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    2to6s 15, 1845. THE NORTHERN STAR. - ' '...

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    /otttxomiws; #totmffs;

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    Westminster.—Clock-House.—The members of...

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    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    by a squint , "When he approached the bar he was -rerypale , and l ooked anxious but * £ *** *> thnidfty or nervousness , and on being asked by the derfof the assize ( after the reading of the indictment * . which contained but one w ^ t , charging hun with having caused the deafli of Sarah Hart on the 1 st of last January , by giving her poison ) , "How say von are von guilty with respect to that murder or Jot ' guilty ? " he replied in a firm and audible tone , « ' 2 Jot guilty . " ^ H aving also pleaded "Not guilty" to the same di arge upon the coroner ' s inquisition , The jury was sworn , after a challenge by Mr . O'JJalley on behalf of the prisoner of thirteen names .

    Mr . Serjeant Biles , addressing the gentlemen of the jury , began by saying , —You have heard from the derk of the assize that the prisoner at the bar stands indicted for themost serious crime known to the law .-the crime of wilful murder . I rejoice that upon the present occasion the prisoner , as the law now stands , may have the benefit of being defended by counsel , and that he will have the assistance of my learned Mend , than whom the bar of Europe could not give him greater . In cases of this hisd you are not to expect direct and positive evidence . Neman who meditates the crime of assassination by poison fails to take some precaution so that , at all events , direct or demonstrative evidence of the fact shall be inaccessible . No eye sees death poured into the cup ,

    save that which is All-seeing , and in every place . All that a human tribunal can do is to gather together the circumstances of the case , and from those circumstances to ibnu as just and conscientious a judgment as is possible for fallible mortals to do . The prisoner at the bar formerly carried on the business of a chymlst and druggist . He had the misfortune several yfiars ago to lose his first wife . Shortly before her death the deceased , Sarah Hart , then a young woman somewhere about thirty years of age , entered into bis . service , and I shall show you l » y evidence , which I need not open in detail , the nature of the acquaintance whieh subsisted between her and the prisoner , and that when she left his service she was in the family way . She lived first

    after quitting his service at a place called Crawfordstreet , London , where I shall show you that the prisoner was in the habit of visiting her . She lived afterwards at Paddington-green , thence removed to Slough , and for some time previous to her death was living at Bath-place , which consists of four small cottages , forming one detached building . Bath-place stands upon the Great Western-road , about a quarter of a mile beyond the Windmill public-house , whieh is kept by a person named Botham . In the end house , towards London , lived Mrs . Ashley ; in the nest the deceased , Sarah Hart , the mother of two children , who was living there with them , and who , as it will appear to you in the course of the case , was entirely dependent on the prisoner for her support ,

    and whom he was in the habit of visiting at Bathplace , - and supplying with money . The prisoner himself has recently resided at Bcrkhampstead in circumstances of apparent ease and affluence . He married no long time since a second wife—a lady to whose deep misfortune no man can allude without feelings of commiseration . I shall show you that , notwithstanding the apparent ease and respecta bility of his circumstances , he was at the time this occurrence took place by no means in such circumstances . I shall call Ms banker ' s clerk to show you that at this moment he had overdrawn bis account . You will f nd that he was in the constant habit of visiting Sarah Hart , that she was dependent anon him for money , and that he found himself in

    this position , —that money must be supplied , or that what would otherwise besecret mustbecomeapparent , xamcly , the nature of his connexion with this person . On the 1 st of January , in the present year , I shall show you that the prisoner was at the Jerusalem Coffee-house , Cornhill , London , the waiter of which he told , about the middle of the day , that he was going to dine at the west end of the town , and desired that his great-coat should be left for him on his return about nine o ' clock . He did not proceed to the west end of the town , but lo the station of the Great Western Railway , by the four o ' clock train of which railway he proceeded to Slough . On arriving at Slough , he went to the residence of Sarah Hart , at Bath-place ; and it will appear that after he had been a short time with her

    she went by his direction to the Windmill publichouse for a bottle of porter . It is important to bear in mind that she was at that moment perfectly well and In Tory good spirits . Having bought the porter , she borrowed a corkscrew , and brought both home with her to Bath-place . I shall call a person who spoke to her on her way back , from whose testimony vou will learn that she was then perfectly well . Very shortly after her return Mrs . Ashley , the person who resided in the next house , being seated at work before a candle , heard a noise in the room of Sava . li Hart . I should observe to you that these cottages consist each of two very small rooms on the ground floor . . Mrs . Ashley heard in her neighbour ' s apartment a moan or stilled scream . She laid down her

    work ; the noise continued , - she became very much alarmed , and , taking up the candle went to the door , and proceeded down the path leading from the cottage to the road ; but before she reached the gate she saw the prisoner approaching the gate which tcminated a similar path from the cottage of Sarah Hart . Mrs . Ashley will tell you that at this moment the moans of the deceased were distinctly audible . The prisoner went to the gate ; he trembled , appeared gr eatly agitated , and had much difficulty in opening the gate , which , I believe , Mrs . Ashley , who had reached it by this time , assisted him in Opening , saying "What is ihe matter with my neighbour ; 1 am afraid she is ill ? " the moans of Sarah Hart being distinctly audible . The prisoner

    made no answer , but passed out of the gate and proceeded towards Slough . 3 Irs- Ashley , in consequence df the noise , went np to Sarah Hart ' s house , and turning round , saw the prisoner going down the road . She then went into the house , and observed in Sarah Hart ' s room just before the fire-place a small table and on it a bottle of porter open , and partly drunk , also two tumblers , one of which was next the window and towards the chair upon which Sarah Hart had apparently been silting . In one of these tumblers there was some froth , in the other there was porter or porter and water , it is not quite certain which . The deceased , Sarah Hart , was lying on the floor ; her cap was off , aud her hair hanging down . Her dolhos were np to her knees ; one stocking was down ,

    and one shoe off . She was still continuing the moaning noise which I have described to you . Mrs . Ashley went up to her and asked her what was the matter , and raised her head np , but the deceased was unable to speak . Mrs . Ashley called in two neighbours , and some water was brought . Eventually , Mr . Champneys , a surgeon , was sent for . He felt her pulse and said he thought he could discover one or two beats . She moved her tongue or jaw a little . Mr . Champneys put his hand under her clothes to feel her heart , but he could discover no pulsation . She was clearl y dead . In the meantime , I shall show yon , gentlemen , that the prisoner , who had gone out of the house , was going on quickly towards the railway station . He came that day from

    London , and was about to return , and did return ; but instead of staying at the station then , he got into an omnibus to go to Eton , Eton being ffl a direction away from the station . He was asked By the driver wher e he desired to he set down in Eton . He replied , " At Herschell-house . " "Oh , " said the driver , "Herschell-house is along way this side of Eton . " It appears that it is in Slough , a few hundred yards from the station . He , however , rode a short distance , and was set down at Herschell-house , where it appeared he had no business , for on getting up to the door he proceeded to walk on towards Eton . The omnibus went on in the same direction . "What became of him in the interval we do not know , but be certainly went back to the

    station , and took a place in a first-class carriage for London . At that time suspicion became attached to the prisoner . Another gentleman of the name of Champneys- —the Rev . Mr . Champneys—was there , and suffered Mm to depart . But as soon as he was goise Mr . Champneys communicated his suspicions to the person who conducts the * clectric telegraph . A signal was made to the station in London that a person was in the first-class carriages who ought to he watched . Quick as the train went , the signal was there long before the train arrived at the London terminus , a policeman was on the platform , and as soon as the prisoner got out of the carriage the policeman saw him get into an omnibus , and , putting on a plain coat over hispolice dress , he stepped up behind the omnibus with the conductor . The omnibus proceeded to the Bank , wherethe prisoncrgot out , the policeman taking 6 d . from him . He went forward to

    thelVellingtonstatue , turned round , looked back , and then went to the Jerusalem Coffee-house , in CornhiH , anumquiredfor thecoatwHchlhave mentioned in the early part of my statement . The waiter gave hint the coat , and he then went from Cornhill down urece church-street to London-bridge , and over that TO another coffee-house in the Borough , the policeman still watching him , and taking care , of course , tluit he sliojild not be observed . The prisoner stayed there auout half an hour . lie then came out , and retraced his steps over London-bridge , and wentdown J- annon street , to a lodging-house in Scoitfs-yard , * ept h y a persou of t ] ie name of rjugbe ^ who is , I oejieve , a member of the Soeietv of Friends . The policeman having waited half-an-kour , and finding inatme pTKouer did not come out of the lodgingnouse , went » way . The next morning further intelligence was received from Slouch , and the police

    man , taking another officer with hini , proceeded to the house m Scott ' s-yard . He found that the prisoner had left the house ; and he then went to the Jierusaiem Cofiee-house , in Cornhill , where he found the prisoner , and said to him , "I believe you were down at Slough yesterday ? " The prisoner denied it . He said he knew nobody at Slough , and iad not been there . "You must be mistaken , " said he , in the identity ; my station in life places me above suspicion . " The officer , however , took the prisoner into custod y , and took him down to Salt-hill , where he was handed over to the custody of Perkins , the superintendent of the Eton nolice . He stent

    thai . night m Perkins ' s house . On the next day , at dinner , some conversation took place about Sarai Hart ; and to that conversation , gentlemen , 1

    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    invite your attention . It was in the presence of two witnesses , who will be called to establish it . The prisoner said , "That wretehed and unfortunate woman once lived in my service for nearly two years and a half . 1 suppose you did not know that , Perkins ? " Perkins said he had heard so , but was not certain about it . The prisoner added—* ' Sho left me about five years ago . She was a good servant when she lived with me . She has often sent to me for money . ' . ' The prisoner was cautioned to mind what he said , as it would be taken down and used against him as evidence . He replied , that he had no objection to that . He was asked if he had the deceased ' s letters . He said he did not keep letters of that sort . "I was pestered"he said , " with letters from her

    , when I was in London , and I determined to give her no more money . She was a bad woman—a very bad woman . She sent me a . letter , threatening to do something . She said she would make away with herself if I did not give her any money . I went down to her house and told her 1 would hot give her any more money . She then asked me to give her a drop of porter . She had a glass , and I had a glass . She held in her hand over the glass of stout a very small phial , not bigger than her finger , and said , 'I will , 1 will ! ' She poured something out of the phial into the stout , and drank part of it and did so— " and then the prisoner described her manner by signs . He continued , "She then lay down on the rug , and I walked out . I should not have gone out , if I thought

    she had been in earnest ; I certainly should not have left her . " Kow , gentlemen , you will observe , that in this conversation the prisoner expressly states that she took something out of a small phial at that time in his presence . Gentlemen , this conversation took plate at Perkins's house . We will now revert , if you please , to the scene at Salt-hilL By direction , of the coroner a post mortem examination took place the next day , I believe , after the death of the woman . You will hear what was the nature of thatposS mortem examination more in detail from the surgeons . But it is necessary lor me to tell you , in the first place , that the surgeons could not discover any external injury to accountlbr death . They examined the'brain ; there was no appearance of anything in the brain which could have produced death . In the same manner they examined the lungs , and found nothing but an old adhesion , which , they will tell you , is quite

    consistent with perfect health , and is very common . It had nothing to do with the death of the deceased . They examined her heart , and found it perfectly healthy ; and so were the intestines . There was nothing , so far as they could form an opinion , to show that death had resulted from external injury or from internal causes . In opening the body one of the surgeons thought he smelt prussic acid , but the other could not discover anything of the kind . Either it did or it did not exist ; I will not pretend to say which . Probably the surgeons will not . But certainly when they came to examine the stomach they could discover no smell of prussic acid ; but inasmuch as it appeared to them clearly that deceased had not died from either external injury or internal causes , they came to the conclusion that she had died by poison of some kind or other ; and in order that the contents of the stomach should

    be known , they took them to a scientific chemist in London , who submitted them to a chemical examination . At the time the surgeons conjectured that the woman had died through swallowing oxalic acid . Tests for that poison were applied , and none were discovered . Tests were also applied for sulphuric acid , for opium , for various mineral poisons , and for prussic add . Sulphate of copper and nitrate of silver were used . I am not competent to describe fully the nature of all the tests that were applied ; but the surgeons satisfied themselves upon that occasion that prussic acid had been the cause of death . They found prussic acid in the stomach , and that it produced what they will tell you is an infallible test of its presence , the " Prussian blue . " Gentlemen , at this

    time it was not known , and it will be very important for you to bear this in mind , thattheprisoner had had any ' prussic acid at all . There was no reason at that time to attribute death to the influence of prussic acid , except what had been found in the stomach . Subsequently the remainder of the stomach was taken to Air . Cooper , and it was tried by sulphate of iron , nitrate of silver , and cyanide of silver , and prussic acid was clearly proved to exist . Mr . Cooper was now able to say , observing the contents of the two portions of the stomach , that in the stomach there were not fewer than hfty grains of prussic acid , according to the strength of the prussic acid of the "London Pharmacopoeia . " But , gentlemen , of all poisons , this is the most volatile , being subject

    to evaporate most rapidly , inhaled while living , and absorbed by the tissues after death . The quantity is equal to one grain of pure prussic acid , which ia quite enough to cause death . This poison is so subtle and so energetic , that a single drop of the pure acid placed upon the tip of a rod and put into the mouth of any small creature—a bird or a do ^ , would cause almost instant death . About two-thirds of a graina grain and a drop I am told are nearly synonymous terms—of pure prussic acid , has been known to kill as many as seven adults one after the other . Before the residue of the contents of the stomach had been brought out the knowledge of the fact I am about to state was acquired , though it was not known when the first prussic acid was found in the stomach .

    Owing to the publicity which things of this kind naturally obtain , it was discovered that , on the Wcduesday ^ whcn the alleged murder was committed , the prisoner had been to the shop of a chemist in Bishopsgate-street and asked for two drachms of Scheele ' s prussic acid . Butthat strengthens the case I have described . He said he wanted it for an external injury . He brought a bottle with him with a glass stopper , but the shopman gave him another bottle , which was labelled for him , and he took it away with him on the day he left London . I shall show you that he was again at the chemist ' s shop on the Thursday , the day after he slept at the lodginghouse ; and that he then said he had lost the bottle he had before , and obtained the bottle which ho had

    originally brought and left there . Now , gentlemen , that is an outline of the material facts which will be laid before you with respect to this attempt on the life of the deceased . But there is other evidence , wliich I think and fear will induceyou to believe that this is not the first attempt whieh has been made by the prisoner upon the life of the deceased . It will appear to you that , towards the end of September , or the beginning of October last —the witness will fix the date—that a person of the name of Charlotte Hoard , who is , I believe , in service with a family in this neighbourhood , was staying with Sarah Hart . It was late in the evening , about seven o ' clock , that the prisoner then visited the deceased . It will be proved to you that Mrs . Hart , upon that

    occasion , was perfectly well , and that the prisoner requested Mrs . Hoard togotoBotham ' shouse , the Windmill , at Salt-hill , to purchase a bottle of porter . She did so ; and took it home , and left it on the table . Not very long afterwards the prisoner went away ; Mrs . Hoard heard the front door of Mrs . Hart's house shut as he went out . She then saw the deceased ; her cap was untied , and she looked dreadfully ill . She complained of being violently sick , of a severe pain in the head ; and she retched aud vomited very much . Upon the table thirteen sovereigns were lying ; and it is a circumstance which ought not to escape attention , that she was too ill to see after that money . It was left loose Oil

    the table , she being so ill as to be compelled at once to go to bed . She was dreadfully sick in the night . The witness Hoard will declare that she threw up above a hand-basin full , and was obliged to keep her bed all day . She complained of great giddiness , and heat in the throat . She attributed these sensations , as did the woman whom I shall call before you , to the porter ; there being no suspicion at that time , as I am hound to tell you , that these effects were caused by anything deleterious being introduced into the porter . She recovered ' from that attack in the course of a short time , and was as well as usual . Such , then , is the case against the prisoner .

    The address of the learned Serjeant was listened to with breathless interest throughout . Mr . F . Keixt requested thattheprisoner might be accommodated with a seat . Mr . Baron Parke ; Prisoner , do you wish to sit down ? Prisoner : Tes ; I should he much obliged , as I have long had avaricose affection . A chair was then placed in the dock for his accommodation . [ Evidence in support of the statements made in the Learned Sergeant ' s speech was adduced . Nearly every witness was cross-examined by Mr . Kelly , but no material variation from , or addition to , their direct testimony was obtained , except it be in the following , which was the cross-examination of Mrs . Ann Ashley , who had deposed to the facta set forth for her bvMr . Serjeant Byles : ]—

    Mrs . Ashley cross-examined by Mr . F . Kelly Before I heard the stilled scream , I had heard the voice of the de ceased in rather aloud tone . I can't sav whether there was any quarrelling . I heard only a few words , not loud talking , for some minutes . — Did you not think they were quarrelling about money matters ?—1 did not hear enough to make me think they were quarrelling . When 1 first heard her scream I tliought she might be in hysterics , as I knew there were money matters between them . She was not hysterical , nor violent in her conduct . I never knew her subject to fits of passion , ' or of her quarrelling with Mi * . Tawell about the children . I have heard her say she had been advised to put them out and go to service ; but she never told me that she had

    differences with the prisoner about them . I heard no voice but hers on the night in question , so that I could not have supposed that they were quarrelling . The screams I heard before leaving my house were repeated several times . I cannot say whether or not Mr . Tawell heard the observation I made about my neighbour being ill The surgeon , Mr . Champneys , on being sent for put his hand under the clothes of Sarah Harf , and felt her heart . He then bled her . I held the basin for him . Blood flowed from herabout as much as would cover a plate . I believe she was dead before she was bled , at-least I heard the surgeon say so . That is my own belief also . I do not recollect having been asked the question when I was before the coroner , or having said that the deceased

    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    died almost immediately after she had been bled . I do not think I could have said so , as my belief always was she had died before she was bled . ' 1 am aware that the deceased had received a present of a box of apples some time before her death . She gave mg some of them ; when I saw the box it was not full . It would hold about a peck , but I did not see it when she first received it . [ We pass the evidence of the other parties , which relates to the departure , and watching , and apprehension of the prisoner , as it would be merely repeating what is fufly set forth in the opening speech of the counsel for the prosecution . We . g ive at full length the examination and cross-examination of the surgeons , as it is likely that on that evidence the defence will be mainly grounded . !

    Mr . Champneys , examined by Serjeant BlfflES . —I am a surgeon at Salt-hill . I was sent for to attend Mi's . Hart a few minutes before seven o ' clock on the 1 st of January . I ran all the way . I saw Sarah Hart lying on the floor . I felt her pulse at the wrist . I was not certain there was any pulsation . I put my hand under her clothes to feel her heart , and I perceived at that moment a sli ght convulsion of the lower jaw . There was no pulsation of her heart . I considered her dead then . Nevertheless , I opened a rein in her arm . I did so not to leave the usual means untried . About aw ounce of blood flowed . I still think that she was dead before I opened the vein . I saw the bottle , glasses , and beer- on the table . I put them in the recess by the fireplace . About nine

    o clock the same evening I returned and took possession of them , and carried them all away home with me , and looked them up . On tho following day I inspected the body , assisted by Mr . Norblad , Mr . Pickering , and another surgeon . By direction of the coroner I afterwards made a post mmteW examination . I dissected the body in the presence of Mr . Norblad and Air . Pickering . I smelt the odour of prussic acid the moment I opened the body . I made a remark . I examined the heart . It was perfectly healthy . I examined the lungs . The lung itself was healthy , but the coverings had the remains of * old inflammation , old standing adhesion . There was nothing to account for death in the lungs . The abdominal viscera were healthy . Iexamined the stomach . The internal surface had more mucus than usual . ' I

    removed the stomach andits contents for the purpose of analysis . I placed them in a bottle , which I took home and kept until I took it to London next day ( Friday , the 3 rd ) . I went to London accompanied by Mr . Norblad , . and Mr . Pickering joined us in London . We went to Mr . Cooper , whose son also was present . The contents were tested for oxalic and for sulphuric acid , and I don't remember the other poisons that were sought for . Nothing could be discovered of them . An experiment was then tried for prussic acid . Mr . Cooper tried first the proto-sulphate of iron . He distilled a portion of the contents of the stomach . I-saw the result of the two experiments for prussic acid . Thesecondwaswithnitrate of silver . Prussic acid was found . During the experiments we

    found no smell of prussic acid . I am ~ of opinion the deceased died from the effects of prussic acid . I have no doubt about it . I saw Mr . Cooper after the adjourned inquest , between Saturday and Wednesday . I saw him on Sunday . Mr . Cooper analysed the porter in the bottle , in the glass , and the bun . No prussic acid was discovered . They were not tested for any other poison . I went to Mr . Cooper again on the 8 th of February , when 1 said I thought the deceased had been poisoned by prussic acid . I had not heard that the prisoner had purchased any . I know the strength ot the prussic acid of the London Pharmacopeia . Its strength is two per cent , to ninety-eight of water . Scheele ' s prussic acid contains five per cent , to ninety-live of

    water . I would begin with three drops of the London Phannacopeian acid as a dose . I might give four . Of the undiluted prussic and pure hydrocyanic acid less than a grain could only be taken with safety . Two drachms of Scheele ' s solution would contain six grains of pure hydrocyanic acid . When persons die from prussic acid there are cases on record where the smell is not discovered in the stomach . In my opinion there is no importance in the absence of odour as a proof that prussic acid was not taken . There is a case where a boy took three and a half drachms of one of the solutions , I do not know whieh , aud there was no odour from any part of the body after it . A person died in an hospital in Paris , after having taken sevenrtenths of a grain of pure acid .

    The acid is very voluble , and may bo carried off by the lungs , or absorbed by the tissues . I never heard of a person taking an ounce . If fifty grains of the London Pharmacopeian acid were found in the stomach , that is one grain ofreal . it would be impossible to ascertain how much had been taken , and it would be impossible to say how soon death might ensue . There is a case where a lady took twelve drops of Scheele ' s acid , and she died in twelve minutes and a half ; but no deduction can be drawn thence to other cases . I put some prussic acid in porter on the evening of the Thursday . I put half a drachm in a tumbler , and the tumbler was filled up with Guinness ' s stout . The smell of the acid was then scarcely perceptible . I don't think a person ,

    after taking enough to cause death , would walk more than a few yards from the house . Cross-examined by Mr . Kelly . —I have been four years in practice . I never examined a person before who had died from prussic acid . During my apprenticeship I have killed some of the lower animals , cats and dogs , with it . I experimented on four dogs , and dissected them . Except thatpracticalexperience , and some I saw tried on rabbits , all the rest of my knowledge on the subject is theoretical . I attended the case of a man who had taken some prussic acid , which didnot produce death . I have read " Taylor ' s Medical Jurisprudence , " and from that , as well as my other knowledge , I should expect always to find the odour of prussic acid . It is laid down by Taylor , that

    the stomach and all the cavities present the odour after death . My authority for the case I have cited , in which no odour was perceptible , isin Taylor . The body was examined thirty hours after death . I apprehend that in that ease the contents of the stomach were tested by the smell . I have read that case I think elsewhere at greater length . The odour may have passed into the blood after thirty hours . —Mr . Kelly ; Do you , sir , really believe that enough of prussic acid to causedeath may be swallowed , diluted in porter or otherwise , without leaving any odour from the mouth ? — Witness ; I should certainly always expect to find the odour , but I cannot say that

    it would be impossible that it would be absent . I smelled the mouth of the deceased woman when I was called to her , and again subsequentl y , but I perceived no smell of prussic acid . On the subsequent examination by Mr . Norblad , Mr . Pickering , and myself ' , I remarked the smell of . prussic acid . Mr . HJiblad said he perceived none , but I was positive that ! I did . Prussic acid is excessively volatile , and itis this volatility which produces the smell . It has a very peculiar odour . —Mr . Kelly : Did you not boil down the contents of the stomach ? Mr . Serjeant Byles objected , as he was about to call Mr . Cooper .

    After some discussion , Mr . Baron Parke decided that Serjeant Byles should resume the direct examination . Witness examined by Mr . Serjeant Byles . —The contents of the stomach were first exposed to evaporation . The retort was placed in a sand bath , and the sulphate of iron was applied to the distilled portion of what came off , and the sulphate of potassum . and muriatic acid were subsequently added , and the result was prussian blue . The production of

    Prussian blue is considered an infallible test of the presence of hydrocyanic acid . Mr . Cooper then placed the retort in a water-bath to obtain a lower temperature . The distillation was again tested . Mr . Cooper regulated the temperature by a thermometer . It would be impossible , in my opinion , to produce prussic acid from the decomposed contents of the stomach . The nitrate of silver was applied to the second distillation , and cyanide oi silver was the result deposited on the glass . All the tests for prussic acid produced it .

    Cross-examinationresumed by MivKelly . —Prussic acid is highly volatile , and of peculiar odour . Whilst it is volatilising a strong odour perceptible to anyone is emitted , Tho contents of Sarah Hart's stomach were exposed to a boiling heat of 212 for several minutes . During that time we all tried to catch the odour , without discovering it . I don't know that I ever saw prussic acid distilled before . There was no odour from the few drops of blood I drew from the deceased . I don't feel competent to say that epileptic patients would be more easily acted on by prussic acid than others not so afflicted . The case to whicli I have alluded , in which 7-10 ths of a grain was fatal in Paris , was that of seven epileptic patients , to whom by mistake , a dose containing 7-10 ths of a grain was

    administered to each , and they all died , some within a few minutes , others after three quarters of an hour . [ A debate here arose as to this case , it being reported differently in different books . Mr .. Baron Parke referred to the ori ginal book , in which it was found that one died within fifteen minutes , aud tiie rest . at different periods to the last , who lived threequarters of an hour . ] Cross-examination resumed . The odour was , in some cases , found ei ght days after death . After the froth had subsided from the porter I poured on the drachm of acid , I perceived the smell strongly . Hydr ocyanic acid exists in many substances . In apples , and many fruits , for instance . I agree with Christison , who says , at page 756 , that hydrocyanic acid is found in numerous substances , where it was not previously supposed to exist . The prussic acid

    of commerce is obtained from tho blood and horns of animals . The chief components of prussic acid are 62 . 12 carbon , ' 12 of nitrogen , and 1 of hydrogen . It is said to exist in the human saliva ; but not as prussic acid . It is called the sul ph , cyanide . It exists as hydrocyanic in cherry stones and other fruit kernels . There was no smell at all during the tests of the deceased ' s stomach for tho other poisons , and we then came to the conclusion that there must be prussic acid . The process through which the stomach and contents were then put , would produce prussic acid from apple pips or other , fruit kernels . When we obtained the prussic acid it had no smell . Down to the last experiment , in which we obtained a certain large quantity of prussic aoid , I perceived no smell at all after the first odour I perceived on open-

    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    ing the body . We did not burn any of the substances produced . By Mr . Baron Parke . —We did not try to burn the cyanide ol silver . Cross-examination continued . —Tho first thing I did when called in to Sarah Hart was to feel her pulse . 1 thought at first I perceived a slight pulsation—a throb or two ; but now I im agine I did not feel any . When I put my hand upon the region of the heart there was no pulsation at all . I have never seen a positive case before where death ensued from prussic acid . The analogy between man and the inferior animals is very doubtful , I should say that Sarah Hart ' s lungs were sli ghtly congested . They were in a natural and healthy state , but they contained more blood than usual . That is , not a perfectly healthy state , but there was no symotom . of disease

    productive ol death in them . That appearance might arise from many sorts of sudden death . The pericardium was empty , I don't think the quantity of blood contained in the lungs , although more than ordinary , could be properly called congestion , but it might be culled sli ghtly congested . 1 did not examine the spmal marrow . The gall bladder was of a natural colour . _ I examined the glottis particularly in order to find if any foreign substance had got down into it . I did not open the bronchial tubes ; so that if there was water in them I don't know . I did not examine so low down . I felt satisfied the deceased was dead when I tried to bleed her . I themoht it

    better to do so , as one ol * the usual means , merel y in order to leave no moans untried , as in cases of congestion of the head . —Mr . Kelly : Do you mean to say that yon did not open the vein for the purpose of ascertaining the cause of death ?—Witness : I may have tried to see whether the blood contained anything to account for death , and I wished to satisfy the persons present that nothing was left undone . I took out the contents of the stomach eighteen hours after death . The vessel into whieh I put them was perfectly clean . It was a broad-mouthed pickle bottle . I did not wash it out , but I held it up and looked through it , and saw it was clean and quite clear . That is the bottle ( produced ) . .

    The witness was re-examined by Mr . Serjeant Byles , at very considerable length , upon the subject of the . qualities , & c , of prussic acid , and with regard to the eases of the seven epileptic patients in Paris . The Court adjourned at seven o ' clock .

    SECOND DAY-TnunsDAY . Tho Court resumed this morning at a few minutes before nine o ' clock . The entrance to the Courthouse was crowded to a dense degree , and it was with considerable difficulty an entrance could be effected . t The prisoner when placed in the dock seemed particularly nervous . He paid marked attention to the evidence , and particularly to the cross-examination of the witnesses by Mr . Fitzroy Kelly . Mr . Cooper , the chemist of London , was the first witness called , and he was examined at considerable length by Mr . ' Serjeant Byles , with reference'WRis experiments on the contents of the deceased ' s stomach , which had been submitted to him in order to

    test the existence of poison . He found in the stomach pf deceased the pips of some apples . He discovered in the . seeds of those apples a quantity of prussic acid . " He was not enabled to say how much prussic acid had been originally introduced into the stomach before the contents were removed . A variety of circumstances might tend to decrease this quantity , as absorption by the system , < fcc . Cross-examined by Mr . Kraxv . —He had never before that time examined the contents of the human stomach where a person bad been killed , or where pi-ussic acid had been taken . He had had a good deal of experience of the chemical properties of prussic

    acid . It had a peculiar smell , whether in its strongest state as concentrated acid , or hi its weakest form . It affected the back of the throat in a peculiar manner . He had met it more frequently in a diluted form , when combined with water ; than in its concentrated state . He began his investigation with tho view of ascertaining the presence ef oxalic acid . When he tested the contents of the stomach he took various portions for the purpose of discovering the presence of various poisons . ( Th 6 witness then detailed his mode of testing it . ) He did not discover the smell ol prussic acid on first testing the contents of the stomach . The smell of beer was the most

    predominant . When his experiments had failed to discover the other forms of poison , he directed alibis skill to discover the existence of prussic acid . On the second examination , on the 8 th of February , he took a great deal move care than on the previous examination . This was a test of quantity , not of quality . The quantity actually obtained was one gram and forty-three hundredths of a grain of prussic acid . One hundred and thirty-six grains of cyanitc of silver was equivalent to twenty-seven grains of hydrocyanic acid . The stomach of deceased contained some . undigested flesh , the apples he had already mentioned , and a pulpy mass , of which he could make nothing . He did not see the apple pips , but knowing that tnat tribe would yield prussic acid , he afterwards tested them . He was not aware that sweet almonds would vield prussic acid ; the bitter almonds certainly would . lie made an experiment , on two separate occasions , on different kinds ol

    apples , and extracted a little prussic acid from both . The test was simpl y placing the pips in a retort with water , and distilling it . He then added to the distilled liquor a little sul phate of iron , and the contents of the other phial on the table was the result . He did not think it necessary to crush the pips ; the distillation was the only test . He thought that no substance contained pure prussic acid . Prussic acid was so extremely volatile , that if it existed in a free state it must be continually evajiorating , and it could not therefore exist unless combined with some other substances . Animal substances contained prussic acid . lie would not say that it was likely to be produced by a change in organic matter . As far as he was aware ofj he was himself the first discoverer of prussic acid in appkv pipg . He was not aware that if apple-pips were macerated , that they would yield more hydrocyanic acid .

    Mr . Kellt quoted from " Taylor on Poisons , " to the effect that the odour of prussic acid was present when the poison itself was not existent . Did Mr . Cooper agree in that opinion ? Witness—I do not . By Mr . Baron Parke . —After all the experiments he had made , he had no doubt of the presence of prussic acid in the stomach . The absence of smell might be accounted for by its dilution , or by its odour being covered by that of other substances . It did not follow that the prussic acid should be iu the form of

    salt . He had never stated that it was in the form of salt . In his opinion it eould not exist in the stomach as a cyanite of potassium , where another and more powerful acid , as muriatic acid , was present in the stomach in considerable quantities . He was not of opinion that prussic acid could be formed in the contents of the stomach by putrefaction . Joseph Cooper , jun ., was son of last witness , and had been his assistant for four years . He smelt the prussic acid in the course of these experiments at the time his father did .

    Edward Weston Norblad , surgeon at Stroud , — -He bad practised for ten years . On Thursday , the 2 nd of January , he went with Mr . Champneys to Mrs . Hart's house . He saw the bod y of the deceased there . Ho had hoard the evidence of Mr . Champneys , and he would infer the existence of poison if death had suddenly followed the matter taken into the stomach . He would attribute the very sudden death of this person to one of two poisons—either prussic acid or oxalic acid . He was present at the two first examinations of the contents of the stomach . Mr . Cooper had correctly stated the tests he had applied , and he ( witness ) agreed with him in the inference he drew therefrom . Oxalic acid must have been detected if it contained that acid . He had no

    doubt that prussic acid was in the stomach , and he attribntedtbe death of deceased to that cause . He had lward " ifiie account of the last witness of what took place in October , and tbe symptoms were such as would be on the whole of the animal creation . It destroys life in the same manner in all . He had himself tried experiments upon animals . He had seen goats , cats , and dogs poisoned . He had especially tried experiments upon dogs . He had . idministeredtotwodogs , some bom's after feeding them—to one of them beer containing half an ounce of Scheele ' s and to the other one drachm of prussic acid . He gave it them at seven in the evening , and the effect was , that in fifty seconds the dog which had received the smaller dose fell , and in ten minutes he died . The second died m half the time . He opened tho bodies

    ot the dogs eighteen hours after death , the same period at which the deceased was opened , and he could ascertain no smell of prussic acid . On opening the stomachs of the dogs the prevalent smell was that of sour beer . The food was but half digested . He should have expected a smell of prussic acid in the case ot a person who had died in a quarter of an hour after its being administered * He attributed the absence of smell to the admixture wjth the stout . He had examined the body of Mrs . Hart , and he would on opening . the body have expected to find the cause of death , and if prussic acid had not existed in the stomach ho had no doubt he could have traced some other cause . The body was perfectly healthy He was much in the habit of opening bodies , and he was satisfied that less t ' tsn one grain ; would cause death .

    Cross-examined b y Mr . KELLY .-He had never attended any one who had taken prussic acid When taken as a medicine , the ordinary quantity was , of Scheees , five minims , or drops . Prussic acid , he thought , might with advantage be used in varicose affections . He agreed with Dr . Thomson , of London , that , externall y applied , prussic acid might be found useful m cancerous diseaws . He had the sense of smell very acutely , and he could not detect the smell of the acid in the stomachs of the dogs . The dogs were kept in an outhouse after they were dead , and before they were opened . He tried these experime s ? dogs on the 18 th Feb . succeeding the death ot the deceased . Headache and vomiting frequently followed a disorder of-the stomach occasioned by something being taken into it . The quantityvomitcd bore no proportion to the quantity taken into the stomach . He had g iven medicinal doses of prussic acid to allay irritation of the stomach .

    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    Mr . Kelly . —In the whole course of your experience did you ever find vomiting produced by prussic acid ?•—I have seen dogs affected to vomiting . Mr . Kelly . —I speak of the human being . Witness ( emphatically ) . —The stomach of the dog is exactly similar to that of the human being . Mr . Kelly . —You speak very dogmatically , but I would wish a plain answer to a direct question . Havo you , sir , in the course of your experience , seen vomiting from the stomach of a human being induced by prussic acid ?—No ; I have not . Henry Thomas , chemist , Bishopsgato-stroet . —Ho remembered Wednesday , the 1 st of January , perfectly well . He saw the prisoner on that day netween twelve and two , at his shop . He asked for two drachms of -Scheele ' s prussic acid . He brought a

    half-ounce phial , labelled " Scheeles prussic acid . " He gave that bottle to put the prussic acid in . The phial had a glass stopper . Witness could not get the stopper out , and was in consequence obliged to give him a stopper of his own . He tliought the prisoner said , " lou need not put a label on ; " but the circumstance was so common that he did not pay any attention to it . He said he wanted to apply the acid externally to a varicose vein . ( The book in which the entry was marked wasproduccd . ) Witness saw the prisoner on tho following day , between the hours of ten aud twelve , and he asked for two drachms more . He said he had had a misfortune , he had broke the bottle . He had the same quantity as formerly in the bottle he had originally brought , lie had been fro

    quently to the shop'before that time . » Cross-examined by Mr . Kelly . —If he covered the phial at all , it was with leather , and not with paper . He had no doubt that the prisoner was at that time affected , as he stated , witli varicose veins . He did not believe that Scheele ' s prussic acid could be taken into thestoniacb and yet not ascertained by the smell . He had mixed thirty drops of Scheele ' s with eleven ounces , or nearly a tumbler full , of porter , and the smell was slightly perceptible . The bottle does not contain the quantity of eleven ounces . It is the property of this acid wliile it is volatilising to give out

    a smell . He was aware that apple-pips contained prussic acid . He saw fifteen small apples tested by distillation , and then with sulphuric acid and sulphate of iron . The quantity of prussic acid that resulted was one grain and one-fifth . Mr . — Sinythe , clerk to Barnett , Hoare , and Co ., examined . — -The . prisoner had been in the habit of banking with . them . On Wednesday , the 1 st of January , he came between two and three o ' clock , and drew a cheque for £ li . Paid him in gold . His account was overdrawn at that date . He believed the paper shown him to be his handwriting . ( The paper referred to was a prescription for varicose veins . )

    Cross-examined . —There was not the slightest objection to his overdrawing his account . Mary Ann Moss was next examined . Sho was aware of the intimacy between the prisoner and the deceased . Knew that he visited her at regular periods—once in six weeks , and that the prisoner was father of one ot * the children at Slough . Sarah Batcman knew the deceased before she went into the prisoner ' s service ; when engaged by the prisoner it was to nurse the first Mrs . Tawell , who shortly after died . In April , 1839 , knew that the deceased was in the family way by the prisoner . Grace Hadler . —The deceased was my daughter . I saw her last when she was living at Mr . Tawell ' s , in Bridge-street , in the Borough . I never saw her or heard of her afterwards until after her death .

    Mr . Cooper recalled . —I tested the contents of the f ilial found ifi the cupboard in the deceased ' s parlour , t contained some liniment . Not a particle of prussic acid was in it . This being the close of the case for the prosecution , the Court adjourned at halt-past one o ' clock , for a few minutes , for refreshment . Mr . Fitzrot Kelly proceeded to address the jury on behalf of the prisoner . He should perhaps have contented himself with a brief narrative of the facts of the case but he could not forget that the circumstances connected with this ease had , no doubt , come before them through the usual channels of public information , and he therefore felt it his duty to advert to another matter . It was stated that the unfortunate

    prisoner at the bar had many years ago been sent from his country for the commission of a certain act of which he was found guilty by a jury of his fellow men : but it was likewise known that he had cleared his character ) and ra-cataWished himself as an honest Christian and charitable man . It must first , in order to convict the prisoner , be proved that the woman died in consequence of taking a dose of poison —that , in point of fact , prussic acid was administered to her by Mr . Tawell . These facts had not been proved ; thc cvidencewithregard to them was perfectly illusory . If they believed that the woman died of poison , it was necessary for the purposes of the prosecution to prove beyond the smallest doubt that the poison was administered to her by the prisoner . The jury must

    be made aware of that fact by certain and irresistible evidence before they could convict . With regard to poisoning by prussic acid , there were only eight or nine and thirty cases on record , and only two of those were found to be committed by design , the others were all accidental . Little , therefore , had been the experience of medical men in questions of this nature , and not one single person had been brought forward who could speak practically of the appearance of a body when under- the influence of prussic acid . The opinions given by the medical men were framed upon what they had read in certain books , which were merely the opinions of-the persons who wrote the books , and which could be no evidence at all . They were bound to prove , in

    the first instance , that one grain of prussic acid was sufficient to destroy life , and that one grain was found in the woman ' s body ; and they had no such proof before them founded on practical experience . Mr . Champneys , who it could not be denied was the principal witness , when asked respecting the result of liis own experiment , said that when he put the true quantity ol * prussic acid into the true quantity of porter "he could scarcely perceive the smell" until the froth had gone away . Now , if Mr . Champneys had written the result of that experiment in a book ill the terms in which he gave it in evidence , and that his opinion was brought forward in a similar case to the present in a year to come , would it form evidence upon which to convict ?

    So little did the medical men know otthe appearance caused by prussic acid , with which they state the woman was poisoned , that they tested the stomach for oxalic and other acids , and because they could not satisfy themselves with their experiments , they at once jumped to the conclusion that the woman was poisoned With prussic acid ; but their judgment was founded upon a mere theory , which could not be admitted . , Mi ' . Baron Parke suggested to Mr . Kelly that he made a mistake in asserting that in eases of death from natural causes Mr . Champneys had said there was an odour of prussic acid observable . Mr . Kelly begged pardon if he was wrong in making the Quotation from Mr . Champneys , but thev

    had it from other sources that such was nevertheless the fact . But Mr . Champneys quoted another case . He ( Mr . Kelly ) asked him was it the case of the boy , and Mr . Champneys thought there were two more cases . That was another inaccuracy . . There was only that one case quoted by Taylor , where the body was examined thirty hours after death , the boy having taken Si grains of the prussic acid . But this very case , as quoted by Taylor , was not correct itself " , for it was to be found in Christicon , who , very probably , took it from the original report , and there he states that there was no odour perceptible in the body or blood , " although it was strong in the stomach . " Thus they saw the awful degree of danger they ran in taking the evidence of books ,

    or of witnesses whoso evidence was founded only on cases recorded in books . They had Mr . Champneys himself first wrong in making two cases out of one , and they had next tho very case he had so duplicated reported , or at least quoted wrongfully by Taylor . Mr . Kelly then went on to the consideration of the facta regarding the actual death of the deceased . It had been proved that prussic acid was found in her stomach after death ; how much would be another question . Whence it came and how produced they would also have to consider . These were questions he would come to presently . But the smell was acknowledged on all hands to exist where prussic acid existed in a free state . It was alleged on the part ol the Grown that the woman had swallowed down a

    quantity of prussic acid in its free state , and yet there was no odour at the mouth , in the blood , or in the stomach . Ho ( Mr . Kelly ) said it boldly—no man dare to take away tho life of his fellow-man on such evidence as this . j tBut prussic acid had been found in the stomach of the deceased woman . He would show that she had at the time of death in her stomach substances containing or capable of yielding an actually greater quantity of prussic acid ' than had been produced by Mr . Cooper from the contents of the stomach . He would show that she had eaten a quantity ' of apples , and most probably pips and all ; from which it would have been easy to obtain as much prussic acid as had been found . They had heard the witness who told them of the deceased having

    received a b : iskc-t of apples anout Christmas , the entire , or nearly , the entire of whicli were consumed by her by the beginning of the year . Now , it was known that , with the exception of almonds , there was no substance from which prussic acid could be so readily obtained as pips of apples . Air . Thomas , the chemist ' s assistant , who had undertaken to experiment upon pips of apples , did not wish to trust to his own limited experience , and he therefore went to the London Hospital , and - there , under the able directions of Mr . Lievesley , the lecturer he obtained from the pips of fifteen apples , not an

    inappreciable quantity , " asMr . Cooper called the result of his very incomplete and loose experiments , but no less than two-thirds of a grain ol pure acid ; more , actually a greater quantity of prussic acid , than Mr . Cooper had extracted from the whole contents of the deceased woman ' s stomach . He contended , he would put it to the jury , that upon such evidence ho would be entitled to their verdict ; but in a case where it was only necessary to raise a doubt , he would say he had shown the case most eminently doubtful . He contendedtherewasnoproofatallaaduccdtnatthewoman had died from the effects of prussic acid . Mr . Kelly next addressed himself to the evidence regarding the

    The Murder At Salt-Hill. Trial Of John T...

    stifled screams heard by Mrs . Ashley in the adjoining house , and asked where the surgeon had tound the proofs that stifled screaming was an evidence ot death by prussic acid . A succession of stifled screams was the description g iven by Mrs . Ashley of toe noise she heard . New where , he would ask , did Mr . Champneys learn that death from prussic acid was accompanied by a siiccrssion of stilled wreaming ? ' 1 he description give n in the books was , that death approached by paralysis and gasping , and finished with one convulsive scream ; but where did Mr . Champneys hear of a succession ofstifled screams t He should next observe upon a portion of the evidence , which he confessed he remarked with pain , and that was the evidence of Mr . Obanipneys with

    regard to the state of the lungs . He did not give that portion of his evidence as he should . He fenced with the question as to their congestion . Having commented upon that portion of the evidence and drawn , a comparison between Mr . Champneys and the other medical witnesses , the learned counsel said it might be asked if the deceased woman did not die from the effects of prussic acid , of what did she die ? He submitted he was not bound to answer that question . That was an investigation that did not belong to him . They had heard one of the female witnesses who had told them that she poured a little water down tho deceased ' s throat , and foam immediately appeared at the corner , and she fancied or feared that she would be suffocated if the application were

    repeated . J \ ow , what wm there to show she had not been actually suffocated by that very draught of water ? ( Here there was a murmur niingleu with laughter , through the court . ) Mr . Kelly paused a little , and when it had subsided he proceeded—It should be observed that the surgeons had not examined the bronchial tubes . There was , therefore , no evidence that she did not die of suffocation ; and although it might be objected that such a mode of death would be a very remarkable coineiden ' ee , yet they had frequent opportunities of observing the occurrence of most extraordinary coincidences . He would mention a very curious and remarkable coincidence which recently occurred in the case of a gentleman of his own profession , one well known to

    the members of the legal profession—he meant the late Mi * . Serjeant Andrews . In that unfortunate gentleman ' s case , in a moment of delirium , he had made an attempt upon his life , aud had cut his own throat . Assistance was at hand , and in good time . The wound was sewn up and dressed , and the unfortunate gentleman was in a fair way of recovery , when he was found dead in his bed , the bandages torn oftmost probably in the death struggle—and tbe wound re-opened . But the flow oi * blood from it was not sufficient to produce death , and on further examination it was discovered that a blood-vessel had buret ,

    and from the bursting of that blood-vessel he had died . Now , had not that case been thoroughly investigated , the most natural and obvious supposition would have been that he had died from having wilfully torn off the bandages from his throat . Yet , investigation had established the contrary . Hero was an extraordinary coincidence . The learned counsel then read a letter from the prisoner ' s wife to him , which was written in most affectionate terms . It was dated on the 1 st of January , the day on which the murder was committed . It was , proceeded Mr . Kell y , impossible that a man could receive such a " letter and bo a bad man . He went down to see the

    unfortunate woman on the Wednesday . He saw her and remained with her an hour or two . Some porter was sent for , and then it was alleged that he tried to poison her . The woman in the house said she heard high words , and that she thought they were about money matters , and that be soon afterwards left the house . What was more natural than that after quarrelling he should leave the house and her annoyance or passion at Ills not perhaps yielding to her fishes might have caused a tit , and that fit have caused her death . He did not mean to say that this was the case ; the matter was a mystery , but it was not an unlikely state of things He did not call upon them , notwithstanding the evidence of the policeman as to what the prisoner

    told him , to say that the woman poisoned herself , nor did he believe that she died of poison at all , Wifh regard to the prisoner ' s being seen running on the night of the death , and to his going to see lierschell ' s telescope , because he had time to do so before the train left , they were matters of little consequence . The night was a cold' one , wild he might run to warm himself ; and curiosity might induce him to go to sec the telescope . Well , he went to town , and called at various places . He was closely followed , and taken into custody at the Jerusalem Coffee-house . When charged with the crime it was said he denied it . lie might have done so it was true , and he certainly could not be excused for denying that he had been < it Slough ; but was it not natural for a man who was so circumstanced with a woman as he was with Mrs . Hart to deny any knowledge of her , fearing that tho

    circumstance might reach the cars of his affectionate wife , and perhaps break her heart % In common charity they ought to take these feelings and circumstances into consideration . With respect to his purchasing the two phials of prussic acid , he contended that that was no evidence whatever of guilt . Was it likely that a man of common sense as he was , would go to a shop and purchase a" certain quantity of prussic acid , and administer it to a fcllow-GTCatUl'C , and then after violating the laws of his country , and rendering himself liable to the highest penalty they could inflict , go to the same shop , the next day , for the purpose of buying a similar quantity of tho poison . Seeing how tbe case was surrounded with difficulties , that the evidence was not direct , and could not , thureforev . be satisfactory , he trusted that the jury would pot break that "beautiful and blessed principle of the English law , which gave to those accused of crime the benefit of any doubt which might exist as to their guilt , and that a verdict would be recorded in tile prisoner ' s

    favour . Mr . Henry Lane , churchwarden of Beridian-pstead ; Mr . Joseph Gomni , master builder , Bcrkh'impstead ; Mr . Tomkins , coal-merchant , Bcrkhampstead ; Mr . Joseph Baldwin , of the same place ; Mr . II . Castle , timber-merchant , Millbank , London ; Mr . John Richards , of Dover ; Mr . Abel Salter Trew , who had known the prisoner in Sydney ; the Chevalier Dillon , and Mr . John Gower , gave evidence in favour oftlloeXCOllontchaL'aetGl'in general borne b y the prisoner , and to his especially kind and benevolent disposition . At the conclusion of the evidence to character , the Court adjourned to eight o ' clock oh Fridav ' morning .

    2to6s 15, 1845. The Northern Star. - ' '...

    2 to 6 s 15 , 1845 . THE NORTHERN STAR . - ' ' v "> ¦

    /Otttxomiws; #Totmffs;

    / otttxomiws ; # totmffs ;

    Westminster.—Clock-House.—The Members Of...

    Westminster . —Clock-House . —The members of . the above ' named locality are requested to attend on Sunday next , March 16 th , at eight o'clock . AsniON-UNi ) ER-LvNE . —A concert and ball will be held in the Association-room , on Good Friday , March 21 st . The amusements to commence at six o ' clock ; refreshments to be served round at intervals in the courae of the evening . Bradford . —On Sunday th « members of the General Council will meet in their room , Butterwortk ' s-buildiugs , at two o clock in the afternoon . Turkaoais-Lasb . —On Tuesday next the members of the City locality will meet at the ball , Turnagainlane , on business of importance connected with' the approaching Conference , and to elect a General Council for this localitv .

    Birmingham . —A lecture will lie delivered at the Democratic Chapel , Thorp-street , ou Sunday , at half-past six in the evening . Maxcuesteh . —Cakpestehs' Hall . —A lecture will be delivered in this Hall on Sunday next bv Mr . Tattersall , who has just completed his education by two years ' close application and study in . her Majesty ' s College at Lancaster ; chair to be " taken at half-past six o ' clock . Dkwsbui-y . —The next Dewsbury district meeting will be holden on Sunday , the 16 th inst ., at two o ' clock in the afternoon . OnuiAM . — On Sunday ( to-mo « w ) ' Mr . J . Kay Taylor will deliver his fourth and last lecture on the " Life , Writings , and Genius of Robert Burns , " in the Chartist-room , Greaves-street , at six o ' clock in the evening .

    Nottingham . —The Operative Hall Building Committee will meet on Sunday afternoon next , at five o ' clock , at the * White Swan .. New Radford . Mr . Doyle will lecture at the following places during the next fortnight : —Sheffield , Monday and Tuesday , the 17 th and 18 th inst . ; Barnsley , Wednesday , 19 th ; Littletown , Thursday , 20 th : Cleekheaton , Friday , 21 st ; Bradford , Sunday and Monday , 23 rd and 24 th ; Wakefield , Tuesday , 25 th ; Birstall , Wednesday , 26 th ; and Dewsbury , Thursday , the 27 th inst . Haufax . —Mi * . Doyle will lecture in the Working Man ' s Hall , on Sunday ( to-morrow ) evening , at six o ' clock . _ The Chartists of this locility are requested to meet in their room on Sunday , at ' two o ' clock in the afternoon , on business ofiniiMirtutU'e .

    busoERLAxo , — Tho members of the National Charter Association resident in this district , will meet on Sunday afternoon next , .-it half-past twoo ' clock , at the Royal Oak , High-streot . Liverpool . —A public discussion will be held in the Temperance-hall , Rose-place , on Monday next at halt-past seven o ' clock . Question— " Wilfther prmcW pies of Robert Owen erthe principles of TeetotaW confer the greatest blessings on the working classes ?" SnEFFiKiD .-MivO . Doyle will deliver two lectures , m the . lami room , Figtrec-lane , on- Monday and Tuesday . Subject tor Monday , » Labour ' s Wrotw and Labou ' rsRemedy ? for Tb ^ . ^ SSSSJS ' Unions versus Consolidated T / adesV . UiS 25 upon just principles . " " « wns , oasea

    Rochdale -The Ke * . V . Jackson wiU preach two sermons m the Assembly-room Toad-W Iff a t'S &^ % ^ t ^ ^ £ az , ^&&& Barnsley . --A Chartist Tea-Party and Ball will ^! i "i tae 0 dd Fellows' Hall , Barnsley , on tastev Tuesday , for the benefit of the Exeeuttre ,

• Citation
  • Northern Star (1837-1852), March 15, 1845, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_15031845/page/5/