Current:

Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th October 1849, Edition 2 of 3, Page 8, Dorkino.—A lecture was delivered in tho ...

Page 8
Page 8
8 of 8

On this page

  • Departments (3)
    • mdttm UttUiqence
    • #«»«*, «&.
    • the of St at the rrin Printed by TFILLIAM KIDEIt, of No. 5, Macclesficld-stisld-stiti
  • Text (14)
  • Transcript

    • Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.

      Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.

      The Itlgut Of Magistrates To Flog Appren...

      evidence that he did not know there had been a strike , and when I asked if there had been any alteration of wages at Messers . Worrall ' s , he said be did not Know . Then again , though it was clearly proved that this man had absented himself , there was no proof that be had absented himself unlawlolly . There was nothing inconsistent with tho tact , that he might not have been away from his work with the permission of bis master . I don't say I think they had given him permission to go away , I think they had not , but 1 say thc magistrate ought to have given him the benefit of what the other side neglected to prove . I urged this , but I failed to make the court comprehend . They were determined he should be imnrisoned and flogged .

      ( Cries of " Shame . " ) Xow , it is just possible that Some Of you may think that this flogging part ofthe Sentence— the words in the warrant arc , that ho be imprisoned and put to hard labour , and that be be corrected . It is possible that some of you may think that the last term means nothing . But I asked the govener ofthe gaol if thepris . ner was to be flogged ? He said , " " Tes , he will be fogged with ihecat-o ' -aino tails , " and I kiowtha these gaolers are not backward in inflicting the punish ment . I know some of them have a relish for it ; and one of them once told me he never knew such a thrill of joy come over him as when he lifted the cat-o-nine tails— " he liked to pitch it into them so . '' ( Cries of" Shame" : and great sensation . ) It is a

      mere accident that Bailey was not flogged ou first going into goal , and then our endeavours to save Mm through an application to the judge would have been too late . Fortunately there is a sort of humanity about these gaolers at the New Bailey , It Seems to bo a part of that humanity that thcvlikc to send a youth or a man home to his parents or his wife with his back lacerated , that they may feel bis ignominy and share his feelings . ( Renewed cries Of "Shame" ) You know what an awful thing this application ofthe lash is . You hare seen it in newspapers , no doubt , that a man threw himself from the mast of a ship and was dashed to pieces rather than have the cat applied to his back ; and another man , a soldier , nerished from the lash at

      Honnslow . As was justly remarked by the preceding speaker , this punishment is unkonwn to the English law as applied to adults ; but is has been allowed to linger on the statute-book with regard to apprentices , and that is the reason why I said the law of apprenticeship could not he applied in this case to a man who attained his majority , seeing that tbe punishment awarded him by the law of apprentices was one which the law had not retained in the case of those of mature years ; and that was a point referred to in glowing trems by the learned judge to whom the application was addressed . Uot--withstanding the opinion thatstrikes are an evil , I believe they do more good than harm . As I said , there is an unfortunate leaning on the part of the magistrates towards Are roasters ; but when I say that , I speak of stipendiary magistrates , separating

      them from the others—and it is accounted for , perhaps , on the ordinary principles of human nature , because they associate and have all then * pleasures together . What I complain most of in this case is that the magistrate , though he had a doubt as to his power to deal with ths prisoner , did not do as other judges do , and as judges direct juries they should do —that where there is a doubt they should give tho benefit of it to the prisoner . With regard to the flogging , I belive that the magistrate did not intend it to appear against the prisoner . I did not hear it pronounced in the judgment—but it did not appear in the warrant . But while I have pleasure in saying that , I say that the punishment of flogging ought not to be recognised at all . Mr . Roberts went on to impresson the meeting the necessity of preserving their unions , and concluded amid loud cheers .

      Mr . SonxmvEii and others afterwards addressed the meeting .

      The Salfobd Dveks . —Threatesed Assassina . nox of a Magistrate . —J . Walmsley was brought before the magistrates at the Jfew Bailey , Salford , on Thursday , charged with leaving his work without giving the customary three weeks' notice . The town clerk of Salford appeared for the Messrs . "Worrall , and Mi-. W . P . Roberts for the defendant . Before the case was entered into , Mr . Trafford , the stipendiary magistrate , appearing greatly excited , banded a letter to Mr . Roberts , and desired that the town clerk and Mr . Roberts would retire , and read it . The letter contained a threat to the effect that if judgment were given against the defendant steps would be taken to shoot tho magistrate . The town clerk and Mr . Roberts havin < r returned

      into court , Mr . Trafford said he could not , after reading tbatletter , give an unbiassed judgment ; and requested Mr . Boberts to consent to ihe postponement of the ease , in order that some other magistrate might hear it . Mr . Roberts , however , declined to do so , and intimated to Mr . Trafford that the magistrate ought to treat the matter with contempt and discharge his duty on the face of it . He said the letter purported to be signed by Mr . James Teer , the secretary of the Dyers * Association , and there was every reason to believe that it was a forgery . He was sure Mr . Teer would not be guilty of writing such a letter . The case of Walmsley was then proceeded with , and occupied a long time in hearing ; but judgment was deferred till Friday .

      8 The. Northern Star October 20, 184^

      8 THE . NORTHERN STAR October 20 , 184 ^

      The Mixers Of The Xorth. To The Editor O...

      THE MIXERS OF THE XORTH . TO THE EDITOR OF THE i'ORTHERS STAB . Sib , —The delegate meeting ofthe Miners of this district took place on Saturday last , at Mr . Greener's , sign of the Cock , ^ Newcastle , whoa an accession of members were added to the union , together with additional delegates , thus presenting proofs of further progress of the most Cu , 2 .-rnig character . The first business was of a preliminary nature , being relative to the adoption of a few regulations for conduetiiig the business of the delegate meeting , and to facilitate the same .

      The next question was in connexion with the restriction of labour , from which it was understood that in future , and until the miners are more generally organised , lour shillings per day shall not be exceeded , hut it is left entirely to each colliery or district to fis a temporary restriction or regulation at any figure below the said four shillings . Letters were read from Sir G . Grey and Professor Philips , the Commissioner appointed to examine into the ventilation of mines , wherein the former states his readiness to have the case alluded to properly examined , and the latter appoints Monday , the 22 nd of October , at 3 p . m ., to meet a deputation ofthe Miners concerning the state of the collieries with respect to the ventilation . The

      following collieries were then selected , each to send one man to form the deputation : —Washington , Westerton , Crook Hall , Castle Eden , Walls End , "Wingate Grange , Oxclose , Crow Trees , Uorth Hotton , Cassop , nnd OustOO . The Secretary having announced that a most calumnious article had been published in the Globe paper , and reprinted in the Newcastle Coiirant , at once charging Mr . Wyld , M . P ., with attending the public meeting of miners held on the Black Fell , for the sole purpose of " urging them to form combinations to resist reduction of wages , and to insure employment to all Miners who are willing to work ;" whereas the object ofthat gentiemau ' s visit was to ascertain the condition of the pits with regard to

      ventilation , and to urge the necessity of governmental interference in preventing the immense sacrifice of life , caused by explosions , & c . ; and lest his humane purpose should be attempted to be misconstrued , he guarded aga ' nst that by the following words : — " He declined any participation in tbe dispute between them and their masters about wages , " his object being a national remedy for the benefit of aU Miners . The delegates resolved with perfect unanimity to afford Mr . Wyld every aid in defending and vindicating his character against the foul slander , ana provide the means ( if needs be , ) to prosecute the party who propagated it . The next business -was a proposition from Seaton Deleval Colliery , That a subscription be entered

      into to assist the widow ofthe late secretary , Wm . Bell /' wbicb was adopted unanimously . It was then resolved "To hold the next delegate meeting at the house of Mr . G . Corby , Ifew Durham ; chair to be taken at nine o ' clock a . m . The levy for tbe unemployed to be threepence per member , and one penny to the general fund . " Several delegates then detailed the hardships and suffering endured by those whom their hard-hearted employers had turned out of door in this inclement season ofthe year , and it affords some consolation to learn that in one case the workmen have taken legal proceedings to ascertain whether they are not entitled to one month ' s notice before ejectment . At another colliery the workmen have had their wages paid by truck or tommy ticket , and as they have ceased ' to work until an advance of price is given , the wages earned has been ? etained by their master for goods got at the store , but as this is said by a

      legal gentleman to he illegal , summonses are to be taken out to recover thc wages so retained . Six of the workmen bad also been apprehended and taken before the magistrates for neglect of work , convicted , and ordered to prison for three months , when Mr . Briggs , ihe attorney , demanded to look at tbe agreement , which he pronounced invalid , and succeeded in getting the magistrate to reverse his decision with respect to the men going to prison . These recitals had a tendency to arouse thc delegates to a more definite plan of procuring a redress Of those evils , and oa the motion of Mr . Smith , it was resolved : — " To lay before the respective collieries the necessity of establishing a law fund , in order that injustice to the working Miners may be prevented . " ° J The meeting-was then adjourned unto Saturday tab 27 th inst ., at Xew Durham . Yours truly , , J ^ S- It mre 3 peetfu % inthnated that each col-JgJry having just complaints about the state of the

      The Mixers Of The Xorth. To The Editor O...

      ventilation will forward the same to M . Jude , Sandyford-lane , Barras Bridge , Newcastle , that they may be laid before the deputation and Professor Philips . All statements to be accurate , and sent in on or before Saturday , October 20 .

      The Currency Question. To The Editor Of ...

      THE CURRENCY QUESTION . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERS STAR . Sin , —I have just read with no small degree of astonishment Mr . Brook ' s reply to my letter on tbe Currency . It appears that he has not thought proper to make the slightest allusion to any one of my arguments , having , as he says , met them in his letter to Mi-. Culpan . I have no desire to take up the pages of the . Star , or tho time of its readers , with mere cavil or wordmongcring , and am therefore desirous that a proper understanding should be come to . I should not have written after Mr . Culpan had taken up the subject , had I not considered that I was one of the principal persons alluded to in Mr . Brook ' s challenge . But now that the discussion has commenced I am desirous that it should

      be properly conducted , knowing that good will result from it . Mr . Brook states , in his reply to Mr . Culpan , that we , the free paper advocates , are bound to prove certain things , —how the paper will work in our foreign trade , < fcc . Now , with all due deference to Mr . Brook , I beg leave to inform him that if that is his opinion , he is ignorant of the laws of argumentation . We are not at present obliged to prove anything . He has thrown out the challenge , and assumed the affirmative of the question , while we occupy merely a negative position ; and by the rules of logic , no man is ever called upon to prove a negative . lie must first attempt to prove his position . If he succeeds , the discussion is at an end ; if he fails , then we assume the affirmative , and lay

      down our position , which he can either admit or assail . Having thus put Mr . Brook in his proper position , I shall now proceed to examine his arguments . Be complains of having been misrepresented . If I have misrepresented him it has not been intentionally , but has arisen from his unguarded method of writing . But the explanation which he offers does not , in my opinion , mend his case . He would let the money alone , but not the money dealers . Now I imagine any thing he could do to the men would not be of much use if the laws remain untouched ; and if he alter the laws then he does not let the money alone , inasmuch as the money springs from the laws ; and therefore whatever was done to tho men would be of no avail , because others would be found to pursue the same

      course . Mr . Brook seems to treat the idea of money being abstracted out of the country with levity . He observes , that no one will partwith his geld , either to the foreigner or any one else , without receiving an equivalent ; and that should it be abstracted that which would be left behind would speedily rise in value , and thus bring back its abstracted brethren . Now these are very fine words , and well calculated to deceive persons who are ignorant of the nature of such transactions . But when wo come to strip them oftheir outward tinsel , and examine their naked form , we shall find a mass of fraud and robbery on the one hand , and of wretchedness and misery on the other . With

      regard to parties receiving an equivalent for their gold it is no matter to the working classes , inasmuch as they are not moneyholaers , and have nothing to do with the transaction . But any one acquainted with these transactions knows that when J ; ol d is sent abroad it very seldom goes in tbe reguar way of buying and selling . There are the Rothschilds , and others ofthe same class , who havo their establishments in almost every commercial country in the world , and who may be said at present to hold the destinies of commerce in their hands . These parties can as easily transmit gold from one country to another , without the process of buying and sellinsr , as a man can lift the victuals from one shelf of his cupboard to another . When

      gold has to be sent from one country to another , it is generally sealed up in casks , and consigned to some large commercial house , where it remains unopened until it is reshipped to the place from whence it came . The talk about an equivalent 4 s therefore so much nonsense . But the rise in the price ofthat which is left behind is a painful fact , and one which the people are soon made to know to their cost . For just in proportion as money rises wages lower . The mills and workshops are closed , or put on short time , and wages reduced twenty or thirty per cent . The money , which before paid two men on full time , now pays six on short time . The streets are filled with unwilling idlers , who must either subsist on parish relief , —work at tho

      degrading test-hills for sixpence per day , —or be fed with the cold and trembling hand of charity from the soup kitchens . Nor are the working classes the only parties who suffer during these periods . Parish relief , test-hill wages , andsoup-kitchon faro , begin to tell fearfully on the tills ofthe shopkeepers and other small tradespeople , who depend upon the wages of thc working classes for their support . It is in vain that almost every article in their shops are ticketed astonishingly cheap ! half price ! & c , ; money has become so dear , and labour so cheap , that thc people have ceased to be consumers of anything but a few of the coarsest articles of food . In consequence of this the home trade becomes

      paralysed , and destitution increases . The bills of tbe tradesman and manufacturer continue to become due , and their means to take them up have becOBIC exhausted . Their goods are thrown upon the market at half price in order to raise the means to meet their outstanding acceptances . The parties who have taken away the gold now bring it back again , lodge it in the * coffers ofthe Bank of England , draw out its paper instead , and purchase up thc goods at merely nominal prices , and store them up in warehouses till prices get up again , when they are brought out and sold for double the purchase money . This is what is meant by one of those rises in the * price of gold which Mr . Brook treats with SO much indifference .

      It affords the people no relief to tell them that the parties who carried abroad tbe gold got an equivalent for it , or that that which was left behind had doubled in value . Such a story is but to mock their misery . Could anything but tbe most infatuated madness induce a people to cling to a species of currency which affords such opportunities to a set of conscienceless scoundrels to plunder and rob them at pleasure ? The people remain as willing , and as able as ever . Their heads are as skilful to contrive , and their bands to execute ; the national resources remain undiminished , but a few casks of gold are locked up in tbe cellars of some foreign country , and the people must starve till it is brought back

      and safely lodged in Threadncedle-street . Mr . Brook has given us a programme of what he would do had he the power . This , of course , we are to look upon as his plan of setting things to rights . First , we are to wait until the government falls to pieces of its own accord . That event having happened , we are to settle off with the banks and then' creditors , —stop the issue of all paper money , —and return to a purely metallic currency ; then knock off tbe taxes , and hand over the land to the fundholder ; and this is to constitute Mr . Brook ' s political and social El Dorado . I would just remind him , however , that" society is a wheel which must be repaired while it is in rapid motion ;" and he must show us how he wiU take out the old

      spokes and put in the new ones , and yet prevent himself from being destroyed by its velocity . When we have got political power we shall only have got a glimpse of the land of liberty ; we shall still be dwelling on the dark and gloomy shores of despotism . A wide and yawning gnlph will lie between us and tbe promised land . All history proves that to bridge over this gulph with safety has been the greatest difficulty which the true reformers of all ages and countries have had to perform . For no sooner have they made the attempt than the destructive batteries of despotism have been let loose upon them , and they have either been driven back or destroyed . The man who has set himself up as a public teacher , —who has not duly weighed over

      this matter , and prepared to meet it , —has neglected the most important part of his duty . That Mr . Brook has not done so is clearly evident from his programme . Setting aside this idea that we are to wait for political power until the government tumbles to pieces of its own accord , and voluntarily surrenders its power into our hands , which I imagine will be thc day after doomsday ; the rest of his plan is a rank absurdity , aud will end in the destruction ofthe first government , no matter whether Whig , Tory , or Democratic , that attempt to put it in execution . In the first place , the great bulk of the people are ignorant of the nature of the power that oppresses them . They are aware they are wronged by some one , and they have been taught to

      believe that government has the power of redressing their wrongs . When , therefore , a popular government had been elected they would naturally look for some speedy relief , and if f hey found only increased distress they would soon overturn" the Democratic government , and restore their old taskmasters to power . It requires very little penetration to discover that the moment Mr . Brook attempted to put his plan into execution the entire population would be thrown out of employment , and that , too , without any prospect of being employed again , perhaps , for years . We have all witnessed those periods of distress which I have

      attempted to describe , which occur when the gold has left the country , and the paper money has been curtailed in quantity and raised in value ; hut if we could just get a view of all the banks being stopped , without any substitute being provided beyond the metallic currency , and the general bankruptcy that would follow , we should behold a mass of wretchedness and misery to which even Ireland , in her worst periods , has been a stranger . The magnitude and extent of our industrial operations are such , that it will be utterly impossible to carry them on with a metallic currency , without such a breaking down in the price of labour and its products as win / put an entire stop to all tho productive operations of the country , and the people

      The Currency Question. To The Editor Of ...

      will have to perish by thousands ; whilst the Jews , and those who are holders of gold , would , according to Mr . Brook , have their property , which is gold , increased in value ferty-fold . All this would take place whilst the circumstances of the country were accommod ating themselves to the altered State of the currency . Can any one suppose that it would be possible for any government to maintain its existence much less its popularity , during such a general wreck . Most decidedly not . The people would cry out , like the Israelites of old , for their old Egyptian taskmasters and tho flesh-pots , in preference to perishing in such a wilderness of despair . But supposing that it should survive the storm , tnA tho people could bo persuaded patiently to

      suffer , in the expectation of better things , would the result answer the proposed end ? I deny it . Were the people who produce tho only parties who consume , then it would be a matter of perfect indifference whether the price of their labour was great or small . But when we consider what a large portion there are who live without any kind of labour , and whose incomes are fixed , even when the tax-eaters are destroyed , and the large quantity of our goods which are consumed by the foreigners , we are fed to the conclusion that every roducation that is made in our labour is so much given away to tho idler and the foreigner . Whenever a general reduction takes place , wages aro always reduced in a greater proportion than other things , just in proportion to the

      amount consumed by the idler and the foreigner , whilst tho income of these parties is just enhanced in the same proportion that the labour is reduced . Thus if the purchasing power of thc sixpence was made equal to that of the sovereign , in order to preserve the balance of trade we should be obliged to give the foreigner forty pounds worth of goods in return for the same quantity for which wo now give him only one pound ' s worth , whilst the man who is now worth fifty pounds a year would then be equal to the man who is now worth a thousand . Now these parties could not be enriched in this manner without the people being made poorer by the amount . While , therefore , the man of money had his fifty pounds raised to a thousand , the man who

      now receives ten shillings a week wages would then have to labour for about twopence . Mi * . Brooks seems to be afraid of having to strip his shirt from his back under a national system of paper money , but , I think , under his metallic currency we should soon have none to strip . As for handing the land—which ought to bo tho common property of the nation—over to the fundholder , I think these parties bave robbed the people to a sufficient extent , without having the land handed over to them as a reward for their peculation and plunder . In conclusion , I would observe , that I have no wish to drag irrelevant matter into tho discussion ; but when wo aro told that in a certain state of

      society money would be of no use , we arc led to ask what that state of society is ? Mr . Brook will , perhaps , say that I am here misrepresenting him—that he did not say that money was of no use—but he said that which was the same thing ; because if the amount is of no moment , then it . does not signify whether it he one pound , or one hundred millions ; and if one pound would do then , how would one hundred millions do ? He thinks that communism is impracticable . If he will look to America he will see that it is practicable . I am of opinion that it would be best for Mr . Brook to write series of letters detailing his whole plan , then if we think him

      wrong we can write a series in reply ; he can then rejoin , after which we will give him a detail of cmplan ; he can then reply , and we can rejoin . I think wc should be likely to come at the truth in this way better than by discussing either plan in parts , a method which must always be imperfect . C . Sbackleton . ^ ueen ' a-head , near Halifax . [ We have no objection to tho fullest discussion of the Currency question , but if Mr . Brook and his opponents proceed to act upon the suggestion conveyed in the last paragraph ofthe above letter , they must study brevity , both as regards each series , and each letter . We do not bold ourselves bound to insert letters , though otherwise unobjectionable , which exceed half a column . —Ed . N . SA

      Organisation Of Labour. To The Delegates...

      ORGANISATION OF LABOUR . TO THE DELEGATES WHO MAY COMPOSE . THE PROPOSED CONFERENCE OF THE LONDON TRADES . Gentlemen , —As you are about to meet in Conference , on the 7 tb of November next , to deliberate upon thc best means of delivering your order from their depressed condition , and as 1 havo laboured in conjunction with many of you to establish an organisation among the trades , I , therefore , trust I need offer no apology for offering a few remarks on what appears to form a correct and well-directed policy . I say a comet and well-directed policy because all the past exertions , tho money , and the time which the trades have spent in struggling to secure " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day s

      work have totally failed . You may behold the reason of such failure in the fact , that the trades themselves have never yet correctly understood or settled what really constitutes " a fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s work . " That system of remuneration cannot surely be considered " a fair day ' s wage for a fab day ' s work , " which compels most workmen to make two shillings for an individual in the capacity of an employer , while the employed arc only making one shilling for themselves . And yet this is all that has" been attempted by thc most enthusiastic trades' unionists ofthe old school . The trades of Great Britain have never yet had the intelligence or the fortitude to make a stand against this nefarious system of man being used up

      by man . How , then , are we to . rectify this great abuse , and give practical effect to this ill-understood phrase of " a fair day's wage for a fair day ' s work ?" That can only be done by making the working Classes , . IS far as- possible , their own employers , under the most efficient assoeiational arrangements , by which means the employed would receive the full value of their labour , instead of two-thirds of it being systematically handed over to individuals who are licensed to defraud them , merely because they happen to be employers . I am firmly convinced that to attempt any other mode of permanently bettering the condition of all classes of workmen than by extending the field of employment , and civine the employed the full value of

      their labour , would turn out to be a most grievous delusion . It is impossible for any right-minded man to observe and study tho position of the working classes without coming to the conclusion , that as far as tho question of labour and its reward are concerned , all classes of workmen aro subjected to a cruel system of legalised confiscation . How , then , shall we remove this most grievous and unnatural confiscation of wealth , which is the offspring of labour , and cause tho child to perform its duty towards its parent ? On that head a new commandment must be given and received ! New principles founded in justice , must be everywhere proclaimed and enforced . There is nothing so essential to the success of any political party as clear

      and well-defined principles . A large section of the London Trades have adopted a scries of fundamental principles , which , if acted upon , would effect the industrial , social , and political emancipation of labour . As several of these proposition s may probably be submitted to your consideration , I trust they will meet with that due consideration which their importance demands . This much , at least , I must say , that unless the Trades seek to extend the field of self-employment all their attempts to permanently better their condition will prove entirely abortive . And while thousands are walking the streets in despair , in consequence of being compelled to go idle , let me sketch to you tho superior position of two or three operatives in the

      immediate neighbourhood of my residence , arising entirel y from having the facilities afforded them of combining two or three branches of industrial pursuits in their cvery-day avocations . Tho shoemakers of London and other largo towns who arc competing with each other in the slave market , and in many instances obliged to work for the slop shops , and be otherwise subjected to the many evils arising from the overstocked state ofthe labour market , will surely consider the member of their trade to be iu a superior position who can say that he is altogether independent of shoemaking , at least six months ofthe year , and who , by combining agr iculture with his trade , grows so much corn as serves his family thc year round , and has now from fifty to sixty bushels of potatoes housed for winter use , together with two fine pigs , from fifteen to sixteen stones weight . I frequently visit a shoemaker who is in that somewhat enviable position ,

      compared with vast numbers of his trade at the present season of the year ; he occupies a house and about two acres and a quarter of land , which supplies his family with the chief articles of consumption ; and fills up bis time in following his trade as a shoemaker , which forms a ready money source to supply the entire wants of his family $ and thus , by associating two branches of industry he is , to a great extent independent of the slave market . There are others living in tho same neighbourhood who aro equally well circumstanced , from having the facilities afforded them to combine two branches of industry together ; and among others I may mention a carpenter , who is employed by me at the present time , who not being able to find employment at his trade much more than half the year , thought upon the wise expedient of producing for himself thoso chief articles of home consumption which the want of employment prevented him from , purchasing from others .

      Let me now draw your attention to the impression which I am desirous of making , by bringing these cases beforo your notice , which ia this—that if either df the men I have alluded to was to discontinue associating the two branches of' industry which they pursue , they would become as completely ruined men as any one among tho several thousands who have delegated you to propound measures for their relief from the poverty and degradation which surround them , It would be of

      Organisation Of Labour. To The Delegates...

      little use to give to either the carpenter or the shoemaker I have alluded to , or any other man , two , three or even four acres of land perhaps at a considerable distance from any market town , and probably without the means of transit for their prod ce they would soon find that the physical and ntellectual wants of this life arc of a more comprehensira character than tho isolated position of the mere occupant of a few acres of land would furnish t ] But when it is demonstrated that one individual , by associating two branches of industry together , can make himself comparatively independent , it must surely be clear to the most obtuses mind , that Uic mS " beneficial results would flow from labour being p laced under far superior assoeiational

      arra gTropeatthatit is by the association of labour that it can alone bo emancipated and associated under far superior circumstances to wiiicn i have alluded in the case of tho carpenter and thc shoemaker , which , nevertheless , prove that , even under the most unfavourable arrangements , a combination of at least two branches of industry , whereby agricultural and manufacturing pursuits shall go hand in hand , are indispensably necessary . I must observe , before I conclude , that I think your first aim ought to be to establish a National Organisation of Trades . To do that you mustmake thecontribtions as low as possible ; and , manswer to several friends who have wrote to mo to ask my oninion resoectinir the propriety of levying a weekly

      contribution as a fund to establish home colonies , I beg to answer , in my opinion , that would be premature at present , and that tho time to do that would be ( if done at all ) when tho members of tho association amounted to fifty or one hundred thousand . Tho history of all past attempts at self-emancipation by weekly contributions proves tkafc until the people aro prepared to compel the government to afford them the fac ilities to provide for themselves useful employment , by breaking up our landed tenures , and throwing open tho soil for national industry , making an advance of capital—say m paper-money , which may bo called treasury notes , or any other name—until that be done , believe mo , trio emancipation of labour will never come . Alfred A . Walton .

      Ireland And Her Rulers-To Whom Are Her M...

      IRELAND AND HER RULERS-TO WHOM ARE HER MISERIES ATTRIBUTABLE ? ( From the Belfast Vindicator . ) It is painful to listen to the quack politicians and would-be patriots of the day descanting on thc causes of Irish misery . They throw history overhoard , and blasphemously assert that the cause of Irish misery is entirely attributable to tho indolence and stupidity of Irishmen themselves . Even some of our Repeal organs gravely talk of selfreliance , and denounce their own countrymen as the most consummate blockheads on the face of the earth ; and join in the cries of our calumniators , who davincly preach that all the evils of

      Ireland are of her own making . We deny this in Mo , and denounce the preachers as revilers , aud as knowingly perverting tho simple truth . They might hold the doctrine in question if the Parliament were Irish , and if the government of the country were in the hands of Irishmen . If the Irish governed themselves , then , indeed , would it be just to attribute to them the evils that pervade this country ; but it is equally just , at first , to attribute to England those miseries which afflict the people of Ireland , It is just to do so , because England , for more than 600 years , has governed and ruled tho destinies of Ireland . For 600 years she has misgoverned Ireland . It is enough to make the hardest heart weep tears of blood to

      think ofthe wretchedness of our native land , and to behold the determination on the part of England to continue the present system . But it is ht to drive men to despair to hear the petty leaders of detached factions calumniating their own flesh and blood for acts and conduct over which they can exercise no control . A glance at the past will show that tho present system has been handed down and perpetuated by a brute force which overcame all resistance , and mocked all efforts to destroy it up to this hour . Why , then , blamo tho victim , if bound and overpowered it cannot resist the descending blow of the executioner ? In looking at thc history of Ireland since the connexion with England commenced , the review is as melancholy for the past , as gloomy for the future . Invited over by the profligacy of a scoundrel , Henry II . established a footing in Ireland in the year 1872 . From that period to the present

      the policy of England has , under one or other name , perpetuated a system of disunion . Mere lrishry , previous to tho " Reformation , " was as great a cause of exclusion for an English minister , or his ready automaton , in Ireland , as Catholicity has been in our own days ; but oven this was not sufficient , for wo learn that , in in spite of all these disadvantages , tho descendants of English settlers soon got Irish feeling , and to support English ascendancy the plunderers of one century were the plundered ofthe next . How long this centennial plundering might have gone on it is impossible to conjecture , had not the " Glorious Revolution" of 1 ( 338 introduced a now order of plunderers whose religion differed from the religion of tbe mass of the Irish population . New names , but the same tyrannous policy , continued to divide the people of this illfated island .

      Catholic degradation , and English or Protestant ascendancy , now succeed to Englishry or lrishry , and it must be admitted with increased violence , and a greater disregard of all social and moral ties than any even the black statutes of Kilkenny evinced . The first act of justice to Ireland was after the glorious and successful resistance of her then Colonies in North America to English ascendancy , Notwithstanding the devastation of ages , the population of Ireland , true to the religion of their ancestors , gained in numbers , in wealth and organisation .

      The forces of Great Britain were deemed barely sufficient to protect her own shores , and Lord Buck ? inghamshire declared to the people of Belfast the inadequacy of England to afford protection—that Ireland must novf depend on her own population . The accursed statues of William III ., of George II ., of George III . which declared Catholics incapable of bearing arms , were then forgotten . Protestant joined Catholic , the volunteer association sprung up , and Ireland , for once , was universally armed , and universally enjoyed domestic peace . Free trade and emancipation from the supremacy of a

      foreign parliament followed this glorious uhion . The Protestants were not > even after this experience , prepared to emancipate their fellow-soldiers , and succeeding years enabled the demon of English ascendancy to foment a religious rancour which made a desert of our fertile isle , and turned neighbour against neighbour—man against man . The gifts of nature were spurned , and , to use the expressions of a talented countryman , " Blessings were spumed by government , who embraced , m preference , fanaticism , and malignity , and made us a nation of victims , and a government of crimes . "

      When weak ia numbers , the government of Eng . land , whether Protestant or Catholic , ruled the people of Ireland with the law of the sword , and tho sword of the Jaw , As our numbers and unanimity increased , this system has been relaxed , but has again been enforced , as soon as Protestant could be pitted against Catholic , when Irishman could bo marshalled against Irishman , and all her sons rendered unmindful of their native soil . English supremacy again arose , and in one of those seasons of suicidal folly , after a rebellion excited for the purpose , a base , corrupt , and daring Minister robbed : us of our resident legislature , and blotted the name of Ireland from the roll of nations . Base as the records of the day prove that

      legislature to have been , it is a consolation to find that its existence could not be quenched , without exposing in the statute book its venality and its profligacy . English policy did all this ; and now , when tho country , by such barbarous government , has reached the brink of ruin , we arc told that tho entire fault lies at the door of tho Irish peasantry , Thc landlords aro only a portion of the machinery of English rule . When they exterminate and plunder in the name of law , tney are only doing their duty to their masters—just working for their pay . They hold their lands for a certain consideration ; their titles arc derived from the samo source as that of the officers of an ancient bandit to the plunder their swords aided in securing .

      Tho tithe collector , the cess gatherer , tho law driver , the Grand Jury extortioner , haunt every recess , and seize upon all the means of livelihood —while thc absentee squanders in foreign climes , and encourages foreign industry with tho spoils of our impoverished land . Amid the dreariness of our wretched country , tho most hideous of earthly monsters , religions discussion , rears its horrid head , and " affrights tho isle from all propriety . " To England we attribute all these evils—to England we justly attribute them . All the crime , and some of tbe punishment , thank Heaven , belongs to England .

      Man cannot bo unjust with impunity . To countenance and support a faction—to enable a greedy and unemployed clergy to bloat with wealth , and live in luxury—to crush the sacred principles of liberty of conscience , and to extinguish the hope of rational freedom , is thc game England has long played in this country . She has succeeded to her heart ' s content , but she is beginning to pay for that vicious success . Ireland cannot bo oppressed and productive ; and her miseries must , ere long , entail retributive mis foxtune on the head of her enslaver .

      The Eakl Of Llossn Is At Present Engaged...

      The Eakl of llossn is at present engaged 'iu ftS * ti'onomical observations with Ida moastcr ' toleirjovo afcPavsonstown .- ^

      Mdttm Uttuiqence

      mdttm UttUiqence

      Dorkino.—A Lecture Was Delivered In Tho ...

      Dorkino . —A lecture was delivered in tho Odd Fellows' lodge-room , Three Tuns Inn , Dorking , on Friday evening , the 12 th inst ., by Mr . C . G . Reynolds , a working , man of this town . Mr . K . showed the necessity of extending tho elective franchise to every male adult registered resident—the evils of a state church , the legal plundering of thc people of two-thirds of the tithes—the evils of primogeniture and entail , showing the curse of locking up the land from tho cultivators of the soil—the necessity of extending free trade to all imported goods as well as home productions , and to all matters pertaining to the happiness of tho human family , particularly education , which ought to be as free as thc air wo breathe . The lecturer was warmly cheered during the delivery of his lecture , at the close of which he kindly promised to lecture again on Friday next-Thanks were unanimously voted to the lecturer and chairman , and the meeting separated

      Nottingham . —A public meeting on behalf of thc political prisoners was held in tho Town hall , on Monday evening last , for the purpose of adopting a memorial to her Majesty . —On tho motion of Mr . Sweet , Mr . John Wall was appointed chairman , who after a short address called upon Mr . Roberts to move thc first resolution , as follows : — " That this meeting deplores the excessive and severe punishment inflicted upon the persons of all political offenders ; that wc deeply lament two of our fellowcountrymen should havo been brought to a premature death by thc infliction of a cruel punishment for refusing to perforin a degrading and unhealthy labour , inflicted upon them contrary to thc sentence of the judge before whom they were tried , more

      especially as they were convicted on the evidence of witnesses of tho worst possible moral character , as proved on their trials . And that they were tried at a time of great political excitement all over Europe , when tho minds of jurors , and all those in the administration of the law , would be operated upon by such excitement , so as to give their verdict and award punishment under a momentary impulse , instead of a calm impartial exercise of their mental faculties , ; " which , being seconded by Mr . Skerritt , was carried unanimously . —Mr . Harrison moved , and Air . Fletcher seconded , the second resolution , as follows - . — " That if it is necessary to inflict punishment for such offences as havo been attributed to tho persons now suffering incarceration and banishment for political offences , it is the opinion of

      this meeting that sufficient punishment has been inflicted to satisfyjustice , and vindicate theauthority of the law ; and it is likewise the opinion of this meeting that anything like vindictive party revenge will have a tendency to lower the institutions ofthe country in the good opinion of the population . " Carried unanimously . —Mr . Sweet then moved , and Mr . Saunders seconded , the adoption of thc memorial , in telling speeches , which was unanimously agreed to , and ordered to bo forwarded to our esteemed member , F . O'Connor , Esq ., for presentation to the Home Office . The same individuals moved a vote of thanks to the Mayor , for the use of the Hall , which was also carried unanimously , and a vote of thanks to the Chairman , who briefly acknowledged thc compliment , and the meeting broke up .

      Northampton . —Tho democrats of Northampton meet weekly in the New Hall , Newland , and are prepared to join tho democrats of the midland counties , to commence a winter campaign . A crowded and enthusiastic meeting of Burgesses has been held in tho New Hall , Newland , to take into consideration tho propr iety of putting forward Chartist candidates at the approaching municipal election for this town . A resolution was passed , " That it was desirable to put them forward for each ward . " Six gentlemen were proposed to the meeting and carried unanimously . A memorial was also submitted to the meeting to be sent to Sir G . Grey , on behalf of the political prisoners . Bradford , Yorkshire . —On Sunday last , at a meeting of Land members , the subject of Mr . O'Connor ' s letter was discussed , and a resolution passed pledging tho meeting to assist in tho reorganisation of the Chartist movement ; and six shillings was forwarded to the Executive .

      To Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P. Respecte...

      TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ ., M . P . Respected Sir , —Having been requested by the members ofthe Chartist Association in this town to write you a few lines—we think it best to preface them with a short history of the Chartist cause in this very slothful and slumbering borough of Great Yarmouth . In March , 1848 , a few friends who had the cause of Chartism at heart , and had for a long time admired your bold , straightforward , and noble advocacy of the rights of the people , had a desire that your motion for the establishment ofthe Charter should be backed by a petition numerously signed by the inhabitants of this place ; and for that purpose , together with a view to establish a branch oftheNational Chartist Association , those friends , eight in number , formed themselves into a provisional committee , and their first step was to call a

      public meeting , by posters and handbills being duly circulated through the town , and the largest room we could command in the town was crowded to excess , and had it heen twice the size 1 believe it would have Leon full , for very many went away who could not gain admittance ; as it was we had a most glorious and enthusiastic meeting , notwithstanding the fact of our shortness of help and want of speakers , for those eight men who have been mentioned are all working men , and quite unacquainted with public speaking , and tho only stranger our means would allow us to invite at the time was also a working man , and one who has worked Iongand hard in tho good and holy cause , wo allude to Mr . Hurrell , of Norwich . This man has responded to our

      invitation then , as he has done several times since , with a willingness that does him great credit , and for which I hope he will , ere long , be rewarded in a much more substantial manner than it has been in our power to do , for , to the honest and zealous conduct and arguments of this true and noble patriot , we aro , m a great measure , indebted , and shall never forget his kindness in coming amongst us ; but , Sir , enough of the meeting ; a petition was soon got up and obtained , I believe fifteen or sixteen hundred signatures , and was forwarded for presentation to the House of Commons ; and the committee having done all they could to assist you in this , formed a branch of the Chartist Association , which , for a time , promised to do all we could desire . But

      alas ! the time of excitement over , our members fell away , and now we are , and have been left for some time , with only some fourteen or fifteen members ; those few we , however , believe are good men—men who will stand to the cause and the principles they have advocated , so long as life remains to thorn , although their path may be strewn with difficulties , and persecution meet them at every point ; and happy , yea , proud , am I to say , that out of the eight men who first attempted-this work in Yarmouth , one only has departed from us , the others remain to this day all safe . Aud now , Sir , it remains only for me , at this time , to inform you of the purport of this letter , which is this , as we have had no help in the town , no lecturinrr , bevond what

      we ourselves havo done , and wo having sent two sums to the Executive , and several to the Victim Fund , we consider ourselves members ofthe Association , and should bo very much obliged if you could pay us a visit . And it now appears Ukcly that we shall have a public meeting some time in November next , con veiicA by what is called "The Liberal Registration Society , " and Joseph Hume , Esq ., and Sir J . Walmsley , MX , are to attend ; and , m order that all classes may be represented at the meeting , we should be most happy to see you amongst us , for , we think , that if you was to visit

      tho town , our society would be increased , and much good would be done . I must now apologise for tho length I bavo trespassed upon your time , and hoping you will receive this in a favourable light , and consider it as a mark of our respect for you and the cause in which you have embarked . Wo subscribe ourselves your sincere , though humble , fellow workers in the good cause of Liberty , W . C . Sawyer , President . J . Fulcukk , Secretary . _ P . S . —An answer will much oblige at as early a time as convenient .

      M y Friends , I havo onl y just time to say that I will cheerfully attend the proposed meeting . Yours faithfull y , Feaugus O'Coxnoh .

      Tbe Chartist Prisoners And Their Familie...

      TBE CHARTIST PRISONERS AND THEIR FAMILIES .

      to the editor or the jjortherv star . Sir , —Until I heard Mr . O'Connor ' s speech at tho recent public meeting at John-street , I was not aware at whose expense the Chartist prisoners in the metropolis were exempted from the liability of offensive labour . Mr . O'Connor ' s munificence in this matter , ought to be put to the credit side of his account , in the public estimation . The letter of Mr . Rider , in last week's Star , I forwarded to a friend who . takes a generous interest in the welfare of all who incur suffering in their

      endeavour to serve the people , and he , desiring to lighten the generously assumed responsibility of Mr . O'Connor , instructs me to pay ten shillings per month for the three months , present and ensuing , October , November , and December , to Mr . Rider towards the relief from labour of the prisoners iu question . In the case of Mr . Ernest Jones , In particular -, talent , temper , education , station , and I will add , public , literary services , must combine to render the compulsory pickin g of oakum , perfectly revolting to him ; and it will scarcely he believed , that tho many who have given him their applause so lavishly , should not , now they know tho truth ,

      Tbe Chartist Prisoners And Their Familie...

      hasten to give their pence to relieve him from « ,-indignity . "" The same gentleman , " It , L . B ., " also comn , ia sions me to purchase one pounds worth ofi « V " of books of the iato Henry IIctherin * ton > present them to the " Distribution collection >> , which Mr . Thomas Clark is secretary f ™ . « benefit of the " Wives and families of the ' CI JVictims . ( I have for warded a contribution 5 * own books for the same purpose . ) The anm y atcness of presenting books of Mr . Hctherii \ lIT }' this Lottery is worthy of notice , it is lt " j ; ™ honour the dead and servo the living rv . u Hcthcrington know it he would rejoice in i destination of his volumes . And for tho **« * those concerned , I hope the circumstance will ! an attraction to the " Distribution " provo Yours , very faithfull y , Manner otBae , Oct . Wth . MlO . llm ' ™ -

      #«»«*, «&.

      # «»«* , «& .

      Corn, Mask Lane, Monday, Oct. 13 -.N.,,....

      CORN , Mask Lane , Monday , Oct . 13 -. n .,,..,,.. ¦ , Hah and foreign wheat during theSj ? . 1 ta «> % . moderate , and with few sampWrom ¦ . f ^ to this morning ' s marke t , lit-had , ! ? , „ , ! ' ? llomo counties trade at an advance of Is to 3 S ro / r , . '" ' ! Jife » the Monday ' s prices , and fully h 11 ' . r- ^ ngasli upon C Flour dull , liarloy , bothir ¦*» nlJ J ' ! « !*««! £ with a readj nle at full ,, „• « .,. , " *•;! £ s " * " & m « ts dear , Th * supply of lb *} ,,,, oat , - ' « L * I" ? L' ^ as of all descriptions sold i . mtv „ .,,, ^ . ^\ , fine tom In rje little doin , U ^ £$ **&&* ^' toV ^^ Ti ^^^^^ „ i . !„„ .. „ . i * r % J * „ ., !„ v ..... v * " V ? 0 l , 1 > MrfolU , and Yoi-V . hirered 35 a to 40 s XorthuinbciW

      s , , , and Wc \ viS SSa to 38 . s ditto red , 01 to 8 fe , Dev ^ ife Sa ^ K ' shire , red , -s to -s , ditto white - to _* ,-Ve ° iVtn'v * r barley , 243 to 32 s , Scotch , 2 : ) s to 2 Ss , An 4 s-s to * ' Malt ordinary , —s to -s , pale , 52 s to 55 s , neas , wev ii ^ - ' 2 « s to 28 s , maple 28 s to 80 s , white , 21 s to 2 b » . boilers foeIV 28 s to Sis , beans , large , netv , 2 : ; s to 25 s , ticks 25 s to " sharrow , 27 s to 30 s , pigeon , 80 s to 32 s , oats , Lincoln "jml Yorkshire , feed , 15 s to 20 i , ditto Poland and iiohto 17 s to 22 s , Jienvick and Scotch , 17 s to 24 s , a ^ i feed , 17 s to 22 s , Irish feed , and black , 15 s to 20 s , dj t t () potato , 17 s to 2 : js , linseed ( soiling ) 50 s to -52 s , razeed Essex , neiv , £ ' 27 to £ " 80 per last , carraway seed , Essex , new ' 26 ' s to 30 s per civt , rape cake , £ 4 to £ 4 10 s per ton , linl seed , £ 0 Ms to £ 10 10 s . per 1 , 000 , flow , per sack oimWa ship , 28 s to Wi , town , 38 s to 40 s . '

      Fobeigx . — Wheat , — Danr / Ag , 44 * to 523 , AnhaH and Marks , 36 to 44 s , ditto whitej 40 s to 44 s , Pomeranian red , 38 s to 42 s , Uostock 42 s to 48 s , Danish , Holstdn , and Friesland , SOsto 85 s , Petersburg !! , Archangel , and Uiga > SS ' Ji to 34 s , Polish Odessa , 32 s to 38 s , Marianopoli , and ]{ er dianski , 32 s to 35 s , Taganrog , 33 s to 31 s , Brabant and French , 3 'ds to 38 s , ditto white , 38 s to 42 s , Saloniea , 30 s to 33 s , Egyptian , 23 s to 2 Cs , rye , 20 s to 22 s , barley , Wism ; lr and Rostock , 18 s to 22 s , Danish , 18 s to 22 s , Saal , 20 s to 24 s , East i'riesiand , 15 s to 17 s , Egyptian , 14 s to las , Danube , 14 s to 15 s , peas , white , 25 s to 27 s , new boilers , Us to 30 s , beans , horse , 24 s to 30 s , pigeon , 30 s to 32 s , Egyptian , 22 s to 24 s , oats , Groningett , Danish , Bremen , and Frieslaud , feed and black , lis to lfis , ditto , thick and brew , 15 s to 22 s , ltiga , Petersburg , Archangel , and Swedish , 14 s to 16 s , flour , United States , per WClbs ., 21 s to 2-3 s , Haul , burg 20 s to t > s , Dantzig and Stettin , 20 s to 23 s , French per 280 lk , 32 s to 35 s . TVEDNESDAr , Oct . 7 . — The arrivals of grain fresh in this week are very limited . Wheat , and all other articles , held firmly at Monday ' s prices , most of our country markets being on the advance .

      KiciiMOWD ( YoitKsiiiBE ) , October 12 . —We only had a thin supply of wheat this morning . Wheat sold from 5 s Cd te lis « d ; oats , Is 9 d to Ss -3 d ; barley , 3 s to 3 s Cd ; beans , is to 4 s Gd per bushel .

      BREAD . The prices of ivhenten bread in the metropolis are from Old . to 7 cL : of houselwld ditto , 5 d . to fid . perllbs . lout :

      CATTLE . SiimiFlELD , Monday , October 15 . —The supply of Foreign beasts and sheep here to-day was again extensive , but ot very middling quality . The number of Foreign calves were small . From our own grazing district , the arrivals of beasts fresh up this morning were very extensive , even the time of year considered ; but their general quality was in . t ' erior ; indeed , scarcely a single reall y prime Scot was offering . The primest beasts were in fair request , at last week ' s quotations , viz ., from 3 s Sd to 3 s lOd pet- 8 lbs . ; but all other kinds of beef , as the dead markets were extensively supplied , moved off heavily , at a decline in the prices of Monday last of 2 d per Slbs . With all breeds of sheep , except Downs , we were well supplied ; their quality , how . ever , was indifferent . Generally speaking the mutton trade was in a very sluggish state , at a fall in the quotations paid on this day se ' nnight of 2 d per Slbs . The highest figure for mutton was 4 s per Slbs . Priniesmallpoites sold steadily at full prices . In other kinds of pork next to nothing was doing .

      Head of Gauze at Smitofieid . — Friday . —Beasts , SOiJ ; sheep , 6 , 480 ; calves , 29-5 ; pigs , 240 . Monday . —Beasts , 4 , 919 ; sheep , 29 , 240 ; calves , 141 ; pigs , 243 . Price per stone of Slbs . ( sinking the oftalj . —Beef , 2 s Sd to 3 s lOd ; mutton , Ss Od to 4 s Ud ; veal , 3 s 0 J to 3 s Cd ; pork , 3 s 2 d to 4 s 2 d . BfEWGATE and Z . EADEXHAU , Monday , Oct . 15 . —Inferior beef , 2 s 4 d to L ' S Cd ; middling ditto , is Sd to 2 s lOd ; prime large , 3 s Od to 3 s 2 d ; prime small , 3 s 4 d to 3 s Od ; large pork , 3 s 4 d to 3 s 8 d ; inferior mutton , 2 s lOd to 3 s 2 d ; middling ditto , 3 s 4 d to 3 s 6 'd ; prime ditto , 3 s 8 d to 3 s 10 J ; veal , 3 s 2 d to 3 s 8 d ; small pork , 3 s lOd to 4 s 4 d ; per Slbs . by the carcase .

      PROVISIONS . London , Monday , October 15 . —The arrivals last week ; from Ireland , were 27 , 510 firkins butter , and 570 bales bacon , and from Foreign ports 5 , 810 casks butter , and 320 boxes and bales of bacon . We have to notice an improvement in the butter market ; the demand very good , and prices Of the best descriptions advanced 2 s per cwt . The market closed firm . Best Dutch U 2 sto 94 s perewt . The supply of Irish bacon having decreased considerably , and the trade being quite bare of fresh meat , prices advanced towards the close of the week 2 s to 4 s per civt . Lard without alteration . Fine hams scarce . Stocks aud deliveries for the weekending October 13 -. — Butter . Bacos . Stock . Delivery . Stock . Delivery . 1847 .... 30 , 330 14 , 070 2 , 010 990 1848 .... 59 , 050 11 , 110 , 1 , 330 690 1849 .... 49 , 570 13 , 580 620 1 , 250

      English Butter Market , October 15 . —The trado dwritig the -week has been active for tine butter , at a trifling 0 d > VanCO . For inferior qualities the demand has continued languid , and lower prices have in some instances been accepted to effect sales . Fine Dorset butter , 90 s to 92 s perewt . ; middling , 70 s to Sis ; Fresh butter , 0 s to lis per dozen lbs .

      POTATOES . SoCTrnwYRK . Waterside , October 15 . — The arrivals last week were rather limited : they met a ready sale at the following prices : —Yorkshire Hegents , 70 s to Sas per ton ; Wisbeach ditto , ( i ' js to 70 s ; Scotch ditto , G 5 s to 70 s ; foreign whites , 50 s to 70 s . HOPS . Borough , Monday , October 15 . — Our hop trade contiiiues iu a very inactive state , and prices are somewhat lower for Sussex hops . Kcnts , however , especially the finer sorts , maintain their value , and a slight advance has in some cases taken place . The duty of £ 80 , 000 finds supporters .

      SEEDS . London , Oetolcr 15 . —There was a good supply of Canary seed from Essex and Kent , and factors had to submit to : i further decline ; the article may be quoted 70 s to 75 s " , The transactions in oilier- sorts of s ' eeds wore nuiw u-irtinj , and prices remained nominally unaltered . British . —Clover seed , red 35 s to 40 s ; fine 43 s to 50 s ; white 31 s to 42 s ; cow grass [ nominal ] —sto —s ; linseed ( per qr . ) sowing 54 s to 56 s ; crushing 40 s to 42 s ; linseed cakes ( per 1 , 000 of Slbs . each ) £ 9 0 s to £ 10 0 s ; Trefoil ( jwr cwt . ) 14 s to 18 s ; rapeseed , new ( perlastj £ 28 0 s to £ 29 us ; ditto cakes ( per ton ) £ 4 us to £ 4 10 s ; mustard ( per bushel ) white Cs 9 d ; brown Ss to 10 s ; Coriander ( per ctvt . ) 16 s to 25 s ; Canary ( per qr . ) new 70 s to 75 s ; turnip , white ( per bushel ) —s to —a ; ditto Sweeoish —s to —s ; tares , winter per bushel 4 s Od to 5 s Od ; can-away ( per cwt . ) 28 s to 29 s ; ; new 30 s to 34 s ; rye grass ( per qr . ) —s to —s .

      Foreign . —Ciover , red ( duty as per cwt . ) per cwt . , 30 s to 40 s ; ditto -white ( dutv us per cwt . ) per ewt . . 24 s to 42 s ; Unseed ( per ijy . ) ISaUie » is to GOs ; Odessa 40 a i to 44 s ; linseed cake ( per ton ) £ ii to £ S ; rape cake ( per ton ) ) £ 4 5 » to £ -4 . 10 s .

      TALLOW , HIDES , AND OILS . Tallow , Monday , October la . —Since Monday last this s market has been decidedly active , and prices have further : r advanced 3 d to Cd per cwt . The deliveries , last week , » , were 3 , 549 and the imports 5 , 251 casks , leaving a stock to- oday of 43 , 502 casks . This monitug , P . l ' . C . on the spot is is selling atots 3 d to 3 " , awl for forward delivery , 37 s 3 d 3 d per cwt . At those quotations , however , the chandlers arc re not eager buyers . Town tallow , 37 s to 37 s 3 d per ewt . net let cash ; rough fat , 2 s Id per Slbs . Ouv St . Petersburg letter ter states that prices were firmer , with only a moderate busi-isiness doing . IiEadenhaiu—Market hides , 5 CIb . to 041 b ., l ^ d tolJd per » er lb . ; ditto , 6415 . to 721 b .. lid to l | d . ; ditto , 721 b . to ' SOtb ., th ., ljd to 24 d ; ditto , SOIb . to 881 b ., 2 Jd to 2 j [ d ; ditto , S 81 b . to , to 9 iilb ., 2 Jd to 3 id ; ditto , 9 CIb . to 1041 b .. 3 d to 3 d ; ditto , ito , 104 ) b . toll 2 & ., 3 ± to 4 d ; calf-skins , each , 4 s to 5 s Gd jlambiubi skins , 2 s Od to 2 s lOd ; Horse hides , 7 s Od : Shearlings , Is 8 ds 8 d ! to 2 s Id . a

      Linseed , per cwt ., 30 s Cdto— s ; rapeseed , Englishlish i refined , 39 s Od to—s : brown , 38 s Od ; Gallipoli , per ton . ton .. 441 . to-4 . ; Spanish , ill . ; Sperm , SOI . ; bagged Sll . ; Southmtht Sea , 32 { . 10 s to 335 . ; Seal , pale , 8 C { . to oil Ids ; do ., co-, eo--loured , 331 . ; cod , 20 t ; cocoa nut , per ton , 881 . to Ml . t' ) l . palm , 30 J .

      HAY . Smithfhxd , October 12 . —At per load of 36 Uvsses .-es .-Meadow , old , 50 s to 72 s ; clover , old , COs to Oc ' s ; strawraw 24 s to 30 s .

      WOOL . Citt , Monday , October 15 The imports of wool intt iiitt London last week were 3 , 008 bales , of which 2 , 031 werwerr from Sydney , 3 , 075 from Van Diemeu ' s land , and the roe ren from Hio de Janeiro and Germany . The public sales des c c wool have closed , and about 49 , 000 ; bales have been oft ' ered ' erec ( The destruction of a portion at the lire at Messrs Gooc . looc ? and Cousen ' s warehouses has rather assisted the markeiu-ke ; but the salvage will be sold . The decline upon colonial hial i about Id to l $ d per lb ., but Cape is considered to hai han nearly maintained its value , and it is the low and inferiuferid description of wool offered that has in part been the cam caul of prices ruling lower .

      Liverpool , October 13 . —Scotch . —There has been litti lit t business doing in Laid Highland wool this week , withevithec variation in price . White has also been less inquired fed f f The best class of Cheviot and cross are ill fair ( leniand / dritL , late rates . Fqufags . —The pviUic sales that have been going onig oni London for the last month will be brought to a close Hose 11 day . There was a public auction here of about l , ut 1 , 1 , balesLucnos Ayrcs , 1 , 000 East India , 500 Oporto , Turl TurH and other sorts , on the 17 th inst . . A Sk"ir ^ iov iU e wc * > 1 » 7 S 6 bulcs / previously tJiis yJiis yirt 10 , 890 bales .-Total , 42 , 628 bales .

      The Of St At The Rrin Printed By Tfilliam Kideit, Of No. 5, Macclesficld-Stisld-Stiti

      the of St at the rrin Printed by TFILLIAM KIDEIt , of No . 5 , Macclesficld-stisld-stiti

      M Parish . Anne, Westminster, Rrmu Offic...

      m parish . Anne , Westminster , rrmu Office-, 16 , Great Wmdwdii-stveet , llaymarket , in thc n thc J ofWestsiinster . forthePreprietor . FKAKGGSO'CONiCONlil Esq . M . P ., and published by the said Willum . Uide . B . idee the Office , in the same street aud parish , —gatu-Satuu ' October 20 th , 1849 .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 20, 1849, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20101849/page/8/