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Northern Star (1837-1852), 7th October 1848, Edition 3 of 3, Page 4, THE M'DOUALL DEFENCE FUND. TO TBS SDITOB...

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  • Departments (5)
    • NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE BBMJU* SOCIETF.
    • irezam?.
    • PORTRAIT OF JOHN MITCHEL
    • THE NORTHERN STAR, SATCBDAT, OCTOBER 7, 1848
    • ---^. - -. -W —t Co -fieaserfii & CcmsBonuent?
  • Adverts (6)
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      National Co-Operative Bbmju* Societf.

      NATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE BBMJU _* SOCIETF .

      Ad00416

      Parrw-T . _WaHeT , , _Bej-. __ - _ „ Direetort-P . _M'Sxath . T . C" 1 * C _, _S ° "' 8 emtsry- _ DicevD _f"J _^ 2 * -. I & nfc-Hation » l _Unitftd _&»* _ ___ . „ _.,, _C- miraX _Ofiice-i , Little _TOe-p Uce . _Hammersmith-roa-I A BENTS are already appointed in a great - . mm ofthe _^ Sef towns in Eog Ian \ _s «* otUna _% and _™ _% The National _Cooperative Benefit _*™ _ _f _ _%$ _? viveathe perils of starting into life , and has _nrmvesia . Si _iisSf in England , Scotland . » f _™» - « to _foSrighteen montWWe P _« _£ . _? * f ' xr _" _^ S _^ demands of Printing . Births . Sickness , Deaths , and _UnrJ _. ie . _Awnite the _nnnrecedented hadness of trade , po-

      Ad00417

      Now ready for delivery , uniform with Tallis * s Imperial Histories of England and America , Part I ., Price One Shilling , nriHE HISTORY OF IRELAND , from the earliest X period of the Irish Annals , to the Rebellion of 1818 . By Thomas Wright , Esq ., M . A ., F . S . _A-, ic , tte . Corresponding Member of the National _Institute of France ; Honorary Member of the Royal Society of literature , t c ; author of' England under tbe House of Hanover , 'TheBiographia Britannica ldteraria , " Essays _Ulustrattve of the Literature , History , and _Superstitisn of England in the Middle Ages , ' and other works illustrative ot English History . Each part embellished with a beautiful steel engraving , chiefly from Original Drawings . By H . Warren , Esq ., President ofthe New Water Colour Society . London : J . andF . Tauis , 108 , Sf John-street , and all booksellers .

      Ad00418

      On the 5 th October , Price Twopence , or stamped , Threepence , to be continued Weekly , THE COTTAGE GARDENER ; or Amateur and Cot tsger _* s Guide to Out-of-door Gardening and Spade CultwatioiL . Conducted by George W . Johnson , Editor ofthe * Gardener ' s Almanack , ' 'Modern Gardener ' s Die tionary , * & c . FRUIT GARDENING , by Mr R . _Erriagton , Gardener to Sir P . Egerton , Bart-, Oulton Park . FLOWER GARDENING , by Mr T . Appleby , _FJoienltara ! Manager to Messrs Henderson , EdgewaTe Road . KITCHEN GARDENING , by the Editor , and Mr J . Barnes , Gardener toXady _Rolie , at Bicton . London : Published by Wm . S . Oas , and Co ., Amen ¦ Corner , and 147 , Strand ; and sold by all booksellers , of -whom detailed prospectuses may be had _.

      Ad00419

      THE LAND . TO LET , for atermef years , a THREE-ACRE _ALLOTMENT , at Minster Love !; tbe farm is pleasantly situated by the roadside , soil good , and the house has every convenience for a family . Por farther particulate , apply to A . O . Z _., Post Office , Witney , Oxon .

      Ad00420

      TO TAILORS . By approbation of Her Majesty Queen Victoria , and H . R . H . Prince Albert . BEADT ON SEPTEMBER- IS , THE LONDON AND PARIS AUTUMN AND WINTER _FASHIONSfor 18 i _8- « , by Messrs BENJAMIN READ . and Co ., 12 , Hart _« treet , _BIoomsbnry-square , London ; and by G . Basra , Holywell-street , Strand ; a very splendid PRINT , _enperblr c loured , accompanied with the most _asbionable , novel , and _extra-fitting Riding Dress , Huntng and Frock-Coat Patterns ; the Albert Paletot , Dress snd Morning Waistcoats , both single and double-breasted . Also , the theory of Cutting Cloaks of every description fully explained , with diagrams , and every thing respecting style and fashion illustrated . The method of increasing and diminishing all the patterns , or any others _particularly explained . Price 10 s .

      Irezam?.

      irezam _? .

      Asssst 0? American £V«Path18eba. The Cab...

      _aSSSSt 0 ? _AMERICAN £ V « PATH 18 EBa . The _CabIiOw _Sehtutei gives tbe particulars of the . arrest sf three American sympathisers who have lately arrived in this conntry on a bnccaneeiiag expedition ; the arrest of thirteen persons charged with drilling , and the arrest of a quartermaster with a rebel commission in hie pocket . The Sb « tuiil has tbe following particulars in con . nexioa with the arrest of Mr _ex-Qoartermaster Hanra han — * Oar readers will recollect that a few weeks since it was announced ia the pablio joarna _. _' _s tbat _Qaartermaster Hanrahan , of the 13 th Regiment of Foot , had absconded with a large sum of money in his possession , with which he had been entrusted . From that period be eluded the vigilance of tbe authorities until Monday

      last , when be was arrested by Sub-Inspector Gould and apjrty of constabulary , near _Carrlck-on-Suir , and committed to Clonmel Gaol . On searching his person , a commission conferring the rank of a 'general' in the Irish rebel service was found in his packet , to which was at ' _-acbed the slgna-. ure of one of the leading rebel chiefs , whose name it wonld new be imprudent to disclose for obvious reasons . We have , unhappily , ample reason to elieve that the late insurrection , if not timely suppressed by the arrest of the leaders and the dispersion ef their followers , by the firm and d % tsiva measures tl _Covernment , would have p evea of a formidable charac-¦ x . Bedtime alone cm _utvelope the facta and _circum-Akncei Lounected witu the most extensively organised ' conspiracy ' ever entered into in Ireland during a century _, it railed ; bhe , through Providence , that failure was owing » the imbecility of the leading actors and the treachery of their colleagues . '

      : MESSES O ' BBIBS ABD DOHBSY . A correspondent ot the Tippe-uk Vihdicatob , writing hem Cashel , seems to know a great deal cobcerniag the nsovemtnU of Messrs CBriea and _Daheay after their outlawry . Speaking of O'Brien's arrest , be Beys- — 'Tery many persons in the humblest station , and in the most destitute condition , could have sold him to the govercment for the tempting reward eo carefully placarded all oTer the conntry . On the very night of his arrest , he was accompanied near ihe town of Thurles by more tban one of the poor people ef the neighbourhood ; bnt they did not yield te the temptation . They kept faith with the man who confided himself to them ; and so far of the populatiqn , itcanaotbesaidthatevenoneofthem was actuated by a love for lucre throughout the whole of this transaction , * XB . _SUHB O ' aBlEN ABD THE STATE TBUIA—COBCIMA TIOS HAIL —THE COMHTIO ** OS THB PEOPiE .

      ( from our own Correspondent . ) Dublin , Oot . 2 nd , 1818 . As the proceedings connected with the State Trials , and the prosecntwa of the _rmfbrtunate ' Young _Irelandera' approach towards a climax , public interest thickens . Mr Smith O ' Brien ' s conduct since ths cem . mencement of his trial has been ail that cenld dignify the _high-soaiedpatriot . Even his greatest enemies must _Cfcsfes thi * . U is a significant fact that in the great county ot Tipperary—one of the most Cathelio districts of Ireland , and in the South Biding too—still a more Catholic locality than the Honh Riding not one tingle _CalheHe _Isempanneued on the jury ! Bom anybody consider this as the effect of chance or an occurrence of

      a fair , honest , aud unimpeachable character t Is any man In tbe British empire _smpid or roguish enough to _eey It Is a just aad _tquiuble transaction i Hot one ! So far as the trials have gone up to this day ( Monday ) there is tittle of an interesting nature attached to them . But two professed informers have as yet been examined , one a wretch named Lowe , who was foreman printer is the Hatioh office ; another characterless va . gabond named Dohbins , a lawyer ' s writing clerk , and a member p i one of the late Confederate CiubB . This latter traitor has performed his part of the' dirty work ' in true * _blood-sucking * style . N _* ver was more arrant _viliany _exposed than { in this fellow ' s case ) was pumped forth by the able connsel fer Mr O'Brien .

      Whilst it is rumoured that Smith O'Brien , if condoled , will be hanged instonter , it is resolved by his friends and counsel to move a writ of error to the House of Lords founded on the illegal proceedings of the parties _conceroed in getting up his jury . That there are valid and abundant _greunds for such an appeal there can be txetttou , — .. _» _v-... _rei elements of ' moral force' delusion are _trjing to bring themselves together again , and the tag . rag of the * HJ 1 deserted' are - moving mountains' in their efforts to open the strings of tbe Irish purse . Thej have issued _bagging letters In every quarter at all HkJy to sand tbem a shilling ; but , with four or five paltry exceptions , cold water has been flung upon their impudent exertions . Ireland has had enough of € oaoillauon _Hali _, and if that ill looking den be ever _againopaned it will not be by IRELAND '

      The condition of the people is dally—nay , hourlybecoming mire and more alarming . The famine of 1848-49 has not _actually set in , but I tell you tbat it is rapidl / approaching , and ' I tell you that , unless God works a miracle ia onr favour , the history of mankind furnishes no such record of hum » n suffering as will be ears in the corning winter and spring . The p » -atoes are rotting away rapidly , and there is not half _o-crop ol any Idnd ef grain . Hunger , fever , nakedness , film , and probably _Choiera , —wiu ' do their business , and in an . o & _eryt-rit _tvSllteisy to tale tie census of Ireland *» i

      Ad00423

      _£ Price Threepenee t A vxbbathi bepobt of the trials or ERNEST JONES AND THE OTHER CHARTIST LEADERS . Nov Ready , a Few Edition ef MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS THE _CHEATEST ED 1 T 10 H _ZVaa _PBBMSHID . Price is . _6 d ., A new and elegant edition , with 8 teel Plate of the Author , of

      Portrait Of John Mitchel

      PORTRAIT OF JOHN MITCHEL

      Notice To Agents Will Be Given In The St...

      Notice to Agents will be given in the Star when the above Portrait is ready for issue . ¦ _**»» - — PORTRAIT _^ OF CUFFEY . The above portrait , taken by his _fe'low-sufferer , Wm . Dowling , will be ready In a few days . Prion 6 d . Orders received ty Mr Dixon , IU , High Holborn .

      The Northern Star, Satcbdat, October 7, 1848

      THE NORTHERN STAR , SATCBDAT _, OCTOBER 7 , 1848

      " Moral Power Is The Deliberative Qualit...

      " Moral power is the deliberative quality in each man ' s mind , wbich teaches him how to reason , how to endure , and when forbearance becomes a crime j and should its exercise fail to secure for man all those rights to which he is entitled ,

      and should physical force be required ( which God forbid !) it will come to his aid like an electric shock ; but the man who marshals it destroys it , and the man who recommends it is a fool or a traitor , and will be the first to desertit . "Feargus O'Connor .

      The Rebel Government. Last Week We Comme...

      THE REBEL GOVERNMENT . Last week we commented upon some of the doings of tbe FELON GOVERNMEMT , which have since concluded in the Transportation for Life of Five of their English victims , and this week we are called upon to chronicle their Rebel acts in Ireland . We say their Rebel acts , because—but for their mis-government of the conntry— -there would not be a rebel in the land . We have published the trials of O'Brien and others , as far as they have reached ns ; and as in England so in Ireland , we find the case for the Crown mainly , if not wholly , depending on the evidence of spies and informers . But as custom reconciles man to

      depravity of the worst description , and as , under some circumstances , the evidence of such parties may be indispensable to establish the guilt of th *> accused , we yield to the morbid fashion ofthe day , and eschew further consideration of such wretches ; but we cannot as lightly pass over the conduct of the Court _, which , if not impartial , should assume the appearance of impartiality , or , indeed , if leaning could be evinced to either side it should be to that of the accused . The Judge should

      be above suspicion . If the law is to be strong it must be impartially administered , and if it is to be avenged , its vengeance should serve as an example to warn others of its power ; 'but when we find the Chief Justice presiding in a case ef the greatest magnitude , not only evincing palpable " partiality , but disregarding even the common courtesies of life , then we can come to no other conclusion than that the Judge is the tool ot Administration , and not the administrator of the Law .

      There is no crime more revolting than that of premeditated assassination ; there is none more foolish than that of an unarmed , undisciplined , disorganised party , making war against an armed , disciplined , organised army : and the people of this country , and of Ireland , have yet to learn what constitutes the difference between a French and English , or Irish revolution . The French constitute a great national army . There are a greater number belonging to the operative classes who have been drilled and trained io the use of arms , and who possess arms , than the French army

      numbers , and from time immemorial that nation has considered the musket as a substitute for speech . The etneute of a single club , or a single school , or a single association , has been a sufficient standard to insure , if not a general , at least an extensive and alarming outbreak . And in France those outbreaks are looked upon as the representative of the will of a large portion—if not of the entire community But even there , while such wild frenzy is on the eve of an outbreak , there has been little , if any , preconcert . The grievance is felt—the alarm is given—the standard is raised—the revolt takes place while authority is not as

      well prepared to resist ; but , in this country— J although-the Bill of Rights proclaims the right of every man to have arm ? , nevertheless , not one in a thousand possess them , while their very possession may establish the guilt of the owner . They are not soldiers they lack discipline , and are deficient in organisation . Hence , when they resolve upon an emeute they have to pass through those several dangerous ordeals—the procurement of arms , discipline , and organisation , and in every stage of which they stand in danger of being ensnared , betrayed and destroyed .

      The reader may , therefore , conclude that all agitation for the amelioration ofthe condition of the working classes must be vain and hopeless ; while , on the contrary , we assert that _thestraining of the law , iu those cases , goes to establish the weakness of the existing system , and to prove that its weakness consists in its injustice ; and when the Chancellor of the Exchequer produces his next budget , in which

      the suppression of Whig treason will constitute no unimportant item—then those parlies who would now halloo the government on their victims , will have cooled in their enthusiasm , and will ask themselves whether a large saving might not have been effected if timely justice had been substituted for unseasonable rigour ? Surely those who pay for such fanciful pranks must expect that the recent and progressive acts of terror will have the effect of

      The Rebel Government. Last Week We Comme...

      Wholly suppressing that disloyalty , disaffection ; and discontent now so generally manifest ib both countries . And with such proof will the Prime Minister dare to repeat his assertion , " That the people of this country are loyal to a man , are perfectly satisfied with things as they are , and require no reform I" Or will theGrand Jury or the Petty Jury of Tipperary , be more reconciled to the confiscation ot their property by Whig injustice aid misrule , after they shall have sacrificed O'Brien and his associates to

      Whig _misgovfrnment ? We have always told the p eople that men were best in that situation for whioh _natare designed them ; and if nature had any hand in the establishment of British Parliaments , she designed the Whigs for the opposition benches . There , though . artful , cunning , and hypocritical , they make a show of resistance , and are loud in professions of liberality ; but when housed in Downing-street , and placed on the Ministerial benches , they are tyrannical ,. cruel , and vindictive ; weak in princi ple , they exhaust the Exchequer to secure support , and even then their chief reliance is upon an appeal to the

      hereditary loyalty of their opponents . At present , therefore , we recognise but one paramount duty as devolving upon the whole people , and that is the restoration of the Whigs to that side ofthe House for which nature designed them . This was to have been the first work of that Assembly which was to have succeeded the triumph of the 10 th of April . It was marred , however , by the folly—nay , by the insanity—of the would-be representatives of the people ; but as it is never too late to retrace error , it now becomes the bounden duty of all to join in this necessary , this useful work .

      We presume that even the really brave ol the Chartist body have now got a surfeit oi trusting their lives and their liberties to the tender mercies of the blustering , the enthusiastic , and false ; but that , like men ' truly wedded to their principles , they will betoroe more confirmed in their faith , and firmly contend for their adoption hy every legal and constitutional means ; and those means , let us assure our readers , if energetically used , will be more speedy—more efficient and conclusive —than the folly which has been so often tried , and which has so often failed .

      The example of France ought not to be lost upon the people of England , while , as we contended in the outset , the example set by Prussia ought to convey a serious lesson to the people of the world . Politics , governments , and systems were never so perplexed or confused as at the present moment- It is some years since we prophesied that one day there would be established a league bf people against the league of kings ; and we predicted _thatthe artful and designing would se possess themselves of democratic confidence as to constitute

      the league of capital as a substitute for • the league of kings , thus establishing the tyranny of millions in lieu of individual tyranny , and in every , instance in Europe where the league of people has been successful against the league of kings , our prediction has been verified . And hence we gather experience from the past , and say .- "Preserve us under the rule of individual tyranny , galling and oppressive as it may be , until the industrious classes of the country have affixed their stamp of approbation upon a system which is to make labour the source of government . ' '

      Have the working classes ever considered what the condition of this country would have been if a physical revolution had changed the system of Government , if they had been unprepared with a substitute ? Have they learned wisdom from the hesitation and treason of the Provisional Government of France , and the treachery of Lamartine and the majority of his associates , until the enemies of Labour had prepared themselves with the hydra-headed monster asa substitute for the old woman they had deposed ? Whereas , had the French people been as well instructed upon the principles of

      representation as the English people are , there would have been ne interval between the destruction of the old , and the establishment of the new system ; the united will of the millions , instead of the moonshine of traitors , would have been the basis of the Constitution—much blood would have been spared—the . ' treasure of the country would have been confidingly brought into the market , instead of being transported or burled—and Labour , instead of being a beggar at the door for a portion of its own creation , would have been relied upon as the source of justice , and treated upon true terms of equality .

      " Liberty , Equality , Fraternity , " is a Trinity of humbug . " Justice , Self-reliance , Co-operation , and Representat ' on , " must constitute the true basis of a Constitution which is to do impartial justice to all classes ,- and however the trickery of language may invent a whimsical and wordy Constitution for the excitable French people , we tell those who rely upon the judge , the spy , and a jury lox , that the league of people will be too strong for the league of tyrants , or the law ' s perversion , and that the Teviled Chartists of England , unscathed , undaunted , and undiminished in vigour , enthusiasm and strength , will yet establish a Constitution which will not require force or fraud for its protection , because it will be based upon

      " JUSTICE , SELF-RELIANCE , CO-OPERATION , AND REPRESENTATION . " We cannot conclude without calling attention to the Whig Attorney General ' s side blow at the Land Plan . Daniel Burn , an honest Chartist . and member of the Land Company , appeared as an evidence against the informer Powell , and exultingly concluded his crossexamination by the Attorney General :- — " I know nothing about class leaders , but I have heard there are such persons . I belong to the Laud Society also . ' The Attorney General . — . When do you expect to get your share of the Land ?

      " Witness . —Oh i I am quite satisfied with the Land Scheme . It has been much misrepresented by the Press . I entered for a four acre share , and have paid 32 s . " Now , irrelevant as the matter was to the question at issue , we hesitate not to assert that the Whig Attorney General would have preferred the ridicule and denunciation of tbe Land Plan , even to the conviction of the victims of his guilty colleagues , as in our soul

      we believe all the force of the Government _^ both legal and administrative , have been iiuosl treacherously enlisted against a plan whose chief recommendation must be their hostility ; and our only astonishment is , that the official in his sagacity did not secure the evidence of some of his confederates—some ofthe vermin —to throw contempt upon the Land Plan . But the little gentleman burned his fingers when he attempted to play the Anti-Land tool with honest Daniel Burn .

      The "Powell Plot" And The

      THE " POWELL PLOT" AND THE

      PRESS-GANG . Ihe truculent « W ' -true to its horrible reputation--has seized upon the recent trials atthe Old Bailey as a pretext for renewed abuse and misrepresentation of Chartism , upon which it would fasten the odium of Powell ' s villany , and the folly of that miscreant ' s' victims . In the first place it represents the " dozen or two tailors , shoemakers and joiners "' ' ' tried at the Old Bailey _^ as the " nucleus and mainstay' of _( _Jiartism . In a subsequent arti cIe th ® , 5 mw Says : - " Tne _^ artists reckoned on the assistance of 50 , 000 thieves and rogues . They were assisted by one scoundrel more than they bargained for . "

      Right well the " Times ' ' writers know that they lie when they represent the Chartists as leagued with " thieves , " or calculating upon the support of " rogues . " We will not here , like seme craven wretches , decry what is called <> physical force . " We always have asserted and always will assert the ri ght ofthe peonle everywhere and in all . times to defend them elves from oppression and violence even Kv arms . We will not } preach « peace at any

      The "Powell Plot" And The

      price / ' We wiU not blaspheme the memories of our fathers who obtained for themselves and . their de scendants , the few liberties we do possess , not by _passive obedience , but by the outpouring of their blood on many a battlefield . We will not do otherwise than honour Simon de Montfort , Wat Tyler , and Hamp . den . FPewill throw no slur upon Wallace and , Washington , because they fought tyrants With their own weapons . The battle-fields where freedom was the prize contended for , we regard as ** holy ground ; " and , let the lying tools of tyranny , and the canting

      trucklers to an usurping minority say what they please , we will ever maintain the sacred right of resistance to oppression , that last resource of the wronged against the wrong-doer . But we have ever deprecated the employment of physical force when other means ef obtaining justice have been open to the oppressed ; and we have as ' ardently deprecated the very idea of any section of the people appealing to force , under any circumstances . We have done so , not because we are insensible to

      the rights of minorities , but because we are convinced that even a just cause and pure intentions are not sufficient ' 'to justify armed revolt . For any cause to be successful it must have the sanction of public opinion . Even temporary victory will not ensure the establishment ef . principles which the ma-is of society are ignorant of , or hostile to . A " conspiracy '' must of necessity be confined to a few , a sufficient reason , though by no means the only one , for us to oppose everything like the " Powell Plot . " The views we have

      expressed , and the course we have invariably pursued , are the views of , and has been the course followed by the Chartist party . Excepting Cuffay , the names of Powell ' s victims were totally unknown to us before the arrests took place ; and though some of them may be Chartists , they . no more represented the Chartist party than they did the Whig or Tory party . It is true , the Whigs were represented in the " Conspiracy' '—represented by Powell , Davis , Barrett , Tindel , and Baldwinson : If an insurrection of _SOjOOO thieves was calculated upon , the calculators were the Whigs . At the time the Cochranites induced

      a turn-out of the . blackguards of the Metropoll ' s , -the'Chartists abandoned their out-door meetings rather , than give any pretext for the assembling ofthe ignorant and brutal window smashers . Chartism is comparatively weak in the Metropolis—we mean as compared with Manchester—precisely because •" thieves "legitimate and illegitimate , law-sanctioned , and law-hunted' rogues—here most abound . Public plunderers and private pickpockets may have some sympathy in common ; but scoundrels—from these in ermine and lawn , to those in rags and tatters—have an instinctive horror of Chartism . The Chartists reciprocate that feeling . '

      Once for all we declare that the "Powell Plot " _Avasjcencocted without the _. knowledge of the Chartists , and in opposition to the whole course of Chartist policy . The "Times' ' in asserting the contrary , lies , arid it knows it lies . During the progress of the trials the "Times '' did its best to ensure the conviction ofthe victims , and when convicted it savagely exulted at . the . brutal- sentence :, passed upon them . The "Times" says the sentence "is a severe , but a most just one . ' ' ' The _^ Chronicle" " approves " ofthe sentence , and denounces by anticipation any outcry that may be raised against it as

      " philanthropic and constitutional cant , ' " Undoubtedly these ruffians of the Press-gang would have rejoiced had Powell ' s dupes been condemned to swing on the gallows . That vile thing , " Punch , " not contented with having- done its best to make Cuffay both ridiculous and offensive in the eyes of the jury-class , is this week guilty of the pitiful scoundrelism of heaping insult upon the fallen victim ofits lies and _scoffings . In the course of the dirty article alluded to , the mis-shapen buffoon says : — " If we have the misfortune to pass . for dangerous levellers with some people , we are

      considered aristocratic sneaks by others ; '' This is at any rate an admission that tells of a perished popularity and a falling circulation ;" for people' are hot in the habit of expending even threepence upon a thing . they despise as a sneak . But the superannuated hunchback , though well known to be a " sneak , " is not an " aristocratic sneak ; " its baseness is below even that . "Punch" is the sneaking toady of the bourgeoisie—the buffoon of the Plutocracy , from the " League" to the "specials . "

      Once it affected sympathy for the poor and op pressed , arid knaves and tyrants winced under the scourge of its wit ; but , sold te the Plutocrats , its humour has been replaced by drivel , and its wit has degenerated to slander . Of course its _popularty is gone , and its doom is fixed . The laborious advertising puffery which , week by week , is applied to sustain the worn-out imp of ugliness , is all in vain—the end is not far off when over the rotten remains of " Punch , " will be inscribed * .- — " Here lies a sneak . ' ' '

      Fulure Of Free Trade. The Free Trade Agi...

      FULURE OF FREE TRADE . The Free Trade agitation is too recent for any one to have forgotten its leading incidents . Bj * means of the issue of hundreds of tons of tracts—of large ' packed meetings in Covent Garden Theatre— -of a costly and widely-ramified organisation—a highly-paid staff of lecturers ahd agents—ahd a succession of bazaars-Conferences , & c , & c— -the leaders of that movement succeeded , for the time being , in filling the . eye and the ear of the " thinking and ' . most respectable British public" The shopkeeping and electoral classes generally , were quite captivated by the fascinating

      promises of Messrs Cobden , Bright , and Co . According to these gentry , all that was needed , in order to let in a flood of prosperity on tbe country , was to throw open our ports for the free importation of foreign produce of all descriptions . That was the specific which was to restore health and prosperity to the body politic . "High Wages , Cheap Bread , and Plenty to do , " were to follow in the wake of the Repeal ofthe Corn Laws . New mills and manufactories . were to be erected by the hundred to supply the ever-growing demand for British manufactures from abroad ; and , in return , a stream of agricultural wealth was . to flow steadily into our ports , and thence into the cottage and dwelling of every working

      man . We were among the few journals advocating Radical politics , not deceived by these specious and alluring promises . We saw through the fallacious reasoning and clap-trap declamation by which the movement was supported , and steadily and consistently warned the working classes against putting any faith in the representations of the leaders of that party . For this we were , of course , assailed with all that coarse vituperation and scurrility which the organs of the " respectable" middle _* claBS Free Traders know so well how to indulge in . Accu . _sations of bribery by the Tory party were the gentlest of the charges made against us . We were denounced as the greatest enemies of the

      working classes , and the Leaguers were held up as their friends , par excellence , Well , we have been content to give the League measures the "fair trial" they asked for them . It might , with truth and justice , have been objected to an earlier criticism , that these measures should , at least , have a year or two to develope their probable tendencies , as well as actual operation , before any judgment was pronounced upon them . We are now getting towards the close of the transitional three years allowed by Sir R . Peel for this purpose , and we think it is but reasonable , after this delay , to look round and ask " How far the new policy has fulfilled the expectations held out by its promoters ?"

      The failure ofthe Potato crop of late years , so far fromheing an argument in favour of the Free Trade party , as it is generally used by their , advocates , in reality tells against them , A relative scarcity of home-grown

      Fulure Of Free Trade. The Free Trade Agi...

      food may have had some effect in preventing the price of Agricultural produce from falling to the . low point predicted by the Protectionists , and thus averted—for a time—the evils which were anticipated by that class of the population . But , on the other hand , this very scarcity of provisions should have co-operated with what were alleged to be the natural ten dencies of the Free Trade system , in producing a very much larger demand for our manufactures , on the part of these countries who brought their "bread stuffs" to supply our deficiency . Has this been the case ? By no

      means . The foreign importer has preferred our gold to our manufactures ; for this good reason , that eyery country is encouraging , aa far as possible , Us native manufacturing industry . They have not the slightest objection to be allowed to participate in all the advantages of our high-priced market , by selling their Corn and Cattle in it , without paying either taxes or customs ; but they have a very great objection indeed to let our textile fabrics compete on the same terms with their own , in their markets , and hence they have shut us out of them by hostile tariffs .

      The result is , that ever since the Free Trade policy received its final legislative sanction , our manufacturing industry has been declining , and may safely be said to have been , during the whole of that time to the present , in a worse condition than at any former period of the histoiy of our manufacturing system . We do not mean to assert that at particular periods , and for a short period , there may not

      have been a larger number of hands out of work at one time—but what we do mean is , that the trade was never before so long and so generally depressed , and that instead of mending it is gradually and steadily growing worse . In Manchester , the heart of our manufacturing system and the cradle of the League , instead of improving things are growing worse , as the following extract from the" Manchester Examiner" will show ;—

      Short Time . —Until a decided improvement in demand takes place , a recourse t _^ short time _working seems to be the safest aad best policy for producers . In tbe present Btate ot tbe market anything like an accumulation of stock would only make matters worse ; and tbe _condi tion tf the cotton market is oot such as to cause any ap . prehension regarding : a plentiful and cheap supply of raw material'for the ensuing year . A pretty general resort to shorter hours , on the expiry of contracts now running , would tend to arrest the present downward tendency of prices , and prevent many producers from closing tbeir mills altogether a few months hence .

      This is the present state of the Manchester trade , be it remembered , after a continuous and unprecedented state of depression . One significant fact in common with the subject may be noted ; it has been the custom to publish in the " Manchester Guardian" a weekly table , showing the number of hands at werk on full time , short time , and _totally unemployed ; these tables were made up by the official authorities , and furnished an unfailing barometer as to the state ofthe mills and manufactories in that town . In the last return for the month

      of June the number of the unemployed was stated to be 7793 . From some cause or other this column was omitted , and for three months subsequently the unemployed have been kept wholly out of sight . Whether it was considered to be an awkward contradiction of the predictions of the Free Trade _millowners , to see that not less than nine thousand mill hands were idle in the very capital of the League that caused the suppression of this column , we cannot say . This week , however , the statement re-appears for the last time , the " Guardian" appends the following notice to the

      table : — Of the total hands included in the table , there is an increase of 359 working short time , and a decrease of 616 working ; full time . The return is , therefore , rather of an unfavourable character . These returns are to be discontinued after the present week , it being considered unneces . sary to take them regularly e _> very week at present , as tbey bave lately varied so little , aod as objections have been made in some quarters to the trouble given to millowners in furnishing the information . Taking this in connexion with the advice of the " Examiner ' ' to work short time , a pretty shrewd guess may be given as to the actual effectsjofthe * Free Trade nostrums ti the

      Manchester trade , and the determination ' of the millowners to prevent us from accurately estimating its results this winter . But our recent policy in commercial matters has turned out still more disastrously for Glasgow . The " North British Mail , " a Free Trade paper , has a lengthened article on the subject , in which it discloses a lamentable tale of decling trade , diminishing imposts , and suffering industry . A short document—a return of the vessels cleared out of Glasgow in two different but consecutive periods , is a short but remarkably instructive document . Here it is : — Vessels cleared out of tbe port of Glasgow for foreigu

      parts , from 5 th January , 1847 , to 29 th Sept . .. 602 Ditto from 5 ih January , 1848 , to 29 th September .. 382 Decrease .. 220 " This decrease , " adds the "Mail , " "is without any parallel in previous years ; " and in a subsequent part of the article it thus describes the state of Glasgow under Free Trade : —• Our streets swarm with unemployed men . Immorality , Ignorance , and demoralisation are increased by idleness . Defective homes are falling gradually into wretchedness . Our poor-rate ; , and police-rates improve , and the ; are the only improving interests in this city . Some' time ago the pawnbrokers complained tbat matters had gone too far for them ; and evea the spirit dealers , we believe , feel tbe

      pressure af the times . The . potato disease at home , and revolution on the Continent , are charged with the origin of this misery . Tho potato disease of 18 . 6 was followed by a splendid harvest of 18 * 7 , and apparently now by an average return of food in 1818 . The revolutionary proceedings on the Continent were not altogether injurious to onr manufacturing and commercial interests . They reduced the demand for some fabrics on the Continent ; but they also cast back industrial pursuits in the troubled states , Men cannot ' work and' fight at the same time . Tbeaefacts are , therefore , utterly inadequate to explain the great decrease in our exports , accompanied by a still greater reduction in the home consumption of goods , and a very extraordinary increase ofimports . * * *

      Matters cannot long exist in their present state . We cannot go on from bad : to worse in order to try an experiment which has not a reasonable chance of success . At this moment we know that measures are in course of adoption to reduce wages largely in some staple departments , for the purpose uf meeting the competition created by recent changes . Such reductions as that to which we refer in the Glasgow trade render necessary and practicable great reductions of wages ; but they were not the _consquences promised after the legislation of 1845 and 1848 . We believe tbat a British commercial union will require to be formed , after the fashion of tbe

      German -into * - ., on . the basis of *»« fectty fr *"> trade be . tween aU the dependencies and possessions of this empire . It will start with a population of 200 , 000 , 000 , on a field embracing one-fourth of the globe , and within that range mischievous class monopolies are utterly and absolutely impossible . Wo can then wait the conversion of the world in calmness and security in an unassailable position . That movement may be more rapid than some parties anticipate ; and it would be accelerated a genera * tion or two in consequence of our resolution , Some step ef the kind must be taken speedily , in order to save our docks and rivers from desertion , and our people from

      starvation . Here then we have one Free Trade organ compelled by the facts under its own cogni sance , to retreat trom its former position , and to take up the advocacy of that colonial and reciprocity system of commerce , which the Protectionists were but a short time since assailed with ridicule and obloquy for maintaining .

      The returns as to our East Indian trade are nearly as unpromising ; and as to our West Indian colonies , there come from all quarters a chorus of groans and execration on the policy and the party by whom they have been plunged into irretrievable ruin . In short , in whatever direction we look , our Free Trade legislators have " made a pretty mess of it ; " and the worst of the matter is , that they are as impudent , as confident , and as boastful as ever .

      But , as the " Mail" says : " we cannot go on from bad to worse in order to try an experiment , which has not a reasonable chance of success . " The great interests of the country imperatively demand that our present downward career be arrested , and that speedily . Messrs . Cobden , Bright , and other luminaries of that school , had better seek out some more congenial vocation than that of politicians and statesmen , in which they have evidently made some monstrous ,, blunders , and proved themselves decidedly false prophets . They staked their reputation on the success of the policy advocated by the'Anti-Corn Law League . It has turned out an utter failure— -They have lost , and had better give up ,

      Drousden.—The Land Members Are Requested...

      Drousden . —The Land members are requested to attend a meeting at the Temperance room , on Sunday morning , Ootober 8 ; h , at nine o ' olook , for tha purpose oi appointing a seoretary and other officora .

      ---^. - -. -W —T Co -Fieaserfii & Ccmsbonuent?

      _--- _^ . - -. -W —t Co _-fieaserfii & _CcmsBonuent ?

      Tomtobdb**. —Persons Corresponding With ...

      ToMtoBDB _** . —Persons corresponding with the ObarHsta of Todmorden must direct to Mr Isaac Hartley reu , Hanging-ditch , Todmorden , Jams Daman . —Received . Join * Beddow .- No room . Mrs J ? u 8 sbi _, t / s _Bam-tre . —the holders of ticket ! are requested t » make their returns and settle tbeir account * immediately . The committee meet every Tuesday era . ing at nine o ' clook , at the Bell Tavern , _Wlngrove-plaoe , ClerkenwelL-W . Hwoins , Sw . Tbi Land Baiiot . — We have received several coamul * cations suggesting plans to supersede the ballot for the _location of members . The Irish trials and other

      toportantmatters leave ns no room for tbe insertion of such communications . We recommend the writers toceau municate their plans to tbe Board of Directors or to sho forthcoming Conference . To _CoBBBsroNDHSM . —We cannot publish letters until the state trials are concluded . —Several Trades , and ether comraunicafons , are unavoidably postponed . D . Glmh * . —The spirit ef the lines is very good , but _taa work iB too imperfect for publication . David _Edwasbs , Mer thyr , should consult an attorney . We cannot answer legal questions . Be views , —Tbe reports ofthe Irish and Old Bailey trials have left us no room for our usual reviews . TheLi-BouftEa for this month , tbe _Tsial or Da _M'DdtjilIi , and other publications received for review , shall havo our attention next _week .

      Receipts Of Tbe National Land Company, F...

      RECEIPTS OF TBE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY , FOB THB WEEK ENDING THURSDAY , OOW > _BER 5 , 1818 . PER UR O'CONNOR . ¦ bases . £ g . d . _Winchcombs ,. 15 0 Bury , J Bury „ i 8 0 Cardiff .. 4 % 8 Manchester ,. 3 0 0 _MtuketLttTington 16 8 Cirencester .. 2 0 0 Lincoln .. 2 4 0 Hasweli „ 0 4 0 Merthyr , Ponell 0 2 0 Ashburton „ l « II Hawick „ 12 0 Leamington .. 5 0 4 Chester .. 1 I 8 Aberdeen H 111 0 Clayton West * 0 5 0 Nottingham , Hugh Mason „ 3 0 Swett „ 1 lo 0 £ 33 19 J

      8 XPENBE FUND . Merthyr , 'Powell 0 4 0 Aberdeen .. 0 2 4 Hawick .. 0 7 0 John Russell » 0 0 8 Chester .. 0 4 0 Nottingham , Bury , J Bury ,. 0 12 0 Sweet „ 0 9 4 £ 1 19 t " . AID FUND . Merthyr , Powell 0 , 1 . 9 4 _SRossiter „ 6 0 4 Gosport ,. 9 2 4 Jno Addison „ 0 10 £ 0 13 0 Land Fund ... ... ... 33 19 4 Expense Fund 1 19 2 Aid Fund ... 013 0 _ £ 36 _JL g Wm . Dixox . _CHRlttTOPBBB DOILB , Thos . Cr . su , ( Cones . Seo . ) Pamir M'S _* _UTa , ( Fln . Seo . ) THE LIBERTY . FUND . BICBIVED BT J . M _' CBAE . Derby , per Wm . Sheffield , J Cavill 0 5 0 Short .. 0 19 0 Wincheiter , & Limehouse _, Mr - _Storgess „ 0 8 0 Ford u 0 10 0 Somers Town , A Friend .. 0 0 6 J Arnott .. 0 5 0 Irvine , Jobn Lower Wariey , _Touail « 0 10 0 J Greenwood 0 5 0 Paisley , F Watson 0 6 . 3 £ t 14 9 N . B . All correspondence , aad monies intended for tba propagation of Chartist principles , to be addressed to Mr S . Kydd , National Land Office , Hfgh Holborn . HECEIVED AT LAND OFFICE . Leamington .. _., ,. »• •» ' 0 t 8 FOR _FAMlLlEiToF VICTIMS . KOIIVED BT W . BIDES .. Portsmouth Sheffield , per R ( Southsea ) per Otley „ 011 6 _ENobbs - _fl 13 6 Huddersfield , per Bradford ( Wilts ) , W Murphy .. 010 8 per C Kendall 0 0 6 Carlisle , Cham-Mr Wilson , bert Warpers , London « 0 0 6 per J _Oilbertson 0 10 0 £ 2 6 2 BSCEIVED At LAND _OIFICE . . Jos Arrington 9 0 6 A Pew Friends , Wm Butchart ,. 0 0 8 Westminster .. 0 18 Ditto , Chelsea 0 16 £ 8 4 2 FOR DR _MDOPALL'S DEFENCE . RECEIVED BY W , RIDKB . Sheffield , per R Otley ..... .. .. 0 0 i 10 EXEMPT KB _rOVSEIX _FBSK OAKOM _PlCHfffl , BECEIVED BT W . BIDXB . Birmingham , Ship Inn , per J Newhouse _.. I I DEFENCE FUND . BICB 1 VEB AT LAWD OFFICE . Mr Elliott „ 6 3 9 Richard Hayes , Dudley M 010 0

      National Land And Labour Bank. The Follo...

      NATIONAL LAND AND LABOUR BANK . The following letter has been received by the Manager of the' National Land and Labour Bank , ' in reply to the circular which has been recently issued to the "depositors in the Bank : — Hall , 2 nd Oct ., 1848 . Dear Sir , —I received your circular , which I laid before our members in due order , and I am bappy to inform you that they are perfectly satisfied with the security of the Bank , and do not intend to withdraw any more money than is accessary for their use ; you must understand that the money is for our local expenses , so that our shareholders who are paid up may be entitled to the Ballot for the whole year in advance ; the money is , therefore , placed in the Bank to be drawn as needed _.

      Several other circulars were produced by members of our Banking Company , and they are every one of them satisfied with the security , as they have every confidence in Mr O'Connor and the Manager under him . I asked for a resolution to withdraw , and was _answered with a universal No ! ' I then asked for a vote of confidence in the Bank , which was unanimously given . Thus let opposition rage and use its influence as it may , we ate determined the thing shall succeed as far as our small means can carry it . Yours respectfully , G . B ., Secretary . To Thomas Price , Esq ., Manager .

      The M'Douall Defence Fund. To Tbs Sditob...

      THE M'DOUALL DEFENCE FUND . TO TBS SDITOB OF THE HOBTBIBR STAB , _Ashton . under-Lyne , 3 rd Oct ., 1848 . Dear Sib , —Insert the following for the expense s of M'Douall , and to assist his wife : — - £ . s . d . I . W . Rider , Stak Office 0 11 6 6 _Tbomas Howartb _, Hareholme ... ... 0 4 11 FOR _M'DCUALL'S WIFE . A few friend * , Nantwicb _, per Ties . Doranny 0 2 8 6

      Ditto , per Tarparley ... ... ... 0 3 6 6 It is now a fortnight since I wrote requesting the ie Chartists of Britain to subscribe something towards is commencing Mrs M'Douall in a small way of busi- liness , to assist her family during her husband's con- afinement , and five shillings from Nantwich is all I I have received . The money she has had from me is nearly ex- xhausted , and I hope the women ( if the men will ill not ) will step in to the rescue , and save this woman an and her family from want .

      The prosecution of the government is bad enough , 5 b , but the ingratitude and cold neglect of our own bady idy is a thousand times worse , and more annoying . _WillFill you not subscribe one penny each ? If not . whathat faith can be put in the Chartists , as a body ? I hope this short appeal will be sufficient to stirstir : the friends of the Doctor throughout the country toy toi assist his unfortunate family . W . _AitKen . i . SSOEIVED BT w . P . ROBERTS , _SBq . Mr John Conlt , Bury , ( M 0 10 ( 0 ( !

      Defence And Victim Fund. Received By W11...

      DEFENCE AND VICTIM FUND . Received by W 11 . Ridib . £ _s . is . d Bradford , Wilts , per C . Kead-. tl ... ... 0 i < 1 _« Bury St Edmund ' s per J . Leggett .,. 0 6 6 C . Smith , Birmingham , per H . Roberts ... 0 1 1 1 Mr Wilson , Lendon ... ... ... 0 0 0 Sheffield , per R . Odey Oil Mr Paulton , Sheffield ... ... ... 0 11 Birmingham , Sbip Inn , per J . Newhouse ... 110 10 A Democrat , Chepstow ... „ . , „ Oil \ Birmingham , ptr W . H . Rudhall ... 0 6 6 Hamilton , Scotland , per A . Walker , „ 10 0 Lincoln , per J . _Budd 0 5 5 Kidderminster , T . Smith „ ... 0 1 1 _Stourrbidge-street _, S . Lyta-ai ... 0 0 0 „ 6 . Barker 0 0 * 0 Ripponden , _pw J . "Wrigley ... ... 0 515 £ i Ot 0

      * The Turn Of 63. 6j. For The Viotime, F...

      * The turn of 63 . 6 J . for the _Viotime _, from Bury Bury Edmund ' s per Mr Leggett was received , and ought eight have appeared in previous list . \ MrB . 0 DHAi . l 1 . —The Ib , sent to Land Office , came came 1 I n ana * too late for acknowledgment last week ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 7, 1848, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_07101848/page/4/