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Northern Star (1837-1852), 20th April 1850, Edition 2 of 3, Page 2

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    • MEDALS.OF JAMES MORISON,
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      3 v / XHJ & NORTHERN STAB . April 20 , lS 5 < x : LU ¦¦¦ - " —**** " ^ — " ** ^** - —~ T * | - > " ^**' " ^ Tr ^ = ' ¦ ' ¦ I I I U «_ . » v . mm . "——Part the Fifth

      Dfomgn Imemgettce

      dFomgn imemgettce

      France. Conspiracy Against Unntkosail * ...

      FRANCE . CONSPIRACY AGAINST UNnTKOSAIL * WWHaKJK . Two propositions have been presented to the National Assembly for modifications in the-electoral law M . de l'Espinasse demands that no -one shall he an elector unless he has resided for two years in the commune in which he wishes to -exercise that right ; that no one shall ha declared representative , unless he has obtained the absolute . majority of the -votes given . He proposes , also , to -inflict penalties on such electors who , without some legitimate excuse , shall refrain from voting . According-to his system , the military electors would vote for the department in which they are born ,-and their votes he sent sealed up to the chef-lieue of the departments , and thrown into the urn and mixed with the other

      bulletins . M . Bourhousson proposes that vacancies in the Assembly shall not he filled up until the number of members shall have been reduced to 700 , except in cases where the representatian of a department may have keen reduced to one-half of its members . The Prefect of Police causes the existing laws as to ' vagabonds , ' persons without domicile , and foreieners , to be executed with great rigour . The ' Gazette de France' of Wednesday says :-• The police last night visited several oft the low lodging , houscsof Paris , and arrested a number-of indiwdoals against whom information had been lodeed with the authorities . '

      The Conspibators in Conclave .-Au important meeting was held on Wednesday evening at the Palace of the Council of S : ate . About 230 representatives of the majority were present . Amongst the principal members who addressed the meeting -were MM . Thiers , Berryer , and Piscatory . M . Thiers spoke in the name of a considerable portion of the majority , and declared that he and his political friends were firmly resolved to concur in the adoption of all measures necessary for the salvation of the countrv . He was , however , anxious to ascertain , in a distinct and definitive manner , the intentions of the Right , and requested to he informed , categorically , whether the Legitimist representatives meant to support energetic measures intended for the public security .

      .... M . Berryer , in the name of the party to which he belonged , dec lared that the members of the Right were unwilling to pledge themselves to the future , and would not lend their co-operation to the foundation of any establishment contrary to the interests of the partv " they represented . M . Piscatory censured very severely the amendment presented by a dozen members of the Right , the object of which is to deprive the project of law on transportation of its immediate and more necessary efficiency . The meeung soon after broke up . M . Thiers departing very sad J ! !

      As the President nf the Republic was proceeding to "Versailles on Friday , to review the troops , one of the horses of his carriage fell in the Champs E ' yseee . A number of idle fellows hard by began to sing to the air of * Des Lampions , ' ( alluding to the' Repnb . lipUB Sociale el Democratique , ' ) 'Nous 1 ' aurons nous l ' aurons ! ' The horse being raised the Prince -continued bis journey . —Times . - The « Franc-Parleurdela Meuse' stales that three jon-commissioned officers of the 29 th Regiment of the Line having been disarmed and sent off to Africa , thirtv of their comrades scaled the barrack walls and followed them , crying , ' Vive la Republique Democratique et Sociale . ' A letter from Auch , in the department of i be Gers , states that thirty communal schoolmasters have been dismissed from their situations since the law passed

      on the 11 th of January . Accounts from Bordeaux of the 8 th instant state that ihe Prefect of-the Gironde has suspended from the exercise of their functions , far two months , a captain and a lieutenant of the National Guards of Ihe commune of Pecjard . Satobdat . — The government has prohibited electoral meetings at tbe Salon de Mars , Montmartre , Salon du Pont , and Chattllon . These meetings have been forbidden in virtue of the law of the 19 th of Jane , 1849 , relative to elnbs and other public reunions . The motive assigned for the interdiction is , that * seditions speeches' have been delivered of a nature to excite the citizens to hatred of each other , and the rioting which look place at Chatillon in the beginning of the month of March last . In addition to the above three more electoral

      -clubs have been closed by order of the Minister of the Interior—that of La Chapelle , including the Communes of AubcrvilHcrs and La Caur Neuve , and those of Boulogne and Montrouge , in consequence of ' seditious speeches' having been delivered there . M . Buvignier , the ex-member of ihe Constituent Assembly , who was returned en the election of the 30 th nit . to the Legislative Assembly for the Saoneet-Loire , but who bad his election invalidated , and the other defendants in the affair of the Sohdarite

      Republicaine , were yesterday found guilty by the jary . MM . Buvignier and Ilizzy , the only two defendants who tppeared in person , were sentencedthe former to one year ' s imprisonment and five years' interdiction of civil rights ; the latter to six months' imprisonment and interdiction of civil rights . The other defendants were condemned by default to two years' imprisonment . In consequence of this verdict M . Buvignier cannot take his seat in ihe National Assembly , if he should be returned for ihe Saone-et-Loire at the election of the 28 th inst .

      Military Demonstration . —The government has received accounts from Angers , which show that a revolutionary spirit exists in the arsiy to a greater extent than has hitherto been imagined . A . battalion of infantry , in passing through that city , was entertained at a fete by the Democrats . In the evening the soldiers , accompanied by ihe subaltern officers , paraded the streets of Angers , in company with the leading Democrats , and shouted * Tive la Republique Democratique et Sociale ! ' The Minister of TVar has already sent off instructions for the immediate disbanding of the regiment , and the soldiers and subalterns are to be drafted into the regiments in Algiers .

      Further Particulars . —The news of the disorder which took place two days ago in a _ regiment of infantry at Angers is confirmed to-day . The regiment in question is the 2 nd battalion of the 11 th Light Infantry . In was proceeding from Rennes to Toulon , on its way to Algiers . Before leaving Rennes the regiment was known for its democratic opinion , and when marching out of that town , it was accompanied by a large body of the democratic party , who set up cries of ' "Vive la Republique Democratique et Sociale . ' The 11 th Light infantry was formerly in Paris under the command of General Demesne , who was killed during the great insurrection of June , 1848 . At that time General de Lamoriciere was so dissatisfied with the conduct of the regiment at the attack of the barricades of the Portes St . Denis and St . Martin , that he had it sent out of the capital .

      Incendiarism . —Scarcely a day has passed for the last fortnig ht or three weeks without bringing accounts from the departments of houses and corn stores being destroyed by fire . These are eo frequent that it is impossible to attribute them to anything else than the acts of incendiaries . Yesterday we had account of three such cases , in one of which not less than forty-five houses in a provincial town became the prey of the flames . This day we have an account of three more—one of them at Rouvres , near Dijoo , where , from the fact of a quantity of lucifer matches having been found in clearing out the ruins , it is evident that it was not through accident . Another occurred in the arrondissement of

      Rennes , where seventeen houses were burnt to the ground 5 and a third at Noisy-le-See , where a vast quantity of straw , hay , wheat , and barley was utterly consumed . These fires are remarked to be the most frequent in the neighbourhood of Paris , and to occur particularly in houses where corn and hay are stored . It is believed that measures of an extremely coercive kind will he found necessary to put a stop to the evil . —Times . The Prefect of tho Sarthe has dissolved the National Guard of St . Calais .

      Sunday . —The closing of the electoral meetings was yesterday brought before the Assembly by M . Baune in the shape of interpellations ; and M . Baroche , the present Minister of the Interior , showed judgment in declaring that he was ready at once to ansvrer any questions which might be put , and to defend a measure for which he was willing to be responsible . Mi Banne , in hw short and very moderate speech ,

      stated that the Paris electors , in the lawful exercise of their ri ch's , bad , within the last few days , held meetings preparatory to the ' election . In these meetings the respect due to the law had not been nolated is any one instance , and still the ministry had thought proper to prohibit the exercise of the sacred right 0 f meeting . He declared that such an get was an attack on universal suffrage , and a defiance to the electors of Paris , who , by returning MM . Carno ^ Tidal , and pe Hott ^ on fhe 10 th of March ,

      France. Conspiracy Against Unntkosail * ...

      had'attended to give a lesson to the government He < eoacluded by asking the reasons which bad indttssd the Minister of the Interior to interdict electoral sraeetings in five different districts ? ? H . Baroche , after a short exordium , in which he stated that the attacks recently ; tnade upon him as ¦ n-old cluubist were for the p urpose of throwing edium oa the government , approached the question before the Assembly . " He founded his right to sup-< press electoral meetings on the law of the ww m Jane , which gave power to the government to in-• terdict clubs and other public meetings which . might he of a nature to compromise the pnMi « "ffj ^ * £ contended that the election meeb » which had nj cently taken place ™** £$ ? J 1 Z $£ scandalous scenes had been enaciea , <* u x of the - ? &

      ducedreports f »^ JlffESt sans ^ k = Fromthe . reports £ w- £ $££ ? £ even mgg , not ™& . £ f ° * adapted ? and that pali S ^ ltSoSsed which bad nothing to do wK * choice of candidates . By thesyaten . followed atthese meetings , the election was doubled fo there was first the election of delegates and hose delegates had the selection of candidates . This he considered contrary to the constitution , which laid down that the election ought to be direct . He admitted that something of the kind was also done by the electoral union , but it was in a different way . At the meeting at Montmartre the President and another member appeared in red neckcloths and scarfs , and one of the speakers declared that there was no God but the sun . At the meeting ef the

      eighth arrondissement a celebrated sculptor had come forward as a candidate for being delegate , but the honour was refused to him because be was a proprietor ; in the eleventh arrondissement a candidate boasted of his having hunted gendarmes in 1830 , municipal guards in 1848 , and that he was the first to put up the red flag at the Hotel de Ville . In another meeting the Abbe Cha ' . el said , « Material prosperity and good fare is the real knot of the question . Let us in the first instance give full and entire satisfaction to the organs of . the body . ' At another meeting one of the speakers spoke of the prisoners at Doulens ( Barbes , & c . ) as martyrs . At the

      same meeting a speaker complained that some people had 30 , 000 f . a year , while others had nothing and said that as before 1780 nobles had serfs and slaves , so at the present day the rich had serfs and slaves of a refined character . These were the only grounds adduced by M . Baroche for depriving the people of Paris of the right of holding election meetings , but in his opinion they were so strong as to be a complete justification . M . Jules Favre replied to the speech of M . Baroche in a speech so clever , and so full of matter , that it would have made a deep impression on any body of legislators not determined to support the minister , whether the reasons given for his measures

      were good or bad . With respect to the right of the ministry to close the electoral meetings , he merely asked the question , ' If you have a right to apply the law of the 19 th June , 1849 , respecting clubs , to election meetings , why have you brought forward a bill which will confer on you the right which you are now using ? ' As regarded the facts alleged , he doubted if commissaries of police were the best or most impartial reporters of speeches ; and , as a proof of that fact , be stated that the sculptor who , it was said , had been rejected because he was a proprietor , was in fact rejected because he bad accepted from the government an atelier and other favours , when he was sufficiently rich to have one of his own . He

      was astonished that M . Baroche could have laid sreb stress upon the fact of . a red neckcloth being worn by an elector , while one of his own most staunch supporters figured off at that moment in a magnificent scarlet waistcoat . This sally produced roars of laughter at the expense of M . Cunin Gridaine , who was silting in his place at thst moment in a magnificent flime-coloured vest , little expecting that it was to become the subject of such general attention . M . Jules Favre finished his speech by pointing out the want of confidence which the rulers of France show that they have in ihe cause of liberty , and rem i nded the house that those who had formerly been the flatterers of the people had now become their persecutors .

      M . Baroche then rose to reply . He admitted teat he bad formerly been . vice-president of a club , but it was a club of Tionnetes gens , and he denied that . in accepting office , he had become a persecutor of the people . Several members then expressed a wish {©" address the Assembly , hut M . Dupin declared the debate closed , and the order of the day was carried at once by a large majority , notwithstanding the protest of the Montagnards . The Socialist Candidate . —Last night the delegates of the Democratic and Socialist committee met at midnight , in conclave , to select a candidate on the Democratic interest for the Paris election of

      the 28 th of April . This meeting created considerable interest , from the fact that orders had been issued on the previous evening for the closing of several additional election meetings , and it was supposed that similar steps would be taken to prevent the delegates from meeting . The meeting took place in a large hall in ihe Rue de Chaume , Faubourg St . Antoine . Several members of the Extreme Left attended the meeting as delegates for their- arrondissements , and among others MM . Cremieux ( formerly member of the Provisional Government , ) Vidai , De Flotte , & c . The names of thirty candidates were brought forward , hut those who appeared to have most chance were M . Emile

      de Girardin and M . Dupont ( de l'Eure . ) the latter ot whom has given rise to so much dispute within the last few days between the columns of the * Presse' and ' Yoix . dn Peuple . ' The thirty names were in the fir .-t instance reduced to sixteen ; those who had not the votes of a fourth part of the delegates present being at once struck out of the list . Anions ; the names retained after the first ballot were —M . * D * Alton Shee , M . Cabet , the lcarian . H . Dupont ( de l'Eure , ) M . Emile de Girardin , and Jean Daniel , a soldier of the 23 rd regiment of Infantry . The fact of this soldier being brought forward " was not known till yesterday . The name of

      this latter candidate , until now , was perfectly unknown . Born in Lower Brittany , of unknown parents , he has never known either his father or his mother . His childhood was spent in the humble employment of a shepherd , fie afterwards made what is called the tour of France , in order to perfect himself in the trade of a shoemaker , which he had embraced . At the age of twenty the conscription took him , and he has exercised since that epoch , during a period of four years , the functions of shoemaker in his regiment . His candidature was supported with extreme warmth by the workmen-delegates ; so much so , that he almost carried away the majority of the suffrages .

      All of a sudden a name was brought forward , of whom no one had spoken before . It was that of Eugene Sue , the celebrated author of the' Mysteres de Paris , ' the ' Juif Errant , & c , & e . On bis name being brought forward there was an immense sensation in the Assembly . Loud cries arose on all sides of ' Vive Eugene Sue ! ' ' Vive la Republique democratique ! ' and the excitement became so great that the silting was for some time suspended . At length a vote was called for , and the following was the result : — Sumber of voters 227 Absolute majority 114 For Eugene Sue 143 Jean Daniel 80 M . Villegarde 2 Audry de Puyravan 2

      M . Eugene Sue was consequently proclaimed candidate for Paris . The proceedings did not terminate till half-past one o ' clock this afternoon . Just as ihe proceedings terminated , it was announced that the hall of the Rue de Chaume , in which the meeting had taken place , had been closed , like other places of meeting , by order of the authorities . A protest against this act of the Government was immediately drawn up , and the meeting separated in a state of great excitement . '

      Monday . —The ordermongers fearing the defeat of their candidate , Foy , have withdrawn him and brought forward a new man , named Leclerc . M . Leclerc is a shopkeeper in the second arrondissement of Paris , and an old decore of July . At the period of the great insurrection of June , 1848 , he had a son shot by his side , while charging a barricade . He immediately went home , and brought out his second son to replace the one that had just been killed , and both father and

      son continued fighting till the insurrection was completely suppressed . The idea of bringing forward M . Leclerc was suggested on Saturday by the Legitimist paper , the 'Gazette de France . " It was contended by that paper that , as M . de Flotte had been brought forward by the Democrats at the last election , as the representative of insurrection , it would be right to bring forward M . Leclerc at the present election , as a protest against that nomination . The idea has been kept up by the representatives of the Conservative press , and will

      France. Conspiracy Against Unntkosail * ...

      no doiAtVba adopted by the whole of the Conserva-^ dbsbat , 11 a . m . — The « vent of chief impertence 'in the Assembly ' s sitting of yesterday , was , the vote by which 300 , 000 francs Vrere at one fell-swoop cut off from the succours afforded to ¦ the wndamnes politique * . This will create immense irritation . The effect of he vote it appears , will fall upon the fig hters of July , 1830 , and February , 1848 . , y KBT 0 RN OF THE POPE TO ROME . < .. -Wednesday . —The' Moniteur' publishes the fol-( lowing telegraphic despatch : — _ -- ¦ 'The Alinister Plenipotentiary of France to the ¦¦¦¦ Minister for Foreign Affairs . ' The Pope entered Rome on Friday at four 0 clock . He was received with the most enthusiastic

      acclamations . Some placards of a highly inflammatory nature were fixed up in the Corso , and other conspicuous parts of the city a day or to before the Pope ' s entry . One was an address to the Romans on the coming of the Pope ; another on the same subject dated Naples ; a third , on the preparatives for his return , ridiculine in strong terms the pretended reforms in the administration of government which are stated to he ready for publication ; and a fourth on the affair of M . Gazzola .

      Yesterday in the Legislative Assembly the close of the sitting was stormy in the extreme . The object of the Mountain was to procure a nominal division on the suppression nf the succours to persons condemned for political offences , a reduction which had been carried on the preceding day , For this purpose M . Schoelcher moved an amendment to restore that aid . This was set . aside by the house vo'iiig the previous question . Hereupon M , Charras made some fervent remonstrances against the implicit disavowal by the Assembly of the revolution of July and February . This c & lled out M . Dufaure M . July next brought forward an amendment for granting 600 , 000 francs to political prisoners . The previous question was voted by 40 G against 211 .

      SWITZERLAND . According to the report of the Swiss Federal Council , the Government of the Republic has . ordered 550 members of the German Workmen ' s Union , belonging to sixteen different branches ' of the society , to quit the Swiss territory , and placed 2 , 14 members under the surveillance of the police . The result of the inquiry of the Government into the proceedings of these societies is stated as follows : — 1 . It is fully proved that the German workmen in Switzerland , were organizing themselves / and providing the means of carrying out a revolution intended not merely to subvert' the governments of Germany , but to destroy the whole present system of society . 2 . This revolutionary Propaganda , as the central society called itself , did not originate in

      Switzerland , and is not confined to that country . Its centres are in Germany , France , and England . From these the twin societies were cdled into existence , and are but links in the great chain of' the Social Democratic Union . In Switzerland these bodies could act much more openly than elsewhere , and their objects were therefore better known ; but the leaders were for the most in foreign countries , and at any decisive moment in Germany only , the German contingent would have been withdrawn frors Switzerland . 3 . It is proved that the unions were in close connexion with the fugitives from Baden and the Pfalz , and that the leaders of that insurrection were principally supported and assisted by them . ITALY . r « :

      TURIN , Apiui . 19 th . —A signal victory has just been gained here in favour of the liberal causer not only in Piedmont and iu Italy , but also , though in . directly , in Europe . An assembly , composed , of elements essentially censervative ( the senate of Turin ) , has nt . bly broken thiough the trammels of superstitious illiberally , and has boldly proclaimed , as it has candidly admitted , the abandonment of an odious svstem of privileges hitherto in use .

      The senate , in its sitting of yesterday , adopted by a majority of twenty-two votes ( fifty-one against twenty-nine ) the law proposed by ministers , and already voted by the Chamber of Deputies by an immense majority , that of the abolition of . exceptional and special tribunals for the clergy , and on the right of asylum in places of refuge , where the guilty were screened from punishment under cover of an inviolable shelter in certain religious establishments , churches , convents , and the like .

      Yesterday evening , some persons were desirous of making a flattering demonstration of their joy on the occasion , and in honour of the Minister of Justice , Count Siccardi , who had brought forward the law * but the latter had declared , on a recent occasion , that he would not allow of public order being in anyway disturbed , and that all public demonstrations would be prevented , no matter in what sense they might be made ; and in accordance with this resolution , the armed force dispersed immediately the groups from which proceeded any cries , which , however , fortunately , was not attended with any consequences of a deplorable nature . The crowds ' formed on different points dispersed at the approach of the troops , and all was over in a short time .

      The Marquis A'Azeglio , the President of the Council of Ministers , thought it his duty to put on his uniform as a colonel of horse , and place himself at the head of a patrol of cavalry , going many rounds through the streets .

      GERMANY . A riot took place at Elberfeld on the 6 th , in consequence of a soldier having , in the execution of his duty , and after repeated warnings , fired upon and wounded a prisoner in the house of arrest , who persisted to disobey orders to retire from a window where he was haranguing a crowd in the street . In consequence of its being reported that the man had been shot dead without provocation , a mob collected , insulted in the grossest manner the two companies of the 16 th Infantry called out on the occasion , and might have proceeded to extremities had not the officers and men behaved with rare firmness and forbearance . -

      A curious incident took place three or four days ago at Magdeburg , which may serve as a warning to amateur draftsmen , and which , at the same time , affords a very singular proof of the manner in which personal liberty is respected . A sentry on the ramparts , having perceived an individual occupied in sketching , alarmed the guard ; the delinquent was seized , sundry sketches of fortificationsof which every military schoolbov has done a dozen

      plans—were found upon his . person ; and what was still more criminal , an Austrian passport . He was carried off prisoner to the citadel , and there detained until application was made to Berlin , to know what was to be done with the dangerous spy , who turned out to be a young officer of rank , travelling for his amusement and instruction . The reply was , that he might be set at liberty , with an admonition to beware how he extended his studies to Prussian bastions and ravelines .

      The fcfficer arrested at Magdeburg turns out to be his Royal Highness Duke Eugene Augustus of WuttMBuMg !! twenty-two years of age , son of Duke Frederick Eugene , the well-known Russian general . A cousin of the King of Wurtembergson of a Russian gentral-and au Austrian officer who , here is a syllogism sufficient to send the culprit for life to hard labour .

      GREECE . The « Allgemeine Zeitung' has letters from Athens of the 2 d inst . The last French steamer which arrived in that city from Marseilles brought aletter from M . Tricoupls , the Hellenic Ambassador at Paris . M . Tricoupis informs his government of the arrival of another Russian note , addressed to the Czar ' s Ambassadors in London and Paris , and dated from Petersburgh on the 23 d February . According to this note the Csar ' s government insists on the restoration of the captured vessels before the affairs of England and Greece can be allowed to enter into farther consideration . But if the vessels are not restored ,, adds Count Nesselrode , the Czar's government will not consent to recognise any of the proposals which Baron Gros may have to make .

      INDIA . We have received , via Trieste , intelligence of the arrival of the Oriental at Suez , on the 3 d . inst ., with thedBombay mails of the 16 th of March . The expedition under Sir Co / in Campbell against the mountaineers in the nei ghbourhood of Peshawur had not been attended with the expected results . The expedition had returned to Peshawur . The Hindoo and Mussulman population in Merzapoor had risen against each other under the influ , ence of religious fanaticism , and in the disturbances which followed the city was burnt to the ground . —The rest of India was profoundl y tranquil . The sale of English manufactured goods at Bombay had been large at middling prices . Cotton and opium were dull .

      This intelligence was accompanied by a postscript from the Austrian Consul in Egypt , which we give literally , as we received it . with the . remark

      France. Conspiracy Against Unntkosail * ...

      lhat ' it , in ail probability , refers to the intelligence brought by the last mail from Peshawur : — An English free-corps of 3 , 000 men met with a reverse fr © m : the febellious , mountaineers , in the Ksad Pais , near Peshawur , in which two European officers and 150 privates remained on the field . ' . - « . t « ., t . > U ; iilii rotar * ii \ the intMlifWnCA

      AMERICAN AFFAIRS . ( From the * New York Tribune' of April 2 nd . ) The proceedings of Congress for the last fortnight present nothing worthy of special comment . No subject of interest has occupied the ' attention of cither house , but that of Slavery ; and on this all action is lost in an interminable . war . of words .- — M . Sain Bois Le Comte , the minister of the French Republic , was presented to President Taylor on Monday , the 18 th inst ., in the presence of the whole Cabinet . The speech of M . U Comte was marked by a conciliatory and temperate spirit ' and was responded to by the President with cordial expressions of intercourse and friendly feeling .

      The Report of Hon . Butler T . King who visited California during the last Summer , as the Special Agent of the Executive of the United States , has just been published . It is a docuni nt of areat interestand importance , presenting a welCdigcsted mass of information with regard to California , derived from personal observation and authentic sources , and suggesting several practical measures for the consideration of the government . —According to Mr . King , the population of . California in 1802 was about 17 , 000 ; iu 1831 , it amounted to a little more than 23 , 000 ; from this number it did not vary much for four or five years ; when it

      gradually increased , until the ' Euddsn rush of immigration in 1849 ; and at the commencement of the present year , it may be estimated at 115 , 000 Americans and foreigners , exclusive of native ' Indians . The-Gold Region is between 400 and 500 miles long , and from forty to fifty miles broad , following the line of the Sierra Nevada . It embraces the extensive range of hills on the eastern border of the plain of the Sacramento and San Joaquin , which reach towards the East for fifty or sixty miles , and attaining an elevation of about 400 feet terminates at the base of the main ridge of the Sierra Nevada .

      • The springs of the Sierra give rise to numerous streams , which , augmented by the rains and melted snow , expand into rivers , running in a westerly direction , and emptying into the Sacramento and San Joaquin , at the distance of from ten to fifteen , and in some cases of twenty miles from each other . The rivers in forming their channels , have come in contact with the quartz , with which the gold seems to have been originally combined , and cutting the gold into fine flakes and dust , leave it deposited among the sand and gravel of their beds . In the dry season a portion of these beds are found without Water ; they contain large quantities of gold , in a coarser state than in the rivers , often in a smooth shape , riot unlike pebbles . . In the .. dry diggings , where quartz containing gold has cropped out , the gold is found in pieces of every size , from one grain to several pounds in weight . These diggings , in some places , spread over-valleys of considerable

      extent . The amount of gold collected in the operations 1848 and 1849 , is estimated at 40 , 000 , 000 do ! ., one . half of which was probably carried . out ; , of the country by foreigners . Of this sum , 20 , 000 , 000 doj . is supposed to have been taken from the- rivers , although their richness has suffered no perceptible diminution , except in a few locations , which earlv attracttd large bodies of miners . Gold has been found in twelve principal rivers , but the greater part of the above amount was taken from six or seven of them , when it was first discovered and , most accessible . .- ' . ¦

      In regard to the regulation of the Gold District by the government , Mr . King suggests that the entire region should be preserved intact , not exposed to sale , and considered as the common , individual treasure of the American people . He then recommends the appointment of a Commissioner of the Mines , with a sufficient number of assistants , with authority to give a license to any American citizen , on the payment of a moderate . sum , for digging anywhere in the Territory for the space of one year . The discoverer of a new mine to he entitled to work it , or to dispose of it , under suitable regulations , by pajing a certain per canta ^ e of its products . A portion of the money collec ; ed to be expended in the construction of roads and bridges , to facilitate communication between the mining , districts , and tfee other parts of the countrv .

      ¦ The quicksilver mines of California are believed to be numerous , extensive , and valuable , ft is also supposed that the Territory contains large beds ef silver , iron and copper ores ; but the information is not sufficiently precise or definite en this point to warrant any satisfactory conclusions .

      DEATH OF SENATOR CALHOUN . The death of John C . Calhoun , the distinguished Senator from South Carolina , took placo on Sunday , March 31 . This ovont had been long anticipated . Mr . Calhoun was horn in 1782 . He was descended from an Irish family which emigrated to this country when his father was about three years old . He received his education at Ynlo College , whero he gratuated in 1804 with distinguished honours , giving a brilliant promise of the lofty fame which ho has since achieved . Ho commenced the study of the law at the celebrated Law-School in Litchfield , Conn ., and completing his preparation for the profession in his native State , he was admitted to the bar in 1807 , and rapidly

      attained to celebrity and large emoluments . In 1810 he was elected to Congress by an . immense majority , and , taking his seat in that body ,. at once assumed a high position in tho ranks of thelfepubiican party . In 1817 he was invited by President Monroe'to a place in his Cabinet as Secretary , of 'War . He continued / in this office for seven years , during which time he gave proofs of admirable industry , great practical energy and skill , remarkable sagacity in the administration of affairs , and an integrity which was never sullied by the breath of suspicion .. He was elected Vice-President of the United States in 1824 , discharged the duties of that office , as

      presiding officer of the Senate , with eminent dignity and firmness , and , for the most part , with uncommon impartiality . On , tho accession of General Jackson to the Presidency in 1828 , hp , was again chosen Yice-President , but the policy of General Jackson being , widel y at variance with his own , he resigned . that office in 1832 , and was immediately returned to the Senate . by the Legislature of South Carolina . In 1844 he resi g ned his seat in Congress and accepted the office of Secretary of State , which he held until the close of President Tyler ' s administration . He was then rc-chosen Senator , which office he filled until the time of his death . .

      Mr . Calhoun enjoyed a reputation for vigor , boldness and independence , not surpassed by that of any statesman in this country . His mind was addicted to , great analytical , subtlety in all its operations , and he followed the guidance of' his logical convictions with an inflexible severity , that made him formidable as an antagonist . Ills political views , even when most strongly : tinctured with extravagance , wore the necessary result of , established premises , which had firmly : planted themselves in hisinterlcct . In his policy he had primary reference to the claims and interest of the South , was never seduced into enthusiasm for the greatness and dignity of the Federal Union , and : regarded tho institution of Domestic Slavery , as the Best foundation , of political-. liberty . In all the

      relations of private life , his character was beyond reproach . Of unsullied integrity , of rigid temperance and purity , of a high sense of justice and honor , it won tho esteem and admiration of all to whom ho was intimately known . With Clay , Webster and Benton , he formed a circle of statesmen which for nearly forty years has exercised tho widest influence on the political developmcnts-of this country . Differing but little in age , they survive their illustrious compeer and are now by universal consent at the head of American statesmen . The Legislature of Ohio adjourned oh the 25 fch instant , after a . session of 113 days . Among tho acts ' passed was one for taxing banks in the same war as other property ; one creating a State Board of ' Education ; and an act for the Homestead

      Exemption . , ¦ .,.-, 1 Another dreadful steam-boat accident occurred a few days since , between Buffalo and Niagara . The boiler of the steamer Troy exploded , when nearly twenty persons were scalded to death or drowned , and about the same number were seriously wounded . There have been two serious riots among the labourers on the canal , near Buffalo ; in quelling the hitter of which four men were shot , and nearly thirty taken prisoners . CONDEM N A T I ON AND SENTENCE OF PROFESSOR WEBSTER TO DIEFOR TUB MUHDER OF DR . PARKMAX .

      , The trial of Professor Webster for tho murder of Dr . Parkman was brought to a close on'Saturday . ni ° iit , and the verdict of" Guiltj" recorded against tho prisoner . The trial occupied eleven days , and Tvas conducted with a deliberation , quietness , and freedom from excitement , almost unprecedented in the records of criminal jurisprudence . During its whole progress , tho accused displayed a remarkable self-command , listening to'the evidence with intense interest , but with perfect calmness , showing not tho slightest consciousness of guilt , nor . any emotion , from which inferences could , be drawn , and apparently unmoved by _ the wei ght of testi mony , which was accumulating with slow and terrible certainty for his condemnation . The grounds taken against

      France. Conspiracy Against Unntkosail * ...

      Dr . Webster , and the admission that Dr . Parkman was at his room in the Medical College at two 0 clock on the day of his ' disappearance—that he was never seen after that ^ time-that the remains loundm the College are identified as ? those" of Dr . Parkman— -and that the notes , which were the cause of pecuniary difficulty between the parties ; were found in possession of Dr . Webster , although he was shown to be destitute of funds for their payment . The counsel for the defence endeavoured to set aside the proof of identity—to show that the prisoner was at Cambridge at the ; time alleged for his disposing of the remains—and to prove that Parkman had been seen subsequent to the hour of the" murder as stated in the indictment ! In com-Dr . Wehstnr . and tho ailmiaatnn iU „ ± Tl _ n . J . «—

      menting on the testimony ,, Chief Justice . "Shaw charged the jury in a manner ' highly unfavourable to the accused . They were absent about three hours , and at eleven o ' clock returned with the fatal verdict . Dr . Webster was sentenced on Monday , and his execution is appointed to take place at such time as may be determined by the Governor of the State . . . The result of tho trial was communicated to Dr . Webster ' s family at Cambridge on Sunday morning . Tho bearer of the agonising intelligence was Mrs . Prescott , the mother of the distinguished historian ,

      and a halt-sister ot Mrs ; . Webster ..: It was received with tho most frenzied anguish , as an ovont of which there had not been the faintest anticipation . The shrieks and groans of the afflicted sufferers were heard to a great distance . They are the objects of the most profound commisseration and symyathy in every quarter . On Monday morning a letter of condolence was addressed to them , signed by the prin cipal inhabitants of Cambridge , Pros . Everett , Pres . Sparks , tho'Professors in the University , and numerous other friends . Ineffectual solace in their hour of agony unutterable ! ¦

      Shipwrecks.—Kinostow.V, April 13.—The Pi...

      Shipwrecks . —Kinostow . v , April 13 . —The pilot boat Hawk towed into Kingstown a largo piece of a wreck , the side of a vessel , found drifting between Lam bay and the Kish ; it is black , with two narrow red mouldings ; a . whitc flag was fastened to a rope which was tied on one of the masthead stays . The other pilot boats picked up 107 boxes of soap fifteen miles S . L \ of Lambay . The schooner Wonder , of Waterford , with coals from Cardiff , was lost with all hands , during the late storm ., ,

      Medals.Of James Morison,

      MEDALS . OF JAMES MORISON ,

      Ad00209

      THEHYGEIST . AND GBEAT MEDICAL BEFO BMER , May bo had of all the Ajcats for the sale of Jlorison's I'ilN ritICK ONE SHILLING BACH . In Bronze , 10 s . Gd . ; in Silver , 21 . ; in Cold , 191 . JAMES -MORISOX , the Ilygeist proclaimed—THE IMM . OR-TAL lstly . —Tliut the vital principle is in the blood . HARVEY 2 ndly . —That all diseases .. . arise from impurity of the PROCLAIMED THE blood . Sruly . —That such im-CIRCULATIOS OF THE purity can only he eradicated by a purgative such as BLOOD . Morison ' s Vegetable - Universal Medicine of the British College of Health , Newroad , Loudon .

      Ad00210

      GRAVEL , RHEUMATISM , LUMBAGO , STRICTURE ; DEBILITY , Ac . ... j . .. DR . BARKER'S D U R I F I C . P I L L S -L have long been . well known as the only certain cure for pains in the back and kidneys , gravel , lumbago , rheumatism , gout .-gonorrhoea , gleet , syp hilis , secondary symptoms , seminal debility , and .-ill diseases of the bladder and urinary , organs generally , whether the result of imprudence or derangement of the functions . In every form and variety of eruptions of the skin , scorfula , scurvy , and rheumatism , gout , & c . , the greater part of which arise Irom diseased urine ( the painful and fatal results of which'are too well known , ) these Pills are eminently successful . By their purifying action they have a salutary influence on the system , thereby preventing the numerous ' ills that flesh is heir to / arising from impurities of the blood . To all classes of sufferers they are- confidently recommended , as they have never , in any instance , been known to fail . The Purific Pills maybe obtained through most respectable medicine venders . Price Is . Hd „ 2 s . 3 d ., and is . fid . per box j or . will be sent , free , with Ml instructions for use , on' receipt of the . price in postage stamps , by Dr . Alfred Barker . —A considerable saving effected by purchasing the larger boxes .

      Ad00211

      IF MANKIND arc ItaWo to ona illsease more than another , or if there are . any particular affections of the human body wa require to have a knowledge of orei- the rest , his eertainly that class of disorders treated of in the new and im proved edition of the "Silent Friend , " The authors , in thus sending forth t » the world another edition of theii medical work , cannot rifrain from expressing their , gran * . fic ; ition at the continual success attending their efforts ., which , combined with the assistance of medicines , exclul sivcly of their own preparation , hare been the hxppy cause of mitigating and averting the mwital and physical miseries attendauton those peculiar disordsrs ; thusprovine the fact ,

      Ad00212

      U «_ . » v . mm . "——Part the Fifth ; = - Is devoted to the consideration of the Dull .. »„ ., „ tions of the Married State , » nd of the causes Sfi ? ? " % . ' the happiness or misery of those who haVe ' enta »? i * 1 « bonds of matrimony . Disquietudes and jars W Mo ft « ried couples are traced , to . depend , in the > maWi * " " •«»' stances , on causes resulting from physical i £ Z ^ hi and errors , and the means for their » m « valrtP 6 rfeot 'M ) i within roach and effectual . The operation ^ f T ? . « o be qualifications U fully examined , and infelicitous » i , di « . ductive unions shewn to be the necessarr , » , Un l *> . The causes and remedies for this state fonn « n i 1 Ue « ee . consideration in this section of the work . "" Patent

      Ad00213

      EATRAOKDLYAItY SUCCESS OF TmT ^ Z REMEDY !! ; NE ^ Which has never been known to fail ,-A em eff eeM or the money returned .

      Ad00214

      paur shooting with the cross bow . See his Life , to be had gratis of all Agents . ECONOMY . ¦—Economy should lie pra ctised JLl in all things , but more , particularly in matters of medicine . The restoration to health has-generally bee * purchased at a costly , price ; but where is the wisdom ) where is the economy in spending vast suras 011 a physician ' s attendance , when souad health and long life may 00 ensured by the cheap , sa ' . ' e , and simple remudv of l ' arr S L ife P ills ' Hundreds who have kept their beds- for years have been so speedily re-invigorated with an infusion of new blood , and consequently of new life and strength , by the use of i'AUR'S LIFE PILLS , that their re-appearance ainoiigs '

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), April 20, 1850, page 2, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_20041850/page/2/