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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th October 1849, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3

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      October 6, 1849. The Northern Star. 3

      October 6 , 1849 . THE NORTHERN STAR . 3

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      The March Of Intellect. Br Rohert M'Qoee...

      THE MARCH OF INTELLECT . Br _ROHERT _M'QOEES . ( From the Democratic Review . ) It came—and its step was light as tbe breath , Of the gentlest zephyr that fawn 3 on the ev * n—It came with a stillness as silent as death , But it breathed a benignity soothing as heaven ; It started—itgaz'd as by stealth , far abroad , It mark'd the deep bondage of vassaliz'd man _. It shrunk and recoil'd , and it marvell'd if God Had sketch'dsueh a doom in the primitive man .

      It came—there were whisp _' rings abroad on the earth , Deep mutter'd , too deep in a mystified tone , Irowns , curses , and threats * , were heard issuing forth , And tortures and shackles were forging anon ; It smil'd on the fetters—it triumph'd in scorn , It _spurn'd the frail arm rear'd only to bind , Its march-hymn afar on the echoes was borne _. Proclaiming the hast ' ning redemption of mind ! * It comes—and its whispers to thunders have

      grown—AU nature elastic bends under its tread ; O ' er ocean and earth its fire-chariots have flown , And the lip of the mighty is _quiverine * with dread ; Corruption , convnfa'd , sees her nostrums turn weak , And nods to Oppression in speechless despair , As the engines roll on , that shall speedily break The chains they had _destin'd the -millions to

      wear . It wnxcome andthe great ones of earth shall turn pale ; The yoke of the bondsman , enfeebled , shall shake ; All tyrants shall join in one desolate wail , And empires * foundations will tremble and quake : Thrones shall crash , and the sceptre , he-clotted with blood , Will shiver to shreds in the hands ' of its lord , And a voice , fierce and awful , will echo aloud , That * - * FaEEDOM , the _BiBiHRMHr of Mak , is _TtESTr tHED . "

      Sonnet To Byron. Despite The Snarling Cr...

      SONNET TO BYRON . Despite the snarling critics of thy day , Despite of slander since thy race was run "Thy name , oh i Byron , -will remain for aye , And shine resplendent as the noontide sun . The meedoffame full fairly hast thou won , And every _cume shall feel thy magic pen ; And as the fleeting years their courses run _. Thy name increase in glory amongst men . Full hi g h thou soar'd above the bigot ' s ken ; Bravely thon dared oppose despotic power : For this thou ' rt hated , bearded in their den , Oppression ' s wolves npon thee grimly lower . No critic spleen , nor priestly hate , can mar The poet ' s fame—it lives alike through peace and war . _Mddlesbro ' _-on-Tees . Geobok _TwzBnna . .

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      The Democratic Review Of British And For...

      THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW OF BRITISH AND FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY , AND LITERATURE . Edited h y Gk Jviaas Basset ; . No . V . October . London : E . Mackenzie , 5 , Wineoffice-court , Fleet-street . As important historical document , -which will iercaftcr he consulted by the Historian , appears in this number of the Democratic Mecitv ) . The article— - "which is from the pen

      ofthe celebrated Victor , _Consideeasx , one -of the proscribed _meaibers of the French National Assembly—is an elaborate review of the famous "Thirteenth of June ; " _thememorable day on which Terror triumphed over Ri ght , and Ledbu Rohev , and his devoted compatriots , were driven into exile . Having described the "State of the Revolution , " _CoysiDEE . _vxT next explains the " Usurpation aud Violation of the Constitution ; " and thus forcibly denounces the

      _JFRACTICWaJ _* . WAH AGAI . _VST THE nOMA . V BEPPBtlCTbis impious war of the parent Republic against ihe noble Republic of Rome , which historically , and within a year ' s time will be none the less its eldest daughter in Europe—it is treachery to the Democratic cause—it is surrendering the Revolution into the hands of Kings—it is a sacrilegious coalition , cemented by the blood of oar hrave soldiers , with the Austrians and tbe Cossacks , with Aristocracies and Monarchies , against the People . History—which will make this act void—will

      "brand it as it will brand those whobave accomplished It ; as it will brand those who have suffered it . It will pronounce that after eighteen years of subterranean policy and anti-revolutionary efforts to creep into the party of kings , M . Guizot , in sending his clandestine armies to the Sonderbnnd , in 1848 , was still at a great distance behind the hero of Strashurg and Boulogne , the former Roman revolutionist and the bombardier of Rome in 1849 . And , in 1847 , Guizot , I / mis Philippe , and their advocates , bad not "before them the articles V . and LY . ofa Democratic andReoublican Constitution .

      Tbe European Revolution betrayed—tbe People yielded u _? to the Kings and their executioners—the ¦ national sovereignty usurped from the Assembl y by an adventurer — the constitution violated and degraded after six months of insolent provocation by the Esecutive and his satellites , and five months of weakness—to say the least—on the part of the Constituent _xlssembly ; this is what the restoration of tiie Bourgeoisie Oligarchy fo power , and its shameful alliance with the sons ofthe emigrants , tbe Jesuits , and the Cossacks have done for France . _Coxsibermji next details the course he proposed to the Mountain , to take "For the Defence ofthe Constitution . " With the following sentiments wemost cordiall y concur : — THE CONSTITUTION AXD " TBE MAJORm _* _- . "

      If the majorities are omnipotent , sacred , holy ; if their will makes right , if their vote legitimates _everythinj * ; . justifies everything , of what use is tho Constitution ? But no : the Constitution is the fundamental compact , the arch _ofprinciplc-i _. theinviolable guarantee of minorities , of tbe rights of all . The Constitution , in its -- "pints and - , rinciples , i 9 the hey-stor _. e of the arch , tiie law of laws , tbe condition on which citizens submit to secondary laws , on which minorities _accept the _government of majorities . If _tlm Constitution is violated bv those who are

      entrusted with its protection , there is no longer any legal government If majorities- , in trampling it -under foot , trample under foot the guarantees of minorities and the rights ofall , their right perishes , their authority is destroyed . They , themselves , break in pieces , as far as they are concerned , all judicial obligations . The people , every fraction of the people , every individual falls back on bis original liberty . The conscience of each becomes the sole rule of his duty ; and the violators of the Constitution , preserving a power which they possess only on the condition of the Constitution , are merely a fraction of the people— that is , a tyrannical faction .

      _Coxsidekaxx ' s account ofthe "Affair at the Conservatory , " differs most widely from the lying and calumnious reports published at the time in the journals , French and English . [ Replying to the calumniators and scoffers , he says : •—Their lying narrations , their grotesque bulletins , ihe factious rage , theassanltsandthesarcasmswhich they scatter , as if from overflowing hands , since their victory of Force over unresisting Right , prove how much it embarrasses them . In fact , to be obliged to involve Right and the Constitution when they have trampled them under foot , to be constrained to wear the mantle of hypocrisy , after such gap 3 have been torn therein that all the world can see through , must be painful even to those used to it .

      Here is my reply to their fury and their insults ; itis short bat let them seek to escape it :- — Either our descent into die street was a pacific manifestation or it was not : if it was pacific , cease your fury . __ If it was an insurrection , _ceaseyourinsults , for never before , hi our times , have political chiefs , legislators , teen seen to descend publicly into Hie street before IHE YICTOHY TO _GTVE , THEMSELVES , TUE SIGNAL OF THE COMBAT . . . . As for myself , when I went , wearing my scarf , to take that place at the head of a manifestation where my duty , as a representative chosen by the city of Paris , most imperative ly called me , I knew that we wonld be treated as factions men by tbe government ,

      and tbe majority . For them tbe violated Comtitu tion—the will of a sovereign Assembly scornedflagrant usurpation—all , are nothing . But to defend the Constitution by a peaceful protestation of tbe National Gnsrd , and of faithful Representatives , that is frightful and criminal . It is not the less true , I repeat , that an Executive Government , and a majority , both violators of the Constitution from whieh they derive their authority are nothing hut a very small fraction of the people _po-sesang an-usurped and tyrannical power ; and if all those who wish that the Constitution should be respected , and , like ns . regard it as violated , had done their duty on the 13 th , as we did , that small fraction of the people in revolt against the Constitu-

      The Democratic Review Of British And For...

      tion would bave returnedI to their al ! e _* _aMe on the Htb , or else would haye been deposed in fact , as in right tbey were alread y on the 12 th , and as in right tbey still are . 6 The entire article occupies 8 ome sixteen pages of the Renew . We can make room only for the following additional paragraph : _ The holy cause wiU soon triumph . I bave never felt a mere luminous faith , a certitude , caE , clearer , fuller . 'Ihe universal deliverance of the People approaches . _Thevictors of the hour have

      S 2 . _fe _^ J _^ JK _^ _W" _* _™** h egotists rather than thoroughly _^ _ed men _, _-j-fae day of Right wiU arrive and that of conciliation willfollow The less blind , while they calumniate us , feel already that they must adopt and realise our ideas , or else they must perish We have gained ground even since the Thirteenth of June . They think they are taking from ns our ideas ; it is our ideas that take them . They are the only _activeaud lasting forces . Let our adversaries use them ; we can wish them nothing more salutary .

      An excellent article b y " One of ' the Men ofthe Future , '" is devoted to the "Peace Congress , and Democratic Progress . " From the continuation ofthe Letters of "Terrigenous , " we take the following : —

      HOW THElANDCAilETO BB APPROPRIATED . __ " One tells us tbat when mankind suffered a particular person to occupy a piece of ground , they by tacit consent , rbmkqdished their Right io ir ; and as the piece of _ground , they say , belonged to mankind collectively , and mankind thus gave up their right to the first peaceable occupier it thenceforward became his _pbopbrtv , and no one afterwards had a right to molest him ! I " " Fine notions truly!—so very generous—so very honest—and above all sovery just ! The high tone of morality and honesty pervading this " account " of one of the _*** best writers" on the subject—the great moral lesson inculcated in each sentence—is so very excessive—so very , very extraordinary ! Of a verity it was a very nice doctrine to send forth to the world , for although it might in some way account to the people how it was that Land was held by

      such a very few individuals , and in such a great number of acres , to the exclusion of all thereat , yet it must he remembered that , like a two edged sword , it cuts two ways , tellin _** * people in so many words ( although unintentionally of course ) that any space of ground , or any house or anything else , which anybody tbought was unoccupied and unappropriated , or rather that thing wbich he should like to be bis own , he had nothing to do hut to ftntet thereupon , and if unopposed , to swearthatit was his , —for the real ownerorowners , had given up , relinquished , forfeited , their right by not being present to oppose tbe individuals entry thereon ! What a preposterous idea!—what a monstrous doctrine ! Some people , and some landed property , would , methinks , be in a state of very great insecurity , were this doctrine acted upon by the landless millions' . Pale--, himself , raises the following objection to thi monstrous doctrine ••—

      "The objection to tbis ' account , ' u that consent can never be presumed from silence , where the persons whose consent is required , knows nothing about t / tematter ; which must have been the case with ( mind !} all mankind , except the neighbourhood ofthe place where the appropriation was made ! And to suppose that the piece of ground belonged to the neigbourhood , and that they had a just power of conferring a right to it upon whom they pleased , is to suppose thequestionresolved and a partition of Land to have already takenplace !"

      This objection surely is decisive enough—besides it goes a very long way , for it makes all men proprietors of the earth at one time , and thus admits the universal title originally ! But still the " objection , " or the reverend divine himself , might have gone a step further . He might have reflected that all dten living , was not all that should live;—¦ that if the Land was then necessary for all mankind , it would be as equally necessary for aK to come ;¦—that as mankind held it jointly originally , and on that _acco-mt the _conMitC of all then living was essentially requisite before a single appropriation conld take place , that the consent to such appropriation of evert' man then to be born , was as absolutely essential _, and must be obtained , before the individual title

      to it could bave the least semblance of validity ! If tbe _reveread divine had thought of this , or proclaimed it—if he bad reflected npon tbe matterthe affair wonld bave been settled at once , and he might have saved himself the trouble into the bargain of giving us his own strong account of the matter with which he afterwards favours us , and for the making way for which , I presume , was the reason that he gathered these " accounts" and then placed the " objections" after tbem to destroy them ! The man who could see , and set forth , tbat the consent o all mankind living in many ages back was necessary to render a single act of appropiation a valid one , could not fail to see that the consent of every individual to bb horn was as indispensably necessary !

      A brief . but well-written article on " British Slavery , " is followed by a continuation of the exposition ofthe "Principles and Projects of Louis _Blajtc , " from which we extract the following : —

      _UXIIlflTED _COMPETrtlON—ITS BEARING ON LIBERTY Competition , that pits the rich against the poor , the crafty speculator against the simple art zan , the nailed warrior against the unarmed hind , tbe vigor ous athlete against the shaking paralytic . And this incessant disorderly collision of weakness with strength , this oppressive anarchy , this invisible tyranny of circumstances , which no palpable tyranny of man ever exceeded in cruelty . . . . this is what is called Freedom ? Whatfreedom to develop his intellectual life has the poor man ' s child , who , turned aside by hunger from tbe road to school , hastened to sell soul and body at the next cotton-mill , to eke out with a few daily half pence his father's scanty gains ? What freedom to secure tbe conditions of his toil has the workman who perishes by the mere protraction of the debate ?

      What freedom to secure his existence against the risks of a homicidal lottery , has the operative who , in the oonfused clashing of so many individual efforts , is reduced to dependence—not on his own provident wisdom , but on each of the disorders naturally engendered by competition : on a distant failure , on the cessation ofa demand , on the discovery ofa machine , on the closure of a workshop , on an industrial panic , or on a stoppage of work ? What freedom to sleep elsewhere than on the pavement has the unemp ' oyed and homeless artizan ? What freedom to preserve her chastity unstained has the poor man ' s daughter , who when work fails hasno other alternative but starvation or dishonour ? Let us not play with wor ds like sophists or rhetoricians ; let us probe _thes-J questions to the bottom . Who is the slave ?

      The slave is one who , lacking raiment , food , and lodging , sleeps on tbe step 3 ofa vacant palace . The slave is the wretch who is punished for imploring with outstretched hand the succour of the rich : —the houselets wanderer imprisoned for daring to rest by the way side . The slave is the unfortunate whom hunger condemns to theft , till society condemns him to the hulks . The slave is tbe father , who sends his young son to breathe the poisoned air of some deleterious manufacture : —andthe son , who sends his old father to end hi 3 days at the hospital . The slave is the poor man ' s child sent to a factory at six years of age ;—and the poor' man ' s daughter , who barters her virtue for bread at sixteen .

      The slaves are those who , as at Lyons , inscribe on their banners " To live working , or die fighting ; —and who , having done so , fight and die . * * * * But , it is objected the poor man has the right to ameliorate his position . And what matters this right , if nine times in ten , itis unaccompanied by the power ? What matters it to the siek man who is left to perish , that he bas the right to be cured r it is with these pretended rights that the people are abused . Uiont is bnt the metaphys cal and dead protection which has been wrongfully substituted for the real and living _protecfisn that the people have a right to elaim . Right , pompously proclaimed in the -sterile charters , has but served to mask the barbarity of individualism , and of tbe abandonment of the poor . It is hy defining liberty as a right , tbat politicians have brought

      them-elves to regard as free , men groaning in the double bondage of hunger aud of ignorance . Let us declare it then , once for all : Liberty consists , not only in the conceding to every man tbo Right but also in giving him the powbr to develop his faculties under the empire of justice , and under the _guarantee of law . __ And this , be it observed , is no vain distinction ; its sense is profound , its scope is immense . For let it be once admitted that man in order to he free , needs the power to exercise and develope its faculties , it follows tbat society owes to each of its members that instruction without whieh the human intelligence cannot unfold itself , and those implements of labour without which human activity cannot be brought into play . Now , how can society succeed in furnishing each of its members with suitable instruction , and with necessary implements ? This can be accomplished , as in a future letter I will _demonstrate , only bv a carefull y elaborated system of Association .

      Civilisation has another step to make upon tbe road of _progress . The common people , thanks to the diffusion of knowledge and the efforts of the human mind , have successively ceased to be slaves—to be serfs—to be vassals ; they must now cease to be hirelings . Three specimens of ultra-democratic poetry , precede a continuation of _tnebistory of ' The

      The Democratic Review Of British And For...

      Hungarian Struggle , " embracing tho g lorious period between the first of January , and the first of Jane , 18-19 , when " for a moment victorious , free , and independent , Hungary defied her implacable foes , " " and the Hungarian tri-colour floated triumphantly throughout the length and breadth of the land . '' An address by the Editob , chiefly on the deaths ofthe Martyrs Sharp and Williams , concludes the contents of this number of the Democratic Review .

      The Operatives Free Press. Conducted By ...

      The Operatives Free Press . Conducted by Working men . Cambridge : J . Nichols , Fitzroy-equare . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row . We have received Nos . 1 and 2 ( September-October ) , of a new " monthly journal of Labour , Politics , and Education , " conducted by Proletarians ; and—strange but true—published in that sink of ( intellectual ) iniquity , Cambridge ! What next ? Talk of "reaction ! " Old Mother Church will look upon this as reaction with a vengeance . AVe shall not be surprised to learn , ere long , that the

      banner of heterodoxy has been raised even within the walls of orthodox Oxford . Indeed it will be a shame to the democrats of that place if they allow themselves to be outstripped by the innovators of the rival " seat of learning . " Surel y this _comesofsetingup Byron ' s statue in the University . The saints had far better have let well alone , and permitted the statue to have found its intended repose in Westminster Abbey . London was already lost , bnt Cambridge was yet orthodox ; now that holy place seems destined to follow in the wake of tho " great metropolis . " Surely

      " The kirk is in ruins , the state is in jars , " when an Operatives Free Preis is published in the pious and prelatical town of Cambrid ge . There are some creditable articles in the numbers before us , What will the IJniversit ) " nobs" say to the followin g

      specimens?—CONTENTMENT . We are sagely exhorted to be contented , and to feel _grateful to our rulers and masters for being permitted to live at all . We are grateful , very ! . ' No one knows how grateful we are ; but how could they ? for we have not cared to write ourselves down asses , and " our superiors" ( those drones in the hive of industry ) keep us at so respectful a distance , that we cannot even whisper it to them ; —but tbe good time is coming , when education will

      have done its glorious point , and the operative , strong in the possession of mental power , and bold in defence of his rights , which are his inalienably , shall -confront his oppressor , and tell him in language not to be drowned by the music of jingling purchase money , or hushed by the voice of intimidation , how much gratitude glows in his bosom for all past favours , and how much pleasure it gives him to say , that for the future , he hopes to be able to dispense with all occasions for gratitude .

      HEREDITARY GOVERNMENT . Class government is bad in any shape , but in tbis form it is most obnoxious . A class of men claim to govern the destinies cf this great nation—rendered great not by the deeds ef its aristocracy , but by the enterprise and genius of its people—because , forsooth , their fathers did so before thera . They offer no other qualification . Perhaps they may tell us that they derive those mental qualities which may fit them for government , by descent from their long and noble line of ancestors ; even admitting that this mi ght be the case , for the sake of argument , though common sense revolts at the idea , their ancestors were not created nobles , in the creat

      majority of instances , for their wisdom or their learning ; but from some scene of violence and bloodshed , in which they acted a conspicuous part . The traditions wbich their titles carry with them , are not of shining talents , and philanthropic actions ; but of deeds of blood , spoliation , and desolation . An hereditary aristocracy ! Let us complete the farce by following" the suggestion of Thomas Paine , by making the office of poet-laureate descend from father to son through all posterity ; for surely poetry , like learning , is hereditary too . The only hereditary system which we cau acknowledge is the right of self-government ; it is a man ' s birthright , which no enactment can alienate , or force destroy ,

      THE EVIIi AND THE CURE . We work in factories under the most stringent regulations . Our producing power is organised to aid machinery in producing those amazing results of skill which are so familiar to our eyes , but so foreign to our possession . We are by no means tbe first to raise the question "Cannot we become capitalists as well as producers , and thereby combine in our own selves these two distinct and antagonistic classes of society . " Wherever this

      principle is at all recognised and acted upon the result is most cheering . We ask our brethren of the forge , tho loom , the plough aud the coalmine , to become intelligent , and let the great question of labour receive the most anxious consideration , for upon it depends our future destiny as a class . Let us not be behind our nei ghbours the French , who have made considerable progress in the consideration of this question , much moro perhaps than we have done ; but let us look our foe fearlessly in the face , and by increased and increasing intelligence and morality , seek practically and for ever to put an end to the secret enemy that devours us .

      Although the tone of the writers in this publication is somewhat too moderate for our liking , we cordially welcome then * "journal . " and wish it all success in its advocacy of our common principles , and our common cause .

      The Miner's Doom. (From A Poetical Colle...

      THE MINER'S DOOM . ( From a Poetical Collection entitled The Emigrant , and other Poems . By H . Fawcett , Castle Eden Colliery . _Newcastle-upon- Tyne : T . Dodds , Gl , Grey street . ) Air : — " _Misletoe Bough . " Arous'd by the caller ' s well-known voice , Near midni & ht , calling—* ' It ' s time , my boys ;" The old andthe young at the sound arise , And each to his dreary toil quick hies . But little they thought in descending the mine , Ko more tbe'd see the bright sunshine , 0 the slaves of the mine , The slaves of tbe mine !

      "Now down the deep shaft , far out of sight , They toil , with a dimly burning light ; Far , far from meadows and rivers clear , They ' re breathing a noxious atmosphere . The dangers they brave , the world seeth not , It sighs o er tlieir doom , but soon they ' re forgot 0 the slaves , & c . 0 sudden and sad is the miner ' s doom , See ! the clouds which up yon shaft now como ; Thc alarm is given—she ' s fired ! they cvy , To the shaft I to thc shaft ! all quickly fly . The mother exclaims , in anguish wild , " My son I my son ' . my darling child !" 0 the slave ** , & c .

      " 0 mother , yon little mourner doth cry , " Will not father come to me by-and-bye . " " No more he'll return , my only joy , Thy father is gone , thou ' rt an orphan boy , "No more he'll hear thy pratling tongue , Place thee to sleep with a soothing song . " 0 the slaves , & c . The aged father he toro his air , No words he uttered , he looked despair ; His son was slain , like the mi g hty oak , When shattered by the _lightning stroke . Cut off in the flower of youthful bloom , The deep drear mine is his early tomb . 0 the slaves , Ac .

      See , yonder maiden in silent grief , 3 _To tears now come to her relief ; They'd fix'd the day to form for ever , The bond , which only death can sever . No more his active limbs now move , No more he'll smile upon his love . 0 the slaves , & c . Now struggles the miner to better his state , May bc triumph in a cause so great . Though yet he may toil in the darksome mine , Away . ' away ! from the brig ht sun-shine . Yet kind , and just , and equal laws , Will happiness bring to tbe miner ' s cause . 0 the slaves , & c .

      Dr. Kiso, Late Medical Officer To The La...

      Dr . Kiso , late medical officer to the land expedition in search of Sir J . Ross , in his recent lecture on the undertaking of Sir John Franklin , gave it as his opinion that not a vestigo of the expedition would be found . Sir James Ross , it is true , was found after an absence of four years , but Sir John Franklin has been absent about five years -and there was tbis difference , tbat whereas Sir i . Koss had with him but twenty-three men , Sir J . Franklin bad 126 , for whom it would be difficult to find subsistence in the Arctic regions . An Aldebuamc Plouohsian . —At the Lichfield Agricultural Dinner , on Wednesday week , the chairman ( Lord Alfred Paget , M . P . ) begged to announce that they had a new acquisition to the society in the person of Alderman Copeland , and he had authority to state tbat the worthy alderman challenged any member of the society to plough with him —( laughter)—for any amount upon receiving fourteen day ' s _nolioe . ( Cheers . )

      Sunshine And Shadow; A Tale Of The Ninet...

      SUNSHINE AND SHADOW ; A TALE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTUM . _» r THOMAS MABTI . V WHEELEli , Late Secretary to thc National Charter Association and National Land Company .

      _Chafter XXVII . Slaves , toil no more ! Why delve , and moil , and pine , To glut the tyrant forgers of your chain ? Slaves , toil no more ? Up from the midnight mine , Summon your swarthy thousands to the plain ; Beneath thc bright sun marshalled , swell the strain Of Liberty ; and while the lordlings view Your banded hosts , with stricken heart and brain , Shout , as one man , *•• Toil we no more renew , Until the many cease their slavery to the few !"

      Slaves , toil no more I Despite their boast , e ' en Kings Must cease to sit in pride , without your toil ; Spite of their sanctity , the surplic'd things Who , through all time , have thirsted to embroil Man with his nei ghbour , and pollute the soil Of holiest mother earth with brothers ' gore : Join but to fold your hands , and yc will foil To utter hel plessness ; yea , to the core , Strike their pale craft with paler death . Slaves , toil no ' more ! For that these words of truth I boldly spake To Labour ' s children , in their agony Of wan t and insult ; and , like men awake After drugged slumbers , they did wildlyflee To do they knew not what , until with glee The cellar ofa Christian priest they found , And with its poison fired their misery To mad revenge ; swift hurling to the ground And flames , bed , cassock , wine-cup of tho tippler gowned .

      For that I boldly spake these words of truth , And the starved multitude to fury wrought , By sense of injury , and void of ruth , Bushed forth to deeds of recklessness ; but naught Achieved of Freedom ; since nor plan , nor thought Their might directed . For this treason foul 'Gainst evil tyrants , I was hither brought A captive , ' mid the vain derisive howl Of some who thought the iron now should pierce my soul ! Thomas Cooper .

      While these scenes were being enacted in the North , tho League emissaries had produced a similar result in Staffordshire ; labour was universall y abandoned , upwards of 30 , 000 colliers were on strike in Hanley , Burslem , Lane-End , Stoke-upon-Trent , and nearly every town in the district . The shops were closed , and one universal holiday prevailed here , as in the North ; so long as the Charter was kept on the back ground , so long did the great League masters secretly abet the strike ; but when Thomas Cooper , Ellis , Itichards , and other Chartists defeated the League plot , and made it a purely Democratic movement , then were the terrors ofthe law launched out against the rioters ; blood flowed freely in several encounters , which the exasperated

      people were driven into with the police and military ; still their numbers were so overwhelming that the military , fatigued and harrassed with marching and countermarching , could not avoid their holding complete possession of Hanley , Shelton , and other towns in tho district ; and , unfortunately , the prudent counsels ofthe Chartist leaders were not attended to , for , in thc madness of revenge they fired the houses of several of the obnoxious gentry in the neighbourhood , including that of the Rev . E . Atkins , and , brutalised with the wine with which his cellar was stored , many of the rioters fell victims to their madness , and perished in the flames . This state of things could not long exist ; Cooper left for Manchester , to attend the Convention , and ,

      arrested at Burslem , was fortunately discharged , though ultimately he received two years' imprisonment , and narrowly escaped that transportation to which Ellis , and many other good men were doomed , for a presumed participation in this destruction of property . Hundreds were condemned to various periods of imprisonment , and proscription and terror fell with annihilating influence upon the Chartist body , who had to bear the whole weight of magisterial and government prosecution , combined with League malice and persecution . Thus ended the League drama , bringing destruction upon thousands , who , though not blinded to its treachery , yet thought themselves powerful enough to turn it to their own holier purpose ; experience proved the

      fallacy of this hope , and the oppressors of labour again triumphed . On the Sunday following , the 16 th of August , Arthur Morton , after three years' absence , again arrived in London ; misery and disappointment sat heavy at bis heart , for he had been no idle spectator of these exciting events . Fortunately , for his personal safety , he was unknown * , and , thus taking no responsible position he escaped that danger in which too * many ofthe active spirits in the Chartist movement were involved ; circumstances , however , had introduced him to some -members of thc Executive Committee , and being about to start for the Metropolis he was charged with a confidential communication to the Secretary of the Metropolitan Delegate Committee , at tbat

      period , next to the Executive Committee , the most important organised body in tho movement . On inquiry he was conducted by a friend to a long narrow room , up a flight of stairs , in that portion of thc town called tho Old Bailey , opposite the celebrated Newgate Prison . The clock had just struck three , and the chair being taken , about fifty delegates answered to their names—tho room , capable of holding about 200 , being densely crowded with spectators . Communication after communication was received , detailing tho posture of affairs in the North , and tho dispersion of the members of the Executive Committee . Reports were also received of the various meetings whicli had heen nightly hold in the metropolis , and arrangements mado for tbeir

      continuation . The most unbounded enthusiasm prevailed , which even tbe reverses , throughout the country , seemed only to increase . Aware of the necessity of an accredited head , a pro tern . Executive of five persons was elected until such time as the fate of tlieir late leaders should become known , and an address passed , couched in terms ofthe most daring defiance , to thc government . William Cuffay was a prominent actor in this body ; appointed by acclamation to the newly-formed Executive , he for thc first timo attracted the attention of Arthur Morton , who gazed with unfeigned admiration upon the high intellectual forhead and animated features of this diminutive Son of Africa ' s _dosniscd and iniured race . Never during his

      residence cither in tho West Indies or America had hc met with such an intelligent specimen of tiie coloured race , born in England . Though the son ofa West Indian and the grandson of an African slave , he spoke the English tongue puve and graniattcal , and with a degree of ease and facility which would shame many who boast of the purity of their Saxon or Norman descent . Possessed of attainments superior to tbe majority of working meu , he had filled , with honour , the highest offices ofhis trade society . Was an auditor , and one of the Executive-Committee of the Ancient Order of Druids ; and had tbat day been elevated by thc unsought voices ofhis fellow-men to the highest office in the Chartist ranks , who knew that in the hour of

      danger no man could be more depended on than William Cuffey—a strict disciplinarian , and a lover of order—ho was firm in thc discharge of his duty , even to obstinacy * , yet in his social circle no man was more polite , good-humoured , and affable , which caused his company to be much admired and earnestly sought for—honoured and . respected by all who knew him . Alas , poor Cuffay ! the enthusiasm ofthe moment—the madness ofthe hour—hath driven thee to pass the remainder of thy days under the ban of society—a transported felon—yet am I proud to acknowledge that I was once honoured with the felon ' s friendship—tbat I shared thy noble enthusiasm , and that fortuitous circumstances alone , in all probability , saved me from sharing in thy

      late . I acknowledge that it was madness that brought thy fate upon thee ; but it was a noble , a god-hke inadness—a spark of that electric fire which _shoek the dynasties of Europe to its extremest bounds—that caused the olden power of monarchy to tremble and bite the dust—that created , by its magical breath , a race of free men and free institutions , and caused Old Time almost to suspend his flight to gaze in admiring wonder upon its glorious march . Yes , Cuffay , should these lines ever meet thine eyes in thy far-distant home , yes , my friend , though thou hast fallen—thou hast fallen with the great and noble of the earth . In every land the dungeon encloses the bodies ofthe free . But their spirits yet float in the air , anxiously searching an abiding home . In every land thc earth is red with the blood of those who , like thee , were afflicted with this glorious madness , and their yet wet blood cries aloud to Heaven and their

      fellow-men for vengeance . The noble structure of freedom , whicli seemed to rise in such grand and fair proportions before thc eyes of an astonished world , is swept from the face ofthe earth , and all lands again groan in darkness and in misery . But faint not , mine old companion , the darkness of the present time will but render more intense the glowing li ht of the future . Tho experience now learnt will but sharpen our weapons for tho conflict that must again , ere long , rouse the world . But we digress from ouv tale , —Arthur Morton speedily became intimate with Cuffay and other active London democrats , and assisted in keeping alive that spirit of enthusiasm which existed in London during this period , and which was the more beneficial to the cause persecution and imprisonment had so thinned tbo ranks in the northern and midland eounties , that Chartism might be said to sleep the sleep of death . The establishment , by Mr . O'Connor , of tho Evening Star newspaper , tended greatly to promote the spread of Chartism in London ; and the

      Sunshine And Shadow; A Tale Of The Ninet...

      appearance of several female orators on the Chartist platforms , by attracting curiosity and the strictures ofthe press , also gave increased publicity to Chartist princi ples , and made it a subject matter of common conversation . Whether tho labours of those female orators were beneficial or not tothe cause we leave others to decide . Daring bis attendance at the London meetings Arthur was particularl y struck with the enthusiasm , good sense , and propriety displayed by the numerous females who attended these gatherings , and argued well for the future success of the movement from tbis , to him , auspicious event . ( To It continued . )

      Vmttm-

      _vmttM-

      Tnu Cheap Dinner.—In 1812, A Traveller C...

      _Tnu Cheap Dinner . —In 1812 , a traveller called at the White Hart tavern , at —— , in Hampshire , and ordered them to get him a dinner worth bis money . The landlord thinking thiB would be a profitable customer , set before him a most excellent repast , consisting of ail tho delicacies of the season , to which the traveller did ample justice . When he had finished , the landlord presented his "little bill , " and the traveller tendered him a sixpence . " How is this f" replied the host , " your Sinner comes to 15 s . 9 d . " "No , " answered the other , " I expressly ordered a dinner worth my money , and I assure you this sixpence is all the money I have

      in the world , the landlord , finding that he was victimised , thought it was useless to argue the matter any further , and consented to be the loser , on this condition : viz ., that tho guest should go and cheat the landlord of the Red Lion ( his enemy ) , ofa dinner , likewise . "My good man , " said the other , " I cheated him ofa hreafcfast this morning , and he gave me fivo shillings to p ay you a visit . " A Mum holds a lady ' s hand without squeezing it . A spoon meets a lady ' s lips without kissing them . Laconic—Over a door in Tanter-street , Staffordstreet , Birmingham , is the following : —> The public good Is here intended ; New boots made , And . old ones mended .

      Sheridan ' s "Pizabro . "—Mr . Pitt was accustomed to relate very pleasantly an amusing anecdote of a total breach of memory in some Mrs . Lloyd , a lady , or nominal housekeeper , of Kensington Palace . " Being in company , " he said , " with Mr . Sheridan , without recollecting him , while 'Pizarro ** was the topic of discussion , she said to him , 'And so this fine "Pizarro" is printed V ' Yes , so I hear , ' said Sherry . 'And did you ever in your life read such stuff ? ' cried she . ' Why I helieve it ' s bad enough , ' quoth Sherry ; ' but at least , madam , you must allow it ' s very loyal . * ' Ah ! ' cried she , shaking her head— ' loyal ? you don't know its author as well as I do . '" The New York Literary World , in a chapter on names , observes , " Shoemakers' spouses should be

      Peggies ; gamblers' ladies , Bets ; and Sue , would be just the wife for an attorney ; Sophies should be ofa _sedativo disposition , and confectioners' wives should always be Patties . Sometimes a name trill excite remark . All the papers copied the marriage of Henry Apple and Sarah Apple , hut we could see no impropriety in the making of two apples into ono pair . " Exhibition op Arts and _Manupactukks of all Natioss . —Tho arrangements for the monster exposition in London of arts aud manufactures of all nations , projected by Prince Albert , are going on vigorously . It is proposed to be held in the year 1851 , and that premiums to the extent of £ 20 , 000 should be given for inventions or improvements . An erection in Hyde Park is talked of , a mile and a half lona .

      Iknaciiy op Life . —An advertiser in tho Times , of Thursday , tells Emilie tbat her "desertion has broken his heart , " but he gives his address "for a week longer" to the lodgings where he means to he ! Emilie , we see , responded amiably on Friday , so that it is to be hoped tho wound is healed by this timo . Proper Names not Proper . —One of tho penny imitators of our weekly Pasquin warns people against assuming the name of Smith after it has heea tarnished by Louis Philippe and Mrs . Manning ; but what are they to do who already hear the name—if name that can be called which individual designation is none , as little as the Gentile name of the Itomans ? A rich man can -procure a _chanee of

      name , or acquire tho right to add another to his own—as Mr . Bernal became Mr . Osborne , and Dr . Kay is Mr . Kay Shuttle worth ; but a Smith of moderate means must remain Smith to the end of his days . "What ' s in a name ? " asks the love-sick g irl ; but men of the world know that there is much in it , although the distribution of names has been peculiarly fortuitous . Some anomalies in the history of names arc very fantastical . We have never learned why the Participazio famil y of Venicewhere family surnames first appear in regular use —at one time adopted a practice of alternating that name with Badoer , and ultimately adopted tbe latter , wholly dropping the original name , nor why the ducal _Candi ' ano became Sanuto . In England

      we have haa similar anomalies : one son in a family suddenly appearing with a new name unexplained . Names have belonged to families and races from timo immemorial , like some ancient names in Italy , the _Giustiniani for instance , * they have been derived from places , as an endless number of English family surnames ( wo do not mean baronial titles ) , like Pcndlebury , Ashton , Hyde , Kent , Devonshire , < fcc . ; from nameless places , ns Stiles , Fieidsend ; from offices , as Constable , Tipstaff ; from trades , as Butcher , Smith , Taylor ; from personal peculiarities , as Longshanks , Strongith _' arm . These last have often heen burlesque perversions , as a big man gets called Little , and a little man Largo . Nicknames in early days and "free" were often broad llli

      enough , often annoying from mere triviality , sometimes indecent . The most philosophic of men cannot like to be called Bawbone , Shave , Cow , Golightly , Waddle , Body , Pccbody , Li g htbody , Cuckoo , Chin , Sneozum , Potts , _Tcnny , Pinches , Gotobed , Popkins , Bugg , or Chawmuffin , to say nothing of names which are equivoques or outspoken indecencies , or names polluted by criminal associations , wbich must be brazened or slurred over . It must have a bad moral effect to be called by a name which habitually raises a stave of wonder , a suppressed smile of ridicule , or a blush of shame . In France a man may by custom take tho name of the land he possesses ; in some countries a man may take his wife ' s name after his own , and then tO drop tho half of the joint name is a licenco not

      unused . In this country John Bull is John Bull to the end of the chapter , unless he can buy thc royal leave to he called Front-dc-B <» uf , ov some other Norman appellative . Ifc would bc easy to pass a general law , by which , under proper checks against trivial or improper changes—such as duo notice and a moderate lee —persons hearing objectionable names might alter tliem , and record the change at the general register office— Spectator . Naturalists tell us of ono advantage wliich instinct has over genius , evinced in thc construction ofa bird ' s nest , inasmuch as _the-first nest built by a bird of any species was as perfect as nests constructed at this day aro . Purgatory Taught by me " English _Cuimcumas . "—Tn a review of a book entitled " Discourses

      ou the Life of Christ , " by the Kev . W . De Burgh , tho English Churchman says : — " We do not agree with the author , where he maintains that believers go directly to heaven after death . It is well known that Bishop Pearson , and indeed all our sound divines , are ofthe opposite opinion . " A Western Paper records the marriago of Mr . Timothy Strange to Miss ltebecca True . Veil , this seems strange , but nevertheless 'tis true ; it seems true , but nevertheless is strange . A DELICATE ANSWER TO A DELICATE QUESTION . " Dear ladye fair , wilt thou bo mine , I'll love thee all my life ; Love , answer mc—say , wilt thou bo My happy , blessed wife ?"

      Now what d ye think the maid replied—In such a case , pray , now would you ? She looked upon thc tender youth , And said , "I ' m blessed if I do . " A class was reciting a lesson in metaphysicsthe chapter , on movites operatives on the human wiU—when a mackerel vendor went by , shouting , "Mackerel , fine fresh mackerel ! " Suddenly disturbed by the noise , the master inquired of the class what _moti-uc thc man liad for making such a noise . No answer being given , he said they must be dea f as haddocks , and flat as flounders , notto perceive that it was a sell-fish motive . Blundering Infectious . — Mr . Charles Knight having gone over to Ireland to sec that part of " The Land wc Live in , " and collect materials for part XXV , " Dublin and its Environs , " tells us of St . Valerie , the scat of Sir Philip Crompton , one of ihe most charming places in Great Britain !

      A Falling off !—At the sale of the effects of the late Mr . Nicholson , brother-in-law to Mr . Hudson , at York , last week , a portrait of thc _es-railwny king was put up , and the first bidding for it was sixpence . It was ultimately knocked down to one of thc family for ten shillings . How are the mighty fallen ! A Curious Definition . — It is well-known tbat clergymen in Scotland often form the subject of comment . Their peculiarities , their failings , their abilities are freely and unsparingly criticised . A minister , resident not quite a thousand miles from

      tbis place , whose stock of sermons and ideas is somewhat meagre , and who is , consequently , under tho painful necessity of now and again serving up the same dish , was some time ago the top ic of conversation between two of liis flock : " John , what do you think of our minister ? " asked the one . " Somo folk like him gay an' weel , " evasively replied John . " But what is your ain opinion , John ? again asked thc other . " Weel , if ye man hao my opinion , " said John , "I think that the lad deals m . the sma' grocery line , and he has a' tho goods in the shop window . "

      Tliere Ir Mankind Arc Liable To One Disease More Than Another,

      tliere Ir Mankind arc liable to one disease more than another ,

      Ad00316

      or w are any particular nneclions or Hie ftuman WW *** we require to have a knowledge of over the rest , it is ce »» _tntttfy that class of disorders treated of in tlio new and im . proved edition of the "Silent Friend . " The authors , ia Um-t sending forth to the world another edition of their medical work , cannot refrain from expressing their gratiU fication at the continual success attending tbeir ett ' orts _^ whicli , combined witli tho assistance of Medicines , exclu « lively of their own _prcjiaration , have been the happy causa of mitigating and averting the mental and physical miseriea attendant on those peculiar disorders ; thus provine the fact ,

      Ad00318

      THE POPULAR REMEDV . _PAES'S- LIFE PILLS . ¦ _" _^• _l ll * _^§ _pfit _^ l _^__ _)^^^ _f _i _^ p _^ _^ _' _^ _- J ' i ' _-i- _^ ' _^ ' _\^ _- _^ Pavr introduced to King Charles I . —( See " Life and Times of Thomas Van ; " wbich may be had gratis of all Agents . ) The Blood . — To n person who has at all studied tlie organisation of the human system , the circulation of the blood will necessarily appear one of its most interestingand essential principles . When we reflect , for iltl _lllStltnt , on the astonishing manner In which this crimson current shoots from the main spring of the heart ; when we _con-iider it coursiu *! vapuily through its various channels , and . branching out into a thousand different directions and complicated windings , for the nourishment of the frame ; we cannot avoid being moved by an involuntary thrill of astonishment : — "And we exclaim , while wc survey the plan , — How wonderful tliis principle in man !"

      The Seed-Ijed Of Crime.-" Thousandsiof C...

      The Seed-ijed of Crime .- " Thousandsiof children , " says a writer in the Daily News , "between seven rears and fourteen crowd tlio streets of London , samples of them turn up m plenty at a I our _ra-wed schools , who are either orphans , foundlings , or tl » e children of criminal parents , who have deserted them or been removed from the country by force ; these know no friends and havo no occupation . They live on tho pave , and sleep in thc gutter ? . A doorway is a luxury which is denied to them by a vigilant police . As to employment , they sell

      matches , fusees , tapes , fruit , and so forth in tho streets , or hold horses nnd sweep the steps cf omnibuses . B'iyond these acts they do littlo that is useful in tho way of industry . " Wo encountered an affecting confirmation , of these words otily a few days since . In thc report of the deaths from cholera collected for tbe lleg istrar-General , we observed tbo following : — "M . ( eleven years of age ) , parent unknown , a casual pauper , cholera , nine hours , Sept . Oth . Taken in from Orange-street , half-starved , stomach full of blackberries . llow tra « ic in its brevity l Truly a " powerfully written volume in a sentence ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 6, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_06101849/page/3/