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Northern Star (1837-1852), 4th September 1847, Edition 3 of 3, Page 3, the * U<ZtZZrr 1U T T . he Barrae8» Von ...

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    • ^^ Jtottip. _
    • Sttlmfcu
    • CorosponSnur,
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      " " ' ' ' ' ' ' ' " Before We Proceed Fu...

      ; - .-. - ., _g ur _, .. s * ' -V-¦ _ _^ . r _„__ . ; _...... -, _^ :: _C- ;„ . _^ _., _„^^ . _^ . __ .. _w ___^„ ....... _^ . . __ . ., ' ¦ : * r - ' - ¦ ' > ¦ . & _Cl «¦ s p . X . } _v \ . , n , ff { - _ _? _Tri _^^ _- _^ ' ; " - " _•'—¦ _¦ _¦ -- ¦ ' ¦ - -- ¦ ' ¦¦ _- _ _2 _^ " ~ ' _^ — ' ™~ _;~—^^ ... ' - . : ; I fu it i ¦ ¦¦¦ - - ¦ - ¦ _-..-.-. ¦ ... ¦ , ¦¦ ¦ _-.. ¦ ' , ¦ 'ii !—Li * " * ' " ' - ¦¦ - _'" " _"' ' iiii _ji ; - - - -- - -- -

      ^^ Jtottip. _

      _^^ _Jtottip . __

      -"" —" Ijy Otd Home. Ar H«S «. * - Toste...

      - "" — " IjY OtD HOME . ar H « s _« . * - _tosTES . iKne di , old homo , how changed it f ami ! How dleut _, doll , and chill ! Skn _« . th 9 a 5 mmS Toic f * riBg Within it ; cold and still it

      The _funbtama fail not to embrace ; And dull . whUe youth and beauty grace it Oh ! thatthe change wire palpable , Acbacgethat I could see ; Conld lightning rive those walls , And not one semblance be Of _whatitwai-my h « art wild miss Its loathing to think what it ti . The lame , in oatward guise , as when Hy consecrated borne ; But all _thatmadeitholy then cloud hath

      Hath fled-death _' s come _AcroM _tbeheart ' _s joy of that dwelling All hope , all love , in augmsh quelling . 3 _Tr mother ! - _' tw » _h _« _« gel _snute _. It was her love alone -That made the spot so dear , aad now _. When smile and love are gone , What is tbat darken'd home to me ?—Its very sir breathes _misny ! Too well I know tbe history Of every tree and flower , And how it bath been planted , In some departed hour—Ah ! wherefore , with the hand that cherish'd , Have not the trees and _flowen perished !

      Xh erei ; the garden bench , w h e re we Talk'd summer hoars away ; T > e qoiet parlour , wbose warm hearth Endcar'd a winter day ; And in ths same old corner there _. Stands , vacant now , my mother ' s chair : Another room , above , there is—( But , oh ! my spirit sinks _. My heart stands _itill my brain , spell-bound , Half . _raadden'd , often thinks , The mem ' ry . like some frantic dream , Would vanish if I could but scream ) .

      _1 cannot come withia that room , T would petrify my blood ; 2 or I could teU the very _boirdi 'Whereo * ber coffin stood , Aud ( till can see tbe empty bed , And her white face and _shroadsd head ; The _curtaiu'd window , not one ray FeU on the cold , bare floors _Iwas gloomy at my own dark soul ; Aad when I doted that door Aad turned away , how gladly I Had closed tha gates of memory .

      Farewell ! old home : not willingly Would I _retarn to hear , Thy silent voices whisp ' ring Their anguish in mine car ; Farewell I I love thee not , for thon Art worse than nothing to me now .

      Sttlmfcu

      _Sttlmfcu

      Bevelation5 Polit1ques. Les Trois Viotim...

      BEVELATION 5 POLIT 1 QUES . LES TROIS VIOTIMES . Pab k Oouie bk Wiixbbod . [ Political Revelations . The Three _Fictims . By the Count deWillbrod . ] London : Armand , hath bone-place . ( Continued from the Star of August 2 Slh . ) la 1 SI-5 . _Foucbg then was thrown , by a conjuncture of events _, into the very midst of the camp of lie _ei'eKiies of Bourbon . With him were associated Talleyrand , Lafayette , Voyer D'Argenson , and others , upwards of a hundred members ofthe Chamber of Representatives , and ( last , n ot l east , ) Paul Didier . A series of plots were then set on foot by these men , tke last link in the chain of which was feaken on the night of the 29 : h of August , 1830 .

      Talleyrand and _Fonche then sought eagerly to return to their former posts at Paris , not merely to leader themselves _necessary to the government , but ia order to have the power of overturning it on the _Srstfavourableopportunity . Their greatest hindrance ns tbe presence of the allied armies in Paris . But although Louis XVIII . was nominally _King , the Soke of Wellington was the real governor of France . _Kotkicg was done without his command or permis fion . Louis , indeed , attempted to shake off the joke , but he was ill-seconded by his ministers , who bowed deferentially te every decree of Lord Wellington . It became , therefore , of the first consequence b the conspirators to ascertain , at least , whether Lord Wellington felt personally indifferent to the bead of the French government ; which they had Hxm reason to believe was the case .

      In fact , if Russia , Prussia , and the other absolute svernments , considered that Louis XVIII . as the liiect heir to the crown , carried a greater promise of stability to the _govflMment when centred in . his peraon . the case waa _vWf different with England , who sought a cession of territory as the guarantee of good faith , and would have countenanced any candidate for the crown who could offer such security . Bad the Prince of Orange , on those terms , _Calviaiied France , or the Duke of Orleans acted over again the English Revolution of 1683 , substituting the younger for the elder branch , of the royal family , such a change ef affairs would have been toa consonant with the religious and political opinions ef England to have been very warmly resented .

      The first care , then , of the conspirators of whom the two disgraced ministers were the heads , was to _tsure themselves of the neutrality of England , thoald unexpected circumstances again place the erown of France in the hands of the people . We are , indeed , ignorant what means were taken to discover the secret feelings of Lord Wellington with regard b a change in the dynasty , and what the representative of England really pledged himself to do ; bnt the colour given to certain events—the conduct of the Allies , and of England _particalarly . after the disasters of the 20 th of March , the facta already known , and those which this book wiil reveal , ali indicate tbat the Allied representatives at Paris had listened to every -vague rumour , which tended to make the state of France appear very different to

      what it really was ; which could prove to tbe Sovereigns of Europe that the Bourbons were incapable of governing the country which had received them Vith so much _enthusiasm ; that there existed a thouand secret causes for hatred of them . ; that , for tbe tranquillity of the State , it was necessary te leave France free to _t-hoo . -e another chief , and that tbis power mutt once again be confided to a new Chamber of Representatives . The events of 1830 proved that England had no _ejection to aid such a change , if a manifestation of public _feelauj sufficiently imperative to justify her in doing to , could be obtained . In 1815 all was prepared for such a manifestation of popular sentiment to complete the difficulties of tbe moment , before the _inclusion ofthe treaties _.

      One thins is to be remarked , that in all these "Jark transactions the name of Napoleon was never brought forward at all . However adored by the soldiery , and in the provinces , he was hated , and his tame was cureed by the nobility , gentry , and even tiie common people of the capital . It was from the camp ofthe liberalBthat thc deadliest _blowshadbeen given to the Imperial power ; and it was to combat with violent aggressions of this great leader that foreign armies had twice trampled under their hoKes' feet the soil and the Wood of France . Each ofthe Allied powers had , in turn , contributed to the fali ef Napoleon , and there could bo no possibility _^ ef _bringin _. him forward in a counter-revolution which the Allies were to permit , if not to countenance , and the mass of the people , who hated him , and had profited by his fall , were to plan and carry out

      But as the leaders ia a revolution are seldom the men who fight for it , it was particularly requisite at that period to have the aid of the licentious soldiery , to whom it was necessary , before they trculd take op arms , to show that trieoloured flag which had waved above them in so _manyglsrious campaigns ; when , therefore , the _^ _insurrectional intriguers wished to be prepared with the executive jsrt of their plan , they were compelled to invoke the same ofthe hero ofthe age ; that name which had so magical an effect on uie minds of those whose _tcHius ! a < TO and devotion were indispensable to its ralfilment .

      . It was a base and infamous deception , but ambitious agitators are seldom very scrupulous ! Things thus far advanced , little more was needed ' or the preparation for the final scene . Emissaries ¦ ere speedily dispersed over France to unite ail the dements of disorganisation into one common bead . _-Appeal were made to the patrioticremembrances of _° _nr unfortunate armies ; the resentment of these _* hose prospects had . been injured by tke Restoration Msa excited : some were reminded of Napoleon and his eagles ; others , of the expulsion of the nobles ; * J . of the humiliation of France . In October , 1815 , the organising committee inscribed en its banner _tjsso words—* Society of National Independence' A happy motto for the union of so many different _interests , ance it excluded no party nor compromised _asy .

      it was in the name of the National Independence that tbere soon appeared in each town one or two _persons who made it their business to prepare the _ainib ofthe people ; to enlist the determined , and « _ojl lie discontented . It w _» 3 in the name of The National Independence « jat Grenoble , whree treason had , eieht months _previously , decided the fate of the Monarchy , was _raoaea ta give , by one daring blow , the signal for the _insnticrtion . _Norther , it was in the name of this same National * _w * mdeiice , that Didier was ordered to present « fflse ! f under Ihe ramptfrts of Grenoble , as if on the _Ftttot the Emperor , and to obtain admission by i , _* _? Sate which , on the evening of the 7 th of zS _^' bvl opened to Sspoleon and _fts handfu l of

      Bevelation5 Polit1ques. Les Trois Viotim...

      Before we proceed any further , it is of importwea to ns to know m whatiands rested , at that period _thosupreme power , and what were the means £ govanment possessed to counterbalance the 52 forces of the revolutionary party . ¦ * _° ™ To Talleyrand had _^ ueceeded M . de Richelieu If there were few _rerclutionary element , £ H ' racter of this minister , the _^ _TlSsl ltl _SeZiIftfS _. _? _*««»• _Called " to me part hi the councils of iris _sovereign for th * _SI . _M - V ( h , s ! "nK absence from France , and _Klu- _^^^ _te _* ot affair ?) . _K _£ T-l \ f m _, have heeB a P 8 infully P u"l < ng ir ' shts w _^ ° P a _«» tuTy to awaken in Before we proceed toy rthe r , « _« f _;—; ... _» '

      _V _«« , ' d _£ _^ g 1 ? ° natry' Richelieu had forgotten , owing im long absence and government at the Crimea _, tne wants , the passions , even the modes and _enstomsof his canntry . Neither a statesman nor a man of _ousmess , Richelieu had not even the strength ot intellect , and spirit of conviction , which oan alone give power to govern others . Weak and irresolute , always taking the wrong side of an argument , the first minister of Louis XVIlI . was constantly _hesitatrog between the sincere desire to govern well , and the remorse that the sad results of his political _supremacy invariably caused . Though his birth , the high offices he had always filled , his position , and the circumstances in which he was placed , all made royalismadutyinhim , M . de Richelieu had a decided inclination for Liberalism and Revolutionary ideas .

      Such was the man to whom the deepest interests of France were then _confided—whese presence was one ofthe most injurious circumstances at the critical epoch of the Restoration—who , almost unaided , negotiated and agreed to the humiliating clauses in the treaties uf 1 S 15 , and who only ventured to present these treaties for thc sanction of the ministry , at the very moment when it was ' necessary to sign them . Associated with Richelieu , were Corvetto . the Minister of Finance ; de Feltre , Minister of War ; and _Dnboucbage , _Minister of Marine . All were

      _plausiblemen , but totally unacquainted with internal policy—and , indeed , finding employment for every _thought and energy in their own disorganised departments . - These ministers ,. therefore , took bat tittle part in the general government . They were _. not orators , and were , consequently , incapable of taking part with effect in discussions—and when two theories or two ideas came before the council , they gladly left it to the Minister of Justice , M . BarVe-Maroais , to satisfy the parties , and interpret—as well as might be done—certain would-be liberal opinions , ottered by Richelieu , nnder _theinspiration of M . de _Decazes .

      The members of the Cabinet , therefore , whose especial duty it became to act in the management of general affairs , were—M . Dccazes , M Vaublanc , and _W . de Richelieu—or rather the two former—fer M . de Richelieu had so completely merged bis opinions in those of _Decszes , Minister of Police , that it would scarcely be doing him justice to say he had a will of his own . A man of conviction , energy , and upright principles , M . de Vaublanc was perhaps thc only member of tbe Ministry who acted on any fixed system . lie had desired that , in connection with foreign power .- ' , government should have acted with more independence and nationality ; without entering into any unworthy intrigues , he thought it possible to render the sovereign feared and respected by all parties ,

      simpiy by abstaining from the degrading practice of alternate severity and caresses , which could only insp ire contempt . But M . de Vaublanc hated intrieues—underhand dealings—in a word , all that savoured of trickeryand diplomacy : all that is usually the essence of the life of statesmen . lie went straight to a point , without turning or winding . lie might break , but he wonld not bend . But , unhappily , by the men with whom he was associated , his firmness was termed obstinacy ; his opinions , visionary theories ; his seal for hia sovereign , a love of despotism ; and , after six months of struggling with the irresolution of Richelieu , and opposition to the fatal determinations of M . _Decazes , Vaublanc quitted the Cabinet . We will , h ereafte r , notice under what conjuncture of circumstances his resignation took place .

      Corosponsnur,

      _CorosponSnur _,

      The Proposed Electors Asd Son-Electors L...

      THE PROPOSED ELECTORS ASD SON-ELECTORS LEAGUE FOR TIIE _ABOLITION OF NATIONAL WRONGS . Be men , be what you were before ! Or weigh the great occasion , a nd b e more !' to tbe editcb cf the _sortdebh stab . _Enikv to National Wbokgs , I return yon many thanks for the insertion of my ar . ticie ' upon this subject , because , though I hare no ambition to firm snch league , yet I trust it will be formed _, and by enemies to wrong generally . We have wrongs npon wrongs , andin nearly every case one solitary soeiety to ' get rid of (?) them . These societies ( which ara seldom heard of ) cost a great deal of money , and serve to split the people into paltry littla sections , rendering

      them more disunited ( and powerless for good ) than they otherwise might be . Theie societies are selfish , too ; each aims only at tbe abolition of one particular wrong , and to ask them to' go further , 'is to incur tba displeasure of all the _blaclc-cloih and black-legs of Ere ter Hall , whera societies against National Wrongs usually meet : very well—taese societies , as I have stated , aro very expensive , and effect so much good tbat you cannot see it . Would it not be much better for the' prime movers' in each affair to form a National union against National Wrongs ? Ay , and more especially since such prime movers are nearly all agreed that every wrong ought to be abolished , for the ssme party which denounces at Exeter Ilall one wrong to-day , will denounce another on the' morrow , and so on , through tbe week , though tbey

      will not 'come ont' ( as they ought to do ) against every wrong at ence . So much for these political hucksters , theso vendors of piece-meal wrong . Let us not be like them , no ! let us deal with National Wrongs as auctioneers deal with disagreeable articles , put them in one lot and knock them donn for a _trifls , for a trifle only from each it would be , to gettid of aU the wrongs this nation is afflicted witb , if they adopt the course suggested . There would be no league like our league , and good H . P . ' _s instead of _abonuoableM . P . ' s would prove whether or not we had united fer a good purpose : If we were as terribly in earnest as we ought to be , no advoca t e tit National wrongs would venture to come forward as a candidate , therefore oar candidates would have a clear course ; and if we could not send to Parliament better

      men tbaa thc ' respectables' have erer yet sent m , we would consent _] to call ourselves * respectable , ' which wou l d be a h ea vy d a y i n de e d f or Char t i s m , seeing tbat to be respectable is ; as the world now goes , to be one w > . o is lost even to common deceecy . Let us come out then en _uasie against all wrongs ; let bs no longer ' tinker the sate ' with patchwork remedies for _wrongs , and in expensive little societies which are seldom , if ever , heard of , but let us be resolved , as the enemies to the Game Laws have been , o send into parliament men who will do more good than little societies could . This is 118 way to go to work . Poland sever went to work in tli ' _l way , had she deno so , she wonld net bs fallen as sbe is ; unless we do so , or rather , unless we look more to the representative system tban we have done , ' tbe fate of Poland may be ours , and we shall deserve it !'

      Yours , against National Wrongs , _IIesit Dowell _Gairrnns , Republican MarjUbone , August 20 th , 1847 .

      The Queen In Scotland. • The Court Is No...

      THE QUEEN IN SCOTLAND . The court is now fairly settled amongst the Gram piacs , and perhaps , since the days when Robert tbe Bruce was hunted by the bloodhounds of his dutiful subjects , no monarch has erer dwelt in snch absolute fastnesses as those which have been chosen for the _antnmnai residence of Queen Victoria . To be sore , the Jameses used occasionally to make Highland progresses , to the terror of evil-doers , a class which unhappily comprised no inconsiderable portion ofthe _Jairda , who raled the roast among the hills , and who had most _confused notions of mcuin and tuum _, particularly when the pronouns referred to any body else ' s cattle . James V ., I think it was , who held the most famous of these assizes . The _proceedings as might ba expected , were by no moan 3 characterised bv the law ' s delay , as indeed the delinquent

      chieftains sometimes felt to their cost , when they were triced np without the slightest ceremony to a convenient branch of their own trees . Queen Victoria ' s rei _^ n , however , is more pleasant , both for subjects and sovereign , and although huzzas and triumphal arches may be somewhat stale , most assuredly they are more agreeable things tban the ancient features of a royal progress , pit aod gallows . loch La < rgan is a stern black-looking lake , lying in sulien stillness amongst wild mountains and dreary moor . It has no historical features—no features of peculiar beanty . The lodge , a small but snug building , lies close to tbe water , backed by belts of flourishing pine trees , while all around rises a sea of dreary hills and brown moors , dotted with shaptles 3 blocks of granite .

      Ciur . y Macpherson , at the head of some thirty arrafcQ men of bh clan , received the royal party . A green silk standard , bearing tho family arms , was displayed . This ancient Hag has seen some service nnd a few changes . Thc Macphersons were keen _parl ; z « 3 of the * King over the water , ' and the _einblaz'jced banner whicii on Saturday floated over Queen Victoria , was unfurled in 1715 , under thc _leadershiooftheEarlofMar , and in 1745 in the anny of Charles Edward . Surely it was an apostate banner . Bat Clnnj ' s sword was not much better . It was a dajmoro which his _| grandfather wielded ai CuV : _octr ; . r . ot _^ _ai : tty open what is the popular side _now-a-dsys , _* ki ! e the targe whicii the chieftain nrrH ' "sd been _c-nce home by no _leBa a per * souse'i & K tbe _Ycnag _Chsvalie ? ' _liimseft

      Ju&Lft Fctftrurtot.

      _Ju & _lft _fctftrurtot .

      ~"Ivrterswgeammarr... No. 2.. ¦ . /.;

      _~ _"IVrTERSWGEAMMARr ... No . 2 .. ¦ . / . ;

      TO , THE WORKING CLASSES . Mt beak FribMiS , My last letter to you was occupied principally with the subject of Orthography , and I must make a few more observations on this part of Grammar , before I proceed to the other divisions of it . , _, Words , as I told you , were formed of letters , and I urged on you the necessity of learning what letters constitute any word ; that is , I advised you to acquire the art of spelling correctly . I must now add that it is not sufficient to know only what letter * make up anv word , you must also leant to- divide

      words into syllables properly . Syllables are the separate sounds any word contains . Some , words have only one sound—some have two , oc more . You must not judge entirely from the length of the word of the number of syllables it contains , the rule being that where oue effort of the voice only is required , the word contains but one syllable , whilst perhaps a much shorter word may require two or three distinct efforts of articulation , and he spelt , therefore , in as many syllables . For instancesthought , bright , dream , are words of one syllable ;

      whilst _ma-ny , ve-ry , a-ny , have two syllables , though they contain fewier letters ; and _a-ni-mal , e-ve-ry , e-ne-my , have three syllables , notwithstanding they require no more letters to make them . Word 3 sliould always be divided as nearly as possible in the way in which they are pronounced . That is , in the most natural and sensible way . There is no other art in separating words into syllables . Thus you would not divide the word jewel , je-wel , because you would not pronounce it in that manner—you would separate it thm , jew-el . Agony would be divided _ag-o-ny , not a-go-ny , for the same

      reason . You must be careful , when writing , to divide your words properly ; if you have not room to put the whole of a word on a line , write one or two syllables and put after them two little lines ; thus ~ , and begin the following line of your letter with two similar marks beforeryou conclude your word , to show that it is only part of a word . A word of one syllable must , of course , never be divided : if you have not room to write it properly on the line leave the space and begin the next ; line . Never , crowd your words together , but write so that the render of your letter may find no difficulty in understanding

      what you mean . 1 ? or this purpose you should also strive to obtain a good clear hand—no acquirement is so necessary and so truly valuable as a clear legible , business handwriting . It not only is a source of recreation to yourself and your friends , but it makes you competent fo hold many situations for which you would not otherwise be _qualified . A bad hand-writing , ' says NiEBuim , _" ' ought never to be forgiveu—it is shameful indolence . Indeed , sending a badly . writteti letter to a _fellow-crcature is as impudent an act as I know of . Can there be anything more unpleasant than to open a letter which at once shows that it will require hours to

      decipher ? Besides , tbe effect of the lelter is gone if we must spell it . Strange—we carefully avoid troubling other people , even with trifles , or to appear before them in dress which shows negligence or carelessness , and jet . nothing is thought of giving the disagreeable trouble of reading a badly written letter , Although many people may not have made a brilliant career ly their fine penmanship , yet I know ihat not a few have their prospects ruined by a bad _hfmd-xcriling . ' Do not think this a matter of slight importance . To the man who has no ambition—no desire to be wiser or happier , or more honoured than he is—who is contented to exist

      from the cradle to the grave , just earning enough to feed and clothe himself and his family , and no more hope of raising thera or himself , than have the chickens that pick up his grain , or the hog in his stye , it may indeed be of no consequence to write well . Such a man , ( but he is unworthy of the name !) can have no thoughts worth communicating , and consequently no use for the blessed power of freely expressing thsught . But I do not suppose that I am addressing such men ; such men would not read my letters . I am writing to those who wish to improve , who desire to , ra _' se themselvesto cultivate their minds , and to show that the

      working men of England are worthy of possessing the privileges , civil and political , which they are so ambitious of obtaining . Beyond question the best method of obtaining a good clear hand is to use ' Foster ' s Pencilled Copy Books' by that clever and practical man , MrB . F . Foster , who has devoted a life-time to the consideration of the best method of teaching writing and arithmetic , and whose books , all prepared with suitable and progressive copies , are certainly the greatest improvement in the art of teaching , this age has produced . Besides , they are considerably cheaper than the ordinary books which have no copies attached to them .

      I may as well mention now that it is my intention to bring to your notice any work , invention , or improvement , that may come under my own observation , and that I may consider it desirable for you to be acquainted with . And if you fiad any part of my letters which you do not clearly understand , I will gladly afford you any further information , provided you confine your questions to the consideration of what / have written , and do not digress into any subjects of which I may he about to write .

      Before concluding the subject of Orthography , I must tell you that the letters are divided into vowels and consonants . The vowels are A E I O U . The other letters are consonants . They are so called , because they require the help ofa vowel in sounding them ; thus the letter B is pronounced BE ; L is sounded EL ; whereas the vowels are complete sounds of themselves . Orthography , then , or the art of Spelling , is extremely necessary to be acquired , because without knowing it well we cannot be sure that wc are writing that which we meau to write . I need say no more to induce you tu pay strict attention to this acquirement , and wiil proceed at once to the consideration of Eiymology , which teaches the power and changes of words .

      All the words it is possible to utter are divided into nine kinds , tr , as they are generally termed , Parts of Speech . They are The Article , Noun , Ad jective ,. Pronoun , Verb , Adverb , Preposition , Conj unc t ion , and Interjection . The first part of speech , and that which also contains the fewest words , is The Article . There are two - articles , The , which is called the - definite article , and A or As , which is termed indefinite . If you are at a loss for the meaning of these words , I will tell you that Definite means certain , fixed , aud Indefinite signifies uncertain . For instance , you read mv letters to you at definite periods—once a

      wee _£ _,-butl may write them at indefinite periods , two or three in one week , with an interval of two or three weeks before I write more . Now , if 1 say , * A Pole who bled for his country , ' you cannot tell who I mean ; but , ' Thk Pole who bled for his country , ' marks some particular one . The can be used either of one thing or of many ; we may say , the tyrant , ' or the 'tyrants / hut A can be used but of one thing , or one collection _^ of things , —a field , a plum , a scare of plums . As is the same as A ,- it has the same powers , and is used before all vowels ,

      and before a silent H , for the sake of a pleasanter sound . We say an apple , an hour , because a apple , a hour , would sound disagreeably . _^ But although we _generally use an Article before the names of things , we do not do so when we mean the whole of the kind , because articles limit the sense of words . If speaking cf the effects of sloth , we should say , « Idleness ( that is all idleness ) is destructive to health and happiness ; ' but if we were speaking of the indolence of any particular person , we should say , ' The idleness of that man causes his destruction . '

      I hope you now understand the peculiar uses of the two articles . jThe definite article , The , speaks of some particular person or thing , and when used gives emphasis to the sentence . 1 Thb friend of the people , ' is a very much stronger phrase than A friend of the people ; ' the first sentence implies that the person of whom we were speaking is the greatest and most distinguished friend the people possess . ' A friend' is merely one among many . "Wc will nest 'week consider the second Part of Speech , the _ftouj , - ; meantime , 1 think you will find in the study of this letter ample emp loymen t . You must learn the name 3 of the Parts ol Speech by heart , and try to be quite familiar with every word in the letter .

      I nm , Yosr very sincere friend , M , M , r

      The Recent Inybstlgaxion At Sleaford..™»...

      THE RECENT _INyBSTlGAXION AT SLEAFORD . . _™» _r p l _^\ ' o / the _magistratfls was mad , !« _H ? ' ? _£ ! — tiDff waa addressed by Ernest Jones , 5 £ 2 r ° _^ w ; njf account of the same is taken from the _tT n \ , S ' an L _^^ _hire Herald , which ha . IT _^' ! ° ker 0 M ° ' P <*« f'Chartist Wood _, hounds , ' nnd heads the report — OUTRAGEOUS EXHIBITION OP WEDNESDAY

      rh _^! _M . ' _hli 6 aid ' wUh 0 Uta _Min _* ° ' _Sreat pain , to _tlT ut ° \ w _™ i 0 » «<* "ad called : him ' a mon h _^ L _? _£ _? mtb reference to ; tt _»» «* " «¦ , U- _«» _S _» M m ¦ ' !?¦ * 8 , in _! ulBnt *» « ertion , if anything could il um . ua the torch _talight the _peaplo on the path of liberty and independence , it _muit surely be- found i _» an oCcnr « nceBoatroeiou » as _, that which had recently taken place . He bad seen _mueh of _junice and wisdom inthe manufacturing aud _aartcuhural districts t ' hui 1 _^ _confessed he had never beforo witnessed such an exhibi tion as that whicii had juat terminated on the maKi 8 io " rial bench at Sleaford . ( Hear . * - That which bad taken place _lutbejustice-room of this town within the last

      _rtree days could not have happened in Lancashire , ia _Tforksbire _. _in _Hotttaglmmshlre , or h > any of lbs populou , manufacturing districts of England . , and why ? Did tbey think that the wealthy , the _privileged classes , the aduwdstrators of theiaw * _wl _. _ich _they _^ _themselves . nude fer their own benefit , were wore lovers of order , more attached to justice , more _tehdw in their regards lor the working , classes , in those districts , than they were in Sleaford ? Not a bit ; they wire much on a par in _. ho « e respects . The reason was , that tha men were more dotormined and nnited-the people better organised , more active advocates of th « principle * of progression , mote zealous defenders of their own rights and _privileges than they were here ; and from _. that fact alone , tlie _privileged classes dare not tyrannise over them as they here had

      recently seen them do . . ( _Clu-ors . ); Could they doubt that ihey iu Lincolnshire possessed equal power if tbey were but determined to oxorcis ' e it f True it was , that in agricultural districts such . asthiB , the population was more widely scattered than iu thelarge manufacturing t owns , but so also were the numbers of their oppressors ; and if the opportunities of tbe people to unite Were less , the power of the aristocracy ts oppress thorn was less also , ( Hear . ) He was ngreat enemy and opponent to any breach of the peace ; he would uphold the law ; hs would support justice and not anarchy ; but he insisted it ° was impossible justice could ever bo maintained unless the rights ofthe people were properly guarded . Look at the constitution of the country ; they never heard of any attempts to tyrannise _ovtr churchmen , over

      the army , or the navy , over the great landed aristocracy , or the wealthy classes ; and why ? because all those classes were represented ; and he would ask could any man's interests be so well looked after as by himself ! could any oue tell whero the shoe pinched but he who wore it ? ( Cheers . ) :. Tet all classes were represented in the state excepting one—the largest and most important —tbe _worltin _; class . ( Hear . ) They must look for a remedy of this evil to an extension of the franchise ; was it not monstrous , that out of a population of seven mil . lions , 800 , 000 alone were electors ? Why was this J By what right could one-sixth of the _pi-opie claim the power to legislate for the whole , of the people ? Had tliey all tbe wisdom of tbe nation S Was the head of an elector six times tha siw of that of a non-elector 1 ( Hear . ) The

      only real difference between them and the privileged classes was tbe advantages of education ; but God had implanted in tbe minds of alia knowledge of right and wrung ; he defied thc humblest individual before bim to commit a murder , or a manslaughter , ( groans ) without having a consciousness in his own breast , tbat be had done wrong . Wonld they , he _askoil , be guilty of such riot and turbulence ai had been perpetrated by the _miniens of tbe law in Sleaford within the last few days ? No . ( Cheers . ) And yet they were compelled to toil , to pay by taxation to support an empty authority which enabled others to do it . God had indeed said tbat men should live by tbe sweat of his brow , but he never said that he should starve by the sweut . of bis brow ; yet that wus what the people were doomed to , with the promise

      that ii tbey consented to be trampled on and degraded , they would stand a chance of being cherubim in H -aven , ( Hearaud cheers . ) - How far nobler in the wealthy and _powerful , by the exercise of Christian charity and for . btarance to tarn this earth into a paradise tor all , ( Applause . ) [ Mr Jones then proceeded to recommend at great length p ome association rcoently established in the metropolis under the title of the National Land Company , by a number of Chartists and others . ] He contiuued : he would now allude to the _melnncholy event which had caused his attendance in Sleaford j as he had before stated , he had frequently come in contact , and bad something to do with other county _mngistrates ; but be had never seen such an extraordinary exhibition of justice as he had witnessed that day in that room ,

      ( pointing to ths sessions-house ) . He had produced six . teen credible and respectable witnesses , some of them special constables , who had all sworn tbat the unfortunate deceased , Dodsen , was not concerned in a riot—that there was no riot at all—that no policeman waB struck or laid hands upon—that no rescue was attempted—that Dodson was innocent of any outrage . Othor witnesses had accounted for what he had done from tho time of the election up to the moment at which he was struck down by the _policsman's staff . In opposition to this , thc counsel for the defence had produced twelve witnesses ; and tbey proved—what ? that the deceased was under the gateway 1 that the police were struck ? that tnero was a row f No ! every one of them corroborated tho witnesses for the pro » ecuilon ; no policeman was

      struck ; no man laid hands npon the constables . Tno only swore that ' they saw the deceased at all ; and one oi them confessed _, ' that ho had never soen his face , and might have been mistaken and the other said , that though he had seen his face , he also migbt have been mistaken . ( Groans and applause . ) And yet , in opposi . tion to , and in the faco of this weight of testimony frt > m both sides , these men , blgottcd—ignorant ofthe laws of their country—who dared to call themselves magistrates ( groans)—hud given a solemn decision . ( Loud applause . ) Nay they had done more : when Mr Bedford was examined , on the point of tbe policeman's sobriety , he said , 1 1 believe he was not intoxicated , but I did not take particular notice , as I was attending to the wound . ' He ( Mr J . ) wanted those words to be put down , as thsy

      ougbt to have been ; tbe magistrates objected tothe latter part of the sentence ; the room was cleared , and when they were called back , the bench hud decided thut tho words should not be taken as evidence . ( ' Shame . ') Auiong the magistrates , however , wa s one wor th y an d excellent man , Ur Aliix ; aud he at once nobly entered his protest against that decision . ( Three cheers f _« r Mr Allix . ) Did they call that justice ? ( 'No . ') And what did they think of the verdict ? ( A voice , * Awful ! ' ) He would tell thera what the law was ; if a riot had taken place , a nd wa s over , no polictman had a right to strike a m a n . The riot—if riot there bad been—was over when the mau was struck , Moreover , if a _polfcemaa tries to take a man , and he resists tbe capture , if tho of . fence is only a misdemeanour or a breach of the peace ,

      and the policeman struck him and death ensued , it wouldbo manslaughter aud even murder . ( Renewed cheers . ) That was not his opinion alone , it was the law of the country : and he would ask _tbim _, did tkeBe men know the law ! ( 'No . ' ) Further , if a man re ceived a wound at the hands of a policeman under these circumstances , no matter how unskilful the medicul treatment might bo , if he died , it would be still man . slaughter . ( Applause . ) This was tho law . _Nowwhou these magistrates had given their decision , ho supposed they thought the case was settled : ho would tell thera the cose was only just begun . ( Cheers . ) When they had _ar-nouneod to him their judgment he observed , ' Very well , your worships , that is your decision , and wc must bow to it for tbe present ; but I will tell you , that

      we shall take the case to tho assizes , aod tbat if we cannot obtain justice at tbe assises , we are prepared to take it ta the House of Commons . ' ( Loud cheeis . ) 'I tell you , » y friends , ' continued Mr Jones , with much excite ment , ' . that I consider it a most atrocious and infamous decision , and if I walk from London to Lincoln , if It costs £ 1 , 000 , justice shall he done . ' Oneof _tiiemagistrates said to him , ' If you _intended to take tho _caso to Lincoln after all , why did you give us all this ( rouble ?' He replied , ' We shall _takolt to Lincoln , and we can do so without you ; but ne brought it btforo you first to try you . ' Yes , it was the magistrates of Sleaford who had been for tho last three days on iheir trial . ( Loud cheers . ) Ho knew very well what these _landlordumagistrates were ; in the agricultural districts they had had it all

      their own way for a very long time ; but he would tell them tliey had struck tho wi-0113 man _whsn they struck _downamembtsrof the Land Company . ( Cheers . ) ln the defence of such a man tbe Compnny , and the united Chartists of England , wete determined * to _comtforwasd —a body of three millions strong _repsasented by a moat powerful press , iu whic h , by tho cud of the week , a full report of all these disgraceful proceedings would be published for the enlig htenment of thousands of readers , trom tho Land ' _s-End to Johu-o . & i-oats , representing these landlord-m agistrates as proger objects for the ridicule and contempt of the great , _fi-ee , and . progressive party io tho nation . ( Cheers . ) , 'And , ' cou tl uucd M r Jones , * I will also tell tho policemen , that I will have my eye upon them ; and that MI hear of _uny outrage

      ous conduct on their part—it" 1 lind tbey _htwo committed any illegal act—even though I am compelled to come down irom 1 / ondon at my cwn expense , [ K voice : You shall have a carriage and four . ' ) I will gift their conduct to the bottom . ' ( Cheers . ) Humble individual as he was , he was tlie representative ef a great , a strong , a progressive , an invincible party ' ; there were a thousand _mtiiniuch moveable than himself , ready at 11 moment _' _s notice to defend their fights , to protect them from _tirannical oppression . ( Loud cheers , ) He repeated , thisca 60 should be sifted to the bottom , and if it took £ 1 , 000 , the money was ready iu tho country . ( Cheers . ) Ho would tell the magistrates another thing ; ihey bad many powerful _advocates and ( viands : had General ofthe

      they never heard of Roberts , tho Attorney . working classes ? Had they forgotten the case of two magistrates at _Wai-riugton , who persecuted 11 working men for what they called a combination , and _agaiust whom the Trad * _s Cnion mid Chartists had set so powerful 0 current of popular indignaiien , that theiso _magistrates were forcod to throw up their commissions ? And what they had done with the powerful _fActory lords ofthe north , they would ca _> ily ttfect with the weak landlords of the south . ( Loud applause . ) Mr Jones then proceeded to adiise his heurus that , as it was their _deeire and objrCt to ktliberty aad peace go hand In hand , tliey should leave riot and turbulence t « tho _factious—bloodlUstftoftsiroflKM . _ww- _'avl \! mi \<\ tk « _miutouj ol

      The Recent Inybstlgaxion At Sleaford..™»...

      th « pt ' _)*<» - while they maintained _pescoand _ordrr _, bear _, ing _ao , ' Will to any man ; however much he might _haveioj ured them . ( Cheers . ) . 'And / _lie coholudcd , ' when th men here ( pointing tothe _sessious . _house ) get _tooextran ' _&« nt m tbeir antics , or too strong for youthouah it v . "I be your own fault if you Ut them—write Immediately tothe executive in London , and t h ey will settle tho qui ' 'Ion for you . ' ( Cheers . )

      ¦ -',;- (Fr, Ora The Stahfoid Mbrcorv.) ...

      ¦ - ' , ; - ( Fr , ora the _Stahfoid Mbrcorv . ) A very afii . ctii <{ f scene was witnessed" in th is town on Sunday evening i _« st , occasioned by the conveyin ? to their place of sepv _dchra , ofthe remains of William Dodson , the young mi m who was unfortunately kili _~< j on Wednesday , fhe _4 tt' inst ., ( the day of election ) , fey a blow upon hl » head _^ rom 'he truncheon ofa police-officer named Shnrpe .. T & _i' funeral procession , he . « _ideg a large ' number of moiiim ' _i rs , ' was attended by 90 members of tho-Feeling _FfmvtLot . ' _^ of Odd Fellows , to which society' the decea * e

      usual obsequies , a path _>? we address was read over the grave by Mr Jacff 3 on ' a m . _-smber of the lodge . A pregnan * widow Is hit' tbbew _* . " the untimely and tragical en * of an nffoctionate _huslui nd , so cruelly torii from her at tSc age of 27 _yenvsi Tba . now bereaved and afflicted parents ofthis young man reA de at _'Cranwell _, near Sleaford . In his boyhood ; Wm . lit 'dson was _apprenticed to Mr Greenwood , of this- plaeer , who states tliat ' a more orderiy and _better-coaducteiJ . youth never entered his doors . During the last four yen rs he had been in the employ _ef-Mr _George _Baoou , and was highly respected , both by bis-master and hia-fellow , workmen , leaving an exemplary character for _steadra ess , wbrioty , and industry . A _> great numberof _pvno . ns assembled in the Marketplace-to witness the meor nful trura , aad one general feeling of regret at the _melancholy event , and commiseration for the sorrowing fries ds of thodeceasod . seemed to pervade all classes .. ¦ . . r ' '

      (From Thelihooiftvkutiaui,. Ino Sta Mfob...

      ( From _theLiHooiftvKuTiAui ,. ino Sta mfobd _Mraouar-. Frid « y , Aut'Uht 27 , 1817 . ) _StBAroBD , —The Fatal _EtuoTioN Ri ' _t-T _.-i-The-txelte . m « nt . _occasioned by the , death of poor Dodson , on the 4 th inst , by a blow from the staff of Sharp 0 , the _stM « _-in . tendent of police at . this place , still continues _ainanM _. t tho thinking part of the community , os wt lias amongst the poorer classes , with whom Dodson m < iy be saiti'to _hiive . been associated . We have received various communications on the subject from _covrespone _' _ents _atStenfoi-d and tbe neighbourhood ; and from all we are enablid to collect , we aro induced to believe H ' will be some _tircreere that _oxcitvment ceases . We regret , alw , that tb > _- proceedings which havo taken plaoe since the decease cf ' the poor man , havo not been such as to satisfy either hi * - relatives or the public . Nothing could have been mora impolitic inthe first instance than the swearing in of I M > m » of the greatest _blackguards in * the town as special constables ; for every sensible man Is aware that theso

      are the parties who are invariably the first to create , a disturbance . There are , also , strong _mumurs thatthe jury empanelled _toinqnirs iuto the cause of death should have _consisted of Mr Warwick , the manager of the Sleaford Bank , and county treasurer , ( foreman ) ; and Mr Cbas . Kirk , builderand county surveyor ; for , although their respectability ig not disputed , the very _rircumstapce of their being ' under the control of tho _touuty _authorities is calculated to operate against tbeir unprejudiced opiuions . Then , again , with _reference , to the _proceedings before the magistrates , the public were not likely to feel that respect whicii could be wished for a p » rty of gentlemen who allowed their clerk to assume the-part of an advocate , and to _cross-esamine the witnesses upon whose evidence the application for a warrant against Sharpe for _manslaughter , was eithtp to _b-i received or rejected . Upon the whole , as we havo remutked , the fcoliDg of the public has been greatly outraged , and it will requireinore than the usual tact of the party in power to allay if ,

      Police Constable $Barpe, As Well As The ...

      Police constable $ barpe , as well as the late William Dodson , was a member of the Feeling Heart Lodge of Odd Fellows— -. mdoh Tuesday ; ' the 21 th ult ; , ' a special committee of . the whole lodge was appoiuled to investigate his conduct relative to the death of poor Dodson , A Her a _curt-ful hearing of tlie case , on the examination of several eye-witnesses of thc fact , and in the absence of any palliating circumstances , the committee , in justice to their deceased brother , cttme to a unanimous _i-eeision thatthe extreme penalty which the law of Odd _Fellowship pronounces upon a number of tlie Order who is found guilty of an outrageous or a disgraceful crime , _shiuld , in this instance , be inflicted—viz ., tbat of EXPi'isiotf . _Sharpu will , from tbe step thuB taken . be forever disqualified to become a member of the Order—and his nume and the charge ou which he is expelled , will be printed , and circulated in every lodge connected with the Manchester Unity .

      Thu deceased , who was a past _officer of the lodge , wa _< highly respected by his brother Odd Fellows . A more amiable and consistent member of society , there could not be . TheFeel % Heart Lodge at this town has been established about ten years , and this is the first case of expulsion to be recorded in its history .

      To Thb Editor Of Tne Noktueenstab ' . Th...

      TO THB EDITOR OF TnE _NOKTUEENSTAB ' . Thb late _Homicide at Sleatord . —After an investigation occupying nearlj threo days , the magistrates have decided that the act of policeman Sharpe , in killing Dodson , amounts only to excusable homicide . The case has excited the greatest interest in that town and neighbourhood , and tbe universal impression is , that justice _hus been sacrificed to party feeling on the bench .. Let us see how far this opinion is borne out by the facts and ' tho _hw , I will state __ tho' _fucts most strongly in favour of Sharps . A disturbance took place at the Bristol Arms Hotel , at Sleaford , on the day of the South Lincolnshire election . One of the ringleaders was taken into custody , and after a violent and protracted struggle , iu which , however , no act of violence to thu police was proved , he ivns safely conveyed to the lock-up . Au attempt ivns

      then made by the police to secure another man wbo is stated to hare tsken a leading- part in tbe affray . The mau was seized , but made his escape without any assist * ance from the crowd . He _wub pursued hy Sharpe . who beiog unable to overtake him , turned upon tho crowd , who were iollowing him , and struck Dodson a violent blow on tho head , which caused bis death . Twentyeight witnesses were examined—sixteen on tbo part of thu prosecution , and twelve on the part of iliedoft-t . ee . Tbe whole of these witnesses deposed that tliey never saw a policeman - struck , or molested in sny way . Special constables aud others _swe ' re that , in . their opinion , there was no attempt at a rescue , nor was any one of ttnir body attacked . Had it been necessary , hall tho town would have testified to the peaceable ,

      inoffensive and industrious character of the poor man who was killed . These arc the facts , stated much more favourably for Sharpe thau the _rireummiu . ceft warrant . Now lot us apply tho law to these facts . Homicide is of three kinds—justifiable , excusable and felonious . It is laid down in Blackstonc , vol . 3 . p . 180 that Homicide for tbc advancement of public justice is justifiable only where thero is an apparent necessity on the officers side . That such a necessity existed in this case has never been , and never can be contended , for one sit . gle moment . The next question then is , is tho homicide in this _oase excusable ! Excusable homicide is of two kinds ; either plo _infortuniem , by misadventure ; or se defendendo _, upon a principle of self-presomtion , _BlackBtoue , vol . 3 . p . 182 . Tbere was no reason In this case tu contend tlint

      the blow was given in self-preservation , aad _conscqaently such a defence was never set up to the prosecution . The inquiry , _ibtrkfeuv , resolves _itcelf simply into this , was this a case of homicide by m ' sudventure ? Turn again to Blackstoue , and hs tell ; , us , that whca _. an oflicer ¦ _punishiait a criminal , ' happens to occasion . his death , it is only misadventure ; 'for the act of correction was lawful . ' _Blackstono eaprcssly confines that case to 'punishing a criminal , " where tbe act of correction is lawful ; ' and even in such _casoa , lie _shjs , if the officer exceeds the bounds of moderation _citht-r in the manner , the _iuttrumont , or tho quantity of punishment , and . death ensues , it is manslaughter at least , and _accsrdiug . to tbe circumstances , tuur . cr : for the aot ofimmodcrsto correction is unlawful . Apply this law to tha case

      before us . If there is truth in man , if any importance is to attach to evidence , Dodson . was innoeent of any active participation iu the disturbance that bad taken place . I ' _affim , and I challenge _contradiction to the _asawtion , that there was not the slightest r & _asou for Etzikiag Dodson . He was uot a criminal , _lidefy legal ingenuity to torture his acts into criminality ; and tho act cf _correction must , therefore , have _bcaa unlawful . Here 1 might take my stand ; and ou thi & ground aloaa , were there no other , I might denounca the decision , of thc Hench as _um-iasonable and unjust . But I will go . a step further -, and I say that , if Dodson had beea , the roost active man in tho crowd , tho act of correction , was still illegal , because it was immoderate . Tw » medical men of tho highest respectability deposed tothe extreme violence

      of the blow , and a host of witnesses swore that , to the best of their belief , it was aimed at his head . 1 am ashamed of attempting to support , by any _further legal nuthorites , _ncasa which _etands on the _first ' aitd plainest principles ofjustice . But in ordu to convince the most sceptical , how impossible it is to bolitci- up this case with any pretence or shadow cither of reason or of justice , 1 will quote from Archbold _' s Pleading and _Kvidenceiu Criminal Oases , 10 th edition , p . 423 . l Where an officer having legal authority to apprehend a ' man , atteiniits to d o so , and the man , instead of _mating flies and is killed by the officer in the puvanit , if the man was charged with 0 breach ofthe _p-ac , or otho * _misde . meimov merely , the killing woald be murder ; unless , indeed , the homicide wore-occasioned by means not likely or intended to kill , f ueh as giving him ti blow from an ordinary cudgel ; in which vase , at most , she homicide would bo manslaughter only . ' I ask , can any thing bo

      more explicit than this ? U must be renumbered , how . _tver , that Sharpe hnd no legal authority to apprthond Dodson , because Dodson was an _unoffiinding and an innocent man , Au attempt was made to piotc tbat Dodson was encouraging the . ve _>« w of anothc * man , and this is urged as a justification . I deny the fact : but admitting it , listen again to Archbold . « Whew an officer is resisted in the legal execution of his duty , he m a y r e pe l for c e by force : and if in _doivvg so , lie kill the party resisting him , U is "j \ u > t \ fiaUe homicide . Wl & t are the words litre ? ' _tcpel force by force . ' ' Kill the party resisting him . ' Now , out of tho 28 witnesses who were examined , there was not one who deposed to . She fact ofa physical and forcible resistance to tbc police on _thepai-tofDodsoB . Sharpe . wub not attempting to apprehend him ,- and he never offered the slightest resist ance . Again , At cbbold says , 'There must be aa apparent _nwwitj for tfe _« _klllinj : for if tlie « fiwr ff _« e » kill

      To Thb Editor Of Tne Noktueenstab ' . Th...

      after the _renstance had c _„ a , Bd , or if there were no reasonable _necewity for thevlol . _nce used on the part of the officer the killing „ _-oul d be manslaughter'it least ' : _Wtlh these facts and this law before him , every man rf common sense and common honesty may be lef » with safety tirtorm his own conclusion . I bare proved that th 9 homicide was not ju'tifliibl- ; and that it _* a » not excusable on thegrourid of _stlf-defericei I have also " proved ' thatit was not homicide by misadventure , _becauw Dodson was innocent , and therefore , 'there _wasnoreason for striking him at all , and because , if ho had been guilty , the act of correction was immoderate and therefore illegal .-: If , then , the homicide be neither justifiable nor excusable , it must be felonious , nnd I have shown by the hitthest legal authorities that it is felonious , au d that itamounts to manslaughter atlcast ,

      If the law is an I have stated it , the magistrates should have known it : ignorance is no excuse . _Whether thej have knowingly denied justice to those who _Jooghtlt , is a question for their own consciences to' _rietermins . They aro the best judges of their , own _motivss _, ' Ai to what theso motives were , every man will form hi » own opin i on , I am , Sir , . Your obedient servant , _VjsbaS , August 19 th , 1817 .

      __ _J^Lri ^ :

      ___ __ J _^ lri _^

      The * U<Ztzzrr 1u T T . He Barrae8» Von ...

      the * U < _ZtZZrr _T _. he Barrae 8 » Von A _™< autb ' irii _^ n _' , ! 5 oe , he ' been at war with thi 52 ? _SJ ? J _» V _recording to the current _exfulhll 1 ' e _- _¥ takc * a » -activepwtin publish *" ing her own works , and _latelv _begm to tnb Mi - _thT ESS V * ° f her b _^ 8 I , d _^ e _i _bipaf «« £ Sv P ? » c _^ _- _« i » tota . _tradfof , imdVeJ-£ _f ? _T i <> t _^ e « _tf ter f « e * mr » a but * . ? 1 ! _1-j k pay thc >» ualfoK _ThoUawnwwpliod _, _' _-: _inSSt _S V _£ . _'Mwnlfew'fctter ; was cited to > R b 8 fOTe ! * Crirainal _Cbm-tof-llerlin for _libel-£ «» _Ai _? _- _- B 8 ™ tn , p _* an ( l *** ¦ condemned * tcrthree months , imprisonment , with costs . A- private cor . respondent ofour own ' however " _girte-a _LtWand J

      , ; d _ffiRJC _elation of S £ . _SKS . _KfcSSK \ ¦& _£ v' ? u devoted her literary t . _ilent 9 to - zan and labourer in those _remote-provincfs-wlrich _,- _™ , ; scarcely known to the public inhabit ™ - . * _ofte £ . \ tropiis escept 1 rom the _gorbled _accouia of _rewibandl - military justice given by the newspaper * Her - shrewd azd 8 iinpSee 01 nprelifnsio 3 ledher . 1 _tottootv ' trace the _sauso oi ranch of thia misery to _tfco » veil s . which tho despotism of the pol / se throws-over th _& r . true _picttire ; : and she _sought to prittote ' an _inquiry I _pto detail _^ on a modified scale , in the _matter-oMacfc a _jnaanerof-those investigations _whioii-protJuced manw _^

      jsec ai re _ormfcinsEngiaiid . Alany you _^ g m < i # hS _2 * undertook _thFBlrsaion were _crimisaJlv--prosecuted _^ » _sxl'exposed to . suci persecution that they wer « - ' ' _fwceuio abandon the' taik . She has-been invol _» _fi '" _.- _>! , n ?; _. _^ _&& e with the _BcrfJ _^ _mnyisftM- **' ancHhe 0 ourt _$ iS 3 _erthe mantle of a _leaal-decisioiil _- _has-tha satisfaction _ofavengingjitselfsf many a bitter ' troth . she has uttered . This singula ? -woman > _wImk _;? is , now advanced in years , puts manly writers to _^ shame by . her unSinehing defence of _» . rulh _* ud jus- ' _^ tice ;; a : d this determination of her literary , career ? ' - ¦ will redeem tho levity of its _coniniencement .--, & es _* --tatvn . _. _*¦" . . .

      Political- _Goskp-. ' The ordinary _foHoen of th * * political wor . d . at this season is Ju » t now somewhat' _3 re _. ieved by the various intrigues at _wn-k _& _i-.- tho re- ?? seating of the- rejected Ministers . Tho sreat effort _^ is to procure a suitable _constituency willing , to _aci 4 oept of the services of Mr Macaulay _^ l it is aaid */ a negotiation is on foot with SirDe Baey - . _Efam-tfc * _- induce that-gallant officer to resi gn Westminster for ' ' the consideration of'the Governorship _^ -Malta . a _^ post whioh . by tbe way , was offered to . Mr Mon * 0 ierrall ,. and declined . Attempts _arisen progressto induce Mr Barnard to yield _Orcenwicfoto Mr-Ilaivcs ; , biKifthey donotsuccecd . it is _hoped-tbafc the Under-Secretary for the . Oolonics wifthe accepted *; by the people of Stockport , in the room-of Mr . Cobden . Mr fiong _resigns Wiltshire in favour of Sir J : C . Hobhouse . The reports in the journals as to tha batch of now Peers arc correct ; Sir R ; Bj Phillips t he Commoner to be ennobled , is to have the title oF Lord _Mill ' ord : '

      He / apath- triumphantly observes ;— ' The batik has been fought and won in favour of _theTftilway-interest . Railway candidates have , . when _theycamal ' orward ,. nearly in every instance been too stronglor general polities . ' It is stated on good authority , that one . of'th _* houses which failed last week made eighty thousand-[ , _ounds at the commencement of tiie season bv their successful-dealings in Indian corn ! ; . All this hasbeen lost , and a _larse capital besides , by an unfortunate miscalculation of thc fluctuations of the market and the state of the weather 1 At Malta , duelling is permitted bylaw , under thiscurious rcsteictien—that duellists _areetimincd , ia the severest penalties , to desist asd put up their . swords at the desire of a priest , ' a-woman , or . a knii ; ht .

      Returns moved for by the late member for the University ol Oxford , show that the produce of tha post-horse duties in England and Wales amounted , in 184 G ; . to £ 173 , 621 , aud in 1815 to £ -189 , 873 . There was an ejection fight at South Shields , between so many of Mr Wawn's and so many of Mr _. _Whately _' s m ob , or between the ' _Peds and " Blues . ' Next morning , says thi Gateshead * Observer they were black and blue . From a parliamentary return it appears , that an theyrar ending the 5 th January Jnsc , the _stirn ' _of . £ 10 , 550 52 S 19 s . od . was raised hy taxes ih Ureafr Britain , from sources which in _Ireland are not _taxeii at all , More than half the sunt _arises from the Income tax : the other chief items aro windows , scr » _- _vants , carriages , horses , dogs , _stagu and haekaey carriages .

      There were eruptions of Mount Vesuvius on thee-2 nd and Srd of August . On the latter day the stream of lava was fifteen feet in width . Two new but small __ c r aters o p e n ed , and threw- out an _iintnensoquantity of lire and stones . Alt post letters addressed to 1 bankrupt withinthree months after the fiat , will bo forwarded by tiu _* _Postmastex-General 10 the assignees . This is in . force since the 1 st ult . A correspondent ofthe _Timwcomplains of having _, lost documents worth £ 200 consigned to the Postollioe , for which there was no redress or ccinieEsa-; tion whatever . Mr Joseoh Sturge has presented £ 20 to the _Leedfr : Mechanics' Institutions I Forged Stourbridu f 5 notes-are in circulation oi I the date of June 1 , 18-17 .

      It has been calculated Hint tbere are 24 000 forest in a _square inch of the under surface of a pear leaf . _Gnsjp Flour _Association— The working classe * of Hawick , Denholm , and Jedburgh , have now found out the true mode of making a breach in the liigii prices so pertinaciously adheied to by the dealers of tho district , by uniting and procuring _Ittrgesuppliesi . of fl < iur from Liverpool . They havo a _iirst _* rat » _- ' art-tele at a considerable , reduction in price , compared with prices current in this quarter . Tho Prometheus , just returned homo frem . th _> coa & tof Africa , hasboon , _vci-y successful iu . captuc ing slave-chips , having , had sixteen vessels _otui--domned as prizes . She has also been fortunate ia tlie health of her crew , having only lost four _sinca she lias been on _thsstation . Tho Greenock Railway carried last week tlie es » _tvaordin & ry . number of 80 , 233 passengers , .

      At the last _meeting , of thc Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland , Ji _^ Ul , at Londonderry , on the Utk ult ., one-third ef ithe . premiums wore " cairied off . by Scotch farmers ,. __ - Thc _uumben . _of-births in Sweden averages at _gro . sent 225 per day , and the deaths 181 :, Ift e . vopy . 10 ft children born at Stockholm , 89 aro _illogUimativand in the provisoes 2 !) . There are- nearly C ; 600 _post-nHkes and _receiving houses in the United King do m , oiV which about 500 are situated in and sear the _metropolis ..

      Scene \ x as _Ampkicas Pomck _Gorirr . —ike New Orleans Ekayuve gives tho following amusing account of tho cxaraii . at . ioa of two juvenile Jemmy . _Twitciiers before Recorder _Gonarcs . They rejoiced in tho names of James Johnson aud Joseph _Bsowa _, and . wero acciiscd . oi ' abstriicting cakes , from _iveo & _eatand in _tte market :. — ' What do _ysu say to this charge V said the Recorder to them . * Vy vc says not guilty oi ' _oirtU'SO , ' said Johnson ; ' no one _aint bound to criminate hiaself . ' * Yes , but you were se ? u taki & _K _tbe bread by . the negro , ' aaid the Recorder . ' A negro aint o » witness against u white boy ; no how you can fes . it , 'said Brown . 'And besides , ' said Johnson , ' fakes aint broad no more nor fleas sunt

      lobtera- _^ _so there can ' t bo wo indictment loiiml forstealing il . ' _Recordes-- ; _- . ' But another parson besides thc _nogaa woman saw jou take the cakes : tho _commiwary himself Saw jtou do it . ' Brown : ' Veil , vofc of it t it art . 't no busglary , ' cauac it was done in _day-Uehti . fem \ there waxii't no look broken . ' Johnson-: ' Y ©> , ami I should like to ask tho » em ' en as how ha knows , s'pose we did take them , biit that wc meant to , pay for them , . l ! i is not every 0110 that takea t _;> Sflg * on credit that _ctsai bo prosecuted for laroeiicy ~* not by a long shot . ' Recorder < _l _Bot li of you seem to have had no isconsiderablc experience , young ; as you , are , in the ruins of court and criminal practice : have you ever bean had up before a court before .: , _'oiinto that

      _tucreqursson : ' Wo aro not bound answer tion , 'cause our kracten _H _SS _^* r _™^" , _'ft » Krown luida to Johnson ) : . * Rtght , Jiro , mum s tlio word krictcr' mess we ami quite so green m ho _S _' usto be ' Recorder : ' _WellIsballsend both f onto he wc _,- !; lUo . f , r thirty Uavs . You aro evidently too idle , loo vicious , am 1 may add , 100 ounnin" to bo permitted to go al large . ' _Mnson ; 'Wo call ' for « tlial b > ' i ur _*> >' ll 01 , m ! r ' nnd * « _rcedv trial ot- tbat . The _coimitultoi _gnareutei-R u to « . vifvyAIcxicaneitiz _« i , « ml wu : ii ; it j . 'Wi _>? io bo _oWed out ofU . no how . ' Recorder . 'At an events I wi i send vou to the workhouse lor the m ? ci ; t . 1 _wWi to see if 1 canuot leant something maw about vou Johnson . as the _oilier _toi-k them out ot cou r t , ' Veil , _thw , T » _JjlWWtf it IM _v-Vft Se _* ou _* _oulwtyccrpy * ' .... « ...

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 4, 1847, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_04091847/page/3/