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    • IC05JNTKY EDITIO.Y.I jtsTICE—1M21TA BLE, VXIVS SSAL, ETKB.VAL i TEOFLE'o TARTY'-WHO SHALL A FORM IT?
    • jTorrfgn &m (SWottttrt IntelHgin«,
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      Ic05jntky Editio.Y.I Jtstice—1m21ta Ble, Vxivs Ssal, Etkb.Val I Teofle'o Tarty'-Who Shall A Form It?

      IC 05 JNTKY EDITIO . Y . I jtsTICE—1 M 21 TA BLE , VXIVS SSAL , ETKB . VAL i TEOFLE ' o TARTY ' -WHO SHALL A FORM IT ?

      • -R» The Bberrs To Know, To Utter, And ...

      • -r » the Bberrs to know , to utter , and to argue freely accordv ^ wwde" * abo ve all liberties .-Mii . TOS . l 5 \ le tter from Mr . Rogers , of Bristol , inserted in * , . j ar - « gtar of Freedom , * recalls attention lo the \ . j e c- rre = pondeuce between the Chartists of Bristol it i Mr- T . S . Duncombe , M . P . The points of the cXl c arrcspondoBce- —to briefly reca p itulate thorntfero wese : — __ at Bristol wrote to

      . 1 number of Working men Mr , Daiic ombe on the 24 th of March last , to congratulate ]; jm on restored state of health , as announced in j : s retiring address to the Committee of the' United trades' Association . ' They appended to their words ei c n"gr ; vtuktion , the expression of their conviction , that Mr . Buncombe was the onl y man to call iuto existence a ' real People ' s Party , " for the purpose cf ei & etiug such a Radical Reform of our Representative System , as Iho exigencies of the times demand . ' Mr . ' DcSCOUBE , iu . his reyiy , stated that tic had obs erved , with regret , the political apathy and indifference upon most important and pressing questions which has pervaded the classes , formerly the m ost prominent iu urging those questions upon the attention of the Legislature . '

      Air . Duxcomue added , ' 1 agree with you that the present is the most favourable time for the formation of a "People ' s Party / ' But is order to entitle you to that designation , it must ho based upon such a foundation as will enlist the sympathy and support of all classes , especially the working classes , without dictating « s to the usenSatmaf ^ be , or must ha made 0 f political power- Ii should seek to diffuse that pover to the largest practical extent , and thus entrust of its

      the nation with the controul and regulation own affairs . ' Mr . Duxcombb went on to r ay that no such party existed at the present time . He added , ' As a practical step , I a ' dvise a peaceful , but earnest agitation , for a simp le residential suffrage , in connexion with the ballot—shorter parliaments , no Property Qualification for representatives , and a more enual app ortionment of members , according to population and property . ' In a suggested petition he farther elucidated bis views in the following terms : —

      TO the Honourable tbe House of Commons ia Parliament emViEi : — * VTcrhe undersigned , tain ? deeply impressed with the conviction t ! at it is essential to the contentment of the people and the good rowrnmentofihe empire , that the representation of the people iu joar Honourable House shoull be full , fair , and free , earnestly pray—That vour Honourable House mil take into i : s early coaside-Tin -n , the justice as well as the policy of extending { lie suSrage to all adult miles , unconvicted ot crime , and uuKide'l by parochial Kli < -il « 'ho hare been resident for the period of ttvelve months iu anv borough , city , or county ; that elections ma ? be taken by ballot at the option of " any constituency demanding its prateiiicn ; that the : e shall be no properly qualification for members ; that a more wail aj ^ iwBcnm snt of representatives , according to population and proj « rrr , bs Mfc ' . blisbed . andlhafone-fhird cf the representatives , so defied , retire annually for the purpose of re-election or XtgeaisaL

      The Bristol Chartists passed a resolution on the 13 th of April , recording their ' unabated confidence in the justice of the People ' s Charter in its entirety , but b 2 S £ eaking ' calm and deliberate consideration ' for Mr . DescOMBE ' s propositions . There appears to have been some further communication , not published , en the part of the Bristol Chartists . On the 24 th of April Mr . DrarcoMBfi wrote a rejoinder in which ne reminded his correspondents that he had not thrust his views upon them , bnt that , on the contrary , they had sought his advice , which he had tendered in all honesty of purpose . Mr . DuxcoMBE further remarked , It has'uot surprised niet-j Sad that a small number of persons bare raaeda perfinacious opjiosition totl : e policy .-1 rfcomineaded , aal : ba : my i ui'Iic character has been assailed .

      After some severe comments upon the past proceo dings of' Chartist Lenders , ' Mr . Duxcojibs adds—Teat tbey should sliU endeavour to prolong a factitii its popularity , anl en-fcivuur to trade o n and lire l < y ejcitiaij the liassions , and jireyui ; u }« a the ignorance < -f-those who are under their influence , rn > t to " feetU'iidcred at , however much it may be regretted . I did nottip : ct tfcst such persons would approve of the policy I propossd I nasi the work doze They want to lire by pii-. l agitation . Wfit-ther themrkisg classes gaieraily take my advice or not . as to the corns u > be i "• srssc'i with respect to form ;;;;; a People ' s Party , at all events I top .- tl , ey win immediately button tip their breeches' poctots ami no laager be dupid into ie snjiport oi mtu who are only roblins than and thftir families of their hard earning , iu seeking that trliichtCT & Jiasproved . ro bemat £ araable ,- « ia " obstnietMg , as fjr a « iis j : : wwsr « . tsaas , the pri-gfcss of the popular cause .

      The only post <« f which I had say doubt , or was disposed to modify in the * petition , is the term of residence . I find that six months is preferred by many . 1 ihcaght that Uft ' vre month's , vritli easy and cxistiatrislittiresUtraiiini , miglitbs mivre liberally interpreted , writhe tsu' . 't time v . ot . u ? Uted ui * a & o sivkfiy as it would be in the case o : t / : e shorter p-ntfr } . I am , hwr . ? ver . quite triHing to consent lhat tlic qualificalion rtiali be sis jnonths' resi . ' euee instead of tsvlre . iryoudvero . it preferable . On all the otUtr points in the petiii-jn , my t > phiii > n remains ucchuuged . The above is as fair and fai thful a resume of the correspondence as the nesessary limits of this letter will permit nietogivc .

      It is easy to perceive tuat Mr . DUXCOJTBE must have written hia rejoinder under the influcuce of irritated feelings . The cause of that irritation may be looked for , not ia the proceedings of the Bristol Chartists , but in the unfair and malignant criticism of a party ever on the look out to manufacture * political capital / by insinuation , denunciation , and all the miserable arts cf political diangenuousness . Mr . RoGEJlS very properly recounts the noble services rendered by Mr . DusCOMBE to Democracy and Humanity . Those services must be fresh in the grateful recollection of the people . 0 ( course no length or kind of service in the Past could justify or

      faense dishonesty ia the Present . Jf satisfied that Mr . Duxcombe really designed to deceive the people , and sacrifice them anew , to promote personal ambition or class interests , no one would bs readier than the writer of these remarks " to raise the voice of B ' arning and coadeomatian—warning to the people , and coudeiasation of him who would mislead them . But , having the most perfect faith in the purity of 5 Ir . Duxgoube ' s piitriotkm , and his eavufist desire to bring about the emancipation of the working classes , I , for oar , must decline to treat him as a ' renegade / or an enemy to the popular cause . But not the less mast I express mv decided

      conviction that sir . Tjuxcgsibe committed himself to a grave political error , iu proposing to substitute his neiv-fangled scheme of represeatation for those clear and well-defined principles and provisions , of which he was the noblest wpresenta . tive , wlien Chartism ' teas a powerful clement of popular opinion , exercising Influence both within and without the Legislature . ' " Without discussing the several points of Mr . Duif-COMbe ' s Programme , it is sufficient to protest against

      that clause relating to the Franchise , the conditions of which , if adopted , would exclude from the exercise of the Suffrage those victims of a system whose rery pauperism famishes an argument in support of their claim to legislative power , without which thoy can never hope for salvation from the evils of oar ? nio uitous Social System . As to the optional ballot and the curious substitute for ' Annual Parliaments , ' they admit of no comparison with the corresponding 'points' of the'Feople ' s . Charter /

      Here I must observe that I cannot tell what is to be gained by tho adoption of Mr . Buncombe ' s scheme , or the proposition of ' Spartacus' to go for Manhood Suffrage only , sinking all details . To adopt either course would bo to unsettle all that has ^ e ea determined not merely by Chartist Localities , l «» t l > y the enlightened conclusions of wise and faithful formers who preceded the birth of the document denominated the People ' s Charter . That measure ^ y bs imperfect , hut , most assuredly , no other ^ ueaic of representation concocted during the last Sfietn years , has go nearly approached the emhodi ^ ent of political justice for each and for all . the

      That which is needed is not any substitute for Charier , b ^ t ^ a and true men . should come fortl and take the cause of Chartism out of the hads of unprincipled adventurers and Political Char-^ teus , whose object is not tho establishment of the garter hut the gratification of their own paltry and ^ ambition . ¦ *& , 3 Ir . Dkxcombe . Time has proved , not that the J 'harteris unattainable , hut that it is not attainable ty those who impudently assume to he its only pure ^ 3 patriotic advocates . The triumph of Chartism ™& ' be accomplished if ouly men of talent and honour p' consent to sink their crotchets , and agree to unite ™ rfte People ' s emancipation . It teas—I trust still ^—in the powerof Mr . DoxcoJOJE to form a People ' s

      *« j | y . Butsuchapartymust be based upon afoun-^ hon that will enlist the sympathy and support of r ^ fldng classes . ' Mr . Duxcojibe ' s good sense a his recollection of the talismanic influence that g » nwrea the masses , will dictate to him the onl y oaOsUon on which the superstructure of a People ' s 1 J W y can be reared , ^ * __

      • -R» The Bberrs To Know, To Utter, And ...

      The necessity for a People ' s Party is conclusively determined by the pitiable exhibition of which the People ' s Institute , Manchester , has been the theatre . If Deijbf , Russell , and Cobdex , had combined to hatch some scheme designed to lay bare the absolute disorganisation of tho , Chartist Party , and the corresponding presumption of two or three self-sufficient intriguers , those arch-enemies of democracy could not have devised anything more conducive to that end than the so-called ' Conference . ' Never , since the history of Chartism commenced , were our principles so discredited as by tho miserable attempt of . these '; -half-dozen ' Delegates' to give ftVws-toa bouy ; which ere" -now has " nuinbefeiH" its ' millions ;; but , judged by the constituents of these 'Delegates ,

      would now appear to number not so many units as it once did thousands . Fortunately for the character of Chartism , there are yet men enough in the country who take an active part in the cause to repudiate the acts of this precious 'Conference / Could anything be more disgraceful than that Chartists should submit to this mock-Brummagem Bonapartisin ? The ravings and the antics of these pure patriots , so ready to vote themselves and their nominees place and pay , would call down upon Chartism the crushing wei ght of universal ridicule and scorn ; but that there are those in the country who are numerous enough , and honest enough , to give the lie to these wretched caricaturists of Democracy , these worst enemies to Chartism , and the welfare of the people .

      Let every democrat read the report of the ' Conference , 'judge , determine , and act accordingly . This is no time for compromise . There can be no terms kept with those whose avowed aim is to degrade every Chartist to the level of bull y and dupe—bully towards all other persons and classes ( even if they adopt our principles !) and dupe to the most barefaced system of knavery ever devised b y the dealers in political chicanery , delusion , and humbug . L'AMI DIT PETJPLE .

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      Vol. 1. Lo. 3. Loidon, Saturday, May 22,...

      VOL . 1 . lo . 3 . LOIDON , SATURDAY , MAY 22 , 1852 . ^ TZ ^ S ^ Zr" ''

      The Star Op Freedom And The " Crushers."...

      THE STAR OP FREEDOM AND THE " CRUSHERS . " TO THE EDITOR OP tHS STAR OF FREEDOM . Dbau Sir , —The repot of the West Riding Delegate meeting in your last week ' s number , shows a more practical spirit to be prevalent than was evinced some time ago . If we were to go on as some would have us , talking of fraternity and acting antagonism , nothing could come of it but contradiction and stagnation . Tho entire impression conveyed by the report of the delegate meeting of our West Riding friends is encouraging to those who would rescue Democracy from obstruciiveness , aud make it a recognised advocacy and a popular power . Speaking for a moment personally , I am indebted to Messrs . Wilcoak and Shackleton , for the explanations they were so generous to give in my absence on my account .

      iney may assure Mr . Cstmeroa that I neither spoftenor voted against the Charter . A . t the time to which he refers , at the meeting of the Parliamentary Reformers , my vote was merely an indication that I was willing to confederate with ail who were willing to go in the samo direction as myself . Why should the Chartists object to this , seeing that so many of us who work for the Charter do so on Uie same principle , because it is a measure in the right direction ? Many of us go much farther , and seek more comprehensive reforms . We take the Charter by the way , and regret that the Chartists generally do not see farther . Educated in political sectarianism , they want no more than that . In this narrowness of view they resemble many of the Parliamentary Reformers .

      Permit me to say a word as regards tho " Star of Freedom . " I may differ from you on many points—I may not share your prejudices against the " Manchester School "but whoever says you are venal , false to Chartism , or a tool of the middle class , I have ready a word in your defence—I tell them , whoever they are , that thoy cither speak without knowled ge , or sneak against the truth . And now that I seo disreputable efforts being made by Chartists to put down tne " Slar of Freodom , " and deny a hearing to the Editor , who has made so great sacrifices to servo them , I think it a duty to suspend any dissent I may have , and aid ia securing fair play , both for the Editor and the paper . Visiting , as I am now doing , many provincial districts , I see more or less of the political supporters and opponents of the " Star of Freedom , " and to such I explain the nature of the Into changes , which somewhat contributes to counteract " conspiracy , " and silence calumny .

      Everywhere I meet persons who are glad to find their old friend Mr . Harney at the head of affairs , and all agree that the "Star" is conducted in a manner likely to do credit to Democracy , and to advance it . Every writer is canvassed * Mr . Kydd has friends everywhere . Mr . Bell is not so well known wheift I have been sojourning . Mr . Massoy is the subject of expectation on tha part of many intelligent , persons , poetical and otherwise . "ISpartacus , " who always writes better things under that name than under his own , is sure to be read as tho Hotspur of your columns . Indeed , he is so pertinent , chivalrous , and fiery , that I think it greater intellectual pleasure to differ from him than to agree with him . Believe me , to be yonrs faithfully ( and when jou are denied fair play , yours decidedly , ) 6 . J . I 10 IAO . JKE . The Admiral Kelson , Northampton , 18 th May , 1852 .

      TO TUB EDIIOR Or THE STAB OP FREEDOM . Sin , —As a constant subscriber to all your writings , and as a sincere Democrat , I cannot but feel a deep interest in yoar welfare , as well as of that cause with which your name has been for so many years identified , and to which you have so faithfully and honourably performed your duty . For the last few years I have held aloof from taking that prominent part which I formerly took in the Democratic cause , chiefly on account" of the miserable bickerings in our ranks ; aud I should still have been content to remain in statu quo , were it not for certain statements which appeared iu the " Star , " of Saturday last , which I have read with fee'ings of deep sorrow .

      I had hoped that , now wo were rid of some of tho main causes of discord and disunion , and that we had once more got our oieu Journal into well tried and trusty hands—all would go on " merry as a marriage bell "—and that the old brigade would take their places , and " fall in" as before , and march forward in the good old cauEo with the brotherly feeling and hearty good will of former days . Judge , then , my regret at beholding an attempt to renew this suicidal conflict on the most flimsy pretexts , thus splitting us up into powerless and contemptible fragments , to the great

      delight of our enemies , and the bitter disappointment of the " good men and true" in the Northern districts . There is no use mincing matters . The time has arrived to speak out , and I , for one , plainly state not only my feelings , but the feelings of hundreds of Democrats , with whom I have conversed on the subject to which I refer . I have met them in groups talking it offer , and have been stopped in the streets by scores , inquiring , " Well , what ' s up now ? Are we going to have another kick up ? What do you think ? Who is in fault ? This work will never do , & e „ & c . J "

      Well , I also say , " This work will never do ; we cannot afford it ; it must bo put an end to by some means . " I take a similar view to Messrs . Shackleton , Wilcock , and Emett , at the late "West Riding Delegate Meeting . I repudiate the doctrine that we are to be Chartists and nothing more , as , from the beginning , we have uniformly held up the Charter as a means to an end—Social Reform . The rights of Labour , in the fullest and most comprehensive sense , being our ultimate object . Depend upon it , Mr . Editor , neither cliques nor coteries will he allowed to take the name of Democracy in vain , be they called delegates or anything else . The good sense of the people will soon settle that matter .

      I should have thought that tho last attempt to got up a Manchester Conference would have . proved a warning to certain gentry in that locality ; but , experience seems lost on some people . The whole affair is too precipitate . It is placing the " cart before the horse . " I had hoped that the recognised organ of Democracy , for years past , having got again into the true track , the onward road of Democracy , that thousands who , like me , had thrown it up on account of its short comings , would again renew their support , and that from that point , and the facilities thereby established for mutual communication , we might once more become a united boiy , and renew Freedom ' s battle . Besides , have we not an Executive Council in existence—certainly not so well supported on account of onr present disorganised state—but still they are the only legitimate and property elected head of the Democratic party . Men who deservedly possess the confidence of the people . Let the 3 e men Call a Convention when they find themselves in a condition to do bo ; which , as I understand from , their weekly addresses they are desirous of doing ; let a programme of future opera tions be laid down , and a systematic plan be adopted L %

      The Star Op Freedom And The " Crushers."...

      raising the necessary funds . Let us have done with factious feelings and " bigmanism , "aud I wilt warrant you wo shall soon get into a healthy position . I doubt not there are tbousmds looking quietly on who will give their cheerful support when something of this kind is attempted in a kindly spirit , not to " conciliate the middle class , " but to renew old friendships among ourselves . I have nothing to say on this vexed question of newspaper rivalry . Both parties are recognised by tho people , " There i ' s room enough for both , " drive a-head ! The most amusing part of the affair is in friend Longbottom ' s letter . It appears from that , that some of the Lancashire delegates have found out that you are no Chartist , and that my friend Kydd is

      nobody , because be has fought Libour '» battle in old King Dick ' s penny p : iper . Oh dear ! oh dear I ' ,. Tell that to John llHFeBj oldjttiteran , Ben . Rus . hton ,, of Ea ' af « t j ' Mavtin Jude , o " f yewcastIe ";™ £ o & hei meffof liuddersneld , Leeds , Bradford , and the Chartists of the-riVe *; Riding , who . put him forward as the chosen of Democracy atihe West , Riding election . The •' men of the north" will require Korae stronger proof than tho assertion of my funny friend Grocott , who was a fellow collegian of mine at Kirkdale caol , before they will resign their confidence in ypn or Mr . Kydd . I am , your sincere friend , Bradford , Yorkshire , Geokoe White . May 17 th , 1 S 52 .

      To The Editor Of The Stab Of Freedom. De...

      TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAB OF FREEDOM . Deau Sin . —Having this moment read the " Star of Freedom . " and " Reynolds ' s Weekly Newspaper , " with the " People's Paper , " (?) and read and re-read with astonishment the mean and underhanded manner the pro « motors of the " People ' s Paper" (?) attempt to stay the circulation of all others that may he started to adveoate the rights of tho down trodden people , I am at a losswe are all at " a loss—in a downright " fix , " to know the meaning of this " preference" of a paper that has but just made its appearance . ' ¦ ' Reynolds ' s" has now reached its 92 r , d number ; it is the same now in urinciple as the first . The " Star of Freedom" numbers t ' \ ro , and so does tho " People ' s Paper . (?) Why , in the name of Heaven , is the said " People ' s Paper" to he the organ of Chartism more

      tbaa any other ? To mc and all I have talked to on tho subject in Brighton , this is not only an impudent assumption of self-conceit in tho promoters , but a piece of the grossest tyranny that we , as professing Demoorats and Republicans abhor , viz . .- -shackling the " liberty of the press . " I very much fear that these very anxious Chartists , instead of making the " People ' s Paper for tho People ' s good , " . it will bo the ' « People ' s Paper for the people's harm , " and the sooner this little paltry upstart tyranny is put an end to in the " People ' s Cam p" the better . If the promoters of the "People ' s Paper " (?) choose to give half , or all , their profits , it does not prove their sincerity a bit the more . God knows , I would not throw any doubt or any hindrance in tho way of establish ing a paper for the benefit of the cause of Democracy ;

      but when one reads—an edict— " a decree , " . adopted by a London council recommending one particular paper as THE organ—as the only paper for the movement—I must tell this sapient board of dictators , that we , in Brighton , do not , nor will not , submit to such a Napoleonic decree . Tho more " Reynolds's , " the ^ more V' Stars , " the more " People ' s Papers" ( but better than the last , ) that we can get . so much will we gain on the enemy—so much more intelligence of the people will be ranked on our sido . What has Julian Harney , Gerald Massey , Linton , Kydd , or Bell done ; where is their treason , if any ? I have known thera as " good men and true'' in times gone by only by their deeds . I bavo known them to have been the ' same patriots through good and evil report . " Why , then , this petty little , mean , and dirty feeling ? " Let us hail every advocate to our cause— -let us give hearty welcome to every

      harbinger of our glorious principles . One thing more and I have done . There is one man yet we must get in the movement ' -, not only get him there , but keep him there-James Bronterre O'Brien—the man who in the first Convention represented more constituents than any other . Aye , and the man who has enlightened more than any other , the people of this country to a just appreciation of their rights , and a full and clear development of their wrongs , one who has gained the title of the schoolmaster , and the poor man ' s guardian . I ask , iu tho midst of all these bickerings why can ' t jou , the " people , " give O'Brien ^ the editorship of another " People ' s Paper . " I have worked for all Democratic papers without fee or reward , and will do so still . I am , yours fraternally . JfATHASIBL MOBHXO . Brighton , May 15 th , 1852 .

      To Tbe Editor Of Tub Stab Of Fbebdom. Si...

      TO TBE EDITOR OF TUB STAB OF FBEBDOM . Sin , —Deploring , as every true Democrat must do , the difference between yourself and Mr . Jones , I , nevertheless , feel it a duty incumbent upon me to state what are my opinions relative to your public career as an advocate of the rights of the people . My knowledge of you commenced in 183 S , when you established the Democratic Association in Berraondsey , and of which I was a youthful member . You have been continually before the public ; and I , having continued in the Chartist ranks to the present time , have

      taken great interest in your proceedings ; and I feel bound to say , that they have been consistent , and of great ad . vantage to the people ' s cause . Iroid with great interest your able articles in the " Star of Freedom , " and trust that you may be eminently successful in establishing it as one of the organs of the fast-increasing Democratic portion of the community . Make what use you please of this humble expression of my esteem for you , and believe me , yours fraternally , J . M . Mathias , 80 , Broad-street , Ratcliff , Loudon . May 17 , 1852 .

      TO THE EMIOB OP THE STAB OF FBEEDOM , Dear Sib , —At the close of Easter week I received the circular , announcing that you were once more to be the principal editor of the " Star . " Having admired you for many years , ior the bold and fearless manner ia which you have advocated the cause of the poor and the oppressed of all countries , I foltajpleasure iu having once more an opportunity of perusing your writings every week . I , therefore , determined to take the " Star . " . The threat of certain small parties to " crush" the " Star of Freedom , " is ridiculous ; and to attempt to do it would be the last degree of folly . I remain , yours fraternally , L . Seetchlby , P . S . —Sir , —As you are tho advocate of justice for all , it is necessary that you should know the condition of nil . I shall therefore send you an account of the state of trade , and the condition of the people in this district , in a few weeks . L . S . [ We shall bo much obliged by our correspondent ' s communications relative to tho condition of the people . ]

      The Following Are Extracts From A Letter...

      The following are extracts from a letter we have taken at random from a mass of such correspondence : — " I . will do all I can to support it , because I think it is the best Democratic paper I have seen yet . I entirely agree with its views on all the movements of the present day . " " I hope your paper will succeed as a worthy pioneer in the cause of progress . I see you are said'to be bought by the middle classes . I wish to God you and many more were bought to write what you are writing in the " Star , " we should soon get our rights ; but they may tell that to the marines—the tailors , at least , will not believe them , " " Paisley , May 10 th , 1852 . James Hatch & bd . "

      Lokdon Temperance League.—On Monday Even...

      Lokdon Temperance League . —On Monday evening the annual meeting of the friends of tho London Temperance League was held at Exeter-hall , Mr . Silk Buckingham presiding . The attendance was very scanty . The proceedings having been opened with prayer , the Chairman , addressing the meeting , expressed a hope that the paucity of the attendance would not be deemed an indication of any flagging of tho cause . The report stated that after the great temperance demonstration in August laat the com * mittee which had the management of it was formed into a permanent body , and the balance accruing from the demonstration was £ 470 . This committee had united with other bodies in the same cause , and was now a powerful body for the promulgation of the doctrines of the society . From 15 , 000 to 20 , 000 circulars and tracts had been issued , and this , including public meetings , entailed an expense of £ 100 per month . A considerable number of lecturers were engaged by the society , and some of these gentlemen were of very distinguished talent . A plan for registering the names and

      addresses of the members of the League had been adopted , with a view of annually publishing some interesting statistics as to the progress of the movement . - The report expressed a hope that the traffic in strong drink would shortly be brought under the attention of the Legislature by the agency of the members of the House of Commons in connexion with the League . The committee also intimated an intention of closing , if possible , several low places of public amusement , which had been productive of material demoralisation among the lower orders , and expressed a hope that the members of the association would come forward and assist them effectually in their endeavours . The report was agreed to to nem . dis „ and several gentlemen , among whom were the Rev . W . Forster , Mr . L , Heyworth , M . P ., the Rev . H . Solly , and Mr . W . Logan , having , in address ^ ing the assembly , pointed out at great length the social , physical , aud moral evils of intemperance , tho meeting die * per & ed after thanking the chairman ,

      Jtorrfgn &M (Swottttrt Intelhgin«,

      jTorrfgn & m ( SWottttrt IntelHgin « ,

      France. The Legitimists Against The Usur...

      FRANCE . The Legitimists against the Usurper—Ckangontier and Lamoriciere refuse the oath—Ominous Pronunciamento—Groivi-g unpopularity of the priesthood—The Proscription—The waina judgment *

      ( From our oiun Correspondent . ) The Me des Aiglcs , or , as you , Mr . Editor , have more properly denominated the recent monster humbug , the " Feast of the Vultures , " is already forgotten in the interest excited by the new attitude taken by the extreme Royalists ; by the'letters of the banished generals ; and by the antioath-swallowing movement now spreading far and wide . The London papers "ill have apprised you of the miserable termination of the fetes , and the dissatisfaction of the sight seeking multitude so lamentably "faken in " bythe shabby display of fireworks—typieai'c-f our "Prince President , " who has gone up a rocket , but will crime down a stick . " Will " —he has even now commenced his descent . His selfglorification on the 10 th was the last of his tinsel triumphs . The terrible silence , the unconcealed contempt , on the part of the people , must have been to him as the handwriting on the wall . Never shall I forget his haggard care-worn look , the expression so palpably proclaiming a mind ill at ease , a spirit consumed by anxiety , and the presence of coming retribution .

      The Count de Chambord—the miserable heir of _ the effete Bourbons—has at length taken ground against his ruffianrival at present "in possession . " Alarmed by tho evident advances of Bonaparte towards "the Empire , " the Count de Chambord has though it necessary to demand of his adherents that they abstain . from filling any office or place of trust , if " engagements or promises , contrary to their principle ? , are required from them . " He repeats the worn-out humbu ; , that the principle of which he is the representative , can alone restore to France her liberties , peace , and happiness . But lest there should be any mistake as to the intentions of this shadow of Royalty , he takes care to impress upon his followers that in case of need thoy must aid the existing government to " crush anarchical and Socialist doctrines . " It as true now as ever , that that these royal impostors , legitimate or bastard " forgot

      nothing and learn nothing . " They still cling to the ridiculous traditions and areas far as over from comprehending the new relation of governments to the proletarians nnd tillflrs of the soil . The government , whether Bonapartist , Legitimist , or Republican , . that dare not grapple with this lEueh abused socialism , ascertain what it contains of truth and justice , irrespective of systems or persons / and proceed to put into execution all that iteontains of the just and the true , that government , no matter its name , its force , its moans of corruption or coercion must fan . Doubtless France will see her liberties restored—will enjoy peace and happiness , but no thanks to the Connt de Chambord any more than to the bastard Bonaparte . If hismook " thf . jesty " is wise he will let France alone , and content himself with his present position , not so bad a one considering the misfortunes inflicted by his race upon this country .

      But this manifesto of the prescribed Bourbon is not unimportant . Doubtless a good many Legitimists will prefer the sweets of office at any price to exclusion therefrom , arid rather than be debarred from sharing the public plunder , will enter into any engagement with the usurper , and bolt any number of oaths he may require them to swallow . But , on the other hand , there must be many who will remain " loyal" to their convictions . To give the devil his due , a Legitimist will usually be found honest and conscientious , compared with an Orleanist or Bonapartist , and all refusing to swear fealty to the tyrant must weaken his position and accelerate his fall . Still greater sensation than that caused by the new position of the Legitimists has been excited by the letters of the Generals Ghangarnier and Lamoriciere .. As you may not have space for those letters in full , permit me to note a few passages . Changarnier ' s letter is dated " Malnies , the 10 th of May . " You may be sure the date was not a matter of accident .

      After reminding the Minister of War of his ( Chansarniev's ) services , he proceeds : — louis Napoleon Bonaparte has frequently attemp ted to make me swerve from the straight line which 1 had traced for myself , and to induce me to lend myself to his ambitious designs ; he has many times—very many times , offered and caused to be offered to me , not only the rank of Marshal , which I should have filled in the eyes of Erance without being thought to degrade it , but another military dignity which has never been revived since the fall of the Empire . He proposed to endow it with enormous pecuniary advantages , but which , thanks to the simplicity of my mode of life . I arrogate to myself no merit in having refused , j ferceiving at last that personal interest had ho influence over ray conduct , he attempted to act upon me by representing himself as resolved to prepare tho way ibr the triump h of the cause of monarchy , to which be believed me attached by predilection .

      After remarking that this last artifice also failed , and after denouncing the acts of iniquity and violence associated with the coiip d ' etat , the General concludes as follows : — The only French journal which meets my eyes here has just in . formed me of the decree which prescribes the form of oath to be taken by all in the service of the army . A paragraph , evidently drawn up with reference to the generals under proscription , allows them an interval of four montbs . I require no such extended period for deliberation on a point of duty and honour . This oath required by the perjurer who failed in his attempts to oorrtipt me I refuse . Ciungahnier .

      Changarnier ' s revelations contain nothing new—that is , nothing but what was generally believed long since . But they confirm that belief , They prove the unceasing perfidy and long meditated treason of the Usurper . Europe will not fail to contrast Changarnier ' s revelations with the blasphemies of the Archbishop of Paris , who ascribed Bonaparte ' s acts to the inspiration of Heaven ' . In some respects tho letter of Lamoriciere is even more telling than that of Changarnier , as the following extracts will show : —

      TO THE MINISTER OF WAK . General , —Torn from my home , thrown into prison , proscribed in contempt of the laws , I did not believe you would have gone so far as to ask me for an oath of fidelity to the man wSiose power , usurped by violenoe , is only roainf aintd by font . But a document emanating from your department contains a paragraph which evidently applies to the generals who have been banished , and imposes on them the obligations of the oath . Two months aie allowed to those who reside iu Belgium to reply to this summons . I hear it said on all sides that the oath is not binding towards a person who has not kept his own . Widely as this doctrine is now used / reject it-delay I 'to > w { remdre—the oath I refuse .

      How must the Usurper shrink on reading these withering words ! Yes , it is true , thousands who have taken the oath will abjure it the first favourable opportunity . As a matter of course , the Bonapartist journals are furious , Lamoriciere is described as a mere ignorant soldier and a most incompetent general . Ae to Changarnier , his hostility to the Republic , his brutal coercion of the Republicans , his Quixotic proposal to invade England , with many more detectable matters , are rehearsed by Granier de Cassagnac , and ether writers of the same stamp . De Cassagnac , as is

      well known , will stick at nothing ; I am , therefore , not surprised to find that already , he has been denounced as an infamous calumniator , by Mole , whose name he had cited as that of a witness to the truth of certain charges against Changarnier . " " Altogether this is a very pretty quarrel as it stands . The African general ' s revelations ana denunciations proclaim the villany of Bonaparte ; while the counteraccusations levelled at the generals will at least serve to remind the people that these men of the s & bre , also helped to destroy the Republic . The Future will do both parties justice *

      p Perhaps the most remarkable and ominous event of _ the time is the wide-spread refusal of members of the Councils-General , Municipal , Councillors , Judges , and other functionaries to take the oath prescribed by Bonaparte . A mere list of the names of the persons composing this formidable opposition would occupy far more space than you could afford . As a natural consequence , alarm and confusion pervade the Councils of the Elysee . One Heokeren , a " senator , " and willing tool of the tyrant , has been despatched to Vienna on a " confidential mission ; " whether to propitiate the northern powers by explaining away anything offensive in the " feast of the eagles , " or to get at the secrets connected with the recent movements of the autocrat—time will tell .

      The other day a mass was celebrated at the Church of St . Eustache , for the purpose ot blessing four 6 « st 3 of Louis Napoleon ; which busts were subsequently stuck up in the New Central Market . There disgusting fooleries excite the ridicule of all the sensible portion of the population . Every day the servile priesthood become more and more unpopular , The proscription of the Republicans COntinueSi Scarcely a day passes but numbers are arrested or driven from the country . Thousands of families , deprived of their natural protectors , are in a state of the most denlorable distress .

      But little attention is given to the proceedings of the corps legislatif . It would seem , however , that even that despicable body is exhibiting signs of life , anything but agreeeble to the master of the state , The progress of the committee on the budget in their labours is beginnin g to give serious umbrage . It is stated that instead of a deficit of 40 , 000 , 000 of francs , as stated by the ministry , there will be a deficit of at least 100 , 000 , 000 in the budget of 1853 . All this time the public money is being lavished with the most shameful profusion . So , with a bankrupt treasury in prospect , the pronunciamento against the oaths , and the m . \ rked coldness , not to say hostility , of the north-eastern

      France. The Legitimists Against The Usur...

      powers , there is wery prospect of a speedy and inglorious termination to the career of the libertioid . il traitor . His hour approaches , and TVhen he falls , he falls like lucife .-, Never to rise again . Paris , Thursday . — G ncral MacMahon quitted Constantino , May 0 th , with an army of ten thousand men , to undertake an expedition against Kabuha . Edward Murray has been sent to Ancona , it is supposed for

      execution-MOVEMENTS OF THE AUTOCRAT . The Emperor A'ichoia . - ? left Vienna for Berlin by way of 1 rague 0 a the night of the 11 th inst . A review , a manoouvre , a Prater-promenade , a grand tattoo executed by si- \ military bands Mid a couple of dozen of extra drums , nlhii VOvi 3 lts tothu Courc theatre , afforded the Vienna ,-l i „ , . ry {' "durable opportunities of seeing the Impe" •' 1 guest , lo Wfl 8 at ^ 5 ( ie ) 1 on th 6 12 tll > J ^ "' * riT .-Tlio Emperor of Russia arrived last QuoInit rr halt P »« eight at Potsdam . The King and <* w « u ot Hanover are exp , cte ( i to arrive here to-dayf

      GERMANY . EevcraKoSn ^ ' Uas nnn ° «« ced in the Chamber Ii . « S 7 ^?^^ tatto Oim * tntion afI «& ascends tho throve EriH :, » f > rdw | f ' ° wWoh " * KIn 2 of the old Cons n . H ™ \ lrtue ° f a patent , the 14 th article s Kiuisa sSe ^^ ^ ? r an hereditary monarchy . S o or eh ,, ™ prin ° ' pl ? ° i in the same spirit . cUa " ° 3 are «»« nred A number of police agonfa of various German Stit « mve lately been sent to Frankfort and its 2 "JJJ to watch the proceedings of several person affi ^ d to be tot . bE * " ° tare Irttely " ** « 32 ^ . From Austria wo learn that the Ban Je ! lachich has found it necessary to issue a proclamation , prohibiting the un licensed possession of arms among the people subjected to his government .

      ITALY . The last accounts from Turin , received at the Piodniontese Legation , Paris , state that the entire Cabinet had U noered its resignation to the King , who had charged the Marquis of Azegljo , President of the retiring Ministry , to construct another . " Home , May 10 , —The papal authorities uphold that they have , conducted the trial of Edward Murray with all fitting justice and impartiality . The fate of the condemned man is as yet undecided .

      UNITED STATES . OUR AMERICAN CORRESPONDENCE . Immense Immigration during April—Extermination of the Aborigines—Slaughter of Indians at " Ilappu Camp "Jwsiuth atBimUrhill : Eloquent Speech and Enthusiastic JJemonslration—Robbery of Kossuth's Treasurer . ( From our own Correspondent J D „ „ # 1 . ^ ew York , May 5 , 1852 , n > tho British and Sorth American steamship Asia , the fleetest of the royal line , 1 send you a summary of the chief events that have trsnspircd on this fcid 0 since the sailing of the Arctic on tho 1 st inst .

      During the month of April , just closed , nea r l y thirty thousand immistants have arrived in this port , of which a full half hare come from the port of Liverpool , the remainder are thus distributed :-From Ireland ( of course a large proportion of those included in the Liverpool return foJ TT ? Ire ! and ' ) L 794 ; Scotland , C 22 ; Bremen , 5 , 230 ^ Hamburg , 1 , 159 ; Havre , 4 . W 0 ; Antwery , 2 , 058 ; Rotterdam , 397 ; Scandinavia , 17 ; French ports 5 ; Italian ports , 5 ; Spanish pirfcj , 2 ; Chagres and , ™» . 1 . 516 ; and different other ports , S 3 . Tho other

      day a party of whites went- down to a place rather inappropriately , called " Happy Camp , " where thoy raised a crowd , came up the Klama h River , collec ting miners on their way up , and on the morning of the 12 th surrounded two lodges at the Indian ferry , and shot all the men , several squaws , and destroyed tbe rancho . Tho same scene was enacted at Indian Flat , two miles s & ovebut one escaping ,.. and he was wounded . Some thirty or forty Indians were killed , and two whites wounded , one bad e . The squaws and children wore left in Scott ' a YMer , mourning over their hard fate aud begging for bread .

      On Monday last , the 3 rd instant , Kossuth was enthusiastically received by the people of Charleston . Ihere was a grand demonstration at Bunker-hill , whore the Hungarian eelivered an appropiate speech , alluding in eloquent terms to the Martyrs of liberty , who had fallen on that memorabld fiele . Ho said he was proud of his country , and of the noble manner in which her people were now behaving . Greater and nobler yet in its present sufferings , than when it bore up against a world in arms , and raised its country ' s tame higher in its very fall th . ui it . stood ever In its brightest days . The responsibilities of my position ( he continued ) well guard me from easily believing what I'varmly wish . I weigh calmly every incident . But joy is so communicative that I cannot forbear so muchto say , that Ihavo reason to bo proud oi my people , and how with profound veneration

      at us name . The tidmga I receive , entitle me to say : — " Young Nero in Vienna's old walls—they mayest rage and pour the embers of thy fury over my ' people ' s head —thou mayest raise thy scaffold and people thy dungeons with thousands of new victims , and drain tho life-sweat of my people and whip it with the iron rod of thy unparalled tyranny . « I defy thee to break my people ' s highminded spirit—foolish boy ! Thou mayest torture . my family—break the heart of my old mother—murder my sisfers , and send forth thy assassins against him who , with ill-fated but honest generosity , once save thy crown . Thou mayest do all that thau canst—thy days are numbered —thy power is sailing , nnd my country mn > t he free , "

      Mr . Hajnik , Kossuth ' s treasurer , was robbed between Newark and Springfield , of nearly 400 dollars ; it was his all Ho is a worthy man , and bis loss excites substantial sympathy . Yesterday , the 4 th of May , Kossulh , aetompauied by Governor Boutwell , visited Cambridge , Harvard College , the Observatory , and Mount Auburn , and dined at the residence of Professor Longfellow . He made no public apecches . Later Intelligence . —Thy Franklin ute-im ship from Xew York , arrived at Southampton on Thursday , the 20 th inst . Hem / Clay , the celebrated Whig statesman , was apparently at tho polat of death . He had very strongly warned his countrymen against intervention ia Europe . Ivoasuth had met with a ' good reception in Lowell , and largo subscriptions raised . Mr . Peargus O'Connor had arrived in Hew York , and had taken up his quarters at the Irving-house .

      Fkost, Williams, And Jones. The Time Has...

      FKOST , WILLIAMS , AND JONES . The time has now arrived when the Democracy of Bnirland should make one determined effort to accomplish their fneuom . llemem . ber , that those men arc enduring the horrors of banishment from their native land on account of their having been engaged in a strusglefor their country's liberty , it may be they did not adept the best means for such , a glorious object to be realised ; but wj ought not , for one moment , let this deter us from making the attempt .. As we have now what might be termed a new government , and one that is in no way concerned with their exile , why should not we at once ask them to restore our sufferitig brothers to tho land of their birth » If a deputation of London Chartists , or aay other body of men , could bo induced to wait upon three or four independent members of the House of Commons , and ask them to form a deputation to the government upon the matter , we think , if earnestly taken up , good would be the result . V . 'ith reference to Ellis and others , we think that as one argu . ment against the motion on the previous occasions , was tha

      coupling of his name in asking for the liberation of Frost , Williams , and Jones , it would not be politic to ask for his liberation with theirs . We think our object attainable ; nnd , when accomplished , then m can ask for the liberation of others . When Colonel Thompson was down here just before this scssien opened , we asked , , him to present a petition , or make a motion for their release . . Ho i said he would . At Easter he visited us again ; and after putting us i to the trouble of getting up a requisition to the Mayor , or to > convene a meeting , he said , in reply to some correspond : nf , he j could do nothing in the matter . When questioned , hesuid he s would do all in his power to procure their release , having said iu i a letter he would do nothing towards it . These are the men who o hold up to execration Lord Derby and his followers , because of f their enmity towards Democracy and Free Trade ; and these are e the men who betray those who , to promote the success of Demo- - cracy , are bold enough to confront a long and weary imprisonment , t . This appeal , we trust , wilt not be made in vain . Never mind former r disappointments ; let us try again—now—at once . If we make not it the effort at once , let us remember , then , that we are on the eve of if

      a general election , and it should be made a point in the choice of tf a candidate , that ho will move , or vote , for the liberation of Frost , t , Willi ams , Jones , and all the other victims of class legislation . All II candidates rejecting this test , should be scouted as enemies to o Democracy , and as being unworthy to hold in trust the liberties of > f the people . Joseph Albeeson . George Demain . Thomas Wncocx . IVjuum Smith . I {[ The great demand upon our columns has compelled abridgment t of the above address . We have endeavoured , however , not to omit it anything that was essential , Our friends , lvhen writing the above ; i ; seemed to have been unaware that exertions have been making for > r some time past to accomplish the object they hare in view . Tho 18 case of Mr . Frost ( who had expressed an earnest desire to return n to his native land ) was taken up some time since by Messrs . Dun- ncombe , Hume , and Walmsley , and brought under the notice of tho 18 present government . Mr , Secretary Walpole has promised to take ) ie ) into his most serious eottsideratton the evidence adduced in support rfc of Mr . Frost ' s liberation ; and the friends of that unfortunate exile He are sanguine that their labours will be crowned with success , ^ ,- « ECIIOB , ' ]

      General Abihub O'Cokkor. — "Galignam" Ha...

      General Abihub O'Cokkor . — "Galignam" hasabio « io « graphical notice of this veteran , who died a few days agO , ; o , in his ninetieth year , at his residence near Montargis , Ha Ha was an Irishman by birth , and in early life was a memhecbec of the Irish Parliament . He belonged to the United Irish- shmen , and formed one of the five members of the Directors WJ which was to put in movement that vast association . In ' In , '; 1706 the United Irishmen , aiming openly at throwing ing off the rule of England , General Hoche ' s expeditionion was decided on . It , however , failed signally , andjnd , Arthur O'Connor and another member of the Irishfishi

      Directory came over to the Continent , andhadanintoraevjievji with General Hoche at Frankfort , but it was not thatgene « me « ral who attempted tho second descent . General Humbertiert ; landed on August 22 , 1798 , at Killala , with 1 , 500 men , butbut ; the second French division not having followed from wan . fifan . fi & of funds , Humbert and all his men wore obliged to lay layr down their arms on September 8 th following . Arthuchuxc O'Connor , meanwhile , had been arrested at Margate , and audi all his papers seized . This brought to light the correspon ^ oni . i denco of the United Irishmen with the French Directoryiory , - ,

      and several of the Irish leaders were arres : ed . O' Oonnor > nor , v before the day fixed for his trial had arrived , succeededededd in escaping to France , and was well received b y the FiratFiralll Consul , who gave him the | title of general of divisM M , ill the French army . He afterwards married doroet , and was intimate with all the persons meet at the house of Madame flelvetius , and M : de Tracy's . He published an edition works , and some pamphlets on the politie Great Britain and Ireland . Of late years his estate at Bignon , near Montargis , where only sop , Mi Daniel O'Connor , died abou ,

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  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 22, 1852, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_22051852/page/1/