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Northern Star (1837-1852), 26th December 1846, Edition 2 of 3, Page 6, ^va Sca* #o&€iuent*& -

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      . -- " -- " - ¦" - " - ' ¦;>¦¦ "" ^ , . ' -..-.- ,.. '¦ - ' 6 _____ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ - ' THE NORTHERN STAR . December 26 ..- ' ifim

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      To Tub Iron Trades Of Britain. We, Tlie ...

      TO TUB IRON TRADES OF BRITAIN . We , tlie workmen belonging to the various iron trades Of'K-i Jilcv . comprising the mechanics , inoulde . s , smitlif , naiimakers , and others , together with tbe joiners , beg Irava to announce througt the iLolium of the Star , that we ! iave * eutored tlie National Association of United Tr .-ul .-s , and most earnestly request our brethren of tbe same trades to follow our example . Past experience mast convince y . u that the increase of capital in the liaath of employers makes sicti mal attempts tor tbe protecii-n of labour looser and more difficult . Oar imprcssi » uis . that no trade , however stroiiir , is capable of v . itli stiiu-Jhig ilia attacks of its eiiiploj ers , unless untk-r the snost . favourable circumstances , and that tlie only way to meet this difficulty , is to increase our poser by an union ot traiies . Here tlitn we have the National Union foMiie-i a ^ iil re : v < y for this noble purpose , presenting to you the means or a protective powerwhich all th * capitalists in

      , the l « njr «! o : n combined , could not withstand . Tilt ? difficulty ot uuilias labour has long becii lanK-nted , and surdvnnw whsn we have the means placed within our rtac'I at such a small price , and un « er the management of such able conductors , bo thinking man will hesitate a moment m ^ oiniiig the army of unite 1 labour . Inmaking tiiis slier ; appal , wcbeg . to return our u . ost sincere th .-iiks to tlie editors of the Northern Star newspaper , fur thii ' r honourable conduct iu devoting so much space iu xlicir raiuable journal for the insertion of the trades proceedings , and we trust that every working man in the Idnad . sm will patronize that japer as the honest and unilinahifg advocate of the working man under all dreams ' inc : S , Hoping therefore that the iron trades of Britain v . ill ij-Buioai-si the first to fit the exampl « to the men of ali oilier tiades , by the proffer of friendship aud mutual protection , believe us to remain .

      Your most truly , The Iron Trades of Keighly . Jons Ghees , Chairman , Joseph Rrsss , Secretary . Conimittse Room , "Wtirkinj ; Man ' sIMLKeighley . Dtceaiber 15 , 18 JC . THE OPEttATIYE BAKERS .

      To The Editos Of The Noetheeif Stab. Sir...

      TO THE EDITOS OF THE NOETHEEIf STAB . Sir ., —As it has been the ambition of philanthropists in ail sig-.-s of tlie world , to arouse themselves to an effort Siain-t every species of slavery that keep in bondage their fi-ilow crtatures , and render tltt-ra more degraded than the brute creation , —I ioii ' ot not bat that you will give this b .-tu-r a place iu the Nortltern Star , siuce it is iiiim-k-d to advocate the claims of common humanity , and . a some measure at least to excite in the mind ol tl : e public an eiK-r ^ tticfeeling of sympathy on behalf of a « : o =. t j-por ^ sse . ; body of men with whom I am iinmeuiatviy identified—1 allude to the journeymen bakers , n diss of men shu" ; out from mental and religious ad--raat ^ es who clai m the sympathy of every noble-minded Britnii , Twenty millions of oar money feas been nobly cxneudea to emancipate the poor African stave ; but the

      emancipation of the poor wlsitc slave has scarcely been thought of , whose case has lung been looked upon by themselves as hopeless . The nature of tbeir business , the uaHuiited numbtr of hours of hard toil , together with niglit-wurlc , not Mily deprive them of mental and moral improvement , but hurries its victims into a premature inuve . Thus it may be said of them , like brutes they live—like brutes . they are compelled to die . That jusrnryuien bakers are more oppressed than any otfctr bo : iy of men is too generally known , and conscious of Their degraded condition , they are now making an effort in or ^ er to excite iu the breasts of the humane a feeling of sympathy and co-operatioa , whereby they may be ensued tffcctaaUy to agitate for the adoption of certain measures by legislative enactment ; which will iroliibit nfrht-wcrk , aHd prevent the master exactingfrom the

      journeyman more than from ten to twelve hours per day . Should it be argued by any one that night-work cannot be dispensed with , I reply , then , Ut those journeymen tBkenight-wcrkthatpreArit , and let them be remunerated accordingly , that whether we work at night or in the iiay , let us only be expected to give twelve hours of toil for a das '* work , and not from eighteen to twenty and t . fo-and-twenty , as is now the case . It is an irrefutable-fact that fifty years ago , two men and a boy were employed iu making up fourteen sacks of flour into Bread ; bnt now master bakers , iu many instances , espictfjriy sacks to be made up in the same time . Not loag ago the waiter filled a situation as foreman in 4 country business , and even there the hours of toil were from eighteen to twenty-two per day , and the wages received }> y the second hands were only from 3 s . to i & . pi-r week with bread aud lodging . This is only one of uumercos instances which I could name , to show

      thatiourney-Bicn bakers , as a body of men , are used infinitely worse than the brute . In several instances , I have known J ! 'U 7 Ui-ym--n drop down while at their work in a state of € « iiau > ii-jii . It was lint the other day 1 asked a foreman tinker Ihing in London , how many hours of sleep liu situation afforded him , taking tlie week through , he replied , that it only amounted io about twenty . four . I iuiew also a case sometime ago of a mere appalling description . It was that of a jiurntyman who had not takt-n his clothes of to lay himself down to rest for a whole week , brcause he had not had time to do so . 1 hsve frequently heard it remarked by master bakers , how difficult it is to meet witha journeyman baker who is not scu ; ct . ? d to the . use of intoxicating liquors . This , indeed , is Too truf , but are they not in some measure to be ezcuse-d froai Uauie , iir . ee the majority of them could not with their natural fc hyucal strength perform tlie amount of Work put upon them without resorting to the use of

      artificial £ U auiants . Ministers of Religion I this is a question that claims your co-operation . How many journeymen bakers do yua sre ou the Sabbath-day at your churches and chapels % are not the majority of them on the Sabbath lounging ai * out at their homes , with ail tbe noble powers OS' tiieir nature completely exhausted , as the result of the past week ' s ineessaat hard toil . Then use year influence in order to effect the amelioration of the condition of a Cody of ni-n who , from a consideration of their oppresdou sad moral digaiy , claim , the sympathy of all . I am , Sir , y-aurs truly , Hesbx Flood . WHITE SLAVERY .

      Labour In New York. Its Cjsccjwtasces. C...

      LABOUR IN NEW YORK . ITS CJSCCJWTASCES . CONDITIONS , AMD BEWAXBS ( From the New York Tiibune . )

      No . II . —STRAW-BINDEUS , ARTiPICIAL-PLOWER MAKERS , & e . The Amazon-braid Weavers , a large and ill-paid class Of working females , being at work at seven o ' clock in the xnornir . g and continue until f even in the evening , with no intermission save to swallow a nasty mors ; -l . They earn , wiwnia full employment two dollars and two dollars fifty cents per week . Out of tbis they must paj their board , washing , ( for they have no time to wash their ova clothes , ) medical and otU-. r incidental expais *? , aud porchasetheir clothes--to say nothing of the total absence of all healthy n creation and of all mental and moral culture , which such si condition ntcessarilj implies . They have , many of them , no rooms of their own , but board with some pojr family , sleeping anyhow ! : ud anywhere . For these accommodations they pay ' Ka dbliaf fifty ctiits , per week—some of the worst and £ Uiii : st boar-hug-houses , however , charging as low as vr . c dollar p r week . The "living" here must be imagined . -

      The Arlititial - flower makers present a greater V" . ric ' . y . The trade , as will readily be perceived , is on * l-iqairinggreaiskiilanddelecacy in the finishing part of th- uoik . Girls who have set ved five years' apprentiecy . r . 3 at the business and are very expert , if they work ousnnfly can make three dollars fifty cents per < veck . T-: e iliiwers and tvroaths which , under the name of •¦ t rriicii Flower-work , " ^ eil > o dear and are so highly valued t > 3 our fashionable laities , are mostly made h < ri , alih . i-. ish many of the materials aivs imported from F : j :: ck- The principal part of the work is done by von : ! a "rirls from eleven to thirteen years of age , the ap :. r 4-niiccs , " as they are termed , who receive seventjfir ^ - c-iatc , audafe « one dollar per week ! They , of course-, live with their parents , for the most part , and

      have si-.. : i . ac to go to scho . 1 , to grow or to think . These " appreutjoee , " as soon as they are out of their time , are told that ihere is no more work for thein , and their places aresupplied by fresh recruits who are taken and paid , of course , as apprentices . Every few days you may notice in the papers an advertisement something like this" Wanted Fifty jonng girls as apprentices to-the Artificial-flower Making business . '' These pretend that a snmber of girls have become journey women , and are consequently to be pushed out of work to make room for apprentices , ; who will receive but seventy-five cents or one dollar per week . Man ; a five-dollar wreath and expensive flower purchased of the Misses Lawsons , lladame Denel . or Madame Ctodefroy , has been wrought into beauty by these little fingers , for , perhaps , two shillings , or half a dollar ! cirrled

      The Artiuciat-aowerbusinessi » extensively on here , and the product is deemed quite equal in finish and grace tothe best Parisian or Carman flower * . We believe , from the most reliable data in our possession , that tliert are fifteen hundred or two thousands girls engaged in this department of labour in Naw York . _ : Agrrat many women who make match-boxes receive hutjitic percent , per grots -or thirty boxes for a single cent ! We know a mother of a family who supported h « r little children by this kind of work , who used to walk two miles to a starch factory to obtain the ' refuse for pasting the boxes—for which she paid' a penny a pail . When she could succeed in procuring this she said she could make a littlepnyfc , bat when she had to buy flour to make the paste with—lien , she said , it was a losing business ! Her little children thought so too .

      Wc hare already mentumed the Cap Makers , of which , we suppose , there are between one and two thousand . They earn ou the average about two shillings per day , although there are many who do not make more than eighteen p = nee . They are thrust into a dark back room oaaseend , third , fourth or fifth story chamber , thirty or forty together , and work from sunrise to sundown . There is too ofteu not a human being in the world who has tha slightest care or responsibility over the morals , manners or coaifortsof these nnfortunate girls . If many of ticm become degraded and brutaiiiel in taste , manjier > , habits and conversation , who can wonder ! These facts and remarks apply with equal force to the

      Labour In New York. Its Cjsccjwtasces. C...

      •——¦— - — ^^^ * " hundreds and thousands of Shoe-bliidirs , Type-rubbers , : " otiier girls employed on labor of this kin " l . 'In addition to the constant supply to the ranks ; of . these classes furnished by tlie poor population of our city , poor girls continually flock to the city from every ,: ; part of the country , eilht-r because their friends are dead and they have no home , or because they have certain . vague dreams of the charms of city life . Arriving ; here , they soon rind hotv bitfcrlv thi'y have deceived themselves , and how rashly they " have entered a . condition where it is almost impossible for them to subsist , and where want and starvation are their -niy companions . They have . been educited and reared in such a manner as to render the idea nf servitude quite unendurable , and their OF . ly resort is the needfe < " similar cuiployuniit . Ilcfu tliey find tlie demand f « r work greatly over-supplied and competitiiins-o kt-en that they are- at the mercy . of employers , and are obliged to . snatch at the privilege of working on any

      icnns . They find that b y working from fifteen to eighteen hours a day they cannot possibly earn more than from one to three dollars a week , and this , deducting the time they arc out of eiiiploynient _ every year , will barely serve to furnish them the scantiest and poorest food , which , from it < monotony and its unhealthy quality , induces to disgust , loathini ; and disease . They have thus absolutely notlita ^ -lfft fur clothes , recreation , sickness , books or intellectual improvement , an-3 the buoyancy and exquisite-jiniinahty of youth bicomcaslow torturing fever from which death is a t . io welcome relief . Their fi ames ate bent by incessant and stoof . ing toil , their . healtli destroyed by want of rest aud proper exercise , and their minds as " effectually stunteii , brutalized and destroyed over their monotonous tasks sis if they were doomed to count the bricks in a prison wall ; for what is life to them but a fearful and endless iniprisonmeiit , with allies horrors and privations ?

      ODDFELLOW'S PERMANENT LAND . BUILDING , AND INVESTMENT ASSOCIATION . We have received a prospectus of the above-named society , emanating from the Birmingham district of the Manchester Unity . We give the following extracts : — " To make a'l men owners of property , so that they may become tiieir own landlords , it is proposed to establish the Odd Fe ' . lows' Land and Building Association . Any member of thi : Order may join this Association . He will have to ' jiay 2 s . Gd . per week , for ^ thirteen years , for a share of £ 120 ; and Is . 3 d . per week , for thirteen years , for a half share of £ liO ; and 7 } d . per week for thirteen vcars . for a quarter of a share of £ 30 . "

      The principle on which this Society is founded is thus illustrated : — " Suppose tlie association be enrolled in the first week in January . 1 S 47 , and that it numbers at its cimmoncement five hundred memb rs , at 2 s . Cd . per week , each member will pay £ 8 10 s . annually ; and the five hundred members will pay annually £ 3250 . As soon ns . the weekly subscriptions amount to £ 120 , a share will be disposed of by rotation , and the member to whom it : s allotted will 1 ) 3 immediately entitled to receive from the association £ 120 . With this £ 120 he will have to buy ! an 1 or property , or build a house which , will be worth at least £ 13 per year rent , or 5 s . per week . When he has oHaincd his share , he will have to pay , in addition to his half-crown weekly subscription , 2 s . Cd . per week for interest , which will make his total payments to the association 5 s . per week . "

      The advantages of this association arc explained as follows : — ¦¦ Suppose a y- > ung man , twenty-one years of age , is desirous of making some arrangement to ensure an annuity when he becomes sixty years of age . If he join a * Building Association at twenty-one , and pay to it 2 s . Cd . weekly for thirty years , lie will then be thirty-four years old , and will have saved himself £ 120 ; this money invested in building will ,-after making every allowance for voids , repairs , collection of rent , and other expenses , bring in at least 8 per cent ., or £ 9 lGs . per year . He , at thirty-four ,, may join another association for a share and a half , for which he will have to pay , at 2 >\ Cd . weekly , p » r share , £ 9 15 s . annually , and Hie rent coming in from his former share will be £ 316- > . or Is . per vear more than sufficient to pay bis

      subscription for the one and half share . In thirteen years he will be entitled to a share and a half , or £ 180 , and the £ 120 which he has already , will make £ 300 . He will then be forty-seven years of age , and may join another Building Association for three shares and a tolf , for which he will have to subscribe £ 22 15 s . annually , and his £ 300 will bring him in yearly £ 24 , which is 25- ? . more than sufficient to pay his subscriptions ; he will , by this method , in thirteen years more , be entitled to three shares and a half , or £ 420 , which , added to his £ 300 , will make him worth £ 720 when he is sixty years of age . From this illustration it will be perceived that a subseript ' on of 2 s . Cd . per week continued for thirteen years , will in thirty-nine years be worth £ 720 , and of course , a subscription of Is . 3 d . per week for the same number of years , will be worth half as much , or £ 3 C 0 . When we perceive

      that the shire of £ 120 will , in twenty-six years , without any more subscription being paid , amount to the enormous sum of seven hundred and twenty pounds , we shall cease io wonder how it i « that the rich Still bscome richer , and the poor remain where they were . " If a member of this Association should die , or become insane , before he has obtained his share , his widow , or children , or legal nominee , will be allowed to receive back all his subscriptions , together with compound interest , at four per cent . If a member should . fall sick , he shall be allowed to withdraw his subscriptions , together with 31 per cent , compound interest , and if he should be thrown out of employment , or from any Other cause should require to withdraw his money , he shall be allowed his subcription , together with 5 per cent , simple interest , or , if he should prefer disposing of his shares he may sell or transfer them to any other party .

      The prospectus is signed by \ V . B . Smith , the Secretary . - _ The Committee will meet every Monday evening , at eight o ' clock , at the Institution , King-street , Birmingham , where prospectuses may be had , Shares applied for , and every information given .

      OPERATIVE HOUSE PAINTERS . IO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sin , —I beg leave to forward you the accompanying resolution passed at a meeting recently held by the London Op erative Douse Painters' Association . - ' -That the thanks of this meeting be given to the conductors of the ' Builder , " "Douglas Jerrold's Weekly Newspaper , " "The Northern Star , " and the other gentlemen of tlie press , to whoso kindly notice this Association is indebted . S . Bollasd , See . "

      Willknhaij .. —Important Trades Movement . —An union of the various trades has lately commenced in this place , having for its object tlie establishment of a fund , created by weekly contributions , by almost all the masters and workmen in the towp , and which is to he available to any of the branches of trade , in the absence of a demand for their particular manufacture ; and as far as possible to render assistance in such times to small manufacturers , who , for want of capital , are compeled to take orders at any sacrifice . It also limits the hours of labour , which was very much needed . The immense number of small manufacturers acts as an incubus upon the trade of the town ; many of tbem have been suffered to have four or five apprentices , whom , they have kept at work , fourteen or fifteen , and in some instances , sixteen hours per day . Besides , it is well known that

      many of them are incapable of governing themselves , much less to govern apprentices ; and it ought to be known to those parties who have the placing out of apprentices , many of whom are parish officers in agricultural districts , that it is often the case that a lad is placed apprentice , say , to some particular branch of the lock trade , his master has neither ingenuity nor capital to invent or cany out any improvement in such branch of trade ; c ^ nsequently the apprentice is kept working at the self-same thing during the ten or eleven years of his apprenticeship , at the expiration of which time he finds himself incapable of working at any other kind of locks , and in many iostariceK is next door to beggary all his days . If it had not been for the ingenuity and enterprise of a few respeetab ' e manufacturers , the trade of the town would ere Ihis have been lost . —Birmingham Journal .

      THE MONSTER INDICTMENT . THE OPERATIVE ENGINEERS OF LONDON Held a public meeting of their body residing in the south-western portion of the Metropolis , at the Temperance-hall , Waterloo-road , on Tuesday evening , December the 22 nd , when every e : i » ineering establishment in the southern portion of London contributed at least their quota to the gathering- , for the purpose , of expressing their sympathy with " , and aiding their Newton brethren , in their present struggle against oppressive tyranny , cruelty , and wrong ., Mr . HeppelIi was unanimously called to the chair , and said his duly would be very . light , as a delegate iroui Manchester was present , who would state the object of the present meeting ; he had therefore only to request a full and fair hearing for Mr . Lancaster , the delegate from their brethren in the n jrth .

      Mr . Lancaster rose , greeted with a most cardial welcome , to state the case of the " conibinators and conspirator " of . those men who were now under Uenry hail to take their trial foe daring to look for " a lair days wages for a fair day ' s work . " A few engineers ( said the speaker ) had come from Wales , and found employment at the establishment of Messrs . Jones and Potts , of Newton—those men found favour in the eyes of their employers—they were subsequently followed by other Welshmen , unskilful workmen , and whom Mr . Jones , perhaps from kindness , they being mostly young men , whose age averaged irom eit ; hteen to twenty-six years , wished to be instructed in the business ; however ^ the lecal men

      seeing tbe injurious tendency this must have on their interest as a body , were unwilling to place their trade , for which they had served an apprenticeship , into tliesemens' hands , consequently , they most respecfully made their feelings known to their emp loyer ; , who appeared to iicquiescc with them , and s-nuuised redress of their grievances . - However , time rolled on , and there was no amendment . Again a deputation waited on the employers , and most respectfully remonstrated against the { iross wrong done to the legal workmen , they' were , requested to commit tiieir statement of grievances to writing—they did so , snd placed it in their employers' hands , but with no better success '; they'found , ' on the contrary , their unskilled and illegal brethren were put to dril-

      Labour In New York. Its Cjsccjwtasces. C...

      v * •* ¦ , . ' , ' ¦ ' / v * -i ' $ , i * '> : . * -. ¦* n ling , Flanniiiii and some of them ultimately to engiiio ufiviffgTTHe'Megft ^ torempBsirate . but this time they were treated with contumely and scorn , and in self-defence , and for the protection of labour against unjust , oppression , they werejthen driven to other , though strictly legal nieans for redress . ( Loud cheers . ) They consulted and advised with their brethren in Union , and some of the best skilled men , who had'felt indignant at the wrong done them , and left the employment of Messrs .. Jones and Potts ; and the men being naturally anxious to ascertain who would so far degrade themselves , and injure their brethren in the trade , by teaching the men who were employed by Messrs . Jtiiicsaml Potts , against all rule and custom of tho trade , had kept a watchful eve on the . premises upon

      which had arose the monstrous charge ot "combination and conspiracy , " and which that excellent -man and cievev lawyer , Mr . W . P . Roberts , had declared to be founded without " Law or a shadow of Justice . " ( Great cheering . ) However , warrants were issued and seventeen men were dragged at the dead of the night , and in tbe depth of winter , from their beds to a prison , ( Loud cries of shame , shame ) , and on one of whom was found Post-otlieo orders for ten pounds , enclosed in a letter . setting forth the way the money was to be appropriated , which let ! to the apprehension of the excellent secretary of tlie engineers' body of that district , Mr . II . Sclsby . , who was dragged oft to Warrington , his locks broken , his place ransacked , and bis papers taken , without any legal authority whatever . ( Hear , hear . )'

      Mr . Lancaster here gave , in detail , a description of tbe proceedings before the magistrates , and recited the . evidence brought out by Mr . Roberts ' s very able cross-examination , and elicited roars ot laughter by his characteristic detail of " The Walking about . Standing still , and Talkiug evidence , " on the part of the prosecutor , yet , althoug h the prosecutor admitted that he had " nothing particular against the men , yet did the magistrates order their committal , and they were only saved from the jaws of a prison , by the liberality , generosity , and great humanity of Mr . Roberts , who became personally responsible for seventeen of the men , to the amount of £ 80 each , but the magistrates refused bail lor Sclsb y and Chcesewright , althoug h Mr . Roberts

      offered on their behalf to become their security , to tiie amount of £ 5 , 000 ; however , after being m prison for several days , bail was accepted , i « , nd the men were held to appear at tho Assizes . The case had been traversed over to the next session . As the case was of vast importance , not-only to the encT' » eers , but to the whole trades' bodies , Mr . Roberts had daenicJ it advisable that it should be removed by certiorari , in order that a fair ? trial might be had , he also wished that the most eminent legal talent at the En » lish bar , should be engaged to conduct the proceedings , and when it was remembered that "Combination and Conspiracy" had never yet had a legal decision given to it in the higher courts , notwithstanding the Lancaster , Mr . O'Cminell , and other cases , none had been settled on the main question , and hence for the safety of the trades in general , it

      was necessary that the question should be brought to an issue , ( Hear , If tar . ) Tbis would cost a considerable sum of money , but as the operatives of England was interested in the matter , ho would not lor a moment doubt that it . would not be raised with alacrity . ( Loud ' cheers . ) Tho engineers of Liverpool bad already subscribed £ 100 as a first instalment , in another important town the men had met , and put down three killings each as their firstlnsialnient of the debt of gratitude , which they felt was due to their oppressed brethren . ( Great cheering . ) lie would now leave the case in their hands , testing assured that the men of London would do their duty , aud if the operatives generally would only give a long pull , a strong pull , and a pull altogether , on this occasion , sure he was that victory would be theirs . ( Immense cheering . )

      Mr . William Newtos . the talented secretary to the London Engineers , then came forward amidst the loudest applause , and read a leading article relating to the case from the Northern Star , of December the 12 ih , which was received with much applause , and said , he thougt the case of the men of Newton , should be taken up by the engineers of London in , particular , and the operatives of the United King dom in general . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Newton concluded along and energetic speech , by moving the following resolution : — " That a Committee be now formed to eo-opev & ie with the Engineers of the east end of London , in their efforts to support the oppressed aud persecuted men of Newton in the Willowa . " Mr . Birlby seconded , and Mr . Hindlbt supported the . motion .

      The resolution was unanimoulsy adopted , and the following persons chosen as the committee . Messrs . Uindlcy , Milward , Burr , Birley , M'Lcan , Austin , Devonport , Dunn , and Booth , with power to add to tiieir number . Mr . Milward said there was one thing they should not forget , he meant the Northern Star , which was the only journal that had taken up their cause , and which was always first in defence of the rights of labour , and not unfrequently stood alone . ( Loud cheers . ) He would therefore move : — That a vote of thanks are due and hereby given to the Proprietor , Editor , and Reporter of the Northern Star , for the spirited manner in which they support our cause , and for their talented tind patriotic exertions , in defence of the rights of labour in general . " ' . '

      Mr . William Newton said his friend Milward had just done , what he intended to have done , however it afforded him very great pleasure to second the motion , and corroborated all thai ; Mr . Millward had said . , . The motion was put and carried by acclamation . A vote of thanks was then on the motion of Messrs . Newton and Hindley given to the delegate from Manchester , ( Mr . Lancaster ) and to the chairman , aud carried amid great applause . Mr . Lancaster , thought he had otdy done bis duty , and therefore did not deserve their thanks , however , he trusted he should ever merit their good opinion-( cheers . ) Mr . Heppel ( the chairman ) said when differences had existed between tlie employers and employed in London , the masters did not object to the men ' s consulting and advising together , even at their very gates , and he could not conceive what . the erne plovers . of Lancashire had to complain of . The meeting then dissolved .

      MOVEMENT OF THE OPERATIVE BAKE 11 S FOR SHORTESING TOE HOURS OF LABOUR AND

      TUB ABOLITION OP NIGHT-WORK . A most enthusiastic public meeting was held in that very neat and spacious edifice , tbe Girl's School Room , Clauham , Surrey , the use of which bad been kindly granted for the occasion by the Rev . Dr . Dealtry , Vicar of the parish , on Saturday evening , December 19 th . The meeting was not merely a Clapham meeting . but represented also tbe surrounding towns and villages , numbers attending from Brixton , Wandsworth , and Batter sea , Kennington , & c . Mr . Hood was unanimously called to the chair , and briefly opened the proceedings . He called on Mr , George Read , author of the " Biscuit and Gingerbread Baker ' s Assistant , " '' Practical Baker , " & c , to share the object for which the meeting was called .

      Mr . Geohge Read rose loudly apphuded , and said , the Committee of thb'Operative Bakers' Soticty , thought the public were not aware that the London Journeymen Bakers commenced working at eleven o ' clock at ni ^ ht , and continued until five or six o ' clock the folloning evening , Whereby they are but five or six hours disengaged from business , thus leaving them little time for rest , mental or moral improvement , and none for healthy recreatiun . At no other place but London is the baking business done on such a system—a system alike destructive to health aud morals , from the continuous round of labour which it imposes on . the men , whereby they are rendered old in their constitution before they have ar .

      rived at ths prime of life . Why should such a state of things be allowed to exist ? ( Loud cheers . ) Journeymen bakers , reason with yourselves on these few plain facts . Compare your condition with that of other artisans ; ask yourselves if it does not require some amelioration—and , having reflected on the matter , sure he was thty would cheerfully respond , and lend an helping hand in tbe obtainment of the great and good object of a diminution of the hours of labour and the abolition of night-work . ( Loud cheers . ) He would now rend to tbem an important letter ho had received from Ireland , Showing the effect tiieir agitation alreMly had made on their brethren in the sister country , and no doubt on the public generally , ( Hear , hear . )

      OperativeBaiters ' Committee-room , Wigram Quay , Wexford . Sir , —I have great pleasure , in being the instrument to convey the thanks of the operative bakers of Wexford to you . sir , and tbe working bakers of London , for your and their exposition of tlie grievances under which our trade labour , and , in particular , the infernal system of niglifcwork , and your determination to use all cons : itu . tional means to redress those grievances . As fellow tradesmen , we feel and sympathise with you , would willingly aid or assist in any movement of that kind which would have for its object the redress of all or any of those grievances , and the welfare ' of tro bakers at larec . 1 hope , sir , you will not think us iu any way intruding on your attention ; but , having seen an account of your meeting at the Belgrave Assembly Rooms , Ebury . jtreet , Pimlico , in the Northern Star , we consider it our duty to forward you our thanks , and inform you of our

      willingness to co-operate with all or any portion of the trades who may be disposed to improve the moral condition of the working men . We have , sir , in Ireland a majority of the operative bakers , in union , and more especially so in this town and county . We are of opinion , that the committee of your Society might move the working men to enlist the sympathy of the Legislature in our behalf , and get an Act of Parliament passed in accordance with our views ; the Government , too , might , with a "little pressure" be induced to give its support to the rights of labour , We are opinion , that if petitions were prepared aud sent in during tho n ° xt session of Parliament , our case would , at least , meet with ! he support of the philantliropic portion of the " House , " and by perseverance and continued agitation , we should eventually succeed . I have tlie honour to be , Sir , Your most obedient servant , ' . . Nicholas O'Beien , President of the Operative Bakers' Union .

      Labour In New York. Its Cjsccjwtasces. C...

      t , . K 1-f i v . ~ N . U . ~ We * suall feel grateful by your forwarding any paper that may contain a full report of your proceedings . " ¦ . - - - . . , >' . : '¦ , U-. ; - ? ,.. ¦ : ;• . -, i ' ,- / : ,.-iN . O'B . . H « had received other letters to a similar effect , from Liverpool , Birmingham , and . other , important towns , thanking them and the public press , especially , the Northern Star , ( or the manner in which they had taken up the case , and wishing them every success . ( Loud cheers . ) Some time since the master bakers had issued a circular , setting forth that they could get plenty if hands from Ireland , to work all the hours they required of tbem ; he thought the letter he had just read to them was a complete refutation of so foul a calumny . ( Great cheering . ) Those masters appeared to be quite ignorant of the fact , that the operative bakers of Ireland by their exertions had abolished night work in that country . ( Much

      applause . ) A'ld it must be highly satisfactory to tlie journeymen of Loudon , to find that their Wexford brethren so warmly sympathised with them . ( Loud applause . ) The men of Scotland ha 1 , also through the Northern Star , expressed their sympathy with , us and our cause . ( Hear , hear . ) Scotia Sons had recently held a jubilee of tri mph of congratulatory of their victory , they having obtained the objucts we are now seeking— ( loud cheers )—and was it possible with such biilliant examples before us , that wc could long remain in ruch a state ot degradation and slavery ? ( Loud cheers . ) He could compare the system of night work and long hours , to nothing mure apt than a candle lighted at both ends , consuming , as it did , your health , and undermining your

      constitutions , inducing premature weakness , decay , and old age . ( Hear , hear . ) Their work was not as ths late Poet Thomas Hood said , from morning till night , but from night until night came again . ( Hear , hear . ) A bricklayers labaurer had specified hours , in which to get his meals , yes , if Paddy was half up tlie ladderwithhts hod , and the clock struck twelve , down he came , but tlie poor unfortunate bakerrnust get his meals when his work would permit him . ( Hear , hear ) He did not- - come there to set tho man against the master , or vice versa ; on the contrary , he . thought the change sought would be f « und as beneficial to the employer as it would be to the cmployed . ( Loud cheers . ) He had much pleasure in submitting the following resolution for their

      consideration : — ¦ " That this meeting considers the continuous round of labour to which journeymen bakers are subjected to be destructive to their health , morals , and nwntal acquirements ; that it looks on night-work as the principal evil of the system , placing , as it does , many masters in an unequal state of competition , and tliei-cby enubks them to exact a much larger number of hours' work from the men than they would be otherwise enabled to do . " Mr . M'Laven , in seconding the motion , said he did so with great pleasure , he coincided will all the forcible arguments which Mr . Read had adduced , bethought the horrors of night work and long hours called loudly for an efficient and speedy remedy , bis employer , Mr . Simpson , of Old Bond-street , who had a very large business , employing niuo men , was so struck with the goodness and practicability of their plan , that he had , with his usu ! il .-: philanthropy ,.. , resolye ( l to build an extra oven , and give their system a fair trial , so convinced was ho that be could accomplish even his large business in twelve hours , day work . ( Great applause . )

      Mr . Williams rose , loudly applauded , to support the motion , and said , their desire was to make common cause with the well-disposed masters , and obtain ' a Fair Day ' s Pay for a Fair Day ' s Labour , " the present system reminded him of tivo days worrying and pulling themselves to pieces for other peoplss' pleasure and profit . He only wished he had this building fall of masters , so sure was he that they would leave it fully impressed with the justice of their cause . ( Loud cheers . ) In the year 182 + he knew a master who paid for labour , £ 7 lis , per week , well , that same master , in 1843 , through the infernal system of night work , and unbounded competition which : unfortunately ' prevailed , had the same amount of labour done , for £ 1 17 s . —( loud shouts of hear , hear , )—how was it done ? men went to work at six o'clock on a Sunday evening and kept at it , never

      seeing their beds until the Wednesday evening following . ( Hear , hear . ) He asked , was not such a system well calculated to cause destitution and crime ? Was it wonderful thatso many mendicants were seen in our streets , or thatso many criminals inhabited our gaols and hulks ? ( Loud cheers . ) When our prevailing system kept such large quantities of labour unemployed and such a mass of capital of circulation , such a . system can but prove but detremental to the whole community . ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . Williams next demonstrated what might be done from the profits arising from the working of twenty sacks of flour per week alioit-im ? a fair average profit that it would employ more bakers , enabling tbem to give additional employment to tailors , shoemakers < fcc , whilst shortening the hours of labour would give them time to cultivate their minds , which , in its turn , would

      require more editors , authors , printers , bookbinders , publishers , < fcc , thus it was clear that a move equitable division of labour , coupled with a fair remuneration , could not fail to be the utmost advantage to the whole civilised world , —( great cheering )—what did the present outrageous system of competition do for masters ! why enable them to cut their own throats ? you might see , continually , placards stuck up on their windows , with the . words "No Puff , down again . " Yes , in truth these were down , one of those " No Puff" cutting masters who , some few years ago , did business under this system , to tbe amount of £ 200 per week , might now be seen daily mending artificial-flowers , in the Whiteehapelroad , thus obtaining a precarious existence , here was a forcible illustration of their system . ( Loud cheers . ) When he ( Mr . Williams ) had been walking along

      Hol-OJrn , at six o clock of a Sunday night to his labour , oh ! how often had he envied the more happy mechanics , those pictures of domestic bliss , going With their wives to entail the sweet breeze of a summer evening . ( Great applause . ) ' How painfully did he then feel the misery of a journeyman baker ' s life , how ear . neatly did he resalve , on emancipating himself and felbiw slaves from such bondage and degradation . ( Vociferous cheering . ) It their present appeal to the employers did not succeed , they must then appeal to the House of Commons ; in their present agitation , they did not call on their fellow-men to make great sacrifices ; no , the sacrifice of a mere pipe of tobacco per week each would be sufficient . They had an active committee , who had

      shown their earnestness , and their determination also , that they meant business , as they had removed from the public house to the assembly room of the Western Coffeehouse , Drury-Iane ; they , too , had also a good , a just , and a glorious cause , in which the dearest interest and welfare of tliemselvess and fellow-men were bound up . ( Loud cheers . ) He invoked the aid of the friends ot temperance , moral , religious , political and social progress to their aid , and above and before all , he invoked the self-reliance of the operative bakers , let them but come forward , firml y determined , and with perseverance , they , must and will accomplish their object , ( Immense applause . ) Tha resolution . was adopted unanimously , amidst the acclamations of the whole meeting .

      Mr . WittiAMS moved a vote of thanks to Dr . Deallry and the other trustees who had eo kindly granted the me of the school-room for the occasion ; which was seconded by Mr , M'Laven and carried by acclamation . Mr . G . Read , in an highly complimentary speech , pro . posed a voteof thanks to the Nortliem Star in particular , and the other portion of the press in general , who had taken up so generously the cause of the operative bakers , which was seconded by Mr . Williams , and carried by acclamation . The following persons were then elected , a district or local committee , with power to add to their numbers : — Messrs . T . Reid , Brixton ; -T . Fogso , Glapham-rond ; W , Thompson , CJaphnm-towR ; F , J , Clark , Clapham-common ; J . Shanks , Clapham ; aud J . Clements , Clapham . C . Cameron , Clapham-risc .

      It was resolved that this committee meet for the first time ou Saturday evening , January 2 nd , 1817 , at the Sun Inn , Clapham . town , at eight o ' clock precisely , and every t-uccecding Saturday evening . Alter enrolling a large number of members this enthusiastic and interesting meeting was dissolved ; -

      Murder And Supposed Suicide—On Monday Fo...

      Murder and Supposed Suicide—On Monday forenoon , two boys , who obtain a living by dredging along the water side , whilst passing along the bed of the river near opposite to Waterloo dock , found a human body firmly embedded in the mud . It was the body of a female , with a child tied round her waist by means of a piece of rope yarn . . The arms of the woman we ve bath , pvessed round the neck ^ of the child , leaving one to suppose that in the agonies of death she was firmly pressing the little innocent to her breast . The two bodies were immediately removed to the vaults of St . John ' s Church , in the Waterloo-road , where a mora minute examination was made . It was there found that the child was of the mal sex , apparently about fourteen months' old ,

      the female seemed to be . between , thirty-three and thirty-six years of age . ; The latter was uVe-gsed in an old black stuff gown , black stockings , and side lace-up boots . The rest of the apparel appeared very old and ragged . The child , a tine-looking boy , wore ( to all appearances ) a black froek , long worsted socks , and calico under clothing . The dress of the two denoted extreme poverty . Throughout the whole of the afternoon the police were engaged endeavouring to find out the name ? of the child and female , but without success . No letter or any thing else was found upon the deceased likely to lead to

      their identity . From the fact of one of . her . breasts being found upon the cheek of the child , the probability is , that it was suckling when it met with its death . It was found , upon examining the bodies , that neither of the deceased had a single bruise upon their persons , which proves that they could not have fallen from any great height . The appearances of the bodies aro such as to lead to the supposition that they had not been in the water more than twelve or eighteen hours . The ligature which bound the two together was what is termed lay-cord ; it was passed three times round their bodies and fastened to the bonnet and cap-sti-inus of the female .

      FiitE at the Mansion or Wtmn Ellis , Esq . — The mansion of Wynn Ellis , Esq , 30 , Cadosanplace , Sloane-street , Chelsea , was discovered to be fire ' oii Sunday morning , shortly after one o ' clock . Engines soon arrived , but the fire had made considerable progress in the second floor , and in the bond timber and joisting ; The joists and flooring on the third floor were also much injured before the flames were extinttuished ; The paintings aiid articles of virtu are of great value , and ; it , is said the pain ings alone are covered by a policy of insurance to the anvouat of £ 25 , 000 .

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      To Tue Editor Of The! Noethern Stab. Sin...

      TO TUE EDITOR OF THE ! NOETHERN STAB . Sin , —You will coufcragreat favour by allowing space In ' your valuable Journal for the following brief remarks . llaving been appointed one of two dslegates'to represent the shareholders of the Chartist : Co-operative Land Company residing in Scotland at the late Conference held in Birmingham , and seeing that is impossible for me to visit the various localities to give an nccouut of how I exercised the trust reposed in me , I , therefore , respectfully request them to direct their . attention to tho report of the proceedings in last week ' s Star , as it is a more correct report than 1 could possibly give .

      I may , however , state , that ever since the company came into existence , it has been asserted by many interested parties , that the statements made from time tj time of the company ' s progress have been exaggerated , more especially those which appeared in the Northern 6 'tar in reference to the O'Connorville estate . Sir , partly for my own satisfaction ,. and partly for the gratification of my constituents ivhom I represented in the Conference , f paid a visit to the estate in . company with , my friend , Mr . Ross , the day following the termination of the busi . ness , and it was with no , small degree of pleasure and delight that I beheld for the first time the People ' s Own Farm ., " " I entered on the land at the southern extremity , and I was really lost in wonder and astonishment while I gazed on what 1 may be allowed to designate a paradise . I cannot find words or language to sufficiently express the pleasurable expressions which thrilled ' through my frame when the grand , the sublime spectacle burst upon my sight .

      But in order that my brother shareholders may form some idea-of the appearance of the farm , let them suppose that they stand with their back to the sun at noonday , and that they have a foil view of a pic . ee of land extending from north to south one mile and a quarter , and about a quarter of a mile from east to west , divided in the centre by a main road , bounded on each side , by two rows of dou ' tde cottages , probably two hundred yards apart , and to the left , a parallel road , extending about hp . lfamile , bounded on one side by single collages , containing three and four apartments . The doors of the double cottages are at the end of the bouse , from which you have a full view of the allotment of land attached to each cottage , the several allotments being divided in a line drawn from the centre of the cottages , so that the cottage of each allottee stands upon his own land . There , is a gentle rise in the land from south to north , so that it is alwajs exposed to the genial warmth of the sun .

      At the top of the mam road , a magnificent building prismits itself to your , view ; 'it extends from seventy to sevunty-five feet , from east to west , th" two wings are one story high , and are intended i . or two distinct schools far the education of the male and female children of the occupants , and those of the surrounding neighbourhood . The centre of the building stands >> vo stor . es high , and is intended for the residence of the schoolmaster and schoolmistress . On the top of this building , there has been erected a sp lendid dome , and spire , which will be attached a clock and hell for the use of the inhabitants . There will be a plentiful supply of spring water from two draw-wells , which have been made for the convenience of the occupants there is also a reservoir of soft water on the highest part of the land , which , at a moderate expense , might be conveyed through pipes to every cottage .

      Within a mile of the farm , there , are thece hundred and seventy acres of-common land , which the occupants have a joint right' . in , with the surrounding neighbourhood . Within a mile and a half ? s the Tillage of Mill End , and on the same road , but about a mile further , is the pretty and thriving town of Biekmansworth . The prin . cipal business of the working people of the above places , is paper . making and slraw . pliitting . It may not be out of place here to remark , that many have expressed their opinions , that the amount of laud allowed ' for each occupant would be insufficient for his and family ' s maintenance ,

      Now , as an answer to the opinions of such persons , I have ever stated that manufai tares would be combined with agriculture by the people when located upon the land , in proof of which , I have to inform you that the first and only occupant who has as yet taken possession , is now fully employed at bis original trade of hand-loom weaving , the only difference being that previous to his being located , he worked for a master j whereas now , ho purchases the raw material , is his own master , and sells his own product to the real consumer without the aid of agency , he being his own agent , and thereby receiving the profit of his capital as well as his labour . Nor is be depending alone upon the home market , his produce is rapidly spreading throughout the country , and has already reached the town of Greenock , a distance of four hundred miles from O'Connorville . If this can be achieved by one individual , what may not be done by the whole of the members of the Company . ROBEBT BURBELL .

      To The Shareholders In The Chartist Laxd...

      TO THE SHAREHOLDERS IN THE CHARTIST LAXD COMPANY IN THE LEICESTER DISTRICT Brethren , —The Conference called together at Birmingham to consider your affairs , and decide upon rules for the regulation of your future proceedings , in which I had the honour to sit as you < -delegate , having closed its session , I should have been highly gratified if , in accor . dance with our ancient and commendable custom , ! could have waited upon you personally , t . « give you an account of the proceedings of that body , and detailed the part which I felt it my duty to take , and the vote which due consideration impelled me to give upon every point of those grave questions , so highly important to the welfare , nay , I may say the very existence of our . society

      but the great distance at which nearly the whole of you reside'from my locality , and the consequent expense which would be incurred by such visits , has rendered the performance of such a duty , however pleasurtable in itsself , totally impracticable . A public address to you on the occasion is the only alternative in my power , and I amhttpyy to observe , ' th >« t the report of our proceedings in the Star , and especially the admirable comment upon those proceedings furnished by Mr . O'Connor , in that paper , has rendered my task an easy one , as far as regards an explanation , I shall only endeavour to fix your attention upon a few points , of the moat vital importance to our present as well as future success .

      The first in point of maunitude is the establishment of a Bank of Deposit . When Archimedes , of Syracuse , the gr--at Mathematician and Mechanist , bad discovered the power of the lever , he exclaimed , while contemplating its wondrous effects , " Give me u place to stand upon , and I will move the world . " This lever we have found in our Bank , and if it he skilfully and honestly applied , we shall do with it in reality what he spoke metaphorically . Tho questions of Mortgage , or Sale , presented on all sides innumerable difficulties . In the case of mortgage we could not obtain at most more than two-thirds of the value of the property ; and in the case of sale , encumbered with the right of the allottees to purchase th » ir respective allotments at a certain , price , few capitalists would be found to become purchasers at any price . Our Bank

      not only obviates these difficulties and losses , but instead of diminishing , actually increases our capital in an almost incalculable degree . By borrowing monry at three or three and a half per cent ., which we can do to any excent , our operations are carried out to an indefinite extent , and the money so employed bearing an interest of five per cent ,, we are not only unimpeded in our progress , but the purchase and location proceeds with the rapidity of the , flight of the eagle , or tho progress of the arrow ; while every outlay thus procured adds to the value of our possessions ; which , In their turn become a mora extended basis of security for what we borrow ; and the regular contributions from the shareholders weekly add to the amount ' of our real property , and altogether form an undeniable proof of the truth of the paradox , that the more we borrow the richer we become—the more we owe

      the greater is the amount of our real wealth . It is the stone which , being dropped into the river , forms at the first a small circle round its liucelus , which widening and extending by degrees in every direction , covers over a vast space , and is ultimately' lost ih the distance , beyond the reach of vision . .. It is a lever which possesses the singular property , that tlie more it is used the greater is its length and strength , and consequently the greater is its power , and tho greater weight it is capable of raising . As a Bank of Saving , too , its benefits are invaluable ; it secures to the industrious and careful occupant a safe deposit for whatever he can spare from time to time , however small in amount , which is in a twofold manner

      to his advantage , by reducing his rent , and enabling him to pay for the absolute purchase of his allotment at the same time , Ii it nt all surprising then that our Egyptian taskmasters should exhibit unequivocal signs of alarm and terror , to discover that we have found out the secret of making bricks for our own use ; not to erect gorgeous palaces , or vast pyramids , mementos of vanity and folly , but to construct habitations for ourselves aud our pos crity , upon our own little plots of ground ; there to sit after our labour of tho day for our ow benefit is concluded , with smiling contempt for the aristocracy and the miUoeracy ; who have , so long enslaved our bodies , and debased our understandings , to min > ster to their pride , their arrogance , and their extravagance .

      I had intended to have eoniprhed what I intended to say to you in one address , but the subject grows upon n . e as I proceed ; and the columns of the Star , the only p-per devoted to the people , has too many calls upon its space to allow too much room to be occupied by any one subject , however important ; I must therefore defer what other observations ! intend to address to you till another opportunity , and subscribe myself , Your faithful servant . T . R . Smart . 80 , Sanvey Gate , Leicester , 22 nd Dec , 1 S 4 C .

      Dauino Bcrglaries.—On Sunday Morning, A ...

      Dauino Bcrglaries . —On Sunday morning , a daring burglary was discovered to have been committed on the pivmises of Mr . Joseph Mnppin , dressingcase maker and cutler , of 15 , Fore-street , City . The shop had been plundered of a great portion ol the contents , consisting of . dressing-cases , cutlery , . surgical instruments , and pearl and ivory , valued at £ 401 ) . The shop of Mri Robinson ,. tailor , 15 , Bow , lane , Chcapsitie , was : also stripped of a quantity : o ( cloth ,- & c , valued at £ 150 . Tnese robbei iosaresupnoao d . to'have been effected by . means of skeleton keys . ;'" - ' - " ' 7 " ' '' '"¦

      " 'Buuliiajnu. - -.-• -¦—¦ ' . ' . I 9 N...

      " 'BUUliiAJNU . - -.- - ¦—¦ ' . ' . i 9 J / . id , ay a , PuWic meeting was held in Muri . Jail , Ldmburg i . for the purpose of adopt -VmX for ¦ niit . ga ing . the destitution now exSivelrn ?/ vailing in the Inghlands and islands of Scotland Th Lord Provost presided 0 « i * w > wana . lbe The Rev . Norman M'Le ' od , in moving the first n , solution , wlncl acknowledged the hand of " Divi ^ Providence in the failure of the potatoe crop * and IT verted to the horrors of famine , which th . fiS 18 now . entailing upon vast masses of the pcS ?/ S ^^^ S ^^^ ^^ t ^ Vf ^ vtSl ^*

      u , « nu an auuitiona number who will i ™ . „ ; V V 5 ScrinSS eatery and cholera isf iSaS ^ taS rapidity among the cottar class ; and the snn . Most of them „ ow restrict themselves to one scanty meal per day , and the children md aget | pcJoi s c ? SLTf'HP ^ r partof "" ir time i «^ eKserSSe 2 e It f S " l warmt , ) > and ^ at they ™ . y r * Sketch of thK ff ^ ' ! Ice , \ tllen g ^ 'e a touching Skve 1 'fr'R 5 , urtd ° y 'he peasantry of whinh 1 ? p 5 kbt ™ totion of a similar kind , of which he was personally a witness ; and , after ad y ^ , ?* '" . relief bestowed by Government " un a ™ iute

      wu u «» in Ireland ; he said he could not as i iighiandoi ' , but feel somewhat sore at the rdk ' c ion had been done for hrs countrymen . The hi » hlande « had not expended any sums bestowed upon ° them , t purchasing muskets to use against their fe £ countrymen , although they had done the ' bnt tW could with their arms , on many a hard-fought field m defence of then- common country , lie hoped ther wold , whatever their Bufferings , st j ]] maintain their character or peaceful-endurance , and he believed rhey would do so . He trusted , however , that this instead of inducing a neglectof theirsnfferings , would have a directly contrary effect . Lord CtrsKWoniM having seconded the resoktion , u

      Dr . Candish rose in the body of the hall , and expressed his cordial concurrence in the resolution , and m what-had been said by the mover of it . He stated that the bod y with which he was connected . were anxious to throw the funds they had already collected into ono common treasury to be distributed by a general committee in the most judicious man ner . It the Free Church ha-l been unnSX premature in their subscriptions to meet the want of a destitute population , he apologised for their * of t ?' T ! iut ho - ««>« W hot hel p r 4 rettin « tin » u „ Lord Provost had not met -th . dSioi 4 hrst waited upon him with reference to a public meeting m a different manner . ¦ "" one

      st ^^^^' b ^ t ^ utoY ! ^ to an infliction of God , but asserted that fc ™ from the conduct ot a tyrannical set of landlords The speaker was very indistinctly audible in the con ! usion which prevailed . Me Further details of the existing destitution were given by the Rev . Mr . Clark , of Ulva and also h the Lord Provost who read a letter from Mr . II 0 De employed byt ho Commissioners of Northern Lioffi in Harris . Tins gentleman sta ' ed that tlie destitute peasantry were anxious to obtain work , corah * twenty milei from their homes to get employment ' but , owing to the reduced state of tiieir phvsicVl powers , hy having experienced for some time a wart ot necessary nourishment , tlieywere quite incapable of enduring a dav ' s work . - v

      The Rev Mr . Watson , Bishop Terrot , Lord Mui * . ray Mr . Spier ? , and Mr . Crawford , subsequently addressed the meeting , which unanimously agreed in the appointment of a general committee to raise subscriptions , to be appropriated to the necessities of the destitute in the moat judicious manner that could be devised ... ....... It was stated by . Mr . Spiers that Government would assist in transporting supplies of food , or sell from their provision ships , to a relief committee , bread stuff at as favourable a rate as it could be procured at in the southern markets : and also transport from remote localities of the highlands and islands able-bodied men , for whom employment might be procured in largo numbers on the railways now in course of formation . It is eratifyinc to see that the

      tcariul destitution which prevails is about to be energetically grappled with ; and it is also satisfactory to find that various influential lauded proprietors are organizing a society in Edinburgh for improving the croft or cottar husbandry of the country , and improving generally the condition of the labouring classes , somewhat similar to the English society , nhich has been so extensively useful .

      Supposed Murder Sear Wolverhampton. —Las...

      Supposed Murder sear Wolverhampton . —Las t week , the village of Rushbury was thrown into a state < -. f great excitement b y the discovery of the bod !? of n man named Harris , gardener to a county magistrate , undorcircumstiinces which lead tothe belief that he was brutally murdered . The deceased left his house on Tuesday morning , and not returning as usual in the evening , on Wednesday bis wife senther daughter to look after him . She accordingly proceededto the greenhouse , in the garden , and finding the door on the latch , with the key inside , she opened it , and saw her father ' s hat upon . the ground , near a pool of blood . Being greatly alarmed , she run for the coachman , who accompanied , her to the place , and lound the body of the unfortunate man lying on

      the right side , with his legs in the ash-hole connected with a flue which was used for warming the greenhouse . The coachman did not tell the girl what he had seen , but took her back to the hall , and in company with other servants returned to the apot where the badylay . The body of the man was not quite cold . Messrs . Coleman and Edwards , surgeons , were immediately sent for , who on examination discovered several marks of violence on the head and face , the ear and part of one eye having been gnawed away by the rats . The deceased ' s neckerchief was saturated wit h blood , and his clothes bore evidence of his having been engaged in a violent

      struggle . Every inquiry likely to lead to the elucidation of the mystery has been but up to the present time no clue has been obtained to its unravelment . In the greenhouse was found a hatchet , which had upon its handle marks of blood , as if grasped by a hand , and marks of blood were also on the ironwork . A pikel was also found on the spot , with marks of blood on it , and both instruments are now in tho possession of the police , What leads to the supposition that a foul murder has been perpetrated , is tlie fact , that there was no blood whatever on the har > of the deceased when found , and therefore thatXv < hatchet must have been used by another party , committed the deed .

      I > quest os Ten R ^ v ^ rs Frozkk to Death . — Padstow , Su . vday . —An inquest on the bodies of ti ; ;• ten unfortunate sailors belonging to the barque Hope , of Liverpool ,- who were washed ashore in the . long boat , frozen to death , on Eriday , before Mr . Hamley , the Coroner . The Hope , it appeared , had been wrecked on the Wieklow Bank , off the east coast of Ireland , when the crew took to the boats . The deceased end six others were in the long boat ; the Captain and rest- of the crew in the gig . The latter , were , however , picked up by a schooner . Those in the long boat saw this , and tried . to get up to her , but they could not , and so : u lost sight of her , owing to the great fall of snow . An attempt was them riiade to regain tho Irish coastwhich soon . was obliged to

      , be giv . n up , three of their oars breaking . They hoisted a small sail that was in the boat , and night coming on they steered for the English coast , by keeping the North Star astern . Having no provisions in the boats , and being thinly clad , they suffered intensely from the cold , which was terribly severe their garments being covered with ice , On the second nicht they made thoLuriuy Island lights , and saw a brig , which they hailed , but it merely showed a light and passed en , without offering assistance , although it is qu ' neclear they were seen . Already had many of them fallen victims to a horrible death , and laid prostrate at the bottom of the boat ,

      and the next night saw three or four others . The boat had then reached Trevore llend , from whence it drifted with the tide into Mawgan Bay , where it was noticed by the coast guard . Ten of the boat ' s crew had by that time expired , and the remaining six would inevitably have been lost had i , ot uiioof tlie described swam off the bnat while beating among the breakers and with tbe aid of aline , which he secured to it , it washaulcd up and the poor fellows taken out . The Jury having viewed the bodies , which laid in a barn adjacent to tho Mawgan Perth coast guard station , they returned a verdict that ' * the deceassd died from , the effects of starvation and long exposure to the inclemency of the weather . "

      Irul tok Murder .. —a trial for murder occupied the court at York , on Monday , Tuesday , and Wednesday , last week . Three men , named George Barker , JohnBrcBon , and Thomas Routled ^ e Raine , < were charged with having murdered Joseph Yates , a tailor , at Startfcrth , on the 10 th of August , 1845 . Yales was summoned to appear as a witness asjainst Barker , on a charge of having stolen a coat , and Barker was beard to threaten him several tiriies . to prevent his giving evidence . On the nlghi ' when Yates was killed , he was in company with the other

      prisoners and with two prostitutes , named Catherine Maine and Ann Humphreys , The latter was the principal witness against the prisoners . She said she saw tbem st ike Barker some heavy blows , ' that he screamed out ' murder , and they then threw him into the river . She said they afterwards killed Catherine Raino , because she threatened to tell the police . The jury , after a long consultation , returned a verdict oi—Not Guilty . On Thursday morning the prisoners- were arraigned lor the murder of Catherine Raine , hut the trial was not proceeded ivith ; Mr . filiss stating , that from the verdict given in the previous ease no evidence could be offered . A 1 verdict of fcot Guilt ^ vas the n returned .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 26, 1846, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_26121846/page/6/