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Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th November 1845, Edition 3 of 4, Page 1, <34.0 .y^^ «*^ .^ar*'' ;^

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    • TilE LAN-R- -
    • Fatal Railway Accidexts.—About five o'clock on Friday morning week a melancholy accident occurred
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      Tile Lan-R- -

      _TilE _LAN-R- -

      To The Working Classes. , Mr Vsab Ini^S....

      TO THE WORKING CLASSES . , Mr _vsab _Ini _^ s _. -there never was : a _^ time - ' -t- „ the memoir vf the oldest nan , more fitting _*? iSS « _?^ _? ortion of _•*] etter ? £ e addressed to yon , and a portion of every ijpeh I have made to you about the Land , has eon-¦ _ffv j _,, a compaiison between the Talue of free si S : ea _d of slave labour , and I have pomted out to _^" _^ _fonabl ythcfact , that whilemillionsof people J _^ _jjjf instructed in one single ealling , all have 218 " _^ _riv eu to rem ain in a state of terrible ignorance 1 , 601 a question which , in itself , _involves , if not a T , _^ i ! w a command over all other trades in the _^ Lfmeaa agriculture . ori U—A _i

      « " * .. __ . _ i .: i _ . __ .: . lb- * e shown you that while you are in part . com-« _l " of earth , that while the Land supplies _every-? f _^ at you see , everything that yon wear , _every-^ - _^ . w you consume , and everything that _ininis-« , xou _^ _cwnfort-uay _, that keeps you alive , yet , ? von are wholly ignorant of these facts . God _J ° " " j _cnderfook no small task when I essayed to f _^ ° -. j * tou upon so heavy , so foreign , and so _combed a subject . It was , to you , not only a new --, «> but what _isvervmuch worse , it was one made science . " - .. _ . " er rrepnlsiTe , m consequence of the great ignorance of ? befar _fflhi o classes , by whose slovenly operations the . _oitss 0 f the science was very much retarded _, nils is , then , not only , a fitting time , but the Toy _^ _me to mallet the Talue of the Land into your

      heads . We are now threatened with famine . The _Mcsent spurious mode of living of the butterfly ! Ls and the possession of a sufficient portion of -bod for a short period , by the industrious class , may wevent you , for the present , from taking the whole Question into consideration ; but , as the railway bubble bursts , and as the scanty supply of food grows l and less , and when that _scanty reserve is raised bv speculators in price , then the sad reality will rjBd brforeyon _^ _;^^ _. _^ _i _,,..... .- _ r _y ' _-Hisnlteiiylmnoffiible to compute the number of

      idlers that are now engaged in the several bubble _speealations that are afloat :, and all of whom will be cast back npon society as soon as the bubble bursts . _Taesc parties , like yourselves , are now living from iand to month , - an evil which I have ever described ns the greatest that canbefal a people—au evil wliich must continue to exist as long as you work for money wages ; an evil which must be considerably au _gmented by the circumstance of the idlers who

      own the soil having an interest m purchasing your _ftbour cheap , and the power to make laws to compel vou to sell it at what price they choose to offer you , or to make you starve . If Icould bring myself to _icioice in so great a national calamity as that which most lead to famine , or to war , I would say , welcome plague , pestilence , or famine ; welcome war , welcome jEVtliing that will open the eyes of the survivors , and teach them how to prevent a recurrence of those ' _^ nations which affect the industrious alone .

      >" o monarch who reigns for OuR GOOD , and _wioa . title to reign is by " right divine : " no prince , io _neer , no squire , no bishop , no parson , no labourmonger , no soldier , no sailor , no pensioner , no placeman , no policeman , will starve , however short the amountofprovisionmay be . Why , then , should those _who pay them all , and upon whose labour they grow rich , slave _andstarve ? Let that question be answered and ihe answer would be found to be , because tke people have no control over that wliich produces

      food , and no Teice in the making of those laws which Kgulate the price of labour . " So man with two acres of land , or with one acre of land for the fair value , will starve , however great the famine maybe ; and ibr this reason , that the failure of the potatoe crop , cr any other crop , would be diminished by the substitution of other food . And few . men put all their eggs into one basket , or devote all their land to one purpose ; although I shall , presently , furnish you with such an example .

      The reason of this is , that if the failure of any crop should render his produce of the year insufficient for ins support for the year , his position as a free labourer will allow him to spread the calamity of one season over moreextensive time , by enabling him to receive such credit as will make up for the deficiency . Hence we find , that if a man pays £ 3 a-year for the occupation of two acres of land , he is in better circumstances , in trying times , than the man who , when employed , may earn £ 2 or £ 3 a-week , but _whese employment depends upon the caprice of another . The Land , then , is our legitimate

      speculation at the present time , and is , I think , di _3-tingui __ hedin its character from all other speculations by the fact , that while thousands who have been lured by the hope of gain are now trembling upon the very brink of destruction , our funds are up-husbanded , and bearing an interest _ef 2 i per cent ., ready , when Siting _opportnuitypresents itself , to be appropriated , _viiUutdeduction , to the purposes for which it was raised . In one of my letters from abroad , I stated _ihattheEnglishlabouring classes could now devote _iheniselves to agricultural pursuits under more iavearable auspices than the people of any other _tcsnirv in the world j and now I'll tell yen why .

      firstly—GrassLand , _tkatis , Landthathasnotbeen broken up for many years , is the most valuable description of Land , not that grassis the most valuable crop , but because the longer land is kept in grass the Stronger , ihe richer , ihe more productive , and Taluable it becomes . It is its time of rest ; and old grass land is to land that has been constantly cultivated , what the able-bodied vigorous man , in the prime of life , is to the helpless veteran , who has been broken down by hard toil and bad usage . There is then more of this maiden rich soil in England than is io be found in any country in Europe according to their respective dimensions . This anomaly is a consequence ofthe landlords imposing a condition upon their tenants that they shall only cultivate so many seres , leaving the remainder in grass .

      The second reason is , that in all other countries in Europe the surplus of produce after consumption sells mueh cheaper , and is worth much less than the same produce is worth in England . This arises from our system of _taxation , which raises every article , even labouritself , to a fictitious standard , thus—if English _^ _abonrersreeeivealarge amount of money wages , it is regulated by that scale of taxation which compels ihemtogive more money for everything they consume . The produce , then , after consumption , of two acres in England , would be worth more than double

      ihe amount that the same quantity of produce would ieteh in mostother countries . Yes , says thepolitical economist , but the value of that surplus also has but a fictitious value , and must be reduced to the proper standard by the fiction scale . It is no such thing , and now for a " greatfact "—a greater fact than the Corn Law League—the fact that an Englishman paying £ 5 a-year for two acres of Land and a house IS _* 0 T TAXED AT ALL-that is , he is not taxed except by himself , while , at the same time , in consequence of our system of taxation , those who deal with him give him the taxed price for his produce .

      Let me be perfectly understood . I may be asked if tithe and poor-rates are not to be paid by the holder of two acres . They are , but are a mere fleabite—an amount which would be more than made up by the additional taxed price of a sack of potatoes , a quarter of wheat , or a small pig . Furthermore , the tithe , poor-rates , and all other taxes paid upon Land in addition to the rent , will not bring it np to one half ihe amount paid in other countries for Land not near as good . If ow , I beg my readers to understand me clearly , as I mean precisely what I have been preaching to them for thirteen years , namely ,

      that if they were wise , and did tlieir own work , they may turn the follies and injustice of their rulers to profit . Here , then , I show them that the folly ol landlords in -keeping their Land in grass , while population daily presses upon the means of support , and even ibe injustice of taxation , may be turned to profit . In a word , then , the man in England who las two acres of Land for ever need onl y pay a very trifling amount of taxation ( simply what I have stated ) , the small duty on" leather ; while , in consequence of taxation , he will get double the amount for his surp lus that those of the same class _jjjjoadcanget .

      ' I am very particular in thus contrasting English agriculturists with those of other countries , and for this very simp le reason , because the Honourable and Keverend Baptist _Xoel , and the other _itdthusians , _iave i © _bJ ss "that manufecturing is the natural work

      To The Working Classes. , Mr Vsab Ini^S....

      of Englishmen , and agriculture the natural work of the people of all other countries . Bow irreverent ! how blasphemous ! Behold , the picture that I have often presented to you is now fully before you—a famine in England ! the natural consequence of which is that Englishmen are , to a frightful extent , at the mercy of the governments of foreign countries , whereas , if allowed to cultivate their own resources , she would be independent of their caprice . I will now state for you a still greater advantage that Englishmen , who vow become small farmers , have over the same class in other countries . Firstly , we leam thousands of instances daily where the small

      possessor furnishes a practical example of improvement to the slugglish old farmer , while none of them tread in his beaten plough-track . The Land abroad is subdivided and tilled , but without any science . Enormous rents are paid by great drudgery , and bad tenure is provided against by great economy , which ends in purchase . Our Association , then , will have the advantage of certainty of tenure , and the light of new science ; but yet a greater advantage remains to be told . Throughout thc whole Continent of Europe , except upon the side or summit of the towering Alps , where each little cottager , appears to be the direct inheritor from God himself of what is necessary to supply all his humble wants _. ' _-therB is

      scarcely ' sneh a thing as a resident farming class . The holders of acres , of half acres , of two acres , three acres , four acres , or five acres , seldom have habitations contiguous to their holdings . They live in Tillages , and even in large towns?—some at a distance of three , four , and even five miles from the Land they cultivate . Even in Belgium , where the small farm system exists to a great extent , the cottager , for the most part , lives at a considerable distance from his Land . This , as I stated in one of my letters from that country , is a consequence of a greater desire to possess a habitation from which the occupant cannot beousted _, than even the Land inthe first instance .

      Now , in onr Association , the cottage would be on the Land ; and I would rather give £ 8 a year for two acres of Land with a cottage upon it , than have it for nothing _^ if I was obliged to live even one mile from it , for bear in mind tbat not only the residence , but the farm building--, are three , four , and five miles distant irom the Land . This is the greatest advantage of all ; and now I will mention to you the case of a general failure where one of our members put all his eggs in one basket . John Milward , who holds two shares in our Association , recently bought four acres oif good Land , within _twenty-three miles of London , for which he paid £ 75 . Now , mark , £ 1815 s . is the purchase price at which I stated good Land could be bought , and I was laughed-at . But

      if you will take the trouble to calculate you will find that £ 15 for four acres is exactly £ 18 Ios . an acre . He planted the whole four acres with potatoes this year , and was offered £ 100 for them when planted , from which deduct £ 25 for expense , ( and mind that the manure and labour , which constituted nearly all the expense , were still in the ground , and of whieh he would have the future benefit , ) but deduct £ 25 from- the £ 100 , and yon find that he would have the ground for ever for NOTHING after one crop . The potatoes have all failed , and are now not worth a pound ; but that proves nothing , as such a failure is not upon record ; while , upon the other hand , if the crop had not failed the produce would have been worlh £ 200 .

      For the present I need say no more than to refer you to the glorious position in which our National Regeneration Association stands , and to my account , as Deputy-Treasurer from the time I last settled up , to the period that the Post-office orders have been signed tiy the-Treasurer . My friends , —I have never deceived you ; aud now , mark my words , the day of our power is fast approaching ; keep your eye fixed steadily upon the thing that feeds you ; the thing that will give you a vote ; the thing that will give you a constitution and institutions , under which I hope and trust in God to see you one day happy , flourishing , contented , and at rest . Ever your faithful friend and servant , Feargus O'Coknob .

      P . S . I wish most sincerely that every man _wha is in doubt upon the subject , or who wishes to receive practical knowledge , would read my practical work on Small Farms . I have the more pleasure in recommending it , because 1 have sold the copyright , and have no earthly interest in its sale beyond that of servingycu . Agents may be supplied through Mr . Heywood , Mr . Cleave , JUr . Hetherington , or by sending their orders to the Nortltem Star office , 16 , Great " \ Vindmill-strcet , London . Since the above was written , I offered John Milward £ 130 for his four acres , but he refused it . It was not for the Association , but for myself . F . O'C .

      Fatal Railway Accidexts.—About Five O'Clock On Friday Morning Week A Melancholy Accident Occurred

      Fatal Railway Accidexts . —About five o clock on Friday morning week a melancholy accident occurred

      At Tne Jul Willing Station Or Tne .Ayrsu...

      at tne Jul willing station or tne . ayrsuire Kailway , whereby , we regret to add , a porter , named Henry Murray , lost his life . The deceased , who had been assisting in pushing forward - two ' trucks , to attach them to the luggage train from Ayr , incautiously attempted to do so when they were still in motion , whereby he was so severely bruised that he died about one o ' clock in the afternoon . He was a sober , industrious man , and has left a widow and small family . —About two o ' clock on the same day a boy , named Morrison , belonging to Irvine , had , without the knowledge of the servants of the company , and contrary to their rules , get upon a luggage-truck , from whence he was removed by one of the porters ; but , having again climbed up unperceived by the servants , who were pushing forward the trucks with their heads down at the time , fell between the two trucks , and was killed on the spot .

      _EXTBAORMXART SUICIDE BV A YOCXO GlM .. —On Monday Mr . Bedford held an inquest at the Rising Sun , Charles-street , Grosvenor-square , on tho body of Ann Goundry , aged twelve years . Mrs . Ann North , of 22 , Lisson-street , Edgeware-road , said that the diseased was her grand-daughter . She had lived with witness during the past two months , and been seen by her mother during that period every day . On Wednesday last she took some lump sugar which she ought not , for which witness scolded her , but did not strike her . She went to bed the same night about the usual hour , and got up between seven and eig htthefollowingniorning . Shortl yafter dressing herself , she went out , and was not seen afterwards by witness . She has a father , who is a steam engine maker , but he has absconded from his

      family , and has not been seen during the last two yeare . The deceased was very sullen and unforgiving . EmmaNorth , a daughter of the last witness , said that on the night of Wednesday last the deceased slept with witness . She had retired to bed previous to witness , and on her awaking the following morning she appeared Very eheerful , and conversed with her brother , who slept in tiie same room , about the performance atone ofthe theatres . About half an hour after she got up , witness saw her standing on the step ofthe street door , and shortly afterwards she missed her . James . Gulliver , one of the gatekeepers of Kensington Gardens , said that on the morning of Thursday last he received information that the deceased had thrown herself into the water . " He immediately despatched intelligence to the Royal Humane Society ' s receiving house . A man told witness that he had seen the deceased walk some distance into the river , then return , and afterwards

      walk back a"ain , and fall into the water and disappear . Charles Pullen , one of the boatmen to the lloyal Humane Society , was on the Serpentine River , in a boat , on Thursday morning last , when he saw the deceased sitting on a seat , without a bonnet or shawL lie asked her what she did there ; and she replied thatshe was looldnjifor her bonnet andshawl , which she had lost . She afterwards walked away very quickly , in "die direction of Kensington . About ten o ' clock the same morning , Mr . Superintendent Williams , and witness , fr om information they received , went and dragged the river , and after a search of twenty minutes they found the body , which was taken to the receiving-house , and placed in a warm bath , and everything done that could be devised , but without _a-vail , life being _extinct . The coroner remarked upon the extraordinary nature of the case , and the jury returned a verdict of "Temporary mental derangement . "

      The State Of Germany. .]]. Letter Ii. To...

      THE STATE OF GERMANY . . ]] . LETTER II . TO M 1 E _EDIIOB-OF THE NORTHERN STAR , " Dbar Sib , —Having , in my first letter described the state of Germany . before and during the French Revolution , as well as during the reign of Napoieon ; having related how the great conqueror was overthrown } and by what parties , I now resume the thread of my narrative to show what _Germanymade of herself after this " glorous restoration of natfcdaal independence . . . . _ _.- .. » . _**• . The view I took of all these events was diametri : cally opposed to that in which they generally- are represented ; but my view is , to a letter , -, confirmed by the events of the following , period of German history . Had the war against _Napoieon really been a war of liberty against despotism , the consequence would have been , that all those nations which Napoleon has subdued , would , after his downfall , have proclaimed the principles andeuioved the blessings

      of equality . " But quite the contrary was the case . With England , the war had been commenced by the frightened aristocracy , and supported by , the meneyocracy , who found a source of immense profit in the repeated loans and the swelling of the National Debt ; . in the opportunity afforded them to enter into the SouthAmerican markets , to cram them with their own manufactures , and ; to conquer , such French , Spanish , and Dutch colonies as , they thought proper , for the better filling . " of . tlieir purses ; to make " Britannia rule the waves" despotic ,,-that they might - ¦ harass "to their heart ' s ' pleasure _, the trade of any- other nation , whose competition threatened to _endanger the progress of tlieir own enrichment ; and lastly , to assert their right of making enormous profits , by providing the _European markets , in opposition to Napoleon ' s _continentalsystem . Such were the real causes of the long war on the part of those classes in whose hands the Government of

      England was then deposited ; and as to the pretext ; that the fundamental principles of the English Constitution were endangered by the French Revolution , it only shows what a _' precious piece of workmanship this " perfection of human reason" must have been . As to Spain , the war had commenced in defence oi the principle of legitimate succession , and of the inquisitorial despotism of the priesthood . The principles ofthe constitution of 1812 , was introduced later , in order to give tlie people some inducement to con - tinue the struggle , being themselves of French origin . Italy never was opposed to Napoleon , having received nothing but benefits from his hands , and having to thank him for hervery existence as a nation . The same was the case with Poland . Wliat Germany was indebted for to Napoleon I have related in my first letter .

      By all and each of the victorious powers thedownfal of Na p oleon was considered as the destruction of the French Revolution , and the triumph of legitimacy . The consequences were , of course , the restoration of this principle at home , first under the disguise of such sentimentalities as " holy alliance , " " eternal peace , " ' * polio weal , " " confidence between prince and subject , " & 2 ., < fcc , afterwards undisguised by the bayonet and the dungeon . The impotency of the conquerors was sufficiently shown by this one fact , that , after all , the vanquished French people , with a hated dynasty forced upon them , and maintained by 150 , 000 foreign muskets , yet inspired such awe in the breasts of their victorious enemies , that they got a tolerably liberal

      constitution , while the other nations , with all their exertions , and all their boasting of liberty , got nothing hut line words first , and hard bullets afterwards . The putting down of the French Revolution was celebrated by the massacres of Republicans inthe south of Frauce ; by the blaze ofthe inquisitorial pile and the restoration of native despotism in Spain and , Italy , and by the gagging-bills and " _Pcterloo " in __ England . We shall -now see that in Germany things took a similar course . The Kingdom of Prussia was the first of all German states to declare war against Napoleon . It was then governed by . _Fbedebick William III ., nick named "The Just , " one of the greatest blockheads that ever graced a throne . Born to be a corporal and

      to inspect the buttons of an army ; dissolute , without passion , and a morality-monger at the same time , unable to speak otherwise but in the infinite tense , surpassed only by his son as a writer of proclamations ; he knew only two feelings- —fear and corporal-like iinperiousness . During the first half of his reign his predominating state of mind was the fear of NAPof leon , who treated hnn with the generosity of contempt in giving him back half his kingdom , whicli he did not think worth the keeping . It was this fear which led him to allow a party of half-and-half reformers to govern in his stead , Hardenbero . Sirein , _Schon , _Scbabnhobst , _dsc , who introduced a more liberal organisation of municipalities , abolition of * servitude , commutation of feudal services .

      into rent , or a fixed sum of twenty-five years purchase , and above all , tbe military organisation , which gives the people a tremendous power , and wbichsome time or other will be used against the Government . They also " prepared" a constitution which , however , has not yet made its appearance . We sisal ! soon see what turn the affairs of Prussia took after the putting down of the French Revolution . The "Coreican monster" being got into safe custody , there was immediately a great congress of great aiid petty despots held at Vienna , in order to divide the booty aud the prize-money , and to see how far the anti-revolutionary state of things could be restored . Nationswere bought and sold , divided and united , just as it best suited thc interests and purposes of

      their rulers . There were only three States present who knew what they were about _^ _-England , intending to keep up and extend her commercial supremacy , to retain the lion ' s share out of the colonial plunder , ahd to weaken all the remainder—France ,. not to suffer too much , and weaken all others—Russia , to get increase of strength and territory , and to weaken all others ; the remainder were directed by sentimentalities , petty egotism , and some of them even by a sort of ridiculous disinterestedness . The consequence was , that France spoiled thejobfor . the great German States ; that Russia got the best part of Poland ; and England extended her maritime

      power more by the peace than by the war and obtained the superiority in all continental markets—of no use for the English people , but means of enormous enrichment to the English middle classes . The German states , who thought of nothing but of their darling principle of legitimacy , were cheated once more , and lost by the peace everything they had won by the war . Germany remained split up into thirty-eight states , whose divisions hinders all internal progress , and makes Fiance more than a match for her ; and who continuing the best market for English manufactures , served only to enrich the English middle classes . It is all well i ' or this section of

      tlie English people to boast of the generosity which prompted them to send enormous sums of money to keep up the war against Napoleon ; but , if we even suppose that it was them , and not the working people , who in reality had to pay these subsidiesthey only intended , by their generosity , to re-open the continental markets , and in this they succeeded so well that the profits they have drawn since the peace , from Germany alone , would repay those sums at least six times over . It is really middle class generosity which first makes you a present in the shape of subsidies , and afterwards makes you repay it six-fold inthe shape of profits . Would they have been so eager to pay those subsidies , if at the end of the war , the reverse had been likely to be the case ; and England been inundated with German manufactures , instead of Germany being kept in manufacturing

      bondage by a few English capitalists ? However , Germany was cheated on ail hands , and mostly by her own so called friends and allies . This I should not much care for myself , as I know very well that we are approaching to a re-organization of European society , which will prevent such tricks on the one hand , and such imbecilities on the other ; what I want to show is , first , that neither the English people , nor any other people profitted bycheating the German despots , but that it all was for the benefit of other despots ; or of one particular class , whose interest is opposed to the people ; and second , that the very first act ot the German restored despots showed their thorough incapacity . We now turn to the home affairs of Germany .

      Wehave seen who were the parties that , with the aid of English money and Russian barbarism , put down the _FrencliRevoJution . They were divided into two sections ; first , the violent partisans of old " Christian Germanic" society , the peasantry and the _enthusiastic youth , who were impelled , bj the fanaticism of " servitude , of nationality , ol legitimacy and reli gion ; and second , the more sober middle class men , who " wished to be let alone , " to make money and to spend it without being bothered with , the impudent interference of -great historical events . The latter nartv were

      _satisted as SQOn as they had obtained the peace , the Wght to . buy in the cheapest market , to drink coffee without admixture of chicory , and to be excluded fromallpohticalaffairs . The « ' Christian Germanics , " however , now became the active supporters of the restored governments , and did everything in their power to screw history back to 1789 . As to those who wished to seethe people enjoy _son-e of the fruits of their exertions , they had been strong enough to make their watchwords the battle-erv of 1813 , but" not the practice of 1815 . The y got some fine promises of constitutions , free press , & C and that was all ; m practice everything was

      The State Of Germany. .]]. Letter Ii. To...

      _>^^^^ j _^^ _0 _^^ 7 ! Jaiii Frenchificd _/' Bj lrts of Germany were purgeel , ' as far ' as _pessftle , 'I | ru ) ih the traceB of "foreign despotism , " and those _jffrvihees only which were situated on the left ° _f v _? _M _^ _hu $ . ' retained "their " French institutions . ' , Th _* e ' _* Eject _* drtof , . Hesse went so far as to ' restore even the _pigtails ofhis soldiers , which tad been cut off by the _impious h & BdOf the French . ' . ' In" short , _Gartowy _* as , well _^ Kevery other country , " , offered the P . lctu * E . of a shameless ; reaction which was only distin £ " ?} h . ed by si Character of timidity arid weakness ; it , _* l _^ ot _eypn eleva te . _iteelf to that , degree of energy t _! « i ' . _teV ' olutioniiry principles we re combated m rf , _rSlv Pain ; France ;' and England . . ' _> ' ¦ 1 _"Cheating ; system , to which'G ' ermaivy had been

      suiyecjea at the Congress of Vienna ,. now _, _com-^ _Tflv _Priced between the different German statest ; theni 8 elves . Prussia arid Austria- in order to wettRm the -power of the different- " states , forced them * -giveisoime sort of mongrel ' constitutions , _wlucKtteakened the governments , and without im-P arto f any power to the people , or even the middle _classesT- - Germany 'being constituted a confederacy ° f st ? _% _*?» "whose _ettiiassies , ' sent by the" governments alone ; _fermed-thediet ; " there was no risk-that " the Eeop _ieaiight-become" too strong ; as every state ' was _BW _^ _-fe the reBblntions of the diet , vwhich were law for _aa | 6 enriaby , . without- beinjg subject to the approvaipt ahy . representative assembly . " In this diet it w _^ _M _^ Satter of course that Prussia arid Austria rtSs _^*^« g » rutely ; they only had to threaten , the leaser _pKrifees , - to _\* ibahdon " them in" tlieir ' - struggle

      witu weir representative . assemblies ,- in order to frighten themJnto'implicit obedience , By these means , by their overwhelming power , and by their heing the true representatives of that principle fvoiu which every German-prince derives his power , ' they have made themselves the absolute rulers of Germany . Whatever may be done in the small states is without any effect in practice . The straggles of the Liberal middle classes of Germany remained fruitless as long as they were confined to the smaller southern states ; they became " important as soon as the middle classes of Prussia were aroused from their lethargy . And as the Austrian people can hardly be said to belong to the civilised world , and , in consequence , submit quietly to their paternal despotism , the state which may be taken as the centre of German modern history , as the barometer ol the movements of public opinion , is Prussia .

      After the downfall of Napoleon , the King of Prussia spent some of his happiest years . He was cheated , it is true , on every hand . England cheated him ' , France cheated him j his own dear friends , the Emperors of Austria and Russia , cheated hirii over and over again ; but he , in the fulness of his heart , did not even find it out ; he could not think of the possibility of there being any such scoundrels in the world who could cheat Frederick William III ., "the Just . " He was happy ' . Napoleon was overthrown . He-had no fear . He pressed the Article 13 th of : the Fundamental Federative Act of

      Germany , which promised a constitution for every state . He pressed the other article about the liberty bf tlie press . Nay , on the 22 nd of May , 1815 , he issued a proclamation commencing with these words—words in which his benevolent happiness was beautifully blended with his corporal-like impcriousness— "There shall be a representation of the people ! " He went on to order that a commission sliould be named to prepare a constituion for his people ; and even in 1819 , when there had been revolutionary symptoms in Prussia , when re-action was rifest all over Europe , and when the glorious fruit of the Congresses was in its full blossom , even then he declared tbat , in future , no public loan should be contracted without the assent of the future representative assemblies of the kingdom . * . " _.-. . , Alas ! this happy time did not last . The fear oi Napoleoji was but too soon replaced in the king ' s mind by tlie fear of the revolution . But of that in mv next .

      I have only one word to add . Whenever , in English democratic meetings , the " patriots of all countries" are toasted , Andreas Hofer is sure to be amongst thenu Now , after what I have said on the enemies of Napoi _^ on in Germany , is Hofer ' s name worthy to be cheered by democrats ? Hofer was a stupid , ignorant , bigotted , fanatieal peasant , whose enthusiasm was that of La Vendee , that of " Church and Emperor . " He , fought bravely—but so did the Vendeans against the Republicans . He fought for the paternal despotism of Vienna and Rome . Democrats of England , for . tbe _^ eake ; of the ; honour of'the German people ,

      leave that bigot out of the question in future . Germany has better patriots than him . Why not mention Thomas Mu . nzek _, the glorious chief of the peasantry insurrection of 1545 , who was a real democrat , as far as possible , at that time ? Why not glorify George _FonsiEB , the German Thomas Paike , who supported the French Revolution in Paris up to the last ,, in opposition to all his countrymen , and died on the scaffold ? ; Why not a ho 6 t of Others , who fought for realities , and not for delusions ? I am dear Sir , yours respectfully , Your German Correspondent .

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      France. A Letter From Marseilles, Of The...

      FRANCE . A letter from Marseilles , of the 27 th , states that the _Herculimeura has _disembarked in that city 3 i individuals . implicated in the last troubles in Romagna . The whole number that had arrived there was , the letter states , 96 .

      SPAIN . The following is from the correspondent of the Times : — Madiud , Oct . 26 . —I mentioned some time since the probability there was , tliat at the approach of the elections , municipal and for the Cortes , more than one conspiracy would be discovered by some very sharp-sighted Political Chiefs , or a few acute Captains-General . My anticipations have been in part realised . The Captain-General of Valencia ( Roncali ) has , it seems , discovered a formidable conspiracy in that city ; and has . commenced by arresting a few dozen unhappy Progresistas . It is a curious coincidence that these were persons who , it is supposed , would have taken a leading part in the elections .

      The coincidence must , ot course , have been accidental ; but it is fortunate , nevertheless , as it re . moves a number of troublesome persons . Two persons were discharged , and are now at liberty , * the others still remain in close custody , and are even not allowed to communicate with any one , notwithstanding that after the declarations being taken in the usual way , and the evidence against them examined , the Judge of First Instance presented himself to the Political Chief , and informed that zealous functionary tbat the charge of conspiracy should not be followed up , as there was no _procf against the prisoners , and that consequently he ( the Political Chief ) was responsible for their detention .

      Bakceloxa , Oct . 21 . —The news from thc mountain districts is of an alarming character . I am creditably informed that man _^ of the "Alcaldes " ( local magistrates ) of the principal towns have made official reports of their inability to carry into effect the orders of Government for carrying out the eonscript system , and tbe levying of tlie new -contributions . The young men are reported to be again abandoning the towns , and are flying to the mountains . The second in command , General Folgosio , whom I mentioned in my last , went yesterday te Mataro , returned this morning , and immediately after his arrival the Captain-General , General

      Breton , ordered a strong column to be organised ,-consisting of 2 , 000 infantry , a squadron of cavalry , and six pieces of li _^ ht mountain _artillery , and he himself , accompanied by his staff , set out with this column for the mountain- district . The departure of the Captain-General at such a critical juncture from the capital has increased ten-fold the excited state of the public mind , and everybody says that it must "be very serious indications in the mountain districts that could have induced him , at thismoment , to leave Barcelona ,. and weaken so considerably the garrison here . Several families are , it is said , preparing to leave the city , not thinking themselves secure from outbreaks with so small a garrison as scarcely 4 , 000 iren , to which it is now reduced .

      GERMANY . The Religious Movements . —The Steele publishes a letter from Berlin of the 25 th of October which asserts that " The Prussian Government is about to direct against the new Catholic schism the measures enforced against the 'friends of Protestant reform . ' Not only is it certain that the Abbe Ronge will be handed over tp the superior tribunal of Breslaw , but it is known that the presumptive heir to the throne is actively engaged in arresting the development of the doctrines taught by the German Catholics , 11 is expected that this maybe accomplished by means ol the censorship on the press ; but it is not probable

      that the Government will succeed . As yet , at least , the followers of the new Catholic church appear not to doubt of their , right , and proceed with an air oi assurance . On the 23 rd the deputies from the German Catholic communes of the provinces of Saxony , of Brandenburg , and of Pomerania , who were deputed to the synod of Berlin , held a preparatory meeting . Nineteen communes were represented -viz . Berlin , Potsdam , Spandau , Brandenburg , Hauen , Halle , Rugpin , _Genetien , Stettin , Frankforton-the-Oderi-Stolpe , Cottbus , Neurugpin , _Mersebourg , Salzvedel , and Mulhausen . The deputies are twenty-seven in number , of whom _fiye are clergymen .

      France. A Letter From Marseilles, Of The...

      fhe ceieinonml , . of ! . the . mostisimple ; character , (; havr ing been arranged , at .. the _preparatoryrineeting _^ t l . e " opening of the synod . took-place ; at nine o ' clock on the morning of the 24 th .. The parish priest ( Brauuei _*) pronounced . the opening ; discourse . The orator applied ., himself to , the . examination of whethor our period was prepared for . a religious rcforai . He . declared in the affirmative . ' The aspiration for a better religious form has been awakened in us , ' said the orator , ' and we have assembled here in order that this tendency should bear its fruits . The reform has been represented as an : ephemeral idea , produced

      inthe braiiisnf some young people , but . there are too manygrey hairs to . be . seen in this assembly , for any one to doubt , that reform is a serious and well considered movement . ! . M . Brauner terminated his discourse by inviting-, alt his . colleagues to inculcate the principles of concord and moderation . After a few words from M . Galle _,-the president indicated the order ; : in , . which the debates : should proceed . The statutes of the . synods of . Leipsic and Breslau were adopted as . the base of the synod of : Berlin . -. The debate was grave , aiid all accounts agree in stating that the assembly _prpved itself to be penetrated with the importance of its mission . ?' - ' .

      .. _' .. . ; . _* : . ' - italy . " . _- . v - _-. Th _^/ Augshtrg Gazette of 'the 28 th , ult , .. contains letter _^ frpm . 'Rbme ofthe 18 tli , ' _, which kate _^ tl iat the revolutionary' party in _*^ It aly , has riot ; by .. ariY . ' m _ earis abandoned its schemes , although the , _recent fatlfire at _'B . _iniim , bad ' _iri some degree _discomfittecl' tliem ' . ' . On the 12 th ' an armed' vessel appeared , late in the evening , at'tht mouth of the river Trontd , in the Adriatic , which is the boundary between the Papal and Neapolitan states , and came so close to the shore that the

      crew could be distinctly seen on deck . The persons on board _appear to have _exported to find partizans on shore , for tliey fired two guns as a signal . No answer was , however , returned ; and after lying to till near morning took its departure without having had any communication with the shore . The vessel was supposed to have come from Corfu .. Troops had been sent from Ascoli to prevent future attempts to disembark in the same quarter . Letters from Rome , of the 21 st , given report that another attempt was made to land below the port otFemib , near St . Benedetto , by two powerfully armed vessels .

      _ALGERIA . . The Paris _Moniteur of . Monday contains a series ol despatches from the French Generals commanding in Algeria , Fiom these despatches it appears that the indomitable Emir was as active , energetic , and ubiquitous as at any former period of his career . With a . formidable body of swift oavalry he is able to set at defiance tlie regular troops opposed to him , and to raise the population in nearly every direction , contriving when menaced by a superior force of the French to effect , in every instance , a safe and brilliant retreat . Thus , Abd-el-Kader is truly represented in the despatches ofthe French officers as flying before them , while in reality his great object is gained by causing to them immense _^ loss , not merely by the yatagan ( and he Iievcr declines an . engagement T . licu _uofc uiiinumbered ) , but by disease . -

      . A letter from Paris says , "It is impossible to withhold admiration from tliis chivalrous Arab . Neither would it be possible to withhold sympathy from the brave troops opposed to him , who perish by hundreds of disease , were their course not marked by a degree of ferocity that should not characterize the soldiers of a civilised nation . General Lamoriciere appears , by his despatch , to wait instructions . He had . carried war and death into the revolted tribes , but had not yet been able to inflict upon the Emir himself

      any serious injury . The Semaphore of Marseilles publishes the following fresh details of thc campaign of General Lamoriciere in the mountains of the Travas , communicated by an eye witness : — " Thc troops in pursuit of Abd-cl-Kader proceeded with extreme activity towards the mountainous defiles in which the indefatigable Emir was encamped ; but as soon as the latter was informed that tbe French troops were approaching , he retreated , and left the tribes , whose iaiiaticism he had excited ,

      _tithe mercy of our soldiers . We advanced under the excitement produced by the butchery of Djemma Ghazaout , and of the lamentable event of Ain Temeucheu . During our bivouac , or when * we halted , we constantly referred to those events , determined to take such a satisfaction as would long be remembered' by the Arabs . The army reached a mass of Arabs , who , surprised in a ravine and struck with terror , made signs that they would surrender ; but our _' soldiers charged tliem , and 300 dead bodies speedily filled the ravine . "

      And yet the writer has just referred to the lamentable event of Ain Temoucheu , where 200 French soldiers surrendered to the Arabs , and of whom not ft man was even insulted . " The report of this first and necessary chastisement caused the presumption of the Arabs to give place to fear . Having afterwards arrived at the small town of Nedroma , of which the inhabitants considered they were doomed to destruction , the chiefs appeared on the feeble ramparts of their town and raised the cry of Aman . The General entered into communication with them , when they declared that the Emir had taken advantage of tlieir inability

      to resist , and had compelled them to furnish him with recruits . General Lamoriciere , who was preparing to carry the town by assault , suffered himself te be persuaded , and Nedroma was spared . On the 13 th a serious battle was fought , and the results are already known . We quitted Nedroma at nine o ' clock in the morning , and we shortly afterwards observed , posted on two small hills , 2 , 000 Kabyles , who appeared disposed to resist vigorously , relying on the strength of tlieir position . Our advanced guard charged under a ghowcr of _musket-balls from the Kabyles . Having reached the summit , there was a determined engagement fought hand to hand . In the meantime Colonel M'M . ilinn arrived at the

      scene 01 action with two battalions of the 4 lst regiment , and one of Zouaves , and the enemy ' s position was carried . The Arabs lost 400 of their party . This brilliant affair cost us thc loss of Colonel Monier , of the 41 st . M . Carondelet , the Major of the same regiment , was severely wounded , a ball having struck his head . The remainder of our loss amounted to eight men killed and fifteen wounded . The column subsequently marched to Djemma Ghazaout , and on the 17 th General Lamoriciere marched towards Tlemceu , whence he intended to proceed to Bel-Ales , in order to effect a junction with the troops under the command of Marshal Bugeaud . "

      <34.0 .Y^^ «*^ .^Ar*'' ;^

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      Vol. Viii, No. 4i7. London, ^Msm : ,'Mw^...

      vol . viii , no . 4 i 7 _. london , _^ _msm , _' _MW _^ _im _^ imr _^ _^ . _mSSS _& _SBE _& _S--i ' .. - . 1 . . _, ¦; .. _» ' _,..- _ ¦ _ _ .. ¦ . . •¦ _..- ' ... _J-.- _ S _ fe - jK _ , Jt _ . - c * W _?"_ _E-.-.-: ~ ¦ * - _^ - ' ¦ ' ¦

      Duncojiue Testimonial.—The Sub Committee...

      _Duncojiue Testimonial . —The sub committee , appointed in July last , in accordance with the instructions given by the central committee , having selected an elegantdesign , in which the spirit of British Liberty ia represented as rewarding her champion . Messrs . Garrod and Co ., of Panton-street , were selected as the makers . A deputation from the subcommittee called at the manufactory on Tuesday lasf , and saw the work in a forward state , and were informed that it would be complete immediately after Christinas . The presentation of this splendid ornament to Mr . Duncombe will take place as early afcer that period as possible , and a balance-sheet will bc published , and issued to the subscribers . Mystemous Disappearance op _Ladi _Akei-a

      _Villie-ks . —BRionios , Nov . C—Considerable excitement has been caused in this town by the sudden and mysterious disappearance of Lady Adela Corisanda Maria _Villiei-s , youngest daughter of the Earl of Jersey , who has been missing since yesterday afternoon . His lordship and family ave at present residing at East Lodge , Upper Rock Gardens . It appears that at five o clock yesterday afternoon her ladyship retired to her room , with the avowed intention of dressing for dinner j but as she did not make her appearance at table , inquiries _wera made , and she was not to be found in the house . On further investigation it was ascertained that her ladyship passed through the lodge gate , at a quarter-past nve o ' clock , with a small

      bundle in her hand , and turned down St . James ' _sstreet ; but nothing further could be learned of her . Inquiries have been made since at the railway station , but no person employed about it remember any person answering her ladyship ' s description going by either ofthe trains which left laBt night after five o ' clock . Every means has been resorted to to trace the fugitive , but hitherto without the slightest success . Lady Adela is only 17 years of age . ; _Bmouro . v , Nov . 7 . —We are informed that , on inquiry , the earl ' s family received intelligence that a lady answering the description ofthe fair fugitive was

      observed to leave by one of the railway trains for London , in the protection of a tall gentleman ; but at this point all trace has been lost , _MinwEii is Mayo . —About eight o ' clock on last Saturday night , as a man named Peter Gibbons was leaving Westport for his residence near Kilboyne , he was waylaid opposite the court-house here , and received a blow-of a loaded stick which broke his skull . He lived but two hours after receiving the blow . An inquest was held , when a verdict of wilful murder was returned against some person ittknown . Gibbons had some dispute with some persons at the List fair of Ballyhane , and they got him set on by his murderer . The ruffian lay near a wall until he saw his victim _.

      Duncojiue Testimonial.—The Sub Committee...

      TIIE POTATOE FAMINE . _^ .- _^^« - _^^ Con « rm « rf _*/» , sti _^ tc _* i _* athe ' r ; ii ' s _^ rchi . ig > _W _^» _ft-i _^! _„ r _tlicpotatoecrop'inVtliia & rpr _^ e . West ag _w ° f ¦ _YoVLhire ; . ahd _though" : tliat inqui _^ s at P _^ nt ncompletc ; wo lire _tifa % M _^ Ml _% _& _if \ y _£ Z proce «! ed _; it ;; l _^ _s-tp _^

      we _uaaanticipated , _iniuaiiy _piiu-e-., cv = " _-s-f _^* v _ _r- 'h ;~ sound laiitf _/ _'tmM _^^ tq ; _at'leastT 20 i _^ _ecice . nt . . of the *; whole , ! erop _, _' . anil , m sonie _lowland , damp -situations , 'to a much larger proportion . ' *' * We _' _aresstilKpursuing " bur'Tnqmnpt ana shall not-fiiiiX 6- _" _rprt _; _tlietf _resm _^& _"th _^| eantime _^ e _mafstate " ; that the _] irice df ? 8 bURiMJ 9 _^ _fti- _^ _we-ghoi' _^ i & l _^ market ' cohsidei * ablythis year _^ bn " a _"( _Mmpajisonvjvitn ' . the ] ast ; 'tbe * M _^^ this year is . 3 d ; "As u _* n indication nf tlie ' apprehen-Bion that isentertain ed ; that alrirgepart of the / winter stock of potatoes will hot keep till ' the ' _approaching spring , it may be mentioned that many _samplcsjare _olFe ' rAcl'ih tho I . _oprfa ' tri ' _ru-fciifc- _' _- _ntXM ' ni _> ;; 7 fl .-a wemh .

      which would last' _3 * ear liav 6 sold at lOd . oris ;—' Leeds iUercw _** / , ' ' : ' ' ¦ _** ¦ . ' - ""• • . ¦ _—¦ ¦ _¦ ' ¦ - _•*'; ''"• ¦ _ The Isle op _MAX _^ -Sev ' eral cargoes of potatoes , whicli have beeii shipped at the ; Lie of . Man for Liverpool , have , become " so much . _'diseased' that they are unsaleable , and , ' consequently , ' lost to _them esporters . ' ' ' "_ ' . " . ' , ' .. ; , " . '' , _" ' ; "' . * ¦) ; _Dunoee . —A Dundee vessel , laden with potatoes _,, took refuge in tUe ' Tync afew dins ago ; and . lies cargo , on examination , was found to be worthless , owing to the rot . The whole of the potatoes were thrown out , arid destroyed ; The Newcastle authorities have also condemned to destruction

      considerable qua ' ntites exposed for sale in the market ; "> Walks . —The Carnarvon Haraldi of Saturday last , in noticing the disease in the potatoe crop , siiys , "We sincerely : regret to state-that the most serious complaints have reached us from , the districts rover which we range , and our own _^ personal observations inthe various counties of ' NorthVWales fully-justify tne statements that have been sent us . " NoriiNOHAMSHinK ; --For' miles . ' round-Nottingham ,-not a single acre _hqs egcapgd the potatoe _dibtase , and the :. _in-piis . of _/_ i <_ me ;' po-. tu > _hg , * 'df " c | . { y . iand cannot be m ' ade ' _upe ' _of in any w . ayj _' or sold at any-pvice _^

      ¦ i ¦ : IRELAND ; Dublin . —Nov . 4 . —The Freeman s Journal of this day publishes accounts from the counties of Meath , _Kildare , Roscommon , _Sligo , Mayo , and Galway ,. all of a cheerless description , and quite unanimous in the opinion that the epidemic or distemper in the , potatoe crop is general in those districts . A letter from Mayo states that while Lord _Kiiniaineis forgiving his tenantry a year ' s rent , other iauiiiovds hi the neighbourhood of _Ballim-obe " are rigorously exacting their rents , not even granting ihe ei __ . t _.-in . _* i _* y delay for the advantage of improving markets , lest 1 he pi'Oiecilings of the authorities , or the generosity of gentlemen like Lord Kilmaine , should compel or shame them into humanity . " One ofthe most remarkable features in the provincial accounts . is , the exhibition of the disease in a new form iu the county of Cork . It is thus described by the Cork Reporter . _*—

      " One species of the tuber has a mere cutaneous attack , another is honey-combed , and another is full of ' dark-rings , one within the other . But we saw yesterday , for the first time , a . tuber in which neither of these indications could be traced , but which was still unsound and worthless . It was part of the crop of Mr . Delay , of this city , and _»*» _-. grown at _Ballyvolane . The external part -wasf wholly free from the infection . A shell was left white end pure , but the very heart was black and fetid , and it was only when it was- cut that tlie existence of the injury could be perceived . We had an opportunity of seeing how rapidly the infection completes the destruction ofthe

      root ; or rather , how quickly this peculiar kind ofrofc o . _evuui . 0- « vi _*_ _-tiw _^ _*« __ n <* . u . _* A _* _v _~ . i _qoolI . it . _ti . -vnotatoe-In the course of three or four hours , and even alter cutting away the black bad heart , the two divisions of . the root showed , signs of decomposition . They first assumed a sable circular tinge , the colour , by degrees ,, grew , deep , at the end ofthe time we state , the . rot had made decided progress , and , wiiilewe write , we are certaiu it has spread like a gangrene through the entire . Wc are really alarmed by this neiv phase of . the distemper .. If it be general , no calculation is safe . "

      '¦ A medical friend has forwarded us the following _, letter , on which he remarks _^ - * - ' The enclosed is from a source you may rely on . The glow-worm tribe lire not natives of this country , which makes thc matter the . more curious . ¦ -Possibly there may be an importation of a new tribe of insects , and the fact is well deserving of attention . Grange is ' within four miles of Balbriggau : '—- . , . ft Grange _. Nov . 2 , ISi 5 . " " I take this opportunity of letting you know something of the potatoe rot in this locality . The rot is universal , and I think is caused by a very small maggot . I went out last night , at eleven o ' clock ,, to the land , with a spade , and due potatoes

      in several places , and , to my great surprise , I found the clay spangled with sparks of fire , very brilliant , and about the size of the head of a small pin ; I found it , on bringing it to the light , to be an exceedingly small white worm , with several legs , in fact , a sort of glow-worm . Itwas attached , in many _cases » to the potatoe . I found it in great numbers , in all kinds of land , I mean grass land , dec , but not in land freshly limed . I found italso in potatoes which I bad housed-in the evening , whicli were , damp , but not in any that were quite dry , which I am not surprised at , as all died on my hand , and lost the glow as soon as they got dry . Kill those ( if you can } and . you put an end to the rot . "

      Landlords And Tenants.-Tyrants Turning T...

      LANDLORDS AND TENANTS .-TYRANTS TURNING TENANTS OUT . We are indebted to our excellent Mend , Patrick O ' fliggins , for the following Land Catechism , and we cannot avoid giving the concluding paragraph oi his letter . It is so intirely in unison nith our own opinions and feelings : — " Tyrant landlords , and base , cruel , aud brutal rack-renters , have reduced the people to this state . But God has blessed the land by cursing the potatoe * and blessed be God for this great boon . •' Patrick _O'IIigcia's . " Question . —Has a landlord the right to turn ar tenant out of his holding or farm ? Answer . —He has , when the land is let on fair and reasonable terms , and "the tenant neglects his farm , or does not pay . the rent . ~ Question . —Has the landlord the right to turn out the tenant without first paying him in full for all his outlay in building , reclaiming , manuring , enclosing , draining , & c . & 6 . ? ¦ ¦¦ ¦ -

      Answer . —No : the landlord has no such right . It would be robbing the tenant to take the land from him without first having paid him the liili value of these improvements , arid also compensation for the cost and loss incurred by removing to another place , even to a settlement in America , if he choose to go there . Because , when a tenant is deprived of his land , whether by the cupidity , whim , or tyranny oif his landlord , he has nothing to live on , and consequently becomes either a burthen to society , or he , his wife and children , die of want , which is too often the case ; and , therefore , thc landlord is to all intents and purposes guilty of causing the death of unoffending men . women , and children .

      Question . —When a tenant increases the value of the land ,-by reclaiming , building , enclosing , manuring , draining , & c , has the landlord a right to charge the tenant a higher rent on the expiration of the lease , in consequence of the increased value of the land by the labour bestowed upon it by thc tenant ? Answer . —No , most certainly not : because the increased value of the land was caused entirely and . exclusively by tlie labour , toil , care , skill , industry , and outlay of the tenant , and not by any act or thing done to the land by the landlord ; therefore , lie who charges-an increased rent robs the tenant of tiie reward of his labour . And it is written that such conduct cries to Heaven for vengeance !

      Question . —What would be said of the man who would give a rough block of mahogany to a Cabinetmaker to make a chest of drawers , and when he had made them , the owner of the block charged him for making them instead of paying him ? Answer—The owner ofthe block would be called a rogue , and the cabinet-maker could make him pay . Question . —What is the difi ' _crence between thc conduct of the landlord who charges an additional rent , mostly double the amount , to a tenant for rough land which he has reclaimed and made fair and fruitful , and the man _, who charged the cabinet-maker for making the drawers , instead bf paying him ? Answer . —The conduct of the landlord is worse by far than that of the owner of the block ; because the

      poor tenant cannot go to law with his landlord * , he must either submit to the fraud or be turned out and die . He cannot carry the land with him . It is stationary ; there it remains . The cabinet-maker can carry his trade and his tools with him anv where ; and can also keep the chest of drawers till lie is paid . Lanclords , kneel down , and pray to God to fillyour hearts with a sense of justice . Ask of Him to inspire . you with the . feeling and desire to "do unto others as you would be done by . " Bear in mind the late of the Hungarian tyrants , and how Moses slew the Egyptian oppressor and buried him in the sand ; Ask yourselves , on bended knees ,- how you would like to live-on ROTTEN-POTATOES for the next three months . ¦ _¦ ¦ : . ¦ .. _. .. . . . A Landlord wno loves Jcstice .

      Whales. —On Tuesday Last, 130 Whales Wer...

      Whales . —On Tuesday last , 130 whales were- caught at Sandwich parish , (_ -. et .-md ) , '' ahd were ' sold next day at excellent prices . _Anbthei- _'tot of 80 was * '* captured at Spriggi , in the parish of DuhroSsness ; on- ;; Thursd ay last , and on the following ; "d ay about lOO " ' _^ _> _vere slain at Bigtbwn . Severalthousarids ' aren _ow- _^ _- ' coursing round our sea-girt islands . ' * - _On-iktiirday : i _' night alatge body came in at ' the hbvthentry of- ' our . '•* harbour , but the water being too deep- ho _& ptm _* e _ v couldbe ' effected , —John Q ' GrwV 3 Journal ;• _" . n _.-jsa - - ¦ •"• _ . : - ¦; ' - -: _; . -:: _ ¦ _: >' ' _=.- -: . .- * ! v _- . v __? . n ..- ,.: - _c - _ic : ; . !•; _- . _; . ' . _'•• ' - '¦ ¦ - _•' - ; ¦ .:- ' -. . _ivllit ..: G '! i j ,: _M

      Cs I A K

      CS I K

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 8, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_08111845/page/1/