Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 8th January 1848, Edition 3 of 3, Page 1, THE FOLLOWING GRATIFYING RESOLUTION AND ...

Page 1
Page 1
1 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (1)
    • OawarJ, tK& w« «B4>!4r! Backward, ind we f«ll j The ?eopVs Charter and So Snjresfier '
  • Text (15)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      Oawarj, Tk& W« «B4≫!4r! Backward, Ind We F«Ll J The ?Eopvs Charter And So Snjresfier '

      _OawarJ , tK & w « « B _4 _>! 4 r ! _Backward , _ind we f « ll j The _? eopVs _Charter and So _Snjresfier '

      To The Old Guards Of Chartism. Old Guard...

      TO THE OLD _GUARDS OF CHARTISM . Old Guards — i . 1 always told you that we had but to stand like a tq _& in the midst of the ocean , allowing ihe breakers of faction to dash in foam around us , and that , in the long run , man s equality snd the rights of Labour would be the reward of our perseverance , resolution , and _cDurage . Who fears to talk of dungeons now ? "Who is ashamed of being consigned by tyrants to eighteen months of solitary confinement in a felon ' s dungeon in York Castlewhen he sees

      , the abundant crop that his persecution has _produced ? Not 13 I _t « m 3 d have suffered any amount of persecution that the little minds of Whig tyrants could invent , to have insured me that" New Year ' s Gift , " bestowed _^ pon us h y the Edinburgh Weekly Express , of Saturday last—and as I have ever told you that 1 desired no monopoly of patronage , " but , on the contrary , would rather see it wholesomely distributed amongst , those iournsls that advocate our whole principles , unmutilated and undefded , I have now to request a fair share of

      support for the Weekly Express , whose address 1 give you at foot . 1 am happy to learn that you , my Old Guards , sre foremost in your endeavours to have the National Petition for this year signed by at least five millions ; nor do I despair of seeing many Milesian names added to the long muster roll , because I believe , in my conscience , that those airy and metaphysical nothings , in search of which the Irish mind has been roaming for many years , must n « w be abandoned for the pursuit of substantial and practical measures ; and will it cot be cheering- to you and to me , tvhen we call our appeal to the Class Parliament , an Imperial , instead of a National , Petition ?

      I have often addressed you as the Imperial Chartists , because I was aware that when the people of the two countries had a mutual understanding , that they would see mutual _advantage in co-operation . The tyrant Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland has , as I predicted , opened all the blades of the shut knife with which his nurses entrusted the child—and , as I predicted also , those few districts which the minister told us were disturbed , have become the plague spots _, and have extended the infection to heretofore peaceable district s . While , upon the other hand , the Archbishop of Tuam , Dr _M'Hale , and the clergy of his diocese , have embodied in several . resolutions the very measures which I proposed to the Irish landlords , in my letters written from York Castle in 1841 .

      Is not this another proof of the value of perseverance ? While , to go further , this Saxon Lord-Lieutenant is compelled to send agricultural lecturers throughout the kingdom , believing , with us , that to the spade , and not to the sword , Ireland must owe her peace , and her up-start aristocracy their protection . Old Guards , be upon the watch-tower ; the times are pregnant with great coming events , and we , ay , we , of all the people of Europe 3 are alone prepared for the advent ; because we alone are prepared with a system of universal justice , as a substitute for that system of univ ersal tyranny by which the world has been governed . Thev never again can make Labour at home war against its own domestic

      rights , in order that domestic tyrants may reap the reward of Labour ' s folly . Two years ago—by my own single foresight , precaution , and instruction—I prevented the English militia from being embodied ; and now I tell you that before the winter passes over a demand will be made upon your purses—yea , perhaps , upon your persons—for the complete subjugation of Ireland . But in that I will pledge your loyalty to the death , that you will resist such an infliction from your loyalty to justice- rather than aid it by loyalty to a bauble that renders you no protection . Of course , both you and the Attorney-General will understand me to mean loyalty to the law , and Hot for a moment doubt my loyalty , or yours , to our lovely young Qjeen _, * and her lovelv independent babes .

      Here follows the address from the II eekly Express . Read it , and it will do your hearts good , as it has done mine . I remain , Your faithful and uncompromising friend , Feakgus O'Connor .

      To The Secretaries Of Trapes' Unions, &C...

      TO THE SECRETARIES OF TRAPES ' UNIONS , & c . We be ? to ancounce that it will afford ns much _pleasure in hating our _reporter in attendance at the meetings of the various trades of Edinburgh ; and for this purpose we b * _f to request that parties desirous of being _represented in the colmmns of the _Expke & s _, _mllbeldnd enough 10 hand in notices of tbeir meetings to the Publishing GSce , at So . 279 , High-street It is _jrratifrin _? to be enabled to state that the most _grateful support has _bten accorded to us since we announced our intention of continuing the _Esphess . The _uecessarr _preliminaries attendant on the transfer of the copyright , attended _tvith all the necessary legal technicalitieE _, has occupied so much of the time of tfceI _* roprietorF , as to interfere with the amount of Editorial and other original matter ; but as it ¦ was important that our

      Journal should not lose the market for one day , _tve have produced onr sheet , ' such as it is , with all its impsrfec . _ions on its head , promising that our next _numbir will exhibit traces of deep study in regard to First Princ ' _/ _J _fs , In contradistinction to the f revailiHg tone of tke Edim bureb _pre « , the _VeekltExmess takes its decided stand ' jpon the grand , the ennobling , and primary doctrine of the Political Equality of the People , irrespective of rank or station , and will boldly maintain the indefeasible right of _ewy man to the _pessession of the Elective Franchise , if untainted bvcr _' me , er incapacitated by lunacy ; and will , on thi _? first principle , admit of no expediency _fhift _whatever as a palliation of any infraction of its free right or exercise _; in _t-ne , the Weekly _Expsess will _strenuously _s-dvocatein all its entirety the embodiment of the _prini-: p _' . « of Political Equality and Justice , as set forth in ' The People ' s Charter .

      " _* Ve prcpost from week to week to deYOte a goodly portion of our space to the elucidation _oi the six points of the People ' s Charter . The Land Plan of Feargus O'Connor , E-q ., will receive due prominence ; aad we beg to ba put in communication with the various secretaries of ihe National Land _Company , in order to _exhibit aa account of the various meeringsin connexion with this great moral i . ational regenerator and elevator of the condition of the misses . The affairs of Ireland will not be overlooked ; _^ adas a _j . r . > of of the earnest of ourintentions on this head v _? e give notices of Repeal Meetings in Edinburgh and Glasgow ; and we greatly rely on * ur Irish friends to Lack ns out in demanding the total and unconditional repeal of the 'Union .

      We are proud in being able to state that we have secured the warm and hearty support ef some of the leading repealers of _Edinburgh , who have generously come _iaroard in our cause . The Chartists of Edinburgh are ¦ warm in . the tendering of their support ; and from the known influence of many friends o : popular rights , though not _connected with _tne Chartist body , we hope to _stcure an _enlarged number of subscribers . Having thus far delivered ourselves , we beg to wish all our friends , a 'Happy XtwTear . ' We trust that the year I MS will do much _r _cr the advance of popular rights ; and with the known - ' _ndomitable enenrv of « ur Champion , Feargus O'Connor , and his compatriots inside the House of Commons , r ,= ek « _dHii by our parent the ' Northern Star , ' we hope : o be _instrumental in our own little way in advancing ± e -reat cause of Uwrfin progress . The Psople ' s _Char-:= r and Xo Surrender' is oar polar star .

      In Order To Show The Accuracy With Which...

      In order to show the accuracy with which ihe newspapers publish all matters connected with Irish measures , weeivethe followimrtwo notices of motion -riven bv Mr Feargus O'Connor _, of which the daily papers have given such a g arbled account ; the Times stating that Mr O'Connor had merely given notice of his intention to move for " the establishment ot district _reiriStration C ourts and the appointment of six equity _judges , while every one of those papers receive the votes of the House , winch contain the two following notices , as well as

      U others , in full . ¦ _- - - _Feaw OVo . vKoa .-Bil ! for establishment of district It * _-ictration Courts , in Ireland , for me registration oi !< _-a _= _ts , _cor-tractf , and other documents between Land-I-rd aii'l _Tc- 'iai . _ts : — - \ Uo , lor the appointment ol mx £ q jitv _Judges _irvis ' . r . _einbtrs of the Irish Ear , of not 1 _l- _» s limn _fjurtri-uveais' staiidinp . such appointment to be ~ _iaJe bv the Lor-1 Lieute » . -. » t , by and with the cui . ifii ! of lbc Lv _> v Officers of the Crown in Ireland , the datv of ••• jch _Jatires tote to hold Courts in _convenient places on their _several circuits for hearing and dettr-J :: in : nz all matters in disput _between t _:-n llord ai . d Tenant , _- rA whose _jtrJiriuent . 'hall in all such cafes be : i : i : ii : " —Alto , _z-j take away the power of distress in all e : _!** s when .- ' a lease b _^ s not been _granted , _,-iiidiu _cateS where a lease lias been granted for a term to be _spedt : ed , torenicr the process of' _-jectment more immediate . -. Dd ] e' _* _fMienfive .

      _k _FEiRGus _' _O'C ' _.-ssoa Bill to alter the Kate-paying Clauses in the Ir . _* h Poor Law Act , with the view of « _taMssfcirjjT a _zrxduute-1 scale fur the _rutius ; _off-Tv-P _^ itY , wher cbv in a !; easts where landlords do cot r * - tiie in Ireland _iorasvo _ccnsecativenioutfcein _theyfA _" ,

      In Order To Show The Accuracy With Which...

      the whole amount or the rates payable upen the pro . perry of * uch landlords snail be paid by such absentee landlords , _otffpaid bj the tenants of such landlords shall be deducted Rnd allowed out of the rent _, and in cases _whers tenants do not hold immediately of the own « r of tnelana ,. orwh ? re tbey hold without lease ? , such tenant * shall be exempt from the payment of Poor Katss .

      Bisrobalot Reodefle, For Cows—From Novem...

      _BISrOBALOT _rEODEflE , For cows—from _November to March , two tone of _potatoes , or nearly one and a half Btone escb , per day . For family—one and a half tons of potatoes , or ahont _Sibi . per day . For BiE fatting pigs—from November to March , eight tons of potatoes , or nearly two stone each , per iay . For « ale—S | ton « of potatoes . Do . Milk of two cow _« Do . 100 itoncs of wheat . Do , Produce of one-fourth of an acre of flax , pounded , icutcbed _, hackled , and _epuby the family , during the winter . Do . Four baconpigs in March . MilCSSOF r & osvcE , P ea Hilk of two cows , ateightquartsa-day each , sixteen quarts , at 1 \ per quart 36 10 0 Four bacon pigs in March ... 20 0 0 100 stones of wheat , at ii . 6 d . per stone 7 10 0 Three and a half tens of potatoes , at « _d . a stone ... ... 14 0 0 Price of quarter of an acre of flax , ipun ... ... ... 12 18 0 Fruit and vegetables ... ... 5 0 0 £ 9 S 10 0

      _TS _. O'D'CCE _XI & E _1 VED SO * _TiMlLY ' s _COniTJHpnoN . Two bacoa pigs , three Produce of eix ducks . cwt . each . Fruit and vegetables . 1 J tons of potatoes . Two hives of honey . 100 stone efvfheat . ANNUAL _ALLOWAKCf _EEDCCED TO WEIKLlf C 0 _NEBMPTION . H pounds of bacon . 20 dock eggs . 1 J stones of flour . 2 pounds of honey . i \ stone ef potatoes . Fruit and vegetables . _AKHCAL _EXPrNLITDBE , £ . f . d . Rent , rates and taxes ... ... 13 10 e Two tons of best hay for cows , from Dec . to March ... ... ... 8 8 0 Clothing man , wife , and three children 15 6 0 Fuel , soap and candles ... 8 0 0 Repairing Implements ... 10 0 Sixpigs inMay ... ... 6 8 0 £ 51 10 0 From price of _prodncs ... £ 95 10 0 _Didact expenditure ... ... 51 10 0

      And there remains £ U 0 0 per annum , after consumption , _andthebest of good living . I will now estimate at a low rate the value of the allowances for weekly living : — £ . s . d . U lbs . of bacan , tha best , at 6 d . per lb . 0 7 0 I | stone of flour , at 2 s . 6 d . ... 0 3 9 4 _^ s tone of potatoes , at 6 d . per stone 0 2 3 20 duck eggs ... ... 0 1 C 2 lbs . of honey ... ... 0 1 G Fruit and vegetables ... ... 0 10 £ 0 17 0

      This does not incluie rent , fue ., soap , candles and clothing . llirLOTMEKT OF TIME . Planting acre of potatoes ... 24 days _Diggmedo . .. 21 „ Dibblin _? wheat with family ... 8 „ Reaping do .... ... ... + Jf Thrashing de : ... ... 13 „ Putting out manure ... ... 2 ,, Gleaning wheat and taking to market 2 „ Preparing ground and sowing flir lo „ Engaged on acre not under wheat or pota _. toes , but producing flax , and mangel _, wurzel , cabbages , taras and turnips , and in kitchen garden ... 70 ,, Total number of days employed 157

      _Now , fathers and mothers of England , when your children are crying for bread , while you are willing to labour but cannot secure employment , read the above table , see the weekly allowance that your own free labour would furnish , the necessariep it would procure , and the surplus it would leave , from less than half a year ' s labeur , and then read the rubbish of the press-gang with what appetite you may _. When these drivellers give me figures on agricultural questions to grapple with , I silence

      their batteries at once . Poor Chambers has never heen able to get over the mirror in which I showed him himself ; and so it is with the whole fraternity . But , indeed , so fashionable , or rather so necessary , is the _knowledge of agriculture becoming , that even the Times treats us with a " hash up " of the father who told his sons that he had buried a crock of gold in one of his fields ; the moral of which is , that each worked so hard in searching for the crock of gold , that all found a fortune in the improved condition of their land .

      I quite agree with the writer in the Farmers ' Gazette , that I am very much under the mark in my estimated produce and profit ; but I have always told you that I dealt in the rudest description of culture , and much understated the probable amount of produce , and for this Simple—and to my mind—justifiable reason , because in your artificial state your ignorance of agriculture rendered it necessary that you should commence your educntion with the A . B . C . And what I assert is , and I am willing to hazard a large _wager and my reputation upon it , that an industrious man and his family would live as I have described , every day in the year , and realise—after consumption , and every other expenditure necessary for the Comfortable maintenance of a free

      labourerover One Hundred Pounds annuall y _, offThree Acres of ground ; and to this I will add , that from the first year to the seventh he will increase the value of his allotment by a pound a year and more , which I have always called iris Savings Bank ; and that _seven pounds a year , on landed security , would be worth thirty years ' purchase , or 210 / . ; thus adding 30 / . a year more to his annual profit , over and above the stipulated 100 / . And was I not afraid of pushing you into Syntax before I had taught you Grammar , 1 would not stop even there , because 1 haven't allowed a fraction for labour during the winter months , when men and their

      families may be healthfully , profitably , and cheerfully employed at remunerative labour . Ji _& w suppose that a man , his wife , and two chil & ien can earn sixpence a day each , during the nMmths of November , December * January , and _^ February , WHEN THR LAND _SHOULD BE PUT TO BED , and never touched—that would amount to 12 ? . for the four months , at even the pitiful fi gure I have put dewn , but it would pay the rent of House and Land , and leave the whole produce for consumption ; a much better position for a labouring man to be placed in , if he made not a farthing profit , than , as now , subjected to the caprice of the Free Trade Employer , or the tender mercies of a Poor Law Guardian , or the clemency of a Master of a Bastile .

      Now that our Company is closed I can have no possible interest in recruiting for a fresh levy of dupes , while I beg to remind Mr Field and the AWKWARD SQUAD , that they will have no difficulty whatever in disposing- profitably of their shares in the Company , as _the-e will be tea purchasers for every seller . And let me once again remind you of the security possessed by shareholders , in the several stages of operation . Firsf _/ _yii—The raemher-who has paid up will have no difficulty in finding a purchaser , who , before the ballot , will gladly pay principal and interest ; while the member who receives his allotment , and shall be dissatisfied with his

      new position , will receive , without difficulty , a bonus of 60 _f . for Two Acres , 90 / . for Three Acres , and 120 / . for Four Acres , which is below the present market price , some having refused 200 _J . for a Four Acre Allotment ; and exactly in the same proportion in which the Plan is developed , will the market price of allotments rise . I think it was W . C . Chambers , or the honest

      Somerville _, or some Free Trade rapscallion , who wrote about the impossibility of a manufacturing operative standing the back-breaking work of digging . " Oh ! they couldn ' t do it at all , " as if nature had made them all weavers , and art had converted them into agriculturists . Well , " every dog will have his day , " and 1 had mine last Wednesday . I was at Lowbands , and I saw those broken-backed fellows looking very healthy , and no man could boast of a finer lot

      of children , or a more dutiful and thankful lot of children ; and I said to one—an Irishman , his name is Addison— " Well , Addison , how did yon get over the back-break ? " " Well , really , " he replied , " forthe first week I thought [ should give it up ; but my word now , I can work the longest day , and never feel it : and I'll be bound to say that there are men upon this estate that never handled a spade before August , that will work with the best agricultural labourers in the parish . " Now you may be sure that this was very gratifying to me—and the result of a three hours ' conference with the occupants IN THEIR OWN SCHOOL HOUSE WAS THIS—That

      I am going to plant a double row of pear-trees on each side of every road in front of every cottage , and that I am going to sow French furze seed around every allotment , and which from November till April will furnish the very best food for cows and horses , when bruised , a process in which I will instruct them , and which will be learned by all in an hour . Now , then , my children , don ' t you all wish that you had their complaint , notwithstanding

      the sympathy , the solicitude , and care expressed for you by the conductors of those Journals who look upon you as mere machines in the hands of the . advertising community ; as slaves to coin your sweat into gold for middle class tyrants , who estimate your value according to the profit they can extract from your labour . I remain , your fond , _^ Your affect ionate , and faithful Father , Feakgus O'Conxob . Minster Lovel .

      - ¦ ¦ ¦ '.- - ¦ .< ¦ . /¦ .- ¦ • ,-I. .....

      - ¦ ¦ _¦ ' _.- - ¦ _. < ¦ . /¦ .- ¦ ,-i _. ... ? _... ., r _; f . •' - ' ' ¦ - _?<" -f rf - * / £ ' ¦ _¦* _S- " '• ¦ - ¦ " * 2 /'/' - ¦ ' ' ¦ "t ... - ¦• - _^ ' " <;; - ¦ ' ' ¦ ' ; ¦ '¦ ' ¦ ' ' * » "'* - _> ' ¦ ' _¦ '"' * _*' " > . _^ ' : * .- ¦ ¦ . _' _, _-. • ' •; . ¦ _£ < - " ' " - ¦ _' _ss *> _. ' . ¦ : " . J - ¦ _- _» _•' . _•• • - ¦•'; ' . . ' ... . , ,. •* .- ' • ' -i- ••'¦ ' " i t ¦ r . ' , " . _ft-f _.-. _f : ¦ / _..- _*"•' ¦ ..:.. — _-r- . / _£ {¦ - ,: J-J jy € - _£ " ? _t ' - ' _? _' * ¦> ' ¦ ¦ _' - ' ¦ " ' ' _" V" . ¦ ¦ ,- _/ ' ¦ " " ; _>¦¦ .. ••' ¦ * ¦ _' "

      /£{¦ - ,: J-J Jy€-£"?T' - ' *''- ' ' '" ...

      AWT ) WATTHM 4 T _TlfAfWQ _* TAfH _> M / 4 T , VOL . XL No 533- _LONDON , SATURDAY , _jSuARf 8 , MiR _wiraiMnSSr _^ — * V- * _"" _JLV 3 _JU , Five e & _KHMg * aad _aixpence per _Quarier

      I'M |_ N M^M To The Members Of The Land ...

      I ' m |_ n m _^ _M TO THE MEMBERS OF THE LAND COMPANY . My Dear Children , My mind was so thoroughl y occupied last week with reflections upon the probable result of the Coercion Bill , and the villanous treachery of those Irish members who allowed it to pass , that I had not time , nor mind if I had had time , nor inclination , to wish you a happy New Year when the " New Year ' s " Gift" to my unfortunate country was a treacherous , cruel delusion ; and , as I anticipated , the Saxon despot has early availed himself of the powers conferred upon him . I shall confine my present observations to matters connected with the Land Company .

      That Company , as far as the National Land and Labour Bank is concerned , is now closed —that is _> no aid can be administered to any other company from the funds of the National Land and Labour Bank ; but so fully impressed am I with the indispensable necessity for marshalling a great practical mind to meet coming events , that I shall aid other parties , by all the means in my power , in carrying out any feasible p lan for locating the working classes of this country upon the soil ; while , in the next number of the "Labourer" I shall

      develope a plan for the establishment of another company . When I speak of preparing the mind for coming events , by that I mean , that the people should not again be entrapped by any mere theoretical scheme , such as Emancipation and Reform ; but that the whole mind of the country—yea , of the universeshould now demand Labour ' s share in any change that _tskes place . And every sentence that I have written upon this subject for the last sixteen years has now become a household phrase . As I have promised an elaborate _explanation of the prospects of the Company in the next number of the Labourer , 1 shall confine mv observations now to matters connected

      with our present position . On the 11 th of September I got possession of this farm of three hundred acres , of which fully from sixteen to eighteen " pressed hardly upon the means of subsistence , " being under stone walls and broad fences , while not one acre of it was cultivated to a tenth part of its capability ; and here , in the depth of winter , I have all but completed eighty cottages , a quantity of road-making , and have ploughed the whole once , and a large portion a second time , and shall have shortly completed the draining of a portion of the * ground that required it ; making this farm—that was before a wilderness—an object of admiration to every

      passer by . And on Friday next I start with my troop of forty horses to erect ninety houses upon the Snig ' s End Estate , within six miles of Gloucester ; and every one of which , together with roads , ploughing ? , & c , I shall have completed before the 1 st of April . I wish that those "Bosthoons , " as we call fellows without brains in Ireland—I mean those little hired editors and scribes who have the insolence and the folly to write about the Land Plan , could see a feudal lord ' s game farm tucked in with seven yard fences for the preservation of game , and without a single inch of road to it , or perhaps a well upon it—and see the same farm after I had converted those vermin covers into labour fields , and placed a pump in every man ' s back kitchen .

      These miserable prostitutes—that would n t know a turnip from a potato—would lead you to suppose that the process of converting a wilderness into a paradise , merely consisted of sticking a hovel every here and there upon the land ; while the unprejudiced , who see a farm in the state in which I got it , and in the state to which I bring it , can scarcely bring themselves to believe in its identity . I have already made an amount of the very best manure upon this farm that astonishes the neighbours ; more , in fact , than it has

      received , or any other farm of its size has received , within the last ten years , and I shall have forty oxen making more manurehere until the day the occupants are located , as my plan is not to sell anything off the farm that can be profitably manufactured upon the farm . And now , as the time has arrived , as I predicted it would arrive , that it would be more fashionable to talk of a minister of dung than of a minister of allspice and nutmegs , I will give you a practical illustration of this portion of mv theory .

      On the 11 th of September I purchased eighteen pigs at the auction of a farmer ' s stock . They cost me about 25 / ., and , to the _threat horror of the farmers in the neighbourhood , I fed them ever since upon barley meal , —the barley grown upon the land . They have _eeterfshort of thirty quarters—which—* At £ 1 I 8 _s . a quarter—makes j _£ _15 Cost of pigs 25

      _Makes _£ T 0 I sold them vesterdav and they will make about 110 / - ; that is 40 / . profit , or nearly double the market price of the barley after the expense of delivering it , and leaving us several tons of the very best descrip tion of manure . So that by the time the occupants take possession of their allotments here , I expect to have a dunghill of nearly forty tons of the very

      best description of dung upon every four acre allotment , thirty upon every three acre allotment , twenty upon every two acre allotment ; and guano ahd bone dust in r like proportion , where those manures are best suited to the land . And , besides converting all that was grown upon the farm into money and manure , 1 shall make a considerable profit upon tbe oxen fed upon the produce .

      ' Now this is too filthy a branch of my plan for the perfumed prostitutes who write about ] it to understand , so that I think that poor \ Sidney Smith and poor Field may knock their ; heads together before anything so rich as a I spoonful of pig ' s dung could come out of them . ¦ ; These unmitigated asses put down 100 / . for ! a house , and nothing for ploughing , draining , SOwillg . planting , horse-power , manure purchased , ( such as guano ) seed , labour , and other such little items , to them unknown .

      When I have finished Snig ' s End I shall have nearly completed the operations upon another farm ' of two hundred and eighty acres , which I p urchased this day week and of which I can have immediate possession . It is within six miles of Kidderminster , six of Dudley , three of Bromsgrove , and twelve of Birmingham , and i « in the centre of a proximate population of nearlu half a million of souls ; « nd don't you think a fat pig or a cabbage will sell there ? L 5 i u ...... „„ , _i Mr I » r pp . _siient Saturday and _'Allsop and Mr Price spent Saturday and

      Mr Su _« dav last with me-the one is our broker the other " is mv manager . They are both better _asrriculturi _^ than anv of the press scribbler * , and thev declared themselves iw . t only astonished but thunderstruck . Mr V _™> f ° _™* never seen the operations before , admitted that all the account * he had seenin the Star were _: immeasurably below the reality , and was it not tor the purpose of reserving a considerable portion of interesting matter for the next number ot the " l abourer' * I should give the press-gang a nut that they wouldnt crack in a hurry .

      I'M |_ N M^M To The Members Of The Land ...

      Whilst political economists are knocking their heads against a subject of which _' they are hopelessl y and helplessly ignorant , it ! is refreshing to find my assertions more than corroborated by a journal exclusively devoted to agriculture . The Farmer ' s Gazette _ofSaturday last , in answer to a correspondent , who requested an opinion of realising the profits stated in my letter , as to " What may he done with three acres of land" says , — A subscriber has requested our opinion _« n the po * sibility of raising such an amount of produce as that stated in the above important document . Our opinion is , that such is quite possible-nay , we eould go further , if needs De . If anyone doubt our assertion , let him read Mr Quin _' o evidence before the Land Commission , and judge for himself .

      Now , to refresh your minds , I will place before you the table of produce , consumption , and profit , that I calculated upon in that letter , and I have shown that from 157 days' employment , a man will put into his pocket 44 / ., after allowing him 51 / . 10 s . for rent , rates , and taxes , two tons of hay , ( which i allow him to buy ) clothing his famil y , fuel , 6 oap , and candles , repairing im > plements , and prime cost of pigs . But rb I hold this question to be of paramount importance , I cannot do better than reprint the account from my original letter . Here it is , then : —

      DISPOSITION or TERES ACBIS . A . B . Potatoes .. ... .. 18 " Wheat ... ... ... 1 0 Cropped with _eibbflge _* _. mangel-wurzel , turnip * , tares , clover , and flax ... 0 3 $ Kitchen . garden ... ... ... 0 4

      3 0 Produce ot acre of pettitoes ... 15 torn . wheat ... 500 _stonBH For growing stuff for cows .. ... 2 _^ roods . For flax ... ... .. 1 rood . For kitchen-garden ... ... $ a rood

      The Following Gratifying Resolution And ...

      THE FOLLOWING GRATIFYING RESOLUTION AND LETTER HAS BEEN RECEIVED BY MR . O'CONNOR FROM HIS COUNTRYMEN . TO FEARGUS O CONNOR , Esq . M . P . Grattan Club Rooms , 29 . North Cumberland-street , Dublin , Dec . 30 th , 1847 . Sir , —We , tho members of the Grattan Confederate Club , cannot allow another session of the Imperial Parliament to commence without tendering to you our warmest thanks for the bold , the uncompromising stand made hy you

      in the House of Commons during the late session , in defence of the few remaining liberties which this unhappy country has been suffered to enjoy , and for the able and dignified manner in which you asserted the rig ht of your native land to the restoration of her ancient and honoured constitution . We feel that it is imperative on us , and on every Irishman who can appreciate disinter _, ested devotion to this country , to express his admiration of the course pursued by you , as well in opposition'to the Coercion Bill , as in bringing forward the Repeal Question at so early a period of the session .

      Though we have long since arrived at the conclusion that the House of Commons is not the p lace where that question can be best discussed , yet we hesitate not to convey to you the expression of our thanks for your advocacy of Ireland ' s right to self-government in that assembly , and still more for the lofty position on which your advocacy of that right _jwjis founded . We are fully sensible that a man ought not

      to be thanked for not being a traitor to his country ; but must confess your country had little claim on your devotion to her . Driven , as you were , from her shores , and forced into exile , it would not be a matter of astonishment if you were found in the ranks of her enemies —like Coriolanus , lighting against her—instead of taking up the foremost and boldest position , defending her against her deadliest foe .

      We thank you . As Irishmen , we feel ' proud of you as our countryman . We point to you as a patriot in these days of treachery and corrvption , upon whose pledges reliance can be placed- _AVehave the fullest confidence that neither ministerial frowns nor blandishments will have any influence upon you . And , al though we doubt the competency of a small but faithful band of Irishmen to accomplish in the English . Parliament any real good for Ireland , we are fully convinced that through such men as O'Brien and ' O'Connor dishonour will never come upon their country and ours .

      Wishing yon many happy returns of this joyous season , we beg to subscribe ourselves , _ Your u '; irm-he . 'trte ( l countrymen , Tho Members of the Grattan Club . James Condk . v , Chairman . Fatkick John Barry , Sec .

      Gbeekwich And Deptfobb.-—At The Usual We...

      Gbeekwich and _Deptfobb _.- —At the usual weekly meeting of the Chartist _Association , held at Mr Morgan ' s , 30 , Butcher-ro w ; Mr Floyd jn the chair , Mr _Sweetloveprrdiiceil six potatoes weighing above five pound ? , from Mr Henry Tanner ' s allotment at Lew > inds _, brought up by Mr Munroe , who described the _estate as one of the loveliest spots he over saw in his life . Tho discussion introduced by Mr Hows , was adjourned to next Sunday night . The council are requested to meet early to arrange matters for a public meeting .

      The Fraternal Democrats. The Usnal Month...

      THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS . The _usnal monthly meeting of this society _taok place on Monday evening ; last , at the German Hall , Drury-lane . Thomas Clark , of the Chartist Executive , was called to the chair . The _^ _Chaibkak having opened the proceedings with some excellent remarks on the progress of democratic principles at home and abroad , called on _Chablbs Keen to move the following resolution : — That the thnnfcB of this society fee siren to the editors

      of the Nombebn Star , _Germim London _NEmrAPER , Refobme , _BsrssEM Geshah Gazette , _Debat Social , Libbbal _LiroioiB _, and La Souse , for the publication of the Address of this society to the Swiis Diet . And this society hereby _expreines its special thanks to the _GebkJN London _Neitsfapeb for past _faronrs of a similar character , which , inadvertently , have been unacknowledged on former occasions . The mover having spoken at some length in support of the resolution , it was seconded by Carl Scnapper , in a very able speech .

      Philip _M'Ghath ( of the Chartist Executive ) Bpoke in support of th 8 resolution , and in very eloquent terms commented on a variety of topics in connexion with the cause of Democracy . He was loudly applauded . The resolution was unanimously adopted . Julian Harnzt read and proposed the adoption of an Address to the Working Classes of Great Britain and Ireland . Johh Arkoti seconded the adoption of _th _© Address . Carl Schappbr strongly denounced the efforts now being made to excite an auti French feeling in this country . He cordially _approved of every word of the Address , but doubted whether it was the province of this society to address the working men upon the question of Chartism , lie feared that the society ' s motives might bo misconstrued ; people might think that the Fraternal Democrats wished to usurp the functions of the Chartist Executive .

      Philip _M'Giuth beeeed to assure his friend Schapper tbat there could be no rivalry between the Fraternal Democrats and the Chartist Executive . HimBelf and his colleagues were very happy to have the assistance of this society . The members of the Executire were members of thia society , and he was _Bure tbat bis absent brother members would agree with him in accepting every word of the excellent Address prepared by his friend Harney . The Address spoke the truth , and the truth was mighty , and would ultimately prevail . He considered such addresses of the utmost importance , and the one just read had hie hearty support . ( Applause . )

      The Chairman expressed his concurrence with every word spoken by his friend M'Grath For its truth , sound principles , and eloquence , the Address commanded his cordial approval . ( Applause . ) Carl Schapper said the excellent speeches of bis friend M'Grath and the chairman had removed the only objection he had entertained towards the Addrass . The Address was then put to the vote , and carried unanimously . Carl Schapper moved : — That announcements of the monthly meetings be printed and sent , on ? week _prerioui to tho time of meeting , to the Chartist localities , and the _Beveral popular societies in the metropolis , Seconded by J . _SaHABGtm , and agreed to .

      In the course of the evening the secretary read the following list of members who have paid their annual contributions ( one shilling each ) due from the 22 nd of September last : — J . Moll . L . Obnrski . J . Overton , Ernest Jones , B . Rogers , H . Ross , T . Clark , S . Boonhtm , J . _llarney , G . W . Wheeler , — Newall , G . F . Cooke , — Robson . C . Doyle , II . _Cullingham , — Broome , — Ryl . ind , — Hutchinson , S . Kydd ( 2 « . 6 d . ) , C . Schapper . — Nicholson , — Grassby , — Millward _, — Chapman , — _Rogers , — Allnutt , P . M'Grath . J . Simpaon , E . Gill , C . Keen , — _Schabelitz _, — Sly . J . Peacock ,

      W . Munday ( Northampton ) , W . Barley ( Manchester- _^ . ) . R- Wild ( Mottram ) , C . Springall ( Norwich ) , C . Theobald ( Peterborough ) , W . Daniells ( Isle of MaB ) , W . Beesley ( Accrington ) , A . Cameron ( Mauchline ) , T . Smith ( Mauchline ) , -- Morrisson ( Swindon—Is . 6 d . ) . P . Gray ( Dumfries ) , — _Guninaman ( Tunbridge Wells ) , — Hodges ( Croydon ) . T Froit ( Croydon ) . — Beare ( Croydon ) , — Smith ( Accrington ) . G . Kendall ( Sutton-in-Ash 6 eld ) , G . _Cavill ( Sheffield ) Aaron Higginbottom ( Sheffield—6 d . ) , John M'Crae . T . Whilton _, J . Drumraond , J . Black , J . Downie , J . Graham , and J . M'Intosh ( allot Dundee ) .

      OF Any member who has paid bis contribution and not finding his name included in the _abire list , is _requented to communicate with Julian Harney , stating the date the contribution was sent . Members who have not yet paid their contributions are requested to do _eo as speedily as possible . The following new members were elected at the meeting on Monday evening : —¦ Turner , II . Childs , T . Lucas , and — Marticis , residing in the metropolis ; and T . Warren , II . Leach , and T . Allen , all of Macclesfield .

      The Fraternal Democrats (As8kmblikg In L...

      THE FRATERNAL DEMOCRATS ( AS 8 KMBLIKG IN LONDON ) , TO THE WORKING CLASSES OF

      GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND . Fellow _LABocREns , From the earliest ages your' order' has been subjected to ail the wrongs and miseries of _slarery—slavery _sametimes undisguised , as in ancient Asia , Greece and Rome , and modern Russia and America ; and sometimes veiled under the forms ot a nominal freedom , as in these islands and their _dependeicies . It is an incontestible trtnh that he whose labour , liberty , aud life are at the disposal of another , is a slave . Such is the lot » f the millions of this country . You must' beg for leave to toil , ' and when that leave is granted , your reward ia not measured by theexlent or nature of your _labour , or the worth of your production-, but by the avarice of the _capitalists . The land is monopolised by a privileged fe v , and your

      exclusion from the soil creates an artificial surplus of labour which enables the capitalists of mnnufactures , trade , and commerce , to dictate the terms oh which they consent to employ you fer their own _aggrandisement . The legislature , elected by a minority hostile to your interests , taxes the scanty wages of yonr toil , and while ceaselessly passing laws for the protection of Property , leaves Labour utterly unprotected . Laws are enacted to punish you with imprisonment , banishment , and death for certain offences , but your concurrence in those laws is neither asked nor permitted . The rich reap the benefits , and the poor the penalties of the laws . Your labour , yonr personal freedom , and your very lives are at the mercy of the privileged classes . Knaves may assert , and fools believe , that you are ' free-born Britons ; ' but everyday experience must tell jnu that veritably you are slaves .

      Are you willing that your abject state should continue ? Are you content to be the parents of slave 9 ? Will you rear children to enjoy no better heritage than that you received from your fathers—unrequited toil and undeserved ruifiery ? Glory or infamy waits upon your reply . We know that there are thousands—ten sand hundreds of thousands of your order ready with an answer worthy of men . But , unhappily their power is unseen and unfelt , because they have not learned , or having learned , have neglected the lesson that ' union is strength . ' This want nf organisation on the part of the enlightened is the more to be deplored because thereby is retarded the enlightenment of that numerous body of the wealth-producers who know not * Why they bear bondage when they might ba free ' Yet the seeds of union are widely sown . A vast multitude have adopted

      'THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER , ' as the symbol of their political faith . The avowed _Chiirtists could of themselves form a phalanx , matchless in numbers and strength . A variety of circumstances combine to render their _organisation at this time of the utmost importance . lie is no true Chartist who _acknowledging the justice of the principles he has espoused , hesitates to perform the duties patriotism dictates . Now is the time for action—for enbucv—for tb . 0 STllUGOLE , and tke victory ! Working men of Great Britain and Ireland , your miseries have been great during the past year ; let those miseries inspire you with the resolution to p :. t tortll your strength in the year now commencing , to effect your political and social regeneration .

      Beware ot the designs of political schemers who flash before your eyes the ignis _fatunsjot sham reform , which if you follow will but lead you into the quagmire of disappointment and the' slough of deBpond . ' Within a few years you have ' Twice too well been taught , Tha fatal lesson dearly bought , 'that any scheme of so-called ' reform' emanating from the Bourgeoisie must be ' a mockery , a delusion , and a _Bnare- ' You , the working millions , unanimously supported the middle class in the struggle of that class to obtain the Reform Bill , and you know that the results of that measure have been 1 Like Bead Sea fruits that tempt the ve , But turn ' to ashes on the lips .

      The Ctuirti & lfl saw throMb . the _detoafoo of * Fre Trade , ' and nobly _cr-pcaed the designs of the Juan cas & ire millocrate ; a portion of the working classes _however , _etill hoped to ' gather grapes from thorns , and figs from _thistias , ' and believed the lying pro . misesof' High _Ws ? es , Cheap Bread , and Plenty to do . ' The experience ef the past year has now satisfied the most deluded of tha criminal aendawtj ot their deluders . Surely political charlatans will now find their ' occupation gone . '

      You are a _» k < _sd to support a ' Nations ! League for- , the Reform of Abuses , ' an ' Anti-State Church _MmhtionSim ' _AntlEritery Society , '' _ABdsooietieafer the reform of the currency , ana the abolition of certain taxe ? . The one design of tbe projector * of these schemes is to perfect the already-dominant power of the middle-3 lags . They all combine to resist your rightful claim to the privileges of citaeBi flwp ; they , therefore , are your enemies , _> Yere they indeed desirous , _» 9 _tht-y profeBs to be , of promoting your welfare , they would aid yoa to obtain iovtreign power . They well know that if you contwiied the legislature , all the reforms they seek—and reforms of much greater importance—would be forthwith effected . Knowing this , and refusing to _Aid you in your struggle for the power you would bo well employ , tbey sufficiently proclaim their unblushing dishonesty of purpose .

      Lee thia great truth be impressed upon every working-man , that it is from the hut and the hovel , the garret and the cellar , muet come the regenerators of his order and the social saviours of the human race . Receive with joy and fraternal love every man who , belonging to the privileged orders , shall renouF . ce class-distinctions , and ally himself with jou . to establish the reign of justice ; but look to no class above your own to _| do that work whieh , _; if dpne , muBt be by yourselves . ' Who would be free , himself must strike the blow J * Practically outlawed by the other classes of the state , you must find in your own clear heads , courageous hearts , and powerful arms the means of effecting your regeneration . ' In Labour ' s leaeue and Labour ' s ranks , The only hops of freedom dwells . '

      We must call your serious attention to a wicked and abominable conspiracy against your interest *; _theconspirators _^ _cemprising both the av owed enemies of all reform , and many of the sham-reformers whose false pretensions we have unmasked . The _conspiratorsaeck to revive those ' natienal prejudices , now all bufc _' extinct , which formerly made the working men of these countries , the willing butchers of their fellowmen of other lands . They desire to inflame the people of these islands with a dread and hatred of the people of France , under the pretext that tbe French contemplate the invasion and subjugation of _England .

      Working men of Great Britain and Ireland , yonr country ia already invaded _andj subjugated by enemies within—enemies who have reduced you _no-HtieaUy and socially to the condition of Helots . Yoa will nof . dislodge these enemies by increasing the physical force power of your rulers . We believe that the veritable people ot France , —the Proletarianshave gathered [ sufficient wisdom from experience , to have learned that like yourselves their _enemies are BOt to be found on » ny _foreign shore , but in their own country . In France as in England a triumphant moneyocracy rules supreme and grind * the gonB of labour to the dust . The conquest of that enemy , and the triumph of Equality , Liberty , and Fraternity , are the objects sought to be attained by the people of Franca .

      Even supposing that this country was menaced by aggression from without , England would have nothing to apprehend if her people were freemen . It ia not armies , navies , or fortresses that constitute the true defence of nations . A nation ' s best defence consists in the arms of a people veritably free . ' With hearts resolved and hands prepared , Tbe _bleBaimjs they eDjoy to guard V Let the privileged classes of these countries re " nouncc their unjust _usurpatioa * and establish poli " tical equality aud social justice , and England wil * have nothing to fear against a * world in arras . ' On the contrary , the people of the several European nations , would hail with joy the march of England ' s power , if that power was arrayed oa the side of the liberties and happiness of mankind .

      Working men of Great Britain and Ireland , ask yourselves the questions why should you arm and fight for the preservation of institutions in the privileges of which you have no share ? Why should you arm and fight for laws of which you only reap tbe penalties ? Why should you arm and fight for the protection of property which you can regard only as the accumulated plunder of the fruits of your labour ? You are deprived of the produce of your industry , and then your poverty is made the pretext for

      withholding from you your Citizen-rights ! Subjected to plunder , wrong , and insult by the possessors of property , why should you pour out your blood in defence of property ? ' Let the privileged ahd the property-holders fight their own battles . If they are too weak to do so let them learn the lesson of justice from their weakness , and share the advantages of society with their outcast countrymen . If they do so , the hearts and arras of the millions will form a wall of fire round these sea-girt isles welch no foreign invader could break through .

      Your great want is political power as the means to effect your social emancipation ; and until that political power is yours , let your resolve be

      NO VOTE , NO MUSKET ! Work ' iEg men of Great Britain and Ireland , shake off your apathy and determine for yourselves to be free . ' For a nation to be free it is sufficient that she wills it . ' Do , yoa then , will your freedom ? Rally around the banner of the National Charter Association . Resolve that you will be represented in the Legislature , and thereby ensure protection for your labour , youriibertics and your lirei . Hold in ab ' horence the conspirators who would set nation against nation , in tho name of that wicked lie , tbat men of different countries are , * natural enemies . ' Let your motto be

      ' All men are Brethren , and vour _battle-crv—• THE CHARTER , AND NO SURRENDER !' Signed by the secretaries and members of the com mittee , in behalf of , and in tbe name of , the Associa tion , — G . Julias IIarnkv , _} _£ ™ ; _Comt Britain LnARLKS Keen , i Thomas Clark , . 1 J . A . MlCHELOT , ? r _> - nv , _™ H . _Bebnard , £ France . Carl _Scn _- APPER _, l GermanV Joseph Moll , ) J 3 . ScnABELiTZ , "> _e . , j H . Krell _. i _Switzerland Petes Holm ) c ., ,. _LirxTBTSRO . , _S _^ _mavia

      Louis Oborski , Poland Caul Poh * e , 1 n „„ _- P . Bmhm , j Russia London , January 3 rd , 1 S 4 ? .

      Condition Of The Spitalfields Weavers. A...

      CONDITION OF THE _SPITALFIELDS WEAVERS . At a pencral meeting ot tao broad silk weave-3 of Bethiiiil Green held at the School-room , Hare-stivet _, on Friday week , a report ot the committee was brought up and adapted , from which we give tho following extracts : — ' We think it necessary to inform you t ' nat the parish authorities have kindly furnished the committee with statistics relating to the increase of pauperism , from which it appears that the increase of paupers in the house , during the last two years , is one hundred per cent ., and the out door paupers have increased at a leartul rate ; and from the statements of manufacturers , there roust be nearly twothirds of the weavers out of employ ; and notwithstanding these deplorable tacts , we have ascertained that the principal buyers are at the present time on the continent making very extensive purchases of foreign goods for importation to the home markets . The great buyers , knowing that home manufacture is not patronised by the _leadim : parties in the State , and that the ladies of inferior rank _aie mlluenced bv

      their example , watch the Parisian _fashions , and inundate the home markets with goods to a sufficient extent to supply the demand till the _;;»* hion hecomts _almost exhausted , so that , by the time the Kngiish manufacturer has his goods prepaid ! , the demand has so decreased that the value becomes materially deteriorated ; indeed , in some large establishments the shopmen dare not introduce a piece of _English goods until _prieca are brought _down to a certain level . __ This is effected by forcinc _foreign goods , and by _withholding purchases of British goods till the

      warehouses are crammed , and then priees are oi ' . _' _.-reJ which the manufacturers oftentimes , at a great sacrifice , arc compelled to accept , * * a plan has been propounded , by a gentleman of _inlluriiu'Ci for removing you some distance from town , aud for locating you on allotments of land . This plat ' , we have every reason to believe , has met with some support ; and a very strong hope prevails that the p roject will be carried into effect , ' In the course of the pioceedinss Mi- Honneshv reid tho following _communication , signed by _tivoutj _" two inmates of the _Bethnal-green workhouse : —

      • Sir , —We , the able-bodied of Bouinal _Uritu workhouse , arc used in a _rriitft sh . imelul manner ' The master miikea a _practk-cof-stopping thepwnvr * Simper , both ni ' . n . l . ' _. d ivpfhen , because they _t-itiip . ot pick lour pounds of t > : ; kui : i ? _w _d" }' - _During _sl ; e last six weeks upwards of one Hundred have had their suppers stopped , alter being at work all day . On the lCtb of last month two females were look , d up in a cold solitary cell , ou bread and water , fur _twelve hours , because they could not do it . An . ither fenu ' e , suckling her child , had her supper stopped sevoa _nights successively , [ and had cold p ; lato < : s in _.- > ttaJ . On the 22 nd he stopped the sttpperj of _txrtuty-two men . '

      Um Ui Rriiiicl'sinw O $Nd«££F^Da In The ...

      ui _riiiiCLinw In the north of Spam aud the south of has fallen in such quantities S 3 nearly impassable .

      Um R 'S O $Nd«££F^Da France Sw.M To •Mnd...

      um r ' s o _$ nd _« _££ f _^ da France sw . m to _MndjHf _© fTTJJ 8 _jda r ? / 7 > - _^; _S . f . ?\

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 8, 1848, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_08011848/page/1/