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Northern Star (1837-1852), 18th September 1852, Edition 2 of 2, Page 9, Hotels is CorttSMitkiife

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      Justice—Immutable, Universal, Eternal ! ...

      E Europe who cajoled the people back to slavery ; but the charge , o of 4 i excess" is disproved even by the writer who makes it , for hhc savs » " True it is that the Democray was everywhere I c clement when everywhere triumphant . " A nearer approach to n accuracy , at all events , attempts to seek it are as much needed \ o on the part of the editor of the " Leader " as by the editor of the . . « Daily News . " Regretfully , but earnestly , I appeal from the calumnies of the * ;• Leader ^ to the good sense of its readers and the democratic i miblie generally . That paper lias insulted a noble cause and t mitra l a body of men who have the strongest claims upon ( fraternal sympathy and protection . The " Leader" has j jiitlicrto enjoyed the reputation of being an organ of

      Demo-( cracv and Liberalism , ana to let its attacks pass unquestioned i would be to render British Democrats and Socialists as culpable , aS the " Leader" itself in the eyes of the libelled and the ¦ pronged . Criminal and dastardly would be silence under such circumstances . I , for one , no matter , nickname or sneer , protest . As an Englishman and a Republican , I Protest asainst the mendacious , calumnious , and brutal attack of the " ' Leader' " ' upon the European Revolutionists , the exiles and their holy cause : and upon their traducer I invoke the judgment of my countrymen . L'AMI DO PEUPLE .

      September 18,1852. The Gtar 0f Freedom. ...

      September 18 , 1852 . THE gTAR 0 F FREEDOM . 89

      Ad00909

      LECTURES !!! G ERALD MASSEY will deliver Lectures on the following subjects : — " Illustrious instances of the Toiler-Teacher , or the Hero as Worker . " '' An Evening "with our Living Poets . " 'The . curse of Competition and the beauty of Brotherhood . " " John Milton : his Character , Life , and Genius . " " Russell Lowell , the American Poet . " ' The Weal of Democracy . " •' The Ballad Poetry of Ireland . " " Mesmerism aud Clairvoyance , with practical Demonstrations . " "The writings of Wordsworth , and their influence on the Age . " •' American Literature , with pictures of transatlantic Authors . " ^ - terms , apply to Gerald Massey , 56 , Upper Charlotte-street Fitzrov-square , London .

      Hotels Is Corttsmitkiife

      Hotels is CorttSMitkiife

      Letters To The Editor. All Communication...

      Letters to the Editor . All communications intended for publication , or notice , in the Star of Freedom , must be addressed to G . Julias Harxey , 4 , Brunswick How , Queen ' s Square , Bloomsbury , London . * ^ - Correspondents will oblige by writing on one side only of their letter-paper ; and by forwarding their communications as early as possible in the week . Orders for the Star op Freedom .

      In consequence of new publishing arrangements , each of our Agents will oblige by henceforth giving his orders for the Star of Freedom through his ordinary London publisher , by whom he is supplied with other London Newspapers . Those agents in the habit of sending cash ( or stamps ) with their orders , may have their papers from Mr . Jons Phillip Crjktz , Publisher , 2 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London .

      No Credit can be given . The Star oflreedom will henceforth be published at No . 2 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London .

      Received.—Lamb Andheald, Wakefield; Mr.F...

      Received . —Lamb andHeald , Wakefield ; Mr . Frazer , Torquay ; J . tteddos , Cardiff . tin t-Moxies received for the Refugees—J . de Logan , Liverpool . 6 d . ; William Whitehead , Braco , 2 s . European Freedom Fusd . —Monies received . TV . Uoottan , Is . ; William Whitehead , Braco , Is . Halifax . —We are requested to state that the sum temporarily abstracted from the pocket of the pot-house patriot hy his ladye-love , was U 5 s ., and not £ 5 4 s ., as stated iu the police report . James Graham , Dundee .-Many thanks for your letter ; you shall hear from us hy post . Progressio . Manchester . —The poems shall have our early

      attention . . ., W . Whitehead , Braco . —Many thanks for your letter ; , you shall hear from us in a day or two . A Republican . —Your suggestion we thoroughly agree with ; hut circumstances for the moment prevent our carrying xt out as we would wish and mean to do . Ax old Chartist —It is impossible to find room for your communication this week .

      Sub-Publ1shlrs Of The « Star Of Freedom....

      SUB-PUBL 1 SHLRS OF THE « STAR OF FREEDOM . " notice to readers axd tub trade . The following Booksellers and News-agents undertake to supply the London Trade with copies of the Star oflrecdom : Mr ! Tickers , liolywell-street , Strand . Mr . Purkiss , Gompton-street , Soho . Mr . Clements , Little Pulteney-street , Soho . Mr . Nye , Theobald ' s-road . Mr . Truelove , John-street , Fitzroy-square .

      Mr . Cox , Drury-lane . Mr . Parkinson , Wilsred-street , Soiners ' Town . Mr CafiVn , Oxford street , Mile End , Old Town . Mr . Mathias , 80 , Broad-street , Ratclift * . Mr . Fellowes , George ' s Circus , Blackfnars-road . Mr . Harris , Blackfriars-road . Mr . Coulson , Playhouse-yard , WMtecross-street , St . Luke s Mr . Baker , Providence-place , Kentish Town . Mr . Steele , Clerkenwell-green . Mr . Brown , Charlotte-place , Goodge-street . Mr . Cooper , Trafalgar-road , Greenwich .

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      Saturday, September 18, 1852. Irish Tena...

      SATURDAY , SEPTEMBER 18 , 1852 . IRISH TENANT BIGHT . Agitations and agitators have been the curse of Ireland . Sot that we arc adverse to agitation , for we consider it to be tlic best , nay , the only means by which , in this country at the present time , any great principle can be effectually impressed upon the public mind . But we entirely disapprov e of any attempt to awaken the enthusiasm of a nation for a measure which is destitute of a great princi p le , which has in

      Saturday, September 18, 1852. Irish Tena...

      it nothing of really national importance . Any such attempt is a ' great evil , calculated to do immense injury to the people upon winch it is practised , and to very materially retard the nation ' s real progress , inasmuch , as the measure , even when carried , being found by no means worthy of the national enthusiasm that has been called forth , or the national efforts that have been made to ensure its success , the people arc discouraged ; they become ashamed of agitation in any cause , and remain cold and apathetic , even in the presence o f political and social principles of the most vital importance to the entire nation , and , indeed , to all the nations .

      We arc inclined to think that the new Tenant-right movement inaugurated at Dublin , last week , is one calculated to be injurious to the interests and to the political and social freedom of the people , both of Great Britain and of Ireland . We have been unable to discover , cither in the Tenant Right Bill of Mr . Si-iakmax Cbawjtord , or in the speeches or resolutions at the Conference , any enumeration of a principle at all meriting the support o f the masses of the Irish people . The f ollowing may be taken as an analysis of the principal points of Mk . Sjiarman Crawford ' s Bill , according to the exposition of it , adopted by the Dublin Conference . 1 . —Protection , of law to those tenants who have made

      improvements on their farms , and , by that protection , encouragement to those tenants who have yet made no improvements , to do so . 2 . —That all such improvements shall be absolutely and exclusively the property of the tenants . . 3 . —That as agricultural improvements arc usually made by the tenant , they should be held in law to be his property , unless the contrary be shown .

      4 . —That no tenant shall be evicted or his rent raised , without his receiving compensation for the improvements he has made , and also for the loss consequent upon compulsory removal to another farm . 5 . —That a tenant shall be legally entitled to sell his interest in the farm to anv solvent tenant , and that the landlord shall be bound cither to accept this purchaser , or pay to the original tenant the full value of the improvements made by him .

      6 . —That a tenant finding himself to be paying more rent than the yearly value of his farm , without the improvements he himself has made upon it , may intimate to his landlord the rent he considers - he ought to pay , and in the event of the landlord refusing such rent , a valuation by arbitrators shall bo made of the improvements , and of the hind without the im provements , and if the landlord refuse to accept of such rent as the arbitrators shall fix , he shall be compelled to accept the tenant ' s surrender , and to compensate him for the improvements he has made .

      7 . —That this decision of arbitrators shall hold good , during a period o f years , say fourteen , and no question as to rent to be raised by either party during that time . 8 . —That the tenant shall not be entitled to claim compensation for any other improvements than such as arc suited to his form , such as are unsuitcd to his farm he may remove . 9 . —That arc-valuation shall be made of all farms taken during the existence of the Corn-laws , since the repeal of those laws greatly diminished the value o f land , and rent should be lowered in like proportion . 10 . —That no landlord shall be allowed to evict a tenant for

      a reasonable time after the passing of the Tenant Right law , so long as he pays a fair rent , the amount of which shall also be determined by arbitrators . 11 . —That tenants shall be enabled to compound for their present arrears by means of the same tribunals . 12 . —That in all districts where the tenant-right custom has hitherto prevailed , tenants may enforce such custom through the tribunals created by the Tenant-right act . However beneficial " to the tenant class these propositions may be , there is in them nothing of value to the nation at large , and it is therefore that we object to this tenant-right agitation , which is purely a class one , being brought forward as a national Question .

      So far . f rom this Bill of Mk . Sharman Crawford ' s or any other scheme of tenant-right conducing to the interest of the nation at large , we believe it to be entirely the reverse . Undoubtedly landlordism has been Ireland ' s greatest curse , but will this precious scheme of the Irish agitators remove it ? We have no hopes that it will . It would certain !}' , were the bill passed into a law , prove very advantageous to the

      tenantclass , inasmuch as it would convert them into so many petty landlords ; but we have no good reason for supposing that it would end the misery of the mass of the Irish population , who arc not tenant farmers , nor likely to become such . Considering the many and fresh evils which landlordism has already entailed upon Ireland , it seems a very strange remedy for her ills , to create a new and much more numerous class of sirailarlv irresponsible tyrants .

      fcnant-Right for tenants is a very fine thing , certainly , kit what of the right of the peasantry—the right of the men bv whose labour , rent and " improvements" and the wealth ^ of landlords and tenant- f anners , aspiring to be landlords , is alike produced ? Wc hear of no " Conference , " with its muster of M . P . ' s , to press their claims upon the attention o f the legislature . That , however , is not so difficult to account for . _ They have no votes , they have no representatives in the legislature to make their voices heard in the battle between landlords

      and tenant-farmers . If they had , we might hear of a ngat superior to landlord-right or tenant-right , the right of every man to his share in that earth which God has given to mankind / witho ut discrimination of persons or classes . This is the only right to the soil which we recognize , the right of all , and the legalising of which right only , ought to be the object of a national agitation . Conference \ he Times

      In a loading article on the Dublin , savs " The great nuisance and difficulty in Ireland is , that when you have shot your landlord , another starts _ up in the shape of a son , or nephew , or mortgagee , or something of that sort . This makes landlord shooting after all , an unsatisfactory sport in Ireland , for a landlord is , in fact , a Hydra ; you never know when you have shot them all off . The object , then , is to get at the root of th & matter , and to extirpate land-

      Saturday, September 18, 1852. Irish Tena...

      lordism altogethei . " Precisely so , good Times That is exactly the object of those wholiavcthe freedom and the welfare of the people more at heart than mere selfish agrandisement . But it is by no means clear that this is the object of the gentlemen who are the chiefs , and constitute the directing body of the Irish Tenant Right agitation . Their object rather is , as wc before said , to create a new landlord class . The Tenant-rightcrs seem to have some faint glimmering of the great truth that the right of men to the means of life , is superior to the « right" of property in land , and it is just possible that the most advanced thinkers among them may

      say , that the legislature , in its character of the representative of the nation , has the right to violate the privileges of landlordism , when those privileges are found to be not conducive to the welfare of the mass of the people . This is a somewhat awkward admission for free-trading M . IVs ., for it is patent to all who have paid any attention to the subject , that landlordism itself is altogether incompatible with the welfare of the mass of the people , and if the legislature has a right to dispossess landlords of any of their privileges or property , because detrimental to the ' interests o f the people , it cannot but have the same right to abolish landlordism altogether , when that is proven to be thus detrimental .

      They must always return in the end to the great fund - mental principle . *—the equal right of all men to the soil . Based on this great principle alone can any agrarian change be beneficial to the nation at large . No tenant-right-tinkering will do . Wc have already had enough of class-agitations and class measures , and our agitations must be national or they will not stand . Let no one say that Tenant-Right would be an instalment of the debt due to the people , wrenched from

      the landlords . Wc arc heartily sick of the immoral system of dealing justice by " instalments . " But even were it otherwise , we cannot look upon such a measure as this bill of Crawford ' s and Siiee ' s as a payment to the people , but rather the reverse . It would create a largo number of petty landlords , and by thus increasing the number of those interested in the conservation of things as they arc , indcfinatcly dofcr the cession of justice to all . '

      In this question of Tenant-Right , the duty of the British as of the Irish Democracy is clear . They cannot conscientiously aid in obtaining the enactment of a measure calculated to prolong the reign of agrarian inequality and social injustice . It should be ^ their care rather , that every man should gain the Suffrage , in order that every man may obtain social justice bv using his political power to Nationalize the Lakd .

      •Justice For The Miners. " The Recklessn...

      • JUSTICE FOR THE MINERS . " The recklessness of the miners" has been a favourite theme with the press , when necessitated to comment on the catastrophes by which thousands have been hurled to the tomb . It has been customary for the coal-pit proprietors , their managers , and " viewers , " to attribute nearly every explosion to the callous indifference and foolhardincss of the workers , and the press has echoed and re-echoed the plausiblelooking imputation . If this charge of " recklessness" had been well-founded , what wonder ? Has not the poor miner been left , generation after generation , to grow up , live , labour , and die , untaught , imcared for by his " master" growing

      wealthy by his toil , the State growing wealthy by his contributions to the commonweal , and Society is greatly indebted to his industrial heroism ? He has been left in absolute ignorance of that knowledge which Science sheds upon his perilous calling , but which has been shed in vain for him ; and as regards ordinary commonplace " education , " if at some wretchedly conducted Sunday-school he has obtained the merest rudiments of reading and writing , he may deem himself fortunate . His " education " at the best , " hath this p . x selt fortunate . His ' education " at the best" hath this

      ex-- ^ , tent , no more . " True , there are not wanting a feiv superiorminded men who rise superior to the trammels of circumstances , and by self-education achieve admission to the temple of knowledge . But they are exceptions to the general rule . It is to the credit of the Parliamentary Committee , that in their Report , they urge the necessity of extending education both among the working miners and managers , and insist that " viewers" and others , to whom is committed the guardianship of life and property , shall be rigidly tested as to their educational qualifications , before being appointed to offices of such serious responsibility .

      Probably among the workers in mines , familiar as they are with danger and death , there are some individunls who have too little thought of their own and their follow-workers safety ; just as on railways , a reckless engine-driver may here and there be found . But it is no more true of miners , than of engine-drivers , as a body , that they arc careless and indifferent to the safety of their own and other people ' s lives . In allusion to the imputation of " recklessness , " the Committee remark , that the miners arc keenlv alive to the danp-nrs nf remans , mat tne miners arc keenly alive to the dangers of

      their employment , as evinced both by representatives to the Committee , and by petition to Parliament after this testimony , it is to be hoped that the newspapers will give up their stereotyped accusation , or otherwise accuse the really guilty those who like the managers of the Aherdarc Vallev Colliery , pav no heed to the warnings addressed to them " , but , though having the power to remedy the evil , neglect to do so , and thereby risk the lives of the workers , and the happiness of their families .

      In the course of the Report there is an argument , nominally on the side of humanity , addressed to the cupidity of the coalpit proprietors . The Committee observe : — " It shall not be : forgotten by the coal proprietors that the unhcalthiness of ; some mines , together with the danger of explosion , greatly - enhances the rate of wages they must pay , so long as their : workmen have to encounter such evils ; while the removal of f those evils , on the other hand , must tend ere long to reduce the & rate of wages in collieries more to a level with that of labour- - ers in ordinary occupations : ' This Manchester school argu- - ment is the great blot upon the Committee ' s Report . It t reminds us of the argument oft-times addressed to the slave- :-owners of America , that they would find free , cheaper than n slave labour . That is to say , British philanthropists , having g

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 18, 1852, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_18091852/page/9/