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Northern Star (1837-1852), 21st July 1849, Edition 2 of 3, Page 5, The House of Commons has shown its antip...

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      The Protectionists, Are Becoming Financi...

      quarterly cteque for their salaries . We should further have no objection to take not ten but twenty-five per cent , from the salaries of all the higher-paid Officers of State . In America the hi ghest and most important situations are filled by eminent men for less than one-half the salaries , in many eases that are paid in ibis country . The President of the United States has just half the salary paid to our ambassador at Paris , and precisely the amount paid to Lord Johx Eusseix and the principal Secretaries of State . We think that the Marquis of jSoemaxby might contrive guarterlY Cheone for thftf r snlariPB "VVo cl . ^ 1 / 1

      to perform his ambassadorial duties very -well for the same sum that is paid to the United States Minister in London , namely , £ 2 , 000 instead of £ 10 , 000 ; and we certainly believe that £ 3 , 750 a year paid to the Secretaries of State , would be a very ample allowance , apart from the consideration that that sum will really now purchase as much in the market as £ 5 , 000 , would have done when the salary was lastfixed . Certainl y , if the operation of competition and Free Trade is to reduce prices and wages generall y , there can be no solid reason why the Government employes should be exempted from the operation . Mr . Hesley got upwards of 100 members to vote with him , most of whom , however , we ore happy to say

      , repudiated his proposal to cut down such poorly paid servants as postmen and others . The largeness of the minority ought to warn the Government to set their house in order , and- to look at home when pondering how they oan meet the growing demand for economy . In a short time the Income Tax will expire . They must he either prepared with well consideredreductions tothat amount , or it will have to be renewed , and we suspect that any proposal of that Mud will not meet with so favourable a reception as heretofore . It is a gross act of oppression and injustice to a particular class of the community , and ought not to betblesated for an hour longer than the duration of the present act .

      N Quarterly Cteque For Their Salaries. W...

      JgLY 21 , 1849 , THE N RTHERN STAR . 5 I ^ " " *"' - " ' " """ '"''" j——^—muMMfM-ju 1 -in ... , inam iiMfnn . 11 ,

      The House Of Commons Has Shown Its Antip...

      The House of Commons has shown its antip hilanthropic tendencies , and determined opposition to any legislation on behalf of Labour , this week , by its decided rejection of the Journeyman Baker ' s Bill . LordR . Gkosvevob , in iutroducing it , drew an affecting and appalling picture of the evils generated by the practice of working this class of men during the night , a practice for which there does not exist the slightest necessity , and urged upon thc House , that it had already in other instances acted upon the principle of protecting labour . But Mr . Cobdex and the political economists . are in the ascendent . The moment that such measures are proposed , they raise the cry of

      " Communism , " and talk about "the freedom of labour , " as if everybody did not inow the most helpless of all slaves on earth is the so called free labourer , who is absolutely at the mercy ef the capitalists . His only " freedom consists in choosing the alternative of working for insufficient wages , under circumstances that shorten and embitter his life , or of sinking into a pauper or criminal . So long as the master-class and political economists , who profit by usury , have the monopoly of Parliament , so long will any beneficial legislation for the grievances of Labour be impossible . It is like setting a Parliament of wolves to legislate for sheep . The onl y use wolves can possibly see in sheep , is to be proved upon .

      The Much Tallied Of Nuisance, Smithfield...

      The much tallied of nuisance , Smithfield Market , has been the subject of a debate in the Commons a # er having formed the subject of an investigation by a Select Committee . This is the second time it has been inquired into , and on both occasions the Select Committee reported against its continuance . Mr . MiCKixxox , the Chairman , in moving that -the House should act on these reports , set

      -forth the injuries to public health and comfort which arose from the crowded and inappropriate site of the Market , hut failed in eliciting from Government any pledge that the nuisance should be removed . Mr . Mackissox , however , is a wonderfully accommodating gentleman—he withdrew his motion , as he did not—good easy man—wish to embarrass the Government .

      The Commons Work Late And Early. They Me...

      The Commons work late and early . They meet at noon , and generally separate about tvro o ' clock the next morning : one morning it was nearl y three ! An immense mass of Bills of one description or other are daily disposed of , but it would puzzle any one to estimate thefr value or describe their intent . In proportion to the inability of the Legislature to produce any great or beneficial measure , its powers of giving birth to a Lilliputian progeny increases . We live in an age of small men and small things , the most conspicuous dwarfs being Lord J . Eussell and his Cabinet .

      4.—The Best Means Of Dealing With Such S...

      4 . —The best means of dealing with such subscribers as may be dissatisfied with the Company , or who may refuse to conform to the arrangements of the Conference . 5 . -Appointment of necessary officers to carry out whatever arrangements Conference may adopt . G . —Whether or no the Company shall be woundup . , » Tl . n l . rx =-+ -nVnone rvF HnoIinfT iritll RTlfill

      XATICXNAL LAIfD COMPAJST . PROGRAMME OF BUSINESS TO BE SUBMITTED TO CONFERENCE OX THE 6 ih OF AUGUST , 1 S 49 . 1 . —Eeport as to thc general position of the Company . 2 . —Balance Sheet , and appointment of Auditing Committee . 3 . —Whether thc Old Company shall be merged into the 2 vew one , based npon the principle of the Building Societies' Act

      Receipts Of The Rational Land Company. F...

      RECEIPTS OF THE RATIONAL LAND COMPANY . Fob the Week Exdixg Thobsdat , July 19 , 1849 . SHARES . £ s . A . £ s . d . Oswaldtwistle .. 2 0 0 J . Guilford .. » J « XottJnjdiam .. 0 13 1 L . Armstrong .. 0 2 0 Kajland .. Oil G C . Moni .. 0 2 0 Koehdale .. 14 2 J . Tigurs .. 0 5 C W . Eden .. 0 7 0 T . Hodge .. 0 3 0 . 1 . Greenwood .. 0 2 0 21 . Guilford .. QIC £ 010 3

      MONIES RECEIVED . FOR THE PURCHASE OF MATHON . G . H ., Leeds .. 10 0 0 J . mi , Sheffield CO 0 0 E . JL , London .. IB 4 1 L , Manchester w 10 0 J . C ., Carlisle .. 4 0 0 Jas . L ., Ditto .. ^ SalOO J . S ., 5 owerhy .. » ° ? „„ . „ . r . E ' ciaphaii .. 8 0 0 gW 2 4 S . P . ' Euand .. CIO 0 n TOTALS . land Fund w ? - ? Mathon f „ % $ Loan ditto u z " £ 212 15 1 W . Dixos , C . Doile , T . CtiHK , Cor . Sec . P . M'Gmra , Rn . See . EXECUTIVE FUND . K «* ivPd fcv S . Ktdd . — Newcastle , £ 2 3 s . ; Sunderland , «^ l £ J 2 sU . 3 * - 5 SwalwelL 14 s . ; Camp Meelins 5 elSf ^^ ffl ^« i , 10 s . ; loamoraen , per J . Peel , FOR COST OF MACNAMARA'S ACTIONdeceived at Lam > Ohice . —Mr . Gaseley , 2 s . ; 6 . W ., Is . ; r f ] s _ . Phillip il-Grath , 5 s . ; William JMxon , 5 s . ; Thos Clark , 5 s !; Christopher Doyle , 5 s . Beceived by J . Askott . — Whitfington and Cat perB . Xewley , Cs . Bet-eh-edDjW . Rider . —^ Collected at Dodford , per W . Ruohall S « - J . Wells , Waterloo Town , Bethnal Green , Is . ; 2 fotnn , himwj-J . Sweet 19 i : Judderminsteiv per G . Sol iowav , 4 s . SO . j J . alaTerly , deritemveU Green , 2 s . 6 cL ; J . SkevWfaro , loughborough . Gi : collected byT . QarE I ^ Srffugh , is . 2 d . ; 1 L Pashley , Sheffield . Gd . ; W . DavU ^ n , Ayr , Is . ; J . Knsfe . Ayr , 6 d ; Mr . IL Patterson , iondon , is . ; J . Iffllfogton , Cd . if . Johnson , 63 . ; J . _ Hoyle , Cd - P Taylor , Is . ; Katelifie Bridge , 6 s . ; J . "Ward , as . ' VICTIM FUND . HpapitpiI bv S . Kvdd . —Bury , per Mr . Jones , 2 s . —Be JrtLztLxn OnU-Jfr . Flak , 2 s . 6 d . j PJ . iBip HBott

      Receipts Of The Rational Land Company. F...

      Received by W . Rider .- !) . Morr ison , Swindon New Town , is . ; H . H ., Ditto , is . ; R . S ., ditto , 6 d . ; P . Brown , surgeon , FaUsworth , near Manchester , 2 s . 6 d . ; J . Stansfield , Hotherham , is . ; BateUffe Bridge , is . FOR WIVES AND FAMILIES OF VICTIMS . Received by W . Rider . —J . Irving , Ashhy de Ia Zoucli Cd . J , Kerr , Ditto , Cd . ; A . Smith , Ditto , Gd . ; collected at Dod ' ford , per W . Rudhall , 3 s . Id . ; New Radford , per J . Saun ders , 2 s . 93 . j J . Mayman , Ramsgate . 3 s , Cd . ; W . Lewis Queen-street , Soho , Is . 10 d . ; Birmingham , Ship Inn ner J . yen-house , £ 110 s . ; Longton , Staffordshire , i » r w

      FOR KIRKDALE PRISONERS . Eeceivedl » yS . KrM ) . —Crag ' s Mill , per Mr . Palmer Cs 5 d FOR THE HUNGARIANS . ' Received hy "W . Rideb . —Lynn , Messrs . Scott Barnes and Porter , Is . 6 d . ; a few Democrats , Queen-street SW field , 3 g . 4 d . eet ' !> hef-NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . Received by J . . Akkott .-SS , Golden-lane , per Thomas Brown , Cs . CW . ; Mr . Rider as per Star , £ >> Us . sd . ; Mr . Homes , Sheffield , per Mr . HiU , 3 s . Cd—Total , JE 3 Is . Sid . John Arnott has also received from Mr . Thome , Poplar , Gdes ' s Manual of Algebra , Guide to Boulogne ( two copies ) , and two bottles of Dutch Drops , to be disposed of for the benefitof the Victims .

      Letters To The Working Classes. Lih. " W...

      LETTERS TO THE WORKING CLASSES . LIH . " Words are things , and a small drop of ink Falling—like deiv—upon a thought , produces That which makes thousands , perliaps millions , think . " bison .

      PROGRESS OF THE EEACTIO ^ WAIKES . BKOTHER PnOLETAKIAfc'S , The march of the enemies of Humanity is rapid ; one by one our strong positions are lost to us j day hj day tidings arrive that our friends are butchered , or prisoners , or fugitives . Emboldened hy their victories the enemies of Freedom have thrown off all disguise , and proclaim openly their infamous designs . Their aim is to more than restore the tyranny of the past . They purpose to inflict a system of slavery upon the people more murderous and more corrupting than any description of serfdom yet imposed upon the working classes ; and they will succeed unless prevented by

      TERROR , The people of France and Germany have novr had . a lesson which will surel y not be forgotten should they ever again occupy the position they held in March , 1848 . Henceforth , when a country is in a state of revolution , the man who shall dare to preach " forbearance , " " moderation , " "forgiveness , " and "fraternity , " with the eternal enemies of

      justice , will , I trust , be scouted and punished as a public enemy . Between the proletarians and their natural enemies—the idlers and robbers of society—there must be neither peace nor trace . As well expect a sense of justice and right to govern the actions of blood-lapping tigers and ravenous wolves , as hope to find any regard for those principles on the part of such ruffians as those who govern France at the present time .

      Day by day the traitorous majority vote the seizure of those members of the French Assembly whose honesty renders them inimical to the Government . Wherever a leading patriot can be found , he is hunted down and flung into a dungeon . Well mi ght Baebes , inspired by a too correct foresight , observe to his judges , — " What can I care about being shut up in a dungeon ? Its walls will prevent me witnessing the evils to mitigate which I am powerless . ' '

      What wonder that in the recent elections , the Democrats were in almost every instance defeated ? I am surprised not at their defeat , but , seeing that their journals are suppressed , and them leaders fugitives or in prison , I am surprised that they mustered any votes at all . Believing this to be a favourable moment to complete the counter-revolution , the Royalist , Buouapartist , and Bourgeois Conspirators are plotting day and night to strangle the Republic—that Uepublic which the peijured villains have sworn to defend . A' week or two back , the correspondent of the London Globe

      announced with no little glee , that more than a hundred members of the Assembly were banded together and pledged to make an immediate efibrfc for the restoration of Monarchy . The correspondent of the Morning Herald of this day , announces that at the Bourse , and even within the walls of the Assembly , the conspirators are openly talking of the projected change of government , This same correspondent intimates , that the Republicans who are resolved to defend the present form of government , are to be branded and punished as " conspirators , " by those who are conspiring

      to destroy that government , should the latter g et the upper hand J Is not this the sublimity of villany ? The Herald's man adds , that "the immediate rumour of the day points to a prolongation of the executive power , and a modification of Universal Suffrage ; and the names of very influential parties are cited as favouring these ideas of change . " In its City article , the Standard of this evening reports that thc counter-revolutionary conspiracy in Paris is the subject of discussion amongst oar money-mongers , who are anticipating that on the attempt being made to give the finishing

      blow to the Republic , a repetition of the scenes of ' 48 will take place in Paris . Our mammonworshippers are speculating on seeing the Republicans the victims of another massacre like unto that over which Cayaigkac presided in the four days of Jnne . In fact , the usurers and blood-suckers of this country are in . alliance with their class all over Europe , and are in the thick of all the plots organised for the destruction of Democracy .

      I warned y ou in my last week ' s letter not to put trust in the lying reports of the French papers ( repeated in the " Times ' and many other of our lying journals ) as tothe joyful reception the French troops met with on their entry into Rome . I showed you how impossible it was for the patriots who had survived that city ' s fall , and for the widows and orphans of the heroes who had shared that fall , to give any other welcome to the French than that which their crimes so well entitled them

      to : curses both loud and deep . I was right . Tou will find in this number of the " Star " ample refatationofthe falsehoods of the French and English organs of our enemies . Tou will see that the only cries with which the French were greeted wore those of " Death to Qu » ijfOT ! " "Down with the priestsI" "Viva l'ltalia ! " " Viva la Republica Iiomana !" Tou will read of the unarmed men who , bearing aloft the flag of the Roman Republic , bared their breasts to the bayonets of the French , crying : — " Strike us—kill unarmed men , ye infamous papal assassins 1 "

      The brigand Oudinot attacked , besieged , bombarded , and entered Rome , to ( as he said ) restore " order and liberty . " Behold his order and liberty . The Roman Assembly elected by Universal Suffrage he has dissolved by force , driving the members from their hall at the point of the bayonet . He has planted loaded artillery in the streets ready to fire on the people , should they give the least sign of commotion . He has suppressed the clubs and forbidden public meetings . He has put down the journals and established in their stead one sole sheet of libellous lies , published to insult the Eomans and laud their Algerine conquerors . He has dissolved the Civic Guard . He has

      decreed a general disarming . He has ordered that all public places shall be closed , and the people be driven from the streets by force at nine o'clock every evening . ~ " Ton want order , "says Oudetot ' s Man-Friday , General Rostolak— « Tou want order , inhabitants of Rome , andlwillguaranteeittoyou . " Tes , the '' order " of military terrorism . The imblushing Bjrigand adds : — " Those who intend to prolong your oppression shall find in mean inflexible severity . " Good ! Who are the oppressors ? Rostolax himself , ; his fellow cut-throats , and their most worthy leader QuMlfOT . Who could be surprised if they were treated to a dose of " inflexible severit y" on the part of

      The Victims Of Their Oppression. Oud Ino...

      the victims of their oppression . Oud inot still pretends to talk about "a factious minority , " from whose rule he has released the Romans . He knows that he lies . The immeasurable hatred of the people upon whom he at present tramples , he is too well aware of ; his . " measures of repression" testify his fears . You will see that the city was not yielded until , not the hearts , but the ammunition of the Romans failed them . I speak of the

      Roman people who , with Garibaldi and his heroes , would have fought the assassins hand to hand iu the very streets of the city ; but there was division in the ranks of the city's defenders . What I anticipated in my last week ' s letter proves fo have been the fact the middle-class shrunk from the last struggle . Perhaps it is as well that that last struggle was avoided ; as it is , the mass of the Roman Proletarians are alive and read y for the next struggle .

      The letter of Mazzini resigning the Triumvership , when he found that the defence of the city was to be abandoned , and the address of himself and colleagues to the people announcing their resignation , are documents which will be long treasured in the grateful memory of every true Roman . The last act of the Triumvirs was not the least glorious of their official deeds . Mazzini has won for himself the admiration and homage of the people of every land . One fact I rejoice at . The Pops' has sent a letter of thanks to Oudinot and his army for

      their victory over the Romans , whom he designates "the enemies of human society . " Pius adds , that he offers up his prayers to the Almighty for Oudinot and the French army , and bestows upon both his " apostolicbenediction . " Excellent ! Pius prays for and blesses murderers and ravagers who have filled " the capital oi the Christian world'' with blood and desolation ! So sunders the last link which bound him and his office to the affections of the people . Burrah ! Pius has sealed the doom of the vile superstition of which he is the principal rejjresentative . "What Lutheii could not effect Pius has

      accomplished . That enslaving superstition which yet holds so many nations in thrall , is henceforth a thing of the past in Italy . Venice is yet unconquered , but her doom may be anticipated . Palmerston has refused to recognise that Republic ' s independence ; and , in reply to an appeal for assistance , has advised submission to the Austrians . He takes his stand on the treaty of Vienna—a treaty which has been over and over again violated . You will not heed my appeal , I fear ; nevertheless , with all my heart and soul I cry to you , to demand—nationally demand—that English force be sent to the Adriatic to sustain Venetian valour .

      Our unfortunate German brothers are discomfited , proscribed , and massacred . With the exception of the fortress of Rastadt , where the besieged Republicans yet maintain a hopeless struggle , the Democratic cause is lost for the present , and order reigns in Germany . The overwhelming force of Russia and Austria combined bids fair to accomplish the destruction of Hungary . The Magyars are reported to have suffered a defeat , before Comorn , and to have lost Pesth , Buda , and several other cities . Still all is not lost . The struggle—even should the Hungarians suffer

      defeat after defeat—must continue for some weeks yet , perhaps months to come . There is yettiniG for you to speak out , - and declare that Hungary shall not be Polandised . If you are nien ? L-if you are not the most craven , selfish , heartless , wretches on the face of this earth , you will for the moment concentrate all your thoughts , your energies , and your efforts in support of one object—the salvation of Hungary . You have permitted the assassination of Rome ; for the sake of Humanity do not he guilty of the like crime in the case oi Hungary . Meet—assemble—agitate—petition —demand British intervention in behalf of

      Hungary . Men of London , two meetings are announced for next week , in favour of Hungary ; one at the London Tavern on Monday , at 12 for 1 o ' clock ; and the other at the John-street Institution , on Tuesday evening , at 8 o ' clock . I trust you will attend in your thousands , and raise a cry for Hungary—a cry strong enough to rouse Powning-street to action—and loud enough to excite joy in the camp of Kossuxn , and terror in the councils of the Kaiser , and the Tsar . L'AMIDUPEUPLE . July 19 th , 1849 .

      Parliamentary And Financial Reform. Anot...

      PARLIAMENTARY AND FINANCIAL REFORM . Another district meeting of the members of the Metropolitan and Financial Reform Association was held last night in the Standard Theatre , Shoreditch , under the usual presidency ol Sir Joshua Walmsley , M . l \ So great was the pressure for admittance , and so large the number of persons disappointed , that it was deemed expedient to hold a branch meeting simultaneously at the British School-room , Cowper-street , City-road , under tlie presidency of Mr . " Wilkinson , the treasurer of the Association . Among the persons present on the platform of the original meeting , were Messrs . G . Thompson , M . P . ; L . Hcvworth , M . P . '; John "Williams , M . P . ; F . O'Connor , M . P . ; W . Williams , ( formerly M . P . for Coventry ) , & c .

      The CiuiejiAlV , after reading a letter of apology from Sir "W . Clay , proceeded to address the meeting . He entreated the working classes to show by then' orderly and peaceful conduct , and by thc moderation and practical character of their opinions , that they were fitted for the exercise of the franchise . He repudiated on the part of thc association any desire to break faith with the public creditor , as had calumniouslybeeu imputed to them . Their desire was not to destroy the just rights of any class , but to do equal justice to all . They desired to enforce the strictest possible economy in every department of the state , to obtain a more equal distribution of taxation , to see property bearing its just share of the burdens which it ; entailed ,

      to prevent the sinews of war from being squandered in a time of peace , and to extend the suffrage so as to make tho House of Commons tho fair exponent of thc opinions of the whole country . ( Cheers . ) For those purposes ho wished to see the middle and working classes cordially united , and not , as formerly , broken up into numerous small sections , some insisting for one thing , and some for another ; sonic contending for household Suffrage , others for manhood suffrage , and others standing out for the Charter , the whole Charter , and nothing but the Charter —( cheers ); each seetion following its own will , irrespective of tho means bjr which its object could bo obtained , ana thus all fallinsr an eas ' v prey to the enemies of social

      improvement . [ A Chartist . —" Join us , then ! . ' ] ( Cheers . ) He begged those from whom that cry proceeded to mark what he said—there never was a time , in his opinion , in which there was a fairer prospect than now of progressive reform . A"e middle classes were disposed to aid them m obtaining an extension of the electoral list from l . luu . uw to 4 , 000 , 000 of voters , a more equal apportionment of members , the abolition of aproperty qp h fication , the establishment of the ballot , and a hmit afcion oi the duration of parliaments . He asked the wiaitists , therefore , to join that movement , remenibeung that concession was not compromise , ae ue w = " to remind them that in high quarters a disposition had lately been manifested to repudiate finality . There was a shaking among thc advocates or » Re sponsible power . " Was it not worth while to niahe some personal sacrifices in order to take advantage ored tnem

      of these symptoms ? ( Cheers . ) Heimp , therefore , to let all past animosities be buried , anu to let the fiat go forth that henceforth there was to be a union between the middle and productive classes , and nothing could withstand their ettoits . ( Applause . ) , Mr . J . Hall then moved the following resolution : —" That the absence of a really representative House of Commons , the . preponderance of c ' aSSi . " gislation , the unequal pressure of taxation , tne general extravagance of the public expenditure , anu the consequences of these evils , engendering discontent , and threatening disorders fatal to the nolmcai andsocial prosperity of this empire , rendcrtbe 9 ambulation of the middle and working classes for me attainment of the reform advocated by the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Reform ^ association , a matter of momentous importance XQ ine state . " - - -

      Mr . G . Offor seconded the resolution . . Mr . G . Thompson , M . P ., in supporting the motion , expressed himself as being exceedingly , sanguine respecting the present movement , and saw 1 ne saw no reason why , if they were only united , tney should hot -accomplish the object ip , vi $ w rjittaa a

      Parliamentary And Financial Reform. Anot...

      very brief period . It was hoooloss to expect any good from the House of Commons as at present constituted unless they were willing to wait ten years for one reform , fifteen for another , twenty for a third , and twenty-five for a fourth ; besides spending thousands of pounds in carrying on the agitation for each . ( Hear , hear . ) There were not more than eighty-four members in the present House of Commons who on any one occasion could be brought to vote for an extension of the rights of the people . In opposition to that small body there were six marquesses , eight earls , twenty-five viscounts , thirty-six lords , Sixty-ono baronets , twelve honourables , fiftytwo generals , admirals , colonels , captains , and lieutenants—all the placemen of course , and all the

      expectants , and all the supporters of the church establishment , ( Hear , hoar . ) Ko wonder then , that the popular members were beaten ; and beaten they would , continue to he until it was unmistakably seen tnat they were backed by a united people out 01 doors ; for there were plenty of men in that house watching the thing at tho top of the house which went round with tho wind ( laughter ) — he whUm U » l ^ P * cven som t ' eighty-four to . ? SL „ had , erred-but whenever they found a ¦ Btiona popular breeze ftirly set in , a swelling fn , ' , i ^ a r , ollln ° Me , " with tho haven of success Wo rw TC L of votcs would soon be visi-Ir til t ^ rhe hon - gentleman then referred Ilnitif l ? , TM of Ulliv « rsal soffit itl the Siiifi . ^ tended that the uncWc 2 s . ftn in this country , in their Sh « - < v , J a - ^ citizoils . ™ ' ° in tlie dStolAW . a oro ™* « nd difficult duties than that of voting for rem-esentativos . and

      rj " " " cr ii . ^ h ich those duties werodisnHteT , ? he best P roofs that they " verl not unfitted for political power . The man who guarded CWtts ' s bank in the Strandwithout betrlv ? rag it to the midnight burglar might surely be trusted to give his vote in Covent-gardcn for the mem f" for Westminster . ( Cheers . ) But the fact was that the ignorance of the people was a mere pretence . It was not because tho Legislature dreaded the ignorance of the people that they withheld the franchise from them , but because they knew they -were intelligent . ( Cheers . ) If they really deserved the name of the swinish multitude , and would allow themselves to be led by the nose like asses , lie made bold to say they would not long be left without the franchise . ( Hear , hear . ) He felt convinced that there was no country in the world where the suffrage might be so safely extended as in this .

      Mr . W . Williams also spoke in support of the motion , dwelling principally upon the inequality of electoral districts , the bribery which prevailed in the smaller borough * , and the extravagant expenditure of recent years . He averred that if the government were to reduce flie expenditure to what it was only four years ago , Tinder their predecessors , they would bo able to abolish the window-tax , and also tlie duties on soap , butter , cheese , paper , and advertisements . Mr . F . O'Connor , M . P ., next addressed the meeting , and was received with loud cheers . He came not there to throw tlie apple of discord amongst them , but to extend the olive branch of peace . ( Cheers . ) If this had been an alliance

      hetween capital and labour he would not have come there , or if it was a mere question of financial reform lie would not have been there , but because it was an alliance between mental labour on the one hand and manual labour on thc Other he was among them . ( Cheers . ) Some allusion had been made to physical force that night . One gentleman spoke of 100 persons going down to frighten the House of Lords . The CiiAinMAX begged Mr . O'Connor ' s pardon . He did not understand that the least allusion had been made to physical force . ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . O'Connor did not mean to attribute to the speaker anything like an inclination to use physical force . All he desired was , that he hoped no allusion would over again be made to the real Chartists as

      advocates of physical force , because a few wild persons , who called themselves Chartists , had used violent language , which frightened any other party from joining with them . He believed that the taxpayer would never receive justice from parliament till he possessed the franchise . He believed the working classes were now prepared to admit to them ( tlie middle classes ) that they could not do without them . ( Hear . ) Thoy were pleas & l at so large an extension of tire suffrage , whilst Che abstract right of every man to possess it was not denied . It was said that the people were ignorant , and that they were -unfit for the suffrage . But their enemies were afraid of their intelligence , and not of their ignorance . All that the Chartists ever wanted was that

      the rich might be richer and the poor rich by the development of the national resources . ( Hear . ) The shopkeeper had heretofore been , somewhat opposed to the working man , but would they not be much better off if instead of the 10 s . a week the working man had tlie £ 1 or 30 s . a week ? ( Hear . ) They might be quite sure that thc interest of the shopkeepers and of the working men is the same , and when they were once united and thoroughly in earnest , Lord John or Sir Robert Peel would be outbidding each other for their favour . ( Hear , hear . ) It was supposed that the old feudal system was broken down by free trade measures and other large measures , but ho did not believe in that . The feudal system still existed in this countrv , and it

      must be entirely done away with before the people could be prosperous . How could they be prosperous when they paid millions for the maintenance of an army in time of peace , and paid such high salaries to their functionaries ? ( Hear . ) The Times—( hisses ) —a paper which they might believe —( " So , no" )—a paper which they might believe , but which he did not believe , said that they could not cut down these salaries because thc secrets of thc homo office and the other offices would bo exposed . They were supporting , then , a government of detectives and spies . But after all the real question for the working classes was tlie improvement of their social condition . ( Hear . ) Now he did not think that their social position could ever be improved till they

      possessed tlie political rights to which they were justly entitled . They had idle labour , idle land , and idle money in this country , and a country in such a condition could not prosper . Lord J . Russell asked him in the House of Commons what ho meant by making thc working man the first partaker in ids own industry . All he meant by it was , that the tax gatherers should not pick away all tlie flesh and leave him the bono . ( Hear , hear . ) They had been promised peace , retrenchment , and reform . Now ; their peace consisted in paying as much money as if their was a war ; their retrenchment consisted in a permanent addition of £ 11 , 000 , 000 to the national debt ; and their reform consisted in nothing at all . ( Hear , hear . ) There must now be a perfect union

      between all classes ; and when he saw Sir James Graham and other members of the Peel party about to join thc Whigs , he thought it full time that there should be a union of reformers to meet their combinations . ( Hear . ) He had been anxious to address the meeting , because that was probably the last occasion on which he would ever appear on a public pfatform . ( Cries of "No , no , " and cheers . ) He had been a political agitator for twenty-seven years , and if he could feel assured that he had succeeded in bringing about an alliance between thc intelligent shopkeeper and the manual , labourer , which was founded upon their mutual dependence , he should be more than repaid for all his labours . It was a comfort to him , on retiring into privacy ,

      that lie had never made a speech with- any other purpose than that of benefiting the poor . It was his pride that he had never travelled a mile , nor eaten a meal , at the expense of the poor . ( Cheers . ] He had devoted his time , his energies , and his efforts to their cause until he had grown premature !} old , though not too old to advocate a cause by wind he thought the country would be benefited . While in parli . 1 ment he believed no man had ever possessed more of the public confidence than ho had done , and he was proud to say that he left the stage of public life with the character which he brought upon it , ( Loud cheers . ) Mr . L . 'Hexwobth , M . P ., strongly impressed - upon the meeting the advantages of a system of direct over indirect taxation . The resolution was then agreed to , and the meeting broke up at about half-past ten o ' clock .

      Meeting At Cowper-Street. . In Consequen...

      MEETING AT COWPER-STREET . . In consequence of the early overflow of the above meeting , and the crowds disappointed in obtaining admittance , the council determined upon holding another meeting at the same time , in thc large room , Cowper-street , City road . Notwithstanding the hasty and necessarily imperfect arrangements made , the room rapidly filled , and before the termination of the proceedings was quite crowded . A deputation from the council and other

      gentlemen occupied the platform , among whom were vV . A , -W ilkinson , Esq ., ' treasurer of tho Association ; Sir F . Knowles , Hart ., 0 . Wordsworth , Esq ., T . Paris , Esq ., J . Matson , Esq ., Dr . Bowkett , Messrs . Jeft ' creys , J . Brown , Hughes , Lawson , Carr , & c . The Chairman ( W . A . Wilkinson ) in opening the proceedings , said that the large meeting resulting from the overflow of tho Standard Theatre proved the great interest taken by the public in the present movement . The meeting was addressed hy Dr . Bowkett , II . J . Atkinson , Esq ., Mr . T . C larke , Sir F . Knowles , Mr . Townsend , Mr . Matson , and Mr . Paris , and resolutions in furtherance of the objects of the Association wore unanimously adopted .

      ' Meeting at Greenwich . —On . Thursday evening a public meeting of the inhabitants of Greenwich was . keld at the Lecture-hall , in that borough , for the purpose of promoting tho princip les propounded hy the Metropolitan Parliamentary and Financial Hcform . Association . The chair was occupied hy John Wade , Esq : The meeting was addressed by Messrs . Graham , Harrild , A . Mackay , T . Clarke . E . Masters , and Z . Atkinson and also by Sir F . Knowles and the Rev . Mr . Squeers , The resolu * tigns were unanimously adopted ,

      Meeting At Cowper-Street. . In Consequen...

      THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF UNITED T 1 UDES FOH THE PROTECTION OF INDUSTRY AND THE EMPLOYMENT OF LABOUB- Iff AGRICULTURE AW MANUFACTURES .

      Established 1845 . T . S . Duxcombb , Esq ., M . P ., President . The tide of reaction flows steadily on , The reunion of upwards oi 800 oi the Carpet Weavers of Kidderminster - and Bridgnorth , announced some time back , has stimulated ' the remaining portion of those engaged in that important branch of manufacture , and we shall soon have the satisfaction of numbering in our Union thc great bulk of tho cam * trade of England—and we hope of Sccgsa ^& r it is manifestly the interest of those engaged in the carpet trade , that the most perfect equality of prices , and the best possible understanding , should exist between those engaged in that trade , in whatever part of thc kingdom they may be located .

      The most powerful weapon in the hands of the employers , for the depreciation of the value of Labour , is the competition which is created and fostered between workmen in the same trade in different parts of the country . It is therefore a matter of the greatest importance that the most friendly and uninterrupted communications should constantly take place between the men employed in different localities , whereby the wages of Labour in any trade could be easily regulated by those in whom the

      law recognises the right to do so , thc working men themselves . These observations areequally applicable to every trade in Great Britain ; and it may be safely affirmed that no union of Labour can bo deemed satisfactory or perfect , which does not embrace within its bonds each distinct trade , comprising its sections in every part of the country , in one close combination , and the whole of the trades of Great Britain in a friendly and holy alliance for their mutual aid and protection .

      On Tuesday , the 10 th inst ., at the urgent solicitation of the committee of tho Carpet "Weavers , Mr . Humphries addressed an openair meeting , which was attended b y several thousands of the inhabitants of Kidderminster . Mr . liuMPHlUES descanted upon the necessity of union for the protection of the interests of the working classes . He gave examples of tho numerous benefits which the National Association had conferred upon various bodies of working men who had maintained their connexion with the movement . He then—by contrast—gave several instances where extensive reductions had been enforced , when the fact that certain bodies had withdrawn from the National Association , had reached the ears of their employers .

      The wfhoh proceedings were listened to by the numerous auditory with the most profound attention , and a large accession to . the numbers connected with the Association is promised as the result of the meeting . Several applications have also been received during the week from bodies desirous of re-joining , and from others who are organising , with a view of giving in their adhesion to the movement .

      Condition Of The Working Classes. The Re...

      CONDITION OF THE WORKING CLASSES . THE REMEDY . ( Continued from the " Star " of the lith inst . ) In this country , however , some difficulties have been experienced by parties who have made attempts to carry out the principle of association by means of small contributions from a great number of subscribers , owing to the defective state of the law with reference to co-partnerships . Tho recent alterations in the Friendly Societies Acts have tended to increase these difficulties , their evident object being to deprive the trades , and operative societies generally , of any legal benefits which enrolment under these acts was . supposed to bestow .

      Thc discretionary power , formerly vested in the Revising Barrister alone , is now in reality invested in the Attorney-General for the time being . It is doubtful how far that officer might conceive such an Association came within thc strict letter of the law ; and we must add , that it is equally doubtful whether enrolment would give that full and efficient legal action to the Association which it is on every ground desirable it should possess . Should Mr . Feargus O'Connor succeed in his endeavour to extend the provisions of these acts to the National Land Company , the Odd Fellows , and similar Societies , it might then bo a question how far it would be prudent to lake advantage of its provisions . At present , we fear , there is nothing to be expected

      from that quarter , and the process of Complete Registration under Mr . Gladstone ' s Joint Stock Company ' s Act , is by far too cumbrous , clumsy , and expensive , to be dreamt of in this case . It would , in fact , be hopeless to attempt it . It seems , therefore , that a special act of parliament would , under all the circumstances , be not only the most efficient and quickest , but also the cheapest mode of securing all the benefits and immunities of the law . Without such protection , neither the individual , nor the collective rights of the Association could be guaranteed and maintained ; and , perhaps , at the end of the first year , it would bo a judicious course to take such stops , under proper advice , as would secure an act of parliament before the purchase of

      estates , and the commencement of reproductive industrial operations . This is so important a pointthat wc shall make careful inquiries respecting it ' , and , in a future report , lay before thc members the fullest information on tho subject . With respect to thc precise manner in which the funds should be applied to realise the objects in view , it is , perhaps , premature to discuss that in detail . So long as the funds were secure during the process of accumulation , and measures were taken for the purpose of giving legal protection and security to all parties in any subsequent-practical measures , all the satisfaction would be siven that any well-wisher to his class and any prudent business-man could desire . In thc

      meantime , increased experience on the part of both directors and members , and frequent discussion of the subject , would gradually educate both in such a way that the decisions of the Conference , when the time for action came , would be much better than any suggestions we X ; an now make ; merely as a suggestion , however , but one which appears , under every view , a prudent , efficacious , and judicious course , the following outline may be taken : — Supposing the fund collected and tho Association prepared to commence industrial proceedings , wc suggest that such a proportion of the money as may be required should be invested in thc purchase of small freehold estates in various parts of tho conntry , in order that tho widely spread members of the in of neednot be at too

      Association might , case , great a distance from them , as they would be were one estate only purchased , no matter how central it might be . The remainder of the fund , together with such an amount as it might bo necessary to raise by way of mortgage on the land , might be expended in the formation , of buildings for industrial colonics , grouped npon the following principle . In one establishment ; , hatters , tailors , shoemakers , and the trades engaged in cognate- occupations , mig ht bo'located . Great economy of capital and labour would be thus effected , and nil tho arrangements might bo f . o contrived as to favour-this airwrefation of what may be termed thc clothing trades ' . In Yorkshire , another establishment might be formed for weavers , dyers , dressers , slubbers , & e . ; and in Lancashire the machinery necessary for cotton manufacture , in its various branches , might

      be introduced ; thus providing in each locality for thc peculiar and distinctive branch of industry in which the major portion of the population are engaged . " ' ¦ These establishments would , of course , be mutually srff-helpful to each otto ; the raw material worked up into webs , or the-skins tanned and dressed in the manufacturing astabhshmeni's , would be fashioned into articles of wear in others , and , so for as clothing was concerned , rendeu-tho workmen independent of the extesaal market ,, while the cultivation of the- soil arou-ad each establishment would also rends * them in & pendent , ag-far as the staple articles oS subsistence were concerned . The surplus would constitute- iihe stock from which the individuals who-had contributed the fueds would receive such money dividends as might . % o declared from time to time , or vaigki form a fuiui for . the extension of sueh establishments , and the creation of yet more real wealth for- tho benefit of the working

      man . Internally , we would liberate th » se establishments from all dependence upon the money market or the capitalists . Tho whole produce of the establishment—whether agricultural , horticultural , manufacturing or handicraft—would be deposited in pub * lie stores . All the commodities not produced either by the establishment ¦ itself , or by the other establishments of the . Associaties , would ho tawchased direct in the wholesale market ; the labour of each individual in the establishment should be fairly estimated , and after deducting for tho rent of his dwelling , gardem . & o ., ' and a fair proportion for expenses of management , the remainder should be paid in a paper currency , receivable at the stores of the Association , and exchangeable into any kind of goods he might require for the wants of himself and family , to ? surplus of sw ?& money ia theposses-

      Condition Of The Working Classes. The Re...

      sion of members so emplovcd or located , " mMit upon their leaving tho establishment , be chan g at the option of the Directors , into the common currency ol the realm . Such is an outline of the immediate-and piospective measures , to which we pray the t , , L Ca ^ i - "rgWul ¦ attention of the 22 fc . } r * u Mttl ? « timc *»• discussing them previous to the next Conference , and givm * tho delegates full instructions vpon the subject . Be it observed , that the proposition s now made arc submitted m no dogmatic spirit . In detail , they mar be susceptible Ot considerable alteration and improvement , and thc Central Committee will < r [ A & w hail every suggestion to that effect , from whatever quarter , as the act of a fellow worker in a sro . it and

      holy cause . Hut lee there bo no delay , no coldness , no apathy , no holding aloof on this Question . It is thc all in all to us . Hy this means or none , shall we be able to achieve'the permanent improvement ; of our class . Heginnhig ; thus quietly , but determinedly , to lay the foundation , of a new organisation of labour , by _ our own energies- and resources , steadily carrying that organisation out , and withdrawing through , its instramentality the surplus labour out of the competitive market , we snoitW , ill a short time , not only impose more equitable terms upon tho capitalist , but li ght up a beacon , winch would guide the whole of the workinclasses

      " into thc haven of complete social freedom . "What power could resist the public opinion , which would be created by such establishments ? What trade would not eagerly employ its rcsouyces in thc same rational and beneficial manner ? And at ienctli the government would find it impossible to withstand the mighty impulse that , from one end of tho country to the other , would demand a reconstruction of the primary elements of all weaijh , in such a manner as to produce the general benefit of all classes of the community , instead of the present insane and most destructive misapplication of theso elements .

      In conclusion , the Central Committee bog distinctly to state , that it is not- intended bv this plan to interfere in the slightest degree with the Association for thc Protection of Industry . It will continue to perform all the duties now fulfilled by it , and to afford to the trades , in eases of * dispute , " the same services by way of mediation , support , and employment as it now does . All that we propose is to . complete the original organisation of the Association , and to be in a position effectually to achieve tlie great and glorious objects which its founders had in view . To your posts , then , working men ? Think of tho immense responsibility you owe to vour class and to posterity . Think of the doom of toil and of suttbring you will bequeath to your oft ' sprin * , should tho

      present horrible system be permitted to continue . Think of tho enormous latent and undeveloped powers at your disposal , which , well and wisely combined , are amply sufficient to achieve yoar complete emancipation . Be determined , in this most vital of questions , to be true to your character . as workers . So longer talk about liberty , achieve it by your own earnest practical exertions ! Woiuc for it in the mode here laid down , and thc foundation of a system will be laid , in which tho bri ght visions of prophets and poets will bo fulfilled , humanitv at largo bo elevated—physically , morally , and intellectually—and the sun , in all its round , shall not shine on the palace of a tyrant , nor thc cottage of a slave !

      Mr. Kydd's Tour

      MR . KYDD'S TOUR

      To The Editor 01* T1u2 Hootneus Stail, D...

      TO THE EDITOR 01 * T 1 U 2 HOOTnEUS STAIl , Dear Sin , —1 intended to- have written to you a long letter , but I am unwelL so much so that I am unfit for any labour , mental or physical . Of late I have suffered from occasional : turns of mental and physical prostration ; gentle- hints , I suppose , from Dame Nature , that I , like her other children , must be careful of the physical man . I am not able to write to you at length , and sonic of my correspondents must overlook my seeming neglect , in not replying to their letters . One or two prominent ; points I must notice , the fillings-uu to come some other day . During my sojourn ^ 'Northumberland and Durham , I lectured iu the chief towns of tho district . The fine evenings , races , regattas , & e ., were against my meetings ; on the whole , however , thev wore not

      failures , and I have good reason to believe the results have been desirable . I left the north , to attend the annual camp meetings- in Lancashire , on Sunday last , but faithfully j > romiscil to return . There are evident signs of another great movement among tho miners of the north . Petty despotisms , followed by partial strikes * arc everywhere common , aud among the workmen- the words arc often uttered : — "Wo want union men , " ' and thoy never fail in receiving a response .-. They are words alike of the heart and head . Oppression—foul , black oppression—is ran ) : ,-and front it- good orcrii may come . If an united organisation be attempted , its leaders skilled in their work , preaching patience as

      well as union , the gathering passions of hatred and revenge will he checked for a time , cither to burst into a fiery madness—fearful as powerful—to succumb after a protracted struggle— "A great strike , " or to-aid in rectifying wrongSj . and benefiting the true interests of labour ; all depending ,. ofcourec , on thc judgment of the leaders , tho patience and sense of the colliers , and the counteractions of the capitalists . Tlie miners , as a body , are oppressed . The leading llcformers of the workings classes , are everywhere being united—social and- political , literary and moral . If they have no associations , they are united by sympathy ,, and act in concord . I observed this feature of tlic-times-first in

      Glasgow , and have since found it in-nlmost every other town . The leading minds are moving- in the same directions . Five years ago- they were apart , but increased thought has forcedNill . tho-thinkers to unite , for tlie common good of humanity . From this apparently unnoticed union ,, will-come greater changes than some observers seem to know ; it will grow greater cvciy year , its history will be written in the words "toleration ,. union ,. right . " The French Revolution of 1848 ,. and the " subsequent events on the continent , have stirred the minds of tho people to ihe-importance of-foreign , polities . It has tended , to make our , workmen geographers and historians , and will one-day help to make them statesmen ,.- Formerly ,, wo-were tooisolated , hemmed in by the sea , we acted-as if there

      was no land beyond its , boundary . Eoreign politics were known but . to the few , and horrible atrocities were practised ia the name ef England , of which thc majority of Englishmen knew nothing . No wonder tliiifc the name of England , was hated by the people of other lands , and was but another name for Ruffian" among thc nations-of the earthy The future will one day be different :. The names of Hungary and Ilome ' r . reon every tongue ; Mazzini is the idol of the democrats—so dignified , so calm , so just , in days of . 'trial and hours , of-peril , how can it be otherwise ?¦• Homo ! we who have never seen thy churches , ihy monuments ,, nor thy children , yet love thee . Thou art still eternal , greater than of old , IUon ji was not tho last of thy Triumvirs ; from St . Peier ' s to the- hanks of tho clear

      Tiber , you heave to be free , and-we of the mine atid the factory , the workshop and \ the plough , rejoice in . thy nobility . Traitors and assassins have entered thy gates and called themselves the friends of order . Vile prostitution of words—we know , them , and wc feel for thee ; Ihcy arc the hirelings- of ambitious villains , the slaves of fiends ,. who . neither deserve nor receive rssnect from v . s . Wo-wish them one and all spcadv exile or- death . Success to tho Hungarians ! . Russia and , Austria have too long lovded it over millions . The English democrats-have-an . , aversion to-petitioning tha House of Commons- , on any question . " All is right , " snitli tiic-ttiinistes- ; " all is \ n-ong , saith thc philosopher . ' ( Contentment , " exclaims echoes Sir Robertfiisten

      thc premier ; " prosperity , " , —society , is fast outgrowing its < ganncnts , thcVHoiisoof Commons has ceased toba-pai't of its . thought . Men pTOgvftss—tut Whigs . avt > istationaiy—boeiai theories are discussed without that arc forbidden within , tho walls of the Sesftfce . For ycajg-did tho peoplfe complain to thc Commons , but they compiain & l in vain—weary oft stale comm & n-placcs--sick to tho soulspf mouthing phrases—morose in sullen anger—and indignant at vacant laughter , men have betaken themselves to their own thoughts ; IIoaisc of Commons , Commons House , . sbam—che . it > --it partakes wot at all of tlie people : jit is the junior branch-. of a huge old . oligarchy , and iEngland is , fast propping to dispense with it . ¦ Samuel Kirns .

      Todmai » en , « July IT . P . S . The Lancashire camp- meeting was a glorious- sight . Oiv Sunday next ; ' !; lecture in Leeds , on France , Jlunstfy , and Rome- ; and , -if convenient ,, will fulfif my long promised visit ti 9 Hohnfirtb ,,. on Wcdnssday and Thujjsday next , . Parties ¦ wishing to ' -wvla & to me , musij do so not . later than Monday aftojaaoon , and addfcfess to the . post-office , Iioeds . Yov-sSv truly , ' : " . s . k .

      Representation Of Boston.—Tubsuay.—The R...

      Representation of Boston . —Tubsuay . —The re « tiromenjf of Sir James . Duke from the representation ot this . " Borough hast , akonus by surprise . At present jfif address lias , been issued :,, though there appeals little doubt but that Mif . „ D . W . "Wire- will be a « a-m brought fanward by the Ultra-Raditcal and Dissenting faction . The moderate "Whigs , the sup porters of Sir James Duke ^ will not unvfce with Mr . Wire , and in all probablBy the lion ; Dudley Pelham . ( brother of tho Earl ot Ta ^ bowragh *) \ st ftHc induced , to contest the vacant seat ¦ upon' * Lib & val-Conscrva- . tive" principles t tWo ~ sriVi \ m Vi ^ ie Ooubt of hiss return , The Conservatives talk of - Winging for « ward cither Sir Henry Ellis or-Mr . James Ranks ? Stanhope , late sheriff of the county , on Protecti onist !; principles . Captain Pelham will receive the sup-, port of tho Tory party should not a Conservativ e come forward * '

      • The Ciix ULECHON .-The Lord Mayor has con sented to Wome a candidate for the represwta twn of , tho city of London ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), July 21, 1849, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_21071849/page/5/