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Northern Star (1837-1852), 31st July 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 5, Banotrattc iSobemems

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      The Fall Of The French Republic. Br Xavi...

      The The 30 th regiment of the line , suspected of comaassACasBAOtiating such fearful sufferings , was relieved b y ide 3 Sie 39 * - This regiment did its duty most zealously . The flfce first night the sentinels fired from the ramparts an thfo the passengers . One of these was wounded , and was tyas taken into the casements . The poor wretch had oo sub submit tp amputation , but he expired the following lilav 3 av amidst atrocious sufferings . "fa "VVe remained nearly three weeks at Ivry . This mnhojnhoped for reprieve had given birth to many illuiionslons . At nine o ' clock oue ni ght , tho guardians came c irt . a Sftth i-ficriment of tbo line . Busoected of com-

      uind ind brutally reclaimed the shirts that had been furnisbnisbed to the most necessitous b y the administration jjf pjf p risons , and gave us in exchange those , still wet , Iheyhey had received to wash . This was our only-notice iif djf departure . We rushed to the loop holes ; courts gaud and p latforms , as far as the eye could reach , were bbrisbristling with bayonets ; horses pawed at the extre-Dtnitjnity ; and from the front , at the entrance of the ffortfort , we could distinguish the noise of cannon wheels . IDirDirectly afterwards , the guardians cried through Eeacbach . loophole : ' Get up I prepare ourselves , you tmnmnst go l *

      T We prepared ourselves almost without saying a iwoword , but we had to wait a long time for the final isi gsi gnal . At length the doors were opened , and all iiheihe prisoners were reunited , heaped upon one point : : fiv five hundred persons , without counting guardians and sol soldiers — five hundred persons , embarrassed with bnbundles and portmanteaus , in one of those casemates wl where there are never put more than sixt y soldiers . There , it was still necessary to wait two mortal hi hours , neither more nor less . ' The greatest confu fusion rei gned in the fort Rosinous torches , carried bj by sergeants-de-viile , going and coming , li g hted up wi with their sinister gleams the profound masses of sahi bres and muskets . The nominal call commenced , ai and it was the moat arrogant at which I have ever ai assisted . The prisoners passed two by two in the

      « -court , and fell upon a group of police agents , whoimn mediately- bound them with rough and cutting cords , o of which the greater part of them could not disengage t themselves before noon next day , when their wrists were benumbed and covered with blood . We were marched along muddy roads filled with c quagmires . Three cellular waggons followed , bringi ing the iovalides . We were surrounded b y two reg ii merits of infantry and a battalion of Chasseurs de Vincennes , three squadrons of Lancers , ^ Republican j guards , and mounted gendarmes protected the flanks i of the column ; behind marched the artillery , read y i at the slightest signal to crush us , if the troops of the ! line had opened and laid us bare to their fire ; in all : nearly four thousand men to escort five hundred unfortunates , already enfeebled b y the carcere duro , and who had been firml y bound !

      No one , either by voice or b y writing , could say his adieus to his famil y or to bis friends ; no one could make any arrangements of his affairs , or for his future . It is known tbat the military authorities were perfectl y instructed ; but there was no belief in a distant voyage ; there still existed a hope of not quitting Paris . We believed ourselves destined , from the movements of the convoy , from the different points of the route itfpursued—sometimes to Sainte-Pelag ie , some , titties to the communal balls of the rue da Cherche Midi or to the Conciergerie , the Councils of War , and sometimes to the Mazas , for solitary and indefinite imprisonment . But we marched on , leaving one after the other , on the right and on the left , the roada which conducted to these prisons . The column

      reached the Place de la Bastile , and entered the interior boulevards . Not a man was on our route , not a li ght in a window . We heard no other noise than the violins of a bourgeoise marriage at the restaurant of the old Cadran-Blen , on the Boulevard da Temp le , and further on at tbo corner of the Rue Lafitte , the burst of laug hter of an aristocratic orgie at tho Mai-Eon-Doree . Dancers and conrtisans showed themselves at the window for an instant ; but they bad no desire to waste their time in seeing defile before them so many unfortunates : they immediatel y recommenced their quadrille or their debauch . At the Boulevard des Capucines , the head of the convoy suddenly turned to the ri ght : onr fate was fixed ; we were on the road to the Havre railway . At half-past three wo were crammed into the waggons , pell-mell with police agents and gendarmes , and we started for Brest .

      In the morning , all Paris recounted the details of this Iugubrous expedition , and the emotion was it is said , very great for some days . Afterwards when these monstrous deportations took p lace , they dared not traverse Paris . The prisoners were compelled , notwithstanding their fatigue , to travel the immense space extending from Ivry to the Rue Amsterdam , passing the town by the exterior boulevards , from the Barriere de Fcntainbleu to the Barriere de Clichy . A telegrap hic despatch had preceded us to to Havre . The commander of the state of siege in that town , Col . Nei gre , had drawn up his troops in line of battle . The colonel and his little eiat-maior , vrere as zealous

      as gendarmes driving back . the curious with brutal words and fierce looks . A prisoner , who afterwards became paral y tic , almost swooned away , and was unable to proceed another step . ' Bring a tilbury for Monsieur , ' cried the absurd and brutal Colonel . Tho town testified onl y a mediocre curiosity ; the Bonapartist journals had basely deceived it on the preceding evening , and even that morning , by all simp ly announcing a departure and embarkation of forgats . The few persons who , from the extremities of the

      jetty , or from the Francois Ier tower , seeing us descend b y hundreds , like herds of beasts , into the depths of tho frigate , turned away with disgust and horror . To them we were only a bagne en route for Cayenne ! At half-past one tho 'Canada * had all her republican cargo stowed away between her decks , in these horrible batteries which history will remember as long as the human heart is capable of feeling sympath y for the victims , and batted for the executioners ! ( To be Continued )

      The 30th Iment Of The Linesuspected Of C...

      j Jons 31 , . 1852 . ^ THE STAR OF FREEDOM . 1 H " ~~~ '"' ' ' «*

      Banotrattc Isobemems

      Banotrattc iSobemems

      7s~ Our Friends Will Oblige By Forwardin...

      7 S ~ Our Friends will oblige by forwarding reports of Chartist meetings , and other Democratic proceedings . DEMOCRATIC REFUGEE COMMITTEE TO THEIR

      FELLOW COUNTRYMEN . It is now nearly three months s nce we first appealed to yau to aid us in rendering assistance to our Democratic brethren at present suffering in exile . It is needless for us to r epeat Use claims these men have upon the sympathy of the Uritish people , especially up > n that of the Democratic portion of it . These claims will be at once recoznsed by evtrv man of generous mind . When we first appealed to yon we had no hop J of being aided by those whose intf-rast it is to maintain the institutions which

      these unfortunate men have laboured to overthrow . We bu'It oar hopes upon the less corrupted , the more generous and noble-minded sobs of toil , whose especial csre it should have been to save their brotherworkers—the fighters of their battles—' rom the horrors of destitution . We hoped that the Democracy of this country were stilt alive to a sense of their own and of their country ' s honour , which would impel them to straggle to procure a main t enance / or their foreign brethren . They have not done so . Whether it be that they have not known , onhat they depended upon the work being done by men bst : er 8 b ! e , in a pecuniary sense , to da it , we cannot tell ; hut certain it is that exertions worthy o ! the noble work we have engaged iu have not been made ; and for want of those exertions we have not been able to accomplish the objects We had iu view .

      On the 9 th of August , the quarter w l ! have expired , ami we shall then divide amongst the different committees of the exiles the funds we may have in our possession . As yet the anvsunt ve have received has been so insignificant hit \ yS have been ashamed to divide it amongst the coratahtets of the nations . We di not believe that all has been done that mb » h » have been arcoir . jfehed . There has not be ? n marie the requisite Exertions either to obtain subscriptions or employment . We trust

      ibat for the lionsur of the country , for the honour of Democracy , these exertions will at once be mad ? . \ a Ja , t Saturday ' s *• Star of Freedom" v . as published a list of Polish Refugees in reset of employment . Thise men are in the greatest misery , and we would implore cur brother Democrats to obtain for them immediate assistance . There are among the Exiles some for whom it would be verv riiffi cult to obtain employment ; but , for workmen , we feel con vmcedit might soon be found , if the prcpsr stens wer ^ taken , and the work conducted with energy and - v

      perseve ranee . r , It is indispensable tbat all subscription sheets with the funds collected , should be sent in to the Central CcnmitteP before the 9 A of August . We ho ; . e ' the friends of JS-rtJ will tally , and endeavour to obtain before that time such aid si will enable nsreall y to ameliorate the condition of the

      7s~ Our Friends Will Oblige By Forwardin...

      Refugees . The local committees should also mske the most strenuous exertions to find the means of self-suppart for the unemployed among the exiles . Si gned on behalf 0 f the Committee , G . Julian Harney , 1 Thornton Hunt , > Secretaries . Jul y 26 , 1852 . Walter Cooper . J Monies received up to July 19 th , £ 20 13 s . ii July 26 th , Rochester , per W . Blackwell :-W . Blackwell , is . 6 d . ; W . BteekwelJ , sen ., Is . ; John Ackfaurst , Is .: J . B .. Is . ; R . Stollery , Is . ; 3 . Galer , Is . ; J . Heirman , Is . ; A Friend . Is . ; H . Binge , Is . ; C . Mason , 6 d . ; W . Bl-k—y , « d . ; J . L ., 6 d . ; G . W . B ., 6 d . ; A Friend , la . ; Paul Goldston , Is . ; A Friend , 6 d . ; Total , 15 s . Dalkeith , per Robert M « Arthur - . —James PorfceousIs ;; John TaitIs . < Refugees . The local pnmmi »» o = a < . t . n .. t ^ » w .. ~ .., v « a .

      , , A Friend , U . ; Robert M'Arthur , Is . 6 d . ; Thomas Aticrum , Is . ; James M'Pherson , 2 d .: David Collier , 6 d . ; William Somervilie , Is . ; A Friend , 63 . ; A Friend , 6 d . ; D . Potter . Is . ; Mrs . Crighton , 3 d . ; A Friend . 3 d . ; A Friend , 3 d . ; W . M . S-, Is . ; J . B .. 6 J . ; Mrs . Tuloch , Gd . ; A Friend , 6 J . ; John Thorburn , 2 d . ; James Lees , 6 d . ; John Latto , 31 . ; A . M > rr , 31 . ; Thomas Morison , 3 d . ; Richard Allen , 6 d . ; James Walker , 31 . ; John Lormer , 2 tt . ; A . Smith , 3 d .- , James Thompson , Is . Gd . ; Henry Miller , 3 d . ; David Miller , 3 d . ; John Campbell , 3 d . ; W . Baxter , 6 d . ; W . Ogilve , 6 d . ; A . Graham , 3 d . ; Joseph Sirriat , < 5 d . ; W . Taylor , Is . ; W . Broidfood , 6 d . ; Mr . Makintosh , 61 . ; A . Monrow , Gd . ; Robert Young , G ' J . ; J . Williamson , 6 J . ; A Friend , Is . ; J . Lamond , la . ; Total , £ 14 s .

      Re-Opening Of The John-Street Institutio...

      RE-OPENING OF THE JOHN-STREET INSTITUTION . A festival , consisting of a tea party and public meeting , was held at the Literary and Scientific Institution , Johnstreat , Fitzroy-square , on Sunday Evening , to celebrate the re-opening of the Institution after the recent repairs . William Devonshire Saul ) , Esq . occupied the chair . After tea the chairman addressed the meeting . He said -. —We are met on an important occasion . That occasion is the re-opening of this Institution , and the subject has been one to bring us together in harmony . We should never forget the lesson we have received here . We should never forget also , that it is our duty to communicate

      those lessons to others . If we do not do so , we will not fulfil our duties as we ought to do . In a short time the lease of tbis Institution will expire . 1 would recommend that another be built in place of this , capable of holding thousands instead of hundreds , and am prepared to devote a portion of my property for such a , purpose—to double the sum I have already subscribed . When we go to the country or mingle with our foreign friends , we find that old systems everywhere are falling ; so that we should prepare to build a new system upon their ruins , and associate together to spread our principles , and to accomplish the great work , of overthrowing ignorance , superstition , and crime .

      Robert Cooper said , he had a sentiment to propose , which , he was sure , would meet with the approbation of the company . It was— " The Institution . May its future be consistent with its past , and may its improved condition be the augur of its increased utility . May our sue cessin this undertaking bo a stimulus to the formation of new ones until ignoranceand its concomitants , auperstition . Vice , and misery , shall only be a matter of history and tradition . " Tho John-street Institution is becoming " as well known as any institution in London . The Moneyocracy have their Guildhall , the Shopocracy have their London Tavern , the Millocracy have their great Free Trade Hall , and tho Cantocracy have their Exeter Hall , while the Democracy have the John-street Institution . There have been many phases in the history of progress , but none greater than the

      present . Even D . sraeli , the champion of things as they have been , can see " something looming in the distance . " At this hour the people have sunk into the deepest apathy . How this anomaly ? The hard blows Democracy has received here and on the continent , have rendered despondent the more superficial reformers , and they , thinking the game lost , have cast themselves into the great scramble of the world . But I have faith in truth , in liberty , and progress . Even Burns could despond and write the melancholy words " Man was made to mourn . " I cannot endorse this statement . I do not believe it ; I believe that liberty and happiness is the future fa to of the peoples here and on the continent . If we look around , we see alt the living creatures of the earth are free and man alone a slave , his rights denounced by black coated impostors , and suppressed

      by red coated butchers . I may be told , I have been told , that our opinions are mere poetry , mere sentimentalism . "We will never live to see such a state of things , or to enjoy itit willjbe so long . " So long , yes , it will be very long if we will think thus ; for it is those who thinkso , selfish cowards , who render it long . That man who would wish to transmit slavery , ought to be himself a slave . No man can neglect the epoch in which he lives without committing a crime—a crime against his predecessors , his contemporaries , and posterity . While the peoples slumber , the enemies of freedom are awake and active , preparing to repress any reaction on the part of the peoples . Your Major Beresfords may say that they despise the " vile rabble , " but it is false ; They do not despise them , they dread them ; and that is a much more honourable position to occupy . The " vile rabble" of 1852 is not that of 1752 . The artisan of to-day is not like

      the artisan of the last century . He is no longer a kingworshiping , priest-paying animal , but a reading , a thinking , and a reforming animal . According to Dr . Dick , » o less than 14 , 000 , 000 of human beings have perished in warswars to prop up the bloodstained despotisms . Yet it is by these despots and their parasites that are raised cries—low vulgar cries of anarchy and bloodshed . It is not blood that the peoples want , it is liberty , fraternity , and happiness But liberty they must have , and if it be obtained with b'oodshed it will not be their faults , but their enemies . Did the French people seek bloodshed , when , in 1818 , they abolished death punishment for political erfmes 1 What a contrast between the conduct of that " vile rabble" and that of those bloodstained despots who dare to raise their gory thrones on the necks of the peoples and shake their bauble sceptres in the face of the world . Mr . Cooper resumed his seat amid enthusiastic applause .

      The meeting was afterwards addressed by Mr . Alexander Campbell , Mr . Turley , Mr . Benney , and Mr . Stallwood , who proposed a vote of tbanks to the Chairman , the previous speakers , and the Apollonical Society , which was unanimously carried . The evening ' s proceedings were enlivened by the performing of several musical pieces by the Apollonical Society The meeting broke up shortly after ten o ' clock .

      Bradf3rd, "Iorksbire.—The Secular Societ...

      Bradf 3 RD , "iorksbire . —The Secular Society , as usual , held its weekly meer ' ng on Strday las » , July 25 , 1852 , at Mitchell ' s Temperance Hotel , Union Street , Mr . Thomas Wilcock , president of the society , in the chair . Mr . George Demaine , the secretary , read the correspondence received during the week ; one from Mr . G . J . Holyoake , relative to the expected discussion with Dr . Ackworth , of this town , whom he had met at N swcastle ; and they had agreed to debate as soon as Mr . flilyoake's health was restored to its ordinary state , the discussion to come off ia Bradford . Other correspondence was read . At seven o ' clock the public was admitted to take part iu the debates of the evening A person from Horton introduced the following question for

      discussion : — " The people are radically unfit for the suffrage ! " A very smart debate followed . The introducer of the question was supported by Mr . W . Hodgson and W . J . Marsden , who urged the necessity of social reform , secular education , co-operation , or association , as the most practical means ot accomplishing the freedom of the people of this country . —Mr . W . Wottom , Mr . J . Lewis , Mr . E . Me ' . ouse , Mr . J . Cooke , Mr . Jenkinson , Mr . R'ley , and Mr . Somers contended tbat political power , or the People's Charier , was the great lever necessary to promote the country ' s weal . Tne meeting then adjourned to Sunday evening next , at seven o ' clock . The question for discussion next Sunday is , " The impossibility of any person believing in a God ss stated in the Bible . " Mr . North , of New Leeds , undertakes

      to substantiate the propssition . The committee met on Monday evening , and arranged for holding a camp m ? eting at Shipley Glenn on Sunday , August 8 , 1852 , at two o ' clock in the af- ' ernoon , when speakers will attend from Bradford , Leeds , Kei g hley , V / ilsden , Qaeen s Head , Heckraonrick . — ConnRsrosDEST , J . Wilcock . ^ Nottingham . —Secular Hall . —Last Sunday Mr . B . 'oim delivered two lectures in Sherwood Forest . One in the morning on Education , to a very-large audience , that

      testified their admiration by considerable applau-. c . In tlie evening , his leciurc was on Universal Suffrage—a Necessity . A large assembly greeted him w ' nh approval . A tea party was held in the " afternoon , to greet Mr . Broom on his arrival in our town . We have engaged him to remain among m . Every Sunday morning be will lecture in the Forest , in the evenings in the Societ )' s Hall , and ia the course of the week in the Market Place . We are organising the town , so tbat Democracy ai , d Frre Thought can be constantly iuculca ' ed among the people . — Correspondent .

      National Loan Society. A Meeti N" Of The...

      NATIONAL LOAN SOCIETY . A meeti n" of the members of the above Society was held at the St . Gcorjre Coffee-house , Barbican on Wednesday evenin « , July 28 th , Mr . Damp -on in the chair , when tho follo wing resolution was unanimously adopted :- " That the Treasurer lc requested to write to Mr . Wheeler , desirin" him to attend the next meeting and produce his books . After the transac i ;> n of other general business the meeting aiiioumcd to Thursday next . August 5 th , when t ! . e attendance ofeverv subscriber in the society is particularly roqueted on business of importance .

      Guide To The Lecture-Room. Ti'ernrv In't...

      GUIDE TO THE LECTURE-ROOM . Ti ' ernrv In'titist ' ion , Jolm-street , Fi . ' zroy-Equiire . August 1 st ^^ S «^^^ O . J . Ho > ake . ' Break-^ Sil ttdS H ? I ^ n . AUg . 1 st ( S 3 , P . IV . Vernu , ' S & Whition , Charles street , OM Garratt , Muncl . ester .-Aug . irtnia . nn Dfccussson , ( 7 p . m . ) nocture . CiS Fo « m C-, k-e House / CD , Redeross-strcet-Brery Sunday , M ° nd a > ' a " 4 HaU * iL § otstrIeTco : nn . ercia [ . road . cast .--Theo . lofSXsiS evSSunday morning ( U ) , Sunday evening l- > , r ^ ? 8 ? T mrW ( 8 ) , and Saturday ( 8 ) . Tuesday W' ^^^ A & psae , Leeds , Aug . 1 st ( 0 J ) , a lecture . Se " s ?? W * «& iB **» t P « ston .-IeCtore every SundljM l » i a . m . -Dlscussionevery Sunday evening .

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      22t Wo Shall Be Glad To Receive Reports ...

      22 T Wo shall be glad to receive Reports of Progresi from Managers or Secretaries of Co-operttive Assoctatvons and Stores , in England , Ireland , Scotland and Wales . THE GREAT CO-OPERATIVE CONFERENCE

      AND LABOUR-PARLIAMENT , HELD IN THE CO-OPERATIVE IIALL CASTLE-STREET EAST , OXFORD-STREET , LONDON MONDAY , Jolt 26 . SOCIETIES REPRESENTED . KAUE 3 , DBLEaATE 3 Norwich Co-operative Society Tims . Hughes , Esq The Bradford Co-operative Stores ... Job Sutcliffe , The Working Printers' Association ,

      London Richard Isham . The Galashiels Provision Store Lloyd Jones . The Working Tailors' Association , Castle-street East , London Walter Cooper Tho Working Tailors' Association , Westminster Ditto . The . Deptford Iron Works William Newton The Working Builders' Association , Pimlico , London Daniel Walford . The Edinburgh Coop-rative SoeietyF . J . Furnivai . The Working Tailors' Association , Liverpool Henry Smith . The Halifax Cooperative Stores Mr . Foreman . The Working Hatters' Association , Manchester James Dyson . The Working Tailors' Association

      , Ditto Ditto . The Old Garratt-road Stores , ditto ... Ditto . The West London Smiths' Associa-_ . 'J , ? William Livesey The Ullesthorpe Stores - ~ Berry , Esq . The Working Shoemakers' Associa- tion , London Mr . Simmons . The North Loudon Co-operative-Stores 'if .. « i .. stores MrsiVi

      , , The North London Builders' Associarou "? . » ' .. . Mr . Pickard . The Pianoforte Makers ' Association ... Mr . Locke . The Portsea Stores Mr . Merriman . Tho City Tailors' Association Mr . Bowen The East London Iron Works Mr . Craig . The London Co-operative Bakery ... Mr . Watson . The Indies' Guild , London Vanshtart Neale , Esq lhe Southampton Tailors' Associa . Ti , n tio " ; , "' ; Mr . Baninster . lue JNeedlcwomens Association , „ . ^> nd <> " > Mr . Hanson . Tho Banhury plush Weavers' Asso-CI : lti ° n 0 . K . Paul . MOBNING SITTING .

      Besides the delegates from the above named places there were present several o f the promoters of Asso ' - ciations , l t nown as the London Promoters of Working Men ' s Associations ; ' to whose eiforts the present flourishing and health y condition of the Co-operative movement may be ascribed ; several other gentlemen also were eager listeners . Mr . Henky Smith , the delegate from Liverpool , having been appointed to tho chair , the credentials o f the various delegates were read and accepted . The chairman said they were called together to consider the questions which had been sent to each society by circular—these questions were printed in a late num . ber of the ' Star of Freedom '—and they would also

      like to hear the delegates report on the present position of the respective societies to which they belonged . Previous to their doing so , numerous letters wero read ^ from various Co-operative Societies , both productive and distributive , stating their inability to send delegates to this Conference , for various reasons urged . Some of these contained favourable reports of their condition , with expressions of kind wishes to the Conference , and a desire , on their part , to co-operate with the Conference iu any acta it mi ght deem essential to the associative movement . Letters were received from Banbury , Lees , Yeadon , Padiham , Co-operative Store , Liverpool , Coventry , Rickmanswoith , Crewe , Norwich , Tong fold , Cray ford , and

      other cities and towns both in England and Scotland . J . M . Ludlow , Esq ., on the part of the " Council of Promoters , " or the Committee which convened the Conference , explained wh y it was considered necessary to call such a bod y into existence . It was at a time , and for a subject of most vital import to the interests of Cooperation in this country . It was a great fact in the History of England , that this Associated Labour Movement was now recognised by the government , and it was most desirable to take advantage of the law which had been made in their favour , to further tho interests of association , and to establish Co-operation as the governing princi p le of society instead of competition . It was likewise necessary for this Lnbour-Parliament to devise some means for tho various associations to act in concert , and not come into the market with their goods as antagonists . Competition among the co-operators was to be apprehended , and would be

      a far more terrible evil than it is in existing society . Mr . Hughes—delegate from Norwich—gave a favourable report of tho Society which he represented . Mr . Foreman , from Halifax , reported that their Store numbered 200 members , was established in September , 1850 , began by doing business to the amount of £ 10 per week , and were now doing £ G 0 or £ 70 . The opposition of Ernest Jones to Cooperation in Halifax , instead of hindering the progress of the princi p le , as some had predicted , had g iven an immense impetus to the movement . The discussion between him and Doyd Jones had calJed much more attention to the subject , had increased their numbers , and they were now going on swimmingly . He appreciated the new law called the « Industrial and Provident Societies' Act . ' Have done business with all tho Associations it was possible to deal with , and spend aunually some £ 050 with the Central Agency in Charlotte-street , London .

      Mr . Sutcliffe—delegate from Bradford—said , the members of their Society had been so busy they had not had time to furnish him with any specific report . They were doing admirabl y , have 100 members , and have a weekly business of about £ 50 . Thoy feel greatly tho want of a Northern Central Agency in Lverpool or otherwhere , for the purchase of Irish and Continental produce , as tho Central Agency in London is the depot for the purchase of Colonial produce . This want was expressed by all the other delegates from Yorkshire and Lancashire . Mr . Hmuvy . Sawn—delegate from Liverpool—said , the Tailors had a Co-operative Society , Institute , and Burial Club . They commenced through the exposure of the Sweating System contained in the letters of Alexander Maokay of the " Morning Chronicle . " They began with a 10 s . subscription , and a few members , which have

      augmented to fifty . They had but £ 3 or £ i to commence with , and have gone on gradually . Have much more business than they can find capital for . Have done business to the amount of £ 180 in three months . Have had hard work , but no quarrels . This would seem , from the report of its delegate , to be one of the best Co-operative Organisations in England . They have registered as many as 1 , 700 members to their Institute , though a great many have left through emigration and other causes . It ia al"o a house of call , and they know at any time what surplus labour there is in the Tailoring trade ; and , with some assistance , could become the masters of the labour market in that town , and have already in some instances been instrumental in compelling the slop-sellers to pay their workers higher prices . There is no place in England where Co-operation is more needed or could he applied to a better purjose thau in Liverpool .

      Mr . SLt said , the Aorth London Co-operative Store was but small and young . They had commenced in March and were enrolled . They had thirty members and were doing a weekly business of £ G . Share £ 1 . Their prospects were excellent . Mr . D . Walford said , the Pimlico Working Builders ' Association arose out of what was called the Four o ' Clock Movement . It had gone on increasing since the commencement . Through the kindness of Vansittart Neale , Esq ., — the gentleman to whom the London Associations are so

      largely indebted for capital—they have been enabled to do business on an extensive scale , and execute contracts to a largeextent . They have paid £ 2 , 569 thisyear in allowances to t he workmen . Hare built upwards of twenty houses , and have a stock worth £ 4 , 700 . Employ between thirty and forty men , and often pay £ G 0 or £ 70 weekly in allowances . They nave a thousand pounds' worth of work on hand . They have also built a People's Institute . Mr . Walford spoke highly of the new act , also of the failing of working men in suspecting each other .

      Mr . Lloyd Joses said , the Galashiels Store which he represented was the first in Scotland which was started on the principle of Equity , that is , the members and noiimembers both sharing " the profits , which idea originated with William Snidcrson , an excellent working man , whom he knevr well . Has been in cx stenco seven or eight years . Has six shops , three grocers , a butchers , baker ' s , and com chandler . * . Hone business to the amount of £ 12 , 000 . Has a sinking fund ou proliis . Does the principal part of its I » rocery " business with the Central Agency , London . Mr .

      Jones further stated the principle ol Equity was working with go od effects . Mr . Furniiml stated that the Edinburgh Co-operatiro Society was also working on the principle of Equity . It was started in 1 S 50 . It is also baccd on tho principle of Equality , and permits but one share and vote to its members . Is doing £ 15 weekly , and has thirty members . Has lost a great many members through emigration . Is favourable to Enrolment under the New Act . Deals with the Central Agency . Feels the want of a Central Executive to give unity aud farce to the Co-operative Movement .

      22t Wo Shall Be Glad To Receive Reports ...

      Mr . Lockb ( Manager and Delegate of the London Piann forte Makers ) said , they had been getting worso off e « since they began . They had been deceived by a oreviou « master with regard to prices , and found they had been working and selling their goods below tho cost Their great want is to get into direct communication with indi vidual customer . " , instead of being compelled to sell to the wholesale purchasers who get cent , per cent , profit on thpir sales . Thinks that with the assistance of Vansittart Neale Esq ., who has largely aided them , thoy may get on and ultimately triumph over all obstacles ; they aro determined to do so .

      Mr . Dtson—the delegate from Manchesler—renorted that tho Hatters' Association in that place sprauz out of tho lectures delivered therein 1850 , by Waltc r ' Cooper and Lloyd Jones . Walter Cooper gave them the first order and since then they have had more work than they could do , their capital being very limited . They hayo twelve members , and have subscribed £ 57 10 s . themselves . Have been admirably supported by the various Associations and done business with most of them . Some of their members have subscribed as much as 5 s . weekly out of their earnings , to meet the want of Capital . From Februarv to June , this year , they bare done £ 438 . Have a shop in common with the Working Tailors , who have thirtv-oii » hf

      members and fourteen employed , and who , from March to July , tbis year , did £ 217 19 a . 9 d . business . The Tailors also subscribed their own Capital . Agree admirably in their mutual shop . Are mostly members of the Store in the Old Garrat-road , which numbers 150 , and deals with the Central Agency . The Rev . C . K . Paul , a young , fine-hearted , and nohlenatured clergyman , who had , for the occasion , constituted himself town-traveller to tho Banbury Plush Weaversbringing with him show cards of patterns , and being open to take orders—gave a sketch of that Society and its prospects , and entreated all Co-operators to make its existence known , and give it all the support possible .

      Mr . Livesey said , the Working Smiths had but just commenced , and he had little to say , save that they were sanguine of success . Mr . Simmons—London Shoemakers—reported that his Association bad been rather unfortunate , but was recovering itself , and now doing pretty well . They had seventeen men at work and seven women , and paid £ 25 in weekl y allowances . Mr . Isham—Working Printers-reported tbat they were doing from £ 600 to £ 700 per year . Have six associates , and sometimes as many as twelve at work . Are working with borrowed Capital , which they pay interest for . Slow but sure .

      Mr . Wm . Kewton—Deptford Iron Works—reported that this Association had been at work ten months . It started through a case of cruelty to a working man who had invented a machine . Some working men co-operated to assist the inventor to work the machine for themselves , instead of permitting the Capitalist to take it out of their hands , and using it as an instrument to crush Labour with . They have sixty shareholders at £ 5 each , with Is . instalments . They were impeded considerably by tho Strike in the Iron Trades , but were going on favourably . They have a Factory which was built by the Working Builders * Association , Pimlico . It requires a vast outlay of capital to begin Co-operation in the Engineers' Trade , as their tools are so expensive , and their productions requiring immense outlay of money before there is any return , but he thought they would organise victory . °

      Mr . PiCKARD—North London Builders—said they bc « nn early in 1850 , and broke up the first time throu gh internal dissensions , and not from want of support , as they divided very large profits when they separated . Five of the old members commenced a new association in 1851 , since which time thoy have done between . £ 4 , 000 and . £ 5 , 000 . The capital was furnished by Vansittart Neale , Esq . The members also subscribe a portion of their earnings , employ from twenty to thirty men , and have a property worth £ 800 . The members desire to be legalized as provided for by the late act . Mr . Bowen—City Tailors—reported , that they had commenced once and failed from want of support . On commencing the second time they bid fair to do much better . Are endeavouring toorganizoa working-man ' s clothes club . Number twenty-five membets .

      Mr . Mebuimah—Povtsea Co-operative Store—said they were doing well . The members , who are mostly employed in the dockyard , have been annoyed by the government officials . They deal with the Central Agency , and are contemplating a society for producing on their own account . _ Mr . Hanson , on the part of the Needle Women ' s Association , stated that it had commenced in March 1851 , and has done work to the amount of £ 1 , 500 * . Have employed 131 persons . Number 362 customers , and have been instrumental in benefiting the health and condition of many needle women ;

      Mr . Craig— East London Iron Works—reported that their Association commenced with the assistance of Vansittart TSeale , Esq ., who lent them £ 400 . Mr . Newton has been of great assistance to them . Mr . Mustoe is manager . Considers tho great desideratum in association is a good manager , which they have got . Tiiey have from forty to fifty subscribers , and ara working under tho usual rate of wages , on purpose to give the principle every' assistance . The Working Builders built their Stack . They have a nett profit of a Thousand Pounds . Mr . Watson—London Co-operative Bakery—said , they especially appreciated the benefit of being legalized , as they had been defrauded by men emploved . They were doing a business of , £ 1 , 000 a year . Mr . BERKV-TJllesthorpe Store — stated , that he had carried on the store on his own account for some time , until £ 50 had been subscribed by the working men , sinco which time it has been carried on by them . " They have fifteen subscribers , and do a weekly business of £ 15 . Thoy are contemplating the formation of a Stocking Weaver ' s

      Association . Walter Coof-eh—Bath Association of Working Tailorssaid , the Castle-street Association began in February 1850 , with £ 350 of borrowed capital ; thev have succeeded bevond even his sanguine expectations . Havedonoa business of £ 9 , 000 or £ 10 , 000 . They have paid back a portion of the capital . They have had storms within and without ; but they had weathered them through , and reaped much better than they had sewn . Tho Association in tho Westminsterroad , had been started to supply working men with low priced goods , and to organise the Slop-workers , so that they might compete with the Slop-sellers , which they wero doing , at the same time paying the workers two-thirds more for their work than is paid by the Sweating Sloptyrants . Are doing about £ 70 per week , and aro well supported by the members of tho London Associations . Both Associations have eighteen men at work .

      AFTERNOON SITTING . Llotd Jones gave a general and interesting verbal report of tho state of Co-operation in Scotland , through a great portion of which he has lately travelled on a tour . It was favourable and cheering . The first question for consideration was— " As to the propriety of all Co-openitivo Associations enrolling themselves under the new act " being brought under notice . T . Hughes , Esq . proposed and Mr . Merriman seconded" That it is desirable that all Associations be enrolled under the act of 15 and 16 Vic , cap . 31 , for equalising the formation of Industrial and Provident Societies . " Mr . Hughes explained tho act and its workings concisely and luminously , and pointed out the benefits which Co-operation would derive from it . Messrs . Merriman and Walford supported the views of Mr . Hughes , and spoke of the great desirability of the law for legalising Associations .

      J . M . Lvdiow , Esq . called the attention of the Conference to the advantage of this act to the Co-oporative Stores , and its superiority to the old Friendly Societies' Act , in the borrowing of Capital . After some further remarks from various speakers , the resolution was carried unanimously . The Conference ordered a statement to bo made by tho Society , and sent to the various Co-operative bodies throughout the kingdom , pointing out the advantages ^ the new act . The second question for consideration was : — "As to the extent to which it is desirable that Co operative Associations for similar objects should adopt rules formed oh tho same model . "

      Mr . Lloyd Jones said , it was necessary to have unity of action in the movement , and to attain this he would move the second resolution : — " That it is desirable that Cooperative Societies formed for the same or similar objects , should adopt rules formed on the same model , and that model rules in acdordance with the said act be prepared and enrolled for the guidance of all Co-operative Stores and Associations who may wish to avoid themselves of the provisions of the said act . Seconded by Mr . Foreman , and carried unanimouslv .

      The third question , "Whether it should not be a rule for nil Co-operative Establishments to sell all articles exactly for what they are , " induced some discussion , and excited some merriment , the question seeming to hinge upon the coffers of that Howard of modern philanthropy , and public benefactor , John Cassel , aud what they should bis sold for ? Job Sutclitfo said , when people said to him why is this cloth , which appears thicker and better , cheaper than th s which is thinner and feeh poorer ; he honestly told them that the one was made of devil ' s-dust , and the other of fine wool .

      Aftersomo further talk the third resolution— " That this Conference entreats all Co-operative Establishments , for the sake of the general good , to sell articles exactly for what they know them to be and to abstain as much as possible from tho sale of all artices publicly proven to be adulterated , even if demanded by their customers "—was drawn up by the ltev . Charles Kingslfy . Proposed hy Mr . J . Sutcliffe , seconded by T . Hcoheb , E-q ., and carried unanimousl y . The next question— " Whether any and what steps can be advantageously taken for the establishment or extension of institutions for the purpose of giving unity and force to the Co-operative Movement "—being entertaine d by tho Conference ,

      Mr . Merriman said ho thought it was necessary to establish some kind of Central Federative Union or Cooperative Executiva to give the necessary force ami unity which tho Movement demanded , and as the promote rs of the London Associations had shown such o .-. pai'ity and honesty of purpose , he thought it could be left to them , as it could not ho placed in better hands . He should move that a Sub-Committee he appointed to draw up a p lan . J . M . Ludlow , Esq ., had received a letter from John Bates , of Bury , containing an admirable suggestion , and one well worthy of the attention of the Conference . He read portions of the letter , in which the writer recommen ded a Co-operative Friendly Society , somewhat similar to the Odd Fellows ' , which idea Mr . Ludlow endorsed and urged upon the Conference . Mr . Merriman said , that it did not fulfil the idea he had

      22t Wo Shall Be Glad To Receive Reports ...

      of the institution which was necessary , it was not a Friendly Society they wanted . He aeain urged tho necessity 0 f a Central Co-operative Federal Union . ftov . Chas . Kingslkv said , he was af opinion that a Cooperative Friendly Society was just the thing—it was the root idea of all Co-operation . Mr , L . Jones strongly supported the same . Mr . Huoiies said , he had been so impressed with the letter of John Bates that he should move ) resolution a : — "That this Conference strongly recommends the immediate formation of a Co-operative Friendly Society or Union , of which there shall bo branches throughout the United Kingdom , to embrace the usual purposes of the Benefit Societies . " Mr . Fore man urged the fact that a great many of the present Co-operators were already members of Benefit Societies , which would militate against the success of such a scheme .

      Mr . Hughes said , they were working for the future more than the present—for tho next generation moro than this—and if they were to be deterred for sucli reasons they might never begin to link the Co-operative together . Mr . Cbaiq was opposed to it being a Society for relief to those who were out of work . Ho thought the time had gone by when they should offer a premium to idleness . He thought tho endeavours of such a Society should be directed to find its unemployed members reproductive labour , and not keep them as paupers . Mr . Livesey stated , that with the Society to which he belonged they had had two rates of assistance for the unemployed members , and they always had a groat many more out of work when the relief was 10 s . weekly , than when it was 8 s .

      Mr . Nbwtom replied warmly , and nobly vindicated tho character of those working men ho knew , from what ho considered an aspersion . During the late Strike in tlie Iron Trade be had known men to work for half-price , and , indeed , without any remuneration for their labour , rather than walk tho streets idle . Tho resolution was carried unanimously . Mr . Merriman moved : — "That tho Conference should adjourn till Tuesday morning at nine o ' clock . " Carried . The Conference then sepnrated for THE FESTIVAL .

      It has long been the intention of the Working Tailors to celebrate their success in Association , upon a scale worthy ol the subject of congratulation , but hitherto they have been prevented , chiefly through the want of a Hall to hold it in . They made one attempt in the St . Martin ' s Hall , which was most miserable—most melancholy—and which determined tbem to attempt no other until they could take it into their own hands , and rejoice in a Co-operative Hall . Through the kindness of the London Promoters the Associations have noff a Hall of their own , capable of seating from four to five hundred persons , well built , ventilated , and lighted . And on this , the occasion of its opening , and the realisation of the concentrated spirit of numerous uncelebrated anniversaries—it was a splendid social gathering .

      luore wero clergymen and members of parliament , men of fortune and working men , French Refugees , and Literary Celebrities—all mingling together and exchanging fraternal greetings oa the ground of their common Humanity . And as Walter Cooper remarked , one could not tell which was the working man and which was not , tho appearance was so equable , and the feeling so fraternal . Dame Nature gave the assembly a sweet sprinkling of graco and beauty in a pretty portion of her fairer creation , and altogether it was a . sight to do one ' s eyes good , and make one ' s heart happy . Not the least interesting feature was to be found in a capital tea—provided and served up hy associates in admirable profusion . We should imagine that between 500 and GOO persons partook of tea .

      After th i tables had been cleared , and the Hall well filled with friends , the IL'v . F . D . Maurice was chosen to fill the chair . Numerous letters of gratulation and apology had been received , but the audience wero only too eager to hear those who wero present , they determining not to ho bored with tho communications of those who were not , so they were not read . 'the Rev . F . D . Maurice , in opening the proceedings s-iid : We were come together on the common ground , and wiih the feeling that we were sons of the sime father , and brothers in the same human family . There were two reasons why we had not met earlier ; the one was , because the Builders had not finished the Hall earlier ; the other was , because they wished the hurry and bother of tho Elections to be over . The Elections with their froth and foam , toil

      and turmoil wero now over , and after what lnd been spouted at the Hustings , it was pleasant to meet together , to go deeper , draw nearer , and to learn something better . As a result of the Elections which more immediately concerns us , we have some friends returned to Parliament which is a subject for congratulation ; there were also other of our friends who have not been returned . With regard to the success of the Co-operative Movement , we have met with some failures , as who have not ? but , we still work on and believe in our cause . He thought the Report of the Society was rather too hard upon them : He saw more matter for rejoicing than , perhaps , the writer did . It was their duty to state all errors and failures fearlessly , ao that they might be seen and made the stepping-stones to future success . But , let us not forget that success was not according to our efforts alonethere was something higher than that ! We were met

      , lo-night to celebrate a success in the Act for legalising the Association . De was not surrounded by the members of the late government and House of Commons , of which he was very glad , or he should say—This was their only Act for which they would be gratefully remembered . 1 his was a subject of congratulation as much for those who were not present as for those who were ; as much for those Members of Parliament as for the Working A * en . This Act is a sign that they are learning their position with regard to the Labour question , and dare not longer inflict such crying evil on the Working Man . Thoy were , in fact , beginning to recognize that all men wero brothers . But we must not trust to the Act alone for future success . 1 know how easy and yet how bard it is for men in my position , surrounded with " the comforts of life , to 'calk to you , lhe Working Men , of self-sacrifice , whose lives arc a continued sacrifice , and

      yet it is so necessary , so very essential , 1 seo men of the Upper classes dailyhecor aing mere animals for the lack of this glorious principle . It is pleasant for rr . e to meet you in this hall . After many endeavours to find « place elsewhere , we have been compelled to come here at last , to the place where the first start was nude , and the banner of Co-operative Association was unfurled . To the place where Work was first really commenced . I see a sign in this of divine significance We were intended to work , and I have no business to be talking only for the sake of work . It teaches us that we should be working men or nothing . Notthat I believe this Co-operative Movement was meant for toil and nothing else . This Hall should give them a place for Education , and afford substitutes for the abominable trash which is offered to the Working Classes of this Metropolis . We arc not such

      bigots as some persons suppose us to be , wc do not want men to work , with nothing else than work : we want them toenjoy themselves with rational recreation . I should have felt that I had no place in the movement if I did not . believe it to have the highest of purposes in man ' s enfranchisement . I believe this Co-operation to be bound up with the whole interests and future of Humanity , and that it is the sacred duty of all to assist its progress ; The workers in Co-operation are carrying on a strife with the greatest evils which afflict Humanity , and one that will require the help of all . —Great cheering- Mr . Maurice intimated that he was compelled reluctantly to leave the meeting . He was requested to bear the following Address read , with which was presented a handsome silver Inkstand and golden Pen holder , value thirty-one guineas , as an offering of esteem and affection from the Members of the London Associations .

      TO THE REV . FREDERICK MAURICE DENNISON . PRESIDENT OF THE SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING WOKKING MENS' AS

      SOCIATIONS . Rev . and Respected Sib , We , the Members of the Working Mens' Association , beg to express ourgrateful sense of the important service . ? which you have rendered in our behalf , in stepping out from tlie class to winch you belong , and going beyond tlie performance of mere routine professional duties , mixing freely with working men , without regard to their differences of opinion , treating tliem ai brethren , children of Hid same common Father , presiding over their Conferences , instructing them by your extensive information , sound judgment , and trua Catholicity offeeViiig , and in their exertion ;! to i uprovc their temporal condition by means of Association , aiding them by your influence , help , and guidance , at all times pointing out tlie moral principles of action by which alone such societies can become

      successful . We are fully aware tbat in doing so you have been subjected to much misrepresentation , reproach , and obloquy , from which even your high personal worth uud the eminent services you have rendered to the church , of which you ore so distinguished a member i . nd no bright an ornament , could not altogether protect von . We trust , however , < hat it may be some satisfaction for you to know , that thosefor whom you have thus devotedly laboured are not insensible t » your noble and generous exertions j that they nppreciate the Christian dutie < an 1 graces developed in jour life and conduct , and hope that you will receive the expression of respect and gratitude which they now offer with fervent prayers fur your long continued health and happiness . Signed , on behalf o ! the Association this 26 th day of July , 1 S 52 , Walter Cooper .

      TII 03 IAS SlIORTEB . Joseph Pickabd . RiciiAiiD Isham . . Barnabas Jennings . John Locke . John Simmons . John Mustoe . The Rev . Pbksidknt was much affected at so unexpected a testimonial . The tones of voice in which ho replied , told more than words what he fel \ At this stage of the proceedings our pencil being done up , and there being no means provided for writing , wc were unable to go on with our report , being wedged in the centre of a crowd which had not much respect for the Pkkss . Wo must , therefore , write from memory . The ltev . Mr . Hashed having been elected to the chair , Mr . Llotd Joxts pvoposed the first sentiment as follows : " Association in trade and industrj— May those who aro engaged in practically carrying out this principle , be

      actuated in their endeavours by a brotherly and christian spirit , seeking not only the improvement of their own condition , hut , the moral and social elevation of all who aro dependent upon labour for their support . " The speaker said ho appreciated to the full the nobler field of co-operation to work in , and the efforts to unite the interests of capital awl labour , hut , there was much beyond that . Co-operation was but afmeana or machinery , with which they might devtlope the principle of fraternity and form a bond ofbrotherhoodt Tbo sp-alter spoke hopefully of the spread of co-operation throughout England and Scotland—more especially in the form of storea—but it wanted a concerted action . Co operation wanted gathering up and a bond . 06 unity . Mr . Jones explained the immense superiority of co-operation over competition , and said he was quite sure that if the working classes took up co-operation in atrua spirit , and in the light of a higher knowledge , they bad in their bands a power by which they could work ou 5 their entire enfranchisement .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 31, 1852, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_31071852/page/5/