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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th April 1850, Edition 3 of 3, Page 4

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    • Co comgpoifflaiitf* *'
    • THE NORTHERN STAR. SATKttDAY. APRIL 6, tHSO.
  • Adverts (17)
  • Text (9)
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      Far Fromtothe Earth ' Andoverwhelmed Pau...

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      _^^ ARMAND BARBES . * THE BEMOCRATIC & SD SOCIAL REPUBLIC . & JULIAN HARNEY has the pleasure of annonndr _^ that he " has _receired from Paris a number of copies ofa superb portrait of the iucorruptible aailsuff _.-i-imr patriot Barbes . The engraving beautifully executeu . and the likeness warranted . Price ls . 6 d . G . J . IL bas also received copies of a series of lithograpic prints descriptive ot tlie foundation . and _progress ofthe Universal Democratie and Social Republic , l'rice 2 s . each . The immense superiori _' y of French over English _lithograpliy is - » _tcU known , aud these lithographs are perhaps the mo ; t beautifiil . ever published in I ' aris . To be appreciated they must be seen . Every democrat should possess these _mmgnifipent and invaluable compositions . To be had _onlj of G . Juliau Harney ; Mr . J . Watson , 3 , Queen *< s Head Passage , _Talernester Kow ; Mr . Truelove , bookseUer , John-street , Tottenham Court Road ; and Mr . Packer , 53 , Great James street , _Lisson-grove .

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      THE FUND FOll THE WIDOWS A 3 SD OiiriiASS OF WILLIAMS AND S 11 ARR A TEA _ilEETING IN AID OF THE Xl Jibove fimd ( and to celebrate the second anniversai-j of the memorable 10 th of April , 1848 ) , will take place in the KATIOXAL IIALL , 2 « . HIGH _ttOLDOUS , On _"WEDJXESDAY , _ATRIL lOia , After the Tea A PUBLIC _MEETING "Will Ih lie-Id , at which the advocates of democratic and social progress are hereby _inrik-d to attend . Tea on the table at Sis , and the Publie Meeting to commence at Eight o _' elock . William Davis in the Chair .

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      • 36 , REGENT STRSET , LAMBETH . JAMES GRASSBY * takes this opportunity of informing his numerous friends , that he carries on thehnsiness of CABPESTERand JOINER , at the above address , in aU its branches , and assures those friends whoniattaveurhim with tlieir patronage and support , that Jill work executed by him , shall be of the best desenjv lion of workmanship and materials , which , combined tvith the strictest economy in charges , and punctuality-n Tbusiness , he trusts will ensure him their favours . Estimates given for all kinds of work in the building line * alterations , repairs , shop fronts , fixtures , ia , _exfica _' edih the best pos _> ib ! e style , and at the lowest charge forCafh ; If . B . —Reut _coUector , and General House _Agrcit ; observe thi address , _Jami-s GiussBr , 96 , Regent-street , _"LamLsllL

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      _OtlGRATION TO NORTH AMERICA . WT APSCOTT AND CO ., SHIPPING » and _Emigration Agents , Liverpool , continue to despatch First Class Ships—To NSW YORK—eveiT Five _Dars . To _> EW ORLEANS—everv Ten Days . To BOSTON and PttlLA . DELrHIA-e . Yer ** Fifteen Days . - And occasionally to BALTIMORE , CHAULl _* STOX , _SAYASSAO , QUEBEC , ana St JOHNS . Drafts for any amount at _sighJ , on Ifetv York , payable in any part ofthe United States . Taj _' _-scorfs ** Emigrant ' s Guide" sent free , on receipt of "Pour Postage Stamps . 1 * 3 ?* About _twenty-eitrht thousand perso ailed for the _IfeH World , in Tapscott ' s line of _AmericanP-K : kets , inlS 49-

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      _BROTUKH CHARTISTS . EUPTUE 3 " : S EFFECTUALLY SECURED by Professor Gabbett ' s newly invented , light , s _^ _lf-adjustiiLr . elastic trass . J . _Gasbett , Practical Truss Maker , of SS , Wardour-sireet Oxford-street , London _, is the inventor of a New Truss , pronounced by the fecultj to be the most efficient one extant Every variety of trusses and _bandages , can be had at the lowest possible prices :- " _Bwtplain truss , as .: Guy ' s expired patent , 8 s . ; Coles ' s expired patent , 10 s . ; Eggs , or German truss , 15 s . ; Suspensory bandages—cottun , ' 2 s . ; siik . 3 s . 6 d . J . G , after twenty years' experience , guarantees to secure every caseof rupture of however longstanding , and earnestly t ~ oli ( -i ; s a trial from those who hare found every other useless . The following are authentic testimonials , the originals of -which may he _seen , and the parties communicated with if required : —

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      HEALTH WHERE 'TIS SOCGUTl HOLLOW AY'S PILLS . ftire ofa Disordered Liver and Stomach , when in a most hopeless state . Extract ofa Letter from Mr . Matthew Harvey , of Chapel Hall , Airdrie , Scotland , dated the lath of January , 1 S 50 . Sib , —Yonr -valuable piils have been the means , with God's blessing , of rest « ring me to a state of perfect health , and at a time when I thought I was on the brink of the grave . I had _eonsolteii several eminent doctors , who , after doing what they could forme , stated that they eoaydered my case as hopeless . I ought to say that I had beeu suffering from a liver and stomach complaint of long standing , which during the last two years got so much worse , that every one considered i ny condition as hopeless . I , as a last resource , got a box of yourpills , which soon gaverrtief , and by i * _rserering in their use for some weeks , together with rubbing night and morning your Ointment over niy chest and stomach , and right side , I have by their means alone got completely cured , and to the astonishment of myself and everybody who knows me . — 'Signed ) Matthew ILutyei . _ To Professor Hollowat .

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      IHE CHEAPEST EDITION BVKB IVBUBUBD . .... . Price ls . 6 d . " | " ~ A new * md elegant edition , with Steel Plato of tho Author , of PAIHE'S POLITICAL WORKS ;

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      "Now . Ready , a New Edition ot .- . Mr . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS

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      Sold by J . Watson , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster row , London ; A . Heywood , Oldham-street , Manchester , _tnd Love and Co ., 5 , Nelson-street , Glasgow . And b _* . all Booksellers in Towh and Country .

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      PORTRAIT OF PHILIP M'GRATH . This day is published , price One Penny , No . XXIU . of REYNOLDS ' S POLITICAL INSTRUCTOR . Edited bt 6 . W . K . REYNOLDS , Author ofthe First and Second Series of ' Tue _MrsraM-s of _Londos , ' ' Tn * - Mtstebies or tue _Codet of London , Ihe Dats of _Hocabth , ' 'Robebt Macaihe , ' Ac , & c ., & c . This number ofthe Instructor contains a portrait of

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      "Now ready , with the Magazines for April , No . XI . of THE DEMOCKATIC REVIEW Of BRITISH and FOREIGN POLITICS , HISTORY and LITERATURE . Edited by G . JDLIAN HARNEY . contents : 1 . The Stamp Tax on Newspapers . 2 . March of the Kcd Republic . 3 . Revelations of the Building Trades . Part IL i . AGlance at History . Part III . 5 . The History of Socialism . By Louis Blanc . Lecture II . 6 . Democracy defended in reply to the'Latter-Day ' ravings of Thomas Carlyle . 1 . Two Years ofa Re volution . 1 S _48—1 & J 9 . S . The Fraternal Democrats . 9 . Poetry : ' The Red Flag , ' ic , ic . 10 . Letter from France . 11 . Letter from America . 12 . Political Postscript .

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      TO THE EMBARRASSED . THERE are thousands of persons who have long struggled against tlie force of misfortune , but few are aware that , by very recent Acts , all small traders wing debts not exceeding £ 300 , fanners , private and professional gentlemen , and all others , owing to any amount ( the latter without any publicity ) , can be entirely raised from their difficulties at small expense , and without impr _isonment or bankruptcy . All such Mr . Weston begs will apply to Mm at 6 , Esses-street , Strand , by letter , or personally . Office hours from 10 till 2 , and G till S . N . B . —The above Acts stay all Palace Court , County Court , and other proceedings . Clergymen need not submit to sequestrations ,

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      RUPTURES PERMANENTLY AND EFFE CTUALLY CURED WITHOUT A TRUSS !! rvR . HENRY _GUTHREY'S extraordinary AJ success in the treatment of aU varieties of Single and Double Ruptures , is without a parallel in the hi * _, tory ot medicine . In every case , however had or long standiug _,. a cure is guaranteed . The remedy is quite easy and perfectly painless in application , causing no inconvenience or confinement whatever , is free from danger and applicable to male and female of any age . Sent ( post-free ) to any part of tlie world , with full instructions , rendering failure impossible , on receipt of six _shillings by post-oftlce-order , or cash , hy Dr . HENRY GUTHREY , C , Ampton-strcet , Gray's-inn-road , London . Hundreds of testimonials aud trusses have- ' been left behind by persons cured , ' as trophies of the success of this remedy , wliich Dr . _GurnHEY wiU willingly give to those who require to wear them after a trial ofit . Post-office orders must he made payable at the Gray ' s-inn-road Office . Leners of inquiry should contain two postage-stamps for the reply . In every case a cure is guaranteed . At home for consultation daily from two till four . ( The Sabbath excepted . ) Address , HBNUY GUTHREY , Af . D _., il . R . C . S ., C , Ampton-street , Gray ' s-inn-road , London .

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      POISONS AS MEDICINE . Memorial of the Names of the 19 , 950 petitioners , to the House of Commons , against the Deadly Poisons , used as Medicine by the Doctors . London : British College of Health , _Hamilton-place _New-road . '' How many thousands of lives are there , ' my father would say , 'that come every year to be castaway ( in aU civilised countries at least , ) and considered as nothing but common air , in completion efan hypothesis ! ' * Inmy plain sense of things , ' my uncle Toby would answer , ' _eoeru such instance is BORDER DOWNRIGHT , Ut who wid commit it' ' There lies your mistake , ' my father would reply . ' for , in the Court of Science there is no such thing as _iftirder , ' tis only Death , brother , "—Tristram Shandy . The medical hypothesis , uncle Toby , in 'his plain sense of things , ' here anathematises , is that horrid and pestiferous _hypothesis , that'Medicine is poison , and poison is medicine . ' This mercenary , heartless , ruthful hypothesis , by wliich 'human life is cast away as nothing but common

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      mm _**^*^ ! _Z _^^^^^ ' - r '; . " ; ~~ . .. : NO . WRE _* ADY , \ No m .. ' to be continued jn Weekly Penny' Numbers tUJ ¦ ' ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦ complete , . > . _\< ¦¦¦ . ' . »• : . rrHE REVOLUTION OP l { 3 _i 8 . BY X M . LOUIS BLANC : being theJPeopie _' s History of that Great aiid Astounding Event—This work corrects the falsehoods and misrepresentations-of . Lamartine ' s History just published _ur English by Bonn , ' and should be in the hands of every Democratic and Social Reformer . ;; . ' . ¦ ¦ Also Just Published , ' - - ... ¦ -THE CATECHISM OF SOCIALISM ; X Price One Penny . ByLOtJIS BLANC—This is the best and cheapest exposition of the organisation of Labour Question , ever published . Other standard works-of the same- class will _soeedilv follow . * ' Published at the Weekly Tribune Office , 11 A , Wellingtonstreet North , Strand , London .

      Ad00425

      FBATERNAL DEMOCRATS . The Monthly Meeting of the membe rs will be held in the Coffee Room of tbe Institution , John Strew , on _Fbidat _EvfiNiNd , Apim . 12 th . Chair to be taken at 8 o ' cloek .

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      _QOCIAL REFORM LEAG _- \ JE , O Parringdon Hall , King ' s Arms Yard , Dottom of Snow Hill . On _SunnAY Evenings , Apeil 7 th , Urn , 21 st , and 28 th , a Discussion will take place ' on the following questions : What is the Organisation of Labour !—How is it to be put in practice ?—What would be its effects « To commence at Seven o'clock . ¦ ' ADMISSION FREE . _Hen-hv A . _Ivoitr , Hon . Sec ,

      Co Comgpoifflaiitf* *'

      Co _comgpoifflaiitf _* *'

      ' Fraternal,'—As It Matters Hut Little W...

      ' Fraternal , '—As it matters hut little whether petitions are received or rejected , yon may as well keep to the words relating to the Press .. _Mari Geassb ** , in a very spirited address , writing in the name of the women of Hull to the people of England , urges them to contribute their pence towards Jhe Ilonesty Fund , and very properly exhorts them to throw off their lethargy , and to manifest that concern in the progress of political and social , amelioration , which becomes them as wives and mothers . ot . enslaved ' and degraded working men . W . B . _Robinso- * , Manchester ; and J . S ., Dundee . —Received . Robert Carr . —I have sent the note to Mr . "Warren , . The books were sent from this office in a parcel to a locality in your neighbourhood , and that they have not been received by you . is not my fault . I will , however , investigate the matter , and see that tlie subscribers shall get ¦¦ '

      satisfaction T . Clark . , - ¦• HosiSTT Fum—Enclosed is a _money-ovder for 18 s 8 d , whieh with cost of order and postage is the . 19 s hereafter enumerated , viz .: —A Few Friends , Roy ton , 7 s ; . Mr . John Ingham , Crompton , Is ; I . Woodhead , ditto , Is ; A Friend , ditto , ls ; A Friend , ditto , ls ; John Patten , Oldfcam ; Is : James Patten , ditto , Is ; C . Butterworth , ditto , ls - , AYm . Harper , ditto , ls ; J . _Marsland , ditto , ls ; J . Mellor , ditto , Is ; Mr . II . Mullius , ditto , ls : Ki _Ilaslam _, _6 d ; R . Jones , 6 d . —Total 19 s J . Cook . National Reform League . — \ Ye are requested by ' the secretary of this association to correct an error in the report of a meeting ofthe League printed in our last . In the string of propositions for the improvement of society , that embodying a demand for the People ' s Charter , was inadvertently appended to No . 3 , instead of having its legitimate and proper place at the head of the whole . IIo . VESTl- Fond . —Julian Harney has received , and paid over to Mr . Rider , from Mottram _, per Martin Clayton , 25 s ; from Gorbals , per John Cameron , 12 s 6 d . Messrs . Jones and Fussell . —Julian Harney has received , aud paid over to the Committee appointed to collect subscriptions to relieve Messrs . Jones and Fussell from

      oakum-picking , from F . Pigou , Esq ., £ 110 s . .... . .. Chartist Executive—Julian narney has received , and paid over to the Executive , from J . Cameron aiid Friends , Manchester , 2 s . R . Holland , Burnley . — Julian Hamey will try to pass a night at Burnley on the occasion of his visit to Padiham . Fob Dr . _M-Dodall's Familt . — Received by A . M'Fee , Liverpool , from Warrington , viz .: — AJb _' _ew Friends at Allen ' s Coffee-house , Is 3 d ; Joseph Houghton , 3 d ; John ltoustage , Is ; Win . "Wri ght , 2 d ; Thos . Lawless , 3 d ; Issac Blaze , 3 d ; Wm . Allen , Cd ; R . Hall . 3 d ; B . Massey , 2 d ; John Broadman , 3 d •; John Broadman ,. Cd ; S . M . Grimshaw , Gd ; John Clare , Is ; Thos . Glover , Gd ; 11 Lomax , Gd ; Chartist Council , 2 a 3 d , ; Mr . _Temperlet , Highgate . —Received .. Mr . Tbipth . ee , Camden Town . —The la from yourself , and the ls from Air . Linnean , was acknowledged in the first and second edition of the Sth ult . ; a misfortune occurred with the form , in consequence of which the total received only appeared in the third editions . , Wives and Families of Chartist yicTMis . —Julian Harney has received , and paid over to the Victim Committee , from Barrhead , < 5 * c , per J . F ., £ 3 3 s ( id .

      Sale Of The Great Dodford Estate. There ...

      SALE OF THE GREAT DODFORD ESTATE . There are eighty acres , or _thgreabouts , of the Dodford Estate yet unoccupied , ivhich will be put up and sold by auction in Bromsgrove , and will be dul y advertised in tbe local newspapers . The sale will take place on the 15 th of April .

      The Northern Star. Satkttday. April 6, Thso.

      THE NORTHERN STAR . _SATKttDAY . APRIL 6 , tHSO .

      The Re Volution Of The "Manchester Schoo...

      THE RE VOLUTION OF THE " MANCHESTER SCHOOL . " Reduction is the order of tbe day . The Prime Minister threatens all civil , judicial , and diplomatic functionaries , with a curtailment of their salaries . . Landlords cut down their establishments and put the remainder upon short allowance . Farmers form associations , avowedly for tho purpose of reducing the price of labour hitherto paid to the tradesmen employed by them in all departments , to an amount equivalent to the

      diminished prices they are receiving for agricultural produce , —that is from twenty-five to thirty per cent . Even in the manufacturing districts , of whose prosperity we heard so much at the commencement of the session , Short time , and ''Short commons " are by no means rare ! The " cheap bread and . plenty te do" which were , according to the Free Trade prophets , to follow the repeal of the Corn Laws , and to ensure "high wages , " have , some how or other , not come together . Instead of opening its arms , and inviting all the unemployed in other parts of the country to crowd into additional mills , power-loom

      sheds , machine shops , and warehouses , which the new foreign markets opened to us by Free Trade were to produce , Manchester is grumbling weekly about dull markets , and unremunerative prices . _^ The tempting bait with which it angled fov the supremacy , if not the exclusive monopoly , of tho markets of the world has not taken . Protectionism is yet the creed of all the leading Governments of the world ; and they answer the confident predictions of the . free-booters in this country by tariffs of increasing stringency . There is no denying the fact . " The Manchester School" has made a mess of it . Not

      that large capitalists and crafty speculators have not gained by the change—not that the system is altogether incompatible with the benefit of the already over-gorged few— -but , as far as the prosperity , comfort , and elevation of the great hulk of the community is concerned , their system has totally failed to . produce the predicted results , and the paltry and peddling schemes in which they are now engaged , will only have tho ultimate effect of aggravating the mischief they have already done .

      No doubt , reduction of taxation is a very desirable thing , if it be a bona fide reduction . But it is quite possible to make apparent diminutions of the national expenditure , which shall , in realit y , be extremel y injurious to those who have , ' in the long run , to pay taxation of every kind . According to those two extreme Economists , Messrs . Htjmb and Cob-DEN , it is practicable to effect al further reduction of from six to seven millions , in order to bring things to the standard of 1835 , and make a total saving often million s a year upon the expenditure of 1849-50 . The saving per head , which this would give , has been

      calculated at about eight shillings per annum , or forty shillings for aa average famil y of five persons . But is , it quite certain thatthe benefit of the remission would reach the labouring classes ? Heretofore we know that in most instances it has been intercepted in its progress downwards , by the privileged classes , and fructified for their benefit only , In the great majority of cases the remission of customs and excise duties would be absorbed by merchants , traders , dealers , and profitmongers , of all grades ; aad the proportion coming to the working man would be of the most minute and imperceptible character .

      Indeed , as long as Ministers are exclusively selected from a particular class of the community , and the Legislature is avowedly constituted of men of property versus the men , of labour , the remission of taxation will hot only indirectly tend to benefit the propertied and trading classes , in the way we have indicated , but it will be . directly made for that purpoie . Witness tbe Budget for the present

      The Re Volution Of The "Manchester Schoo...

      Session . Sir Charles Wood , to far from concealing his intention to benefit th 0 landlord class , made that the great merit of his scheme . It is triie that , as usual ,, he has blundered in carrying ; his ' 'intentions into effect ; but . that has nothing to do with the animus of the Budget .- ¦ ¦ _'•'• _'' ¦¦ ' ¦ '' ¦[ ' All financial reductions in the national expenditure , under the present " system of Government and Legislation , are fallacious , so far as the working classes are eoncerned , in another way . The aristocracy and wealthy classes take care to keep up , unimpaired , those de-. . _- - * '' . ' * * jl _—L

      partments in which the pay is large , and the duties light—or nil , as the case may be—in order that they may always have a good pasture for the younger scions of these classes . When the demand for Economy and Eetrenchmeut grows too loud to be resisted successfully , itis not ihe superfluous admirals , captains , lieutenants , generals , and colonels—the high paid sinccurists , and well-salaried do-nothing officials— -who are thrown overboard . They have ** vested rights , " which are sacredly respected . Tho plebeians—who have no powerful " interest" —are first sacrificed , and'their

      duties thrown upon the shoulders of some equally uuinfluential and hard-worked drudge . Private soldiers , and able seamen—engine makers , mechanics , shipwrights , blacksmiths , and the tradesmen usually employed about bur dockyards and arsenals , are discharged . The expensive and ornamental portions of these establishments are left untouched .. "What is the result ? The labouring classes are exposed to additional competition in tho labour-market , and are compelled to submit to reductions of wages in consequence—more than ten-fold the amount of any saving they can possibly , secure from such delusive red uctious .

      The farmers in _Hertforshire have just commenced a movement , which shows , in a very striking manner , the destructive and deteriorating tendencies of this free-booting and cheapening system , as respects the . operative class in every department of industry . They have formed an Association expressly for the purpose of reducing prices . Nor do we see very clearly upon what reasonable grounds their rightitodo this , under our present competitive and antagonistic free-action arrangements , can be questioned . They state that ,

      as the value of agricultural produce is greatl y lessened by the free importation of Foreign Corn , farmers in general must adopt a system of wise and vigilant economy , _; extending to every branch of expenditure unavoidably incurred ; that as tliose employed in trade are reaping . ' considerable advantage from the cheapness of food , they think the tradesman should be able , without injury to himself , to make a considerable reduction in his charges ; and that tho tradesman , artizan , and labourer dependent upon agriculture , should thus be made sensible that free trade is a labour

      question . They follow up these declaratory statements with an elaborate tariff of the reduced prices proposed to the tradesmen of the county , which vary from fifteen to thirty per cent . ; wheelwri ghts are to be reduced twenty per cent . ; carpenters to three shillings a day ; bricklayers to the same sum and bricklayers ' labourers'to one shilling and eight pence . Now , the average wages of these two trades

      aro from four shillings to four and sixpence a day , in provincial towns ; and if we take it at the lowest sum , we shall have a direct reduction of six shillings a week , or 151 . 12 s . a year , to place against any benefits that Freo Trade may confer upon the carpenter or the bricklayer ; and the forty shillings a year , which the Cobden budget may perhaps—sometime or other—cut down his contributions to the

      national Exchequer . But the case does not end here . Whatever may be said of the relative proportions of the population dependent upon agriculture , and upon manufactures , no one can doubt that a very large portion of the inhabitants of this country , are indirectly , and directly , indebted to agricultural industry for their subsistence ; they constitute the home in contradistinction to the foreign market , for the productions of the purely manufacturing districts . Any diminution of their purchasing power must

      inevitably , therefore , react upon the manufacturing districts themselves , and by diminishing the consumption , diminish at the same time employment and wages in these districts . Whether the foreign markets , which are sought after with such an insane infatuation by the *¦ Manchester School , " are ample enough , and profitable enough , to compensate for the almost incalculable injury inflicted upon all classes of the community by this suicidal policy , is a question we may safely leave the reader himself to determine .

      We can perceive onl y one ultimate result of this reckless , ruinous , and desperate system ; a narrowed , and narrowing field of domestic industry—a consequent fiercer contest between tradesmen for markets , and labourers for work , with of course diminished profits and reduced wages . The power of money will become more terrible than ever , commercial feudalism will prove itself more merciless and crushing than territorial feudalism in its most palmy days , until the reaction , which leads to revolution , shall at last , in the words of _Byboi * .

      "Cleanse earth from hell ' s pollution , " and all the train of monstrous evils which follow on the physical , mental , and moral debasements of a whole people , and the unnatural elevation of tho few , based upon mere money power . The " Manchester School " are the true revolutionists in this country . Their revolution is in active progress . It is rapidly subverting all existing institutions , and hurrying on our statesmen in spite of themselves , in a course of cheapening arid spoliation , which can only terminate—if continued—in general impoverishment and discontent . The Red Republicans and Socialists of France—whatever may bo thought of them in other respects—have , at least , the merit of

      having something like a substitute for the system of society to which they are opposed ; but the Manchester economists destroy what exists , without replacing it by anything else . They drive us downward to a social chaos , in which there shall be " no King in Israel , " and every man being apparently left free to _Tdo what is right in . his own eyes" without either Legislative or Moral Control , the rich will crush the poor , the strong oppress the weak , the cunning take advantage of the ignorant , and all society will be employed in the game of " beggar my neighbour , " under the solemn sanction of that most elevated and sublime doctrine—" Buy in the cheapest , and sell in the dearest market . "

      We know of only ono justification , or at leaBt , feasible palliation , for such a destructive and most wretched course of conduct on the part of a great nation—namely , the absence of means to employ and to _maintainits population . If we were either absolutely or relatively stricken with helpless and irremediable poverty , then we should not wonder at the selfishness of our common nature , bursting through all conventional restraints , and leading every man . to grasp his neighbour ' s throat in the deadly struggle , to clutch a portion of the inadequate and scanty national store .

      But tbiB is not the case . We are rich m all the means , powers , and facilities , for producing superabundant wealth . The primary elements of all national greatness , prosperity , and strength , are land , labour , skill , and capital . Of all tliese elements we possess a more amp le command than ever fell to the lot of any nation , ancient or modern . Itis the false and injurious direction now given to these elements , out of which the magnitude and threatening nature of our social evils arises . They ought to be the cause of abundance and leisure to all ; they are perverted into instruments b y which all . classesare aet by-the ears , _wid / the "ioww _orflwa" cnwhwl

      The Re Volution Of The "Manchester Schoo...

      [ to . the earth , ' and . overwhelmed _hjpaupentt _»* ' poverty _^ and crime . ' ¦¦ ..:: _, _;!; _! : .. _- ; Has it never struck any of onr Solons _* that with such means *!' it _^ would be mor e rational , and a greatxje ' aj ; more easy , and agreeable , . to set everybody , at wort profitably , arid by an equitable system of distribution , make them happy and contented participators in the products of their own industry " ?¦ ' ;¦ - - _li _^ _i'L- _Jl _lxl ' ' - J' a ' : _l _^ lLL _^ xli _^ _- ' _-V- _* _i-tL-l _-. _^«« J * i _* m '

      The Truck System. We Have Frequently Had...

      THE TRUCK SYSTEM . We have frequently had occasion to repeat , that " Laws are ; like cobwebs , they catch the small flies—large ones break through them . " The conspiracy of a part of the millowners in Lancashire to evade the law in connexion with the refusal of their accomplices onthe magisterial bench , to impose its penalties , is : an illustration of the fact to which we have recently adverted . Another has just occurred in the Staffordshire mining districts . Every one knows that there is a statute

      prohibiting the payment of wages m goods—or , as it is commonly called—the , truck system . Perhaps not a more heartless or nefarious mode of plunder was ever invented than that thus denominated ; and the law—as far as words go—is sufficiently stringent and explicit in its prohibition and its penalties . But , though there is no loop-hole to creep , through—as it is pretended there is in the Factory Act—it has not prevented the ironmasters , in the district mentioned / from carrying on an illegal traffic , by which they have robbed their workpeople of thirty per cent , above the market

      price , of all the goods they have forced them to purchase . The poor victims who were thus plundered , were , in fact , without redress . If they ; did not consent to take . orders on the "tommy shops , " instead : of money wages , they were discharged ; and they knew enough of the difficulty of getting employment elsewhere , to induce them to submit to the extortion , rather than risk starvation br the workhouse . In many instances , the ironmasters openly keep hucksters' and haberdashers '

      shops ; but , generally ; in order to avoid the open scandal of keeping these shops themselves , they are farmed out ; and that they must be extremely profitable to their owners , may be inferred from a fact stated at a public meeting in Dudley , on Monday night last . The Mayor presided at that meeting , on the requisition of nearly two hundred , of the most respectable persons in the parish , and there were present deputations from Bilston , and other towns . One of the speakers Baid ;—

      They had heard a great deal lately ahout the distress of thefarmers , but this 'tommy' farming must be a good thing , for he heard the other day that a ' tommy shopkeeper' to an ironmaster offered another ironmaster a better annual income , if he ' ivould send his people to be trucked at his shop , than the profits whieh the best 000 acres of land in this , country ivould produce , supposing wheat to be . at 8 s . a bushel . ( Cries of Shame . ) He added , most truly : — . ' Of all the instruments of cruelty that was ever thrown

      up from the bottomless pit to enable one man to oppress another , this was the masterpiece . ( Hear . ) It _wasan engine , thegrindingqualities ot which must ever bo regulated by the humanity or the cupidity of the man who employed it . The system made the working-man's condition wretched ; it ruined the retail trader ; if persisted in it would compel the money-faying master either to pay ia truck or to discontinue liis business ; it increased both crime and poverty , by the distress which it engendered on the one hand nnd by the profligacy which the riches it _created caused on another ,- ( Cheers . ) "

      Numerous instances of the mischief , and the demoralisation arising froiri the practice , were stated by other speakers , aud specimens given ofthe modes adopted by the iron-masters in order to evade the law . The evil seems to have grown to such a height , that the shopkeeping classes in the district have at length been forced to make common cause with the workpeople , in order to secure such a portion ofthe trade as will enable them to live .

      Associations are in the course of formation throughout the district , for the purpose of enforcing the _provisions of the law ; but that this will be a difficult task , in consequence of the composition of the magistracy , is evident from the result of the first informations against the offenders , tried at _Wolrei'hampton , on Wednesday . The Truck Act expressly prohibits the ironmasters being magistrates , or any other persons being magistrates who are in any way connected with ironmasters , from sitting to adjudicate upon informations laid under the

      act . This apparent protection against the perpetration of injustice is , however , neutralised in another way . The act requires that informations shall be heard before two magistrates ; and it appears that thero is but one stipendiary and independent or disinterested magistrate in the whole of that large and populous district . Three parts of the County magistracy are directly disqualified from siting . The remaining fourth is riot to be ' found when Truck cases are to be heard , and the consequence is , that there is a practical denial of justice in the district .

      The poor miners find that after they have mulcted their earnings iu order to make up a fund for the purpose of bringing informations before the magistrates , and after having by-so doing rendered themselves obnoxious to the law-breaking conspirators , by ( whom they are plundered , and incurred the risk of being discharged , they have not made one step towards tlieir objects . On the day the Justices meet , they are t 6 ld their cases cannot be heard , because two qualified magistrates are not present . The proceedings at the magistrates '

      office , in Wolverhampton , were of such a character as ought to compel the Home Secretary to interfere , and provide for the due impartial , and timely enforcement ofthe law ; but if the ironmasters are as powerful in Parliament as the lawbreakiug factory masters , there is small chance of that being the case . Sir Gr . Geey can be awfully and sternly just , when he has to crush a poor man , or a weak party , but his courage and his justice ooze out at his finger ends , the moment he is confronted with a party that has votes at its disposal .

      Two kinds of information were to come before the Court on Wednesday . The first being for the issue of cheques for less than twenty shillings each , one of the methods resorted to for the purpose of evading the law ; the other for a direct infringement of the Truck Act . The stipendiary magistrate was present , the only other ; being a Mr , Bakkek , an ironmaster . The first charge he was . qualified to set and adjudicate upon ; but when it was called , he peremptorily told the Solicitor , who appeared in support of the informations , "the cases must be put off , Mr . Bolton , who is for

      the defendants , can't be here to day . " To all farther subsequent statements his last answers were , "We can't hear you . " "Its of no use arguing the case . " The Solicitor on the part ofthe plaintiffs , urged that he had a great number of cases , that the act expressly provides they must be adjudicated upon within twenty days from the time of their being . If they went on adjourning , they would fall to the . ground , and his clients would have to pay all the expenses , besides enduri . Bg a great wrong ; he further averred , that the adjournment was . not asked in good faith , seeing that the defendants finding Mr . Bolton had a subpoena to go to Gloucester Assizes , retained him , in order that the cases might not come

      on that day . ; Perhaps , the _confederate conspirator on the bench was perfectly aware of this "dodge ; " but that was no reason why it should be defeated , therefore he closed the affair with the decisive sentence : —• " the case must stand over ; call on something else ;" and thus , because it was , convenient to an attorney to be out of the way , the poor men who had clubbed their money together were denied justice , and that protection which the law apparentl y extends to them . In this case , he it remarked , the magistrate had jurisdiction , and he used his power to . prevent the administration of justice . In a subsequent case for [ Offences against the Truck Act , in which Mr . Bakkbr could not _aot—^ it transpired , that so _cwMiiwwa _^

      The Truck System. We Have Frequently Had...

      position ofthe bench would be , that thev haH ; written to the witnesses for the plant " !? ' forming them , that the / case would not _ta called oil that day ! There must certainly hL a marvellous good understanding ; between th magistrates and _som _^ ' of the' attorneys i Staffordshire , when we find the . latter cooll * arranging beforehand , the business to be tran _^ acted by the former t ans " nftaifinn nffltA TiAT 1 P . fl -tt'nnM l _>* a it " . * _* i 7 _^

      Mr . Edmonds of Birmingham , whohad tb truck cases in hand , threatened to write t Sir Geoegb Gbey , if this occurred- _auain . but , for the reasons . we have stated - ' doubt if much satisfaction will be obtain l from that quarter . Yet the remedy Wou _ij appear to be simple enough . As the ? requires two independent justices to _adjuoW upon these cases ; appoint an additional It * pendiary magistrate ; the district is large ami thickly peopled , and will find work _enough for him , apart from the necessit y of looking af ! the malpractices of wealthy law breakers w ] sit in high places , and who , by virtue of holding commissions of the peace , deny to th poor , man that justice they are sworn to ad minister freel y and impartially ,

      This , however , is only ono more specimen of the futility of the nominal restraints imposed by the law upon the rich in this countrv Wealth and station trample upon them wit ! impunity . It is the poor rogue , and the poor lawbreaker only , for whom all the ri gours of . the Statute-book are reserved . Th British Goddess of Justice , alas , is not blind but wide awake , to the difference between a threadbare coat and a good one ; her appreciation of the logic of a . full pocket , can only be equalled by the sterness of the sentences _wherevr ith she punishes an empty one .

      English Espionage. Some Years Ago, There...

      ENGLISH ESPIONAGE . Some years ago , there was a so-called "Radical Member of Parliament , called Daniel Whittle _Habvby . He was very glib i n the tongue , and used to make clever speeches but , somehow or other , people had got the notion that he was not to be trusted . However , he made himself feared b y the Whi gs sufficiently to induce Lord John Russell to contrive , that when he was elected to the post of Police Commissioner for the City of London , he should thereby be disqualified for a seat in the House of Commons , Since that time the ex-Member for Colchester , has been studying , and practising the . duties of Prefect of Police , seemingly upon a continental model . We by no means intend to compare him with M . Cahlieu—the inimitable

      Parisian Prefect—who combines the two-fold characters of Professor of Political Economy , and Director of Police . The London Comnlis eioner has not yet issued any lectures to the English Chartists , or Communists , upon the subversive , ignorant , and impracticable nature of their political and social opinions ; but he is evidently preparing to do so . He has taken thefirst step towards the practical imitation of his continental compeer , by introducing a system of organised espionage . The thing has , hitherto , been so liateful to Englishmen , that we are obliged to borrow a word to express it . To what extent this system has been carried out , it is impossible for us to say ; but it may be as well for the public to have an idea of the manner in which it works .

      Not long ago , a charge of assault was made at the Guildhall by one of these police spies , which threw soriie light upon the subject . A person was proceeding very quietl y and steadily along Wood-street , with a bag containing music , in his hand , when he was stopped by a man in a fustian jacket , who insisted upon searching hira . He naturally , aud most properly resisted sueh interference , which looked more like intended robbery than anything else , and , much to his surprise and discomfort found himself conveyed to a police cell , and charged with having "impeded the police

      in the execution of their duty . '' The Alder-3 IAN who presided when the so-called assault was tried , strongly condemned the conduct of the constable , and added his decided opinion that such a mode of carrying out the police system was perfectly unwarrantable , ! and ought oh no account to be tolerated . Considering that the Aldermen are Mr . Harvey's masters , the hint ought to havebeen sufficient . Not so , however . That worthy Commissioner has just issued a short report on the state of

      the City , and the force under his command , in which he stands stoutly up for the spy system . He reprimands Alderman Salomaks for being so " very unreasonable , " as to subject the constables to such rebukes as those he administered to the fellow who went about disguised in a fustian jacket . "I should regret , " says Radical D . W . Habtey , "tho relinquishment of the practice of employing constables not wearing the uniform of the force , being satisfied of its great utility . ' '

      Here , - then , we have the admission that this is " tho practice ; " to what extent we can only infer from the value the Commissioner puts upon it . That the Espionage extends into the concerns of all classes , is also certain , from the variety ofthe disguises Mr . Harvey ' s Arguses are required to assume . No honest pei'son will object to place in the hands of the administrators of the law , and the protectors ofthe lives and property of the public , all reasonable and proper facilities for the performance of their duties ; but , if on pretence of doing this , either the London Commissioner ,

      or any other police functionary , is to be empowered to send out tho men at his disposal , when he pleases , dressed as he pleases , and in what numbers he pleases , for what purposes he pleases , uncontrolled , unchecked , and without responsibility for the abuse of such powers , then we say , that the personal liberty of every Englishman is at stake ; _tli-ic his household secrets are no longer his own ; that freedom of speech and action are dangerously menaced , and that we have taken the first ' step that leads towards the worst form of despotism .

      The Gorha.M Case. A Death Blow To The Ch...

      THE GORHA . M CASE . A death blow to the Church of England has been struck , not by an enemy from without , but by a friend within . The work of dissolution , winch the united efforts ofthe enemies of the State Church , and their name is Legion , could not effect , has been commenced by one of its stoutest upholders . To thc Bishop of Exeter , the most energetic , prelate in the realm , is due the honour of setting on foot the agitation of a question , the settlement of which , it needs no prophet ' s eye to discern , cannot be adjusted and the church of England . exist . The foundation stone of a controversy , which will batter the p illars of the state church to the ground , was laid on that day when the Privy Council gave their judgment . The matter of the quarrel lies in a nutshell : — -The Bishop of Exeter says . " that when a

      child is baptised , the application of the wa ter washes away its sins ; " Mr . Gorham says , "itisntt such thing ; whereupon the Bishop will not let Gorham hold any curacy under him , up © n this Mr . G . prosecutes his bishop ; one tribunal assert * that Henry of Exeter is right ; the case is carried before another , who reverse the former decision _,, and without giving any opinion on the deeply obscure of baptismal regeneration , tell the Bishop that he is forthwith to induct Gorham to his bene * fice . " _« No ! " shouts valorous Henry of Exeter , " death sooner I" and so he blows up the Archbishop of Canterbury , who , poor feeble man , don 6 know whioh way to turn ; abuses the authority 01 Privy Councils , and threatens Rome or Infidelity . And so stand the two great parties , the high chute *

      and the low , pitted against each other like a coupla of English boxers , waiting but the signal to fall to , or rather , arid more appropriately , like a couple of Roman gladiators waiting for the signal to cut eaoh other ' s throats . Thatthe Church of England oan survive the shock is almost beyond the bounds of possibility . The high church must ascend to the Churoh of Rome , and the low church must desce * A to the Dissenters . To the reformers of Grew Britain a ray of hope beams from tho dark cloud * that presage the approaching storm . Amidst tta thundering elements , in the shock of the eonfli «» the State Church of England will perish . The * thanks to Harry of Exeter , who h & s not _forgotwa his father's trade , ' but has bremdtor the Churoa H _Enklani'tW _cwu _**^^

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 6, 1850, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_06041850/page/4/