Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd March 1850, Edition 3 of 3, Page 8, OLDHAM. On Monday evening a, numerous me...

Page 8
Page 8
8 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • £&&vm85 &c.
    • nni Frinted b y WILLIAM RIDER, of No. 5, MaeclesfieW-st***:
  • Text (13)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      , L " ' Mohpat, Fkbkuast 25. House Of L^...

      present swelled the attorney ' s billof costs insults Iried in the superior courts . - _^ - - - ' Mr . WnxiAUs also approved ofthe motion , on % hieh leave was given , and the bill-brought in . IiAEOUBXBs' _Co-ctaqtb . —Mr . H * a « then rose to propose the following resolution : — « That this house , taking into consideration the condition of the cottages of the labourers of this kingdom , and the want of adequate accommodation for their families , is of opinion that a drawback should in future be allowed on the bricks and timber employed in the construction of cottages , the rent of which shall be under £ i per annum , as a means of lessening the expense of their erection . " He hoped that the name unanimity which had nrevailed

      in the house with regard to the two last resolutions _wouldbe extended to his motion . Those who had been in Parliament so mo time knew tbat when there was a surplus iu the Exchequer a great number of appeals wero made to the government for relief from pressure . He had stated on the first night- of the session that he conceived some relief for the labourer was more called for than any other , and urged upon the house tbe necessity of adopting some measures for the amelioration of the condition of the labouring classes , and more farticularlv as regarded the improvement of their abitations * . He had alluded to tbe strong desire which had been manifested by tbe higher classes durin _** - the last two or three years to increase the

      comforts and promote the health of the labouring classes . "With this view also , they had established boards of health , and bad directed the removal of nuisances , and had passed Acts of Parliament to promote to a very great extent the carrying out of similar objects . Among other improvements they had effected , was the putting a stop to the making cellars in Liverpool , and other places , human habitations . A great number of reports from all parts ofthe country had been printed as to the manner in which the labouring classes were lodged . He -would not trouble the house by reading extracts from these documents , for he hoped honourable members had made -themselves acquainted with these _oaners . Up to very lately tbe condition of

      the labouring classes had been shamefully neglected , and above all by the government . It appeared from statements received from various quarters , that the expense of building cottages for the labouringjclasses was so much increased by the duties on timber and bricks as to operate in many instances as a posi'ive prohibition to their erection . These duties then operated directly as a positive check on ihe social comfort and happiness of the labouring classes . He had recently visited several cottages , and was much struck with one in which were a man and his wife and eleven children , and they were huddled together without regard to decency Ot comfort . He was convinced that the great im-• _oediment to the erection of comfortable cottages

      for the poor which the high duties levied on timber and bricks . The consequence had been , that the proprietors or builders of these cottages bad been prevented from using foreign timber . It was almost impossible to estimate the effect produced by the brick duty upon the erection of these cottages , bnt he had heen informed that ten per cent , on the cost was about the average increase of cost . There was no one who would not regret the uncomfortable state ofthe homes of those classes upon -which so much of the welfare and prosperity of the country depended . One effect ofit might be traced in the consumption of spirituous liquors and in the resort of those classes to public-houses , which offered those comforts and relaxations of wbich

      their dwellings were destitute . Discomfort alienated a man from his home , and it was probable there would not be such a consumption of ardent spirits by the population if the dwellings of the poor were better adapted for health and comfort . Mr . _Laeouchkre repeated the objection with which the motion of Loid IL Grosvenor had been met , namely , that it was desirable to suspend questions of remission of taxes until the Chancellor of the Exchequer bad made his financial statement ; but , independent of this he objected to tbe resolution on its own merits . Mr . Drummosb , in supporting the motion , explained the unjust way ia which he considered tbe tax on bricks operated .

      After some discussion , Mr . Hume -withdrew his motion . Mr . Lact asked leave to introduce a bill for intramural interments , by which railway companies would be empowered to form cemeteries , but , after some discussion , withdrew his motion in order to see the measure ofthe Board of Health on the subject . The house adjourned at twelve o ' clock .

      _WED 5 ESDAY , Feb . 27 . HOUSE OF _COMMONS . — _Mahmage Box . — Mr . _Stoabt Wohixet moved the second reading of this bill . This bill he stated to be nearly the same as that proposed last session . He had , however , withdrawn the cause compelling clergy to solemnise marriages between a man and his deceased wife's sister , leaving that question to the individual conscience of every clergyman . Another clause , by which marriages with a deceased' wife's niece was legalised , had also been removed . The hon . member proceeded to argue that the measure was necessary for the preservation of morality ; was not contradictory to the injunctions of Scripture , and was designed to rescind laws which had

      only stood about fifteen years on the statute book . The marriages which it was now intended to legalise ¦ were not prohibited before 1835 , and up to that year were frequent , especially among the lower classes . No interference with these unions was recorded during the first 300 years of the history of the Christian church ; and even then the prohibition was based npon considerations' of discipline , and without any allegation of scriptural doctrines . Ofthe painful and , in many cases , immoral consequences resulting _fromlthe existing state of the law he adduced many instances , selected from a mass of evidence that had accumulated in his hands He called on tho legislature to interfere ; both for thc sake of future relationships , and in order to place upon a proper basis those connexions which were now placing many innocent parties in a false position in the eyes of society . Sir F . _Thesigek opposed the bill by a motion that tbe read again that day sis months . The measure

      he characterised as having been _prompted by the wishes of a few individuals of high rank , and fostered hy motives of professional interest . The hon . and learned member entered largely into the precedents afforded by ecclesiastical history ; and controverted the positions assumed by Mr . Wortley by a multitude of arguments founded upon the legal , the moral , and the social view of tbe case . He appealed to the church to pronounce a definite judgment on a question that rested entirely upon the doctrines of religion . CoL Thompson supported tbe measure , Mr . Headlam placed the question upon the broad ba 3 is whether there did or did not exist any scriptural prohibition to the unions referred to in the measure . lie argued that no passages could be found prohibiting them in positive terms , and it was fitting to ascertain the interpretation of texts .

      Mr . P . "Wood believed that scripture directly prohibited these unions , and that the prohibition was re-inforced by a variety of other considerations , and the example of the most enlightened among the _heathen nations . Mr . Hope moved the adjournment of the debate , Ci the Speaker ' s account , whose duties required his presence elsewhere , which was agreed to ; and the house r 03 e at a quarter-past four . THURSDAY , _Ffbeuarv , 28 , HOUSE OF LORDS . — The _Pauts _Phocessious _( Ibelakd ) Biii . was then read a second time , after a short discussion . The house then adjourned .

      HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Parliamentary Ke-•{¦ OBit . —Mr . JIuur moved for leave to bring in a bill to amend the national representation , by extending the elective franchise to resident occupiers of houses , or lodgers , for a year , rated to the poor ; and by enacting that votes shall be taken by ballot ; the duration of Parliaments limited to three years ; and the proportion of representatives made more consistent with the amount of population and property . He began by urging the importance of tbe -subject as regarded the peace of the country , the duty of the house to do justice to the people , and our financial situation , the excess of the expenditure having grown up for want a > f due Parliamentary cheek and control .--The representation , it was

      admitted , required amendment ; the only question was as tothe extent and mode . "Universal Suffrage , was demanded by a lai _* ge part of tbe commnnity j he thought that representation ought to be co-exteiisive with taxation . ; Instead of universal suffrage , bis scheme , which was tangible , easily carried out , and which need alarm no one , based the franchise upon ratability to the poor , whereby no trouble , or expense-would be incurred , a registration being already framed : and taking the population at 16 , 000 , 000 ( the number in ISil , ) instead ofa constituency of 800 , 000 , there would be 3 , 232 , 702 electors in England and "Wales alone . He invoked

      the aid of the government , who in their Parliamentary Voters Bill for Ireland , and in their colonial policy , had recognised the right of the people to representation upon a liberal basis—at the Cape the snf & age would be all but universal . The Reform Bill had not fulfilled its object , which was to bring baok the Constitution to its original theory , and that was the object he now aimed at by mean 3 of a principle which was at once simple and uniform . He concluded . b y observing , that whether this waa a question of right , of reason , or of policy and ex-Ped" ? ne 7 » all were in favour of reform . He wished to add to the terms of his motion that there should oeno qualification for members .

      Sir / _JosHCA _Wautslev-seconded the motion . The Fi ° _f ? , i \ sa w growing more and more alive _£ i _ffi ? Slty 0 f _alterinS our _Kpreserf _& tivc sys-& _m £ g 00 d P ° lJcy to make . time"lx _£ onces - TJ _^ Ja i , _« r !'; rSp _^ sented as wel * as * the _^ _represented _^ eheved that it . waSvDf _0 ihya reform of that hou * ethq , burdens whichpress 1 d " upon * _tlieIndustry of the _country could be _' _relKrecl ,-and- 'the time

      , L " ' Mohpat, Fkbkuast 25. House Of L^...

      would come when the demands of tho people could not be resisted . > _.- ;' _-. * : k „ > - . _"?; : '; r--, f Sir Q . Gust complimented Mr . Hume on his consistency and the patriotism , of bis motives . - -He nevertheless called on the house to meet the motion by an immediate negative . The question now before them was not limited to an extension of , the suffrage , a revision of the details , or ; a denial of the finality ofthe Reform Bill . _, On this Mint he would pronounce no definite opinion . on the part of tno government . But what -was now proposed _wasj fweeping change in the . constitution . - " _"Sl in 1832 . At that era the principle of representation and taxation was adopted , accompanied by certain checks to prevent abuses . Those checKs Swere now asked to remove withou providing electoral iau

      any sufficient substitute .. Tbe _oouy _S _Srstated at 800 , 000 It amounted last _vearteWoOO , without including Ireland . Altogether the changes now advocate ? were separated by nothing but an invisible distinction from the Charter asked for by Mr . Feargus O Connor . He denied that it was correct to represent as slaves and bondsmen all those individuals who did not _enioy the franchise . The inequalities inthe doctoral bodies the hon . baronet did not believe to be injurious , and at all events questioned the possibility of tbeir removal . The ministry had proposed large measures of reform for Ireland , and a variety of remedial bills for England , all of which would be stopped if the country were now to be disturbed

      by an agitation for a new Reform Bill . Mr . F . O'Connor said that the right honourable gentleman , like all members of government , admitted the justice of the motion , but said thatthe time was not yet come for granting the demands which it put forth . He ( Mr . O' Connor ) defied that house to continue as it was then constituted . Here on tho bench which he then occupied sat the right hon . baronet the member for Tam worth , surrounded by the members of his party , who based their support on wounded feelings .- At the opposite side sat the noble lord at the head of her Majesty ' s government , supported by his retainers ; whilst the bench to there ? rwas occupied by Irish gentlemen , who , whenever their services were required ,

      or when the ministry was m danger , rushed in to the rescue , heedless of the consequences to their country provided they secured to themselves or friends places or patronage . ( A laugh . ) That was the present constitution of the house ; and he told those hon . gentlemen who referred to the period of 1832 and the passing of " the Reform'Bill that there had taken place a greater progress in the mind ofthe conntry within that period and tho present than there had in the previous century . ( Hear , hear . ) He asserted that there prevailed more knowledge amongst the working classes of England than among the operatives of any other country . When the non . member for Montrose insinuated that he ( Mr . O ' Connor ) in his advocacy of the

      People ' s Charter had -urged it too far , and excited the people to violence , he defied him to point to a word said or aline written by him ( Mr . O'Connor ) that encouraged the people to violence or insubordination . On the contrary , the greatest difficulty he had to encounter was to oppose those advocates who countenanced violence and revolution . - He had ever supported the People ' s Charter , and ever would continue to support it , whether the measure of the hon . member for Montrose should be successful or otherwise . But though he ( Mr . O'Connor ) was the reviled of all revilers , and though persons generally formed their opinions of bis character from the writings in the public press , he would nevertheless defend that characterand stand by

      , the principles of democracy to the last . The year 1842 had also been referred to ; but it should be recollected that though he ( Mr . O'Connor ) had been made the scape-goat , it was the manufacturers that turned out their hands in that year , to carry by coercion the measure of free trade . He could not easily forget it , becausehe had been put on trial before a special jury for eight days , for having resisted an appeal to violence—at the end of wliich time he was unanimously acquitted [ j and the gentlemen who sat on his jury , magistrates , after his acquittal invited him to dine , and declared that though they went into the jury box prejudiced against him , every single prejudice entertained by them previously bad been dissipated . («• Hear .

      hear , and laughter . ) He considered the . Reform Bill as nothing ; it was merely a " mockery , a delusion , aud a snare . " "What he wished to see was , that house constituted , as it ought to be , by the free will and choice of the labouring and toiling people . ( Hear . ) However content hon . gentlemen may be to see the house constituted as at present , yet , they might believe him the day . would come when the people would appeal with something more formidable than a petition . If they looked at the manufacturing districts , they would find the people possessing more knowledge , and a keener sensitiveness of the inequality they were made to feel , than in any of the continental towns , where unfortunately tho people were never a 3 well prepared for the reception of the changes which they sought , as were the people , of England . ( Hear , hear , ) Much as had been laid to the charge of him ( Mr . O'Connor , ) It could not be said of

      him—as could of the noble lord at the head of her Majesty ' s government , and also of his party- — that he it -was who inverted , the portrait of the sovereign , with the executioner following armed with an axe , to terrify majesty into a compliance with the demands of the people . ( Hear . ) Neither was it he who recommended the burning of "Nottingham or Bristol ; but it was easy to justify violence and crime when they were committed to uphold a powerful and influential class . ( Hear , hear . ) It was not his intention to bave spoken a single word , but to have voted on . the question . He thanked tlio hon , member for Montrose for having introduced the measure ; and , however that hon . member might revile him , or abuse him and his party in that house , he would ever continue to vote for his motion , stand by the Charter , the whole Charter , and No Surrender . ( Laughter and " Hear , hear . " )

      Mr . Page Wood complimented Sir George Grey upon the adroitness with which he had sought to prejudice Mr . Hume's motion by confounding it with tbe demands of the Chartists , whereas it was diametrically opposed to them . He pointed out with regret the conduct of governments in offering a premium to agitation , but never yielding reforms except to violent pressure from without ; and he asked whether the house thought that three millions of grown-up non-electors were unfit to be trusted with the franchise , or , if they were fit , that they would nofc soon _managejo . obtain it ? Deprecating all policy which forced men into antagonistic classes and " orders" he supported the

      motion . Mr . DnnMioNO said that the antagonism complained of had been chiefly produced by itinerant professional agitators . He should have supported Mr . Hume had he separated the extension of the franchise from the other subjects of his motion , every syllable of which , be prophesied , would nevertheless one day be carried by the Whigs , who cared not so they reigned whether it was by . the grace of Brookes , orhy the grace of Manchester , and who had adopted the murder of the King and Queen of France , the mutiny at the "Norc , and every other atrocity in modern history . The promoters of the motion were attempting to confound , into one great chaos , the system of degree and order which

      existed throughout all creation , downwards from the celestial hierarchy . ., ' . Mr . Roebuck said that government was bringing against Mr . Hume the very charge that had been made against Lord John Russell in the Reform time 3 , namely , that of violating the spirit of the constitution , by creating a property test for voters . He believed that the house represented a great deal too faithfully the feelings , ignorance , and passions of the nation , and he also believed that vast benefits accrued to every man in England from the institutions under which we lived ; bnt there was a feeling among the people that they were wrongfully deprived of certain rights , and therefore he ' would accord them . It was the fashion in that house

      incessantly to praise the labouring man , but wheii he asked for political power the house was frightened at him—frightened most needlessly , for he was worthy of all triist . Lord Joh . v RtrssEix assailed the inconsistency of the promoters ofthe measure in describing all men without votes as slaves and serfs , and then leaving so large a mass in that condition by" the restricted franchise they proposed , a franchise which would make the case of the excluded even still more galling . He agreed with Mr . Hume on the theory of the constitution , but differed from him as to its practice , considering Lord Camden ' s constitutional maxim , that "taxation without representation was tyranny , " meant that the Sovereien could fax only

      with the consent of Parliament , the direct share of erery man in electing that Parliament being quite beside the question , He , therefore , deemed that he had not departed from constitutional principles in framing the Reform Act , which did not alter the great outlines ofthe constitution , but only supplied what had become defective , and in the redistribution ' of representation , at that time , all he had sought was to preserve tho just balance of interests . He conceived tbat the admission of voters proposed by Mr . Hume would lead to innumerable frauds , and he was at a loss to separate its bearin _g from that of the"Chartist proposal . The conduct of the working classes in England was

      _deserving of high praise , and he believed in their moral and social improvement . Rat he . could not believe in their political wisdom , nor think them _altogether fit to be trusted with political privileges On the contrary , he believed that the working men would be misled by demagogues , whose misstatements as to taxes , institutions , and laws ; they had no means of correcting . But be appealed : to the Irish Franchise Bill , now in progress , _to-. show that he had no hostility to extending the franchise ; In reference to the equalisation of districts , ; he exposed the inconsistent character of . the , ; pl'oposed remedy , ahd . said that if alterations , were _. to be _madey populous counties which returned no more members

      , L " ' Mohpat, Fkbkuast 25. House Of L^...

      _tliiui _town' _"' _"ofi _'* _:, _'m _allo _, population ; would have a right to claim additional representation . He conce ived- ' ¦ that ' . the ' _-plan . would increase itbe : feelr ings of collision between _thevagriculturists and the'dwellers in town . ¦ . He ; indignantly , denied the serfdom said to exist among the non-electing classes , and pointed to the liberties and privileges they enjoyed , : and to their being permitted to rise to the hi g hest station in the state . But he did not look to tne £ 10 franchise as a limit that must always and necessarily be adhered to , though it bad been , the opinion of himself , and his colleagues that it was not expedient in the present session to re-consider the franchise , other matters being of more pressing importance . He alluded to

      recent continental events , as having afforded salutary lessons , and had especially shown liberty endangered by those who affected to come forward as its friends . Pronouncing a panegyric upon , the constitution , asserting that there was no popular demand for an alteration in the franchise , and reminded the house that if we weighed our anchors and set our sails during a perfect calm , we might be driven upon the rocks , he said that when a new measure of representation _wasbrought forward , it ought to be not a substitute for , but a supplement to the Reform Act . Mr . Bernal Osborne said , that as Lord John Russell would not put to sea either in a storm or a calm , he supposed his lordshi p was waiting for a breeze—tbat ofa general election , when , no doubt , a bill for extending the franchise would be laid by the ministers upon the table of the house . His lordship ' s speech of to-night would , however ,

      produce more of a gale than he could desire . He read extracts from " evidence taken before committees , to show that this boasted Parliament had been brought together by desperate bribery . He maintained that the . power of the aristocracy had increased , was increasing , and ought to be diminished . Alluding also to Treasury influence , he said ( amid the roars ofthe house ) that the emblem ofthe Treasury was not a " whip " but a '• fishing rod , " with which the parliamentary Isaac "Walton bobbed for patriots , and hooked country gentlemen ; and he described Lord Melbourne as having once , upon a critical occasion , made a " miraculous draught" of baronets . He concluded a long and humourous speech , abounding with personalities , whieh were excellently received by the house , by declaring that he supported this motion because he was a true Conservative .

      The house then divided ,-when the . numbers were— For Mr . Hume ' s motion ... 96 Against it ... 242 Majority against ... •——MC FRIDAY , March 1 . ¦ HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Naiionai . Land Company . —Sir B . Hall having presented petitions from several allottees upon the Minster Lovel and SmVs End Estates , complaining that they bad been deceived , and praying the consideration of the house , Mr . Feargus O'Connor defended himself from _theuharges laid against him , whether by the present Setitionera , or his numerous other assailants . . He ad deceived nobody , * had got no money out of anybody ; and had neglected no means of securing the welfareof his clientsand subscribers . The petitioners

      had paid , he said , little or no rent ; the scheme was his debtor for large advances , and it was no fault of his thatthe company had not been fully registered , and its financial concerns placed under tbe control of responsible trustees . He had applied to Lord Duncan and Mr . S . Crawford to assume those functions , but had received a refusal from the former . Finally the honourable member promised to offer a bill to settle the affairs of the association under the supervision of Parliament . [ A full report of this discussion will be given in our next . ] '¦ ' _" : Parliamentary Voikrs ( Ireland ) Bill . —The house went into committee on this bill , when several amendments were proposed and negatived . The first clause was then agreed to ; and the chairman reported progress , and obtained leave to sit again on Monday . Theother orders having been disposed of , the house then adjourned . ,

      I ¦ ¦:• «The^^B^ ; To Support-Ieplatiw M...

      L I _¦ _^ _:.. __ __ : ? . _ . _^ ; _„__ _^^ _kJ _^^ _SS _^ _Mk _^ .. ¦ _- — _. _^__ - ¦ mmmmx --1 ¦ _' " ' " i ' i ' ' "" " l _"'"' > "' " "' ' " ' ' ' ~" ' "" " ¦ ' - — —> I I

      The Land Scheme. (Continued From The Fir...

      THE LAND SCHEME . ( Continued from the first page . J Poor Law . It now became the interest of landlords and large farmers to elbow as many poor as possible out ofthe parish , in order to keep down the poorrates . Thousands of little farmers had now disappeared , and their houses were in some cases filled with labourer-paupers , and in others pulled down . Great difficulty was felt by the labourer-pauper to get a cottage at all , and the young husbandman , whom Goldsmith called tbe " country's pride , " and whom the malt-tax drove out of the farm-houses , had to seeka lodging in some small old cottage filled with half-fed and half-clothed children . There was little warmth or comfort to be obtained here of a cold winter ' s night , and so the young husbandman sought refuge in tho comfortable settle" by the

      blazing fire of the ' _« Tommy-9 hop . " Here conversation flowed freely . There was no master ' s eye upon his men : no mistress to keep the blasphemous tongue in check . The village beer-shop is the resort of all the scamps in the _neghbourhood ; the delight ofthe poacher , and the paradise of the uncaught felon . This is the school in which immense numbers of onr rural population receive their education and get prepared to enter college , which is sometimes the county-jail , but more frequently the union workhouse . " Repeal the sale of beer bill , " says the clergy and others . We say , repeal tho malt-tax , and thousands of young husbandmen will be taken back into farm-houses , and resume their seats under a master ' s eve by his kitchen fire , instead of beincr

      frequenters of the beer-shop . But we must return to the consideration of the possibility of enabling poor men with a small capital —say £ 100 or £ 200—to obtain land and to , cultivate it themselves , so as to be a burden to no one . Great doubts are entertained as to the policy of letting a poor man have a small bit of land to cultivate it by spado . labour . Wo know that in some places it has been rejected by the labourers themselves , especially since the failure of tbe potato . Lord Willoughby _d'Eresby thinks that it would be better to let the labouring husbandman have three or four acres of meadow land—a small . part to be used as a kitchen garden , the chief-part for a cow , & c , but none to be used as plough land or for spade labour , except the kitchen-garden . , A poor man ¦

      would be able in this way to reap the advantage of cow ' s milk and occasionally have a calf te sell . He would also be able to raise some pigs , a little poultry , some bees , some flax , and if the cow would permit , some hops , and even tobacco , and all bis vegetables ; and with such advantages his labour-wages need not be increased . Still there are many persons residing in towns ready enough to return to the country ifthoy could obtain a few score or a hundred or two acres of land on reasonable , terms , and who have sufficient capital to embark in such an enterprise . But they , will not be tenants-at-will ; nor tenants at all & if _; they . can hel it . They want to possess the / land in fee simple , as the lawyers call it . They wish-to buy it out and out , to mike it their own . But there are

      legal difficulties in the way . Our laws are made as if there were no persons in the Kingdom desirous of becoming small landed proprietors and cultivators ' . The transfer of landed property , thanks to our noble ' laws and constitution , " is a very expensive affair , and in the smallest , purchase there is frequently a glorious picking to be made out of it in making , or seeking out , and in tho examination of , titles , or leases , and mortgages , " releases " , and " redemptions ofthe fee simple , " and all the jargon Of Westminster Hall , which comes into full play the momenta man talks of buying or selling real property of any kind and especially land . One of the first things , therefore , that are required to be . done is to simplify the tranfer of real , property , and to render such transfers as cheap . as

      possible , and with as little interference of , the flaw as possible . We believe there is a notice of motion-to accomplish something of this kind on the books of the House of Commons , and we are not sure that a bill has not been prepared by some member with this object . We do not know how it is , or why it is , but so it is , that at the commencement of every session , notices of bills , and bills themselves , are broug ht before the house , many of them : seeming to be well calculated to promote many practical social reforms ; but , somehow , beforothe . session clos * iS , most , if not all of these bills slip out' of sight , like tho Copy hold Bills ,, and little or nothing , is done ,, or , if done , is so badly doiie'that next session halfa-dozen more bills are required to explain _or-amond or to repeal parts or . the , whole of ' such acts .- Such is the tinkering for ever going on under the ''

      _omuipotency" ol Parliament , that the country has long ceased to expect any wide , sound , _practicalmeasures from it , and it is this conviction—that Parliament either cannot nor will not do anything ofa really useful kind , so as to recall the confidence of the _nation—^ that . has compelled thousands reluctantly to admit that something must bo done to bring the people and Parliament more " -into harmony . Neitlior emigration nor colonisation wil be found a remedy for the present social condition of the country . _ATo want more people to bo engaged in producing for their own wants by tho cultivation of the soil . Not half the peoplo who now ! keep shops , . Ac , are wanted in the . towns . How the change is to be , if it can be , brought about , ' is ono , of the great problems of the age . Delay , it as wemay , it .. will . bo forced on public attention at last . —Brighton HerdlcL .. _'¦ "' .. -.. -

      The Hanseatio Tkade. —The Opening Of The...

      The Hanseatio Tkade . —The opening of the important commercial port of Hamburgh lias enabled the General ¦ Steam Navigation Company ' s' vessel the John Bull to arrive , for the first time from ' tliat place and Cuxhaven respectivel y , having on board a general cargp '; of provisions and merchandize of _Hanfisaiicproduce . ' - - " _-- ¦¦ ' - _.,- - ¦ - _~ ¦ _-. ; _- ¦; ¦ - ¦ •

      ¦ ;.:•; ,;,; ;«The:^^B^ ; ,> • /.,I -|- ...

      ¦ _; .: •; , ; , ; ;« THE : _^^ b _^ ; , > / ., i _- | - ' ;< h _^ ' ! _- ' ' [ _. _i- _' _i'V < ' _-V V ""'/' ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦ •• ' ' ' \\ U _"' ' . "" ¦ : - ' ' ¦ ' ¦ '¦ ' ' . . . THE XB * f _BOUBB A 0 r _; AM > _WAOBS-v _, „ . , - . ; , ' Sir Robert _Pisel has ; diligently studied _looker . The right _honl baronet _., ' is a oleyer : _ai-itlimetician . He has not studied human * nature . Consequently , thelate Prime Mihister is . no * ' . _» " _^ flafe '' 8 _tete _8 man _. During the debates- on _. the Ten . ; Hours ., Factory Bill , Sir Robert , Peel argued thus- '? If you reduce the hours of labour in factories from twelve to ten , you will rtflCMwi ' y . reduce the -wages from twelve to ten . " And then , with an air of . triumph ,, the selfsatisfied statesman asked—" Are you prepared to make such an enormous reduction from the earnings of a large portion of the working population , whose wages , evon at twelve hours per day , are not morn than their necessities require ?'' By such _—*—? =. .. .... •¦ j _.- j ' _. _Vj'j i _' _-- _-- ' _- ;• . ;

      sophiBtry many members of parliament were deluded ; nay , even how , the economists , follow , in the wake of Sir Robert , rest their opposition to the Ten Hours Acton similar assertions and questions . Fortunately , experience contradicts Cocker . Happily facts prove the folly of Sir Robert Peel s philosophy . Take the following . I record it for the especial benefit of the right hon . baronet and his disoiples—the Economists , ¦¦¦ : ¦ ¦ . . . ¦ ¦ ,. . My kind friend , Mr . Wm . Walker , has just placed a very , important document ' in my hands . It is the record of tho wages paid by a millowner , in Bradford , for the working of thirty-two power looms , during the year 1848 . The table is drawn up by the overlooker who superintended the working of

      those thirty-two looms during the whole period . The speed , the looms , the wages per piece , the quality of warp and weft , and tho workpeople were tlie same , and during the whole period the hands had full employment . The only differeneo was the time of working , and the amount received by the workers . During the first quarter those thirty-two looms were worked eleven hours per day . During tbo following three quarters they worked only ten hours perday . m Now I will state the result . To that result I respectfully , but earnestly , call the . attentioh of Sir Robert Peel and the Economists . First quarter wage ' s paid for eleven hours per < lay , £ m 3 s . 6 d . ¦ ¦ " Socond fluarter . waires paid for ten hours per day ,

      £ 183 5 s ., being £ 1 ls . Bd . more than for eleven hours perday ; and £ 22 3 s . lid . more than the amount assumed and asserted by Sir Robert Peel , according to Cocker . ' .... ' . - ., . , ; - . _•' . . _- . _..- - - Third fuarter wagos paid for ten hours per day , £ 191 4 s . 6 d „ being £ 14 Is . more than , for eleven hours per day ; and £ 30 3 s . ljd . more than the amount assumed aiid asserted by Sir Robert Peel , according to Cocker . . .. ' . . Fourth quarter wages paid for ten hours per day , £ 187 12 s . 9 d ., being £ 10 9 s . 3 d . more than for eleven hours per day ; and £ 26 lis . Hi . more than the amount assumed and . asserted by Sir Robert Peel , according to Cocker . ' "' . .. The account before me gives me the name of the overlooker and tho mill .,. I am not authorised at present to publish names . If Sir . Robert Peel doubts the statement , I have no fear of being able

      to satisfy him that there is " no mistake . " ' And how is this apparent contradiction to be accounted for ? Simply on this truth—human beings are not machines ! That is all . Cocker would be correct if nature did not tire , Sir Robert Peel would be right if human beings were not needed to guide and watch the operations of machinery . I asked an overlooker to account to me for this result . He said , " Under the system of long hours , 'the hands' were never fairly rested . . Under the system of ten hours per day , they , are never exhausted . " " Ay , " said I , " my friend , you know more about it than Sir Robert Peel . " Itis well to teach the overlookers logic ( logic proved by experience ) now , when the law is defied which is _wording so well . Richard Oastleb .

      The Ten Hours Act. The Factoryoperatives...

      THE TEN HOURS ACT . The factoryoperatives of Lancashire held another delegate meeting on Sunday . The central committee deemed it necessary to call a second meeting on account of the unfair means that had been adopted to pack the meeting held on the previous Sunday , by a few persons not at all conneoted with factories , and wbo appear to be dividing the workmen with a view of prolonging the agitation . The meeting , as onthe former occasion , was held at the . Cotton Tree Tavern , Manchester , and was very numerously attended—at least so far as the number of towns are concerned . The point for . discussion appeared to be to whom should ba entrusted the care of the bill

      in the House of Commons . Mr . Grant said , as soon as ilf was ascertained tbat there was a desire on the part of a few . of the factory operatives to have Lord John Manners and Mr . Bankes united with Lord Ashley in the conduct of the measure through Parliament , the central committee agreed that Lord John Manners should be incorporated in the resolution requesting Lord Ashley to take the conducting ofthe bill through the House of Commons , but they could not see what benefit would result from tho addition of the name of Mr . Bankes . And if thero _triia to ho a division , he ( Mr . Grant ) did not hesitate to say he would , and he knew the workers generally would , rather forego the support and assistance of Mr . Fielden than the aid and

      co-operation of Lord Ashley , in whom they had implicit confidence . Ultimately the following resolutions were passed unanimously : — " 1 . That this meeting of delegates from the manufacturing districts ofthe West Riding wishes to record its tribute of gratitude to Lord Ashley and , all other supporters of the Ten Hours Act ; and thereby also to express its entire confidence in the noble lord and tho other tried friends ofthe factory workers , to adopt such measures as shall secure the integrity and efficiency of the Ten Hours Act for all young persons and women ) by putting an end to tbe odious modes of working by relays and shifts in some parts of the country . 2 . That the delegates and factory workers of tho West Riding are _i _* eady to co-operate

      with then- mends m Lancashire- and m expressing their regret that there should have been any attempt to create disunion amongst them , tbey now earnestly implore all the delegates and factory workers of Lancashire to unite with each other most heartily for the speedy attainment of then . ' common object . " Bradford . —On Friday the 22 nd ult . a meeting of the clergy of the rural deanery of Bradford , Yorkshire , was held , on the summons of the Rev . the Rural Dean , to consider the critical position ofthe Factory Act . An address was unanimously agreed upon , to be forwarded by the Rev . Dr . Burnet ,

      vicar of Bradford , to tho Ven . Archdeacon Musgrave ( brother of tho Archbishop of York , ) requesting him to convene chapters of aU the deaneries in the archdeaconary of Craven , to take into consideration the beat means of securing a Ten Hours Factory Act , As soon aa tho _ruri-decanal chapter had been dissolved , the clergy of tho two parishes of Bradford and Calverly assembled respectfully under the presidency of their vicars , and adopted and signed petitions to both houses of parliament , and a memorial to the Queen , in favour as a declaratory act which will secure to the poor women and children _en"af-ed in factories the benevolent intentions of tho three estates of tho realm-namely , a Ten Hours Act , giving no sanction to the relay or shift system . - _^

      Oldham. On Monday Evening A, Numerous Me...

      OLDHAM . On Monday evening a , numerous meeting took place in the Town-hall , at Oldham , to consider the propriety of petitioning Parliament to pass an Act to carry into effect the spirit and intention of the 7 th Victoria , c . 15 . Mr . A , Taylor took the chair , in the absence ofthe Mayor . Mr . T . Mills , aii operative spinner , moved the first resolution , embodying tho views of the meeting , and condemning tne system of relays ; which was seconded by Mr . Loar , and carried unanimously . The seoond resolution ' to the effect tbat petitions to both houses of Parliament should be prepared , was carried in the same manner , after which a petition was agreed to ; and the thanks of the- meeting having been passed for the chairman , tho proceedings terminated .

      The Miners Of Lancashire And Cheshire.. ...

      THE MINERS OF LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE .. * ' * _TO-THB EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . ' Sir , —The last county meeting was held at the Heywood Arms , Miles Platting , Manchester , on Monday ' " and Tuesday , the 18 th and 19 th ult . —Mr . James Price was called to the chair . Several letters wore road Irom members of Parliament , on the . subject of . Government . inspection of Mines and Collieries-amongst otheis friendly to our interests , was one from Mr , Duncombe , which I have read at several . meetings ; at all of which , a desire was expressed , tliat I should send a copy to the Northern Star , so that the miners of the United Kingdom might see that Mr . Duncombe is so far recovered as shortly to attend his Parliamentary duties again ; and as ho has hitherto pleaded our causo so successfully in the House of Commons , tho miners of

      those districts are desirous , ( if lus health permit ) , that he should continue to be their champion until they have proper protection for life and health . I was instructed at tho previous county meeting , io ascerfcaia whether his health would permit bim to' fake charge of our Bill again . . Here is the noble nnd generous reply : — . ; ' * - - 5 , Palace Chambers , " St . James ' , February Sth , 1 S 50 . _ Dear Sib , —Many th _.-inKs'to yote for . your Icind inquiries _l-csp ' _cctiiifj niy health , > v h ' eli , _T am happy to inform you , has lately much improved ; _ai ) d although prudence forbids my giving a very constant attendance" at present . to the House of Commons , yet I hope at the . time you , mention , — viz ., after Easter , —tobe able to _resume fay ravnamentary duties as formerly , when I shall . be happy to _gh-o tlio miners , und _coUiqi 1 _^ any assistance iii' *» J ' _jJOWer ; in the meantime you arc at full liu & ity to add »> y' : » ame to the committee of _memberSj-wliom you _siiy arc * < igaft ! ljr . _disposed

      The Miners Of Lancashire And Cheshire.. ...

      to _support-IeplatiW _mtvtfttMWlnihtbkter conducting and later management of . iiine * and collieries . , 1 am , dear . Sir , _youMJjdthfiilly , "" ' :- •• - ' '; -: _THOiCiS S . DCNCOMBE . ' 7 Mr . _'Da-ddB _**/ allo _^ 70 .. ' .- _* : JO . ' . I ; s Another letter was' also read _^ '; in : answer to one sent to the chairman :: 6 f \ _, he coal 'proprietors ' association of South _Iahcasbireywith- _' a view to both _partios coming to a proper arrangement as to what kind of a bill would best suit tho . inter employer and the employed- ; but ; -he <; declines . to meet nie as a deputation fromthe ' colliersin the following terms : — " He understood the' Government intended to take the matter in hand ; iri whioh case , it would do no good meeting the deputation , " It is all very fine to put us off with such an answer , but , I trust , that the miners of Yorkshire , and every other county in England , Scotland , and to roDM 1 _* j ' j- | j _* _tf 6 * _'i-to _^ conducting

      Wales , will better themselves , and take the matter in hand , and not leave the battle to be contested and gained by a few counties ; let all give a helping hand—then the work will be light—let every district begin immediately to get petitions signed , holding meetings ,-kc . On account of having five collieries on strike , it was considered impossible that two men could be sent to London to press the matter on the attention of the legislature , along with the . deputation from Durham and Northumberland , out of the present levy ; therefore the following resolution was agreed to ; to be taken back to the districts for consideration * . — " That it is the opinion of this meeting , that it is highly desirable , that a levy of _twopence per member should be paid to the county board ( for once only ) for the purpose of defraying tbe

      expenses ofa deputation of two men to London , as above referred to ; and that every delegate be very particular in laying the matter before his district , so that each delegate mi g ht come prepared to state at the next county meeting , whether their districts are prepared to pay the extra levy of twopence or not , for the above purpose . " After the other business , which was only of a local nature , had been transacted , the county meeting was adjourned until Monday next , March 4 th , to be held at the'George Inn , Lambcrhead Green , near Wigan . At three o ' clock in the afternoon , a public meeting of the Bradford , Clayton , Moston ,- and Tinkerbrow ; Collieries , waa hehf at the above place , Mr . Hibbert , a working collier , in the chair . The meeting war-addressed by Mr . J . Price , Mr . H . Dennett , and others . The _meetinc was an excellent one , and

      a very enthusiastic feeling prevailed throughout the whole of the _proeeedinga . _Powrojf _f Cheshire ) . —I held a good meeting on the Thursday previous , at the house of Mr . Peter Clayton ,. '" Midway , " Poynton . Mr . Bramall occupied the chair , and opened the proceedings in an excellent speech ; after which Mr . Francis , the district secretary , read a copy of a very excellent address , and bye-laws for their own lecal government , drawn up by him , which was unanimously agreed to , and ordered to be printed . I then pointed out to the meeting , at considerable length , the evils of rash turn-outs—showing the difference between strikes and unions , which some people considered synonymous—to the satisfaction of air present . I

      anticipate that this colliery will soon be in a far better state of organisation than it is at present . I have also held a good meeting lately atHindley , amongst Strangeway's men ; Mr . Price hae held _aome good meetings in and around St . Helen ' s . lam bappy to say thatthe union has been successful in obtaining a general advance of about sixpence per day on the colliers ' wages in those districts , during the last three months . Such are the benefits of union in this county . Yours respectfully , D . _Swaliow . 25 , Sidney-street , Bolton , Feb . 25 th , 1850 . P . S . —Any p erson who may wish to write to me , upon any subject connected with our society , can do so as above . W . S .

      The Miners Petition. To Tbe Boxoubabus T...

      THE MINERS PETITION . TO TBE BOXOUBABUS TBE COMMONS OF TBE UNITED KntGHOM Of GBEAI GBITAIN AND IBELAND IN PABLUJIENT AS . SEMBLED _, The humble petition of the undersigned Coal Miners of Northumberland and Durham , in public meeting assembled , on the sixteenth day of February , 1850 . HeSrECTFOLLY SBEWETH , — That jour petitioners are coal miners , who , In pursuit of their avocation , are continually exposed to numerous dangers and accidents , such as fall * from the roof , breaking of ropes , chains , & c _, and more especially to those frequent and disastrous' events , colliery explosions , whereby many hundreds of lives are annually destroyed , entailing ruin and wretchedness upon numerous widows and orphan children .

      That in addition to those fearful calamities wbich injure , maim , and destroy so many of the relatives and friends of your petitioners , they are daily exposed to tbe injurious effects of badly . ventilated mines , wliich being partly free from the explosive gas , engenders carelessness and disregard to the ventilation , and thereby ensuring the presence of carbonic acid and nitrogen gases the constant breathing of which , for a long period each day , necessarily impairs the health of your pet itioners , ( _masy of whom at the pregent time aro obliged to work where a candle or other light will not bum , except placed nearly iu a horizontal position , ) and which ia a brief period brings them to a premature grave . You * - petitioners would respectfully intimate , that in 1836 , the serious loss of life in coal mines attracted the attention of Parliament , who appointed a committee to _exa- J mine into the causes of such accidents , and which

      committee , after a long and patient investigation , made their report , from which we make the following extracts : — * Tour committee do not hesitate to express a conviction , that whilst some mines , equally foul , are materially freed from large accumulations of gas , by the approximation of the seams of coal to the surface ofthe earth , others , where the seams lie horizontally or nearly so , reguire more shafts , additional opportunities for the injection of pure air and the rejection of foul , than are ordinarily afforded . A less parsimonious system in this respect , either in the original design of those mines or in tlieir subsequent working , would have rendered easy—otherwise—difficult ventilation , and saved many valuable lives : the absolute necessity of greater attention to this point has been _fuUy established . ' The committee further report , — ' That tlie practice of placing wooden partitions or brattices in the ventilating shafts is deservedly _Reprobated , the slightest explosion removes them , thus , the whole system of ventilation is destroyed , and no timely aid can be rendered to the

      temporarily surviving sufferers : to this point the . committee attach an importance inferior only to the prorision of a sufficient number of _up-cast and downcast shafts . ' Your petitioners state with regret , that those excellent and proper recommendations of that committee have had practicaUy but little attention from the proprietors of colleries , and that very recently shafts have been sunk , having wooden partitions , dividing the ventilating shaft , in direct cbntravertion of tlie reprobation of that committee , thus exposing to danger the lives of many hundreds of the worki ng colliers . That , despite the expressed anticipations of that committee , — ' That the mass of valuable evidence thus publicly exhibited , would , by its circulation , enlist the aid of science and humanity in tbe future working of coal mines , so as to ensure a diminution of such frequent and extensive loss of life . ' Your petitioners have to state thatthe loss of lifo : by accidents have greatly Increased since the report of the committee was made , and that within the last few years a still further increased fatality has obtained in thatrespect . '

      That in corroboration of the above , we would refer to tlie parliamentary report of 1840 . A committee of which therein stated , that from fifty-five mining districts the number of violent deaths in the year 1838 , were 349 . That the census of 1841 , represent the number of males , twenty years of- age and upwards , employed in the mines ,-to be 124 , 660 , and that amongst men of this class , the violent deaths in 1840 , were 438 , which is very nearly , the same ratio as that ofthe navy aud merchant service at home , and as compared with agricultural labourers a 6 3 ; _039 to 1 , 221 , and as 3 , 932 to 940 of men of thesame age in the community at large . That the following list , copied from the Mining Journal , exhibits : by contrast the increasing number of violent deaths in coal mines : — Number killed by various accidents , in the year 1838—349 . Ditto ditto ditto 1810-498 . Ditto ditto ditto 1845—5 G 2 .

      Ditto ditto - ditto 1847-462 , Ditto ditto ditto 1848—570 . ditto > ditto ,. ditto 1849—704 . Thus affording conclusive proof _, oif the increasing fatality among the miners of this country . Your petitioners sincerely believe that such increased fatality has arisen from the want of a due inspection oi nines , and that in the opinion of your petitioners the time has fully arrived when such inspection should be adopted , which opinion has been , fully confirmed by the reports of several scientific and . offl ' clal examinations into the causes of particular explosions , one or two of which your petitioners will specify . Sir H . De leBeehe and Dr . Lyon Playfair , who reported upon the Jarrow colliery explosion iu 1845 , whereby fifty lives were lost , state as follows : — " We are led to consider that the evils might be atleast mitigated by the careful and-judicious , inspection of convenient

      districts , by competent persons , and we believe that the cause ofhumanity and the interest of thecoal owners would be alike benefited bv a well considered legislative enactment ofthiskind . " Again , SirH . _Delle . JJeche . imd Mr . W . Smithe , officially appointed to _investigate into the cause of the explosion at Ardsley Main colliery , in 1847 , _reforring to the subject of _inspeetioh , made the following declaration : — "We believe tliat this inspection ,-if rightly conducted , would be alike important to the employers and employed : and when we reflect that the men who labour in our collieries supply the great mass offuol which not only contribute to the household comforts of so large a portion of the inhabitants of this country , but also to the means by which its wealth arid resources are so greatly advanced , - we cannot hut conceive tbat arrangements for the safety of their , lives forms a Htting subject for National care and _Legislative proYision _, "

      x our . petitioners further submit , that in addition to the above _olhcial reports and evidence , tliey have to present an extract from the valuable report of the -South Shields _committee , who examined-personally several of tho pits in this district relative to this subject , as follows : — " The Advantages derivable from an enlightened public jurisdiction in a well organised system of government inspection , are clear and indubitable . That such inspection and jurisdiction tor securing the fullest protection in tlie public intorest are periectiy compatible with the private rights of property and tho freedom of trade ; and that the principle has already been acknowledged hy the legislation with regard to railways , the professions , tho manufacturers , and some ofthe trades , and is peculiarly applicable to mining , unlike the formerfar

      , removed from an _enlightohed-. public investigation . " ; '¦ - ¦ '¦ # Your petitioners beg also to state , that besides their exposure to those dangers _abov _? enumerated , they are subjected to the abrupt . inuudation of water , arising in many instances from Want of apropcr register of plans ;; & c . of the old anil previous workings' such as occurred in" Heatbn uolliery _^ in 1815 , andby wliich seventy-ttvo lives were , lost ; and also at , Workiugtoti . coUiery , where thirty-six persons were drowned , and-were , despite the-many wariungi * ** Hid symptoms given of the ' apprehended danger , the , self-will arid obstinacy " of the agent prevented hini from faking heed thereof , as will be 1 'seen' by referring to the evidence of Matthias Dunn , Esq ., given before the recent committee of the House of lord ** , on accidents _iamijies , and also from an

      The Miners Petition. To Tbe Boxoubabus T...

      extract of- _a-letter _sant by _;« r . _BrotnieM , one ofthe n ' nj . agouti _attheconUry _' _tlr" _thaTgenUeiW ' <& _£ _& _fwSS ? less some interfvre _** ce can . be , made a _vety feir ' dm Z weeks will mosfrawuredly bnn * rln _titf Water of tho gea , n * that opinion is now so , ; generafly expressed , that men .-2 _tawiiV _. tto , ' _-- - _- _^ warnings ' , the , wb ' _iMngs were contfaued . vandthe _selfi _. ihrdestroying thirty-six lives _,. _andvmnfog the _proS And your _' _petTtioners would fatjmaie _. that a _tumii-fr S ' the above ; occurred _atrLaiidsh _* pping , < In Pem broke _^ where , by working under the bed of the _threr , forty _wSi were drowned , both of which cases exhibit that VE !! _warninj-B were _giveiij-but there being no authorised Dartto compel attention to those _warnings or : to _gtop _^ { WMi the destruction followed as a matter of course . Y m ? ' titioners would represent-that none of the bodies nf _/ _jf * persons drowned being recovered , no inquest could b _» 1 , 1 _^ extract * _A- _^ _r _\^ , _^^\\ _l _^ i _^ S ' v _^^ , _m of the ' _nnj '

      without punishment , thus exhibiting a great deftct ' _iTh !' law ' of coroners ' courts . " in tbe Your petitioners enlist the attention of your _hononMM house to the'tardiness of the . colliery _prqprlntorg in it , ducing any ofthe aids of science to benefit aadadva » * the sworking . colliers , and would refer , as in illustwP " thereof , to the well-known and Ingenious _im-entiTr _„?! L " Gurhoy , Esq ,, as detailed by him to the _PariianU 6 ' committee , in 1835 , but which invention hadI _nS W practically applied until July . 1813 , when it was Dirii !? , adopted at Seaton Delaval colliery , Northumberland ' " from the evidence of T . B . Foster and J , Mather Fin _" as given by them to the committee of Lord ' s , it wag mi n ' that double thequantity of air hod been got , by the rmlv " cation of high pressure steam , to the venU & _ti . n although how that- ' such experiment has been _befornrt " country for nearly twelve months , there are none _nf ti other collieries making any efforts , as far as » petitioners know , to call in such aid , although at v many collieries the workmen are almost suffocated r want of wholesome air . Again , Mr . Fourdrinier has ¦»? duced an apparatus for the saying of _Ufeby the immeX ?" suspension of the cage inthe Bhaft , should thn r _« Zr *

      chain break ; and although its efficiency has _beentestSthe presence of a large number of colliery managers * •?• signed a certificate of such efficientl y , yet but two or _thr . _"" collieries have put up such apparatus , _notwithstanding _^ * expenses is not more than from 30 " . to 8 M . " _-.-.- ; ¦ : , e In conclusion , your petitioners beg leave to imninM your honourable house that for the several reasons S andfromthe experience of your petitioners _ttemselni that your honourable house wiU , without further delay _S delay in this case is death " , ) proceed to enact that _inspector of mines be appointed ( the' same being practical raeni with similar powers as belong to factory inspectors , ins oec ! tors of railways , kc , that the frequent and extensive lo _« of life in coal mines [ may be diminished , and your net ! doners' hitherto unhealth y _employment be improved and the condition of your petitioners and their families have a like consideration as other classes of her Majesty' - , subjects . " ' And your petitioners , as in duty bound will ever pray , & c . '

      ,..-.- , "•**•»" : — Briiish College Of ...

      _,..-.- , " _•**•» " : — BRIIISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH , "Sew Eoad , Lonoow . 1 ? AILACT OF ANATOMY AS REGARDS THE CURE OP DISEASES — THE BURKING SYSTEM _ D 0 CT 0 _BS BUYING DEAD BODIES WITH THEIR SHIRTS '' _i ONH , ' As persons are continually disappearing no one knowg how , it may not be out of place to consider whether tie burking system is not still carried on to a great extent ; Had it nqt been for the terrible , discoveries made on Burke and Hare ' s trial , there can be no doubt that thousands would have been sent into the next world in order to feed doctors with human flesh , so that they ( the doctors ) might fill their pockets at the expense of suffering humanity . This dissection our readers should know , forms one ot the _e-jry lucrative emoluments proceeding from l hospital prac . ties . ' For instance , tbe professor of anatomy pays we will say , eight or ten guineas for a " dead body , and then makes fifty or sixty out of it from the medical students who hare

      paid their money in order to / find out , as they are told , thcause of disease in a dtddbod _^!! Waathere _everaawH infamous fraud 1 "Where is , the doctor , who knows how to cure a disease from dissection ? They all know it to bet shameful piece of humbug , and they are not a bit the winfrom dissection , as far asrecards the cure of disease , [ j is all to make money ! money !! money !!! thatthe rasc _* lity is kept up ; dust ii thrown into the eyes ofthe public and doctors tell the lie ( the wicked , lie !) that anatomy ii requisite to understand the cure of diseases . The orA anatomy _reaUy required is BONE SETTING , in cased accidents , which might be learnt by designs ; the Tegetabi Universal Medicine will then doalltbatisneeessary _, lrf keeping the blood pure and healing the parts—operation for stone , cataract , cnacer , & c . are perfectly useles _* which is proved by the disease always coming again , bi cause its seat is in the blood !!! __ Burke , the murderer found ' Burking' the , best trade _uoing—he used to _smotlji , '

      people , ana _tueu take tnem to tne aoctor almosthot , seta even with their SHIRTS ON , _*> ' and used , without the lean difficulty , to get his £ 8 for each body . Now there canl ' no doubt that the doctors mc * t have known that _thevfc tims had not come fairly by their deaths , yet they ilinW at the whole _businesa in order tliat they might nil ma pockets . Talk after this about the ' honourable' profa sion , the 'liberal' profession , and such humbug . _TVew . read the confession of the burkers here given , and if jo can believe that these doctors did not know at the tint that the parties had been murdered , why then you mw have more credulity than we give you credit for . lb deadly chemicals of the doctors and their burkings au both on a par , only the first is not so easily detected bythi public as the other ; but that a day of retribution mil come wo make no doubt . Wo understand that poor _peopl will no longer allow their relatives who die in the hospitals to be mangled by the knife of the human butchers . 5 ) wonder . - * Read the official confession of Burke made in tbegaci to be had of all the Hygeian Agents . Oh ! oh' ihe _Gaiim Trade 11

      £&&Vm85 &C.

      £ && vm 85 & c .

      Colis. Jbakk Lass, Monday, February 25.—...

      _COliS . _Jbakk Lass , Monday , February 25 . — Th _» _nn-iroin * English wlioat woro email _thic _morning , and of forel * _Q the chief part was from Odessa . Fine English sold ratha more readily at last Monday ' s piices ; hut in foreign we cannot note any change , though prices are firm . Foreip flour Is per sack and barrel cheaper . Barley slow sale , and malt dull and 2 s cheaper . In rye nothing doing . Bean met with little inquiry . Peas went off heavily at Is nine . tion . The supply of oats was moderate , and good freS corn fully as dear j other descriptions without alteraliii . Linseed cakes ready sale at previous rates . For red cloverseed there was more demand at last week ' s prices , 1 st white dull and cheaper .

      British . —Wheat—Essex , Suffolk , and Kent , red , _neitM _* to 41 s , ditto white 40 s to 47 s , Lincoln , Norfolk , aiid _Yorkshire , red 32 s to 37 s , Northumberland and Scotch , whllfe 32 s to 37 s , ditto red 32 s to 38 s , Devonshire and _SomeiitU shire , red , —s to —s , ditto white — to —s , rye , 21 s to 23 s , barley , 22 s to 24 s , Scotch 26 s to 22 s , Angus— s to-5 , Malt ordinary , —s to —s , pale 4 Ss to 51 s , peas , grey , nerr 21 s to 28 s , maple 23 s to 25 s , white 22 s to 23 s , boilers MW 24 s to 25 s , beans , large , new 22 s to 23 s , ticks 21 s to ; _^ harrow , 25 s to 26 s , pigeon , 26 s to 28 s , oats , Lincoln W _Torkihire feed ,. 15 s to 18 s , ditto Poland and pota _*) 17 s to 20 s , Berwick and Scotch , 17 s to 21 s , Scotch feed , 17 s to 18 s , Irish feed aud black , 14 s to 17 s , ditto potato , 17 a to 19 s , linseed ( sowing ) SOs to SSs , rapeseta _, Essex , new £ 28 to £ 32 per last , carraway seed , Essex , nSfl 26 s to 30 s per cwt , ' rape cake , £ 4 to £ 410 s per ton , lisseed , £ 9 Ws to £ 10 10 s . per 1 , 000 , flour , per sack of 2301 b * , ship . 26 s to 28 s , town , 86 s to SSs .

      _Foheigm . —Wheat — Dantzig , 42 s to 48 s , Anhalt Mi Harks , 36 to 40 s , ditto white , iOsto 42 s , Pomeranian r « i 40 s to 42 s , Kostock 44 s to 4 Cs _, Danish , Holstcin , s » Friesland , 30 s to 34 s , Petersburgh , Archangel , and lU ** i 32 s to 31 s , Polish Odessa , 32 s to 34 s , Marianopoli , and B _» dianski , 32 s to 35 s , _Taganrog , 32 s to S 4 s , Brabant aM Frehch , ' 34 s to 36 s , ditto white , SSs to 42 s , Salonica , 30 » M 33 s , Egyptian , 23 s to 26 s , rye , 20 s to 22 s , barley , _Wisma " and Rostock , 18 s to 21 s , Danish , 18 s to 22 s , Saal , 20 s » 24 s , East Friesland , 16 s to 17 s , Egyptian , 15 stol 6 s , Danu '! ii 15 i to 16 s , peas , white , 22 s to 28 s , new boilers , 24 st * Us , beans , horse , 21 s to 23 s , pigeon , 24 s to 25 s , _Ijit tian , 21 s to 22 s ,. oats , Groningen , Danish , Bremen , t * Friesland , feed and black , lis to 15 s , ditto , thick and bre * 16 s to 20 s , Kiga , Petersburgh , Archangel , and Swedish , 1 * to 16 s , flour . United States , Ber _lDGlbs ., 22 s to 23 s , liar * *

      burgh 20 s to 22 s , Dantzig and Stettin 20 s to 22 s , FrenchP : 801 _bs ., 31 s to 32 s . . "Wednesday , February 27 . —The arrivals of grain tlm week are - short , particularly of wheat , but again faT of flour . In our trade wo have a continued duM for every article , without variation in price . Most of w * country and provincial markets held yesterday were afc ) very dull , . Friday , March , 1 . —There was scarcely any _Englw 1 wheat fresh up for market ; the few parcels on sale _f * 1 * disposed ef with difficulty at tho rates of Monday , _"fr _"' _lish barley scarcely sold so well as at the beginning of W _* week . Arrivals of oats continue on a moderate scale . » _' " alteration in beans , peas , or flour . ArrWals this week : — * Wheat—English , 1 , 220 quart' "; foreign , — quarters . Barley—English , 4 , 690 q uartet ! _, foreign , 1 , 140 quarters . Oats—English , 6 , 530 _quarttfii foreign , — quarters . Flour—4 , 510 sacks .

      KicnuoND ( roRKSnmE , ) Feb . 23 . —W * only had a thin _sW ply of grain this morning . Wheat sold from 4 s 3 d t » 5 s M oats , Is Gd to 2 s fid ; barley , 3 g Od t _» 3 s Gd ; beans , 3 s * to 3 i 6 d per bushel , i

      BREAD . The prices of wheaten bread ia the metropolis are ft * 6 d _* to 7 d . ; of household ditto , ' Jd . to 5 _* _{ d . per _iffis . loaf .

      CATTLE . Smithfield , Monday , Feb . 25 . —Although the supp ly 0 roreign stock here to-day was hut moderate , the _& mfz for it ruled heavy , at drooping prices . There were w' ™ oxen on sale from Spain . From our own grazing distrlc * > the arrivals of beasts fresh up tiiis morning were _^ onsi ' _' ably on the increase . In their quality a decided ' _imprO' * ment was noticed . Notwithstanding that the attend !" " . ' of buyers was tolerably good , the beef trade ruled race " " - _ingly heavy , at a decline in the quotations obtained & Monday last of 2 d per Slbs . The top figure for tlieP " - Scots was 3 s lOd per Slbs . Atthe close of business sew * * droves left the market unsold . For the time of year , tr supply of sheep was moderately good , and in fair aveWS * condition . All breeds were a slow . sale , at prices bar * ' " equal to those paid on this day se ' nuight , yet a cleara _* "

      was effected . The extreme value of the best old Downs » the wool was 4 s Gd per Slbs . Those out of tbe wool i _> " » at 3 s 6 rt to 8 s 10 d" per Slbs . Calves were " in moderate sir ply and heavy inquiry , at barely Friday ' s decline m J * quotations . In pigs next to _nothing was doing , _anupwgave way 2 d per Slbs . '"> . /¦ X -ai Head or Cattle at SMrrnFiELo _.-r-Friday . —Beasts , ' _- *' sheep , 3 , 210 ; calves , 244 ; pigs , ' 300 . Monday . - Bea' "' 3 , 022 ; sheep , 18 , 490 ; calves , WS ; pigs , 1 S 5 . Price per stone of Slbs . ( sinking the ottal . ) _-Bsef , 2 i lM " 3 s lOd ; mutton , ? s 2 d to Is Oil ; , veal , 3 s Od _tpSs 1 " " ' pork , 3 s 4 dto 4 s ( Id . ' ' . * " " , •* 1 VEWQAT *! AND LEADEOTULL , _ilotldajV Feb ? 18 . —Tuft **' beef , 2 s 4 d to 2 s Gd ; middling ditto , 2 s 8 d to 2 sl 0 d _j prW , large , Ss Od to 8 s 2 d ; prune small , 3 s 2 d to 3 s . 4 d ; l » Jf . pot _* k , 2 s 10 d to 3 s Id ; inferior mutton , 2 s Sd to 2 s W »' middling ditto , 3 s Od to 3 s 4 d ; prime ditto , 3 s 6 d to 5 s l ° f veal , 3 s Od to 3 s lOd ; snuul pork , 3 s Gd to -is _i _* ' uc ' i- Slbs . by the carcase .

      : SEEDS . _; .. ; _, London , Monday . —Wc can notice no improvement ' * -1 f general tone of the seed trade , and so little was done ' day that quotations must be regarded as nominal ! Cans ' seed of fine quality was offered nt 76 s _toTSs _ncror ., « _**' Spring tares at 4 s per bushel . _.,- > - ¦

      Nni Frinted B Y William Rider, Of No. 5, Maeclesfiew-St***:

      nni _Frinted b y WILLIAM RIDER , of No . 5 , _MaeclesfieW-st _*** :

      In The Parish Of St. Antie, Westminster,...

      in the parish of St . Antie , Westminster , at the"l ' _- » - _eflice , a 6 , Great "Windmill-street , llaymarket _, in the % . . . ot Westminster , _fortheProprieto . -, FHAUGUS O'jCOSiW Esq . M . P . ; and published by the _' _said William K" " ee j _; the Office , in tlie-su me -street a ud _isarish .-W March 2 M .-1850 . . ... . ... , . . 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 2, 1850, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_02031850/page/8/