate which lie would pro'iOH morning . sittings , and the . _Con-iolidaiion of the Custom * Acts , whieh had not yet been introduced , but which wa .-ofso much importance to the mercantile world , that hi should certainly go on with it if it should l > 0 _rCCCivt'l . with unanimity by Ihe huusc on its introduction . Till following bills be proposed to relinquish for the present sission—the Physic and Surgery Bill , u , e _ColK-ges ot _HiysiciniiB and Surgeons Bill , the Justices' Clerks Bill thc Parochial Settlement Bill , tho Merchant Seumeti _' - ' run * BiU , and the Charitable Trusts Bill . Of tinprinciple of this latter bill he entirely appiovtd , but at this late period of the session he did not think it advisabl . to proceed with it _.

      r . y _« _-i , „ "' Meniben c , klX m " TI , e Ecclesiastical Courts Bill . " Sir IL Peel said that that bill was under the core o ! Lord John Kuuell _, but he should certain ] v _vote twit , second reading , lie _tenrcd , however , he could not "iv . up a sufficient number of government ni ghts to the noble lord , to warrant him in the . . _xpcftaiion _ofbe-in-r able ' to pass it . ° Lord J . _HcssKtt soon afterwards r _» sc and said that under the circumstances , he would not _prccs tlw bill during the present session . The question of privilege then came on , " » nd envrosfceil the attention ofthe house for upwards of three hours . Mr . Divltt moved tint David Phillips _l , _« ,. _n wj , _„ *• _„ . bar , ior liaving brou ght a .. nctU . n hg „ i _, i « _Ja _^ r _ivrott Esq ., for evidence given bv him before a committee _oftb . House of Commons . . Ultimately , the attorneys tind the parties who pl « . _<*« d that tbey had _JaotJiing to do with the mutter fwhtel

      . House Oh' Commons, Mondat, Jew 7. Gove...

      _appeared to be uncontradicted ) , were _oischnvged from _furthero-. tendnnco . . ' " . - : [ ., " . . Tlic house then went into committee on the Colleges ( _Irelaii _^ Bi _^ _^ the vcniaiiideiof the eveidr . gr "' , ¦ ¦ . _* / - -: ., t _^ vYxr 3 vLi s . ~} V ' "" ' ; _'*' ; . ' \ * The house met at twclre"d _' cloeK * an 1 in the _cowsc _. of the afternoon mr . de cohsfdcrablc progress in the _comtnittee oil the Coirinions'Ehclosure Bill . ' Mr . T . Duncombe presented a petition signed by 2 , 70 l > of flic inhabitants if Mansfield , in Nottinghamshire , com , iilaihingof the paupers who _' _sou _ij lit refuge in the workhouses for one ni ht ' being obliged to work at the » _-ht-.-l He gave notice ot his intention to put a question to the _ri-ht boi ' i . baronet " ( Sir J . Graham ) upon the subject . Thehon . member also _presented a petition from Captain Digby complaining of confinement in _Stillwcll ' _s Lunatic Asvlum at _llUUugi ' on . ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ .. ' . '" . ' nt . t _*___* .

      - * SLAVE TRAM . ' . Lord PAiMEBSTcis then moved for a return of the names and description [ of the witnesses examined before the mixed British and French commission appointed to inquire into the best means for suppiessing the slave trade ; ami also i ' ov a coys ol' extracts uf the evidence giviti by those witnesses . The noble lord spoke at great length i : > _suijiiort of his motion , which was opposed by Sir K . Peel . After a lengthy discussion thc house divided , when the motion was negatived by 94 to 51 . COLLEGES ( IHELiXD ) B 11 L . ' On the order of the day for bringing up the report ' on this bill ,

      Mr . ' Wyse moved , " That it is tli « opinion of this house , that whereas the Act of Settlement enacts thata college be annexed to the University of Dublin in addition to the College of Ihe Holy Trinity , under the name aud title * ol liing ' s College , and tbe act of 1703 provides that ; all future colleges that may be annexed to said university , after the passing of that act , be open to Roman Catholics and Protestant dissenters equally with Protistatits in all their honours and emolumen t !* , as wel' as studies , the colleges _proposed to bo founded under tbe present bill he annexed to the said university under the conditions which theact ofl 793 prescribes . " Sir J . GiiAiiAst objected to the amendment , which , sifter a few words from ilr . Slnnr , was negatived . The report wns then received . The Field Gardens Bill was read a third time nnd passed . The other orders of the day wero then disposed of , and thc house adjourned at two o ' clock .

      _Wkdsesday _, July 9 . The house met at twelve o ' clock , and was occupied until nearly six in discussing thc clauses of tho Lunatic Asylums ami . Pauper Lunatics Bill . The hill passed tlirough committee , and was ordered to be reported on Friday . Mi * . _MaCAI'lav subsequently moved , in the absence of Mr ! Rttthcrl'tird , the second reading of tlw Scotch Universities Bill . He regretted much to find that the bill was to be opposed by the Goveiinnent , for it was a bill founded upon Aound principle , the application of which was called for by the peculiar circumstances of Scotland , This principle was precisely the same as that upon which the Irish Colleges Bill was grounded , and he could not understand how the Government could have introduced the

      latter , and yet oppose , as he believed it was their intention to do , the former . In Ireland , as in Scotland , the Established Church was composed of the minority of the people , and yet in Ireland t ie Government opposed the application of anything like a test—they would not even have thc test of a belief in revelation , and still , by their opposition to this bill , they showed that they were prepared to maintain tests in Scotland . The right hon . gentleman then adverted tu the recent occurreiict-s in the Church of Scotland , and contended that by the enforcement of tests tlicy would shut out from the universities more than one half of the ' Presbyterian people of Scotlaud , By throwing out this bill , in fact , they would cause

      a rival establishment to be founded , which would diminish the number ofthe pupils and tho resources ofthe universities ; and the result would be that Scotland would be blessed with a race of the shallowest " _doniiniis , " tilling the chairs of Adam Smith , Dugald Stewart Kcid , Black , and Ferguson . Th . e right hon . gentleman then challenged the Government with not knowing it 6 own mind fur twenty-four hours together—thoy were against tests in Limerick , for them at Glasgow , against thein at Belfast , and for thein at Aberdeen . The Government was tike a reed shaken by the wind , and could not command publie respect even for an hour . The right hon . _ijontloiiian , after some further observations , moved the second reading ofthe bill .

      Sir J . _GitAiiAMsaiil he was not opposed to the first introduction of the bill , reserving himself for the second reading , in order that hc might have an opportunity of ascertaining thc result ofthe deliberations ofthe General Assembly of Scotland . The result of those deliberations only confirmed hint in his previous disposition to oppose the measure , such opposition arising from an honest anil conscientious sense of publie duty , looking to the engageincuts of the Crown with tlte Scottish Church , and looking also as a Minister ofthe Crown to thc effect of the measure upon the interests of thc country . He was on

      principle rather favourable to tests , and in Scotland tests , as Ihcy existed , were founded on ancient statutes , and were , in his opinion , fur st . perior to any modern modifications . In Ireland , however , tests were not advisable , owing to the peculiar circumstances of the eountry . In Scotland he feared that sectarian education was inevitable . Thc tests prescribed by statute were intended for the security of the Established Church , tbe destruction of which appeared to be the undisguised object of the Free Church party . Under these circumstances , the right hon . baronet moved that the bill should be read a second time that day three months .

      _SirG . Grey , M . 0 . Buller , and Lord John Bussell approved ofthe bill ; Mr . J . _Wortley , Sir R , Inglis , Mr . Pringle , and Sir . lt . Peel , spoke against it . The house . divided , ' when tliere appeared—For the second reading of the bill 108 Against it . . . . 11 G Majority against it . . ——8 Mr . Watson then moved the committal of thc Catholic Relief Bill , the object of wliich was to repeal those laws on the statute-book which wcre still unrepealed against the Catholics . Sir J . _Guaimm was opposed to proceeding with the bill at present , for although he was favourable to the principle of the bill , yet the details required tlic greatest care and consideration . After some discussion the hous ' o divided , and the bill was defeated by a majority of 89 to 47 . Tbe other orders of the day were then disposed of , nnd the house _adjourred .

      - _Thvbsoat _, July 10 . The house went into committee on the Commons Enclosure Dill , when clauses from seventy to the end of the _titfl were read , and after soma discussion agftcd to . The rcpi ' rt was ordered to hu received on Thursday next , _laisu colleges bill . On the motion thatthe Colleges ' ( Irish ] Bill he redd a third time , Mr . Bekn'l Osdornb proposed the ' following amendment;—" TlnU , in Jmiiiblu address be ' presented to her Majesty , praying tliat she will be graciousl y pleased to direct an inquiry to be made into tho amount of the revenues of Trinity College , Dublin , from rents of College lands , endowments and bequests , fees on matriculation ,

      on taking degrees , and from every other source ; also in the inauner in which that income is expended , the number of senior and junior fellows , of professors , scholars , aud all other officers of the college , with the amount of salary and allowances to each of them ; with n view to ascertain whether the income or funds at present applied solely to the benefit of Protestants in Trinity College , Dublin , might not be beneficially extended , so as to make Roman Catholics and Protestant Dissenters eligible , if otherwise qualified , to all scholarships , and to all such fellowship- * , professorships , and other offices in Trinity College , Dublin , jas are not intended for ecclesiastical purposes , or immediately con . necteil with occlesiastical endowment .

      Mr . Bellew seconded the motion on whieh an aid . muted discussion took place , in which Sir James Graham-Mr . Sham , tbe Recorder bf Dublin Sir Robert Inglis , ' Morgan J . O'Connell , Mr . Sheil , Sir Robert Peel , and Lord John Russell took part . On thc house dividing , tbe numbers wero ror tho amendment „ . ... _oj Against it ' .,, . „ - [( jg Majority against the amendment —77 The house afterwards divided on the main _imestion _, when there appeared—For the third reading 177 Againstit ttt " 2 fl Majority ' ... __ _-u The bill was then read _u third time and passed .

      MERCHANT SEAMEN ' S VUNO BILL . Tho report on tbis bill having been brought up , Mr . Wawn moved that it be _re-committed . Sir II . Docclas expressed a hope that the bill would bo postponed till next session . Sir G . _CtEaK . _Mgretted the necessity for postponement , but hoped tlmfduring the recess a more _comprehend meiKure mi ght be devised . The hill was then postponed till next session .

      _Fiitoay , Jilt 11 . The house met at twelve o ' clock , in order to proceed With the committee en the Lunatics Bill . The house had no sooner been made b y the aid of tbe members attending committees , who withdrew after it was made , than Mr . T . Duncombe moved that the house be counted . There wore not forty members present , but the Speaker waiied until they had been whipped in from the committees . Mr . Duncombe was , however , so strongly onposed to the bill , thathe repeated the attempt at count _, mg out more than once , alleging that thc bill was too important to be discussed in so thin a house At length thehouse being _constitutedbeve-nd _thepower of be n ; counted out , Mr , Dukcomme moved an amendment , to the effect bat h re wa . no time during the present session to e-ve lull consideration to a measure of such imnorinnce , and that it should , therefore , be postponed until the next session .

      Lord Asian then entered into an exposition of the objects of tie bUl , stated the frightful magnitude of th _-Msung evils , and detained the way iu which it „ ,.- _proi-osod . to protect the unfortunate" lunatics from th . se _cnidtM to Which tbey had been hitherto _expo'cd Mr . _Di-kcomdb contended , at much lencth that tin . b . Hw . u'dbe _usi-les _. as a protection to lunati ; Tl , r . u _. reio . _iegoodpro . _' . sions in it , but otheis wire sends ¦• _hieviu- hat _hemisttake the sense ol the house upon the _piopriotyofj-KWcponing the bill . "eK 0 UEe UP ° »

      . House Oh' Commons, Mondat, Jew 7. Gove...

      After some further discussion tho house _nlvi-iM Mr . Duncombe ' s amendment , wliich was ne" -,, * , ' , % majority of . 66 to l . _£ TM _* ftrlncr _eonsiiJerLn % bill , wis postponed . lo „ Tuesday let . of % 1 J ? -, a .. Knmn A- ** , ill A ** _f-JlCnilCc _.-MI _UiA I _^

      POOR LAW A' . M . LNBMEST ( SCOTLAND ) r _. _ILl Sir J . ChaH aM liiovcd the order of the day f _tjlt ; , _, resolving itself in to committee ou the Poor La « \ !' ' _^ ment ( Scotland ) Bill . ' _""H Mr . Hume , Mr . _wttrf , Mr . P . M . Stewart , am ... hou . members urged upon the right hon . bavt . the * . ! sity of postponing the bill until next sessior . . ' _** - . Mr . Ti Di-NCOMUE said , although he was UOt coiin himself with Scotland , hv had presented Severn ] _^ _y " to this liouse emanating from large budies . n 6 . _^ sented one signed by _ab'jut O'OOO persons from Ahltl "" also some from Paisley , Glasgow , Dundee , ami _EiVuO In the latter place the petition emanated IVnm ; , , „ _?< at which lit * , llvwystw yvitsided , and was signed b y a _* _'* ( iOOO or 700 ( 1 persons . They all c _. inplaiiied _oflliisi _,, _^ '' _5 The question was , whether this bill would uot _iilace _" } _*" people of Scotland in a woiic position than they _c 1 C ( . ! at present . The poor generally considered th : [ t _; t ' _*^ do so . The object of this bill was tu quash e _ertaj _,, _^ peals which ' went to obtain rights wliich the p _^ '•* only lately discovered to exist . He hoped \\ Kl , ' i _** _Majw-ty _' s Ministers v . ould postpone the bill . ' " _*>

      Sir J . Gbaham said that tho inquiry into the n ) a .. had been extensive , and he never bad proposed a Wa . _^ to the house upon the principle of which he ty . _^ , _"* _Mith-ticd than he did upon the one bvf _.. r

      Extkssive Conflagration* At 1'I.Ackw.W.I...

      Extkssive Conflagration * at 1 ' i . ackw . w . i .. — I ) , _STUTCTIOX OF K-GUT ll « CSKS . ~ ' 0 l | Tui ' _i-dilv ' _ni-A afire biiikc out in ono ot the houses in 1 ' _oHv-l'Ja near the Folly llouse _^ Black wall , and which ' n _.-jujjjj in the destruction of eight hoiisc . _** , tho almdeoCnearj ' _f ' _ortv persons , who havo lost the whole ci" their I ' m-, !' turc , and in ' sonic instances the greater _] nirti _* iii J thoir waring apparel . From inquiries institW dniiiif- the raging of the lire , the reporter lcaiw that thc discovery was made between seven .- nut ci- ** * by cmcofthcoecum ' crs , named .-Wcst , ' _* i poor w . % man , whose attention , it-appears , was dim-ted to ({ j chimney ' of his habitation by noticing _ilamos _is-uW out of it . He immediately got upon the _i'nof : i , endeavoured to subdue fin ; fire , which was then coj

      lined tothe chimney . In that , however , he was foiled ' fbr the door of the room having been left open , at " the wind bloving _strong from the south-west , -j . -Ramos and sparks were driven upon the rout " , wlij _^ being composed of thatch , was very speedily hi j general blaze . The adjoining habitations were _^ larly constructed , and the fire progressed right : . ' left with great swiftness . As soon as the fire _luTaavi-ibic in the _Iligh-stn- _'ct , mounted police ofiiorrs wcij dispatched for . the aid of the engines . Willi -j possible expedition the parish engines wcre draw * out , but from the peculiar situation ofthe _liliizit * _Ihuiscs the iircmen were unable tu act _snnim , _*' _- near to render the lcnst assistance . Meanwhile , _fy fir e , unrestrained , continued to burn with intensity completely _lighthig . up the river as far as GiwhukJ and Woolwich . Tiie ciiirincs of the London cstabliA

      ment from School-honse-hiiie , _iVelu-b se and Jcnm . square stations , with Mr . CVoohbind , the foreman- { the district , werc remarkably quick in arriving , _Ijjunfortunately the distance ofthe road from thc fit * prevented tliem from working in time to stop tl ( ravages of the fire . To get to the spot the _cnginu were obliged tobe taken across the marshes of the Isle of Dogs , and " Several hills and ditches had to le passed over before the scat ofthe fire could be gained , That liaving at | lcngth been accomplished , the School , Iiouse-laiic engine was taken to the edge of the Rlv- [ Thames , but , unfortunately , another difficulty litre presented itself : the tide being at ebb an immcrei quantity of hose was required before the flames could be touched with water . When matters werc at lengti adjusted the engine was effectively worked , hut the only good that could be done was the putting out tie fire scattered along tlic ground . Mr . Braidwood , tin

      superintendent ot the brigade , with the . Watling . street engine , next arrived , and was succeeded ty Mr . C ' oniiorton with thc West of England envki from Waterloo-road , it is impossible to describe ' the scene that followed during tho time the fire _tv-a _racing : men , women , and children wcre running }} and fro ( bewailing the calamity that had befallen thorn . By nine o ' clock the whole clump of houses , eight in number , were nearly destroyed , very little more _rsmaining than the bare walls . The occupiers , hard-working people , have been bereft of everything they possessed . The following arc the names ofthe sufferers : —James West , jwatcrman ; Joseph West , ditto ; Joseph Taylor , ditto ; Joseph West , gardener ; John Dublin , sawyer ; James Moore , captain of _tbil Emma ; William Leonard , police inspector ; and Joseph Lund . The number of persons who have thui been deprived ofa home is upwards of forty .

      _Muuraik is DuMi-MF . ssiiin-B . —Wc arc sorry fo learn that the murrain among cattle is prevalent al present in various parts of Dumfriesshire . —Duuifriu Herald . f _***>***** _mAi _\<*^^^^* _- _^> i _*>> _hi-i _^ . _^ . ¦ i mn

      Tiie Elections.. Wkst Suffolk.—On Monday...

      TIIE ELECTIONS . . Wkst Suffolk . —On Monday last Captain _TliiJip Bcnnct , of Brougham Hall , in the Conservative interest , was elected without opposition for this dis trict . In returning tlianks the newly-elected _mciata said , lie was resolved to support tho forming _inlci- - -l and the interest of the Church ; unpledged to any Ministry , hc would advocate all measures calculated to secure those great interests by wliich me _counirj flourished . Am . _vciio . v , MoxD . ir . —At an early hour this mflr & ing the bands and flags of the respective caitdid ;;« paraded the different streets of the town , and Icnj before nine o ' clock the Court-house ( a most _inconrenicnt place for such a meeting ) was crowded to s . _tfo _* cation with tho friends of both candidates . At ti . rt o ' cloek the Mayor < VV . D . Belcher , _E-q . ) took Lis scat , and thc usual preliminarv forms having kea gone through , Mr . Moilaml ( a solicitor ) , in a nc . it speech , in the course of which he paid a merited eulogiuin to thc abilities and character of the late Attornev-Goneral . nronosed Sir Fredp . _rb-. k _Tlie-df-a

      for re-election . A Werman f Ivde briefly seconded tb nomination . Mr . Gabriel Dims and Mr . Thonial Kendall proposed nnd seconded General C : uilfit ' , l Tlic Attoriicy-Gcneral ( Sir I- ' . Thesigcr ) nddvesK . j tho electors at great length , and was followed tjj General _Cnulflldd . A show of hands was then taU and after a second time of holding thein up was Set clared to bo in favour of General Caulfield . M friends of tho Attornoy-Gcner . il innnodiately till niaiided a poll . On Tuesday the polling" todi place . Sir F . Thesigcr took the " lead and maintains * it all day . At the close of the poll the number * were—Thesiger , _loti _; Caulfield , 120 . Majoritv if Thesigcr , 30 . ' % Kxetkr . _—Mosdat , July 7 . —The nomination | candidates took place this moraine at the Guildliais

      Charles Bird , Esq ., barrister-at- _' aw , p ,. „ sei ( _Gf-fj Briggs ; Dr . Barhaiu seconded the nomination . Till Mayor then proposed Sir John Duckworth ( Consent tire candidate ); T . Snow , Esq ., seconded the wm nation . General _Brings then addressed the dcctKand was followed by Sir John Duckworth . A _shi-i oi hands was called fur , und , after some _considtii turn , the shentt ' declared it to be in favour of Gci . nl briggs ; - A poll was demanded , which begins at cm o clock to-niorrcftv morning . § 9 Tumbat , Jolt 8 . —The _nolling commenced _H morning At nine o ' clock , Sir J . Duckworth v _^& a-bead of his opponent ; at twelve o'clock , 4-15 _;^ two oi clock , C 05 ; and , at four o'clock , when tlic ?*!* il ' _itS - } _* , ? _•*• - '• •< -- - Duckworth , ] , •»¦ _Li'igfes _, 588 . Majovity for Duckworth , 070 . S

      Royal Polytechnic Lvstitctio.V. —At This...

      Royal Polytechnic Lvstitctio . v . —At this instil" "' -- * H ' Dr . Ji . lm llyan is giving a daily lecture on tbe _cant-fs _^ s steam-boiler explosions . According to the _learue-l » * turer , the greatest number of explosions bave taken _f'f b . Unnng the tune tbe boiler hns been restinif and be * gave it . as bis / minimi , backed by the fiwt * scientific * - _* _'' * that almost m every case steam-boiler cxiil . _isi'ws ¦ _"*;¦ ¦ " _i-aiiso-l by inci-u-. tatioii . nliH . il incrustation pr von * - " " si timer in . nii acting efficientl y as a conductor bfb < _- :. t to ' ; o _* _»* 1 . ! i V " '" ' * ¦'•••¦ - '• • ' whether it be spring « r . v ' : w iter , holds a quantity of bicarbonate of lime in «¦ ' »•» " '" ti n "f ' ' ei ? . to produce steam drives off uiiff ; " 1 * . Vm _™ _;/?„ ' _* 5 " < : '•• ' _S"s vf this bicarbonate , . ii « _- ; A , _L _** _*«** . < _- _" . rb .. n ate of lime , an iiiHolnW _*** « pound , which is precipitated _acainst the sides of . he I *"* * - _^ _w ! _!^ . _V , CrU _* t ' ''V _^ ' "• _* ' _* _' * incrustation _'"*•""* lf _* _nucleus around whieh other salts _ervstoUse , whiili * # « not he the case wcreit not fur the _tireV-ence _ohhis ik _* - **; . <*

      in » Si T . " _"• ) xa l lhQ _^ _'I'Ofition of _cnrlon _*^ _Sf-l « ,,. _^ evented . , _hw . w _' . uWlie 110 ilKm * " * , _* IUW , uj preventing _uici-ustatim _* ,. not onlv the vha »« _-.-s « of _fnM ' _^ . _^ _^ ? ,, i , l J ! cli 0 ,, _' ™ ' * ' 1 _*« _^ a g . _c" . tf ! _ff £ r _* V ' / _»«*«¦*• ¦ ¦ _" « ¦ * has discovered a clieap am- / y d hrfl , « « i * * _ey •" . _" ' - "' _¦¦ - ' '•• _''g Hie incrustation « l _" -f . _^ _ooih-rs , wlnrfi invention is certainlvof vastimiw' _-- . _^ _--H-itTu _*\* ' _™ - B »»«» l ' tbc _watei-uscdin stcaa .- ! _^^ . ! f , i , mI « n , » " »» um , which prevents the f . inii _^ iuj ot the insoluble carbonate ,. f \ ime . i „ c cil \ 0 riSv v <* jv < momiim is composed of chlurine , ammonia , and HJftH _3 _t « ' _« of Hme of carbonic and K _« s _*»&» . . t , * n » , _* ffIV , . _•*«¦«& - ¦ - ¦ oftheebl . irideunites w « M uf ' _S $ tt x _( _: _' _,, _•" _" _' _^ «•« - fwins water . The rh _* _* _** f _* * Ot the Chloride unites _ivitli the calcium of the earl _«*« " > . ' _aiHllonns chloride of calcium , a s _.-. _lt « l . i _.. l , „ i . rlu . _iisi- " Si '

      * :. ! V _% Vr i ICCOI ,, _* mu , ld _* - _¦*•* ' * - •¦ ' « . a « d llfl l'a i " _" 8 V rid )/ f , w _" T u ,, iU ' 8 _* 11 tl » e aininoniaof l _\** p _fih . _ntt _.- _? i _' "»" _>« . _"fauimonia _, tt compoumt p _» ' _> L- 1 . 1 J , f _* _"S n utt l " t ,, e """ l _* of vapour , a _« u * ra the incrustation ot _steani-toiln- . s is entirely nrcvcuh itei

      Printed B Y Dougal. M'Gowan , Of 17, Fsreat Viii^Iii* Street, Haymarket , In Tbe Citv Of H- ' Estiuinster, "'Jr, '

      Printed b y DOUGAL M'GOWAN , of 17 , _fSreat Viii _^ iii * street , Haymarket , in tbe Citv of _H- ' estiuinster , _"'jr , '

      Uliice In The Same Street And Parish, Fo...

      _Uliice in the same Street and Parish , for the % c prittor , FEARGUS _O'COXJiQU , E 5 e ,, _SHUlUuM' _*"'' _* _- ; l' * ' WiLLtAM _IIb-vitt _, of Xo . is , _Churlcs-strcet , Bnn _^ _no street , Walworth , in the Parish of St . Mury , _^>' ton , in the County of Surrey , at _»!«• Office , _So- _* j So Strand , ia T . he Parish o St Mnry . le-Stri . nd , "Jd , ; City of _iVeftminster _St-lurd-iT _, j v w j _« IMS .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 12, 1845, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_12071845/page/8/