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    F 1 »^^^ HEED OIL 173.

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    FUNERAL OF THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. We be...

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    Tife Wan Or Distringas.—The Writ Of Dist...

    ^< . PAP * B . -A raan ™ rf . Wurtemburg , has invented a mode of 50 Is ° \\ ^ -face-coating to sheet iron , -which enables it to take freely the m JL e < Vpencil ; » to said to be much lighter , and much lea * ] 1 : lble to ; nJa « ^ ' ;^ 'tin ¦ * »*• Baron V 0 B Kl T r tbe P P rietor <* some iron works at Neu 1 ff ! n Bol > e «> ia . has lately produced sh eet iron paper , from which great tiling il he expected . ° *?« f ^ jatABia PATR tOT .-Died , at Gorey , on Friday , the 1 st inst ., at the > ot " l * daug hter , Mrs . Martha Bar ! , Mr . John Webster , of Ballyrahan , loa ; ,. f KilniichaeloS » e « -and diocese of Ferns , at the advanced age of 100 years "' f" * ' the oldest man in this parish , the last surviving member of the Irish „ « Mi * •" tl , i 3 P " rt 0 f ! f land < £ , the ; fath 61 ' of th ^ u ™ erou 3 and respectable V ' otStep hen ltam , Esq . —Wexford Independent . ¦ I ^ TLb of Political ExiLES—Fourteen of the French political prisoners ; \ lT Louis Napoleon to Cayenne , lately attempted to escape in a boat . Thev l

    ; " if" * - ..- 4 i . a cnnHi . lint were , driven hflr « lr hv * l , „ ™„ ... n . ~_ _ , ., . J rf « l - t , ie southj I , ut were dliven back b * t ,, e *<•»«»«¦ . and thrown ashore n ' Cicn Guiana , the governor of which had cast them into prison . There waa a , « t Ad of secrecy observed about this affair in the West Indies , and the above * i \ the particulars that could he obtained . V ^ jJoisonacT op a Bive r Pos-n UKy-Ia consequence of a representation ' ^' been made to the Post-master General of the very great inconvenience to ' . % » a « eI , Sera a ,, d ot ,, ewon hardships at Graresend were subjected , owin-- « Ae mm-a elivery " of letters , & c , a river postman has been appointed , whose , j „ tv it will be to deliver letters , newspapers , & c , that may arrive by post , ad-! \ r * l to peson * on board of vessels in the river , off Gravesend . UstBOUBSA PlymouthOct 10 After

    • jus — , . . — the accident to this ship nB Wednesday , the artisans from the arsenal were quickly put on board , ^ worlo ' ns night and day , were enabled to complete her repairs by Friday , lli started about two o ' clock in the afternoon for her destination , St . Vincent , tw o * Good Hope , St . George ' s Sound , Adelaide , Port , Phillip , and Sydney ' , tating J" * ' * aIs 0 * ° ' erra ieone » ^ ataF » Van Diemen ' s Land , and New Zealand . lis Xew Gazette op Eottekdam states that a bottle has been found in tbe waters of Harlington , and sent to the Dutch consul at London , containing a Bote with the following words scarcely legible;— " Sir John Franklin las been found , with fifteen of his crew , in the Arctic regions . . . . B-jjjcli has been shipwrecked and two ships buoys ) fr # . . has seen him . " The note is signed "J . G ., " to which are added

    The Yacht America . —Another acceptance of Lord deBIaquiere ' schallange ] lS 5 been made . Lord Londesbovough has offered to run a schooner of 3 t 0 tons O . M ., just laid down for him by the Messrs . Lymington , of Poole , against the America , upon any course which Lord Da Blaquiere may namedie match to be for one thousand guineas , and to be sailed in the month of Sifjfember nest , that being the earliest period at which his vessel can be built , « ud her proper trim found .

    As AMBASSADOit fhomPitcaikns Island .- —Among the passengers by ite Orinoco steamer , which arrived at Southampton on Saturday , from the West Indies , was an inhabitant of Pitcairns Island , celebrated as the residence of the descendants of the mutineers of the Bounty . He was the bearer of dispatches from Admiral Moresby , in the Pacific Ocean , and his object in coming to England is to obtain some assistance for the religious education of the people of Eiteaim ' s Island , and to induce the government to allow English ships of war to visit the Wand ofternertbaa they now do .

    CaaiSTJiAs Revels ix Windsor Castle . —We are enabled to state that the Christinas revels of the olden time will be again held at Windsor this yeai , and with a novelty which recalls the time of "the great Eliza . " Queen . Yiworia will open her dramatic campaign with a new poetical-prose comedy of English life , from the pen of Douglas Jerrold . Tim is a good beginning of the dramatic new year—with an agreeable smack of old days and of a literary court about it . The play will be brought out at the Princess ' s Theatre on the . night following that on which it is to be produced before the Queen and court at Windsor Castle . —Athenavm , Siiefpield School ov Design —The aiinual meeting sf tbe friends of this institution and the distribution of prizes to the pupils took place on Tuesday last at the Music-hail , under the presidency of the Duke of Newcastle . The large hall was well filled .

    At a Meeting op tub Bath Town Council on Tuesday , it was resolved that in future the public clocks of the city should be regulated by Greenwich time . InoN Shipbuilding . —Two new iron ships will be laid down immediately at ihe Dingle Works , and it is said that Mr . Laird has . now in hand otders for iron screw steamers to the extent of 10 , 000 tons . Pobeign Fruit . —An importation of some cases of pears has taken place from Italy by the vessel Tivid , arrived in the river f . om Leghorn . The importation of iresh fruits of this nature from Italy is not usual among the supplies from abroad , and the arrival is therefore of some interest .

    The Xew Line of Screw Steamers about to he started by the Canard Company to run from Liverpool to Chagres via New York has just been adverted . The fleet is to consist of six vessels , each of from 1 , 500 to 2 , 000 tons burden , and between 200 and 400 horses power , and the names are to he the " Andes , " the "Alps , " the "Taurus , " the "Etna , " the "Jura . " and the " Caucasus . " Two or three of them are already launched , and the first is to sail on the 8 th of December nest . \ Alleged Satety of Sir John Franklin's Vessels . —The following brief announcement appears in the "San Francico Herald" of August . SI , received this morning , under a letter from its correspondent at Monteret , dated August 19 , 185 * 2 . We fear there is no foundation , however , for the report , which is too pod news to be true . "We learn that the English dicovery ships , ' Erebus and 'Terror , ' have arrived at Santa Barbara , with many of the crews down with the scurvy . " -Standard of Monday .

    A Veritable Miseu . —Died at Bellaghy , on the 1 st instant , Eachcl tt'Cartaey , aged sixty-seven . Through wretchedly pennrious habits she merged to save a considerable sum of money . A short time before her death Jhe swallowed fifty notes of £ l . each , and also some sovereigns . Barely has there been such an instance of the auri sacra fames , orof " the ruling passion strong in death . " In her wretched pallet and on her person were iound , after death , large sums of money . "

    F 1 »^^^ Heed Oil 173.

    »^^^ F HEED OIL 173 .

    Funeral Of The Duke Of Wellington. We Be...

    FUNERAL OF THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON . We believe that the following programme of proceedings at the funeral of the Duke of ' Wellington will prove to be in the mam correct . The remains of the Duke will remain at Maimer until tow . days before the funeral , which will take p lace between the I 7 ih and 19 th of November . They will then be removed to Chelsea Hospital , where the body will lie in slate for three days , and on we evening before the solemnity it will be removed to the Horse bua On the rooming of ihe funeral , the funeral cortege will u formed at the Horse Guard * , and will proceed by Charing r , the StrandFleet-streetand Lud ° hte-hillf . to St . Pauls .

    ^ , , P « x reg iments of Infantry , efrht sqnadrons of cavalry , and 17 guns , w , » take part m the procession , that being the number of troops to w , "c » the Duke was entitled by his rank in the army . A body of Can nes will also form part of the cortege , which will be headed by ** 3 veterans from Chelsea Hospital , who shared in the Duke ' s camions , the number of 83 representing the years to which he had gained . We have also reason to believe that the Field-Marshal s oaion of the deceased Duke will be borne on the occasion by the Ma rquis of Anglesey , his companion in arms ; and that representatives from those ' forei * n Sovereigns in whose armies his Grace b the rank of Field Marshal will assist at the solemnity , each ii earinor lne baton of the deceased . With a view-or diminishing as

    ni uc » as possible ihe delay from a long file of carriages , u is inlt »< Jed make lhe ssion asNn-iuch as possible a walking one , ! md to dispense , as for as consistent with the solemnity of tne J- ccasion , w , th an unnecessary train of vehicles . It is also hoped Ulat the City vvill / on this occasion , consent to waive its claim to P ^ -edenee , and that the Lord Mayor , after meeting the cortege at P ^ P ^ -bar , will fall into the procession after the Prince Consort . Jr , nal | y , it is not intended to line the streets through which the Procession will pass with military . The guardianship of lhe thorou g"fare $ being left to the police .

    Funeral Of The Duke Of Wellington. We Be...

    OUR PENAMD ' INK PORTRAIT GALLERY . 1 ABD-EL-KADER . Abd-el-Kader , the " slave of the Most High , " -was born in 1808 in the Dowar ( tribe ) of his father , Sidi-Mahi-Eddin , near Mascara His countrymen affirm that a lambent flame played round the head ot the infant for several minutes , and his mother , like a Pythoness of antiquity , cried out , " Behold the child announced by the Holy men . Hakem-Cherera , behold him whom you expected ! "

    Zora his mother , as clever as she was enthusiastic , is the only lettered woman that Arabia has ever produced . At her words , the ilakem-Cherera , a powerful tribe of Oned-el-Hamman , accepted the prediction , and the young Abd-el-Kader did not falsify it . At twelve years lie was already at Oran , studying politics under Sidi-Achmetcen-iloaja , wid here , eighteen months later , he saved the life of his father , MaM-Eddin , by a stroke of presence of mind which was the dawn of that mingled energy and subtlety which have marked his career .

    m i y - of 0 ran . Hassan , had fathomed the ambitious projects of Mahi-Eddin , who , to throw off suspicion , proclaimed a pilgrimage to Mecca . His escort only excited umbrage by its unusual luxury . Abd-el-Kader went . to defend his aged father before the Bey . " By Allah , " ho said to Hassan , "I abjure thee to £ . ivc up my father . I speak in the name of the tribe of the Hakem-Cherera . Listen , too , to the proofs of innocence of Mahi-Eddin I" The child then pro- '

    ceeded to discourse with so much success that , upon the recommendation of Hassan himself , the Bey of Tunis placed a brig at the orders of the father and son for their pilgrimage to Mecca by Alexandria . It was in that city where he beheld the reforms of Mehemit Ali , and above all at Bagdad , at the foot of the tomb of one of his ancestors , a famous marabout , that the young man conceived the idea of reviving Arabian nationality in Mount Alias .

    After the fall of the Turkish authority in Africa in 1830 , the family of Abd-el-Kader was suddenly called on to play an important part . After the capture of Oran by the French the Arabs of the Western province fell into deplorable anarchy . In order to rally them under a common banner , Mahi-Eddin preached a Holy War , and at his voice several thousands of the inhabitants of the soil united under the walls of Oran to attack the French garrison . Abd-el-Kader distinguished himself in the first ranks of the assailants , and had a horse killed under him . Soon afterwards , the tribes , weary of the divisions which the absence of all other authority created among

    them , had recourse to lhe experience of the old Marabout . A general assembly was held in the plains of Eghres , which surround Mascara , and it was here that Mahi-Eddin , making use of his ascendancy , and upon the strength of certain prophecies made for the occasion , proposed his son for the choice of his fellow-countrymen . The young warrior , who had already made himself known by his knowledge , piety , intelligence , and bravery , was accepted without discussion , and proclaimed Sultan amidst the acclamations of an enthusiastic multitude . This took place at the end of the year J 832 , and when Abd-el-Kader was between twenty-three and twenty-four years of age .

    The first care of the new Emir of the Faithful was to organize the country it its political , military , and financial relations . His measures displayed a ripened spirit , and a rare aptitude for the Government of a Mussulman community . Abd-el-Kader then directed an expedition against some tribes which had not recognised his authority , and in a few days the populations of the Mirra and the Cheliff were subdued and paid tribute . From the commencement of General Desmichel ' s command at

    Oran , the French troops found themselves engaged with Abd-el-Kader under the walls of illostaganem ; next , on the 28 th May , 1833 , around the blockhouse of Orleans , In this last affair , the intrepid Sultan was seen to precipitate himself , head foremost , into the thick of the fight , to rescue from the French cavaliers the body of one of his nephews , which none of the Arabs dared carry off . Numerous combats , in which the young Emir took part , stained tlie environs ofOran : but successive defeats and severe losses taught the Arabs and their chief the necessity of peace . It was proposed by Abd-el-Kader , and accepted by the French Government .

    In this treaty , Abd-el-Kader was recognised as the "Emir-el-Moumenin "— -that is , Prince of the Faithful , and numerous advantages were conceded him , which suggested to him the idea of winning the authority that is attached to the title of Sultan . He would sutler no rival power near him , and set to work to free his path of all the obstacles which he might encounter in it . He began by subduing the chiefs of the neighbouring tribes , and benefiting by the instructions of some French officers who had been sent on a mission to him , and by the presence of some French deserters , he formed a nucleus of disciplined troops , and soon had a thousand regular infantry , well armed and sufficiently warlike . It wasat this period that he extended his authority over the capital of the Titlery and Milianah .

    Circumstances which have never been well explained haying broken the peace with the French , General 'frezel found himself , in June , 1835 , in the presence of the Emir . The bloody combat of the forest of Mulev-Ismail was followed by lhe terrible day of the Macta , in which the ' French arms received a severe check . This was avenged by the expedition of Mascara . During the march of Mawhal Clauzelupon the Arab capital , the tribes , seized With a panic terror , abandoned their chief , who saw himself obliged to give iin his plan of resistance . Alone—wandering , like a vanquished

    lion round his burning capital—his heart full of rage and grief—he sadly sought the retreat where he had left his family . He found his wife , his mother—all that belonged to him , plunged in gnet : they had been plundered by the Arabs-his own followers . At this spectacle , the Emir felt his courage fail him , and he was tempted at that moment to abandon the wretches who , not satisfied with flvine from the banners of Islamism at the approach of the Christian had outraged liirn-their Sultan-in those whom he held

    But the voice of patriotism , and the faithful support of the Hachems , recalled him to his duty and renewed his energy , for a moment cast down . He mounted on horseback , and , accompanied bv a little band of cavaliers , he pursued the French array , which ^' retiring ; he attached himself to it , threateniiijf it from a diswnce and thus protesting , in the name of Musselman Algeria , a " inst the stain which the infidel had cast upon the sanctuary of his

    Unon returning , he found himself in the most perfect destitution : there onW remained to him a wretched Utile tent , iu ra ? s , which he ins obliged to pitch himself . In the pillage of his goods , one ot his Heuenants had seized his parasol of command ; another had the audS o tear his spurs from his feet . If he did not die from hun ^ - during the time he passed at Argoub-Ismail , it was owing io h devotion of the bud Bl-Boukari , who took care to provide him v ih food . Little by little , however , the cowardice wluch had urged he Arabs to such base acts was replaced by remorse - they came indent themselves at the feet of Abd-el-Kader , whopardoned them ; ™ d this politic generosity recalled around him those who would not have dared to face his anger . Fortune once more smiled upon him ; \ u > had compelled its favours . . Tlemcen had just been occupied by the French troops , and the armv of Marshal Clauzel was exploring the route of the 1 atna . un the 26 th , 1836 , the Emir resolutely barred the road , upon the borders of the Isser . After several sanguinary combats , the marshal ieli

    Funeral Of The Duke Of Wellington. We Be...

    back upon Tlemcen , which made the Arabs believe that he had been vanquished . The fame of Abd-el-Kader was increased greatly by this , and the Kabyles of tire mountains bordering on Morocco from that moment swore obedience and fidelity to him . Defeated on the loth April at El-Gaser by General d ' Arlauges , he took his revenge on the 2 ath of the same month at Sidi-Yacoub , and maintained round the trench camp of Tafna so strict a blockade that reinforcements were obliged to be sent from France , under General Bugeaud , to deliver the imprisoned garrison . It was also necessary at the same Ume \ ° iv lve 1 , tne commander Cavaignacwhoshut up in the

    ., „ , , citadel of Tlemcen , had sustained heroically during several months the efforts of the Emir and his kalifs . But the victory of the Sikkak ( 7 th July , 1836 ) restored the brilliancy of the French arms and wiped out the stain of the defeat at Sidi-Yacoub . After this battle , wlure he bravely exposed his person , Abd-el-Kader once more saw his ranks thin around him , and was almost alone , as after the taking of Mascara . It was no easy task to re-organise his scattered forces ; yet he succeeded indoingso , and was in a condition to resist General Letang , whilst , on the other side , he reduced to obedience several unsubdued tribes .

    lhe peace of the 30 th May , 1 S 3 T , was a triumph for the Emir , as had been the treaty of Desmichels . Abd-el-Kader was again recognised Prince of the Believers . The French abandoned to him the two provinces so long contested , only reserving some isolated spots They restored , to him upon conditions Tlemcen and the camp of tho Tafna , with all his authority ; they delivered to him their allies the Douairs and all their territory ; and by particular stipulations they engaged to give him arms and ammunition . In short , the treaty was altogether in favour of the Emir , whose haughty disdain in presence of General Bugeaud , and the humiliation suffered by the trench negotiator , is still remembered .

    The leisure of peace was employed by Abd-el-Kader in several expeditions against lukewarm populations , and in the consolidation of his political power . The war which broke out at the end of 1839 found him infinitely stronger than ever . He had then to oppose to the French 7 , 000 or 8 , 000 regular infantry , 1 , 800 disciplined cavalry , 12 , 600 horsemen of the tribes , and 6 , 000 or 7 , 000 Kabyles . However brave the efforts of the French , they were obliged to make vigorous efforts to put down an adversary so ' intrepid and pertinacious . The campaigns , of 1840 and 1841 , which had for their theatre the summits of Mount Atlas , were murderous for both armies . The capture

    of the Themiah of Mouzara . the frequent combats in the wood of lhe Olives , the frequent and difficult provisionings of Medeah and of Milianah , taught the French generals that the war in Algeria was become serious . The destruction of Tagdempt , ihe definite occupation of Mascara by General Lamoriciere , " that of Tlemcen by General Bedeau , the submission of the tribes of the Ouanseris , due to General Changarnier—in short , the numerous combats , all to the advantage of the French , and the dispersion of the populations that resisted , reduced the Emir to the last extremity , and obliged him to seek a retreat in Morocco .

    At first he only met with desertion and wretchedness in his exile . Reduced , to find food for himself and followers , to sell his wife ' s jewels , he awaited with a resignation truly Musselman until Providence should send him belter days . And , in fact , new prospects soon began to open to his ambition . An active propagandism collected around him numerous partizans , subjects of the Emperor . By degrees he succeeded ih drawing that monarch into a contest with France . A year after the French victories at Isly and Mogadore ( he indomitable Emir again agitated the whole of Algeria , and

    re-appeared in a menacing attitude at the summit of the mountains of Truras . Wounded iu the engagement of Sidi-Brahim , he proceeded , nevertheless , to execute lhe plan which he had conceived . He traversed the whole of the southern frontier of the provinces of Oran and Algeria—penetrated into the Great Kabylee—appeared at the very gales of Algiers , and effected his retreat by the Sahara—a daring expedition , which exhausted the moving columns of tho French army , and compelled Marshal Bugeaud to pronounce Abdel-Kader " untakeable . " The result of this expedition was the emigration to Morocco of several thousand Algerian families .

    Jt was now that the views ot the Emir began to disclose themselves more clearly . Weakened by his defeats , compromised in the eyes of his subjects by his alliance with a Christian people , the Emperor of Morocco appeared to him ill able to make head against an aggression which would have for ils object the rehabilitation of the outraged Musselman faith , and for its true end the elevation of the son of Mahi-Eddin to the throne of Maghzeb . An unexpected denouement closed the drama , and , owing to the treachery of tho Moors , the " untakeable" Emir became the prisoner of the French . Reduced to the last extremities , he surrendered himself and family ,, together with a few devoted followers , to General Lamoriciere and

    the Duke d'Aumale ( son of Louis Philippe ) , both of whom solemnly engaged not to hold the chieftain captive , but to allow him to retire to'Egypt , or some other part of the Turkish dominions . On being presented to the Duke d'Aumale , Abd-el-Kader said : "Ihave waited for the hour marked by God for this surrender to the decree of fate . The general has pledged me his word , which I rely upon . I do not fear to see it broken by tne son of a great king , such as the King of the French . I ask his avian for my family and for myself . ' ' The Duke then confirmed in a few words , at once simple and concise , the promise of General Lamoriciere . How shamefully that solemn promise was violated by the French Government tlie Emir's many years of captivity testifies .

    The particulars connected with his liberation by order of Bona- ¦ parte will be found in the letter of our Paris Correspondent . A writer , describing Abd-el-Kader at the time of his surrender to * >« the French , thus pictured him : " Abd-el-Kader is distinguished by ? features at once simple , noble , grave , and charming . His face is . > . melancholy and thoughtful ; his hands of the greatest beauty ; his . s . feet small ; his stature short , but well-made . To the possession of f an attractive form , and the double title of Marabout and warrior ,. : the Emir joins the qualities of the sage and the poet . His friends Is

    tell us that when he mounts hti black courser he appears as modest st as a young child , and half covers his face—which , however , does as not prevent them from comparing his vigour to that of the lion . Tho \ o Arabian voehy of the present day repeats to us that the mind of the lie-Emir is more vast than the sea—that he is the wisest of the wise the sage of the Marabouts ; and that the greatest writers bend be-iefore his genius—that a letter addressed to him never remains an an hour without reply , and that he always makes use of " the mostost beautiful and the purest expressions . "

    Another writer says " Abd-el-Kader ' s dress is distinguished by theilifc most studied simplicity ; there is not a vestige of gold or embroideryery on any part of it . He wears a shirt of very fine linen . Over thotho shirt is a haick , and over the haick two white bernouscs ; the upper-ermost garment is a black bcrnouse . He wears no arms iu his girdle . " e . " He is said to be a most tender husband . His wife , whether his ouiyuly or his favourite wife , we cannot say , has been described as as being , some years ago , very pretty , and of a tall , slender figure . " When Abd-el-Kader discourses on religion , " says one of his his poets , "he makes the soul weep that never wept before . "

    The verses of Abd-el-Kader are known under the tents and the thci roofs of Africa : more than one horseman sings them to drive awa > waj , the ennui of his long journey , in which oi ' tcu leagues are passeusseti without a tree being met with .

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 23, 1852, page 13, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_23101852/page/13/