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Northern Star (1837-1852), 19th May 1849, Edition 2 of 3, Page 7, FOREIGN IJJTELTIfirvrir FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE

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      Foreign Ijjteltifirvrir Foreign Intelligence

      FOREIGN IJJTELTIfirvrir FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE

      C Concluded From Tks Second Page.) (From...

      C Concluded from tks Second Page . ) ( From the' Daily News /) March of the Romans against the Neapolitans —Rome , May 4—To-day sets out the expedition against King Bomba- it is 15 , 000 siron ^ and commanded by Garibaldi . Nothing can eaua ' l the encouraging shouts bestowed by the ladies ' on the . troops as they pass through the * streets to lbgatebfSt . JohnLateran . Tue king issaJJ to b « atiariciaj behind AlbatiO ; part of his force is at Yalmontone , under Zucchi . Princes Doris and Bqrghese are in the ranks , or else with the ba ^ ga ^ ecarts , and yet their splendid palaces in Rome are held inviolate by the people .

      From Terni arrived to-dav 1 , 500 men . 1 st and 2 ndbattabons of the line . The Ponte Molle was blown up yesterday ; so this letter goes round bv the Sabine territory . FroaiViterlio came the whole "Na tional Guard , with a complete battery of field guns . Men are coining in more than are wanted ; and not a single-town or village in the whole Roman territory has declared against the present government . The barricades are augmenting in number and in formidable s trength . Immense use is niade of the church confessional boxes , which , being ponderous articles of furniture , are found quite suitable for blocking up the progress of a « retrograde ' enemv . Thainintis coining silver and gold plate night and day ; . - -...

      . DEFEAT OF TEE XEAPOL 1 TAXS Br THE KOMAXS . * Kosk , A 5 ay 5 . —The folhmng official intelligence ofthe first affair between the Roman and Neapolitan troops was published at Rome this day , by the Minister of foreign Affairs : — " The following are the particulars of toe first rencontre , on the road between Torre di Mezza and Albano , between our troops and a corps of . Neapolitans , whichat first were f ° J ?/! ™ Timber , but were afterwards increased to 2 . 000 . The enemy were put to flight , and threw away their fire-arms , leaving sixty prisoners and two pieces of ar tillery in our possession , which are now —three o ' clock , p . m . —entering Rome . ( Signed ) The Minister , Carlo Ruscoxi . "

      ( From the' Daily News . ' ) The French prisoners , of whom we still hold 300 or 400 , out of 600 who were captured outside the walls , do not wish to be exchanged ( as Oudinot has askeeb , but call for arms and permission tv be led against the Neapolitans . Not a single Tillage has yet declared for the Pope throughout the length and bieadth ofthe Roman territory . The' ^ National * states that at a Council of WnT held at General Oudinot ' s head-quarterj at which the "Ministers of Great Britain . France , and Prussia attended , a resolution was adoped at the Council to unite the French and Neapolitan troops , and to

      march against Rome . The ' National' states that notwithstanding this strange alliance the Romans are determined to resist . SARDINIA . —On the morning of the 7 th , the sentence pronounced npon General Ramorino was posted in the streets of Turin . The Council of War had condemned him to degradation and death , on the following count : — « That on the 20 th of March last hehadksowingly omitted to take with the fifth division of Lombards , then under his command , a strong position at La . Cava , and thereabouts , on the left bank of the Po , as he bad been directed by a written order , dated Alessandria , the 16 th of that month , from the Coramander-in Chief and that he had

      remained , contrary to that order , on the right bank of the Po with the greater part of his division , tbus permuting the entrance of the enemy by Pavia , and thereby endangering the safety of the Piedmontese army . ' The king mitigated the sentence to that of death without degradation . But Ramorino having appealed to the Court of Cassation , the execution has been suspended till Ihe decision of fiat court be known . —

      SICILY . Palermo kot yet Subdced . —The peace government had been overturned by a band of mountaineers , headed by ScordatL Whilst , the deputies and principal inhabitants were absent on a mission to "Bilangeri , it appears tliat a celebrated partisan , called Scordati , at the head of an immense number of mountaineers , rushed into the town , disp ' aced the new Provisional Government , and disarmed all the National Guards who refused to join them . Defiance to the Neapolitans was once more proclaimed , barricades were thrown up , and every possible preparation mtide for a r & olute defence .

      INSURRECTION IN CANADA . Liverpool , May 14 . —By the arrival of the "British and "North American royal mail steam-ship Europa , Captain Lott , in our river this evening , we are put in possession of advices one fortnight later than any heretofore to hand . The political news from tlie United States is not more than ordinarily interesting , but the apprehensions which were felt as to the breaking out of rebellion in Canada have been fnly and fearfully realised .

      Oh the 25 th ult ., that long discussed and obnoxious , measure , the Rebellion Losses Indemnitv Bill , received the sanction of the Governor-General and the news being circulated , all the pent-up wrath ofthe "loyalists" ofthe province began forthwith to expend itself . Riuting immediately became the " order" of the day . The inhabitants collected en masse , proceeded to the Parliament House , drove out aU the members present by force , and set fire to the building . In a shc-rt time the . House , library , archives—in fact the entire premises , were one heap of ashes . The firenr ? n and police were called on to interfere , but absolutely refused . Emboldened by the success of their attempts , they assaulted Lord -Elgin , pelted him publicly with missiles , aud severely abused several of the representatives who had become promm ' nt in support of the bill .

      Montreal , April 26 . —Yesterday afternoon it was publicly announced that his Excellency would go down to Parliament and sanction numerous bills , particularly tho one relating to the customs . It was never presumed for one moment , however , that the notorious and detested " rebel bill" was to be one of them . . At four p . m ., the hour appointed frthe ceremony , a fair assemblage of people were collected in front of thc parli inieiitary buildings . It was not till five p . m ., that the governor entered the council chamber , and took his seat on the throne . In the meantime , a rumour had got abroad that the " rebel bill" was , indeed , to be assented to . The report quickly spread , and before ths conclusion ofthe ceremony a crowd , numbering about 1 , 500 persons , were , collected together to receive the representative of British sovereignty , with the long announced honours . The royal sanction was given to fortyeight bills , amongst which , the crowd were informed

      by those who had been in the interior of she buildings , was the obnoxious bill- About six o ' clock his Excellency entered his carriage , and was driven off at a rapid rate , amidst curses , yells , hoot ngs , and a shower of rotten eggs , dirt and stenss . Lord Elgin had to run the " gauntlet of the various missiles , for the distance of 100 yards . The carriage windows were down , and Colonel Bruce was inside with him . Three eggs entered the carriage , aud some struck his lordship in the face . - Horses , equipage , footmen , & C-, were all completely covered with the unsavoury missiles . The staff fared very littfe better . The fact of ihe _ royal sanction having been given to the " rebellion losses" bill , now spread . Uke wildfire . % seven o ' clock a ' ann bells were ringing all over the town , and cries went through the- streets calling a mass meeting to be held on the Champ de Mars , at eight o ' clock . By the appointed time , upwards of two thousand people hau assembled , and by nine o ' clock it had swelled to 5 , 000 .

      One of the leaders of the mob got upon a chair , and addressed them in a viohnt and inflammatory manner , amidst repeated deafening cheers . He said : " The time for action has arrived . We must work . "We have passed resolutions enough—the ^ have been disregarded . To the Partiament House !" A chord in the hearts of the vast multitude had b ? en touched , which every heart re-echoed . The moving thousands , preceded by torches , marched at a furious rate in the direction of the legislature . By ten p . m . Eight thousand persons were in front ofthe buildings where tlie Assembly was in full session at the time . A shower of stones " as thick as leaves in Valambrosa , " were poured upon the windows , which , from the brilliant manner in which they were lighted ,

      afforded a-most tempting mark . When the stones came pouring into the windows , the members of the Assembly-thought it time to retreat , aha retired into the lobby , there to await the issue of the events . No sooner had the members , left , than about one hundred ofthe mob , armed to the teeth , rushed into the Assembly-room , and their leader , swearing he would come Oliver Cromwell over them , placed himEelf in the Speaker ' s chair , assumed the hat , and announced , with stentorian lungs , "Gentlemen , " the Reach Parliament is alsMlvedJ ^ adtling , '' and we are all going " to " h-ll ! " One brawny fellow then seized hold of the mace , which , from the Hoiue beine in mmmittee at the time . " lav on the table , and

      having shouldered it marched : bfiv The rest set to " ¦ "fork , and the destructioncommenced . Whilst this body of men ' were-smashing everything inside the Legislative Assembly room , a cry of hre was suddenly raised . In the meantime Colonel Gn s 7 , heading the members , _ clerks , and ladies , " ^ cdthrough ' the hall b ' fthes house , and but atrthe pnn cipal door , agreeably surprised at not finding ^ diselves st opped . The fury " ; and rapidity with ¦ J ™ ich the flames spread can iardly be imagined ; . in « ss than fifteen minutes- the whole of the wing occtrpied by the House « f Assembly was in flames , and , owing to He inornate commwucations between the wo houses , the Upper House was rapidly Involved in & 8 T f « e destruction . . ,. „ * ae mob had now amounted to almost incredible

      C Concluded From Tks Second Page.) (From...

      numbers ^ and remained stoical spectators of the EC ene .. The troops - arrived shortly afterwards , ami were received with loud cheers , which several companies of ihe 23 rd regiment returned : One soldier a private , firedhii musket in theair . ; 'he was iminc ^ diately arrested , and sent to the guard-house . Bv eleven o ' clock , nothing but the smouldering ruins of the hmsc-in which a measure fraught with injustice and . iniquity was nvroduc ' . d . passed , and icceivedthe royal assent—remained ' ; a fitting tribute to the ra ^ e of an insulted people . '"' ¦ : „ . -

      a ? Pl l loss of the buildings ; evervone the splendid lrnanes , in which ! were the archives and records of Canada for hundreds ofyears ; valuable works from every qoartrr of the globe were heaped in profusion withu , those walls ; eleven hundred volumes of recrds of the British House of Commons , ° !™ ck no ° * u 8 rco Py w " as extant , were destroyed . iVOt eighty dollars worth of property was saved ; The loss , is irreparable , and is icgretted by all . The Jiuccus picture was saved from the " burning buildings , but destroyed in the streets . The party in charge of the mice carried it toUonegana ' s Hote ' , and there placed it in the hands of Sir Allan McNab . No lives wee lost . T . B . Turner . Esq , ' of the Montreal Courier , Sir Allan McNaband the Hon . W .

      , Badgely , in attempting to save some books from the library , were nearly lost . They were obliged to drop , the work ? ,, and rush for the Legislative Council chamber doori which , 'to their ' horror , they found locked . Their cries were heard- by a party- in the library of the council , who had axes , and the panel was smashed in ; they then escaped by a ladder from the balcony . It was rumoured amongst the mob , that the French memlrers were hid in the cellars , and wou'd be destroyed by the fire . The announcement was received with the most brutal cheers . At twelve o ' clock , satisfied with ths work of the evening , the multitude dispersed . His "Excellency , the Governor-General , with his family , came into townand

      re-, mained all ni ght under the protection of a large guard at Government House . Early this morning , Messrs . Mack , Howard , Afontgbmerie , and Ferries , proprietor ol" the Jfontreal Gazette , were arrested on . a charge of arson . They were taken before the police magistrates , and a ^ ter an examination of alew hours , remanded to gaol till to-morrow . The excitement during the day " was intense . A mob . of 3 , 000 persons accompanied them to the gaol . Through the influence of their leaders , the mob were prevented from any outbreak . Hal they chose to do so , the 100 soldiers who guarded the cabs would have soon been settled . But it was represented ' that more Rood would arise from their incarceration for a

      fe-w hoars . In the evening it was announced * that a meeting would he held on the Champ de Mars to-morrow at two ^ o ' clock , the Hon . George Moffat to be in the chair , when the peace and safety of the country will be discussed . It has already been < decided ,- that safety and peace can only be . insure d by his Excellency going home . Notice will be , given > him to quit the confines of Canada before the expiration of the week . Sir Benjamin D'Urban is to be called upon to administer the affairs of the country till he receives tidings from home . A French magistrate , . named Arniot , who * ent to the gaol with the prisoners , was nearly torn to pieces by the mob . ; An assemblage of persons was collected outside , the Government House during the whole day , for the purpose of laying hold ofthe ministry , " and were only prevented from entering the house by the presence of the military , with whom it is the determination of the Briiish party not to quarrel , and . it was also the military ' s desire . . " -

      In the evening of the 5 th the miob set fire to Mr . Lafontainc ' s house . The out-buildings were set on fire , and the bouse completely gutted , furniture smashed , magnificent pier glasses broken to pieces , feather beds ripped up , and every sort of destruction possible . Onthe 1 st of May Mr . Boulton was to move in the House of Assembly for a dissolution of ; the two provinces . The swearing-in of a number of Frenchmen as special constables caused a great increase to the excitement . One report states that the constables fired upon a large body of the rioters . So intense became the excitement in consequence of the arrival of tha French , that the Governor-General had to give orders for their arms to be taken away . ' Strong apprehensions were entertained of still greater violence , r

      The accounts from the country were very alarming ; in some places the authorities were compelled to assist in burning the effigy ofthe Governor-General .

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      Saturday, Mat 12. Robbery Prom The Perso...

      Saturday , Mat 12 . ROBBERY PROM THE PeRSOX BY A DUTCHMAN ' . — Edward Keyser , aged 24 , a Dutchman , was mdicted for stealing thirteen sovereigns , the monies of Wm , Van der Deyl , from his person . —The jury returned a verdict of "Not Guilty . " Charge of Cottixg and Tyoundixg . —H . Antwicler , aged 32 , and C . Fieg , 31 , a cook , were indicted for cutting and wounding Fritz Touvett , with intent , & c . The whole of the witnesses being foreigners , were examined through the medium of interpreters . —Thejury found An twieler " Guilty" on the whole charge , and Fieg of a common assault . —Mr . Bullock sentenced Aiutwielder to twelve months ' imprisonment and hard labour , and Fiog to three . This being the last case , the court adjourned until Monday the 11 th of June .

      Z Ilfobd Petty Sessions.—Saturday. Firin...

      Z ILFOBD PETTY SESSIONS . —Saturday . Firing at a Railway Train . —G . Skelton and G . Edyc , clerks in a . mercantile office in the City , about sixteen years of age , were charged with firing a pistol at a passenger train on the Eastern Counties Railway , near the Forest-gate Station . The prisoners pleaded "Guilty . "—Mr . Pelham , for the defence , said the prisoners were schoolfellows , and were most respectably connected . On the dav in

      question they visited their old schoolmaster , and took with them a pistol and some powder to fire off in the fields . The discharging the pistol at the train was entirely a mistake , and the prisoners had no intention of alarming the passengers . The prisoners regretted the foolish act they had committed , and were quite read y to ofier any apology to the company . —The Chairman said he believed the act was done wantonly , but not with any malicious intentions . The prisoners were then fined twenty shillings each , and cautioned as to their future conduct . —The fine was paid . ,

      Important Decision To Ter The Poor Law.—...

      Important Decision to ter the Poor Law . —A few days ago an officer of the Leeds board of Poor Law guardians appeared at the Court House of that town , and applied to the mayor . ( Mr . John Hope Shaw ) and two of the other magistrates of the borough for an order to remove a pauper and his family to Ireland . He had lived in Leeds twentyseven years . The fact of chargeability was proved ; and that the pauper had lately been imprisoned for a month in the Borough Gaol for neglect of family . It was insisted that this breach of residence rendered bun and his family liable to removal . The officer of the board of guardians said that the pauper had admitted to him that he was born in Cork . The pauper , who spoke with an Irish accent ,

      denied having made that admission , and objected to being removed . After the mayor and magistrates had consulted together for some time , on the case , and examined the Acts of Parliament , the Mayor said , " Whatever we might think of the hardshi p of removing a family to Ireland , under such circumstances as those of the present case , if wc found that the law directed the removal , we should not hesitate to carry it into effect . It is bur duty to administer the law as it stands . But we think the law has intrusted a discretionary power to magistrates in such cases . What might have been the duty of the magistrates upon an application by overseers , under the 3 rd and 4 th of William IV ., c . 40 , it " is unnecessary to inquire , as that statute is repealed ; ' and

      this branch of the functions of overseers is transferred to the guardiaris . in parishes where guardians are appointed . The present . application is by the guardians under the statute which transferred those functions from the overseers to them , viz ., the 8 th and 9 th Victoria , c . 117 , s .-2 . The words of that section , so far as regards the question now before us , are , that the ' Justices may hear and examine into the ' matter of such complaint , and if it be made to appear to their satisfaction tliat such person is liable to be so removed as aforesaid , and if they see fit , they may make and issue a warrant under their hands and seals to remove such person forthwith , at the expense of such union or parish . * " We have heard and examined the matter of the con . plaint

      now . befofe , us ; we assume , for the . purpose of . our present . decision , that . the liability to removal is satisfactorily proved ; but we think that under the words ' and if they-see fit , ' we are entitled to exercise OUT discretion ( and , if so entitled , that it is our duiy to exercise that discretion with due-regard ta the pauper as well as the ratepayers ) , as to the fitness of an order of removal in every case brought before ns . ' Inthepreseht . case We . dojnot . ' see fit ' to grant an order . We think it would he a hardship on the pauper himself j if , after be had lived twentyseven years ih . Leeds , we were -to superadd to : the punishment , the law has awarded to his offence . ( and which he has already suffered ) the , far heavier

      punishment of what would be virtually a sentence of transpqrtotionfor life ; ' andwe think it would be " a still greater hafdship ' oh hisi family , ; who have committed no crime , to send them to a country entirely new "to them , and leave them ' . to " : struggle for a Jive - lihood amongst strangers or depend on their charity We shall , therefore , ' decline to niake an order of removal in" this ( case , unless , we are . told b y higher authority that . itis . our duty to do . so . " The practice hi Leeds " has ; hitherto been , as . we believe it has in other parts of : the country , ' , to remove all Irish p aupers to their native eouhtry if they have not a five years' continuous settlement in -the town , the ma « nstrates believing they had no discretionary power in the matter .

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      [A: Pressure On Our Columns At The - Lat...

      [ A : pressure on our columns at the - late period when Mr . Drummond made his speech in the House of Commons last week prevented us from giving it in full , which we now do . ] i "Xatiox ' aV Taxation— "Mr , Dr vmmond rose to bring forward the following motion ' . — "That the House < resblve itself into a committee , to consider the . public expenditure and the existing systems of taxation , and how far both may be revised , with ' a view to relieve the pressure upon tho industry ' of the country . " It mi ght be said that he exaggerated the importance of this motion in declining to give way to a question which was to follow , but whatever , tlie House mi ght think upon , thc subject , he believed that throughout the country there was a

      far greater majority-of persons anxious to be relieved from the burden of taxation , than to "be permitted to marry their wives' sisters . ( Laughter : ) He might have an exaggerated idea- of the importance of his motion ,: but Tie considered it to involve the very , question which had . overthrown . every throne in Europe , and would shake the stability of our : bwri , if not speedily settled . ! . Last year he expressed his surprise that her Majesty ' s ministers had not . themselves proposed' some plan of finance ihrelief of taxation adequate to the universal . demand then made for it , or if unable to devise such a p Tah . themselves ,, had "; not used the assistance of a select committee of that Ilouse . ' His surprise ' was founded partly on the ' peculiar ' circumstancos under which thoy had been appointed , partly on account of-the great agitation there was then in the country on the / subject of taxation , and partly , from the expectation , derived from the recollection of their

      speeches when out of office , which expectation ' -those speeches were 'intended to excite . ' ( Hear , hear . ) At the close ofthe session ho had regretted thattlie government gave no . indication ! of : such intention , and had said that it would be necessary foi " , some independent member to take the matter up—not for the sake' of ' . " making an . ephemeral " speech , ' but ' . 'to draw from the House a plain and intelligible declaration—thatthe country-might know what it'had to ' expect at their hands , and also ; tb lay down broad , and intelligible principles fors the guidance not only of thc present ministers , but of any who mig ht ' succeed them . ( Hear . ) He believed there never was an instancb of successful rebellibhagaihst the ruling classes in any nation , except from the operation ofthe higher . He used the word higher , because it mattered nothing whether the . : government took tft form of absolute or limited monarchy , or repubUe ; for , a ? feudal violence wont out fiscal exaction canie in . In either ' case the

      people had had taken from them that which ought not to have been taken . ' The extravagant wars of Louis XIV ., and his waste of his people ' s ! money in puerilities , caused the distress and misery that broke out in the days of his great grandson , and shook him from the ; throne . Our debt had begun with the wars ' of the house of Hanover , had since gone on increasing / and had reached-a point which would have appeared fabulous to the original contractors of the . debt . ( Hear , hear . ) The time was now come when , if the legislature would not have the manliness to'look their position in the face ' and dare to grapple with it in quiet times , it would- be taken'upin unquiet times , and attended with , all the miserable aggravations which always accompanied the outbreaks of infuriated mobs . ( Hear ,

      hear . ) If they would shut their ears to the voice of history , and their eyes to the events that had passed around them for the last fifty , years—if thoy would suppose that they -had some charter from heaven to preserve them from that which had befallen every other nation whilst pursuing- the same course—if they would defer taking . those stops which alone . ' could avert the evil , there w ' as no help for the country . If they would sit with selfish and listless indifference , content tliat things should last during their official existence—if there was no course left to those , who used to boast- in the name of British statesmen but to have all their faculties absorbed in ambition , their hands and fact bound in maintaining things as they were—there was nothing for it but to wait another wave of that deluge of

      democracy which had already overwhelmed every government in Europe , and had more than threatened our own . ( Hear , hear . ) He did not say that any measure he mig ht recommend would save the State ; but if the legislature would part with . its selfishness , " be just and fear not , "—be determined to relieve the poor , and so far feel for them as to resolve that they should be relieved , that might under God's blessing be a means of lengthening the tranquillity . ( Hear , hear . ) If they did grapple with the question they must lay hold of it honestly , not amuse the people with a delusive hope , and thus increase their mortification . They must be honest in their endeavours , and to be honest they must revise every part , of their taxable system . ( Hear . ) And they must he prepared to part with many

      favourite associations , many privileges , and many long-cherished habits . He held it to be a principle that we ought to pay for protection in proportion to the value of that which was to be protected , and in proportion to the value ofthe social condition of the people . ( Hear . ) He had stated on a former occasion that , out of our population of thirty millions , one million of families were in the greatest distress ; another million consumed double the quantity of those Oelow them ; a third- million consuming three times as much ; a fourth , four times as much ; and a fifth million consuming five times as much as all the rest put together . The taxation ought to proceed on the principle of letting the lowest class go free altogether ; and laying on the whole of the taxation on the same principle as the

      assessed taxes . It was impossible to impose taxes so that they should not press upon labour indirectly ; they ought , therefore , by every means in their power , to relieve the parties thus necessarily burdened . Men ought to be made to pay in proportion to the stake they held in the country . Lord Althorp had once said that this would be confiscation ; but it was obvious that it was of very little importance to a day labourer who sat in the House of Lords , or who sat on the throne , or who were the owners of certain estates . As Mr . Macaulay had once said in the Edinburgh Review : — " It is poor consolation to a man who has had no dinner , and is going to have no supper , to know that the Queen cannot make -war without the consent of parliament . " ( Laughter . ) These restrictions were exceedingly valuable to

      those who profited by them ; hut to the large mass of mankind they were wholly nugatory . There was another reason for pursuing the course he recommended . ' He did not agree in the : assertion often made on the other side , that the taxes had been intentionally made to press on other interests by the landed interest having the command of a majority in both houses . The reverse had been proved ' most clearly by the hon . member for Bucks . But he admitted that , just in the same way as ' there was , ! unintentionally , an indirect tendency in masters always to combine against their labourers , so there was an indirect tendency in the legislature not to make taxation equal , —equal in a certain sense , but unequal in another sense ; equal in the sense of a noil-tax . which was the most unequal of all taxes ;

      for it could not be denied that to take a pound from a man who . had only £ 10 , was much more than . to take £ 10 from one having £ 100 , and to take £ 10 from a man having £ 100 , was more than £ 100 . from one having £ 1 , 000 , or £ 1 , 000 from one having £ 10 , 000 . There ought , therefore , to be constantly an intention on the part of the House , in all these modes of taxation , to relieve the very lowest and press upon the hig hest ; for , if there was . not tliat intention , the involuntary effect would be , that the taxation would press more upon the lower order than the hig her . The hon . member for Pinsbury was . constantly , repeating that the . people would never have justice .. . done them till . they elected their own representatives . He did not believe they would get a bit more justice ! in that way ,

      unless the princi p le he had now pointed out were recognised . He should certainly propose in committee a resolution to : the effect , " : That . in order to alleviate the burden of taxation , it is necessary , as far as possible , to levy all taxes , the stamp and other duties , on the same principle as that oh which the assessed taxes are levied . ' The object , for sometime past , had been to reduce prices here to the continental level , or rather to the level which they were formerly . ( Hear , hear . ) He did not object to that , and he believed prices would have come to that level , in spite of anything that , might have been done to prevent it ; he did not believe it was possible , after a long -continuance of peace , to keep up a great difference between the prices of this country and others . But the taxpayers , would , have ,

      continentalpricesto .. ( Hear , hear . ) . They would have the whole expenses of government brought back to what they were in lfftA-neither , a shilling more nor less . ( Hear , hear . ) - It could not be objected' to this plan , as it was to that of the hon . member for the West Riding , " that this was , ( an amount arbitrarily fixed ; for the whole of : the official salaries had beenraised on the express plea that ^ ommodities had risen . ( Hear , hear . ) Wheat , which in his memory had been £ 50 a load , was now £ 10 ; contracts had been made in the Hampshire unions Jor mutton at 3 id . a pound , and they' would have 3 i < L salaries too . ( Laughter . ) They would . haye _ the free trade-sy stem carried out m this also . ( Hear , hear ) He had no pleasure in proposing such a % .. V i _ s _ iJ , iX , « : «« ™; n . + WnnTnfiirf * habits . ' or mnaiBiuig

      tning—m " » " » " * - «~ " * . » . rrv future prospects of any individuals ; < A-few . nights aeo an hon . gentleman had . talked about an act of parliament which was togiye . coiifidence , toJr oIand : what a blessed act that , would lie ! ,., ( Heaivhear j If he could devise an act . bf parliament which should give every gentleman who ^ heard him £ 10 , 000 ayear , with nothing to do , he . should be happy : to ; propose it ¦ fLau-ht « r . ) ; But the . present system ; was . past enduranct ; and he . wanted- ; to .. relieve , the people , that they might npt be forced to relieyethcmselyes fHear hear . r One item of" expenditure he would particularly specify- ^ the " civil ; department of the army and navy ; he alluded particularly tojhe large sums that had been thrown away , now in tune of peace , to make basins for steam vessels which had nothing to do . ( Hear , hear . ) The noble lord at

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      the head ofthe government , who was prott ' v determined when he took anything in hia head , dared not and . could not reduce the . salaries , in the way thoy ought to he reduced ; unless he was forced to ' it ; ho never . could do it , unless armed witli ' a resolution of the House . ( Hear , hear . ) As to the 'colonies , he believed there never was an " abler move active ; or more zealous man than- 'Lord Grey at the head of tliati department ... . Nevertheless , the colonies were in precisely . tlie condition which was most to be regretted . . Sir Gepr ' go Murray , when ' at the' head of that department , ' in" 1 S 24 , had presented a report plainly stating . that it was '' -impossible rightly to govern the colonies excopt ; by a hoard , and calling on the House to appoint one . ' But , from that dav

      to this , nothing had been done . Adam Smith said that the ' cblotiies'had always been' ah expense to the mother countryj and that nothing but hor pride had prevented her givingthem up long ago . If there was any pride at allin the case , the mother country oug ht to . act to wards ; the , colonies in the same dignified and kind-way . that parents .: would act towards their children . ' If any of their . children wore enabled , by the advantages thoy possessed ; to establish themselves well in the world ; and independently of the father ; he rather rejoiced , - instead ^ of being jealous and . warfting ' to keep the child in continual pupilage . ( Hear , hear . ) On the other handaweak child , unable to support itself , was ever welcome to the parental' roof . "Let not tlio ' country then ' . be

      , jealous of a colony which bad-arrived at maturca <> 'e , and was inclined to take tho management of its own affairs . , ( Hear , hear . ) - 'But these coloniesmightbe made directly advantageous by : facilitating .-emigration . " to . 'them ,, by ' sending out all those unhappy young people wlio had been entirely ! educated in unions , i > y giving them a free passage and ' grahts of land .. The fault of the societies which promoted omigration was , that they exactccl too hard conditions , from the , emigrant , . and required things which the poor man could not possibly obtain . The only qualification for ah emigrant ought to he an empty mouth and an empty stomach ; '( Hear , hear . ) -The ; colonies- , would - give abundant occupation to such persons , - and this would lie :

      indirectly prphtabie tq . the mother , country , by . anaking them . better . customers then they . Were . ( Itear . ) But let hot the colonics lay'the flattering unction to their souls that tliey could ever become sugar manufacturers . ; The cano Was- indigenous-in very few p laces ; by forced prices it had been cultivated in spotswhcre . it only lasted one year . In all those grounds between the places where it was perennial , and those , where none grew at all , it was simply forced by-what was called protection , but which was in fact an expensive-way of 'manufacturing , which they . might rest _ assured was gone for ever . ( Ap-E ' lause . ) -But , ; if they ,. would encourage their laourers to . grow provisions , they " would abundantly supply this country with alt the " grain , it wanted

      and here again-it might be seen how ; impossible was thoattempt to restore the broadVtax . ' ' ( Hear . ) He could not ; too strongly , reprobate the conduct of those persons ; who were , taking : advantage of the distress of the tenant-farmer ! at this time , and running about the country , persuading them ( that if they were returned to parliament they could ' succeed in restoring a 5 s . duty . ( Hear , ' " hoar . ) He had never taken any part in that bread-tax agitation . He saw , or thought he saw , that it was . nothing but a contest between two interests , two selfishnessesthe selfishness of the landlords , and the selfishness of the cotton-lords . ( Laughter . )' Still he . ' did not say that ' all selfishness was equally bad '; for one might be , a . destructive selfishness , and ! the * other

      higlily conservative , . so long as it was necessary to raise a revenue , so long must , they have a customhouse . Disguise monopoly asthey . would , it was , in point of fact , " taking something from everybody else to put into ' the pockets ' of tho person proteetGd . ( Hear , hear . ) . Every protection ef one class of capitalists against another was wrong . ( Hear , hear . ) But there was a constant tendency of all masters to combine against their workmen ; and for this the labourer was no match . ( Boar , ' hoar . ) . The capitalist could command any market he pleased . ; but the labourer could command no market but his next door neighbour . That was the ground upon which the crown—the common parent—should . stretch forth its hand to protect them amint the canitalists

      of every kind . In other words , they should encourage by their custom-house duties the home market . When one capitalist disposed of his produce to another , he put in action another : mass of * capital ; if that other mass of capital for which he exchanged it was in the home . market , it employed another mass in that home market—in other words , it ensured employment to the home labourer instead of the foreign . ( Hear , hear . ) People were very ready to blame their rulers for extravagance , but they had quite as many little pet extravagances of their own . Had it hot been for the plea of the people , no government would have thought of abandoning tho Post-office revenue , which benefitted no one but merchants and bankers . ( Hear . ) Why did

      they throw a way an immense sum annuall y in palaces for thieves , because , instead of flogging thieves , they would teach them to spell —( laughter )—and , instead of killing murderers , they would put . a mask upon them , and make them read " The Whole Duty of Man ? " ( Great laughter . ) It was thc same with , the endeavours making to force the people to become admirers of art—pictures , palaces , statues , and no . one knew what . He would not say a word against those things if the country was overflowing with wealth ; but , in its prcsent ' statc—as . it would be improper and immoral for a private individual to waste his money in such things when it was required for other purposes—so ought they to abstain from such things at present . He almost feared

      to mention Ireland , but could not pass it- by , because , by a change in its management , the most immediate and direct saving might be made . Seeing that in Ireland they were actually incapable of finding a man guilty : who declared himself to be so with hisown mouth , he would got rid of all the foolish paraphernalia of judges , jury , and learned counsel . ( Laughter . ) Why not re-enact the . old Saxon law , which fined a barony or township for every act of outrage , and add to that a penalty for every man that was found starved to death ? ( Hoar , hear . ) This was the course which had formerly , been pursued with . Wales and . Scotland , and ,, indeed , the whole ofthe empire ; and by this course they might at once disband a very large portion of the army

      and police m Ireland , and thus obtain relief from a great burden . It was all very well to talk of shifting the burden of taxation , and of reducing salaries ; but the effect of such alterations ivould . be rather moral than material . It would be chiefly beneficial , as showing a determination on the part of the higher classes to make sacrifices for the benefit of thc people . The public debt of £ 800 , 000 , 000 began at the same ; time as the miseries of France ; it went on increasing throughout the reign of the Georges—perhaps it was incurred in the beginning" as a punishment to the country for turning off its lawful king —( laughter)—and at" last it had come to a pass which made the burden greater than any people had ever endured . He knew that

      there had been an endeavour to lighten it by throwing it on a greater . mass of tho population . What was the use of telling ' a man that he was rich because he had a large estate , when the farmer had to give four sheep in exchange instead of one , ten fleeces instead of one , three leads of wheat instead of one , arid to pay the samo amount of taxes as ho paid years ago ? The nominal amount of capital was , not necessarily commensurate with tho amount of taxation paid . All tho ministers by whom the debt was incurred had successively confessed that , unless something were done to afford relief , it must owb -hvtho ruin of the country . If they consulted parliamentary history , and especially Sir John Sinclair ' s history of the miblic"dcbt , they would find evidence of

      the to-uth of that statement . Mr . ; Pitt , continually swko of g iving indemnityfor ^ ho p ast ahd security for the future . . He ;< agrced with the Birmingham school , that the debt , had been immensely . aggravated by the bill of 1819 . The man who had understood the question best was Mr . Hicardo , who , did not think that the depreciation had taken place upon tho whole of the currency , both gold and paper ; But ! it was too late -to go . into that question how . If a person arrived , from , California to-morrow with 800 millions in gold , . and paid the whole into the Exchequer , although there would ; . in consequence , be an' immedmte revision of the great . ' mass of taxatioh , -itwas'do \ ibtful whether the . disturbances which would take place throughout the whole social

      system would not'involve an amount / of evil which wouid-morfl than , counterbalance the benefit .: ; It was of great importance that the , " reduction . ofthe debt ! should he gradual . ' The ^ cvil of the deb t was , thatlit ' was an ' enormous ; mass of capital ; locked up and unproductivb . ' ¦ There ' were only two ways of benefitting the country .: One was by bringing capital to the soil ; , the other , by supplying it to the manufacturer at alowrate of interest . . .. The general law which prevailed how ' was that the business of the kingdom , whether agricultural or . manufacturr ing , : was extended at lower rates' of 'profit . ' ' The ' mass ©^ busin ess was increased , but theprofits were diminished . ;; The landlords . ; and . . the ; farmer . s > , must have capital . at ; a lower . rate of interest ;; . mortgages must be obtained at a loweivrate of interest ;! and the market value of produce must'be raised ; . Every one would admit the importance of paying the

      public debt . ; < But where was , the money to come from ? The debt had gone pn . splohgthathebel'eved it ; never crossed their minds that they had to pay-it , - and the end would-be ,, as . Mr . Cobden said lbn ' g , ago ,, that it would blow , them up . ( Laughter . ) It was essential to the i healthy- management of our . affairs that the objectishould be effected gradually ; and the . way * in which he proposed : to ; accomplish it waaiby ! . empowering the . Chancellor , Of the Exchequer ,, and the government , to'buy . up . 'the public anhuitiesas , tliey wereoffered in'the market . ' To that he supposed the . Chancellor ofthe Exchequer wbiild' hot object . ' ( Laughter . ); iiIt !! wa 3 ;! obvious vthatatiwouldiiiot at first amount to a very great " sum . The money should be . raised- partl y bya tax uponpropert ^ - jand / partly bytae equahsatibn Of the land" tax ; ' the two together being exclusively devoted to the object . Thus proceeding , they would never have a glut of

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      capital thrown on tho market . Had that attempt , or any similar one , been made years ago , the conscquonccs . would have been , that capital would not have o-onc into Frcnchrailwnys , Spanish bonds , and elsewhere ; . -Had any gone to the colonies it would have been an ; advantage to this country : ; -. Comparatively little . wpwhl ' DOW go abroad , ainlthevcwould . be a po woi ' . ' of control i" tho hands ofthe executive . He called upon those who really felt the im portance of these financial subjects to vote for going , into committee ; and he " would observe that there : was nothing to prevent hon . members , whose views did not harmonise with his own , from tacking on to his motion any , other subjects that they wished to introduce . He conjured those who had opposed what were callod . the financial reform movements , not to be led by , thefcar that such movements were used as

      a mesh , for a covert attack on the institutions and defences , of the country , to set up a dogged opposite .. every thing ; that mi ght be proposed ; but to go into committee i where all these matters might be properly ,: discussed . Above all , he prayed those gentlemen—the few amongst them in that Housewho , knew . somcthing of the service of government , and . who . , alonojwere fitted to deaLwith-such questiqns , not to be persuaded that relief was impossible merely , because the means- of affording it had not orosso 'd their . official minds , and 'thoy could find no example in , tho recor-ls of history . ? Lot not tho Ilouse imagine tliat the . question would end ; ' there ,: or : persuade itself that any other question ! could be discussed within ;! those walls ' to ' which , the people at large looto ' d ! with so lively an ' . " . interest or upon which depended ' so much the tranquillity . of , the

      empire .. I In the'discussion that ensued the CuANCEr . i , oR of the Exchequer treated the motion with great levity and raised ; a number of objections which excited ' \ niuch laughter . " ,., .- ; . . . ; Mr . M . Gibson ( on the part of-tho Free Traders ) said- that the motion ' of the hon . ' mcmber for Surrey was uhexceptioiiable'' in . its terms ' , but , after the speech ' which had accompanied' it , it would be impossible for him to vote for it , without exposing himself to' miseonception out of doors , so replete was that . speech with principles—such as . that-which cijrifempliited the restoration of the bid postagefrom which he Wholly dissented . ' As , ' however jhe did hot desire absolutely : to ' negative the motion , he would beg leave to move the previous question , ! Col . Siimionr thousjht the motion most worthy of

      the attention of the House . ' A great deal had been said about the year 1796 , and' the salaries paid to the public servants then "; but from all he was able to learn respecting that time as compared with thc present ; he couldonly say that the men employed in carrying on ' -the public business in' 1796 were much harder worked and much better taught than cither the ministers ' of the crown , or any other class of government- ' servants , now appeared ' - to 'be ; ( Laughter . ) The Chancellor * of the Exchequer was getting too fat ; he and his collengues seemed to be glued to their places ; it was so- 'difficult'to move them . - But he would tell tho right hon . gentleman , his relative ( Sir C . Wood ) , ' that ho was the last man who ought to shrink from such an inquiry as that proposed by the'hon . member for Surrey .

      • '" Tis conscience makes cowards of us all . " And . thatho supposed was the cause of the repugnance manifested by the government to the present motion . 'He , 'however , was determined that tho whole question should bo sifted'to ' the bottom , if he could effect that •' object . The extravagant line of cohductpursuedby . sucessivo governments had been fob long permittpd to bo followed . ' It could not be changed for the ' worse . The present times required th ' e House to Io ' ok closely after the expenditure of the country . He thanked the hon . member for Surrey for having brought forward the motion . Though '

      ho differed from that hon . member on some points , he had the greatest confidence in his integrity and honour , and' he would g ive him his cordial support on ! the present occasion , in the sincere hope that success would enable ; him to unravel' the trickery , trumpery , and trash which had distinguished all recent governments , beth Whig and Tory . Mr . ConnExmade a long defence of the course which he and the so-called Financial Reform Association had pursued , aad repeated the stale fallacies of the one-sided Free Traders , and iiftcrareply from Mr . DauMMOxn the House

      divided—For the previous question 151 ! Against it . ; . . ' 100—31 Mi * . Drumniond ' s motion was therefore not put .

      MONDAY , May 14 . HOUSE OF LORDS . —Invasion of R . ome . — Lord Beaumont rose to ask certain question ' s of the Marquis of'Lan ? downe relating to the affairs of Central Italy , and began by giving a sketch of the state of the Papal Government at the ascension of Pius IX ., of the reforms attempted to be introduced by that-Pontiff ,, and of the Ministers ,, especially Count Rossi , ' whom he had selected to aid hiiii hi carrying them out . He sincerely lamented the death of Rossi —( hear , hear )—and although a feeling of joy was exhibited in Rome at the event , he must say that he had tlie strongest evidence that none of those men who ai ' terprds came into power had any participation in the fatal crime , or the expression ' s of rejoicing ' that followed it ; but ' on the contrary , they deeply lamented the

      deith of Rossi . ( Hear , hear . ) The moment he fell , the cardinals thought they might retrace their steps , and the plan fordoing so was drawn out ; but the scheme was discovered in time , and the people to a man rose against it . They did not , however , threaten the life of the Pontiff ; they said , oh the other' hand , that' they would rather die ori the steps ofhispahcethanahair of his head , should be injured . They , however ; asked him to ' send away his minister , to disband tlie Swiss regiments , and to take an bath to tlie form of government . which then existed . He'declined to assent , because it allowed laymen to propose measures ; and he was advised ! to leave Rome . ' Now , there was no doubt that . if he had done so in the face of day , no attempt , would have been made beyond entreaties to' ! prevent it ;' but , unfortunately , he left Rome in a manner which showed a want of confidence in his subjects .

      Lord Brougham here made some observation which did not reach the gallery . Lrd Beaumont resumed : He had Ihe greatest respect for what fell from the noble and learned lord generally , but . on this subject he believed it was impossible to fathom his motives . ( Loud laughter from all sides ofthe House . V . "His assertions again and again were contrary , to the facts—and he thought it would not be long before thd noble ! ahd learned lord heard that his assertions were falsehoods— .. Lord Brougham ( with great excitement ) . I rise to order . I have allowed the noble baron to go on in the most irregular manner for some time . A Noble Peeh . —It is not irregular . ,

      Lord Brougham . —I say it is most irregular . The noble baron putsa question and prefaces it with a long speech . The only . office of the speech is to make the question intelligible—but to make a long speech and refer to what was never heard of before , and to say that any noble lord ' s assertions were falsehoods , is most irregular ; and ( added the noble and learned lord , with great vehemence , leaning over the table towards Lord Beaumont ) ,. ! receive the statement , from whomsoever it comes , with the most absolute contempt . ( " Hear , hear , " and laughter . ) Lord Beaumont . —I am doing what the noble and learned lord has said I am entitled to do , lam endeavouring to make the question intelligible ; and if my preface has been longer than it otherwise would have been , it is in consequence of the noble lord's erroneous statements on this subject . !

      Lord Brougham ( with increased warmth ) . —I esk whether it is orderly for one noble lord—upon the information of an Italian , I don't know who—to accuse another peer of parliament of uttering falsehoods ? He must either retract or apologise—not to me , for I despise it ( a laugh)—but to your lordships . . Lord Beaumont- I said the statements put' forward were falsehoods , but I did not suppose that they were the falsehoods of the noble and learned lord ! ( Hear , hear . ) If I had used a milder word it would have meant the same , thing . ( A laugh . ) I might Have " used theword '' misstatement "—perhaps I ought' hot ! to have used the wOr'd" falsehood , " and 1 therefore willingly apologise ! for having used the word —( hear , hear)—but my object was to show that many . of , the statements which went : forth to the

      public were not in accordance with the ; truth . , ( Ilea >" , Jiear . ) . The noble lord then resumed , his narrative , anU having ' coh ' cluded it' asked the ' , President of the Council , whether any communication li . ad been made toour . goVerhmentby that of France of its objects and intentions in occupying : the Roinsn states ; for he could not for his life discover what , those objects and- ; intentions were ? . "What ' their , object was , whether itwas the general good of Europe , as connected with Ihe preservation of general peace ,, or the natural ambition of that great state to . play the leading part . in the . restoration ofthe Pope , or the consequence of an iagreemeht ; . with the other ; Catholic powers of Europe , he ' cbuld not tell . JQis next question , would relate fof the proceedings of Austria . He did not know that Austria had yet . violated the Romanterritory . He knew that , she had entered the states of Tuscany , but in that ca ; e ; . there . were certain arrangements which gave . Austria the Tight ; in certain contingencies ,, to interfere m , the ^ affairsi of

      Tuscany -He did not know , , he ^ repeated , . whether Amtriah ' a ' d yet violated ' the 'Roman territory , but she was ' the lastp owerfrom which , after -all- In * ' r ' cf cent-protestations against interference , he could bav « ex pected any interference in a ; struggle ] between . " a forei gn sovereign and ,. his . people .: . Another power also had ' interfered , - "the King of . ' Naples—he . ' ^ hbhad so often protested . against Sny lhterferfence b ' eween him ahd ;» is sacrificed subjebts ^ ^ ih ' Sieily . ^ Whatever might be his motives ; he had unquestionably . vjolatedithepriyileges . of an independent state ' , \ . and by marching afi ^ itvst , , Rqme ; i ha ; d committe ^ a . grave offence againsphe ( law of . nations .. ; , ^ rherefore j it was tliat he Wanted to know whe'ther any ^ ommuhicatioh had been te ' eeived by our government frbm the ' ! Kiiig of Naplesy : ag : to his'object in joinihg-in ' this ^ expedition ; and further , he wanted to know whether our government had taken any measure in concert with foreign governments on this subject , and whether it

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      remained igtionmt or approved of what had taken place ? The Marquis of Lassdowxk shortly replied to : the first question , of . Lord Bca um < nt by slating that a communication had been received from the French government , intimating that the object of the expedition to-Civitu . Yccuhia was to promote the peace of Italy , and to ¦ reestablish a constitutional and regular government at Rome . With respect to thc questions referring to the . assumed invasion of the RomnnteiTitory by Austria -and Naples , lie had to state that no communication . whatever had been made on the subject to . Her Majesty's government by the governments of _ Austria and "Naples . Of course theirlordships might anticipate , after what he had already stated , what answer he had to , give to the last , question of the noble lord , as to whether her Majesty ' s government had taken any part in promfitiiigthis tripartite invasion ; and . he had distinctly to answer that it had taken no patt in promoting or in sanctioning it .

      The Earl of Aberdeen thought the House , had a right to expect a more explicit explanation than that which thev had just heard , nor could , he conceive that tho noble Marquis could have allowed the entry of 20 , 000 French troops into Central Italy except on some definite understanding . Looking at the public declarations of French , official characters , the best thing to be hoped was that they did not speak truth , because , ! otherwise , if those declarations were to ba accepted as correct , the matter would be very sorious indeed . It was really most extraordinary that the result of that mischievous interference of II or Ma * jesty s government in the affairs of Italy which began , by the mission of Lord Minto should have bem to expose that country to French intervention , a ; : d ha could not help thinking : that' the journey ofthe noble lord had been practically more fatal than anything else could have been to the real freedom ' of

      Italy . Earl Minto declared that he had omitted no op « p « rtuuity during his journey of declaring thai however desirous-her Majesty ' s government might beof seeing : wholesome reforms introduced into Italy , yet that they would not hear of or tolerate any change as regarded'the territorial arrangements of the Treaty of "Vienna . - ' ¦ ¦ -. ' - ' Lord Bkougham said that . if the object of the noble lord ' s mission was to keep Italy free from French intervention , he certainly couid not cori ( cratu » late the government on the ultimate result . He re « membered when he was in office some years a ^ o how he was rated by politicians of the old school for the occupation of Aneona by the French , butbe must aay he thought the occupation of Rom r by tha French a much more important matter . He did noli believe from what he had seen at Paris that the French government knew . very distinctly what they meant in sending an expedition to Italy , except , perhaps " , it were to satisfy the craving of the mob foe military glory .

      -The Marquis of LoxnoxDEnnr was convinced that the great desire of the French government aurl of the President was peace . He was ¦ surprise-. ! that the noble and learned lord , who had gone to France with a very large body of Englishmen to fralt ; rnise with the population of Paris , should have spoken as he had done of that population . Lord Brougham mos * . peremptorily contradicted the story that he went to France with-a large ; body of Englishmen . He happened to land at the same time with them , bat he had no communication with any of them but once ,, and that was for the purpose of avoiding the supposition that he had anything !< j do with that most absurd expedition . ! The subject then dropped .

      Their lordships then went into committee on the Irish Rate-in-Aid Bill , and after one or two amendments had been agreed to , the bill passed througbi committee , and it was arranged that the report should be brought up on Tuesday on the understanding that there should be no discussion , and that the third reading should take place on Friday next . Their lordships then adjourned . HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Uxjusr Taxatiox . — Mr . II . Brummo . vd gave notice that , on thc first Tuesday after "Whitsuntide , ho should move tho following-resolution : —" Tliat whereas a grcatcs amount of taxation is levied upon the people than is required for thc good and efficient government of tho United Kingdom ; and whereas , large sums are expended in supporting needless places ,

      extravagant salaries , and unnecessary works and establishments ; and , whereas , the present taxation of the country depresses all classes , and especially the labouring classes , by diminishinsi tlie fund for the employmewtof productive labour , it is the opinion of the House that adequate means should be adopted to reduce the expenditure ofthe government . " Tue Irish Policy . —On the order of the day foil going into committee on the Land Improvement and " Drainage ( Ireland ) Bill being read . Mr . Roebuck tools occasion to express his opinioit ofthe policy—if he could call it by that name—pursued by thc government towards Ireland . After reviewing thc state into which Ireland had been , thrown by the famine , and the opportunity which then offered for alleviating the condition of the

      people of that country , an opportunity which the go * vornment had permitted to pass unimproved , the honourable and learned gentleman developed hia views as to the real causes of Irish misery , read some severe lectures to tho Irish proprietors , and animadverted upon tho bill on which it was soughfi to go into committee . Like the sums which had already been voted for Ireland , that now proposed to . be advanced would not be applied bona fide to the maintenance ofthe Irish people , but to the maintenance of thc Irish proprietors . The doles which had been already made had been shamefully misapplied , all classes in Ireland , from the highest tothe lowest , scrambling for'them in the most barefaced manner . The animus of the Irish members had been developed by Mr . Reynolds , when ho said

      that he wanted to have a " pull at the Exchequer . " It was to have a pull at thc Exchequer that thoy came there , but , so far as he was concerned , they would not be gratified . This bill proposed another * pull at the Exchequer , and as such he opposed it . it was part and pnreel of a mischievous policy , which su 9 tained the Irish proprietary under the guise of benefitting the Irish people . The Exchequer , at ^ Y mch another pull was proposed , was filled from the hard earned wages of the English people and he could not avoid taking the first opportunity that offered to raise his voice against tho "rapacious desires of an idle , wasteful , and extravagant ; landed proprietary . " The Irish landlords were not the real , but the nominal proprietary of Ireland . The land , of rig ht , belonged to the mortgagees , and

      tho mere nominal owners should no longer remain an incubus upon it ; Let theni cease to he called and to act as Irish landlords , and descend into thc simple character of Irishmen , earning an honest livelihood by their hands . and heads . The charity of thisr country had been egrgriously misapplied in Ireland . Those who should have been the almoners of the poor in Ireland appropriated to themselves , in the most rapacious spirit , the charities of this country . Unless the government put a stop to this , the sources of charity in this country would be speedily dried up . The honourable and learned gentleman , proceeded to dilate still further upon the rapacity and immoralities of the Irish landlords , and on his resuming his seat , Mr . John O'Connell and Sir II . Barron sprung to their feet to reply .

      Mi . John O'Co . s ' . veia observed ; tliat although the thunderbolt had' fallen , Irishmen wore not struck : down . Thoy had heard for weeks that thc bolt wa 3 in preparation for them , and'in hurling it thc honourable and learned gentleman had accompanied the effort with tho . " grimaces of a mountebank , and ^— " But here Mr . O'Connell was called to order , and sat down . ... ^ he Speaker informed him that he had made use , of an unparliamentary expression , which he musfc retract .

      Mr . J . O'Connell retracted the expression , and in reply to Mr . Roebuck ' s charge . of immorality , which was indiscriminately launched against tha whole Irish people , asked if there were any child murders in Ireland for the sake of burial fees ? If there wore any Irishmen in the Guards whom it was dangerous for a man to approach at ni ght in a sentry box ? If there were any poisoners or procurers ot abortion in Ireland ; or political economists preaching horrible doctrines ? ' Sir n , " \ V . Barkok followed briefly . m support of the bill , defending the conduct of the Irish landlords , and avoiding personalities . - . . . Lord John KyssELL observed that . Mr . 'Roebuck reminded liim of Baron Munchausen ' s horn , which had been frozen , up , but emitted sweet sounds when it had ! anoppbrtunitybf thawing ' After the many Irish debates which , they had had that session , tho honourable and learned gentlomah was mistaken ia thinking that there was any very great relish for them now . The noble lord then brieflydefended the

      , bill . !; ' Mr . Hoksman then attacked the general conduct of the government in . reference' to the distribution , of the ' inbriies Voted for Ireland '" . Sir . G . 'GhEy defended . ' the government against this attack' which he treated as altogether wide of thequestion raised b y the bill . ; Mr . Keogii , replied ' very , indignantl y to Mr . Roebuck , who . had already thrice raised his voice in the House in tones of censure—; . ¦' . ' '¦"' .. '

      ' " I ; . ' •' . Thrice the brindled cat had mewed . " Many ofthe Irish members attacked had been absent ; andhe . trusted'that the ' - 'ri ' ext' tithe 'that the honourable and ; learned gentleman-indulged in the '' green bitter vein ; ' which pervaded every inch of R \ "Pdy , " he ; would , havb the-courtesy and the manliness to do so in 'p resence of > those whom ho attacked ' - ¦ -lie was ; surprised ' that Lord' - John Russell had not , ' hvthe ¦ slightest degree / interfered between' the . Irish memb * 0 rs :-ai ? d tho daunts of the hoimurable ' and leathed- ' -gentleman ;' ' . Instead of doing , this , " the nohle "" lord Jhad'thrown outta taunt ' of his- ' own , ' by' alluding ' ¦ 'to the we ' arisomhess ' aiid frequency of Irish debates . If he wanted a reason for their frequency , it wo ' uld be found in the piecemeal and patchwork legislation of the government . Mr . Roebuck was not , after all , so desperate BO

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), May 19, 1849, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_19051849/page/7/