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    • . fump iKo-Otmentsft
    • Asdovss, Oct. 27.—Blyth, the newly-elected master, has not yet arrived. Mr. AVestlalce is to resign on Satiu-day next, November tiie 1st. Dr. Hammond
    • agrtculturr m Sorttculturc
    • ffiaiM inftUfgeticr*
    • Saultnipte, &u
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      Kovembeb 1, 1845, • ¦ ¦^• • •V^ ^ ^^^ .....

      _Kovembeb 1 , 1845 , _¦ _¦^• • _• v _^ _^ _^^^ _... _. _,,,,....,.,,,,:.,, ,,. __^— _-- ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - _•^¦•^ t 7 ' - — - ——— " ¦ ¦ " ¦ ... ... . _.-.... ¦ : ;; ; ; - _'' - ¦ -- ; v . i ~< ¦ ' _•**•

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      ..J^Aimar^. ^Tleaslmwotos, - . Rand-Shou...

      _.. j _^ _aimar _^ _. _^ _tleaslmwOToS , - . _rAnd-shouldniy chance so happen—deeds , ) " _^ _fiOi an who war wili _Thons _ht ! u 1 flunk I hear a little hird , who _angi . The people by and by will be the stronger . _"—BraoN TTALT , AUSTRIA . AND THE POPE . _Since we last addressed onr readers on the affairs _nFItalv another _imfortunate effort has heennTade to obtain _eome amelioration of existing evils , but which effort having foiled , will for the present be nrokuctive of additional suffering to all the actual or _Scted friends of progress on whom the Italian d espotisms can lay hold , fauch intelligence concent-? _Relate movement as the French and English _^ papershave afforded us , we have duly laid before nm * leaders . If we have abstained nntil now from fttitorlaW noticingtne an r at Itimini , it has been ul _^ nse wc had hoped to have acquired more

      accute infonaation of that affair than the London _* juy r _joiuials have furnished , on which to ground our jgmaifo : but wehave waited in vain . _*^ iih the particulars ot the insurrection , or _oufcjj-gai at Rimini , onr leaders are already familar , a _^ pe tition of those particulars is , therefore , not _accessary . Our readers will remember that we gave from the Morning Chronicle an abstract of an address or swaifesto issued by the patriots , and addressed in the name of the people of the Roman states to thejSovereigns and people of -Europe . That abstract , however , gave but a Tery imperfect idea of the contents of the manifesto , and In order that the grievances therein set forth may he known to the people of this country , and that this appeal to Europe , of the Italian patriots , may be recorded in the columns of this orean ofthe democratic principles , " we here insert the manifesto entire . .

      _JIASIFESTO OF THE PXOP 1 E OF THE HOHAV STATES TO

      THE MINCES AXD PEOPXE OP _EDBOPE . "When the Sovereign Pontiff Pius Til . was restored in tic Soman States he announced motu proprio iis intention to establish a rcghne analogous to that of the former "kingdom of Italy , " and adapted to the wants as well as the progress of civilisation . In a short space of time , hon ever , the publication of a civil and criminal code founded on principles -whicli had become obsolete clearly showed that he was anxious t » return to the odious past , and was unwilling to fulfil the promises made , and follow the councils which the Congress of Vienna had given to the Court of Rome . The clergy were covered with dignities and privileges , and the laity were deprived of all offices of even the smallest importance . Notwithstanding these cruel deceptions , public discontent did not manifest itself by acts of violence , even in the years 1821 and 1832 , when Kaples and Turin set up the cry of "Liberty I "

      After the Austrians had repressed the movement of those two Italian provinces , the Pontifical Court , when it had recovered irom its fright , instead of _erincinggratitude tothe people for the quiet attitude they had preserved during the disturbed state of public feeling , wished to take _rengence upon the thoughts , the sentiments , and the secret wishes » f the people through the instrumentality ofa political inquisition , which cast forth the seeds of its parry hatred , and of which we may expect at a later period to reap the sanguinary fruits . Pius Til . died in 1823 , and he was replaced by Leo XII ., who dedaimed a | _ra __ ast the fiiends ofcivil liberty , and sent as

      Gorernor of Romania one Bivarola , who , at once accuser and judge , incarcerated or exiled the people withoutpaying the slightest respect to condition , age , or previous _uemplary life . Attheaametime that the new Pontiff thus persecuted the opinions ofthe people , he applied the axe to the root of civilization in re-establishing and amplifying the privileges of mortmain , completing that system by the abolition of the district tribunals , and by putting in active operation the tribunal ofthe Holy O & ce . He granted power to the priesthood totry anddecideupon the cause ofthe laymen—he ordered the Latin language to be used in the courts and universities—he intrusted

      exclusively to the priesthood public instruction and all the civil establishments of beneficence . As if -Bivarola had not thus sufficiently compressed and afflicted the provinces , he gave him for assistance an extraordinary commission , composed of priests and officers , who desolated and oppressed the people for many years to sneh a degree that the sad _recoUection of itis vivid at the present day . T * Leo XII . succeeded Pins VIIL , who , following in the footsteps of his predecessor , never dreamed of removing fhe public grievances . Shortly before his death the French revolution of 1830 took place ; , _foUowed by _crm-Iar movements in several of fhe European states . During the vacancy of the apostolic chair the people of the Roman States thought the occa sion propitious to seek am amelioration ofthe forms ofthe Government . The arbitrary authority was destroyed fiom Bologna as far as the capital , and it feH without any efforts or violence ou the part ofthe people . The

      Government certainly would not have beeu able tore-establish it without great modifications , had not Austria instantly come in _trith her troops to render it a helping hand . -Nevertheless this power , at the same time that it compressed the popular movement , addressed itself to France , England , and Prussia , to concur in persuading the new Pontiff ( Gregory XVI . ) to improve the form of Government , and secure its tranquillity for the future . To this end the Ambassadors of the four powers , on the 21 st of May , 1 S 31 , presented a . diplomatic note , in which , among other ruforms , they proposed that laymen should be admissible to all civil administration and judiciary dignities and employments ; that certain electors should appoint the municipal councils , and the latter the provincial councils , which , in fine , would elect a Supreme Court , resident at Rome , intrusted with " the regulation of the civil and military- expenses , as well as the service of the public debt .

      Upon the publication of this important act , the pontifical subjects allowed hope to germinate in their hearts . The Pontiff himself announced tliat these ameliorations _wouldprovethecommencementofanewerajbutthehopes of the people , which had heen raised , were veiy soon dispelled , when the edictof the fifth of July made its appearance , in whichno mention was made of themunicipal election , nor of the Supreme Council of State , nor of any of the institutions statable to temperate monarchies . However , the Austrians being jet in Lombardy , the guardianship of the towns and the maintenance of order remained

      confided to tbe citizens organised under the approbation of the Government , and trauquillity reigned everywhere . It was deemed expedient to institute a legal proceeding . The provinces sent to Borne deputations composed af men of great talent and consideration , and the most recommendable , to entreat the sovereign to grant the _instigations which had "been -promised , and which were calculated to establish harmony between the governors and the governed ; bnt the court , which detested all innora tions , no matter how moderate they might be , paid no attention to their request .

      At that period Cardinal Albani assembled a troop at "Rimini , composed of men capable of committing every excess , and with this assistance he was instructed to install despotism in the provinces . 'This was the reign of those gross and ferocious men who , under the title of Pontifical voluntaries , were ready to murder all persons designated as Li- erals . Tor ten years it was neither the Pontifi" , nor Borne , nor yet the Cardinals who governed the legations , but this hmtal _midsjmgiiinaryfaction . Th ..-military _^ _mmicoinTig { _rourts-inartial ) jet continue to exercise their functions , passing sentence without form of procedure , without allowing the assistance of . counsel , condemning a vast number of people to prison , exile , death , and confiscation .

      Is it to be wondered at , therefore , that the people have cried out against such grievances ? We are reproached for demanding civil reforms having arms in onr hands , bnt we supplicate an tbe Sovereigns of Europe to conrider that imperious necessity has driven us to it ; that we have no legal means of manifesting our wishes , possessing no public representation whatever , nor even the simple rigbt of petition , and are reduced to such a state _ofsertitude thattomal-ea demand or complaint is regarded as an act of high treason . Our wishes are pure . They have for their object the

      dignity of the Apostolic throne , as well as the rights of the countiy and humanity- We venerate the ecclesiastical hierarchy and all the clergy . "We hope that his Holiness will acknowledge the noble essence of civilisation which Catholicity implies ; and also that our wisheB may not be interpreted in a sinister manner by Italy and Europe . We proclaim aloud our respect for the sovereign _^ - ofthe Pontiff , ashead ofthenmversal church , without restriction or condition . As to the obedience which he has a right to expect as temporal Sovereign , the following are the principles which we give him for basis , and the demands which we make known : —

      That he give an amnesty to all political prisoners cr accused from the year 1 _S 21 np to thepresentperiod ; th 3 t he give a civil and criminal code modelled upon those cf other nations ef Europe , embracing the publicity of debate , the institution of thejury , the abolition of _connscstion , andlikewise that of the pain of death for crimes cf high treason ; that the tribunal of the Holv Office shall exercise no jurisdiction upon laymen , and that the latter no longer submit to the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical tr ibunals ; that political offences shaU alwavsbe judged fcy the ordinary tribunals and according to the ordinary forms ; that the municipal councils he elected freely zy the citizens , and the choice approved by the Sovereign ; that these councils elect provincial Councils upon a _tride Est presented by fhe -Municipal Councils : that the

      Supreme Council of State be named by the Soverd"n from tiie lists presented by the Provincial Councils ; that the Supreme Council of State , resident at Rome . Lavs the _surtdHostee of the finances and thepublic debt- that it moreover bave a deliberative voice upon the receipts and expenditure of the State , and a consultative voice _upen other general subjects ; that all civil and military employments be granted to laymen ; that public instruction zo longer be confined to the bishops and _deigy—reli gious instruction being their exclusive right ; that the censure of the press be confined to preventing outrages ofthe divinity ofthe Catholic religion , of the Sovereign , and of private individuals ; that the foreign troops be dismissed that a civic and rural _goard be instituted , which Trill be charged with the maintenance of public order , and the observance of the laws .

      " Lastly , that the Government enter npon all social ameliorations which the sprit of the age demands , and which are practised by the other European Governments . The ahove document has been praised for its " temperatelanguage" aud " moderate demands : "

      ..J^Aimar^. ^Tleaslmwotos, - . Rand-Shou...

      even the Timet , ever ready to demand a " resolute _Austmnmtemntion'' to " maintakorder , " (!) even that ferociously anti-democratic journal , has praised the above address for its " moderation . " Moderate , indeed , must be the demands of the Italian patriots if they meet with the sympathy of the Ttmes . Now , _ltM precisely this moderation of tone , this "lame and impotent conclusion" of an otherwise excellent document which displeases ns . The first seven paragraphs in which the patriots narrate the history of the wrongs they have endured , am the treacheries through which tkey have suffered , from the period oftherestorationofPopeFiusVII . tothepresenttime , are unexceptionable ; but when they come to state

      their present demands , their '' moderation" excites our condemnation . The authors of the manifesto m , " Our wishes are pure . They have for their _objeefcthe dignity of the Apostolic throne , as well as the rights of the country and humanity . We venerate the ecclesiastical hierarchy and the clergy _, w * w -yj proclaim aloud 0 ur respect tor the sovereignty of thc Pontiff , [ as head of the universal church , without restriction or condition . " This is strange language for men to use in the selfsame document in which they have detailed a series of _perfidious and bloody enormities perpetrated by their precious Popes , sufficient to

      " Damn to everlasting fame " t " c flId _andhypocritical monks , " base imitators ot the Caesars in their crimes , without one spark of the redeeming qualities of Rome ' s old tyrants in then , composition , flow can these men couple in the same breath respect for the sovereignty of the Pontiff with their desire to establish the rights of the country and humanity ? The two cannot co-exist . In the Pope ' s eyes , humanity has no rights , the countiy has no rights , he rules by a " right divine , " as the representative and vice-gerent of tbe Deity ; his government must , therefore , be perfect . If his sovereignty as " head of the universal church without restriction or condition" is admitted , it is folly to dispute his sway , or to call on him to ameliorate

      his rule . We may 6 e told that we are confounding the Pope ' s temporal with his spiritual authority ; even so , but docs not the Pope confound the two ? does he not hold his temporal in virtue of his spiritual authority . The sword ofhis authority is two-edged , and he will no mere consent to blunt the one than the other . See the falsehood , villanry , and treachery , wliich the authors of this manifesto charge the Popes with , only during the last few years . See Pope Pins VII . voluntarily promising to establish a regime similar to that ofthe " kingdom of Italy , " and then so soon as he was firmly seated inthe Pontifical chair , violating his promise , and persecuting the Mends of progress , labouring to " take vengeance on the thoughts , the sentimentsand the secret wishes of

      , the people . " See Leo XII" oppressing" the people by incarceration , exile , and death ; restoring the infernal inquisition , and otherwise endeavouring to utterly uproot civilisation . See Pros VIII . " following in the footsteps of his predecessor . ' * See the present Pope , Gbegobt XVI ., after the people had declared their wishes , by an unanimous revolution , see him announcing his concurrence with the new era , and then as soon as the Austrian legions had put down the popular power * see this same Pope first treating with contempt the respectful and moderate petitions of the people , and then establishing a ten years of " terror , " not yet extinct , during which this same holy monster has waged a war of extermination against all suspected of liberalism . Confiscations ,

      banishments , and murders by wholesale , have been the means used by him to destroy those who allowed themselves to be deceived by his holy perjuries . Let it be remembered too , that when the kings of Naples and Sardinia desired to violate the oaths they had taken to maintain the constitutions achieved by the people of those countries , and to which constitutions they had given their own solemn assent , they found the Pope ready , to absolve them from their oaths _andwilfing to sanctify their peijuries . So for himself his Popeship , in the day ofhis tribulation , will take any oath , or swear to give or assent to anything , but once let him acquire his lost power again , and he will immediately declare his promise and Ms most sacred oaths null and "void : —

      "When the devil was sick , the devil a saint would be ; ¦ When the devil got well , the devil a saint was he . - And can his devilship—we beg pardon , his Popeship we mean—can he do wrong ? Certainly not . fie is tiie head ofthe church " without restriction or condition , " and as " God ' s vicegerent" he may take or break what oaths he pleases ! The " temporal reforms" demanded by the authors of the manifesto are _verj " moderate" indeed , but we will not criticise them . It may be that those demands , together with the ultra-veneration for the Pope , are put forth to conciliate the ignorant , prejudiced , and priest-ridden amongst the Italian people , by men who axe more liberal than they dare , or deem it prudent to avow . If so , the necessity for so acting is to b 9 lamented . It may be taken for granted that while the Pope continues to rule as a priestly despot , he will never be induced to relinquish his temporal tyranny .

      _ A letter fi-om Rome of the 18 th of October mentions tbat the Government was still uneasy respecting the disaffection of its subjects . The state prisons were filled with ? , 000 prisoners , many of them of the first families . We wonder what these unhappy prisoners , many of them , no doubt , destined to be slaughtered , think of the " dignity of the Apostolic throne ? " "Woeto "humanity , " and "humanity ' s rights / ' when Pontiffs rule " without restriction or condition !"

      Asdovss, Oct. 27.—Blyth, The Newly-Elected Master, Has Not Yet Arrived. Mr. Avestlalce Is To Resign On Satiu-Day Next, November Tiie 1st. Dr. Hammond

      _Asdovss , Oct . 27 . —Blyth , the newly-elected master , has not yet arrived . Mr . AVestlalce is to resign on _Satiu-day next , November tiie 1 st . Dr . Hammond

      Is To Succeed Him, He Paying A Lormal Vi...

      is to succeed him , he paying a lormal visit to the house this day ( Monday ) . The unfortunate woman , Mary Barrett ., who gave her evidence first in this inquiry , died in the union house on Friday morning last , and was buried at twelve o ' clock this day in the parish churchyard , having never recovered the cruelty exercised towards her since her admission , though every attention and comfort had been administered for the last six weeks . She had wasted to a perfect skeleton . The greatest insubordination prevails in the union at the present time . Price not seeming to care for the inmates , and they sot caring

      for him , knowing he is so soon to give place to another master . To show to what extent such feeling is carried by the men and boys in the union , no less than 48 panes ol * glass have been wantonly broken within a week , and the only punishment inflicted on the paupers so offending was that only seven ounces of bread should be given them instead of their usual quantity of meaton Saturday last—the ease isnoteven taken _nollca of by ihe guardians , or at least the complaints were not brought before them . Mr . John Ly wood , of "Upper Clatlord , guardian , states tbat the bone-crashing would not have been continued after the first complaint , had not Mr . "Westiake stated before the board , on the 16 th of August , that his opinion * _-as , it { the crushing ) was "neither

      overlaborious nor injurious to the health of the ablebodied paupers , and that the stench so complained of by Mr . Mundy was not true . " Death ok a Cosvict in ihe Compter . —On Monday nig ht Mr . Payne held an inquest in the governor s room of the Compter prison , _Giltspur-street , on the body of Hemy -Slofiat , aged 37 , a convict in that prison , whose death occurred under the circumstances subjoined : —It appeared in evidence that the deceased was married , but had not resided with his wife for the la 3 t two years . Since then he had been in ihe employ of Messrs . Burls and Co ., Manchester warshousemen . Wood-street . Cheapside , where he

      committed an act of felony , and was brought to the above prison on the 27 th of last August . Having been convicted of the charge , he was sentenced to four months on the iread-mill . By immoderate drinking , deceased had contracted a disease of the heart , which was severely acted upon by his imprisonment _, and , on the ISth instant , he became so ill that it was found necessary to place him under the care of the prison surgeon , who stated that his malady was dropsy of the pericardium , of which , notwithstanding all the attention paid to him , under the express orders ofthe governor of that prison , he died on Saturday evening , about nine o clock . _Verdict—Decessed died fi-om Ions standing dicease of

      thehesvl . MsL- _> _. ; noi __ T asd Fatal Coal-pit Accident . — Bristol , Oct . -37 . —On Saturday last the greatest consternation _prevailed at Kingswood , in consequence of a r epbrt that several men had been killed in a coal-pii- The report proved but too true . It appears _tbsa . on Saturday , at one o clock , the men engaged in lbs Upper Soundwell Pit , Kingswood , the propert _* oi " S . Whittuck , Esq ., were leaving their work . n * ve of the number had entered the basket , or " -art / ' as the colliers call It here , for the purpose of being drawn up to the top , when the rope broke , and rh- ? . v were precipitated to the bottom of the pit—* _dist & _sce of twerty-six yards . Besides tne five who had _watered the bucket , a sixth was about

      _settinaiuto it , and was also dragged down with it . four we . * killed instantly ; a fifth lingered three quarters of au hour , and then died . The man who had ml entered the basket was dreadfully mangled ; his arm _vhv-h < vas fractured , has since been amputated ! and _«* e lies now in a very dangerous state . _AssoosASJ . rope eould be got from another pit the bodies v > ' _* e drawn up , and presented a trighttul spectacle . The scene at this moment was beyond descuptioti-i-bUdren calling for their lathers , anu wives deplorius . iu the most frantic manner , the loss of tbeirhusbaiiOs . The names of the killed

      are"William Harris , aged about 60 , leaving a wife and largefamilv . most of whom , however , are married ; "Williim Bassett . between 60 and 70 years ; lhomas Bird , about 30 , leaving a wife and five children ; Benjamin "Wilshire , 33 , leaving a wife and three children ; and John Porter , 30 , leaving a wife and six children . The wounded man ' s name is George Britten ; he has also a wife and several _children . A melanchol v coincidence worth recording has happened , throush this accident , to the wife of the CIO ceased man Wilshire . She had been _previpusly . married _, and her former husband was killed in a pit by the breaking of a rope . She had also the same number of children ( three ) by each husband .

      Agrtculturr M Sorttculturc

      _agrtculturr m Sorttculturc

      Field-Garden Operations. For The Week Co...

      FIELD-GARDEN OPERATIONS . For the Week commencing Monday , Nov . 3 rd , 1843 . [ _Extractedftom a Diari of Attml Operations on fire small farms on the estates ofthe late Mrs . D . Gilbert , near Eastbourne , in Sussex ; and on several model farms on the estates of the Earl of Dartmouth at Slaithwaite , in Yorkshire , published by Mr . Nowell , of Farnley Tyas , near Huddersfieid , in order to guide other possessors of field gardens , by showing them what labours ought to be undertaken on their own lands . The farms selected as models are—First . Two school farms at "Willinedori and Eastdean , of

      five acres each , conducted by G . Cruttenden and John Harris . Second . Two private farms , of five or six acres : one worked by Jesse Piper , the other by John Dumbrell—the former at Eastdean , the latter at Jevington—all of them within a few miles of _Eastbourne . Third . An industrial school farm at Slaithwaite . Fourth . Several private model farms near the same place . The consecutive operations in these reports will enable the curious reader to compare the climate and agricultural value of the south with the north of England . The Diarv is aided by "Notes and Observations" from the pen of Mr . Newell , calculated for the time and season , which we subjoin .

      "Can you keep a pig ? Tou will find a pig the best save-all that you can have about a garden , and he willpay you well for his keep . "— The Itev . _ R . W . Kyle ' s lecture . ' Note . —The school farms are cultivated by boys , who in return for three hours' teaching in the morning , give three hours of their labour in the afternoon for the master ' s benefit , which renders the schools _selfsupporting . We believe that at Farnly Tyas sixsevenths of tlte produce of the school farm will be assigned ta the boys , and one-seventh to the master who will receive the usual school-fees , help the boys to cuMvute their land , and teach them , in addition to reading , writing , & c ., to convert their produce into boom , by attending iopig-keeping , whieh at Christmas may be divided , after , payiny rent and levy , amongst them in proportion to their services , and be made thus indirectly fa reach their parents in a way the most grateful to their feelings . !

      SUSSEX . _^ f _^^ f _^ on _^ K _^^ _^ Semforwhesit . Eastdean School . Sixteen boys , weather being wet , were platting straw for making hats , and thrash ing wheat over a barrel . Piper . Digging up pota _^ toes . Dumbrell . Rainy day , no report . TuEsnAT— Willingdon School . Wet dav , boys inschool . Eastdean School . Wet day , platting for hats , thrashing wheat , or in school . Piper . No report . Dumbrell . Wet , digging a few potatoes . " ' ' Wednesday — Willingdon School . Boys digging for wheat . Eastdean School . Boys digging for and sowing wheat , or pulling carrots , one of them 6 lbs . in weight . Piper . No report . Dumbrell . Digging up carrots and potatoes . Thubsdat—Willingdon School . Bo ys carrying out

      manure for wheat . Eastdean School . Boys emptying tank , pulling carrots and storing them . Piper Spreading dung on his grass land . Dumbrell . Digging up carrots and potatoes , heifer carrying dun « and potatoes . Friday — Willingdon School . Boys carrying out manure for wheat . Eastdean School . Boys drawing manure for wheat , digging , sowing wheat , and picking stones . Piper . Pulling carrots , turnips , and mangel wurzei , and storing them . Dumbrell . Rainy day , no report . Saturdat— Willingdon School . Boys digging for Wheat . Eastdean School . Taking in a wheat rick , , _emptyingj > ortable pails , pigstyes , and cleaning school . Piper . Balmier , and clearing away leaves , mid all lands of rubbish near the house . Dumbrell Burying potatoes , drilling wheat , heifer carrying dung and potatoes . 6

      _COW-FEEMKO . ' Wittingdon School . Cows fed on white turnips and chaff . DumbreU ' s . One cow fed with carrot tops and straw for one day ; with turnips , mangel wurzei , and straw for two days ; with turnips , carrot tops , and straw for four days . Cow and heifer fed all . the week on turnips , carrot tops , and straw . ' ; Wheat _Droling . — © n light land , driU your wheat about three inches deep , the seed being well under the surface , is less the prey of birds , and less in danger from the frost , and by rooting more and deeper before it rises _abore the surface , the stalks obtain greater . nourishment for the ears , the corn is more plump , and the steins resist the wind and weather better , and stand more erect ; on wet stiff soil , however it is not requisite to put it in more than one and a half or two inches deep . ' ' '

      ON THICK AND THIN SOWING ! The auestion of thin sowing is a most iniportant one , individually and nationally , involving the consideration whether we do not bury in the soil every year wastefully and prejudicially three million _quarters of corn . I have endeavoured to bring my mind quite unprej udiced to the examination of this question , and present , for the consideration of my brother agriculturists , some facts and reasonings with a view to stimulate unprejudiced experiments , which , I hope , will be fairly tried on a moderate scale , for an average of seasons , m every district . Before proceeding to the general question , I would propound as theories , supported by facts observable within my own knowledge on my own farm . —

      1 . That the tendency of thin sowing is to increase the size , vigour and perfect development of the stem , ear , and kernel , prolonging its growth , and consequently delaying its maturity .- ' . - .- _^_ , , ,,, . _„ ; 2 . That , on the contrary , thick sowing hastens ripening , but renders the plant in . every respect more diminutive and less productive . 3 _. That a large quantity of seed will not produce so large a crop in a short time , aa a small quantity of seed in a longer time ; the supply of manure ,: soil , and climate being alike to both . 4 . That _dibbling delays the maturity of a corn crop , but promotes its tillering . 5 . That drilling and broadcasting hasten its matllritv but . diminish its tillfirinor .

      C . That the propriety of thick , moderate , or thin sowing must depend on the nature , quality , and condition of the soil ; the comparative temperature and moisture of the climate , and the period at which it may be most convenient to the farmer to put in his seed . The quantity that would be judicious in the luxuriant sou and moist warm climate of tbe south and west of Ireland and England , would most probably be quite insufficient in the highlands of Scotland , or in our cold and dry northern and eastern districts , with long winters and short summers .

      7 . That neither a large nor a small quantity of seed will produce a full . crop if the _soiljcontains only food enough for half a ' crop 8 _. Tbat a small quantity of seed sown at a proper early period , with deep and frequent cultivation between the widely-placed rows , will produce a much larger return than an abundantly-seeded close-sown crop in which the horse-hoe could not be' worked . Tillage here supplies an equivalent for manure . 9 . That by varying the quantity of seed we sow in our different fields , we can cause an interval of succession in their ripening , and so prevent their all coming ready for the sickle at the same time . This is convenient at harvest time . ' I

      10 . That on land that has been _subsoiled or trenched for the previous root-crop , the wheat crop is delayed in its maturity at least one week . This is worth noticing—the fact being obvious in several of my fields this season . The cause is a more vigorous and prolonged growth ; which instructs us that in well-drained deeply-cultivated soils we may expect greater bulk , and should therefore give longer time for growth by earlier and thinner sowing . "I am convinced that thin sowing must rank with deep drainage and deep tillage as one of the bases of our agricultural structure . To Jethro Tull in ancient , and to Mr . Hewitt Davis in modern times , belongs the honour and credit of this discovery . The latter gentleman ' s essay ( rejected by thc Royal

      Agricultural Society ) , supported by long ana well-provea practice , is one of the most important agricultural documents ever promulgated—second only to __ deep drainage and deep and frequent tillage , on which it is dependant . The mere rejection of this document is a great honour to Mr . Davis ; for it proves his practice to be so far in advance of his own times , that cautious men are afraid to go with him , even in his facts . It was no donbt the fear . ; , of a great . responsibility * that caused Mr . Davis to lose the prize to which he aspired ; but his honour will and must , nevertheless , soon come , and be followed by an amendment of our , at present , -wretchedly defective system of tillage . I will now proceed to give reasons for the opinions I have expressed . In various portions of my fields I have dibbled and drilled wheat at the rate of two pecks and three quarters , four pecks , and five pecks per acre . These have been sown m

      December and January . It will be readily admitteu that if I can obtain a crop from such late and wm sowing in a winter like the last ( which has been almost a continuous frost since the time of sowing until May ) , the experiment has been tested under the most adverse circumstances . In fact , so severe has it been that , on the north side , or rounded edge ot the stetehes in one well drained field , some portion ol both the dibbled and drilled thick and thin sown have each perished where the snow was blown ott , anil tne birds were most persevering in their attacks . So thin ( but not yellow ) have looked my wheats , that we have been most abundantly p itied or blamed by our numerous visitors , until my late tenant ( who manages for me ) _absolutely fancied they must be right , and quite desponded . 'Tis true , here and there a visitor has remembered that his wheats , which he had half determined off p loughing up m early spring owing to their wretched appearance _^ haye

      * In 19-'20ths Of The Heavy Uudrained, W...

      * In 19- ' 20 ths of the heavy uudrained , weedy , _halttilled lands-of this country , thin sowing would beih wetwinters a ruinous affair , because we well know in such seasons , on such lands , much of the seed rots or perishes . In fact , I have often heard farmers say the water lies in , or follows the line of drill , ahd yet such men never drtam ot drainage . But on chalks , limestones , sands , gravels , and other self-drained soils , thin sowing ( or , in preference , thin dibbling ) cannot fail to be profitable , provided thC horse-hoe and hand-hoe ( with heavy . autumnal and spring rollings ) keep the intermediate surface open and free . It was , no doubt , a consideration of these circumstances that caused the society to decide as thev did .

      * In 19-'20ths Of The Heavy Uudrained, W...

      alway _^ _s turned out his best crops . And we have been occasionall y consoled by a stray remark , " Oh ! it Till _^ _Hmhv there will be wheat enough _;"wl-f *? _?** more than _PeoP 1 ex ? 60 * ' " and so on . "i _" _' another has remembered that his luxuriant crop of April has , in a cold and wet July and August _, been laid , matted , and rotted , or destroyed . However , amid this storm of conflicting opinions , Ihave calmly and , confidently looked on as an unprejudiced _ooserver depending oh facts and common sense , and not on opinions . The most interesting way of viewing thin sowing would be to consider—Its effects on the whole course of rotation . Its increase in the quantity of food . Its diminution of the waste of food . Its substitution Of corn for weeds . Its progressive arid continuous amelioration of the soil .

      And by all these its increase of profit to the tenant and landlord . I have taken some pains to ascertain how results , adverse ) to the principle of thin sowing , have heen obtained . The following are illustrations amongst others : — Well , you sowed three pecks per acre : how did it answer ? We did not get quite so much as with eight pecks . Did you give It more than usual hoeings ?—No , we gaveit twohand-hoeings . Were there not many weeds ?—Oh , yes , a great many more than usual . . B It did not occur to you that the ground being so much less covered in the plant ' s early growth , that it was necessary to prevent entirely the erowth of weeds

      » y additional hoeing ? -No , it did not . And do you consider this a fair trial ?—We do . Why is wheat an exhausting crop ? and why are roots not considered a scourging crop , although they really are much more so than wheat ? We may safely compare the undisturbed shaded cold and sour ground under a dense wheat crop to soil shaded by trees . 1 here is a foul fusty smell in soil that has i _^ ee i 11 excluded from light , very different from the health y nosegay ofa summer tilth . In one case we see the result ; in the other we only see the wheat . VV e admit that the benefits of light , air , and evening dews are great ; nobody denies the excellence of a clean fallow . That atmosphere which has disintegrated and reduced to dust the solid marbles and cities

      oi . antiquity , will alike chemically decompose the particles of earth we _expose .-to its influence . Frequent . tillage and comminution is our best and cheapest manure ; and yet we obstinately decline following Jethro Toil ' s and Mr . Hewett Davis ' s plan of a fallow amongst the growing corn crops . This is the great secret of Mr . Davis ' s subsequent good crops fhe soil is ready to . receive them . Were we to treat our turnip crop as we do our wheat crop , where would be the following crop ? Imagine a crop of turnips on the ground ten months out of the twelve , not , thinned , and only a couple of scratchwgs , called hand-hoeings , bestowed on it . Oh ! but a turnip swellsso . Well , doesnotawheatplant swell into a giant if you will but give it space and time .

      with deep and frequent cultivation and ample food ? Would you have grown into yourwell-developed form had you been cramped in the clothing of your boyish days , and had not more room been given to you as you advanced in size ? The struggle for air , light , and food is quite as great amongst a crowded wheat crop on poor land , as it was amongst our unfortunate countrymen when confined in the blaek-hole at Calcutta _, tike them , many perish in the struggle , The puny ears , shrivelled kernels , and spindling stems , are caused by the plants striving to get their heads above their companions , whose pressure on their sides forces them up to a longitudinal decrepitude . Here let me quote the truthfnl , eloquent , and impressive words of Professor Johnstone : — " The light of the

      sun , in the existing economy of nature , is indeed equally necessary to the health of plants and of animals . The former become pale and sickly , and refuse to perform their most important chemical functions when excluded trom the light . Thc bloom disappears also from the human cheek , the body wastes away , and the spiritsinks , when the unhappy prisoner is debarred from the sight of the blessed sun . In his system , too , the presence of light is necessary to the performance of those chemical functions , on which the healthy condition of the vital fluid depends . " Who after this will advocate the exclusion of light b y thick sowing ? A blanched sea-kale is a powerful illustration of the effect of the absence of light . I do not consider the system of thin sowing can be profitably carried out with the ordinary hand-hoe .

      My plan is to use Garrett and Son ' s horse-hoe , which covers a whole stetch _, seven feet two inches wide , and will , with two horses , disturb deeply ten acres per day , and remove all weeds from between the rows . I shall use it weeds or no weeds , whenever the ground is dry , for the purpose of fallowing tho land , and facilitating the escape of moisture and change of air by percolation and evaporation ; whilst the warm night dews are in summer admitted into the open comminuted surface . Unless this is done thin sowing must prove a failure . The horse-hoe should precede and succeed such little hand-hoeing as may be necessary between the plants . It i 3 a singular corroborative fact that our dibbled wheat ( on the heavy land , not the light land ) , which looked best all

      tne winter , during tne spring rains turned yellow-, which I attribute entirely to our being unable to horse-hoe between the rows . The thin sown drilled , which had been horse-hoed , looked beautifully green on the same description of soil . I am having Newberry ' s dibbling machine altered ta cover the whole stetch , seven feet two , with foot distance between the rows , so as to enable me to use Garrett ' s horse hoe . I am not aware there was any other cause for the yellow appearance of the dibbled portion . Horsedioeing , or opening of the soil , I consider indispensable with all crops , but especially dibbled wheats on heavy land : being deeply reotcd , they are deprived by a tenacious surface ot a proper supply of oxygen , dec , without which the roots cannot perform their functions .

      In lig ht or mellow soils there is no such risk . In such soils all corn should be dibbled ; but until I have an opportunity another season of tryingdibbled wheat on heavy land , well horse-hoed , I am not prepared to say , whether dibbling with a machine in a late cold and wet season is advisable on heavy lands . I am convinced drilling is to be preferred to dibbling , il we get a cold wet spring and cannot use the horse-hoe Such soils ( even though recently drained ) in wet cold weather become so much _| solidified , as to prevent evaporation and consequently percolation , and the circulation of air , unless the surface is frequently opened by cultivation . Even in drained heavy land the surface should be kept well open , for when the surface is sodden or solidified , the internal water cannot

      descend to the drains .. As an illustration , liquid will not flow out of a cask unless we let in air above by removing the . vent peg . The deeper the roots the more they suffer . It may be admitted that , in such rare seasons as the last , dense . crops were productive , because from the extraordinary drought , innumerable cracks or fissures were the means of permitting extensive percolation and evaporation , but against such a season must be balanced those more commonly wet ones , which cause loss by mildewed and laid crops . But even last year , I know of thin crops being the most productive on well cultivated soils . The deficiency in the number of stems is compensated by the length , size , and uniformity of the ears , and the creatl y

      increased number of kernels , 110 of which I have frequently counted from one wheat ear . The blade or flag leaf is also of course much larger . It is well known that on poor light lands wheats never tiller or branch so well as in heavier soils ; there is a tendency to a more vapid or surface growth ; In order to prevent this , they should , in such soils , be , well rolled when sown , and as soon as they are above ground ; and again shortly after , " as well as in the spring . This checks their upward growth , and obliges the tap root to descend into the subsoil , out of tiie way of frost and excessive drought , for there are two roots to wheat , a fibrous surface root and a downward tap root , _ which are connected by a neck between them ( varying from one to six inches ,

      according to the depth at winch the seed is placed . ) For want of this autumnal rolling , many thousand acres of light land wheats have this severe winter been killed by thefrost whicli perished theroots ; especially on the north-side of the stitches . A farmer who lost fifty acres told me to day , that whero he rolled in autumn he saved his wheats , having previously observed that where cart-wheels had passed over the land , the plant _n _* as vigorous . No implement answers so well for this purpose as _Crosskill's clod roller . Of course , in heavy land such rolling cannot be required in a wet autumn ; in a very dry one it might be useful , although such land would seldom require pressure . Supposing we are satisfied to receive as a crop five quarters , or 160 pecks of wheat per acre , —what ratio of increase do we require from each kernel , assuming that we sow two pecksper acre ? Why eighty kernels

      or one _luti" sized ear . ( I saw some ears last season containing 100 kernels . ) Now where is the man te deny that the average produce from each kernel may be , instead of eighty kernels , from 500 to 2000 or more , with ample space , absence of weeds , wire-worm , and game . It is quite clear , that on the tillering or brandling of wheat , depends the whole question—that branching or tillering is indicative of vigour in the roots , both tap mi fibrous . That vigour can alone be produced by deep drainage , early sowing , frequent , deep , and clean cultivation , a total absence of weeds , occasional _top-dressings of manure , if the land is not of rich quality , or the plant be weak ; and on light land , ample rollings . With the present defective system of farming , thin sowing must be a failure . T . J . Miche . Julvl 845 .

      Courage. —It Is A Popular Error To Suppo...

      Courage . —It is a popular error to suppose that courage means courage m everything . Put a hero on board ship at a five-barred gate , and if he is not used to hunting he will turn pale . Put a fox-hunter on one of the Swiss chasms , over which the mountaineer springs like a roe , arid his knees will knock under him . People are brave in the danger to which they accustom themselves , either in imagination or practice . —Bulwer .

      Ffiaim Inftufgeticr*

      _ffiaiM _inftUfgeticr *

      London Corn Exchange, Monday, Oct. 27.— ...

      London Corn Exchange , Monday , Oct . 27 . — The past week ' s arrivals of English wheat for our market , coastwise , were large—viz ., nearly 16 , 000 _quai'tors ; but by land carriage very little came to hand from any part . The receipts of barley , oats , beans , and flour , were limited , but those of peas good . From Ireland and Scotland comparatively few parcels of any kind of grain reached us , while the imports of foreign _produeowero not to say extensive . Fresh up to-day comparatively little wheat came to hand from the neighbouring counties , yet the stands were somewhat largely filled ; many parcels appearing on the market left over from last week . Notwithstanding the attendance of buyers was numerous , the demand for all descriptions of home produce was somewhat inactive . However , the finest parcels of

      both red and white were mostly taken at prices quite equal to those obtained on Monday , last ; but those of the middling and out of condition sorts had , in some instances , a downward tendency . The favourable weather experienced during the last ten days caused the wheat to come to hand in much better condition than for some time past . Thc show of free foreign wheat was small , but fully equal to the wants of the trade . Selected qualities moved off freely * , other kinds slowly , at last week ' s currencies . In bond very few transactions took place in wheat , but several speculative purchases were made in oats , beans , and peas , at extreme rates . The barley trade , though the arrivals have been rather limited , waa not to say brisk , nevertheless malting parcels commanded a rise of Is . per quarter , and the value of grinding and distilling sorts had an upward tendency . At the close of the market nearly the whole of the supply was cleared off . For superfine season-made malt the sale

      was rather active , at fully previous rates . Other kinds quite as dear . The show of oats was very small , owing to which , the extensive demand , and the high rates ruling in Ireland , together with advices having been received to the effect that very few shipments are making from the principal Irish ports either to London or Liverpool , tne quotations ( which rose quite Is . on Friday ) ruled 28 . to 8 s . per quarter higher than on this day se ' nnight , and at which a total clearance was effected . Tne supply of beans was far from extensive . All kinds moved off freely at rather more money . As has been the case for some time past , peas commanded a brisk inquiry , at a rise in the quotations of from ls . to 2 s . per quarter . For export very little was doing . The supply from our own coasts was again large , and of good qualitv . Flour was iu fair request , and the best town-made was selling at COs . per 280 lbs . Canary seed was ls , to 2 s . per quarter dearer . Linseed was in request at more money . Other kinds of seeds supported late rates .

      CURRENT PRICES OF GRAIN , FLOUR , AND SEED IN MARK-LANE . BRITISH GBilN . Shillings per Quarter . Wheat .. Essex & Kent , white , new .. 62 to 72 .. 67 to 76 Ditto , red 58 68 .. 69 72 Suffolk and Norfolk , red .. 60 65 white 69 71 Lincoln and York , red .. 61 67 white 66 71 Northumb . and Scotch .. . 61 69 Bye .. .. .. .. .. .. 29 32 Barley .. Malting 33 36 extra 38 — Distilling 80 85 Grinding 25 27 Malt .. Shin .. .. .. .. 54 58 W _" are 60 62

      Oats .. Lincolnshire and Yorkshire , feed , 26 s Od to Q 8 s Od _s potato , or short , 27 s Od to 31 s Od ; Poland , 26 s 6 d to 81 s 6 d ; Northumberland and Scotch , Angus , 29 s 6 dto 31 s 6 d ; potato , 82 s 6 d to 83 s 6 d ; Irish feed , 25 s Od to 27 s 6 d ; black , 25 s Od to 27 s Od ; potato , 26 s Od to 29 s 0 d ; Galway , 24 s Od to 25 s Od . Beans .. Ticks 38 12 Harrow , small .. .. 38 44 Peas .. "White 41 48 boilers 50 54 Gray and hog .. .. 39 42 Flour .. Norfolk and Suffolk .. 45 61 Town-made ( per sack of 2801 bs 48 56 Buckwheat , or Brank .. .. .. 30 32

      ENGLISH SEEDS , & C . Red clover ( per cwt . ) .. 40 to 7 a White clover ( per cwt . ) .. ..... .. 4 74 ltapesecd ( per last ) .. .. £ 26 28

      eobeiqn Gain * . Shillings per Quarter . Free . In Bond . Wheat .. Dantsic and _Konigsberg 68 extra 70 .. 53 — 68 Ditto ditto .. 65 — 68 .. 50 — 53 Pomeranian , & c _^ Anhalt 59 — 67 .. 43 — 55 Danish , Holstein , & C . .. 57 — 63 .. 43 — 53 Russian , hard .. .. 53 — 57 Ditto , soft .. .. 53 — 59 .. 40 — 52 Spanish , hard .. .. 59 — 60 Ditto , soft .. .. 61 — 65 .. 44 — 48 ltalian , Tu 3 can , < fcc ., red 62 — 48 Ditto , white .. .. 64 — 70 .. 46 — 54 Odessa < bTaganrog , hard 54 — 57 Ditto , soft .. .. 51 — 59 .. 89—45 Canadian , bard .. . 67 — 60 Ditto , fine .. .. 61 — 63

      Rye . Russian , Prussian , itc . 28 — 30 Barle .. Grinding .. .. .. 26 — 31 Ditto , distilling .. .. 31 — 34 .. 19 — 26 Oats .. Dutch , feed .. .. 22 — 25 Ditto , brew and thick .. 24 — i 7 .. 17 — 21 Russian .. .. .. 21 — 24 .. 18 — 18 Danish & Mecklenburg 20 — 23 .. 14 — 17 Beans .. Ticks , 33 to 39 , small .. 37 — 44 .. 32 — 43 Egyptian .. .. .. 30 — 35 .. 28 — 34 Peas .. White , 40 to 56 , gray .. 42 — 46 Fiom * .. Dantsic and Hamburgh ( per barrel ) , fine 28 32 , superfine .. .. 31 — 36 .. 21 — 24 Canada , 31 to 34 , United States 32 — 88 .. 21 — 26 Buckwheat „ .. .. .. 30 — 35 Mustard seed , brown ( per bushel ) 9 s to 14 s ; white , 10 s to 15 s . Linseed cakes ( per 1000 of 31 b each ) £ 11 to £ 1110 s .

      _FOBEIQN _SEEnS , & c . Per Quarter . Linseed .. Petersburg !! and Riga ( free of duty ) .. iitoii Archangel , 40 to 43 , Memel and Konigsberg .. ., ., 42 44 Mediterranean , 40 to 46 , Odessa . .. 44 4 S Itapesced ( free of duty ) per last .. .. £ 24 26 Red glover ( 10 s per cwt . and 5 per cent , on the duty ) .. .. .. .. 40 62 _JVhite ditto 45 68 . Tares , small spring ( free of duty ) 31 to 33 , large .. 40 — Linseed cake ( free of duty ) , Dutch , £ 710 s , £ S 10 s , French , per ton .. .. £ 715 , £ 815 Rape cakes ( free of duty ) .. £ 5 £ 5 5

      Average Prices Of The Last Six Weeks, Wh...

      AVERAGE PRICES Of the last six weeks , which regulate the Duties from the 23 rd to the 29 th of October .

      Wheat Barley Oats . Bye . Beans Peas . Week ending s * d * 9 * d * s * d * *¦ d ' 8 ' _*¦ '" ¦ ' d _* Sept . 13 , 1845 .. 54 1 31 0 22 3 88 2 42 10 36 5 Week . ending Sept . 20 , 1845 .. 54 1 31 0 22 3 33 2 42 10 36 5 Week ending Sept . - " . IMS .. 52 6 39 0 21 7 82 8 42 5 37 0 Week ending Oct . 4 , 1843 .. 53 2 30 2 22 2 33 1 42 5 38 9 Week ending Oct . 11 , 1845 .. 56 0 31 1 23 4 38 8 43 1 42 6 Week ending Oct . 18 . 1845 .. 57 9 31 8 23 4 34 2 43 1 44 4

      Aggregate average of the last six weeks .. 54 11 31 0 22 7 33 4 42 8 39 3 London aver . ages ( ending ' Oct . 21 , 1845 ) 63 4 34 4 25 0 37 5 40 8 46 7 Duties .. ; . 18 070 60 96 10 36

      London Smithfield Market , Mowur, Oor. 2...

      London Smithfield Market , _Mowur , Oor . 27 . — The past week ' s imports of foreign stock into London have been only moderate , viz ., 51 oxen , 67 cows , and 300 sheep from Rotterdam , together with 25 oxen from Hamburgh , and about 40 small pigs from France . To-day only about 30 foreign beasts and 120 sheep were on oner , the whole of which found buyers at full prices . At the outports about 200 beasts and sheep have been received , chiefly from Holland . From our own grazing districts the arrivals of beasts fresh up this morning were very extensive , the time of year considered , and , on the whole , of improved quality . The attendance bf buyers being very numerous , the primest Scots , Devons , HerefOrds , runts , & c , commanded a very steadg sale , at prices fully equal to those obtained on _Monday last . The middling and inferior kinds were not quite so

      active as on that day ; nevertheless , previous rates were well supported , and a good clearance was effected . From the northern counties we _received about 2000 shorthorns ; from the eastern districts , 300 Scots , homebreds , shorthorns , & e . ; from the western and midland parts of England , 700 Herefords , Devons , runts , Ac . ; from other parts , 400 of various breeds ; from Ireland , 90 beasts ; and from Scotland , 120 horned and polled Scots . The number of sheep were again small , owing to which the mutton trade was decidedly brisk , and the quotations had , in some instances , an upward tendency . The demand for veal was active , and rates were quite id . per 8 lbs . higher than on this day se ' nnight . Although we had a lull average supply of pigs on offer , the sale for them was firm , ana tiie last advance in the quotations was well supported .

      By the quantities of 81 b ., sinking the offal . 8 . d . _s . d , Inferior coarse beasts . . 2 6 2 8 Second quality . . . 2 10 8 . * Prime large oxen . . 3 6 8 10 Prime . Scots , Ac . . . . 4042 Coarse inferior sheep . . 3840 Second quality . . , 4244 Prime coarse woolled . , 4648 Prime Southdown . . 4 10 5 0 Large coarse calves . . 4 4 4 le Prime small ... . 6 o 5 4 Suckling ealves , each . . 18 0 30 0 Large hogs .. . . » " * « Neat small porkers . . , , _Quarter-old store pigs , each . 16 o «_! » HEAD OF CATTLE ON _8 _AIB . ( From the Books ofthe Clerk of the Market . ) Beasts , 3 , _954-Slieep , 24 , _250-Calves , _85-Pies . .

      _Richmonh Corn Market , Oct . 25 . —We had a large supply of grain in our market to-day . We have had anotner week of fine weather , and most ofthe corn in this neighbourhood has been cot into stack iu good condition . Old wheat sold from 8 s . 6 d . to 9 s . Od . ; new ditto , 5 s . to 8 s . ; _oata , 3 s . to 4 s . ; barley , 4 s . 3 d . to ia . 6 d . ; beans , 6 s . 3 d . to ° 03 . 6 d . per bushel .

      London Smithfield Market , Mowur, Oor. 2...

      _Mancotsieb _Cobk AIabkkt , Satubda _* _. Oct . 25 . — The pause reported in the Wheat trado at _Mark-lana this week , combined with weather of a mora _/ a _yotuv able character , has caused the transactions in flow tobe ofa less lively nature than previously . Still afair consumptive demand for the article has been experienced , and tho stocks in first hands _beiDfitt moderate extent only , the currency ofthe preceeding market day was fully supported . Oats and oatmeal , influenced by continued gloomy reports relative to the fotatoe crops , were much inquired for and realized a further improvement in prices . At oui ? market this morning all descriptions of wheat met a slow sale at the currency of this day se ' nnight . Flout was in steady , but not extensive requcst . at former ; rates . On oats an advance of fully 4 d . per 45 _lbifc must be noted ; and oatmeal , both old and hew , being taken off freely , was 6 d . to Is . per load dearer . Beana were without change .

      _LlVJBRPOOL _COBiY Mabket , _Fridax , Oci . 23 . —At our market this day there was only a slow retail demand for old wheat , at Tuesday ' s rates . New Irish was offering Id to 2 d per bushel lower , and not much disposed of . There was a good demand for grinding barley , at very full prices . Beans were held foe rather more money , and peas for an advance of 23 to 3 s per qr . Thero was a steady sale for both old and new oats , at an advance of Id . per bushel . Oatmeal was ls per load dearer , and very little of either old or new offering . There was only a slow sale foe Irish and Canada flour , at barely Tuesday's rates . Wo heard of no sales of wheat under lock . Flour inbond was much _sought after , and 31 s per barrel would have been freely paid .

      Lkkds Corn Market , _TnEsnxY , Oct . 28 . — The arrival of all grain is small for this day ' s market , but as the demand is slow and limited to immediate wants , the supply of wheat proves quite equal to the demand ; and for all but the finest samples , we note a decline in value , and new wheat is ls to 2 s per qr . cheaper than on this day week . There is a good demand for barley , and the best descriptions bring full prices . Oats cdntinue scarce . No alteration in the value of beans , or other articles . Birmingham Corn Exchange , _TnnnanAT , Oct . -23 . —At this day ' s market there was only a moderate supply of wheat , which sold . at ls . per quarter more than this day' se ' nnight . Barley , ef all descriptions _.

      2 s . per quarter dearer ; and oats realized a similar advance . Egyptian beans sold at an improvement of 2 s . to 3 s . " per quarter ; old English , ls . to 23 . higher . The retail price of flour was advanced 3 s . id . per sack . Peas Is . to 2 s . dearer . The complaints of the potatoes continue to increase . Wakefield Corn Market , Friday , Oct . 24 . The arrivals of wheat to this day ' s market arc good , a great portion of which is new in poor condition . The demend for fine old runts is brish , at fully last currency ; all new samples of good quality remain unaltered in value . Barley is steady . Beana as fully as dear as last week . Oats are 2 d . per stone , and shelling ls . to Is . 6 d . per load higher .

      Saultnipte, &U

      _Saultnipte _, _& u

      Bankrupts. Ffrom Tuesday's Gazette, Octo...

      BANKRUPTS . fFrom Tuesday ' s Gazette , October 28 , 1845 J James Summers , of Cambridge , cabinet maker—George Michael Von Dadelszen , of . 23 , Mincing-lane , City , merchant—George Hoskins _, late of Old Broad-street , City , but now of Peckham , Surrey , watchmaker—WiUiam Bellamy , of 4 , Clarence-place , Middleton . road , Kingsland . road , builder-Isaac Blackburn , of 128 , Minories , and _Northumberland-alley _, _Fenchurch-street , City , engineer-Edward Leman and Thomas Kinsm an Bryan , ot Upper Thames-street , City , wharfingers—Henry Tune , of 102 , Blackfriars-road , boot and shoo manufacturer—Sophia Smith , of Garboldisham , Norfolk , grocer— "Wffliam Burns , of Rhyl , Flintshire , draper—James Docker , Birkenhead , joiner—lUchard Wavr , of Beaminster , Dorsetshire , auctioneer—Thomas Howarth , of Rochdale , woollen , manufacturer . DIVIDENDS DECLARED .

      William Hill and William Kcmble Wackerbarth _, of Leadenhall-street , City , ship agents , fourth dividend of 7 id in the pound , payable at 25 , Coleman-street , any Wednesday . ¦ ' Thomas Seddon and George Seddon _, of Calthorpe-place _, Gray _* s-inn-road , upholsterers , first dividend of Dos in tha pound on the separate estate ot Thomas Seddon , payable * at 25 , Coleman-strcet , any Wednesday . John Morgan Leader , of 3 G 1 , _Oxford-street , coach ma . ker , first dividend of 4 s lOd in the pound , payable at 25 , Coleman-street , any Wednesday . m ,. _-, •„ __ . Robert Currie , of Newcastle-upon-Tyne , bookseUer , final dividend of _8 § d in the pound ( in addition to 4 s 8 d in tha pound previously , declared ) , payable at 57 , _Grey-street , Newcastle-upon-Tyne , any Saturday . _ ... _ _. _ , Thomas Brewer , of Liverpool , flax dealer , first dividend of 2 s _8 d in the pound , payable at 11 , Eldon . chambers , any Thursday . „ George Bytbrd , of Liverpool , wholesale grocer , first dividend of 5 s in the pound , payable at 11 , Eldon-chambers , on Thursday .

      DIVIDENDS TO BS DECLARED . -it the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Isaac Hughes , of Chelmsford , shoemaker , November 19 . at twelve—James Welsh , of the Coach and Horses , _Ring-, cross . HoUoway , and of Chalgrave , Bedfordshire , victualler , November 19 _> at twelve—Charles Sctwlefield , of Kingston-upon-Thames , timber merchant , November 19 , at eleven—James Clarke Crespin , of 31 , Eastcheap , City , shipping agent , November 19 , at half-past twelve—Archibald Morton , Archibald Rodick , and Charles Morton , of Wellingborough , Nortbamtonshire , bankers , November 18 _» at half-past one—George How Green and George Courthope Green , of Barge-yard , Bucklersbury , wholesale sta . _tioners , Novomber 18 , at eleven .

      In the Country . William Michael Onions , of Westbromwich , ironfounder , November 27 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham—William Scott , of Manchester , grocer , November 28 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Manchester —William Summers and Nicholas Rae , of Strangeways , Lancashire , ropemakers , November 19 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Manchester—Edward' Thomas Jones and Henry ilorritt Croskill , of JKochdale , book . _seUers , November 10 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Manchester—Gregory Seecombe and Samuel Seccombe , of Tavistock , Devonshire , and Bude , Cornwall , taUors , November 20 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Exeter—William John Jac-kman Coall , of Exeter _^ grocer , Novomber 20 , at eleven , at the Court of Uankruptcy , Exeter—W . Reay , of Walker , Northumberland , 8 _hip-builder , Nov . 19 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Newcastle-upon-Tyne—GeorgeWalker , of Newcastle-upon-Tyne , ship insurance broker , November 19 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Newcastle-upon-Tyne—John . Palmer , sen ., of Stapleford , Nottinghamshire , and _Thomaa Topley Barker , of Sandiacre , Derbyshire , cotton doublers _.

      November 91 , at twelve , at the Court ot Bankruptcy , Bnv mingham—John Clarke , Joseph Philips , and Thomas Smith , of Leicester , bankers , December 5 , at twelve , at tbo'Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham-James Heaton , of liudlow _, stationer , November 21 , at half-past eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham . _ClBTlFICATES to be granted , unless cause be shown to tho contrary on the day of meeting . John Guy , of 30 , Buiy-street , Westminster , publisher , November 19—Isaac de Joseph Ventura , of 8 , White Hartcourt , Bishopsgate-street , merchant , November 19 — William _Soffe , of 38 o , Strand , print seller , November 19—Hezekiah Denby Coggan , of 39 , Friday-street , City , ware » houseman , November 18—Richard Garrett , of Heofield , Sussex , linen draper , November 18-Bdivurd Mallan , of Brook-street , Bond . street , and of Oxford-street , dentist , November 19—George Tupenny Peers , of Ironmonger-lane , Cheapside , plumber , November 19—John Holman Suckling-, o f Birmingham , ironmonger , November 21 . Certificates to be granted by the Court of Review , unless _, cause be shown to tne contrary , on or before November 18 . John Riky , of Liverpool , merchant—John Braithwaite , of Morpeth , Northumberland , innkeeper .

      PAMXEU 6 H 1 P 8 CISB 0 LYE _ . , Jane Robinson , Martha Midgley , and William _Midglejr , of Liverpool , milliners—George _Stebbing , sen ., and Horatio Nelson Stebbing , of Portsmouth , opticians—Ann Fenton , Robert Marsden , and George Marsden , of Sheffield , merchants ( so far as regards Ann Fenton)—Herman Julius Marcus and John Naylor , of Leeds , stockbrokers—Thomas Bartle and John Jarvis , of 26 G , Strand , tailors-George Mountain and John Mountain , of Manchester , general warehousemen—Frederick Piggott and Thomas Francis Giles , Of Richmond , Surrey , coal merchants—Caroline Lowe , Emma Lowe , and Frances Oakley , of Ryde , Isle o £ Wight , milliners ( so far as regards Frances Oakley)—Benjamin Squire , Nathan Clough , and Henry Leppingwell , of

      Leeds , painters—Charles Bartlett and Charles C . Pilford _,. of Gloucester , commission merchants—John M'Whan and William Haughton , of Liverpool , tallow chandlers-Charles Binning and WiUiam Hurman , of Bridgewater _^ Somersetshire , linen drapers—Joseph Cox , John F . Cox » and William Cox , of Bampton _, Cumberland , malsters ( sofar as regards William Cox ) —George Beaumont an 4 Alexander Moovhousc Beaumont , of Honley and Huddersfieid , Yorkshire , manufacturers-John Scandrett Harford , Abraham Gray Harford Battersby , Thomas Kington Bayly , John William Miles , and William Miles , of Bristol , bankers ( so far as regards John Scandrett Harford)—Frederick Arnold and Edward Cooper , of 9 , _Budge-row _, City , wholesale perfumers .

      The "Vesezdelas Minster.—"We Regret To,,...

      The _"Vesezdelas Minster . — "We regret to ,, hava to announce the sudden death of M . Fortiquo , the Venezuelan Minister , at his residence in"Wimpoles ' reet , yesterday morning . M . Fortique had lately returned from a diplomatic mission to Sweden , and had complained for some time past of cough and difficulty of breathing , but not . to such an extent as to excite the alarm of his friends . It is , however the opinion of Mr . Ericliden , the deceased ' s medical attendant , that tho immediate cause of _ the fatal result was a neglected cold and inflammation of the lungs . M . Fortique was about 45 yearstof age , unmarried , and much and most deservedly respected by the diplomatic corps in this country .

      Piqua Plant . —The proof of the efficacy and healthful effect of the plant in preference to tea or coffee _t —Let a nervous or dyspepti & patient use two" or threes cups of strong tea upon "retiring- * to rest _^ and the effect will be night-mare , disturbed sleep ; and other violent symptoms of indigestion ;'& c . * _-The _^ proof : — Let tho most debflitate ' d , "dyspeptic , "a _ . thi-i-Ctic , consumptive , and nervous patients use two , three , ou more cups of a very strong infusion of the Piqua Plant , and in the morning they will awake refreshed with their repose . It is highly recommended by physicians to invalids and children , as a most

      invigorating and pleasant beverage . —See advertisement . Holloway ' s Ointment and Pills . — " Take upthy bed and walk . " Mary Rouse , aged 48 , residing at Tooting , had been bed-ridden for the last two years . Three years ago ( at tho turn of of life ) , her legs and other parts of her body swelled most frightfully . This was followed by sores and wounds , covering nearly every part of her person , which rendered her helpless . By purifying the blood by means of theso wonderful pills , and use of the ointment , she was radically cured in four .. weeks . Females ought notto take any other medicine than these purifying pills .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 1, 1845, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_01111845/page/7/