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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th September 1845, Edition 2 of 4, Page 1, (FliOM OCR OW.V IAXD C0MMI~7:G~En. ") lt...

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    • BELGIUM.
    • #Dmait ftttmt'genefc
    • <&f;nrt&i %nttlliumzz
    • (Kto'essam&rate
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      Belgium.

      BELGIUM .

      (Fliom Ocr Ow.V Iaxd C0mmi~7:G~En. ") Lt...

      ( FliOM OCR OW . V IAXD C 0 MMI ~ 7 : G ~ En . " ) lt : tteh i . TO THE WOEEIXG GLASSES OF GREAT BRITAIN ASD IRELAND . JIt Dear IYjesds , —As I Lave ever entertained ike opinion that a just appropriation and judicious -mauatjement of the land of a country can alone ensure ilic happiness of all , and at the same time destroy that frightful inequality of class which the creation of too ra ueh fictitious wealth made from other sources lias engendered in your own countries ; as such Las ever been my opinion , you will of course expect a

      jnore comprehensive correspondence from me , than the mere recital of the system of agriculture prac tise . ' , in Belgium . You will expect me to deduce the goml in the institutions of Bel gium from that source from which alone good can spring ; namely , from an aggregate of nwx rsDirmu-iis ; from that social state of which the government of a country must be the actual as well as the virtual representation . TTheii we sec feuds in England , and hear of thorn in Ireland , the press of the two countries invariably point to the re * fleemc & of the English people , and to the religion of the Irish , as the grand cacses of dissatisfaction ; leaving the " cesat pact " altogether cut of sight—the fact that a govaninant of e & iv . > alit < xil < is but the representation of the communism of the

      wealthy ; elected by capitalists , whether cf land or money , for the mere purpose of administering the laliaur-wcalth of the country to the wants , the whims , ana the necessities of the privileged . THica I see an empire , perhaps the richest in the known world , both as to land and climate , with a population unsurpassed by any oilier in skill and indastiy , depending for its very csister . ee as an empire upon the rule of ¦ tie-policeman ' s ftaf and the soldier s musket ; with , a majority cf its people opposed to all existing institutions ; and when , on the other hand , I 3 nd a country miserably poor in soil , with a people not only reconciled to its institutions , but protective of its laws , and happy under their administration , I am naturally led to an investigation of this great anomaly .

      I have designated England as being rich in soil , and genial in climate . 3 Co douht- those of my readers ¦ who have heard tliexuneriilc soil and ub ^ rM climate of England urged as a reason for abandoning the growth cf corn altogether , and who have heard so much of the richness and fertility of the land of Selgium and of other countries , will have received an impression that these assertions are true ; whereas I can now speak from experience , having seen as much , or perhaps more , of the different descriptions of the soil of Belgium , within one week , as any other person las seen of it within the same time . Ton will Le astonished to hear , then , that the land of Belgium 5 s far inferior to land in England that lets for one pound an acre , as the land that lets for one pound

      there , is to land that Jets for five pounds an acre . In fact , I have not seen many acres cf land in "Belgium that would let at a largc-farm rent in England , in the best fanning districts , for one pound the acre : and here it lets for £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 0 , and up to £ 9 the acre : thus verifying my oft-repeated assertion , that the worth of laud in the retail market is as yet unknown . Having said so much by way of preface , I shall now describe my tour , which has been one uninterrupted scene of unmixed pleasure and delight ; and if I sec Ltopsld in the park to-day , where , I am told , Itc v-alks ± viHi t 7 ie Queen almost every day amongst the 2- € « ea 3 tis , JiXB TAKES OIT HIS HAT TO THE POOREST max that salutes nisi , much as I hate " kings , " I will take cS mv hat to the head of such

      Institutions as I have seen . On this day week ( Sunday ) I arrived at Ostcnd from Dover , after a horribly boisterous passage of seven hours , being nearly three hours more than the average run : and J , and every soul on board , except the sailors , were as sick as sick coahl he the whole time . On landing I was struck with the military appearance of all around inc , and all that I came in contact with ; but I very soon learned from the demeanour of all , that they were soldiers whose duly it was to protect me and mine , and to administer in every possible way to my convenience . They performed the duty of searching lay lusaiee wiih a perfect absence of all harshness ; and

      having lost the key of a travelling bag , I asked tneni to force the lo ; k open , upon which a superior officer of customs was called , wlio , having taken off his hat , and having saluted me , put the bag outside , and Landing it to nic , said , in French , " 2 \ o , no , sir ; I will not force it open : Itaheyoarword to be correct . " This first introduction to the o ! Eccr of the customs contrasted strongly with the conduct of a ftiflian at Brighton , who , on my landing from Dieppe some years ago , snatched my bag cut of my hand and threatened to keep it , if I could not 2 nd the key in . siantly . As ycu don't want to hear anything about jetties , and breakwaters , and fortifications , in all of

      which Ostend is prodigiously rich , I shall bring you to -what vriil Merest yon . move . I was up at six o ' clock on Monday morning , and proceeded about seven to view the several market places where the peasants stand with their produce ; and , 0 ! what a sight ! In the first market there were women with eggs , butter , and milk , all dressed in a style of the most fascinating neatness . Each wore long gold eai rings and large brooches in their shawls . Each had on , also , a neat cap , the border beautifully quilled ; and a coloured handkerchief , tied over it , and under the chin , appeared to he the great pride of all . I wish the Eng lish -workers could have seen the straight ,

      majestic-looking peasants that I saw in this market , to which some had walked a distance of three miles with their produce . There was not a stunted one , hot an unhealthy one , nor an unhappy-looking one amongst them ; and net a singlepolicenum to Keep tftem in order . I have not seen a policeman , thank God , since I earae to this paradise of places . In the second market place there were vegetables and potlierbs of all soils . Men and women stood mingled together , laughing and talking cheerfully . The shopkeepers and servants of the town came to buy what ilier wasted * rjiJ the " most respectable" purchasers commenced with a most kindly and polite salutation ,

      which was as courteously returned by the peasant . I bought some fruit , and get a paper bag full of greengages , plums , and pears for fourpence . Everything " seemed to invite you to taste ; all looked so deliriously clean . Leaving this market , I went to the fish market , where everything was equally well airaugcd . Having learned that the peasants who lro , H ; t the vegetables and herbs to market came principally from a little village called Oldenberc , about three miles distant , I went by railway to a station called Piasscheudael , pronounced Plasscandale ; and fi oni thence I walked to Oldenberg , two and a half miles . I had an introduction to a Mr . Bellroache , an

      English geatk-ajfln , wk > is a banker at Oitend , and -resides for the most part at the Cafe Swiss—the Swiss Colfec-house ; and whose servants I was told spoke English very well . Unfortunately , however , l » lr . B . and his servants lad left the village that morning for Ostcnd ; and I could not find a single guide . There were only two persons in the village ^ bo coul d speak French : and not one who could speak English . The language is Flemish ; so I was obliged to pick what I could out of the schoolmaster , who was one of the tvro that spoke French . His

      occupation not being on the land , he could not give me much information ; so I walked through seme of the gardens to judge for myself , from their appearance and the appearance of the tenantry . It would be quite impossible , an absolute impossibility , to describe this village and its circle of gardens to you . In the centre of the Village is a triangular plot of grass , less than half an acre , surrounded with lime trees , that make a beautiful shade from the sun . Here the children of the village play and amuse themselves . The houses are as neat as neat can be ; and the people are as clean and as well dressed as comfort and health

      require . The whole village is surrounded with gartiCiis ; and each garden is enclosed with a hedge trained to a very thin paling—not to take up much 5 °° w . The hedges are not more than perhaps three wches thick , and are kept neatly trimmed . The gardens -vary from half an acre to an acre : and tuora are also orchards every here and there . Being determined to see what I could , I " poked my nose ^ nto some of the cottages ; and hearing the piano T ery well played in one cottage , I stopped for a short time at the door , which was open , when a very respectable young man came out of the parlour and invited me in . I accepted his invitation . He was the schoolmaster ; and offered to play some German aire for me , with variations ; but as I had not time , he took me into his garden , which was very nicely kept .

      (Fliom Ocr Ow.V Iaxd C0mmi~7:G~En. ") Lt...

      ^ ot a morsel ground allowed go to " waste " in Belgium ; and that is the great secret of the national prosperity , which is increasing rapidly everi year . When I had concluded my ramble , I returned to the Cafe Swiss , and had an excellent dinner of broiled lamb , and bread , and butter , and cheese , and a glass of pure French brandy , for which I paid eightpencesevenpence halfpenny for dinner , and a halfpenny for a snisll glass of brandy . I went into some publichouses , which were extremely neat . They mainly consist of one very larger-coin , where the peasants anil shopkeepers meet in common , and plav a very curious

      game , which I can neither sjcll nor well describe . They drink very little of anything ; but what they do drink is principally a very thin sour beer ; but they like it . I spent about three and a half hours in this village of happy contentment , and returned to the station to start for Brussels / the capital of Belgium . And here I must describe the railway arrangements , which is another great "Institution , " governed likewise by the system of agriculture . An English stranger , who merely entered a Belgium "station , " would be horrified at its first appearance . Ycu see all the officers in militaiy uniform , with large moustachios and swords . The railroads all belong to

      Government , and are satioxal property . Ilere , as at the Custom-house , I soon learned that the business of every officer , from the lowest to the highest , was to insure the comfort and convenience of the passengers . You have only to complain of any irregularity , and withop I the slightest bluster , or even apparent effort , it is instantly eoireeted , the officer apologising for any inconvenience you may have suffered . He knows that he is the puhUe servant , and conducts himself as stick . Kow a word on the travelling . There are third class carriages attached to every train , and placed in the veiy best situation , between the first and second class carriages , for shelter . Thev

      are furnished with comfortable seats , either with back , front , or side to the engine . My business being to see the country and "the people , " J . took my place in a third class carriage for Brussels , a distance of eighty-two miles , and for which I paid Ss . Uld ., or very little more than one halfpenny a mile . In the second class , which are all enclosed and provided with comfortable cushions , . you go from Osfond to Cologne , 212 miles , for lGs . 7 d . ; considerably less than one penny a mile . I was at first amazed at the low charge and great attention to the third class passengers : but the riddle was very speedil y solved . At every station the occupants of the third class carriages mainly cleared out , and a fresh batch

      came in : wonting men , shopkeepers , and gentlemen and ladies , all conversing familiarly together ; the men smoking : their pipes , and the women returning from market with their baskets . There was just as much attention paid to the third class passengers as to those of the first . I very soon saw , from the immense length of the train , and the number of third class passengers , that the iaxd was the principal support of the railways . One reason of this cheap travelling is the entirely level country through which the roads are made . I have travelled some 200 miles by railroad , and have only seen one very short tunnel . Tho line is quite level with the fields on either side , with the exception of very trilling excavations , very rarely met with . The expense of

      making the Belgium Lues has been about £ 12 , COO a mile ; while the English lines have cost somewhere about £ 60 , 000 a mile : besides , the Belgian first and second class carriages are not only very much more inexpensive , but much more comfortable , and their stations much more convenient . Before a train starts , a guard in front sounds a trumpet to announce to one beltind that he is ready ; and when the hinder one answers , then the train starts . All along the lino from Ostcnd to Brussels , eighty-two miles , you can scarcely see a grass field , or a herd of oxen or cows . Every particle is cultivated up to the edge of the road , and for the most part with green crops . All the cattle and sheep arc kept in the houses . It is remarkably beautiful to see the adroit manner in which the young women handle all their

      implements of agriculture ; and still more beautiful to see the mothers , relieved from all care but that of housekeeping , managing the domestic concerns . Tho mother takes care of the house , while the father and sons and daughters that arc able to work , uorlc in tlic field ; and the eldest of the youngsters that are not able to work , takes care of the youngest children in the fields , where they sit nnd play with them , and amuse them under the eye of the father and the elder ones : but at a very young age they weed , and help , with a rope , to draw manure in a wheelbarrow . The land cf Belgium is of a light sandy nature ; so much so that a girl of sixteen or seventeen years of age will dig briskly by the side of a man , without putting her foot to the spado . They have light implements made to suit their strength .

      If the land of Belgium was treated like the land of Eu ^ land , it would not produce anything ; and if the land of England was cultivated as the land o Belgium is , it would feed half the world . It would fecdinirev . hxxdiyeb iuixioss of a population . Here I may digress a little , to state what a man who holds three acres toid me last evening . His name is Hendrick . He lives at a village called Jlofstade , near Alost , the great hop country . He told me that

      an acre and a "little bit" would support a -whole family well , and keep a cow into the bargain . Now , observe , that is—would keep a cow , independent of tie family ' s support ; and his land is not worth onefifth part as much as tho average land of England . In fact , it is only by the incessant , continuous , digging , weeding , and attention , that the land in this country can be made to produce anything , it is of such an inferior quality .

      I must speak more at large hereafter of what I learned from Hendrick and others ; and must now close this , my first despatch , with a general outline of what I have learned . I have been over the ground of "Wateuloo ; and there I learned much about the system of large farms , and the inestimable system of Poor Law in this country , which should put ow tyrant managers of the law tofhcblush . I have been all over a splendid hospital for the sick , and the

      aged , and infirm , supported by its own land , and managed by twenty-ono " Sisters of Charity , " in a way that would do any man ' s heart good to see . Bear in mind that these things are in a purely Roman Catholic country ; and bear in mind that the press of England has invariably ascribed the discontent and poverty of the Irish people to their religion . Here also are government schools for all classes ; and books found and everything needed for instruction . No secterianteaching whatever . This ,

      too , is Catholic . I conclude this , my first address , by telling you that the potatoe crop has tailed in this country . More than the year ' s crop has been lost . I must solve that riddle for you . Not only is this year ' s crop "one ; but it will be impossible to get seed ron SEXT teak . I have seen the potatoes digged . 1 have spoken to the farmers , and to the gentlemen , in very extensive districts ; and all agree that the crop is gone without redemption . The King of Belgium is about to assemble Parliament to take the question into consideration . The potatoes are not as largo as

      walnuts , and are quite rotten . One man had three pigs killed from eating them , at the other side of Al ost . He was digging his potatoes ; and had less than four sacks of what in Ireland we call poreens ; that is , pigs' potatoes ; not worth sixpence for the whole . In an ordinary year he would have had on the same ground 100 sacks of good potatoes . The people look upon the failure as a national calamity , and look to Government for relief . Our Parliament onlv has occasional sittings to " suspend the Habeas Corpus Act , " or to shoot the Chartists . When shall xve have a Land Pabliamest ? Ever your faithful friend and servant , Brussels , Sunday , Sept . 14 . Fjargus O'Ccssob .

      (Fliom Ocr Ow.V Iaxd C0mmi~7:G~En. ") Lt...

      P . S . —This is Sunday ; and « H the people are working , just as on any other da / : that is , those that like . The shops are all open , at id the theatres ; and yet this is a Roman Catholic - ' country . So is Ireland .

      And National 1bades' Journal.

      AND NATIONAL 1 BADES' JOURNAL .

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      Spain. Attempt At Revolution . Thank God...

      SPAIN . ATTEMPT AT REVOLUTION . Thank God there is vitality in Spain yet ! An attempt at revolution was made in Madrid on the night of the 5 th last ., and although the attempt failed through the treachery of certain parties whom the revolutionists counted on , still the mere attempt is something . Despite the long " reign of terror " which has decimated the ranks of the patriots , they arc yet formidable ; nnd it is evident lack neither money , arms , or courage to effect their ends . The following account of the attempted revolution we gather from the correspondence of the Kmcs and Chronicle : — M . tt > mD , SEFTEMBEn 6 . One danger has scarcely passed away when another comes .

      Madrid was last night near being made ( he scene of a i evolntioni ' 5 ih ' - > wJiVch- ' -f . herc is no doubt-much blood would have beeii shed . The attempt lasted scarcely an hour , though in that space of tinio blocd flowed . Up to ten o ' clock , or nearly go , last night , the city presented an appearance of tranquillity ( . 1 the must perfect kind , at least in tho central parts d it . There were few persons in the streets , not certainly more than on ordinary occasions at the same hour . Nothing was seen or heard which indicated that anything extraordinary was about to occur . At

      the moment of tiro greatest stillness , a lew minutes after ten o ' clock , four volleys of musketry were suddenly heard from the Callc A ' . cala , and tho gate of Rccolctos , which is at one extremity of the Prado . Instantly the few persons who were in the streets hastened home . The houses and shops were at once shut : and every one believed that a terrible struggle of some kind or other was about to take place . In less than a quarter of an hour nothing was to be seen but large bodies of cavalry and infantry moving in the direction of the gate of Aleala and the Pucrta

      del Sol . About the same time a group of persons , who , it is believed , had previously assembled somewhere near the gate of Rccolctos , was seen advancing steadily towards the fountain of Cibele , in the Callc Aleala , ami thence proceed towards tho barrack of £ 1 T ' o' -ito , -where the vegiment cf Navarre was stationed . At the same time a company of another regiment moved towards the same point , and having challenged the groups of person justmenl-ioncd , wen ; answered with a full discharge of musketry , which was instantly replied to . A detachment issued oul on the mount from the barrack of El Posito , and fired another volley—at whom , however is not < j > iite clear . The result of these discharges of musketry following each other within a few minutes , was—an officer killed , another severely wounded ; a few soldiers wounded , of whom it is said two are dead ; and on the part of the group who came down from the llccoletos lour were killed , ' and between the wounded and untouched twenty-four were made prisoners .

      while this was going on in the quarter of the town to which I refer , the other parts were not tranquil , Several discharges of musketry and single firing were heard in different parts of the city . A part ol the firing issued from the patrols that were moving about , and who discharged their pieces on groups ol people who did not at once disperse at the approach of the military . In the meantime a large force of the military moved on the Pucta del Sol , or proceeded hastily to the different points where danger was dreaded . The Political Chief , the Captain General , and the Governor of Madrid , traversed the city , accompanied by numerous escorts of the civil guard and the troops of the garrison . A party of the insurgents proceeded to the house of General Cordova , the governor , and threatened to enter it by force . They were repulsed by the guard s who fired into them .

      Several accidents occurred , not at all extraordinary , from the frequent discharges of musketry that took place in the dark , and often at random . The doctor of one of the regiments of tho garrisonja-as-sliot as he was passing through the Callc de Pcligros , which loads from the Callc Caballero de Gracia into the Callc Aleala ; and some persons were wounded in tho Plnzuula do las Cortes . Shots were fired , it is not said by whom , into the carriages of General Concha , but the horses only wore wounded . M . Slftt ' . giiin , son of the celebrated Prcwch deputy ,

      was arrested last night , at ten o clock , in the Callc Alc & la , as he was proceeding to the Callc del Turco to join a musical party which lie is in the hain ' t of frequenting , lie expostulated with the soldiers , explaining that ho was a stranger who had no concern with the political movements , and the only , reply made was to beat him with the butts of theirmiiskcts . lie asked to sec the oiiiccr , who answered by striking him with his sword , lie requested to be taken to General Cordova , who ordered him off to prison . He was liberated this morning . It is to bo hoped that the French Ambassador will not allow such an

      outrage to pass unnoticed . SEriKMann 7- —It is stated that the Government was aware of every particular connected with the movement of Friday night ; and if precautions had been openly taken they would have prevented the conspirators from making the attempt . There appears to be little doubt that tho revolutionists calculated on the co-operation , not only of a portion of the regiments already spoken of , but also of some other battalions forming the garrison . It is also said that the unfortunate young " oflicer who lost his life was not unaware of the existence of the plot , Money had been largely distributed among tho troops " : 10 , 000 dollars are spoken of . The Government lias obtained possession of 8 , 000 intended for the same purpose . Threatening letters have been received bv the Ministers here .

      " One officer is spoken of ns having received 8 , 000 reals ; and as soon as he had the money he went to the Captain-General and revealed all ho knew . The conspirators intended first to have entered the barracks of El Posito , where they counted on tho cooperation of the greater portion of the troops , hut were thrown into confusion by their being received with a discharge of musketry from tho windows . After having sained the park of artillery , Buena Vista , and the barracks , they were to have distributed the arms belonging to tho ex-national guard to the mob , and then marched to the centre of the town

      and occupied the Post-ofiicc and Custom-house , where they expected to be aided by the other battalions they couated on . The usual treachery which is found to * prevail , particularly in Spain , when so many are combined , destroyed tiie whole plan . Madmd , Septemiier 8 . —Madrid is still in a state of great excitement , and it appears extremely doubtful whether the authorities will be able to maintain tranquillity for any length of time . Several persons , taken with arms in their hands during the recent disturbances , have been condemned by court martial , and two of them were io be executed on the following dav .

      The mother of General Cordova has had the title conferred on her of Marchioness of Mendagorria , with remainder to her son , as a reward for the excessive severity ( called by tho Government " energy" ) exorcised by the general during the recent disturbances at Madrid , ' Whether the present military governor of Madrid will ever come into the succession ol tno title is very doubtful . The exasperation against him is extreme " . He has a guard constantly placed both before and behind his house , which has two entrances —the front one in the Callc de Aleala , andtnc otucr in that of Caballero de Graeia . Last night , it is said , an attempt was made to get in at the latter entrance , lie is the fii-st military commander Unit has made himself publicly conspicuous and obnoxious . People compare him to Quesada , whose end wi . J probably be his . The state of things and feelings at Madrid is much the same as when Mural ana the

      French were here . An officer dare not go along down the Callc de Toledo . Two soldiers are reported to have been assassinated last night in the Cane ce la Luna , and a high degree of exasperation exists both among the populace and the troops . At ummbcrri , a little out of the city , there was a row last night , in which several soldiers and civilians were wounded . Revolution is certain at no distant day . Till correspondent of the lima says :-0 ne conviction presses on us from the occurrences ot last nigijt , without reference even to former ones , and t . iat is , that the foundation on which Narvacz raised h \> power seems to be gliding away from him . . tae stan on which he has leaned is gradually breaking under him . The army is beginning to waver , noiivitJistanu . ing all his precautions of dismissing officers ot liberal nnininns . and nnnnintintr in their nlaCCS OMIOI'S 01

      Opposite tendencies , and of tho eonvenio of Bergara . If such things take place when nearly all the available resources of the country are employed to Keep them in their allegiance , what would occur should any financial difficulty force him to leave the army in arrear for a few months ? ..,., Another fact is equally certain—peace , tranquillity , and contentment are far from being as , yet established in Spain .

      Spain. Attempt At Revolution . Thank God...

      Later Nbws . —Madrid , SEriEjnnm 10 th . —The excitement in the metropolis continues at its height , anil all the accounts concur in expressing their apprehensions of a further explosion . It now appears that the patriots were led into a trap by their supposed friends amongst the military . Two of the ministers , it is said , ensconced in a place of safety , were quietly watching the march of the patriots to the destruction intended for them . It is beyond a doubt that it was tho intention of the military to surround the unfortunate men so as to leave no chance

      0 i escape , for the purpose of slaughtering every one of them . The accidental opening oV the gate of Alealfl i-o allow the diligence to enter , prevented them from foi . ' owmg- up that horrible intention . At the time the accounts of the 10 ih left Madrid the court-martial on the prisoners , who arc to the number of thirty-four , was Still sitricg . The correspondent of the Chronicle writes— "If the execution of anv one of these prisoners takes piano , it appears beyond a doubt that the effect of it will ho to produce a great degree of excitement in Madrid . ' Poignards will bo called into use and assassinations are alreadv threatened . "

      GERMAN ? . " Vye . havc alread y stated that tho public meetings of the" Protestant Friends" had been prohibited by the police , in consequence of orders from higher authority . Wc learn from the DiisscU' mf Gazette , tbat in ninny places , for instance Konigsbcrg and Berlin , notic ' has been given by the consistories of all the evangelical clergy of the country , and that on the authority , of a supreme cabinet order of the 5 th of August , issued on tho lOlh by the department of the Interior , the meetings of the " Protestant Friends " are absolutely prohibited , where , from tho number of members , the difference of rank , or by the place of their assemblies , they have tho character of popular assemblies . Tho formation of closed societies , under whatever name they may appear , h ateo I ' oYuvducn . It is stated in some of the German papers that M . Rouge , who arrived at Brcslau on the 8 th , on his way to Briez , where he was to preach , was arrested by the authorities , but after a short detention ho was released , and allowed to continue his journey .

      VICTORIA'S VISIT—THE "ROYALS" AT LOGGER HEADS—ROW BETWIXT VIC AND THE GElt-MAN ROUKGEOISE—THE COXDE 1 IMATION Ol TIIE PARIS CARPENTERS .

      ( From our own Correspondent . ) Your little Queen lias made a pretty mess of her visit to the Prussians . She treated the king with such contempt , that he was glad to get rid of her , and showed that very plainly after her departure . The middle classes too are highly incensed at the contemptuous way she treated the daughters of the " laute bourgcoise" of Cologne , The daughter of the Mayor of Cologne hud to ' present "her Majesty" with it cup of tea , and Vic took- not the cup , because touched by the hand of one not " noble . " (!) She only took the spoon , and with it sipped the tea ; at the same lime urniing her head aside , and treating the girl with the most marked contempt , The poor girl stood iremMintf airfully , not knowing whether to stand or to go away . Served her right ; these purse-proud hour .

      aeoise , with all their cunning , are with their worship of kings and queens hut spoons after all , and as such deserve to be treated . Your Queen carried her contempt so far as to rouse what little spirit they possess to show some resistance . She had subscribed 8 , 500 dollars , ( JCDO 0 , ) to the building fund ot * the Cologne Cathedral , and the insulted Bourgeois of Cologne got up a meeting to discuss the propriety of returning her the money ! The meeting was dispersed by the police and military . 1 hear , however , that they £ ti ! l contemplate subscribing the money amongst themselves , and sending it to England or Iivland , to relieve- your starring poor . I hope they will do so . John Bull has been made to bleed pretty freely

      for bloodsucking Get man pnncas , and it is only fair that the German bourgeoise should return a little of what poor John has been shamefully drained . The marked contempt with which your Queen treated our precious KiiiS and his court , arose , I hear , from the fact of the limping Queen of Prussia refusing tho arm of l ' lince Albert , and preferring that of Archduke Frederick ol Austria , as being of higher birth . . It is very comical to see these princes at loggerheads amongst themselves , and the bourgeoise at loggerheads with tho princes ; all the time not seeing the movement arising in the lowest depths around them—not seeing their danger until too late .

      You never gave in the'Sto the judgment of ths 1 ' avis Tribunal against the carpenters on strike , accused of combination ^—Vincent , the cbio £ .. was sentenced to three years , tivo oflieis to a year , some mora to sis months , i believe ( imprisonment ) . However , they are keeping but at least those whose masters won't give way . Two-thirds of the masters have acceded to the workmen ' s demands , and in consequence of the above sentence , the sawyers ( scieurs-u-long ) and oilier trades connected with buiiding , have turned out too . This affair does a tvemendous deal of good .

      &Lt;&F;Nrt&I %Nttlliumzz

      <& f ; nrt & i % nttlliumzz

      Londoh. Institution Of A Veteran Patriot...

      LONDOH . INSTITUTION OF A VETERAN PATRIOTS' FUND AND AN EXILES' WIDOWS AND CHILDREN'S

      FUND . A . rcBUC M & T . TINO , pursuant to public notice , was held for the above purpose at the Hall , 1 , Turniigninlanc , Fan-ingdon-strcet , on Monday evening , Septctnhcr loth . Mr . T . Cooper was unanimously called to the chair and said , tho object of this meeting was to establish two fends—the first was for the support ol aged patriots ; the second for the support of tho lawinaue widows and orphans of those who were exiled in freedom ' s cause . Amongst our aged patriots was John Richards , now seventy-three years of age , and who was well known as a good democrat , and as a martyr to democratic principles , he having suffered twelve months' imprisonment in Stafford gaol Thomas Preston , who had reached the patriarchal

      age of seventy-six years , and who was well known as an active Radical even as fir back as the days ot Arthur Thistlewood , and who was frequently mentioned in the writings of the Iato _ William Cobbett ; was another of those veteran patriots . Joseph Rayncr Smart , of Leicester , who was in his seventyfourth year , and was obliged to lean for support on a son . who had a largo family and was much embarrassed in circumstances , was another . Lastly , he would name his aged brother poet , Allan Devonport , who was well known and highly esteemed in this metropolis . The person who would have first claim on the second fund was Mrs . Ellis ( he understood Mrs . Frost and Mrs . Williams had both left the country with a view of joining their husbands ) , From letters lie had received from Mrs . Ellis

      he had every reason to believe that she was in very great distress . The chairman then road the letters , of which the following is the substance : — from Mr . John Richards — in his first he states , " That he had no means of subsistence but the hastile , or being compelled to fail back for support on his son , who has a sickly wife and large family to maintain , and therefore was unable to support him . From Mrs . Ellis—dated from Burslem , in which she states her only means of subsistenco to be 3 s . per wcek ^ tho earnings of her eldest child , and that she is in daily dread of the " Poor Law Union . " That she has already applied for out-door relief , and been refused . One cf her letters enclosed one from her husband , the unfortunate exile , dated Christmas-day kst . in wluelv he

      states that ho has been compelled to herd with the " vilest outcasts of society , and blood-stained men , the most degraded of human kind ; " that he has had an interview with the patriot John Frost , that Frost has now removed to Ilobart Town , and settled , and that he believes Mr . Frost is now " comfortable ( if any one can be comfortable in a felon land ) . " " lie ( Ellis ) had applied for his ticket of leave , but had not yet obtained it , nor did he see any chance of it at present , although niaay men of the most abandoned character had obtained theirs , who had been a shorter period in the settlement . Should he ever be so fortunate as to obtain it , lie would wisli his wife and family to come to him , as he should then endeavour to establish himself as a potter . "

      The chairman having read the above letters , called on Mr . Julian Harney to move the first resolution . Mr . Haknky said : Some years ago an attempt of a similar kind to the present was made , and met with partial success ; but in consequence of not being sufficiently attended to , it had subsequently failed . He had , through the columns of the London Mrcun / , is the year 1837 . advocated the formation of a fund for the support of their aged friends , particularly Thomas Preston and Gale Jonea , the latter of whom was now dead . His appeal met with some success at the time . A Mr . Henry Sculthorpe had also made similar appeals , but tlure had been nothing like

      systematic and persevering action . They all knew who Preston was . He was the associate of Arthur Thistlewood and other patriots , who died as bravely as they had lived , leaving behind them the gallant ' Preston , who by his every action had shown himself worthy of his compatriots . He hoped the principles for which those patriots perished would ultimately triumph . ( Cheers . ) The people would exhibit gross ingratitude it they did not support the brave -veteran patriots , ( Hear , hear . ) It was the duty of all to subscribe according to their means . Those who said we can't do it , never did anything ; but those who said we will try , had always worked wonders . Let them , then , try—earnestly try—and success would

      ]>51 Certain, Lie Had Much Pleasure In M...

      ]> 51 certain , lie had much pleasure in moving the ioilowmg resolution : — - That this meeting views with the deepest concern the lamentable efioets of Use system of persecution and prosecution which the factions in power have successfully pursued against ti . e advocates of the Charter and IJib rights of man ; some having been hurried thoreliv to a premature grave , while others still drag on a miserable existence , subject to all the horrors of . want , aggravated by age , sickness , or infirmity . That this meeting deems it an imperative duty to aid in the alleviation of the miseries and administer to the comforts of SUC'l of ( he said advocates especially ns may be now in their rteclinimr years ; and that , for fulfilling this duty , this meeiiii ; .- p urposes and determines that a fund shall he formed , to be called the " Veteran Patriots' Fund , " from which all known and deserving . idvocates of democracy , wliolisrc attained the ape of " threescore years , nnd may , from distress or iniinniiy , require pecuniary aid , shall be eligible to receive help .

      Mr . II . W . IIuoues seconded the motion , and said he had no doubt if . active individuals would onlv take books and canvass the factories and workshops ' , a largo sum might be collected . Air . Samuel Wfulditigton also supported the motion . The resolution was then put and unanimously adopted . Mr . Cn . \ ni . ES Boj . wull said , ho hoped the stood example set by that meeting would ahnme the indolent into activity , and , although late , vet cause his brother democrats throughout the country todo their duly . ( Cheers . ) lie moved the second resolution : —• That this meeting painfully and sorrowfully

      sympathises with the sincere and devoted men who have been exiled to a far distant felon land by the tyrannous ruler . - of the country , and feels it to he a sacred and inviolable duty to aid in ameliorating tho suffering- and bereaved condition of the tyrant-made widows and children of the said wronged and injured exiles ; and that , for fulfilling this duty , this mectinjj proposes and determines that a fund shall he formed to ho called "Die Exiles Widows ' and Children ' s Pund , " from which such of the wives and children of the B : \ iii exited patriots , as may he residing in this country , ami arc in friendless or suffering ciraiunslanees , shall have undeniable claim for relief .

      Mr . I . M . Whkklku said , there was a Spanish proverb , "That a thin . ' , ' well begun was more than half done ; " he hoped the proverb might bo verified in this case . He very cordially acquiesced in the resolution , and believed the persons mentioned by a previous speaker were well deserving of support , and thought the people were bound by every tie of aratitudo and humanity to support them , the resolution was unanimously adopted . Mr . Ski-: j , to . v said , he thought the increasing intclligenceoftliepeoplcwoukUoonstrikeoutaniorcsnle iiiitl secure mode of obtaining ( heir rights than had hitherto been employed , nnd that ' in future days there would be no necessity to call mcclinas of this description ; but at present lie thought tho resolution necessary , and believed it only required enthusiasm among tiiose assembled to carry out to the fullest ex . tent the great object in view , lie would move the following resolution : —

      That , for supporting the said funds public weclinjrs shall be held and eollecSions made in the metropolis , quarterly—that is to say , in the months of September , December , March , and June , in each year—the receipts of each quarterly meeting to hi ; equally divided be . twec-n Hie two funds ; that , at each of the ' said quarterly public meetings , seven persons shall he chosen , by a show of hands , as a committee , of tho "Veteran Patriots' Fund , " and a like muvdier , in tho same mode , as a committee of the "Exiles' Yv'idows and Children ' s i ' und : " the said committees to he empowered to administer the monies for the relief of the suffering persons described in their trust , aftorproper inquiry , and to engage to make a distinct and complete statement of their receipts anil paymeutsat the nest succeeding quarterly public meeting . A ' o person shall hold flic treasurersliips of i !; e two funds at the same time ; and not more than a minoritv f . ha ! l be members of both committees attlicsamo time . Each quarterly public meeting , before breaking up , shall appoint where and when the next quarterly public meeting shall be held .

      Mr . Yv * . Salmon ' , jun ., seconded the motion , which was carried unanimously . Mr . YVm . Uyjj & u , said lie considered tho support of their aged friends to be a duty incumbent on ail to perform . He . was desirous that committees should not only be established in the metropolis , but in every town throughout _ the united kingdom where democracy had raised its head , lie did hope this appeal would be responded to by the democrats of England , Irchtnd , r . v . n Scotland—he had the pleasure of moving the following resolution : — That , for the further support of the said two funds , the secretaries of each shall diligently solicit annual , half .

      yearly , quarterly , monthly , or weekly subscriptions : rom pi-irate persona . Tha friends of democracy , in nil p . irt : of Ihe country , s , lm " il also be urged to form their own committces , if they judge lit , or , in any other way they deem most proper amlconvenie . it to assist the metropolitan committees of the said two funds in carrying out cifVctually their important objects . Mr . Overto . - seconded tho resolution . The Chairman said he had nodoubt hut that many of the middle ami upper classes would subscribe t ' u the two funds , if solicited so to do . The resolution was put and carried unanimously . ' The following persons were then elected officers for the ensuing quarter " . —

      VKTKIU . V IMTWOTS JT . \ T ) . Treasurer . —Mr . John Shaw , 2-1 , Gloucester-street , Commercial-road East . Secretary . —Mr . Thomas Cooper , 1 S-1-, Blaekfriarsroad . Committee . —Messrs . , T , Siinms , MTiigon ( Probcrt , II . W . Hughes , and C . Uohvcll . KXtLUS' WIDOWS AND CllIM ) UI «' s FUND . Treasurer . —Mr . John Shcltou , Cecil-court , Saint Miirtin ' s-iane . Secretarn . —Mr . Thomas Cooper . CtonwiHttce . —Messrs . Vv . Warren , Knight , Reynolds , Dear , and Garrett . It was then unanimously resolved that the next public meeting should bo hokieii on Sunday afternoon , December 7 th , in the City Chartist ilall , 1 , Turnajrain-lane .

      The sum of £ 1 Is . Id . was collected in the meeting , which , added to tlic £ l Is . JOd . previously received , makes £ 2 2 s . lid . The Chairman announced his determination to subscribe one guinea annually to each fund . A vote of thanks was then given to the Chairman and the meeting separated .

      Messrs. M'Gratii, Doyle, And Clark's Tou...

      MESSRS . M'GRATII , DOYLE , AND CLARK'S TOUR . Mottium . —According to previous announcement by placard , a public meeting of tho inhabitants ol this place v , * as held in the krgc room of the Charter Association , on Monday evening last , to hear addresses from Messrs . M'Grath , Doyle , and Chirk , on the prospects of the people ' s cause . Mr . Grassland , a thorough going Chartist of the right stamp , was chosen to preside , who , alter a brief address , introduced Mr . Clnrli first , and afterwards tiic other two gentlemen * . all three of whom , in speaking of tho progress of democracy , gave it as their opinion that time and thought werjkdoing the work of agitation , as they everywhere met with proofs of the growing intelligence ol the ago . The Land plan was propounded , and satisfactorily explained by thorn . The meeting was a favourable one ; and the fact need only to be known , that working men only were present , to convince all that the sentiments of the speaker . - were cordially reciprocated by those who heard them .

      STALGYMttnCG . On Tuesday evening last , a public meeting was held in the Foresters' Hall , to consider the all-important question ef tho Laud , Three members of the Executive Committee of tho Kational Charter Association—Messrs . Doyle , Clark , and M'Grath—were present , and entered at length into the general condition of the working classes , exposing in forcible language 1 he shameless manner in which they arc robbed and deluded ; declaring it as their solemn conviction , that until the people could become the

      independent proprietors of their native soil , the degradation which had so long been the inseparable concomitant of toil would not cease to exist . This could not be done until the people were in earnest , and set about the accomplishment of social and political emancipation in such a manner as to vender it dangerous to the tyrants to withhold that which the people could at any time take in spite of'thcin . The Chartist Co-operative Land plan was ably promulgated , and a great number of the rules were disposed of .

      MACCLESFIELD . Messrs . Clark " , M'Grath , and Doyle visited this town on Wednesday evening Inst , and addressed an interesting and admiring audience in the Foresters ' Chapel—a spacious building capable of holding nine hundred persons . Mr . John West , the talented opponent of the "Lord love you" men , presided , and opened the business of the meeting with al' -Sn'y instructive and p hilosophic address . Mr . Clark was the nest speaker , who explained the great capability of English soil , showing at the same time the superabundant means at the disposal of the community lor developing those resources . . Mr . Clark was we 1 backed up , and powerfully aided , by his two colleagues , Messrs . M ' Grath and Doyle , who followed in their usual eloquent strain , and were listened to attentively upwards of two hours . At the conclusion discussion was invited ; but none appearing to have any difference of opinion , tho meeting soon afterwards dispersed .

      ITAXtKV tl'OTTRi . " -- ) - , fc oi ; , Cn Tlutrsdav evening wc-lsad an cs ^ P' . ? $ IV £ in the Christian Drcthi-cn ' s large room , to " ^ - of the Jjoard of Directors propound thew Lai-a scheme . At the time aimoinlcd tlicthrcegeiuieir . cn , Messrs . M'Gratli , Dovle , and Clark , made their appearance , and business commcnccri by appointing i- r . Moss to preside , which ho did most eihciently . iur . Clark was first introduced , and dwelt at considerable length on the efficiency of the Land plan as a means ,

      showing what might ho done kv a man , unslmtrficd by a tyrant master , nnd in the possession of two aerca of good land and a comfortable cottage of his owa . Mr . M'Grath was the next speaker , wito bore testimony to the truth of Mr . Clark ' s statements , provin , T , from his own experience , that numbers of individuals in diu ' erent purls of the country were then liv-i ' . ng well upon the produce of half the quantity of land which the society proposed to give to each of its members . Mr . Doyle next , spoke , and in a satisfactory manner demonstrated the power of union , and the beauty of co-operation . Several persons joined the Land Sorietv .

      LOxr . ** - n >* . - A larpo nnrl enthusiastic mcetinE was held licre , in the Worklwr Man ' s Hal ! , on " Friday evening , when Mc-srs . T . Clark , P . M'Grath , and C . Doyle , of the Executive , atfended . and delivered highly cntcrfaining and instructive addresses , on " The Charternnd the Land . "" The speakers each alluded to tho I'flpid !> ro « l * oSS which tho Land Society had made since its formation . Tito annoimcement of its ' financial and numerical strength was received with loud and hearty applause . The thanks of the meeting were unanimously awarded the three ¦¦ ct-tleincn for their services in the cause , as well as also to tliO chairman , after which the meeting separated .-:, ! . \ . Nc : nv : 3 ir . r ..

      The three member ? of tho Executive Committee now in this nart of the country—Messrs . Doyle , Clark , and M'Grath—attended Carpenter . - )' 'Hall on Sunday evening hist , ou which occasion a largo number of the " good men and true" were present , to show tho ndvoeates of their cause tfi & t Vstvy were determined to stand by the good ship the " Charter , " so long us si plank is left . Tho speeches of all three were good , nnd produced a benencial cli ' cct . Mr . Hfinlcin moved the thanks of the meeting to tho three < rnntleincn for their .-. U ^ nd-i-iee . and lor . tlieir general conduct as directors of the Chartist movement . Mr . Dixon seconded tho motion , when it wag carried by acclamation . Mr . Doyle replied ; after which the meeting separated .

      STJDPUltY ( S * . ti * oi . k ) . Tire L . vxn . —A branch of the Chart ist Co-opcj'ntivo Land Society has beenfurmed hero , and twenty shares have bee . ' , taken up at only two nights' meet in » s . Tim society will meet at Mr ! . T . Goody ' s , Cross-street , every Monday night , at eight o ' cioek , to enroishareholdevs , and pay up the ir . sla ' inents .

      OLDHAM . L > : ctbri 5 . —On Sunday last , Mr . T . A . Taylor delivered a very instructive lecture- in the Working Jvlan ' s Hall , lie was listened to with great-attention , and gave general satisfaction . PRESTON . Till ! Laxd . —A . general meeting of the members of tho I ' roetim branch of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society was held on Monday evening last , at Mr . Ilowarth ' s Temperance . Hotel , Ltme-strcet , to take into consideration the rules of the above society and the question of their amendments ; Mr . Richard Nutter in tho chair . After Mv . O'Connor ' s letter

      had been read from the Star ihc following resolutions p / ere agreed to unanimously - — "That this meeting , after hearing the proposition made by Feurirus O'Connor , Esq ., fully . ••¦¦ rc o wish that gentleman as to the necessity vl' ho ! : iiu £ a . General C ' onferanco to ravis-i the rules of the Chartist Co-opcrallvo Land SosSet y , and eo .-ifid'T Ih'if ; it Vi'ii ! tClllI tO promote I ho harmony and stability of tho society . ""That this meeting adjourn to nionday evening , September 22 nd . " Several shares were taken . —[ Accidentally omitted last week . —En . A * . S . ] liAiVOUESTER .

      " Whxia-i jIikok ' s i'uisu . —The committee appointed for receiving subscriptions for the nhovc , hey leave to acknowledge the receipt of the Ibllowiuu- sums : —lloiton , 10 s . Hd . ; lUchdale , I 2 s . Old ., per lir . T . Clark . Tho OO ' . muilteo sincerely hoy > o Uiat the friends of Duiuocracy , ami dv ' oci'viiijj merit in Labour ' s cause , will respond to iheir call , and send their mite to aid in placing Mv . Dixon above the reach of want . The committee sincerely hops that this , their recommendation , will be taken up simultaneously and with spirit . If delay takes place , in will not aus ' . vcr tho desired purpose . Time will bo wasted , and the incoming funds rendured useless , through their iiindcfiiincy to gain the object in view . —Fur tho committee , Tuosi . ' . S V . ' iiiwakws , Iri-iisurtr , 08 , ' Devonshire-street , C'horitoii-on-MctUock , JIanchcstcr .

      (Kto'essam&Rate

      ( Kto'essam & rate

      A Hard Cask. To The £I>1tc11 Of Tub Soev...

      A HARD CASK . TO THE £ I > 1 TC 11 Of TUB SOEVuEUJI STAE . Sin , —Understanding you to be the advocate of the woi king cksses , I am induced to lay before you a circumstance that took place here yesterday week . A poor young , woman , of the naae of Hughes , v .: is jmr-siug through a . Held belonging to Richard Spooiiei 1 , ' £ Uq ., when she pulled t ' ij- Mv carrots , rtidi carrots were iulenficu as food for tho Squire ' s horses . A ' cw , the Squire , I presume , being aware that his tenants did not fare sumptuously every day , had arrived at the conclusion that it was not sofc to trust such ; i luxury its hoise-eairots in an open field without a ptoteetor . Accordingly he had placed his bailiff , a being ( I had almost said a man ) , the counterpart of his master , to watch these carrots . At all events tho bailii ' f was there . He pounced upon the poor trembling ijirl ; anil , in spite of her tears ami entreaties , dragged her to the Station-house , where sha was locked up all that night , and tho nest day was taken before John

      \\ illiams , lisq ., and lined JOs . and expanses , which amounted to lis . 3 d ., or to be imprisoned for fouitecn days . To the poor girl there was no alternative . Sho was compelled to go to prison , ll'lieii I compare die amount of suft ' ering , both menially and bodily , which , this poor girl is suffering , with iho fault ( I will not say crime ) which she committed , I can hardly express the disgust I feel towards the heartless beiu-s that could so punish her . She is a young girl in a very delicate state of health , getting her Jivitij ; by making glovis ; and that work , like most of the work done by women , is very badly paid ; so that a woman in strong health can hardly get a living-, much more one in the delicate state this poor girl is in . She was not only destitute of the comforts of life , but , at the time she pulled the carrots , she wanted the actual necessaries of life . At the lime she took tho carrots sl-. o had nut : i j . articlc of food to eat j and beiny till Orphan , sltQ had UO ft lends to give her any assistance . Hut what mattered th .-. t ? She had broken the laws of man—not tho laws of God . No : for nature had com .

      inandcd her to eat : and in obedience to that command , she " robbed" a Squire—II . 1 ' ., of four horse-carrots ! for which monstrous crime she 15 1101 V Shut lip ill a gaol . Hitherto she hits borne the best of characters ; but now the " plague spot" is on her ! She has been in prison ; and everybody knows what effect that has on the character of a young female . Had she robbed a poor man , in all probafciiivy / ic would have been touched by her Si ' . ualiou , and melted by Wr tears , Tho poor man would , have said , " Poor child ; I know what it is to be hungry myself : and I cannot hurt thee . " Tho " simple man " would have thought of his mighty prayer : " Forgive mo as I hope to bo forgiven : '' and hu might have imagined that law and justice were the same thing ; and in the ignorance of his heart lie might hare thought it was not

      justice to punish this poor girl tor being hungry , and for seeking to satisfy her hunger . I am but a woman , yet nicthinks in a case like this , I could lay aside the distaff ami wield the pen , did I possess the ability as I have tho Will . Say not that woman has no ri ^ ht to interfere . Whatever ail ' ects the liberty or tho happiness of man must involve woman's also . Witness the case of this poor girl . Would that her ' s was a solitary one : but unhappily there are thousands placed in a similar position as regards ability to earn a . living- Did I give way to my feelings on that subject I should illlniui ) too lliudl OU your space . 1 therefore beg leave to subscribe myself , Most respectfully , Helen * 1 ' ekkiss . South-street , Worcester , September I * . ' , 1845 .

      10 All Chartists, And Friends Of Tke Dis...

      10 ALL CHARTISTS , AND FRIENDS OF TKE DISTUKSSEU IX THE CAUSE OF DEMOCRACY . Fi : ii :. nds , —In spite of the pernicious insinuations set forth in his own print , by a vindictive and envious man , who , while he is a complete weathercock in political and social schemes himself " , affects to be a faultless censor of of other men ' s conduct , —a London public meeting has evinced its conlidence in the proposers for establishing funds to relieve our suffering " Veteran Patriots" and the " Widows" and children of our beloved "Exiles . " The sum of £ 1 Is . Id . -was collected at the close of the meeting , held at 1 , Turnagflin-lanu , last Monday eveninj ;; and every individual attending that meeting joined in the pledge for unremitting exertion to procure support towards the two funds . That the two committees

      appointed at that meeting are in earnest m their purpose , and resolved to carry out the objects for which they have been chosen , and will faithfully and disinterestedly discharge their trusts , their honest names will be the most unequivocal guarantee . For myself , I shall only hurl back the vile and pitiful suspicion of this restless lover of mischief , by stating that , as I have , in his own expressed opinion , " acted with dignity" on a former occasion , in refusing monies subscribed lor nic , —SO I Should UOW CStCCm it a public disgrace to accept my otttee as " a job . " I never was " a paid secretary , " nor ever will be in a causa purely philanthropic . I am become a subscriber of a pound , annually , to each of these funds . Lct / iim prove his goodwill to the sufferers , by remitting to them a like sum .

      I necil only add that Mv . Shaw is appointed Titasvn-er to the " Veteran Patriots' Fund , " and Mr . Skelton Treasurer to the "Exiles' Widows and Children ' s Fund ;"—and I think either of them may challenge a vote of conlidence for honesty and consistency , with James O'Brien , alias Bronteire . I am , my friends , Yours devotedly in the cause of Freedom , and as Secrstary in these two Funds , Thomas Coopeb , 131 , BlacHriws * Road , Union ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 20, 1845, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20091845/page/1/