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Northern Star (1837-1852), 23rd December 1848, Edition 2 of 3, Page 3

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      December S3, 1348. T H E N Or T H Er Ft ...

      December S 3 , 1348 . T H E N OR T H ER ft STAR . $ i - - '"" ~ " " '"' —* ' ' '""" ¦ ' ¦ - ¦¦ ¦ — ¦— - ^ ' - ¦ ¦¦ j ¦ " - ^ — . — ,

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      Wreath I. ^ "We Bring A Spirit Of Sadnes...

      Wreath I . ^ "We bring a spirit of sadness to what , under happier ttrCTmstances , would have been tbe pleasing task of preparing our usual Christina * Garland . How can we consistently offer to oar readers ' the compliments of the season , ' when we feel that such compliments would hut mock their misery ? ' A Merry Christmas ! ' Ay , merry enough for the well-fed , Well-clad , well-housed idlers of society ; but not so merry for those who , hungry and faint , shiver

      through the streets of our cities seeking employment , but seeking in vain . ' Merry , * Christmas may be to those who hold revelry in mansion and castle ; but not so merry to those who , cowering over a tireless hearth , feel their usual pmchings and ranings aggravated by the knowledge that the SOUS and daughters of privilege are indulging iomore than ordinary luxury , profusion , and waste . Christ , mas may bring festivity to the hall of Dives , bnt brings no mirth to the hut of Lazarus .

      And to some — not a few — of our readers this Christmas will be a time of terrible and more than ordinary suffering , and to all our readers a time of sorrow . Is it demanded why so ? We answer , behold the victims of Whiggery in the dungeons ot this metropolis , and in those of York and Lancashire . And when in your' mind ' s eye' you have seen Ernest Jones and his fellow sufferers in Tothill-fields prison—Shaw and his fellow sufferer in Newgate—Cuffay and his fellow victims in Milbank Penitentiary—M'Douall and his fellow-sufferers in Kirkdale cells , —when you have reflected on the misery of those men , their weariness of heart , their

      prostration of mind , their sickness of body , the pains they suffer , and the anxieties oa account of their families , which must beset them night and day—then turn to the homes of those families and see the wife mourning for her husband , the children pining for their father — see want and woe where should be plenty and joy , —see hunger where there should be feasting , and tears where there should be smiles—and then « y whether it would not be a mockery of the sorrows of the victims of "Wbiggery— . the victims in and out of prison—to wish them a' Merry Christmas ; ' or bid them look forward to a' Happy New Year . '

      Since the above sentences were written , information has reached us of the * conviction' of those pure « hearted and talented patriots , John West , James Leach , George White , and several others not so well known to fame , but we believe equally deserving the sympathy of their order . Think of their families , [ brethren , and do more than , think ; act , to save them from destitution , It is long since we saw anything worth quoting in the pages of Punch—now a miserable carricature of its former self ; we were , therefore , rather surprised to find the following lines , suggested by the late West Riding election , in that publication of Saturday last .

      A TRIFLE FROM BRIGHTON . I took tbe train to Brighton —! walked , betide the sea , And thirty thousand Loa 4 oa » rs were there along with tae . Wa crowded every lodging ' , and we lumbered" each betel , Sniff'd the briny for an appetite , and diaed extremal ; well . The Cliff ft shows I & e Brgent Street come down for the sea air ; Not in Hyde Park's self da ladles more becoming bon .

      nets wear ; In enchanted' upper circles * one seems to move about , "Wten the sunshine brings the flies aad private eqoipagei oat , ToBrighton tbe Pavilion lends alath . and . plaiter gracefit shrine for fittest God of this pleasant watering jlace ; Ani sgalcst the show and shallowness , tbe vanity sni glee , With his hollo ir , hushless murmur , cemes up tbe solemn Sea .

      I sat there in the Bedford , and la tha Tikes I read 0- the West Biding Canvass , and a thenght came in my bead : How England ' s one Great Brighton—we ail so rich and e « y . While at cur feet and in osr face a sea comes up alway . Our wealth Is vat * , our gains grow fast , we are dealers fair and free ; Our goods tempt every ratrket , our ships pliugh every seaj Oar lords are great , our traders true , oar priests good men and grave ; Oar women fair , cur sailors staunch , our soldiers blunt and breve .

      Wa have a brilliant lot for some , a bustling lot for all ; Oar hold on life ssezassi & nfal , oar fear of evil small ; Bat underneath this surface , with all its strength and shine , The hoans and hcaviogsea of toll doth chafe , and moan , and mine . Tot I saw heir in that Cantata , were it Wfclg or wsre It Tory That talked to the Electors , it was always the aame story : Wcato ' er the hustings said fa praise , or islf-coagratalation , Produced a comment from the crowd of aught but approbation . It was Capital a-preacblag . out of plump and prosperous

      men , Asd Labour ' s hundred hungry throats refusing their Amen : * "Whsn Riches mentioned * Industry , ' B « gi answered with 'Dispalr , * Aad Fustian rapp'd a cures oat , when Broadcloth talked ofprajer , I dropped the Teas to look upon the CL'ff with all its life , And that stem sea , that now ' gta curl its white waves as for strife—And I felt to sets : for appetite from thettlny , ' twas in Tain , And so took mj plats for London bj th * earliest fast train .

      How long will the ocean waves of Democracy be content to ' chafe' and ' moan ? ' When will the almighty waters pass over and cleanse the pestiferous soil of the land of Privilege ? There is one consolation—the sea of hnman misery mines while it moans ! Think of that , ye ' Sjntlemenof England Who live at borne at ease !' Ye may say' after us the deluge , ' but unless you are . utterly indifferent to the happiness of your children , you will put from you any such selfish

      reflection , and will forthwith set about taking the necessary means to prevent that deluge . Do you say' our soldiers , our policemen , our spies , our lawyers , our judges and our jurors , are the means we depend on to protect us from the inundation of revolutions . '—Then be assured , you or yours , perhaps both , will suffer thejust penalties of your wilful blindness . In the language of Volney terrible cataitrophes will remind you that the laws of nature and the precepts of wisdom and truth , cannot be trampled npon in vain .

      The inmates of our workhouses , as well as the sufferers in our prisons , claim a word Of sympathy . That sympathy we shall best give expression to by reprinting the following admirable protest against the oppression of those whose poverty is their

      crime . THE POOR HOUSE . BT . BiXfcT . CORKWi . tr , . Close at the e ? ge of a busy town , A huge quadrangular mansion staads ; Ita rooas are £ led with parish poor ; Its sails ere fcntlt by pauper handa ; And the pauper old ani the pauper young Peer oa :, through the gates , ia sullen band } . BeVu *< 5 , is b patch of eartb , by thorns JacCid in from the meex ' s wide marshy plains ; By tbe side , is a gloomy lsne , that steals To a qusrry now filled with years of rains : But within , within ! There Poverty scowls , Cursing la wrath her brood of pains .

      Enter and look ! In the high-walled yards Fierce men are pacing tile barren ground : Enter tha long bare chambers : —girls And women are sewing , without a sound ; Sewing from dawn till the dismal eve , Aad aot a laugh or a song goes rousd . Ho coajmonUn— no kin * thought Dwells in the pauper ' s breast of care ; Uothicg bat pain in the grievous past ; Kithlag to corns bat the black despair—Of bread in ptisoa , bereft of friends , Or hunger , cut in the open air ! Where is the bright-haired girl , that snee With her peassnt sire was used to play ! "Where is the boy whom his mother blessed , WeoBO ey »« were a Hgbt oa her weary way J Apart—barred out ( so tho law ordilns );

      Barred oat from each o ' . twr by night and by day . Letters they teach In their infant t cheols ; Bat where are the lessons of great did taught ! Lessoms that child to the parent bind—Habits of datj—love anboaghtJ jUs « J sma'J e ooi wUI ta l **" ** tdi 0 ° White Nature Is trampled and tarned to nought . Seventeen summers , and where the girl Who never grew op at her father ' s inee ? Twenty aatamaal storms have nursed The pauper ' s boyhood , and where la he ! She eareetb . her bread ia the midnight lanes : He toUethie , chains by the Southern Sea .

      Wreath I. ^ "We Bring A Spirit Of Sadnes...

      0 Power ! 0 Pradeaos . ' Law I—look daws From jour heights on the ptalsg poor below ! 0 sevsr not hearts which God hath joined Together oa earth , for weal aad woe ! 0 Senators grave , truths may be , Which jehavenotlearaed , dr deigned to know 0 Wealth , come forth with an open hand ! 0 Charity , apeak with a sef ter soand ! Yield pity t » Age—to tender Youth—To Love , wherever ita home be found ! But I cease , —tot I hear , in the night to come , The cannon ' s blast and the rebel drum , Shaking the firm . iBt English grouad ! We quit the painful subject of human misery , and turn to the more grateful labour of transferring from our scrap-book a few items , descriptive of old customs and pastimes at this season .

      THB ttktX OF TUTS . , According to Precopius , Christmas was originally no other than the Gothic feast of Yule er M , celebrated professedly fa honour of Thor , the son of Odin , answering to the Dietpiter or Jupiter of the Romans , bat really in honour of the sun at the winter solstice . Among tbe northern nations , this festival was the great season of sacrifice , and the Dints seem to bare { nmofeted hamsa victims on the alMtl of their atltlsa . The Ootha used to sacrifice a boar ; for this animal , like tae horse among the Petelam , was , according to their mythology sacred to the sun . The bear was the Tjphoo . of tha Egyptian ! , the implacable enamy of Osiris , the tun , who , under his Syrian appellation of Thammur , was an-Matty « lainby this baast .

      Boar ' s head was the grand dish on the tables of our forefathers on Christmas Day . Aubrey , who wrote in 1686 , speaks , be it observed , of the general customs as extinct before his time ; ' Before the last civil wars , iu gentlemen ' s houses at Christmas , the first dish that was brought to the table , was a boar ' s head with a lemon in its mouth . '

      XOKTSIB * CUSTOMS . It ts customary among the peasants in the northern parts ot the Cjntiu ; nt to make bread daring Christmas in tbe form of a boar pig , which they place upon the table with other dlahea ; expoaiagit , as a good omen , the whole of in « feast , Tney call this bread JulagaU , and sometimes SutuuggaUr , because it was dedicated to the san . According to northern mythology the boar was the favorite dish of their immortallaed heroes . Among the Gothic ussgea of Jul or Yule , it may be mentioned that it was alls customary , especially in Sweden , for different families to assemble in one village , asd to br ing with them meat and drink for the celebration of the feast ; the same was observed when there was a general concourse to the place where one of their templet stood ; and this was probably the origin of the custom still maintained among uf , of relations and friends feaating at each othei ' s houses at this time .

      Here is an account of an iWCIERT CCOTTItH CUSTOM . In some parts of Scotland , he who first opens the door on Yule Diy , expects to prosper mora than any other member ot the family , daring the future year , because , as the vulgar express it , 'Ha lets ia Yale . ' Oa opening the door , it is customary with some , to place in the door-way % table or chair covered with a clean cloth ; and , according to their own language , to * Set on it bread aud cheeie to Tale . ' Early in the morning , as

      soon as any one of the family gets out of bed , a new besom Is set behind the outer dear , tbe design beisg to Met in Yule . ' Thete superstitions , in which Yule ia aot only personified , but treated as a deity , are evidently of Heathen origin . It is also common to have a table cavered in tha house , from morning nntil evening , with bread and drink upon it . that evtry ene who calls may take a portloa , and it is considered particularly inauspicious If any ene comes into a house and leaves It without participation . Whatever number of persons call on this day . all most partake of tbe good cheer .

      We believe we mty safely assert that no vestige of this custom exists in Scotland now—Galvanism has banished Christmas . It is true our canny friends make some amends for their neglect of this festival , by their festive observance of Hogmanay and New Year ' s Day . From the North to the South . Here is a no tbe of .

      CHSISTHiS Ki STIRS AT VEXICS , Amongst the customs observed on Christmas Eve , tbe Yenetians eat a kind of pottage , which they call torta de latagne , composed of oil , onions , paire , parsley , pine nuts , raisins , eirrants , and candied orange-peel . A writer of the sixteenth century , gives the following description of .

      THE HOMERS . First of all , the wild beads of the parish , flocking together , choose them a grand Captain of Mischief , whom they innoble with the title of Lard Miirule : and then they crown him with great solemnity , and adopt him for their kieg . This kisg anointed , chooseth forth twenty , forty , threescore , or an handred lusty bullies like himself , te wait upoa his lord's majesty , and to guard bis noble person . Then every one cf these men he investeth with hii liveries of green , yeUaw , or tome other light colour , and as though thty were cot gaudy enough , they can bedeck themsslves with scuffs , ribboas , sod laces ,

      bnegal ) over with gold riagf , pr « cfena stones , and other jewels . This done , they tie about either leg twenty or forty bells , have rich basdkerchl « fs in their hands , and some laid serosa ove-r their necks and shoulders . Thus all things set In order , then have they their hobby homs , dragons , aad other antiques . And for the farther innobling of this hoaenrable Lord of Misrule and his accomplices , soma of tbe p : ople give bread , acme ale , some new cheese , some old cheese , some custarda , some cracknel ? , some cakes , some flauns , seme tarts , some cream , some meat , some one thing , andsonean . ether .

      Mummers still play their antics in some parts of the country , principally we believe in the West of England , but their ancient glory' has vanished with the long ago . ' The custom of singing Christmas Caro ' s still lingers even in this most unpoetical metropolis . Formerly even Royalty patronised

      CHBlVTSUs csaow . Henry TIL . in the third-year of his reign , kept his Christmas at Greenwich , on which occasion severalcarola nsed to be sung by gentlemen ot the king ' s chapel . The earliest collection of Christmas carols supposed to have been published , is only known from the last leaf of a volume printed by Wyaken de Worde in 1521 . Or Rswlltu 800 , 10 wbess posjesiioa it was for maay years , bequeathed it to the Bodleiaa Library . The custom of siogiag carols at Christmas prevails in Ireland to tbe present time . In Scotland , where no church feasts have

      been kept since the days of John Knox , the custom isxmkaown . In Wales , it is still preserved to a greater « xtent , perhaps , than in Eogland : at a former period , tbe Welih had carols adapted to most ef the ecclesiastical festivals , and tho four seasons of the year ; bnt in our times they are limited to that of Christmas . After the turn ef Midnight at Christmas-eve , service is performed in the churches , followed by the sieging of carols to the harp . Whilst tbe Christmas holidays continue , they are sung in like manner in tbe houses ; and thete are carols especially adapted to bo sung at the doors of the houses by visitors before they enter .

      In a former Garland , we gave an account of the tcassai ^ ootcf . We now add the following note : —

      W 1 SSUL . Tbe aalntatloa terns fccel . or * health to you , ' is the ori . gla of this word . In tke progress of time it came to be the name given to a bowl of spiced ale . ' Tbe watnalls , ' says Stratt , ' are now quite obsolete : it seems , however , that fifty ysars back foms ycsiige * of them were remaining in Cornwall ; but the time of their performance was chasged to Twelfth Diy . ' Tha eve of this day in Yorkshire , iu tho last century , was called Was ? ail Eve ' frem tbe use of the wassail bowl , a preparation oi spiced ale . We shall best follow up this glance at old customs , and old times , by finding a place for the [ following melody , from the pen of an eminent writer well known in the north of England .

      WfiBK THIS OLD CAP WAS SEff . ' When this old cap was new , ( Ok ! well I mind that' when' ) Old Eogland , now so ead , Was ' Merry EnglsnV then . Her foes wera in the mire ; Her men were leal and true ; And blithe were English aongs When this eld cap was new . When this old cap was new , We reaped tbe golden grain , And brought it home with jay . Along toe yellow plats . And gaily foam'd the al *—For what should make us rue ! J 7 » malr-tar' baxr'd the bon I , When this old cap was now I

      When this old cap was new , The old sat in tbe san : And blithe were still their looks , Because their work was done J Thegrandsire ' s snow-white locks Had then all honour due ; For * children' then , ' were pearls , ' When this old cap was new . When this old cap was sew , Ko * factories' could enslave ; No motuers then wept o ' er Their children ' s living grave . The lojm was plied at home ; And as the woof it grew , The greater waa'd the j » y , When this old cap was new . Few caps must follow old ;

      Yet bless oar country ' s name And may wa live to cure Her present woe and shame ; Oar ancient rights restore , Oar hellish foes snbdae , And make tbeo what they were , When this old cap was new .

      Wreath I. ^ "We Bring A Spirit Of Sadnes...

      Of-course our readers will look for a Christmas story . The one we are about to give tells neither of ghosts nor of goblins , but of the stem realities of life . We leave to others to narrate the doings of the great and the revelries of the fortunate—tee select a leaf from 'the short and simple annals of the poor . '

      DATIS AND VIOLETS . The winter of 1838 was very severe—the ' poor still shiver at its remembrance ; prolonged far beyond its ordinary limits , there was Utile Save the increasing length of the days to give token of the progress of the seasons . The mow lay on tbe ground in April , and 'the pleating breath of spring' gave way to tbe cold blast of the bitter north-east wind . It was in this ungenlal season that a Moorish vender oi dates , aad a tittle csuatty gltl who offered violets for ale , took up their station at the foot of the bridge which leads from the Place Ljuls-Qalnzj to the Chamber of Deputies . The Sweet flowers had pat forth their tender blossoms despite the snow and wind , but where they grew I cannot guess . But flowers , fruits , and vegetables , can be procured at all seasons ; how thia is managed ia a mystery , and I verily believe more plne-applea are grown in Paris than ia Ifarttn ' que ,

      The Meor was an old man ; be was a native of Mascara , in the territory of Algiers , where he had been established as a tanner , and manufactured that kind oi red and brorzs . coloured leather used by sword-cutlers for the aheaths and scabbards of daggers and sabre ? . This commodity is highly valued in tbe Bast ; and its preparation requiring conaWerabls skill and address , those who excel in it are held in much esteem ; our date-merchant had been distinguished for the superiority of his goods , Hia reputation was established , and his fortune waa made , when the French dismantled Mascara ; and burnt it . The tanoer was ruined ; they get fire to his workshops , aad made saddles of his-finest leather ; Ms w ' . t * fcu by their bayonets , and his daughter perished in the flames that consumed hia building;—hla wife ; who waa called'The Moon ; 'his daughter , 'The Little Rasp , berry , '—a beautiful name in Arabic , tbeugh it sounds strange in a translation .

      ' The poor taoner had much to endure . As an indem . nificatlon , he was invested with the rank of a French cltiien , and enrolled in a kind of National Guard ; and wltn the ruins of Ms b ouse they built a cafe , where , after the fashion of Paris , they drank beer , and played at dominoes . He went to Algiers , to lay his complaint before the governor , who protested that it was net in his power to prevent the vanqulahed from starving ; and yet Wa talk of barbarians , and call ourselves civilised . The tanner of Mascara was gracloutly paroaltted to repair te France—that g » nerous France who opens her arms to all who are detirous of perishing with hanger , it > the walks of commerce , the art- , or literature— but especially in literature .

      In this hospitable country , the poor native of the East suffered terribly from eold , which penetrated his light garments ; tha unhappy man had chosen Paris for hia abode . Ha spokt , but ao one understood him ; be wept , aad they comprehended him still lets . He passed whole days at the corner of the Bourse , which he , in his aim . plicity , took for a Catholic mosque . He concluded , therefore , that those who repaired thither could aotfati te be charitable , for charity , says Mahomet , is a holy dew—itiseatiiy soatterel abroad , and produces a rich harvest , Tbe oaly dew thtt deacetfded on the Oriental

      was that of the Parisian sky—no stock . sroker dropped evea a sous into bia palm . ' The camels endure hunger longer than I have , ' said the tanner , ' let me draw my girdle closer . ' He tightened his bait , and thought on his wife whom they called The Moon , ' and of his dsughter , ' The tittle Raspberry . ' But tbe time came at last when no alternative was left , but to eat , to die , or to reb . Sitting on his heels , after the Eai tern fashion , the Moor suffered a melancholy smile to pass over hla count ? nsnoe . ' I must die , ' he said ; ' God keeps tbe account of our actlont . '

      We shall soon learn the fate of the poor tanner . Nantsrre is a vary pretty , delightful little village between Paris and St Germaln . en . Laye ; it is there that the more fortunate inhabitants of tha city repair to refreah themaalvcs with the pure air of spriag , after tho fatigues and the excesses of tha long winter evenings . Here tbe little aelkr ot violets of whom we hare spokes , was born ; ber father worked ia a vineyard , and her mother ( when the eaald find a purchaser ) Bold cakes at the entrance of the Park of St Cioaa . These two oeoapatlons put together scarcely sufficed to pay the rent of their cottage , and purchase their daily bread .

      When the little girl began to get bigger—that is to say , when she was almost three feet high—they put a bonnet oa her bead , sabots on her feet , and six bunches of violets in her hands , and said , 'Tonmust walk three leagues every moralog , aad Sell these violets la the streets of Paris . ' H < r parents were gettmg old , their sight was failing , and their limbs were feeble . She moat see and walk for them , and she waa csntented to do it . Poor little gltl 1 beautiful as summer , fair as the patron saint ef Naoterro , who led her sheep ta the water . broohs / spinning as she went !—she toi- 'ed painfully every day six long leagues , to bring home lis eeui . But her father was now ill In bed , and her mother sat ill iu her chair ; she must , nevertheless , go to Psrls , through terrible roads , ocuan of mud , and showen of soow .

      The < e she was at her post , at the foot of tbe bridge of tbe Chamber of Deputies , where so many chariots with emblazoned panels—so many rich men , drawn by four sleek , well-fed horses , swept along . She held six bunches of violets in h » r hand—sweet child ! She offered them , after shaking off the snow , to all who passed ; but no one wonld purchase them—no , aot one , Sae bad been there from six in tbe morning , and it was now near mid-day . The tanner of Mascara was not dead ; he had met , by an extraordinary chance with a remarkably generous man who had made him a present of a basket , a cord to string it with , and three pounds of dates . With this stock he essayed his fortune . 'Dates , dates , real Tafiiat dates ! ' he cried . Tbe first day be sold eight dates , the stcond three ; tha third day , that on which he cried hla dates at the foot of tbe bridge of tbe Chamber of Dapnties , be had not sold one , and they were now wetted by tbe rain , and soiled with mud .

      The little violet merchant , who had sold no more than the vender of dates , grew blue , aad shivered with cold . The Moor took off his turban , and unrolled it , and said—or rather be said nothing . The poor child wrapped the muslin round her shoulders . ' Dates ! dates ! real Tafiiat dates >' ' Violets , ladies!—pray , buy my violets . * Still no purchaser . Three o ' clock struck , and the cold descended to ( he eighteenth degree ; and neither one nor thejother had eaten anything that day . Some charitable persona laughed as they went by at seeing a Turk without a turban .

      At four o ' clock tbe little girl's heart failed her ; she leaned npon the parapet of tbe bridge , The Moor then went towards ber and said , ' How do you sell your violets , mademoiselle V ' Six sous tbe six bundles , ' she replied ; T » ke and eat theae ten dates—half of what I b & YB left—and give me two bundles of violets in ex . cbanga . ' By this means ibe child ef nature breakfasted . The Oriental ate nothing ; he had not yet fasted more than two davs . Thus it was that misfortune united the misery of the Weet with the misery ef the East—the flowers and the dates . At aantet the cold was so intense as to aink the thermometer twenty-one degrees below the freezing point . Showing hia white teeth , the tann r smiled as he looked up to heaven . The child had fallen asleep at tbe foot of the bridge .

      ' She aleepa , ' thought he , ' end the is as beautiful as my ' Little Rsspberry . ' Lit her sleep on , 1 Dates ! dates ' . teal Tafiiat dates 1 ' Paris was lighted up . It was splendid ; it glittered beneath the dark sky , as if nnder the arcbeJ roof oi a mine , People went to balls , to tho opera , the cafes , and the restaurants , where they ate apricots at forty francs the plate . In his turn the Moor felt the influence of sleep ; he yielded to it the more readily as now there was little chance of selling asy of bis dates . It was seven o ' clock and the thermemeter had sunk twenty-one degrees . It was a good thought before he slept to draw near to the child , that he might warm her with the sort of burnoose which the glorious conqaest of tbe French had spared him .

      He kept one part , aud threw tha other ever the pretty little violet merchant . They are still asleep ! We imagine the abo ^ e tragical story—which , once read , will not soon he forgotten—to be a translation from the French . We have no knowledge of the name of the author . The story ot the poor , sweet violet-seller , reminds us of the following lines on a like subject , by the honourable member for Pontefract : —

      THB TTOLET GIRL . BT S . HO . VCSTON UUHEB , ESQ ., H . P , When fancy will cqntlaoally rehearse Some painful scene occe pleasant to the eye , 'lis well to mould it into gentle verse , That It may lighter ca the spirit lie . Home jestern eve I wearily returned , Though bright my morning mood and short my way Bnt sad experience in ene moment earned , Can crush the heap'd enjoyments of tbe day , Passing tho corner of a populous street , I marked a girl whose wont It was to stand . With pallid cheek , torn gown , and naked feot , And bunches of fresh violets in each band . There her small commerce in the wintry weather , She plied with accents miserably mild ; It was a frightful thought to set toga h : r Those blooming blossoms and that fading chUd . Those luxuries audlargeia of the earth ,

      Beauty and pleasure to tbe sense ef man , And this poor torry weed cast loosely forth On Life's wild waste to struggle at it can t To me that odorous purple ministers ' Hope-bearfag memories and inspiring glee , Waile mscne-stimflgsa alone are hers . The sordid wants of base humanity .

      Wreath I. ^ "We Bring A Spirit Of Sadnes...

      Think after all this lapse of hungry hours , Io the diifarnish'd chamber of dim eold , Hoar she must loathe the very smiling flowers That en the squalid table He unsold ! Best on your woodland banks and wither there , Sw ^ etpreludersofsprihgl far bflttr so , ' , Than llvemliusedto fill the grasp of care , And serve the piteous purpoieof woe , Te are no longer Nature ' s gracious gift , Yourselves so much and harbingers of more , But a mos t bitter Irony to lift , Tha von that hides oar vilest mortal sera . The members of the Land Company will find the following song suitable for their festivals ;—

      THB FBEB ENGLISH WORKING MAN . BT BBWIH SIM ,, ( Air , "Bi Old Engiith QeniUman . ' ) I'll sing you a jovial song that was mads at a recent date , Of a careful Eagliah artlian , who bought his owa eg . tate , ;; ° That onoe belonged to a spendthrift lord , who wealthy waa and great , But whe became a ruined prodigal , aad merited his fate .

      Like many of the aristocracy of the present lime . Now this artlian he saved his pence , and so did many more , ¦ And the lord ' s estate was purchased by the savings ol the poor , . . , ? ,. Allotted out ia parcels small , of acres not more than four A cottage baUt-whioh a castle is , when once is abut the door , Por a free-born English workiag manin tho present

      Now this artisan he left the town for healthy air and fleWs , ' And catefully he tills the ground , and well the spade he wlells , And bonuteoas nature for kis toils hor blessing freely jiel's ; And Industry and Providence ' gainst slavery are the shields For all free . born English workiag men In the present time .

      At early morn his children rise with healthy , rosy cheek , And lightly o'er the deity grata , their father anxious seek ; Whilst in his ears the Innocents their artless tales do speak , Go aafc , if in the town again a slave he'd be a week t Not he , tha free-born Englishman , one of the present time .

      When the aun has sunk behind the hills , aad darknsta shroud ' s tbe earth , He to his cheerful cottage goes where all is joy and mirth ; A n & poj wife then welcomes him , and plenty on the hearth , Bespeaks aloud his happiness , and tells of land the worth To a free-born English working man , one of the pre-, sent time .

      The has ? and hireling Press-gang crew may try to hurt tbe plan ; And worthless idlers envious look upon the working man , la vain , for oh 1 with gratitode . until life ' s latest span , His blessings and his prayers will be for the founder of the plan , That made him a free bold Englishman , one of the present time , tfow surely thia ts better far than all the vain parade , Of gaols and barillas , Gagging Bills , aud all that can be said In praiae of Bmlgratien ;—then take up the new trade , And make each Briton once more free , with his birth , right and the apads , As industrious working man shonld he in every age and clime .

      Old England then for evermore might banish war ' s alarms , Her national defeace would be in each sturdy Briton ' s arms ; For beauty , home , and fatherland , each manly bosom warms ; While plenty , peace , and happiness , all discontent dla . aims , From the minds of trua-bom Englishmen in tbe com . log tlrao .

      Ftebtelo*

      ftebtelo *

      Memoirs Op Citizen Caussidiere, Ex-Prefe...

      MEMOIRS OP CITIZEN CAUSSIDIERE , Ex-Prefect of Police and Representative of the People . London : R , Bentley , New Burlington Street .

      [ Third and concluding notice . ] We concluded our extracts in last Saturday ' s Star with an account of the invasion of the Assembly on the 15 th ot May . Commenting on that affair , Citizen Caussidiere observes : — 'There are the prisoners of Vincennes to explain their acts and their intentions . ' He significantly adds : — « Perhaps , as one of them has said , some personages who are not at Vincennes , will play an unforeseen part in the trial !' Of one of the prominent prisoners of Vincennes , we are told , that « Those who ' are not acquainted with Sobrier , regard him as a bloodthirsty and a dangerous man , . He is nothing of the kind , Sobrier is a man of mild and impressible character —impassioned in his opinions , and , perhaps , too easily swayed by the impulse of the moment . He is a true friend of the unfortunate ; his heart and his purse were always open to their necessities . '

      We quote the following from Citizen Caussidiere ' s comments on

      rATAI , SiXS OF JOKE . What invincible courage was there not displayed in those three days ? And yet the insurgents acted upon no organised plan , had no leaders to guide them . Tho people , deceived aad beholding unabated misery at their firesides , threw themselves into this Insurrection of despair . Whilst they were accused ef pillage and Incendiarism , their fhga bore for their inscription , ' Respect poraons aad property , death to thtvretl' and they fought only for the realisation of a Democratic and Social Bepnblio , Wherever they gained the upper hand they carried themselves with prudence and moderation , Their basner waa not soiled by any act of dishonesty . They defended their rights even without the aid of the counsels of their

      elders ia insurrection , whom they had not even made acquainted with their projects . They had intrenched themselves strongly , and they fought valiantly ; hut what proves the absence ef any organised system , is the fact , that many workmen hesitated how toprooted , and did not join the revolt . Again , no line ot commaulcatfon had feces established between the different quartim . There was so ensemble , The insurgents barriosded themselves , each in their own distrlcta , Instead of eatablishisg their head . qaarters at some central potnt of the city , so as to enable them to branch out in all directions , The chief point , when an insurrection is miditated , should be to gala ground , and to penetrate into the very heart of the enemy . Aa long as it remains within its primitive limits It is sure to be annihilated ; its chief means of success 11 a in the extension of its operation ? .

      It ehould always Intercept the Boulevards and the quays , tp prevent the advance of the military , end keep outposts to scour the outward Boulevards that surround Paris . I shall abstain from sptaklng of practical measures , lost it should be said I am giving advice to bs acted upon oh a future occasion . Thia civil warfare astounded the Assembly , and especially the members of the Mountain . It waa in the hall of the Assembly that I was fin t informed , that ihe temper of the public mind , which had agitated Paris for lomo days past , had tek . 'U the shape ef an outbreak , for I no looRor lived in the centre of tbe city , but had withdrawn to the hease of a friend near tbe Barriers de l'Ktolle , to accelerate my convalescence , and te devote myaeif to the study of certain questions which I had purposed brtagicg forward , I was aot , therefore , auc & urant ofwhat was going on .

      Nevertheless , I was greatly surprised at not having received any i - . formation on the subject . I questioned such of my friends aa I thought likely to be well in . formed , bnt like myself they knew nothing , and were lost In conjecture . The day and evening of Friday were passed in the most painful aaslety . Versions meat unfavourable to the Insurgents were circulated in the Assembl y , and CM . lumnies wsloh originated outside were exaggerated a hundrad-fold within . I offered to go to the Insurgents , with come friends of tho ptople , to hear their complaints , and , if possible , to quiet them , I , however , deotaadel a written warrant to that effect . Such a step was otherwise impossible . My offer was rejected . On the Saturday morning the disorder had Increased ; tho assembly was scarcel y guarded by the troops of the line , who were dijtoted and worn out by fatigue .

      It waa reported that tbe inaarraotion was gaining ground , that the Faubourg St Aateioe was in poiseBsioa of many phcea of artillery , aid that the insurgents kept their ground on the left back of tke Seine , fear was le-glbly written on the white OQUutmnoea of » a » y . . It was even proposed to remove the sittings ef the Assisahly outside of Paris 1 M . Paio * l Daprat nqalrcd that the city should be declared in a state of siege ! We energetically protested against each a step , and for a moment I feared a conflict would ensue within the walls of the Anembly betwean the Mountain and < h « reactionists , Tho alttltig waa suspended . I was than informed that the insurgeats had selected tae for their leader , and that my name was their rallying word .

      I replied , that if I had commanded and organised tbe insurrection , I ahould at that moment have been In tht midst of the inaorgents , and not ia the midst of their enemies . . And , forsooth , besides the oowardloaof such oa aot towards tbe people , would K not have been msa *

      Memoirs Op Citizen Caussidiere, Ex-Prefe...

      nets to have thns placed myself u the power of those whom I shonld have caused to be attacked ? If I bad been Io communication with the iniurgents , should I not oa the Saturday have persuaded them to make an attack on the Assembl y , and to seiaaupon the members ef the government and tho representatives of reaction ? I do not mean this as a justification the injustice of my enemies prevents me from attempting any such Wing . As regards the people , as I have said before , if I had acted in concert with them , they would have beheld mo upon the barricades , and I should hare died there sooner , than cede aninoh of ground , • • . . •• # The results of the victory of reaction in those fatal days were , tb . state of siege , martial law , and the law of transportation , the commission of lntjalry , the disarming of workman , the closing of the clubs , the suppression of tho popular journals ; In a word , the violation of all liberties , and the shew despotism of the atrong baud .

      It showed many in their true light , and caused as many to throw off their masks , so that they also mte Bten in their right colours . Who directed the attack on the Place de la Bastille against the Faubourg St Antolue ?—M . ItSCUrt . tho phy . alciaa oi tha Faubourg , with the atalatanoo ot General Perrot , the aame who , on the 21 th February , commanded Paris against us in ths name of King Louie Philippe ! Who demanded tbe atate of siege and a diotatornh ' p ? —M . Duprat , formerly the editor of Democratic journals ! Who supported tbo necessity for the vote of trnn » por « ta'ian!—Many Republicans , alas ! whote names we have not the courage to mention t

      Who has to boattof the idea of transporting the vanqulahed in this social warfare beyond tbe seas ? M , Senard , who 'found the measure in bia own heart ; ' and wbe , whilst they were picking up tbe dead bodies in tho Faubourg St Antolno , regularly riddled and cut up by ball and grape , exclaimed with a theatrical air : — Rmerciez Dieu , Itetiltws ! OK ! gueje suis , ' JEfutoiew , la . ti . et le potato pour rajjemNer lei representans ! Herd a Dieu . " ( Bendtr thasks to 6 otl , gtnthmen I Ohlhow happy I am I Uehtfi , scour the palace to call the repre . santatlvea together < The ^ L ord be praleed ' . } We now come to the night of the 25 th—26 th of August , when , indicted by Odillon Barrot ' s Inquisition , Ledru Rollin , Louis Blanc , and Caussidiere were put upon their defence in the Assembly . Passing over the eloquent self-vindication of Ledru Rollin , and the logical defence ol Louis Blanc , we extract the following notice of

      ODB 61 DUBE AND BIB ACCeTSISS , It was past ten at night when my turn to speak earns , I had requested an adjournment to tho next day , but the government had taken ita measures , and wished to have it over at osce , M , Marratt , the President of the AsacmUy , Insisted npon the business being terminated that night . His motion waa put to the rote and carried by a majority . My right plan ffonld bare been simply to place my explanations and justificatory documents upan the bureau of tho President , an 4 to demand their iosertien in the Monitbub , with an energetic protest against the right ef jurisdiction impoeed by the royalists on tbe republicans , whoso great eat fault in their oyea waa , that they had always stood up for ths interests of the people , as tbe first point to be considered .

      The contibaedstate of excitement iu which 1 had been living for tho last week , with twelve hours of a fatiguing debate , had superinduced a complete moral prostration within me . Anger and diegaat succeeded each other rapidly in my mind , I had often mentally gone through all the accusations brought against me , and yet when I was ia the tribune my memory failed me ; an Invincible 4 row 3 iness came over me , and I , felt tbe utmost indifference to everything around . A prey to a kind of temporary hallaclaation , I thought I beheld in that Assembly a tribunal of the Inquisition . Tho semi-obscurity which pervaded the hall , a heavy atmosphere , aud faces pale from fatigue , increased the deception , I meeb & ni o & Uy commenced reading the « notmo « a bundle e ! papers I had In my hand , which certainly deserved a better reader , I could scarcely see the writing , and I endeavoured to shako off tbe sort of stupor that was stealing

      over mo . At this moment , when my memory ia olear , I rem » mber that on this eccaalon I was drawling through my narrative as a priest would hla breviary , I kepi apoatrophfalng myself ail the time , as follows : — 'Thy family and thy friends are ia a state of anxiety ; throw away those papers , and speak out like a man—a bold , unpremeditated speech will have a better effect than this draw'iug narrative , ' In fact , onoo or twice I stopped reading , and by a few energetic words gained for amo ' meat the attention of tke Assembly ; but I soon fell back into the torpor that ) enthralled me , aad resumed tbo interminable manuscript . I suffered terribly that night , Wben I think of the success some oi ray Bpcccbes have obtained under curtain cireumatancea , I ask myself how it happened , that with so much to say , I did not , ac cording to my own estimation , act up to the exigencies of the case . Opium and fatigue had paralysed my

      powers , What followed , our readers know . The majority , while shrinking from proceeding against Ledru Rollin , passed resolutions of accusation and arrest against Louis Blanc and Caussidiere . Acting upon the advice of their friends , the accused patriots withdrew from the Assembly , and took refuge ia tin country . Citizen Caussidiere concludes his Memoirs with the following sentences : — The events of February having called me from tha obscurity of private life , the remainder of my existence ia due to that popular revolution . The question is still to be decided , whether the nations in future are ts combat with the weapons of reason .

      How fondly after February did I cherish the belief , that we had entered upon the path oi fraternal harmony , 1 urged onwards to it with all the energies of my nature ; and , indeed , selfishness seemed to have disappeared from France , I placed coafidenco in tbe noble instincts and qualities . of tho human race . As a magistrate , it was one of my dreams—and the best—that I should behold out noble city of Paris more splendid than ever ; it had raised the first patriotic shout for the enfranchisement o ! tho workman ; its miislon was to drivo misery away from ita doors ; The stranger who visited it would admire tho neatness and elegoace of the dwellings , even of ths most humble , aad ita palaces would be devoted solely to the preservation of the master pieces of art , Tea , I had golden dreams 1 and today I behold only blood and misery !

      Let us hope that this painful experience will serve aa a guide to the next generation , and that it will be its pride and happiness to proclaim , as something to last for ever , social fraternity 1 It is not too late even for ourselves to behold the tri - umph of our principles 1 Let us Be united and active in propagating them , that our fhg may be organised as the rallying point fjr all tho virtues which arj the deeus et Mamen tbo grace and the security of every good citizen . Be such our ambition . Lit us endeavour to improve ourselves daily . Lst us wage war upon our evil passions , and we shall aoos be invited to attend tbe birth Of a new system of society , which will he the glottaus rc-slieation of the democratic and social Republic > Cadsaidiire .

      We cordially recommend this work to our friends , and earnestly hope that its sale will be as extensive as is the democratic reputation of its honest , patriotic , and popular author ;

      General Bem.—General Bern Is The Son Of ...

      General Bem . —General Bern is the son of a German , but was bom in Poland , —His reputation aa an artillerist stands high . Some five-and-twenty years since , he had a quarrel with another Polish artillery officer , whom he challenged to fight with pistols . They met . On the ground they tossed for the first shot , and Bem lost . His adversary took aim , fired . Bern fell . The officer , believing him dead , prepared to quit the field ; but Bem , who had received the ball in the right hip , turned over on his left side , raised himself ou his elbow , sad said , 'Stop , comrade ; it is my turn now . Take your place . ' The officer did so , and in a moment fell , shot through tbe heart . Bem lingered long under the wound . The ball could not be extracted .

      During twenty years he suffered excruciating torments from its presence , and a' last resolved on proceeding to London to consult the faculty there . He was told that the operation , to be successful , must he a very painful one . He at once said . that he would submit to it . He was accordingly thrown by ether into a state of stupor , and the operation commenced . The circular saw had indented the bone round the bullet when the intense agony roused the patient . The operator became alarmed ; but Bern reassured him , called for bis pipe , lighted it , and commenced smoking while the operation was resumed , and was crowned with complete success , The ball was extracted , and Bern perfectly recovered .

      A New Material tor Batteries akd Coffins . —A two-gun battery is in course of construction , at the Butt , in the Royal Arsenal , Woolwich , to test the qualities of a composition submitted by Mr Kerrage which is said to possess greater advantages for the service than any yet tried , as , in the event of shot striking it , it will not separate into pieces , which are so liable to injure the men working the guns , when employed on the katteries , formed ef the materials at present in use , Platforms constructed of Mr Serfage ' s composition are not

      expected to be injured by the recoil of the guns when fifed , and the longer the material stands the . more combined and endurable it will become . The battery wil ! be ready for the select committee about the end of the first' week in January next . The inventor has also applied his composition to other purposes , having enclosed a child oi his ] own , who died in June , 1842 , and another , who died about twelve months ago , ih his patent coffins . Both the bodies are still in his possession , aud the former he has kept in the bed room for upwards of three years , aad they'have been witnessed by all the professional men in Norwich ,

      Tfattttfc**

      tfattttfc **

      An Auxiliary Workhouse Is To Te Erected ...

      An auxiliary workhouse is to te erected at LI towel . The President of France W ( ll have a salary of £ 24 , 000 , a little mora than is paid to tbe Viceroy in Ireland . Smokiso in Nbw Tobk . —An American paper esti * mates the valne of cigars daily smoked in New Itik at 10 , 000 dollars . The work made by the paupers in Ennis workhouBC the last half-year realised £ 614 . Thb Smin at Cratowsjr . —A subscription is being raised in Scotland for the purpose of erecting a me « mcrial over the graves of the slain at CuUoden . fhe Ballinasloe Board of Guardians have rejected the proposal of malcHicr new unions there .

      American Schew Sibameb , —The Qdbbhc Meb » coar states that next spring a screw steamer , of 830 tons burthen , and 300 horse' power , will begin olying between Montreal and Liverpool . 'Wam Washino . '—An American paper baa the following advertisement : —' Twosisters want wash . 7 & ' x ?^ ere Bre V 8 ry many sist 6 r 8 on this side of tha Atlantic in the same predicament . t lff . York P P * > tnat the land cleared of buildings by the reoeatfireat Brooklyn , is now selling at

      higher prices than it could have fetched with the houses that formerly covered it-Mb Maorbadt ahd Mr Forrss ( .-Iu Philadelphia , « l " ^ . ? 0 ^ Mr Forrest , Amarioarj actor , insulted Mr Maoready while on the stage , by throwing penny pieces and rotten eggt ak him . Thb Marinbrs' Compass —Tha Chinese ' ascriba the invention of the mariners' compass | to their En > peror Hong-Ti , who , they say , was a grandson cf Noab . The honour ef its European discovery io ge « nerally given to Flavio de Gtoja , a Neapolitan , ia . .-. _

      1302 . , # Frbe TsAns . —Seven thousaud five hundred and sixty eight quarters of foreign corn and 612 barrel * of flour were imported i « sto Limerick a fortnight ago . Chkistmas Gemb . —A poulterer at Spalding , in Lincolnshire , is preparing to supply the London Market with Christmas fare , by fatteaing opwsrds of three thousand geese , which daily eat twentv-oae sacks of oats . A Good Hato . —Two boats belonrimr to Buelcia , and in the emr-loyaienk of Mr Maedonald , fish ourer there , are reported to have lately brought ashore at one haul seven thousand haddocks . Standikg Armies . —Ninua and Semiramis , who reigned 2017 ye » re before Christ had armies amount , ing to nearly 2 , 000 , 000 of fighting men . The first guards and regular troops , as a standing army , were formed by Saul . 1003 B . C . So saya Ensehiue .

      Lova and Friendship . —Love is the shadow of the morning , which decreases aa the day advances . Friendship is the shadow of tho evening , wbioli strengthens with the setting sun of life . Ybliow Fkvkb at Barbadobs . —Yellow fever is said to be veryprevalentat the garrison in Barbadoea One officer , Lieutenant Holmes , and several men of the 67 th regiment had died from its effect * . Small pox bad appeared at Martinique . Thb / Daiw Naws . ' -Itis stated that the Bail * Nbws ia to be shortly issued as a permanent double sheet , and that the price is to be raised to Si . The cheap experiment is said to have entailed a loss of £ 100 000 . Thb Black Act . —The Bending anonymous letters demanding money , under threat of exposure , & o ., was made A capital feloey by tbe 9 th of George I , ( 1722 , ) called the Black Act , and several persons havo been executed in England for the offence .

      A Curious Sbizure . —At Cork > the other day , a Mrs Bridget Murphy , finding one of her tenants ia atrear for rent , and nothing better to distrain upon , actually wised ft young girl , and held possession of her for three dayi , until the magistrates interfered . Troon for IBDU .-The Directors of the Hon . East India Company have issued orders for 3 , 500 rank and file to hold themselves ready to embark for Calcutta and Bombay , between the 3 rd and 10 th of January next . A Bishopric Goiho a Bscqiko . —According to tho Ddbun . Evbniko Post , the Bishopric of Down , Connor , and Dromore is going a begging , the diocese being £ 20 , 000 in . "debt , which tbe new bishop will have to pay before he touches a penny of hia revenues .

      A Cedar op Lebanon . —At Little Grimsby Hall , near Louth , Lincolnshire , there is now growing a cedar of Lebanon , which measures thirteen feet ia girth at a height of six feet from the ground . The height of this superb tree is seventy feet , and tho spread of the branches covers a space of 160 feet in oircumference . Tub East Lancashire Railway . —The works on the East Lancashire Railway , are fast drawing to a close , aud it was expected that it would be opened for traffic between Cclne and Burnley on the 1 st of January next ; but in consequence of the earth giving wayatBarden Cleugh , near the latter place , it will be delayed for a short time after that period . A Stoeu . —Ayrshire waa visited by a severe hail and thunder-storm n few days ago . A Sock of orowg sitting ou a fcdge on the farm of Mr John Duncan , Shallocb , parish of Coylton , were struck by the electric fluid , and sixty-two of them were killed .

      Cibvbr Thieves . —A jeweller ' s window at Bristol , was robbed of fifty watches and about 380 wedding , rings , by some thieves , who cut a hole in the shutter with a circular saw , having plastered the wood with treacle , so as to make the least possible noise * The sum of £ 150 has been subscribed in Sheffield , for Mr W , Jackson , formerly of that town , one of the survivors from the Ocean Monarch , who lost the whole of his property , together with his wife and three children . . Good Cohsoibhob . —A good conscience is more to

      be desired than all the riches of the East . How aweet are tho slumbew of him who can lie him down on his pillow and review the transaction ! 1 of every day without condemning himself ? A good con-Bcionoe is the finest opiate . Mtsibrioub Circumstakoe . —An old gentleman , at Fishguard ' , who is upwards , of eighty years old , was on the point of marriage with a young lady of nineteen . On Monday night week , aa the ancient swain was returning from a visit to his fair one , ho was seizid , thrown into a cart , and has not been since heard of .

      Ethbb and Clorojoru . — Ether and cloroform have now been used with favourable effeat in per » haps two thousand cases ot midwifery , and so far as the Committee on obstetrics of the American Medical Association have been able to learn , without a single fatal , aud very few , if any , untoward results . Chinese Shopmen . —Messrs T . Labwy , Scholes , and Co ,, tea dealers , Newall ' s Buildinga , Manchester ,, have bad some time two Chinese young men employed as connter-men , in which occupation both are exceedingly attentive and active , and of placid and quiet manners . Modest . —A gentleman adyertissa in a New York paper , for board in a quiet genteel family , where there are two or three beautiful aud accomplished young ladies , and where his society * will be deemed a sufficiency for board , lodging , washing , and other etceteras . '

      Marwaob . —It was one of the Jaws of LycurgUB , that no portions should ba given with young women in marriage . When this great lawgiver was called upon to justify this enactment , he observed : — ' That in the choice of a wife merit only should be considered ; and that tho law was made to prevent young women being chosen for their riches or neglected for their poverty / A Substitute fok Soap . —In California there grows a plant which is used for washing every dea < criptton of clothing in cold running water . In using it an soap , the women cnt the roots from the bulbs , and rob them on the clothes , wben a atmng lather is formed . To propagate the plant the bulbs are set in a rich moist soil , and grow most luxuriantly in the soft bottoms of valleys , or on the borders of running streams .

      Among the vemarkaMe things noticed by Evelyn , in his' Journal of his Tour in the Netherlands , ' ia the ease ot a woman who had been married five and twenty times , ' . acd was then prohibited from marrying again ; ' yet it could not be proved that she had ever made any of her husbands away , though the suspicion had brought ber divers times to trouble . ' Good vor Noihikg . — A ! young apprentice to tha shoemakiog business asked his master what answer he should give to the often repeated question : ¦—4 Doss your master warrant hia shoes f ' Anawery Thomas , ' said the master , 'that I warrant them to prove good , and if they don't , I'll make them good for nothing . '

      A Substitute ? or PoiWOBS . —M . Mflsson , tho head gardener at the Luxembourg , Paris , has lately grown a new root , called ulluco , which can very well , it is thought , replace the potato . It originally cornea from Peru , and grows perfectly well in the open air ; the flavour is . very nearly the same as that of the potato . In addition , the part above ground furnished a very agreeable . vegetable , something like the bean in flavour . . Three crops of the green part can be obtained in the aame season . Thb Floods . —Lately ia the counties of Westraore . land heavy rains , sleet , and snow have fallen almost incessantly , and the lakes , rivers , and streams were greatly swollen , having oveiflowed their banks and covered the adjacent low grounds te a considerable

      extent and depth . An Immbmsb Mosfmbnt . — The secretary to tho Board for management of Washington Monument gives , in tho . Kaw York Bbrjsjs , the following description of the intended work . The work , when finished , will surpass evory other monument in tho world . The foundation 81 . feet square , will bo narrowed io 60-feet , at oh elevation of 27 feet , all of eolid masonry at this elevation , The great obelisk ( 500 feet high ) will start . The walls are to be 15 feet thick at the base , with au opening in the centre of 25 feet te the top . Ihojwasb . of . Pauperism - ; On Sunday week there were in the Cork Union Workhouse no fewer than 4 903 paupers j and those in a union the workhouse ef which was originally built to contain 2 , 000 ! Then are now , besides the workhouse , two ether large and coavenie & t auxiliary houses . piovia > d for the pauMM

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 23, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23121848/page/3/