Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 25th November 1848, Edition 2 of 3, Page 4, THE NORTHERN STAR, BATPBDAY, NOYEHBEB 25, 1818.

Page 4
Page 4
4 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (2)
    • HEALTH AND ECONOMY
    • THE NORTHERN STAR, BATPBDAY, NOYEHBEB 25, 1818.
  • Adverts (13)
  • Text (6)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      N Nonstable Will He Not Have Nowjwhen Ca...

      THE N 0 OTHERfl STA . R . November 25 , 1848 . — ~ " ~ " ~^^* ! i

      Health And Economy

      HEALTH AND ECONOMY

      Ad00407

      qiHOMAS ^ MARTLV WHEELER , ? M £ J ? £ 1 ubrvme . - narwc «« . ^ ^^^ e * 4 l » araeretw .. bay 5 , from « ie « seofte »~ MJ ^ Terms ^ » u « aon wuib / p ^ a «{« SSSt »* a & asff' ^ A ^ -11-

      Ad00408

      TO BE DISPOSED 07 , » TjnnR-ACRB PAID-UP SHARE for f iS ^ Mtotamld 8 to T - A '* " « . ffi 8 ftH « 1 , wn > London .

      Ad00409

      TO TAILORS . By approba tion ef Her Majesty Queen Yictorla , and H . B . H . Prince Albert . HOW RBADT . mHE LONDON AND PARIS WINTER J . FASHIONS for I 84 S-W , by Messrs Benjamm BEAD and Co .. 12 . Haxt-street , Bloonubnry-sqnare , London ; and farSBBMn , Iloirwell-street , Strand ; a vetf splendid MlIST . « r « rbW crloured , aceom panied with theimost fiSuroible . novel , and extra-fitiias Riding Dr « s , HuutfeSF ^ Coat ratterne ; the Albert Paletot , Dress SdMoming Waistcoats , both sing le and doable breasted . Also SLry of Cntttas Cloaks of ever . y . descnpUon tm / stv ' e and fashion illustrated . The method of in . « £££ Z finishing aU the patterns , or any other . P ' ^ K ^ tfto P fur ori thoBe who -consider it f ^ ?* t t « jh ^ full urice for the new sjstem of Cottt SiflFpS iie old ^ e , that any ^ ns hanncdone soWit hin the last year , win be SSL for the « hole ; or any parts of SoS SSl & ied 1318 . which wm inpersede erer « hi 4 of" the kind before conceived . Parbcnlars todternw sent , post free . Patent Measures , withfuU eSS on . 5 B . tte set . ^ ntlndica ^ postfree . Bedstered patterns to measure , Is each pwt-rree . TC SSTatul Co , 12 . nart-street , Btoomsbury ^ qube . London ; and aU Booksellers , / " ^ office ttSrs ? w £ Post Stamps , taken as Cash , habits perfiSforthe Trade . Basts for fitting Ceateon ; Boys ' figures . Foremen provided .- fostroctions ""W complete , for « J 1 kinds of Style surf Fashion , which can be accomplished in an incredibly snortttne .

      Ad00410

      DO YOU SUFFER TOOTHACHE- '—If so , use Bsasm's EsjjUL for filling the decayed spots , KoderiDF defective teeth sound and painless . P «« e One SMUin * only , siaiilar to that sold at Two Shillings and Sixpince . Sold by chemists everywhere . _ l ^ tunonials . — ' It has given me the use of oae side of my mouth , which luxury I had not enjoyed for about two sears . '—a J . ALicooiuLD , Belfurd . Nortfnwiberlaiid . It is the most effective and painless core for tooth , ache I have ever found .. I have no hesitation in recomnenduvit to aU sufferers . ' -Captain Thokis Wawm , U . Uewineton-crescent , London . « I have fitted two teeth , and find I can use them as well as ever I did in my life . I have not had the toothache since . ' — Abraham Comae , North-brook-place , Bradford , Yorkshire . . See numerous other testimonials in various news , papers , every oneof which is strictly authentic . If any ttffficultsiaobtaining itoccure send One ShiUiag and a Stavro to J- Willis . 4 , BeU ' s-buUdings , Salisbury-square , London , and you will ensure it by return of past , —Agents vented .

      Ad00411

      COLLIYEE'S COMMERCIAL COFFEE AND CHOP HOUSE AKD KEADINS ROOMS , 266 } , STRAND LOFDOS . J COLLIVEB returns his sincere thanks to . his Friends and the Public at large , for the support tie has received at their hands during the last ten years , and hopes , by strict attention an * civility , to merit a continuance of their patronage . J . C . also begs to state , that having lately made extensive alterations and improvements iu Ms premises , he is now enabled to afford edditioas : ! convenience without extra charge . ¦ - A Commercial CoSae-room upstairs , with every faclUtJ for Travellers and Visitors from the country . The House is situated in the very heart of tha Metropolis , in the centre of the Theatres , near the Sational land OEce , and Public Buildings . Omnibuses pass to and from ail the Railway Stations , to meet the Xrains , every five minutes Beds , is . to is . Gd . per night AU other charges emwiy moderate . KO FEES TO SERVANTS

      Ad00412

      "METROPOLITAN COUNTIES and GENERAL JXJl LIFE ASSURANCE , Annuity , Loan , and Iavesfr meat SOCIETY . ( Incorporated pursuant to tbe 7 th aud 8 th Tic , cap . lie . ) Temporary Offices , Zi , Begent . street , Waterloo-place , London . TRUSTEES . Eichard Spooner , Esq ., I Spencer Horatio "Walpole , M . P . I Esq ., M . P . Edward Vansittart Neale , j Henry Peter Fuller , Esq . Esq . . I DIRECTORS . Robert Chalmers , Esq ., Edward Lomax , Esq ; , St Tlmrlow-S ^ uare , BrOmp- John * Wood . tea . Samuel Miller , Esq ., Lin-Samuel Driver , Esq ., White- coin ' s Inn . usiL "¦; Sir Thomas Newley Reeve , Henry Ptter Fuller , Esq ., Ric'unond . Piccadilly . Edward Vansittart Neale Palk Griffith , Esq ., Esq ., South Audley-street i-onmnnaer-lane , Cheap- William a . S . ' Wertoby side . d ti ¦ H r *«»« rf * -jj «/ . a _ . AUDITORS . Henrv Peach Buckler , Esq ., J Henry Grant , Esq ., Shenley Basiiighall-street . j . House , Brighton . MEDICAL ADVISERS . "William Henry Smith , Esq ., j RobertKeate , Esq ., "Serjerat P . K . C . S ., 2 , FonthVl-l Sarge-n to the Queen , 11 , place . Clapham-rise . j Hertford street , Hay H . W . Fuller . M . D . 45 , | Ftir . Half-moon street , Picca-j diliy . I BANKERS . —The Union Bank of London , 4 , Pall Hall , East SOLICITORS . ¦ W . W . Esher , Esq ^ 3 , King- J W . Chapman . Esq ., Rich . street , Cheaps ! t | mond , Surrey . SURVEYORS . - * "Vincent John Collier , E « q . » | Richard A . Withal ) , Esq ., 7 , Uorgaii-street 1 Parliament-street . A CTUARY . —Alexander Jamieson , Esq ., LL . D . UA 5 AGER . —P . Fetrguson Camroux , Esq . The objects of this Society are : — To grant Assurances upon LiveB , wither without par . tieipatioBin profits : also Immediate and Deferred Annuities and Endowments . By combining the advantages of Life Assurance with ihe business of well-regulated Building Societies , to render a Life Policy an available and economical means of acquiring freehold , leasehold , or other property , by ad . vaRces repayable by periodical instalments , thus : A person desirous of purchasing his lease , or otherwise acquiriag property , will not only obtain a loan nearly eqtul to its value , bat on his death will leave the property discharged from such , loan , in addition to the sum assured to be paid at his death . hree . fourthsefthe profits will be divided every five yeirs amongst the assured intitled to participate , and the remaining one-fourth will be added to the profits of the shareholders . Prospectuses with tables , and every information , may be obtained at the Society ' s Temporary Offices , 39 , Recent-street , Waterloo-place , or of any of its Agents in the country .

      Ad00413

      THE LAND AND CHARTER SILK HANDKERCHIEFS . Clearing out for the Season , at greatly reduced prices , the following Elegant Assortjnent : — s . d . Rich Oporto Ducapes , with Green Middle and Blue Satin Borders ... ... . „ ... 5 0 Ditto ditto ditto , Black Satin ditto ... 5 0 Half of Ditto - ~ - ~ . _ 3 0 Ditto ditto ditto , Large Rich Chect with Red Brown Satia Check , tipped with White , and Myrtle spaces ... ... ... ... i 3 Half of Dito ... ... ... ... 2 7 Rich SatinDacape , Extra Rich Blue Satin Stripes and Borders ™ ... ... ... 419 HalfofDitto ... ... ... ... 2 S Satin Brussels , Rich Green lliddle and Tri . Borders ... ... ... •¦¦ 8 S Ditto Ducape , Dark Green ditto ditto ... 3 6 Ditto Brussels , Fast Black , ditto ditt * ... 8 S Ditto ditto ditto . Blue Satin Border ... 3 S large sire Ladies' Figured Ties , with Shield or Pine _ . — — . -. ... 1 4 The above cannot fail to excite admiration and satis , faction to all purchasers , not only from tbe very low rates charged ( being twenty per cent under the retail houses ) but from their superior design , material , and workman , ship . There can be no more made at anything like the prices quoted vbove , in consequence of the unprecedented rise in silks of nearly fifty per cent ., so that friends wishing to purchase will do well to take advantage of tbis opportuniry . To bebad on application to Mr Clark , Hi , High Hoi . bom ; London .

      Ad00414

      EMIGR ATION TO AUSTRALIA AND THE CAFE OF GOOD HOl'E .-The splendid following chips will be despat -bed as under : - For ALGOA HAT , November 25 th , the PERSEVERANCE . 400 tons F . THOMPSON , Matter ; loading in ihe London Docks . For the CAPE of GOOD HOPE , December 1 , the JULIANA , 588 tons . F . BOWLES , Master ; loading in St Katberine Docks . For PORT PHILIP and SYDNEY , November 25 tb , tho BEULAH , 578 tons , J . H . if . STRUBON , Master ; loadinjr ia the Loudon Docks . The abova t » it-f eiling ships are commanded by efficient omc-rs , au 4 are fitted with special attention to ths comfert and conTeoience of every class of passengers . They bare most spacious 'tween decks , we . l vtntihted , are fitted with Ufa boats , carry experienced surgeons , aud are provisioned on the most liberal scale . ^ Families can have their berths so arranged that they can be entirely to themselves , aud not rain with the other passengers . These ships will be found most eligible as they com bine comfort and economy , while they take only a limited number . For freight or passage apply to W . O . Young , 1 , Royal Exchange Buildings ; or to W . S . Lindsay , 11 , Abchurcn Lane , London .

      Ad00415

      110 MORE PILLS FOR INDIGESTION , Constipation , Torpidity of the Liver , and the Abdominal Viscera , p ? rsisting Headaches , Nervousness , Biliousness , Despondency , Spleen , etc Published by Du Barry and Co .. ? 5 . New Bond . street , London ; and to be obtained through all Booksellers * Prica 6 d , or 8 d ( in letter ituaps ) , post-free : A POPBL & ft TREATISE oh INDIGESTION and CONSTIPATION jthe main causes of Nervousness , Wwusueas , Scrofula , Liver Complaint , Spleen , etc , and « neir RadicalRemoval , entitled the ' Natuxal Rkbsse-BAXoa or thb Disirnvx Osgaks ( the Stomach and In-» s *»^ )» . ^ rHOO Tnuls , purgatiTW , « ri ^ cial memn « of * iy toady ter

      Ad00416

      HOW AND WHERE TO EMIGRATE . TOrs day New and Improved Editions , each with a Map , .. .. nrica-ls . eaclu . or . eighteen . Queen ' s Heads . per post , By J . C . BYRNE , Esq ., Author of TwehreVYears' Wan--- ¦ ¦ : •• deringsintbe British Colonies . ' THE EMIGRANT'S GUIDE '' to tbe CAPE OF GOOB HOPE . "With a Map of tlie Colony . THE EMIGRANT'S GUIDE TO SEW SOUTH WAXES PROPER , AUSTRALIA FELK ,: and kOUTH AUSTRALIA . iEighttrEdition , with a Map . THE EMIGRANT GUIDE TO NATAL . With a Map . London : EmnghanVWilssn , Commercial and Colonial Bookseller an & Statipner , 11 , RojaEExchange .

      Ad00417

      This day is published , price la . POPULAR THEOLOGY tested by MODERN SCIENCE , " in , a-ser ; es of Letters to « vpriend . By a Well Wisheftto Society . J . London : John Chapman , 142 , Strand .

      Ad00418

      Now Ready , a _ New Edition of MR . O'CONNOR'S WORK ON SMALL FARMS XBE < OBK 4 ? asT EDinoir Evas nraaianEB . Price is . 6 d ., A new Mdeleseat edition , with Steel'PIate of he Author , of PAisrs poimcAL mbks . No . 2 B 8 F "THE LABOURER " coKiAursirwo aeticwb by « r bbsbbt joseb , eoHTETs : — L Thafiystam of Land Tenure and Agriculture in Sucrnwy . 2 . The KurdereS Trooper , 3 . National literature . 4 . T-heEveof St . Juhn . No . 24 , flF " THE UBOBRER " Contalaing a variety of important and Interesting matter , will be ready on Dtcember 1 st . Just Published , pricel 8 . 6 d ., forming a neat Tolurae , EVIDENCE TAKEfJ BY THE SELECT COMMITTEE Appointed to inquire into Thb Najiokal Laud Cobpast ; with a review of the saee , and an Outline of the Propositions fer amending the Conititnlion of the Company , g oafl to comply with the Provisions of the Law . Wataon , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row , London : A Hey wood , . Manchester : and all Book-Beilera in Town and Country . -

      Ad00419

      t PORTRAIT _ £ F GUFFEY . The above portrait , taken by bis fellow-sufferer , Wm . Dowliog , is now ready . Price 6 d ; Orders re ceived fcy Mr Dixon , 144 , High Holborn . THE YORKSHIRE VICTIMS . As a matter of course , as the cause of Chartism is national , aad as the tyranny of Government has been universal , it is intended that the National Defence Fund shall be equally applicable to the Yorkshire as to the Lancashire victims .

      The Northern Star, Batpbday, Noyehbeb 25, 1818.

      THE NORTHERN STAR , BATPBDAY , NOYEHBEB 25 , 1818 .

      Ireland. The Labour Question '* Alas! Po...

      IRELAND . THE LABOUR QUESTION ' * Alas ! poor country , Almost afraid to know luelfL "

      Was ever country in such a condition as unhappy Ireland ? ' Her landlords bankrupther fanners flying—her labourers dying—her shopkeepers starving—while her lauds , the most fertile in the world , remain sterile and unproductive , with her Government pledged to Free Trade , and boasting of its politicoeconomical knowledge , hoping to rule by the sword , and the terror of perverted law—and the Press of this Government now rejoicing iu the anticipated prospects of Poor Laws and the transfer of land from the bankrupt lord to the Jew mortgagee .

      "When will the monied classes and the labour classes of England seethe double burden and loss that Irish poverty imposes upon them 2 When will the one be tired of making charity a substitute for justice ? and when will the other be tired of seeing Irish poverty constituting the standard of wages in the English labour market ? And , alas ! when will the \ directing and controlling mind of Ireland be won to the comfort of her people and the regeneration of their nationality ? Ireland has tried many p hysical revolutions for the acquirement of her rights—many a time and oft

      has her moral genius been mustered in the Hall—in the Market Place—and on the sward , rendered holy by the blood of her sons spilt in the vain attempt to regain her liberties . How often has tha genius in the Hall , the national fervour in the Market Place , and the numerical strength in the fields been pompously referred to as the sure means of achieving nationality ? But what has the muster-roll of Irish greatness ever effected in the Senate House , beyond the acquisition of power and patronage for the promoters of discontent , and the vain boasters of Ireland ' s capability of achieving her own nationality ?

      Are we to be told that the Irish representatives in the Saxon Parliament have never commanded sufficient strength since Catholics became eligible to sit in the House , and the Reform Bill gave them constituents , with the whole national strength at their back , to resist a bad . measure or insure a single good one ? And yet , after nineteen years incessant agitation ( we date from the period of Catholic emancipation ) , will the most critical scrutineer point out one single clause in one single Act , calculated to confer one single benefit upon the Irish people ?

      Themiad . of Ireland had been impiously trained to place its whole reliance upon incessant agitation , until at length the more enthusiastic of her sons , discouraged and disgusted byftraffic in her enthusiasm , have been driven into a course—a dangerous course—but the only one left open , to stir up the old cesspool of corruption . The danger to these young men , who saw the giant monster of fraud against which they had to contend—the old lessons which they had to unteach . —and the old prejudices which they had to overcome , was not unforeseen by us . In Vol . I . of the " Labourer , " ( page 269 , ) in a letter addressed to Lord Joha Russell , under the head , THE PHASE OF POLITICAL PARTIES , will be found the following passage : —

      "You must be aware my lord , that Irsland is now , in reality , jonr great dl £ cuUy-jou muitn . t imagine that any party will NOW be able to rouse a confiding people to madness , to secure a national representation npon a national principle , with no other view , and no better purpose than to secure patronage out of Confidence . Tonwillnot again see UEPEAIi FLEDGLINGS con . verted into Whig tools by the simple process of patronage . You recollect the very equivocal compliment paid to Mr O'Connell by Charles Bailer , when he assured the

      HOUSE thai'Ireland was ma perpetual state of incipient revolution , which was only checked by tho policy of her leader , and which no other living mancould restrain after his departure ' ~ The danger from Ireland now is , the fervour with which contending PATRIOTS will bid for popular support ; and hatred to England , and still more to Wklggery , wiU be the PATRIOTS'engine or power . Mj lord , until a fatal ascendancy « again acquired by an Irish party worth ministerial purchase , you will find Ireland , a GREATER DIFFICULT ! than she has yet been . "

      From the wor as , "the danger from Ireland now is the fervour with which contending PA-1 TBTOTS will bid for popular support , " the reader will at once learn that we did not make a miscalculation of those dangers with which the path of the enthusiastic would be beset , when his task was the unteaching of old prejudices . But still the Ministerial difficulty remains , notwithstanding the temporary Ministerial triumph ; and during our long life of agitation—if all our other works vanish into airthe very fact of having united the English and Irish popular mind in the pursuit of substantial and national improvement , instead of allowing it to be hurried away in the pursuit of " splendid phantoms , " more than rewards us for all our other failures . For years Irish agitation was . based , not upon English misrule , but upon Saxon hatred ; not

      Ireland. The Labour Question '* Alas! Po...

      upon ' the injustice of the EaglishMinister , but upon the " Anti-Irish prejudices of the Saxon people : and hence' rMs'Irish" feWbf ~ Saxon hatred and . malignity , was ever the best arrow in the Minister's cpiiver- « the best card in hie When an English difficulty arose , IrUft tranquillity was scoured through a promise of patronage , and Ireland was relied upon as > the reserve force to suppress English agitation .

      Well , having witnessed'these scenes for years , and the real leaders of the Irish people —the priesthood—having now discovered ithafc poverty produces an empty Exchequer , -tho English Minister , as he had-taken advantage of physical suffering ,- hoped -to turn , religious despair to his own purpose j 'bnt in -this 'last resource he has , thank God , feted , as the Irish priests have nobly told him , that they . prefer sharing destitution , with . their flock to selliag ithem to their Saxon rulers .

      Having thus taken the right step in the inarch of progression ; and every man in Europe entertaining the conviction that the Irish priesthood does possess sufficient power to redeem their country from beggary and starvation , without shedding a drop of human blood , or without the violation of a single law ; the onerous , the honourable , the national ,, the sacred duty of regenerating their country is now imposed upon the descendants of those shepherds who maintained , their religion through scenes of blood and persecution , and who came forth from their caverns and their hiding places , in nakedness and want , to preach their adopted religion in defiance of the force of the monster ^ who , to justify his own lust and adultery , would have converted them to his

      "TRUE FAITH . " When men have power to . remove -misery , starvation , and discontent , b y substituting happiness , contentment ,, and peace , the coV tinuance of those intolerable evils are chargeable upon those who have the power , but lack the will to destroy them . It is worse than nonsense to talk ; of the inability or , disinclination of the , Irish people t © support themselves in affluence npon the land of their birth , if the opportunity was afforded them ..,

      In the good old days : of corruption , the Irish , land was valued b y the political , and not by the agricultural , standard . The Ministerial Member for the County possessed all the Government , patronage , aad from this great reservoir of corruption itflowed into its variei channels . The Excise , ' the Customs , the Church , the ' Army , and the Navy patronage , were all at the " disposal of t'he Ministerial

      Member .. He . nominated the Sheriff ; the Sheriff elected , or rather invited , the Grand Jury } and through this channel all the minor patronage of road-making , bridge-making , prison-building , Foundling Hospital building , police appointments , harbour and river appointments , and all minor appointments , passed to the local supporters ' of the Ministerial hack . ' x .

      Hence we could cite instances ' of Countyrates in one county amounting to nearl y QOO . OOOJ . in the year , granted b y the Grand " Jury for bridges , of which a stone has never been laid ; for roads ;> which have never been opened—while we could , cite numerous instances of clergymen , who were prime political agitators , when agitation was a good feather in the Minister ' s wing , having , from 1 , 000 ? , to

      2 , 000 / , a-year in tithes , and making from 1 , 0007 . to 2 , 000 / . a-year by road-jobbing . The practice' with these pious Macadamisers was , as a matter of charity , . to employ the ablebodied labourers / in the dull season of winter , at fivepence per day , and then hot expending , upon the work to be performed , five per cent , of the amount granted : But who was to bring them to account ? THEIR PATRON .

      Then there was what was called Tithe Auc tions , where a day was set apart for putting up for sale the crops of the farmer and the widow , when tithes were payable . in kind ; and it was the practice of the p arson of the parish not to allow those auctions , to com mence until the Proctor announced , that the attendants WERE BRAVELY SOFTENED—which meant drunk _ with porter and whiskey , furnished by his " reverence . And ,

      if the farmer thought the bidding was too high for his ' tithe j it was knocked down to a Protestant yeoman , 'dressed' in his red jacket , as a badge of . supremacy and distinction ; and many a time and oft ,., we have , witnessed the blasphemous and disgusting ! scene of this privileged red-cdat digging every tenth rod of the poor widow ' s potatoes , which she had manured with grass picked from the roadside , and the droppings of cattle gathered from the fields .

      Well , then , let the British Minister hug himself as he may ; with the hope of governing Ireland by the enlightened philosophy of the age , and landlord nostrums , we tell him that these biUer insults are . the very , foundation of Irish hostility to British misrule , that they constitute the Irish character , and that hence an Irishman will cheerfully assist his bitterest enemy in resisting the English law * If a par son , in the olden ,. time , haeVdistraincd a Catholic ' s crops for tithe ,. and ; if '' that ; parson was threatened with any process of English law , the love of resistance ; based upon ; persecution , would at once convert the-Protestant ' s Catho *

      lie enemy into an anti-Saxon friend . And yet , in this age of progression , bur rulers can hit upon no means for destroying this long cherished animosi ty * Not so , however , when the pastors of their own State- Church complain even - of inconvenience . ' Oh , no ; the first act suggests . theVemedv—arid hence , when under the old system of taking tithe in kind , too many farmers took advantage of the . fine weather to carry their harvests , his Reverence found it inconvenient to obey the several

      simultaneous summonses , HE applied to Parliament through his Patron , and , as if by magic , an Act was . passed making it conspi racy for more-than three to serve his Reverence with notice to take his tithe in kind u ( ion the same day . Thus , if there were a hundred farmers in a parish , the carrying time should be spread over tbjrty-three days . of doubtful season , and hence- the farmers , trampled upon by the law , were compelled to pa y his Reverence in cash whatever amount he demanded as an equivalent for tithes ;

      Was . not this " one law for the rich and another for the poor ? " And does not this fact clearly proye , that any inconvenience complained of by the rich may be remedied by the law ' s magio , while genius can invent no correction , for the injustice suffered by the poor . Oh ! but says the Political Economist , the Irish peasant is better off than his ancestor who lived on roots and nestled half naked in a cave . So he is ; and . his Monarch is better off then when her ancestor sat upon a wooden chair , reclined upon rushes , and lived frugally in a palace that would now be condemned as unfit for her horses—nay , not a healthy kennel for her dogs . ' " •¦ ¦ ¦¦

      This change is based upon progression , and our answer . tothe economical apologist is that under the old system one-eighth of the papulation never before perished of want in a Softie year , nor d , d a sixteenth Of the population ever abandon their fatherland , leave their friends and relatives , and brave the dangers land Pt ^ " ylum in a £ 8 ? But why , says the Economist , talk about existingabuseswithout propoundingaremedy ? We do propound the remedy . As you make Jaws to coerce the people into the commission of wrong , make laws to coerce the landlords to the commission of right ; make laws to compel the landlords to give leases ini perpetuitv At *

      corn rent ; make laws—m the words of Sharman Crawford— " to make thei owner of the land , and the cultivator ot the soil part-nroprietors , and Ireland will cease to be vour difficulty ; your shipping will be too scant to bring the expatriated Irish back to their homes -you will hear no more of . Irish rebellion , sedition , or treason ; their place will be sup . plied by Irish industry , contentment , and peace . -

      . - ... King; Nonstable. That"Th~ Efe Ls...

      . - ... KING ; NONSTABLE . That"th ~ efe ls" < fb ^^ trio " ridiculous and -sublime ;"' was * * 'stereotyped quotation of TBE NAPOLEON ; and if he could how lqrjkftdhi the shades , ; and see the preparations for'the election of Ibis , successor , he would behold rtfhe most ludicrous realisation of his cherished iproverb . He would see the English special . constable of April last , who was then armed , not to resist ; a » rticipated' violence , but to -cow public opinion—an . opinion that sought to establish , right , ' not b y brute force , but through the expression . of united mind } an opinion from which was to spring iTTTvirt rm \ TC ' . rA « r . ir

      the anticipated , but not the realised , results of the French Constitution ; an opinion which was not directed against the stability of the throne , but against the dangers by which it is surrounded ; an opinion which sought not the destruction , but the renovation , of the veritable British ( Constitution ; an opinion which promised sustenance from Labour , and not luxury in idleness ; an opinion which was not the bubble of theoretically . excited enthusiasts , but the adopted conviction of thoughtful and reasoning men : he would see this RIDICULOUS phantom of excitement ready to accept the SUBLIME position of Napoleon the Second .

      Were it possible for thejfollies of one nation to be established as the standard of the intellect of another , we should be inclined to say , — " Perish , for ever perish—that hydraheaded monster , Universal Suffrage , if , the united mind of a civilised nation is capable of accepting such a governor—such a monitorand such a fop ! "' But we fallback upon our cherished proverb , and look upon it as the na ? tion ' s protector , that

      " THE PEOPLE ARE SELDOM WRONG , : i . AND NEVER LONG WRONG . " Every act of cruelty—every act of rigour ; of imbecility and barbarity , that has . been committed throughout the sanguinary revolutions'that'have ., so ' long raged . Jand are still raging upon the Continent , has . beenjexultingly paraded by the Press , and used-as a scarecrow to affright the timid , assuringitsreaders ¦ 'that the very-same results would follow were Chartism the law of the land .

      From the commencement of the French Revolution—nay , from the commencement Of our political career— -we have shown , that a sound constitution can be only based upon free discussion ^ upon open and advised speakjng ; and if the first important act under , the French Constitution should prove a failure and a folly , the result will be chargeable , not upon tbe weakness of the untutored mind oof YOUNG FRANCE , but up'tn the tyranny of its rulers , who Substituted brute force for public opinion , and stopped the current of thought until long pent up rage burst the barriers of , corruption ,

      and overwhelmed the reservoir of ignorance . We have told the working classes of England , that if they had established their Chartist principles in 1832 , before the mind of England was fully instructed in the value of those priuciples , and trained and disciplined in the proper use to be made of them , that we would have considered the Charter as a curse , rather tban a blessing . We have resisted that bit-by-bit system ; of Reform , whicn was but intended to lure the mind from . the pursuit of

      the great prize , because the acceptance of any , the most modified , measure by the people , when it fails , and when the people demand more ; is urged as proof of the instability of popular opinion ; and , therefore , our principal object has ever been to direct the whole thought of the Empire to the whole question of Reform , and ; the accomplishment of which can alone realise even , the progressive improvements , so pompously tendered as a substitute for the PEOPLE'S CHARTER .

      We have also contended against that principle of electing a President , ; which must ever tend to the derangement of society , the division of the empire into factions , and a continued struggle for individual pre-eminence instead of national ascendancy ; and , therefore , whether the head of the state be Monarch or President , we have contended for the election of that head for life , with a power in the body greater than the head which it has elected , and capable of deposing it upon just cause ; in fact , we care not who is upon , the throne , provided the power behind the throne , and which establishes and maintains the dignity of the throne , is greater than the throne itself . .. ¦ .

      A President elected for life , whose tenure of office depends upon his constitutional and impartial exercise of power , consults the national will ,. and not party caprice ; while the President elected for a ' short period weighs parties , balances their respective strength , panders to the prejudices of the strong , and canvasses numerical strength upon the acceptance of numerical caprice , as his fitness for office . Hence we find America at the present moment divided into the most rabid factions , the head of each not consulting public opinion —not consulting what line of policy would be best suited to the state , and calculated to insure its prosperity—but meanly cringirig ' . tb ' . the prevailing faiiatacism . . ' ..

      In our own Movement , ' we have always contended for the election of the Executive body by the Delegates of the pejple in Convention assembled ; with a power vested in the people to depose the Executive , but not to re-elect their successors . We have adopted . ' this principle upon the basis of justice , and . of prudence , Firstly , —The office entitles the officer to pay , and the several candidates canvas in'their several districts , basing their fitness upon ' the most rabid folly ; and being paramount in their own localities , no opponent dares to dispute their qualification , and hence no judgment can be formed of fitness by comparison .

      Secondly . —When officers are elected at the close of a sittings of Convention , they are selected for the business habits and talents they may have exhibited in the transaction of business . The representatives who elect them are presumed to be the representatives ' of the people , and therefore the power , ; of selecting their officers may be safely delegated to them , thus protecting the Movement against district faction fights , in which the seeds of deep-laid animosity are sown ^ and securing men of the most business habits , and for whose capability , integrity , and prudence , the delegates are

      responsible to their constituents . Nothing so much tended to the weakening of the Chartist cause in 1842 , and' the Lancashire trials of 1843 , as the circumstance to which we allude . The whole country , waskept in a continuous scene of bustle by this system of canvassing , and it required no small time to allay the angry feelings that were thus created . It has been said of poets , that they are always instable of mind , possessing but one idea , and incapable of performing any solid work . How truly this saying has been verified in the person of Lamartine , who based his

      constitution upon " Liberty , Equality , and Fraternity , '' sealed it with the " Kiss of Life , " and endorsed it with human blood . He was the God of the English Press , so long as his vacillating genius could be warped to English policy , but , like Charles Albert , when he failed he was a worn-out tool , and was thrown aside . This Lamartine says , " You are not omnipotent , the power of electing a president is not delegated to you ; one man may canvass his relatives in this Assembly , another may base his pretensions upon the promise of patronage ; while another may attempt to establish his right upon the name he bears . "

      This poet had not the solid brains to see that every one of these phantoms , which haunted him in the narrow chamber , would be magnified and multiplied into substantial monsters when the arena was extended to the limits of nationality . How many vptes would the English Special Constable have had in the Assembly ,, where in . tellect and business habits would have constituted the qualification of the candidate ? How

      . - ... King; Nonstable. That"Th~ Efe Ls...

      many will he not have now , jwhen capacity is merged in name and when fitness constitutes 'ho " * Temenn ^ irabid display of favour , will not that partisan-• ship , bo dreaded by Lamartine in its narrow sphere , be equally exhibited in ; its National phase . Will not the Prince Constable ehdea : vout to maintain , by folly and bombast , a posimonv will hA rnt . have now . iwhen capacity is

      tion which he . will only have acquired through ignorance , false hope , and enthusiasm for a name ? Yea , verily ; and « 1 though the whole period , from February to December , had been expended in tbe establishment of the most unassailable and unquestionable constitution , the very act Of placing Louis Napoleon at the head of that constitution would cause the fabric to crumble and fall , strong and permanent as it might have been with a proper head upon it .

      We may be answered , that the Assembly , operated upon by its fears , would have elected Cavaignac , as the English Parliament , operated upon by its fears , not only tolerated , but supported , a Russell Cabinet ; but to this we answer , that Cavaignac might have been deprived of his supremacy by the power which elected the Assembly that conferred that supremacy upon him . France may now be on the look-out for the result of its own folly ; for its people may rest assured that the election of the English

      Special Constable to the Presidency of the nation , will lead to a more bloody and sanguinary revolution than France has yet witnessed , and then the folly will be charged upon the people by the bit-and-bit Reformers . . , Then the French failure will be flashed in the face of English Chartism , all chargeable upon popular indiscretion and madness ; while , in the other case , it would have been chargeable upon the weakness and want of judgment of the Assem My , while popular prudence would be relied upon as a corrective .

      The National Land Company. , The Proceed...

      THE NATIONAL LAND COMPANY . , The proceedings of the late Conference of this bod y , arid its decisions , were so important , and . . both immediatel y and remotel y affected the interests of so large a portion of the industrial classes , that we have delayed any comment upon them until we had fully mastered their scope and bearing , and carefully . calculated . ' . j ; heir probable results . Perhaps no plan in , ^ modern times has been so violently assailed and denounced , or so hotly and zealously defended arid supported , as that of the National Land Company . To some ex tent ! this " makes it difficult to ' palss a dispassionate and perfectly impartial judgment upon

      the subject , because in an atmosphere of heated discussion it is impossible for any one entirely to escape the pervading influence , or to be moire or less biassed on one side or the other . For our own part , while we have never shared in the extreme anticipations of some of its more sanguine promoters ^ and have discerned in the distance numerous practical difficulties , both external and internal , we have , at the same time , clearly perceived the fallacy—not to say falsehood—of the popular accusations against it , ' and of the ignorant and unthinking condemnation passed upon it by persons whose sole knowledge of its nature , constitution ,-and objects was derived from the columns of journals , unscrupulously deyoted to calumniate and misrepresent it .

      - .. ; By these ' parties the Plan has never received a fair and candid examination upon its own merits . , It has , throughout , been associated with an extreme and an obnoxious political creed ; and a political chief who has the fortune or the misfortane to be unpopular with all those who fatteriupon labour , without , in any way , repaying the benefits they receive from the community at large . If from the very commencement a storm of misrepresentation had not thus been raised , and the Plan had been ' tried by practical tests , both as to its fundamental principles and leading objects , it would , we are certain , have been declared to be as sound in the first respect as it must be admitted to be benevolent in the second .

      Despite the speculative and mischievous theories of writers of books and pamphlets on Political Economy , the common practice and experience of all ' ages have shown that the soundest foundation for national wealth , prosperity , and contentment , is to be found in a wide diffusion ef landed property among the whole population , and the application of a preponderating amount of the labour of the conntry to the production of food and the raw materials of wealth . The neglect of this primary principle of sound Rational economy has mainly conduced to place this country in its

      present miserable and perilous position . The people have been , to a great extent , divorced from the soil , and their energies directed into the precarious and fluctuating pursuits of manufactures and . comirierce . The land has , in the meanwhile , fallen into the possession of a very , few families , and we may fairly say that the vast majority of the people are really and literally aliens in the land of their birth and recall the touching passage of Scripture , "The foxes have holes , and the birds of the air have nests , but the Son of Man hath not where to lay his head' ' of his own .

      ro remedy this great evil—to restore the equilibrium to the State machine—to reconstitute society more in accordance with those great natural and equitable laws , which are the only foundation and guarantee of national well-being—the originators of the National Land Company proposed their plan . The immediate object was , no doubt , to give land to the landless , labour to the unemployed , and an independent command over the decent comforts of life to the poor , by the free exercise of honest industry—but , if carried out to the full extent which the principle may , and must be , it will necessarily produce the result we have stated .

      That the machinery by which the object was sought to be attained , in tie first instance , was imperfect , and the calculations incorrect , may be readily admitted , without , in the slightest degree , invalidating its claims to public support . Where a plan is right in principle , and calculated to be beneficial in practice , these small details are of very minor importance , and such as increased experience is sure to give the means of rectifyingand of rectifying in the best and most effective

      manner , ¦ Such appears to us to present briefly the abstract case of the Land Company . Now for its actual history . Like many other plans for the elevation of the working classes , it lingered for some time with hut slight support . All at once , however , a mania—if we may so call it—seized upon tens of thousands of persons , who eagerly pressed forward to enrol themselves as shareholders . It was

      repeatedly stated , before tlie Select Committee , that the sudden increase of business completely overwhelmed the Directors , and rendered it almost impossible to keep pace with it . It is evident , too , that this added heavily to the responsibilities laid upon therh , and that if aiiy defects existed in the working machinery and minor details of the Company , it was sure to press heavily upon them , and aggravate materially ariy injury they were calculated to inflict .

      Ihe Directors , however , appear to have done their best to provide for this unexpected influx of shareholders , and Mr O'Connor , warmed into enthusiasm by the rapidity with which the shareholders increased and the funds poured into-the treasury , may be well excused for forgetting the fickleness of public opinion , and that it was possible the tide might ebb quite as ranidlv as it hail mt in

      12 L tn and-underailth 8 circumwMr ff ^^" * ^ ' 8 an u » e anticipations " t 18 J' 0 ]? 10 ? warran ^ he devoted his whole time to the Comp any-purchased estates wherever possible and made ' prospective engagements for others , upon the faith that the lirEf ? U ^ Jf continue to supply him rao / U * ' , 0 nhi 8 P ^ at aU events , there wae not , aad never has b « en , any reason for

      withhohiimr them . What tho fnmn ,... withholding them . What the Company re . - 3 uir ed from its member ^ what ' it " proposed tr > 6—the mode inlvhichilwas to be -done- ^ anir the practical operations' in which Mr O'Con * nor was engaged , from week to week— « * . all published , and weekly submitted to the gaze and the scrutiny of the whole country His confidence , too , had thia additional stimulus and justification—that , not withstanding a persevering and earnest attempt , on the part of systematic opponents of the Plan , to damatro '

      it and him in public estimation , the weekly income of the Company augmented instead of diminishing , and votes of unbounded confidencein his integrity and in the practicability 0 f the Plan , poured in from all quarters of the island . ° Under such auspices , Mr O'Connor applied to Parliament for a Bill to legalise the Cornpany ; and immediately upon ascertaining that before such a Bill was granted a scrutiny 0 f the Plan , and of the affairs of the ComDanir

      was desired by parties influential with the Go . vernment , lie at ] , ' once moved for a Select Committee of the House of Commons to in ., vestigate the whole matter . It is unnecessaryfor us to say more of that investigation than , this : that , after being , conducted in a spir it most hostile and unfair to Mr O'Connor and the Company by the Chairman—a well-paid Government official—after its accounts had , been subjected to a scrutiny , altogether unparalleled in

      Parliamentary annals—the Select Committee reported to the House in the most laudatory terms of the honesty and good faith by which the . whole of the transactions had been characterised—gave the lie to all the foul and dastardly charges made by the Press , and by individuals , against the personal honesty of Mr O'Connor , by showing that , besides the devotion of his time and money to the service of the Company , he had , in his his anxiety to forward its objects , actually advanced a large sum out of his own pocket to

      carry on its operations . The Committee pointed out the defects of the constitution of . the Society , as tested by the existing law of the land > ith reference to Joint-Stock Companies and Lottery Acts , and most favourably recommended Parliament to give the shareholders the opportunity of amending the constitution in such a way as to obtain the sanction of the law . Never was a more si gnal triumnh achieved but , strange to say , the people who , while

      thesctieme was reviled and calumniated , sent in their subscriptions at the rate of thousands a week , no sooner found that the Company had passed substantially unscathed through this severe ordeal , tban they began to dropoffthe thousands dwindled into hundreds—the hundreds into tens—and they thus took the most direct and certain method of proving the '' impracticability" of the plan , which had solong been prophesied by its enemies .

      These sudden and unaccountable alterations : of popular feeling are not uncommon , and must be submitted to by all who take part in publicaffairs ; nor is the National Land Company the only one now experiencing their injurious effect ? . There has been a still greater panic in the Railway Share Market . The shares of the most substantial and best established lines have been unsaleable at two-thirds and onehalf of their former prices . The Directors of

      all the principal companies have been compelled to come forward at last , and give what Mr O'Connor always has done—an open statement of the pecuniary and general position of their respective concerns ; and even with these en . forced financial accounts , and the postponement of every line for which Bills have been obtained , but not yet commenced , the market m still heavy , and a serious depreciation in that kind of property seems , for some time at least , to be probable .

      To return , however , to the history of the National Land Company , Upon receiving the triumphant verdict of acquittal from all the charges which had been brought against the pecuniary management of the Company , and ascertaining precisely what the legal objections were to its constitution and its financial calculations , Mr O'Connor took prompt and decisive steps , in conjunction with the Directors , to remedy the defects so pointed out . After consulting practical and experienced persons , a draft of alterations to bring the Company

      within the scope of the law , and ensure the fulfilment of its objects , was submitted to the members ; the Directors personally" visited them in various localities , in order that they might be fully discussed , and an opportunity afforded of giving the fullest explanations . A Conference was also called , at which the shareholders were fully and fairl y represented , to whose decision the whole question was submitted , and it is to the proceedings of that Conference we now wish especially to direct the attention of our readers .

      It will be remembered that the principal legal objection to the constitution of the Company urged by its opponents , was the Ballot for Allotments , which , it was alleged , brought it within the scope of the Lottery Acts . The Conference has obviated this objection by deciding , " That future locations of members shall be decided upon the principle that those whohave paid the highest amount into the funds of the Company shall be first located . " 'J his * while lawful , is at the same time so obviously just in itself , that it is needless to say one word in its support . In order to facilitate the

      location of poor members , who might otherwise be b y this regulation deprived of an earl y participation in the benefits guaranteed by the Company , a Loan Society has been established , to be enrolled under the Joint Stock Loan Societies Act , by which the requisite funds for paying up shares may be obtained upon equitable and mutually advantageous terms . In order further to accelerate as much as possible the location of the members , arrangements were also made for the establishment of a

      Bonus Fund , by means of which a person \ tho pays 1001 . bonus upon taking possession of an allotment , will receive interest at four per cent , on that sum , in the shape of diminished rent . That is , as the rental has beenvdecided by the Conference to be at the rate of four per cent , upon the outlay , if the allotment cost 300 J ., the allottee who pays 100 / . bonus , instead of paying Ul . a year and getting a lease ef ninety-nine years , will receive a conveyance of his property at a rent-chaiffe of 8 / . a vear . thus

      making it a freehold .- The superior position and the command of capital to meet the incidental demands of the first year or two whica this arrangement secures , must be apparent to all .,, Another great advantage , both present and deferred , was given to the shareholders by thefollowingreSolution ; - "Thattheamountpaidmto the funds of the Company , over and above the price of two , three , and four acres respectively , sha be placed to the credit of the members , and shall be employed in the liquidating of heir liabilities to the Company , and that the paidup capital or unlocated metebers shall bear interest

      at the rate ot four per ceni . per annum . " i . w . . ]"" fc ™ t » nd this arrangement , the shareholders are , in the first instance , guaranteed four per cent , upon their paid-up capital , while they . are unlocated ; which is much better interest than they can get in any Savings Bank And in the next place / that all rl « fI ^ - ? lb , eaPPlied to the liquida-SS ? a u ? liabilities ef those by S , ^ H * have ? P » - The » ext impwtant point to which the attention of the Conference was directed , was the time of location , ™ ™ b circumstances under which the allottff l fl- be Pe r T mitted to take possession of their holdings . Upon thia mhiLk * . rrPat

      S ncA . 0 / 0 ,, inion seem 8 to have prevailed , and Mr 0 Connor , with reference to the complaints trom different estates , forcibly observed at an earl y stage o / the proceedings , " That the occupants were located on the 1 st of May , m jUUnnorville-that was . a had season * they were located atLowbands in Augusttnat was a bad season . They were located at Minster March-that was a bad season ; and they were located at Snig ' s End in June , ana tnat was a bad season-and , therefore ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1848, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_25111848/page/4/