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      October 14,1848. The Northern Star.

      October 14 , 1848 . THE NORTHERN STAR .

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      Th E 1ambht Of Thb Pre S Ent One By One ...

      TH E 1 AMBHT OF THB PRE S ENT One by one t he l e av e s a re shaken Prom the tree ; One by one our B e s t are taken ; And our hopes fall , Hope-forsaken ; When , 0 God ! wilt thou awaken ; When , 0 liberty ! Sinks the moon behind the forest , -Lost In cloud ; Darkly thou thy way explomt : So , even when our need is torett . Freedom ! thou oar trust ignorest In thy bloody shroud .

      One by one our Best are taken ; Hasten we ! By our twift curse o v ertaken , Thrones and powers again , are shaken ; Tet the Avenger eball awaken MurderM . Llberty . SPABIACtlS

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      An Authentic Report Of The Trial Of Dr P...

      AN AUTHENTIC REPORT OF THE TRIAL OF DR PETER MURRAY M DOUALL at Liver , pool , on Monda y , August 28 th , 1848 . London : J . tVatson , Queen ' s Head-passage , Patemosterrow . Manchester : A . Haywood , Oldham-street . Themaia facts of Dr M'Donall ' s trial are well known to our readers , but the report given in this journal was necessarily brief ; a fell and authentic report will therefore be welcomed by thousands who admire the Doctor , and sympathise with him and bis family in their present affliction . This pamphlet contains upwards of forty pages ( small octavo ) of

      closely printed matter , giving in detail the crossejanunation ef the witnesses for the prosecution ; the admirable and eloquent speech of Mr Sergeant \ vllkins ; the reply for the Crown ; the Judge ' s summing up , and the harsh , spwca * delivered from ' the bench , ' which preceded the still harsher sentence . "When we add that the profits of this publication , if any , will be applied to the support of Mrs M'Donall and her children , we hare , we trust , said sufficient to induce our readers to expend tbe trifling sum offourpence in the purchase of this memorial of the Whig persecution of Chartism in 1848 .

      Too much praise cannot be awarded to Mr Roberts , Dr M'Donall's attorney , for the trouble he has taken in superintending the publication of this ' Report , ' We trust that tbe philanthropic object in view , that of obtaining pecuniary assistance for Dr M'Douall ' s wife and children , will be attained by an extensive sale of this pamphlet .

      The Labourer. Edited By F. O'Connor, Esq...

      THE LABOURER . Edited by F . O'Connor , Esq ., M . P , October . London : Northern Star Office , and J . Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Head-passage , Paternoster-row . Two contributions by Ernest Jones are contained in this number of the Labourer ; one an article on German Literature , the other a portion of a' romantic drama , ' continued from a former number . Mi ^ abea ^ , the great French orator is the subject of an essay , which has no fault save its brevity . ' Tbe Murdered Trooper * is a story of life in an Irish sheebeen , 'to be continued . ' The most interesting of the contents of this number is an account of ' The Mezzeria System of Tuscany . ' This account is chiefly taken from a report by Dr Bowring on the statistics of Tuscany , Lucca , & c .

      THB XEZZEMA SYSTEM may be briefly described as an apportionment of the land into poderi or small separate estates , which are cultivated bj a class called contodiitt , on the principle of an EQUAL D 1 V 1 SI 1 H or THE WHOLE PBODOCE BETWEEN LAUD . XOBB . AHD TBHA 5 X—THE 1 AKDLOBD FlKDWG THE SOIL AND CA 71 XAL , OT THE TENANT GIVING BIS LABOTO . So warns * contract exists between landlord and tenant . It it in force for one year only ; tht proprietor may exchange bis cultivator every year at a fixed period , bnt a good tenant generally holds the estate from gene , ration to generation .

      In . the partnership the proprietor supplies all the capital , and tb e cultivator the labour and atensils . The peoitis are equally divided between them , even as regards the profits arising from the sale of cattle ; the cultivator is only obliged to supply the labour required in the ordinary cultivation ; should tbe proprietor bo desirous of asking new p lantations or to reclaim watte lands , the expense falls solely on him , and he is obliged to pay tho cultivator wages for extra work , and also to keep ap his new adventures at his own expense , should their produce prove ininffijient . Tbe seed for sowing is nls » supplied at joint expense , that required for tho support of the cultivator tbe proprietor it in general bound to supply him with * should he not do eb , a g ood l a bourer wo u l d quit hit employ , which would be the worst thing that could happen , for the syatem depends solely on good faith and a gobd labourer is indispensable to the wellbeing of the landlord .

      Under this system , Tuscany is highly cultivated . The produce , however , much to the regret ef the exporting economist , is mainly consumed in the home market * M . Ridolfi , in an article in the Ciornale Agricolo , says : — ' Our most urgent necessity is less an increased pro ducethan a mode of turning it to ! account . What fa wanting to our agriculture are those subsidiary under takings which give increased value to productions and render them Baadtetable . We possess a prodigious quan tity of wine , generally of a tolerable quality , butto render it fit for txp-Jtation has sever yet been deemed an oh-Jeot of consideration . The sole purpose with us has

      been to render it suitable for oar home consumption . [ How afflicting . ! Everything is sold at the earliest moment [ we suppose , therefore , in the best condition for Hse ] and ' at the nearest market , for The consumption of tha immediate vicinity in which it is produced ; the ideas ef the cultivator go not further . [ Unhappy , Ignorant , well-fed cultivator . ] Even oil it not exactly regarded as an article for exportation . This situation of our productions is owing to tbesjttan of Isopald I ., which sou g ht to render Tuscany m < me family , self-dependent [ ffhatan ignorant blockhead , bad political economist , and worse sovereign , this Leopold J , must have been ] , and its consequences are traceable in our manners and customs , '

      M . Bidolfi proceeds still furthtr with his lamentations over the general adoption of the erroneous self-sufficing principle , which he sorrowfull y , if not angrily , dcc l ar e a 1 pervades everything . ' The cause of these lamentations , however , peeps out in the following little sentence : — * The result of all this is , that out of the very lar ,-e gross produce tbe ne-revenue to the Tuscan proprietor is moat miserable . In other words , this home system and home market ensures « o tha labonrar an abundant participation In the { raits of his toil , distributes wealth eqiltably among tbe papulation , and prevents the formation aad growth of these startling inequalities of condition which constitute the most dangerous symptom of the present state of society in this country . That state is produced entirely by a system based on the principles espoused by M . Ridolfi , who locks upon wealth rather as a thing for marketable exchanges , than the means of affording subsistence and enjoyment to the producer in the first in . stance , and then to the general community .

      By way of shewing the actuil results of this' erroneous self-sufficing principle , ' itt us take J £ Bidoiri ' s own etttement of the condition of the Tuscan peasantry : — * Regarding man as an instrument of labour , oar agri - culture it costly in the extreme , hut under any other systern man would do lets and cost more . The cultivator is always on the spot , always careful , his constant thought is—this field is my own . He works for his own advantage , not as a mercenary , nor as a s l av e , n or a ma . chin ?; bis loss ef time is the least possible , at be has the distribution of his hours and chooses his oppor . unities ; while proceeding to bis field he pull * np tbe weeds , he gathers together . the fmannre which may have fallen en tiie roads , which contributes to the increase of bis dung , hill . The amount ef labour bestowed by the cultivator would prove too costly to the proprietor if obliged to pay for It ; it would not answer his purpose . It is always ruinous in Tuscany to cultivate land by day labourers . On the other hand , if the labourer were to be paid bit

      wares ia mrney , tiiey would be inadequate to his support , Under the existing system , if his profits are small they are direct ; and , in the shape of produce , his household wants are fully and completely supplied , and * t no ex . psnse . It is not possible for the cultlvatora to make a rspidfortune , bnt the better class of them possess their little capital in money . Tho marriage portions they give their daughters ia a proof of this ; these are considerable and always increasing . It to true the landlord frequently assists ; and not only tho head of the family , bat the other members also , both girls and boyi , to whom , they leave slight bequests by way of dowry , or who enter into smal l s p ecula ti on s , have all a little stock of mon * y laid by . It is , I consider , the great and only advantage of Tuscan economy , that it entnres the subsistence of a large number of labourers , and ensures this In a mode independent of men and events , and free from the vicissitudes of commerce and the uncertainties of trade or of ruinous a uan «« .

      We agree wilt * ' ? ' ? ¥ 8 % * " *& e Labourer thai wmemcliprindBU aidmorieot ^ pK ^ enational labour and capital is becoming every day more argent in this country . Our great manufacturing and commercial system is breaking down on all bands , and the swarming myriads of labourers who now depend upon it for subsistence must be provided for in some other way . If some such compromise as the Mezzeria system is not adopted , a more radical change will become inevitable . « Free Trade' has proved an utter failure ; and Social Ref can alone stavo off Social Ketomjtion .

      The Labourer. Edited By F. O'Connor, Esq...

      Simmonds ' t & lonial Magazine . October . —London Simmonds and Co .. Barge-yard , Bucklersbury . " StMti & Tn 6 * fng Ti ^^^ « South AustTalia , '' Ifew Brunswick , " Malacca , " Van Biemen ' s Land , ' and' Canada / make up a large portion ef this month ' s Colonialifiijazine . ' Suggestions , for improvements in the manufacture of sugar , ' maybe studied with advantage by a large number of the readers of this publication . ' the present condition of the BfithfrWe ' sV India Colonies' is discussed at considerable length , and with much ability , in more than one article . The editor contributes another able and stinging exposure of the Vancouver ' s Island job . Ceylon , which , owing to an insurrection of the oppressively taxed and badly-governed natives , is at present exciting considerable interest , is . represented in this magazine by one

      'Isaac TomkinSj ' who administers a smart philippic to t he Ri ght Hon . Earl Grey , on the ruin wrought among the p lanters by the operation of the blessed free-trade . system . Though pressed for room we must give a specimen or two of Isaac ' s denunciations of the Manchester schemers . He commences by telling 'his lordship' that although not very good at a speech , he can tell a plain , unvarnished tale with , pen , ink , and paper . He then proceeds to tell , how t hat seven years ago , ' smitten with the prospects of coffee , ' he left England for Ceylon ; converted his three per cents , into 300 acres of the best forest land at -C 5 the acre , and started planter with a fair prospect of making a fortune . Things progressed very well for two or three years , when , lo ! the Free-traders obtained ascendancy in the councils of the state , and—behold the result described by Isaac Tomkins *—

      I would that tome of the Manchester politicians could see a few of the estates about here ; the baopalows , with their broken doors and windows ; ' the once neatlytrimmed rose-ttedges smothered , like the former hopes of the proprietor , with . rank weeds ; the paint overgrown with grass ; the little flower garden , that the wife was once so fond of , trampled down by buffaloes ; the jestamlae arbour , in which the planter had so often sat playing with his . children , half torn down , half-hidden by jan g le , the resor t of w i ld a nim a l s . And where it the plaater-proprietor and his family f He it getting jungle fever and £ 5 month ' , on an unhealthy , but paving es . tate ; his wife and family live , or r at her exis t , oa the charity of friends ; for fortunately , my Lord , we have some friends out here—thero are no Manchester manufacturer-. in Ceylon ,

      Bums surely predicted the fate of the Ceylon planters , so pathetically described by Isaac Tomkins , when he wrote ( begging the poet ' s pardon for a trifling liberty we have taken with what be did write ) : — ' Our eofee flourith'd fresh end fair , And bonnie bloom'd our roses ; But Whigs eame like aTrost in June , And witherM a' our posies . ' Isaac Tomkins , proceeding with bis address to Earl Grey , says : —

      I know very well what your political economy friend will cay te our complaints of not being able to grow coffee to compete with more favoured countries ; they will read whole chapters of figures from Porter , and quote M'Culloch by the yard , to prove that , if we can't grow coffee to a profit , the sooner we try and grow tomething elte that tciS pay , tho better . It is a pity we were not told this in 1841 , when we paid government £ 5 an acre for land ! It is much to be feared that tbe only thing we are likely to grow , will be to grow 'discontented / and this will be followed by a little more neglect , and a little more discontent . Desperate men do desperate things . Casar liked not hungry men ; he t hou ght them dangerous ; he preferred ' ' Sleek headed men and such as sleep o' nights . '

      Men have not altered much during the latt two thousand years . English human nature is much the same tort of thing as Roman human nature . My Lord , I would have yoa beware ef half-starved colonlttt ! ' Yond' planters have a lean and hungry look , They think too much ; such men are dangerous . ' From what I have already said you can see that I have avoided anything like discussion of politics or political economy ; I confess I have not studied these sciences much , bnt I Rate studied common sense , common honesty and commonplace facts . I feel myself unequal to cope with the coldblooded Manchester politicals—1 could not

      reply , perhaps , to a single one of the many plausible leaders in the Economist , bnt then I do not mean to tay that I am opposed to their theories . As far as I can see of the matter , universal free trade appears a very good sort of thing in its way ; so , my Lord , is nnivertal peace sadthemillenium . But I cannot tee bow they are at pretentpraetfcdWe ; this , no doubt , arises frem my beclouded brain—from a ten years' residence within the tropics , bnt so it if . This , however , I do understand , that before we are told to compete with ail the world , we should he placed in a position to enable us to do so , or it win not be fi-fo trade .

      Free trade has certainly cheapened coffee ; but , then , free trade has also had much to do with bringing the unemployed thousands to that condition which leaves them no means to purchase coffee , cheap or dear . Isaac , warming with his subject , and , as a Yankee would say , ' gitting his dander up , ' proceeds to insist npon ^ oianicAeqp ^ oeernmen f as an essential , wanting which free trade will utterly destroy Ceylon .

      Hear the irreverend revolutionist : —* One hundred and ten thousand pounds is over much to pay for red cloth , gold lace and feathers , with two bands of indifferent music ; this won't do withpkntaiioncqfee at 37 s . and 45 s . / We must send home the general and staff and oneof the bands of music , and a httleof the gold-lace and feathers ! ' As we live , rank Chartism in Ceylon ! ' Think of that Master Grey ! ' Chartism is ' put down , ' and 'Whi ggery has not yet done clapping its wings and crowing , when behold a

      voice comes

      ' O ' er the wide waters of the dark blue sea , ' crying— 'Delay will be fatal 1 ' 'Awa' Whigs , awa 'l Awa' Whigt , awa 'l Te ' re bat a psck o' traitor fount , Te'll do nae gude at a' 1 '

      The Ethnological Journal. Edited By Ltjk...

      The Ethnological Journal . Edited by Ltjkb Burke , October . London : H . Hardwicke , 14 , Clement ' slane , Strand . The commencement of 'A Structural Analysis of t he Book of Genesis ' occup ies some thirty pages of this number of tbe Ethnological Journal . Mr Burke has undertaken this analysis for the purpose of showing that the book of Genesis is composed of three separate documents , each g iving a distinct version of the Creation , '' Fall , ' and Deluge . ' We are bound to say , after a hasty perusal of this article , that Mr Burke appears to have succeeded in what he terms' an attempt to disMnguisb , ' & c j and

      we also feel bound to express our admiration of that gentleman ' s industry and extraordinary critical talent . But , being unable to see with him . that' this subject involves questions of hig h importance to human welfare ; ' on the contrary , being of op inion that it matters not the worth of a straw to living man and woman whether the book of Genesis is composed of three , or thirty—of one , or one hundred documents—we must express our regret to see SB mucb time and talent thrown away on such a subject . We dare say tha t some of Mr Burke ' s readers rather accord with his than with our views ; and these who do so will find that gentleman ' s analysis of Genesis well worthy their attention .

      The 'Outlines of the Fundamental Principles of Ethnology' contain much valuable information , and afford the reader endless food for reflection . ' The Origin of Nations , 'being a second article on the subject , contains many curious speculations . Here is one : —

      THE ANCIENT IBISH . The Irish fondly cling to tbe belief that they are descended from a Spanish stock—a notion that has very often been ridiculed . Nevertheless , I am persuaded of its truth . There was at the very earliest periods of hit . tory a nation called Iberl or Iberni , and Ierni in the South of Ireland . From Iberni we obtain Hibernia , and from Ierni clearly cornea Erin , and tbe modern Ireland . There were tome other minor tribes in Ireland , evidently of Spanish descent . Tbe traditions of the Irish respecting their Spanish blood are all referable to these Iberl , who were probably driven out of Spain by the incursions of the Kelts or other races , and sought refuge in Ireland . They must at that time have constituted the great bulk of its inhabitants , since all i : t natural appellations have been derived from them , and hence tha universality and positiveaess of the tradition .

      The Midland Florist. October. London : S...

      The Midland Florist . October . London : Simpkin , Marshall and Co ., Stationers Hall-court . This little publication continues its useful career . Ia another column will be found the calendar of GardeningOperationsfor October extracted from the present number ..

      Thereasmer. Edm Ty 6 T H Holyoake. Part ...

      TheReasmer . EdM ty 6 t h Holyoake . Part XXIX . London : J . Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Head-pas sage , Paternoster-row . Mr Cooper ' s' Lectures ; ' ' The Rise and Progress of the Swiss Bepublics ; ' an exp lanation of ' Buddhism ; ' and an ably written reply by Mr Holyoake , to certain most illiberal and malevolent attacks of which Jris ' s Birmingham Gazette has been tbe vehide , constitute the principal contents of this part of the Reckoner . From the miscellaneous articles we extract the following : —

      Thereasmer. Edm Ty 6 T H Holyoake. Part ...

      TH « WHIOt . The long Session has closed / end pity it is tha . the * olltiwt i . existence , of the . lnaneJHUgs has not . closed

      witb . tr " - ~ * # . * ¦ A few months ago they found the country with expectation—they have left It with none . Europe s ' . roggled with despotism—England echoed sympathy . Lib e r t y awoke from her dormancy . She was about to arise , when the miUttoae Whigs threw their heavy arms round her neck ; Tbe mocked people were goad ed into a war on awlal order . The Whigs have returned , and the gaols arc filled . » . * * . When the spirit of history takes ap the pen whloh writes

      immor t al words , it will not even condescend to record their Ignoble name . * It will ltava a blank to mark their period . It will tell of unexampled materials of progress whloh the genius of the people had gathered together . It will remark , that after a lapse of preoioat opportunlty—for genius , patrlo'I . m , and courage to have made a new greatnest in Britain—that nothing wat dene . And when an outraged posterity shall look into tbe chasm created by incapacity and treachery , at the bottom they will tee the Whig * .

      The Republican October. London: J. Watso...

      The Republican October . London : J . Watson , Queen ' s Head-passage . This number completes the first volume of the Republican . On the whole the writers in this publication have well acquitted themselves and deserve support ia the future .. The editor deserves a word of special commendation for his admirable articles on * Taxation . ' The present number contains in addition to articles by the editor , W . J . Linton , and Eugene , ' an Answer of tbe Polish Democratic Society to certain unjust reproaches and false accusations levelled at the Poles by Lamartine , and which answer exhibits the poetical phrase-monger in the not much to be envied light of a calumniator of the . brave men whose 'holy cause' he had previously betrayed . The lines in a preceding column , entitled ' The Lament of the Present' we have extracted from this number of the Republican .

      Calendar Of Gardening Operations For Oct...

      CALENDAR OF GARDENING OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER .

      ( From the Jftdfond . Florist . ) So much of th e beau ty of t he flow e r g arden de pe nd s on annuals and half hard ; plants , that it requires some foresight and attention to prepare for the period when these things are wanted . ThOta of our readers wbo have a pit , frame , or g ree n house , should sow Ten-week stocks , mignonette , Collintla bloolor , Erysimum PeroflVklanum , & c „ or any other seeds adapted for this purpose , that they may have tared during summer , in pots of fine light soil , so that they may be preserved during winter . These , when pricked oat in spring , wilfbave considerable start of those which are town In the open ground , and thus pr . long tha season of enjoyment . Biennials , plants that usually ar e s own one season and bloom the next , should be put . out where they are to flower . These are sweetwlUlamt , scab i ouses Canterbury belli , ic .

      The trailing stems of verbenas , It examined , will be found rojted ; these may be out off , and stuck round the si Jet of pots . Lob el ias t oo , should be divided and planted singly in pott . Some herbaceous varieties are nearly hardy , bat they will be better protected , Fansiet may still be struck , or divided , as the case ma y be : and late teedlinga , that have any good points about them , had better be reserved for tpting fhwering . It often happent that there are inch things at scarlet geraniums , salvias , heliotropes , bonvardias , andoupbeas ( all of which are beautiful ) , that have decorated the border during summer ; these may be carefully taken np , and potted in large pott . With a little trouble ( avoiding damp ) , they may bo kept through the winter , and will make splendid plants for the tame purpose , next summer . Carnations should be potted without delay . We usually place a pair In a pint pot . Directions in fall , for their management , are given hi our first volume .

      Tulipbeds should be immediately prepared , and t hrown up in ridges , that they may be levelled down any day , for planting , when the weather it suitable . Offsets will be better in the ground directly . Snails will often , at this season , damage auriculas and polyanthuses : the plants mutt be carefully examined , and the under part of the pots will frequently be found their hiding place . Djbllar . —Should the weather prove fine , these will continue to afford a great number of fine blooms . Gather seed whenever read y , and earth up the stems , to g uard against sudden frost .

      In the vegetable garden , we hope a good breadth of brfecoil , savoys , fee ., have been planted out , to provide against the serious deficiency in the potato crop , As seed p tatoes will be of great importance , we would recom-. mtnd those who have aay free from disease , or any new rleties , to store them in layers . They will be worth the trouble . Suppose in an outhoute , potatoes were laid on the floor , just touching each other , then procure tome dry burnt clay ashes , aay a cart load , to which has been added two bushels of slacked lime , mix theae well together , and just cover the potatoes ; then put another layer of potatoes , and another ot ashes , and so en , till the heap It fiaithed ; but we would not have it too high . We saw some potatoes , from which the diseased ones had prevlously been selected , kept in this way , last season , and though when removed in the spring , some showed traces of disease , it appeared that its effects had In a great mea * sure bsen arrested'by tbe action of the lime and ashes aad our opinion is , that this Is certainly the safest way o ; preferring them .

      Prick out cauliflowers . In cottagers ' gardens , when the kidney bean rods are done with , they maybe laid lengthwise on each tide of the rows , t ha t in severe wea t her , the bine or haulm may be thrown lightly ever them , whlo h will afford great protection from cutting winds , frost , Sec . Every available space thould be cropped with cabbage ; and lettuce should be planted in sheltered situations . Store all torts of roots , as parsnips , beet , carrots , Ac , and manure and ridge np all ground reserved for spring crop ' . Fruit trees may be removed the latter end of the montb , and evergreens now .

      Fatal Accident .— A Fatal Accident Ocsur...

      Fatal Accident . — A fatal accident ocsurred on Honday afternoon , at tho Rochdale station of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway , under the following circumstances : —It appears that a pilot engine leaves Wakefield for Rochdale several times per week , for the purpose of calling at the various stations on the line , to leave and take what luggage may be there . At half . past three o'clock , on Monday afternoon , the pilot engine was at tbe Rochdale station . There wat a bolster on one of tbe waggont , containing a large tree ; and the guard , J . Walker , was coupling two waggont , or tracks , together ; when they met the bolster gave way , and tbe timber went right against his head and killed him . He wat taken to the Railway Inn or hotel , to await the coroner ' a inquest . The unfortunate man was twenty-fire years of age , and was married .

      Fatal Accident oh the Liverpool and Boar Railwav . —On Saturday last , an accident , which has since proved fatal , occu r re d on t he Liverpool and Bu ry line near tbe racecourse at Aintree . A labourer named Denis Waterson , forty-two years of age , was filling waggons with earth . When they were full , he was la the act of getting on one of them , when the engine that was to drive them suddenly started ; th e conse q uence was t ha t the waggons behind dashed against him , and he wat badly crushed . The wretched man was at onoe removed to the infirmary , where he died of compound fracture of the leg . The medical men amputated the lamb , but it

      was of no avail , although itapptared that his constitution was perfectly sound . The Inquest was held on Wednesday , and was about to be adjourned , in order to afford time for the bringing of witnesses forward to show that no blame was attributable to the engineers , but one of ' he jury observed that he wat a maritime man , and that he was to proceed to tea to-morrow , ' Perhaps a short ' passage' observed the deputy coroner ( Mr Statbam ) , ' how far are you going ! ' * I am going , ' said the man , 'toNew Orleans . ' 'Had I known that / observed ilr Statbam , you should not have been on the jury . '—Tbe inqnest was then adjourned .

      Distobbakces bt Ibishheh . —On Tuesday evening a number of Irish labourers , ameunting to about a dozen or fifteen , assembled at one of the Innt in the vi llag e of Grea t Crosby , near L i ver p ool ; they had been employed by a farmer In the vicinity to dig potatoes , but resolved to ' strike' for higher waget . A proposition to this effect being made to the farmer , it was of courte rejected , and Paddy , in a fi t of d e spera t ion , attacked tbe inhabitants of the village of Great Crosby , where only two policemen were stationed—a sergeant and a constable . The Irishmen having multiplied ia numbers to more than twenty , all well-armed , the chances were decidedly in favour of the peace-breakers . The two policemen passed through the village , and were immediately

      attacked by three or four Irishmen with their forks , whloh they plunged almost in every direction ; for , having been turned out of the beer-heuie in a state of excitement , they were callous to the conssqnenoei , One of the policemen wat knocked down , and as soon as he recovered , ran away to the itation-house , leaving his comrade , the sergeant , on th e g round a l so , and a bou t to be butchered alive with the pitch-forks . Some women fortunately closed round the poor fellow to save him , and probably their screams , more than any thing else , frightened off the Irishmen ; for imagining that assistance might be at hand , they moved off down the village , an d t h e s e rgeant and t h e man Wes t head , covered with blood , made a final attack to apprehend the ringleader , a powerful Irishman , in wblch they succeeded .

      Death o ? the Eabl or Cablibii . —We have to announce the decease of the Earl of Carlisle , fa t her of Viscount Morpeth , who expired on Saturday moraing hut , In hit 76 th year . Viscount Mor p e th , M . P ., succeeds to tbe Earldom , which necessarily removes him from the House of Commons to that of the Lords , and willtuv S occasion a vacancy in the representation of tbe Weft Riding ?! ? orkshire . The present Earl was born In A p ril , 1812 . A correspondent ef the lAtm \ reports a case of successful treatment of hydrophobia by chloroform .

      It is estimated that eight persons who have erected and endowed churches at their own cott during the pre . sent year have together contributed £ 50 , 000 to the Established Church .

      -J Monfal Anft #Pre(Sn-

      -J Monfal anft # pre ( sn-

      Sibcoisiqn Ov The Constitution, On Wedne...

      SIBCOISIQn OV THE CONSTITUTION , On Wednesday the following articles were adopted : — Art . 28 , —The functions of representative of the people are incompatible with those of priblle offljers salaried by the state and revocable at will . No member of the National Assembly can during the Legi sla t ure be a pp oin t ed or promoted to salaried public functions of which the incumbents are chosen at will by the executive power , The following , however , are excepted : —Ministers , Under Sweta-ies of State , the Attorneys General of the Courts of Cassation and Appeal , t he Prefec t s o f th e Sein e and of Police , the Commander of the National Guard of Par i s and the representatives charged with temporary missions t .- foreign countries or to the interior of France , Art . 39;—Tbe clauses of the preceding article shall not be applicable to Assemblies elected for therevltion of the constitution . Art . 30 . —The Natloaal Assembly la elected for three years , and Is Integrally renewed .

      V' 31 , " ~ Tne National Assembly Is permanent ; nevertheless it may adjourn to any fixed period . During the prorogation , a committee , composed of the m * mbnt oi the board and of twenty . five representative ! named by tor * " S" by secret ballot , and at tht absolute ma * r > , 1 * tight t 0 Conv ( rt" - ¦ 1 " oate oi urgeaoy . The Am djw ' of th < s Republic has alto a right to convoke the M . Duplan propoted to authorise the National Ataem . Oiy to choose the place where l » wished to hold its sts-S ons , aodto fixtue military force required for Itt sscum l Ud f 0 r the mamtoIl * nce of the respect due to It , Which force was to be at its orders . The amendment wat carried by a considerable mtjority . Art . 82—The representatives are always re-ellglblo . Art . 83 . —The members of the National Assembly are the representative * , not ot the department which elects them , but ef the whole of France .

      Art . 81 . —They cannot receive from their constituents any fixed directions as to their votes . Art , 35 . —The representatives of the people ere Inviolable . They cannot be molested , accused , or judged at any time f r the opinions which they may have expressed ia the National Assembly , Art ; 86 . —They cannot be arrested in criminal ma tt ers except in flagrante delicto , nor prosecuted , unless after the Assembly hat authorised the prosecu t ion . M . F . andln proposed the following additional paragraph : — ' The case in which the representative is taken in flagrante delicto shall be immediately brought before the Assembly , who will malntain | or annul the arrest , ' The additional paragraph was adopted , Art . 87;—Etch representative of the people Is torecelve an indemnity which he cannot renounce .

      Art / 88 . —The sittings of the Assembly are public . Nev e r t heless , the Assembly can form itself into a secret committee , en the demand of the number of representatives fixed by the regulations . Art . 39 , —The presence of one-half of tbe members of the Assembly , plus one , i s necessary for the validity oi the vote of a law . Art . * 0 . —No bill save Incases of urgency , shall be definitively voted , extsept after three aeliberatlonsj at not lets than ten days' distance from each other . On Thursday , October 5 th , after the adoption of several unimportant aitlcles , the President , read the following letter : —

      • Monsieur le President , —Elected by fire departments , It Is my duty to inform you that I have decided to sit for Paris , the pl 8 oe * where ) I was bern , 'LOUIS NAP 0 M 0 H BoHArAETB . ' The President—The discussion now opens on Chapter T . of the Constitution relative to the executive power . The following are the articles on which this question turns : —

      • . OHAMJSB V . —THE EXEtOTiyB rOV / EE . Art . 41 , —The French people delegates this executive power to a citizen , who is to t ake t he t i t le of Presiden t of the Republic . Art . 42 . —The President must be a Frenchman born , t hir t y years of a g e a t leas t , and never t o have los t hi s q uali t y of a Fr e nchman , M ' Art . 43 . —The President is nominated by direct and universal s u f fra g e by bailor , aad by the absolute majority of the votes given . Art . 44 —Minutes of the electoral operations shall be Immediately transmitted to the National Assembly , which will , without delay , decide on the validity of the election , and proclaim the President of the Republic , If no candidate has obtained the half of the votes given , or if the conditions demanded by Art , 42 are not fulfilled , the National Assembly elects the President of the Republic , by an absolu t e m ajo ri t y and by ballot , amongst the five eligible candidates who have obtained the greatett num . ber of votes . '

      Art . 45 . —The * President of tbe Rtpublte is elected for four years , and is re-ellgkble only af ter an Interval of four

      years . The general discussion was declared to be opened . M . Felix Pyat declared himself to be opposed altogether to the Idea of having a President at the head of the Republic . The National Assembly had already , he said , for several months , governed the State , and why should It not do for the future jaat as it had begun 1 The Assembly could , as under tbe Convention , carry on the government ' -by meant of committees ; could nominate itt ministers ; oould , ia fact , perform at tbe same time , so to speak , tbe functions of an executive or leglf lative body , M . de Tooqueville contended for the election of a President by Universal Suffrage .

      On Friday , M . Fretnaw spoke , at length , in favour of an election of President by the country at largo , and was replfedto by M . Greoy , who contended that the Assem . bl y ough t t e keep t he w hol e p ower legislative aad executive , ia its own hands . M . J . de Layaterie took an opposite view . M . de Lamartine aseended tbe tribune at an advanced hour of the day , and contended earnestly In favour of referring the election of President to the voice of the people . Oa Saturday , t he Ass e mb ly divided on the

      amendmen t of M , Grecy , declaring that there should be no president ef tbe Republic , but merely a council of ministers , the Assembly divided , and the result was—for tbe amendment , 158 ; against it , 648 . - Tho Assembly then discussed the amendment proposed byM , Flocon , in favour of the nomination of tht President br tbe Assembl y , which amendment was substquently withdrawn , In favour of a similar amendment , ! proposed by M . Leblond , which was rejected . The following Is the result of the important vote on this amendment : — Voters present , 813 for th e amendmen t , 211 ; against

      it , eo 2 . Finallf , on Monday last , the President announced to the Assembly that the committee had modified the 43 rd article of the Constitution , which now stood thus : — 'The president is named by secret ballot , and by the absolute majority , of the voters , by the direct suffrage of all the electors of the French departments and of Algeria , ' Carried—For , 627 ; against , 130 . The next article , with a slight modification was adopted : — ' Minutes of the electoral operations shall be Immediately transmitted to tho National Assembly , wbl c h will , without delay , decide en the validity of the election , and proclaim the President of the Republic , If no candidate has obtained half of the votes given , or if the conditions demanded by article 42 , are not fulfilled , t he Na t ional Assemb ly elects the President of tbe Republic , by an absolute majority and by ballot , amongst the five eligible candidates who bars obtained tbe greatest number of votes . '

      M , Marrast next read the 42 ad article , which had been passed over : — ' The President must be a French , m a n bor a , thirty years of age at least , and never ha ve lost his quality of a Frenchman . ' M . Deville proposed , the following addition to the article , * The Presidency shall never be conferred on a general officer , nor on any direct or collateral member of the families who have reigned over France . ' M . Deville said that no democratical Republic or emancipated country should confide its destinies to ml . lltary government . It was one of tbe principal lessons given by history , in each page of whloh it wets inscribed .

      The experience of Napolson should not ba forgotten . He began by being First Consul , then was Consul for Life , and ultimately Emppror . A general officer wat in every respect unfit for the Presidency . The reign of the sword was that of brutal , ma t erial , and unintelligent fores . To cit e an example , it was only necessary to cite the present gsvernment , under which liberty of thought and of the press wat at an end , and no citizen was sure of bilng alive on the following day , Paris had ceased to be t he ca p ital of civili s a t ion ; it was an Immense milltary camp , covered with tents , barracks , & o , M . Deville ' s amendment was rejected .

      M . Anthony Thonret , in his turn , pro p osed that n o member of the families who reigned over France should be e l ec te d Presiden t , or Vice-President of tbe Republic . ' After several other speakers , Leule Napoleon ascended tbe tribune , and protested against the name of pretender , and against the calumnies to which he had been eipoted . He said he felt too grateful to the 8 , 600 , 000 electors who had elected him , to belray their trust . if . Thonret withdrew his amendment , and thr original article wat adopted : as was also the following article : — Art . 45 . » The President of the Republic is eleo ' . ed for four years , and is not re eligible until after an Interval of four years , '

      MATE OF PAWS . Parltmay be said to be tranquil , but Ihe usual gangs of dissolute and disorderly men wbo assemble outside the barrlert on Sundayt were yesterday more numerous and more turbulent than usual , and so muc h so In spmo placet , as to require a military fores to overawe them . They made no resistance however , and teampered off at tho approach of the Mobiles and the Republican and Marine Guards . The Red Republicans , it it said , are labouring with greater energy than ever in preparatlonfor another effort , ' ou a new and Improved principle . ' Tbe 12 th legion of the National Guard of Paris , which was commanded by Barbes , and which supplied so many hands to the insurgent ! of Jane , was disbanded after that event . The legion it again reorganised under the inspection of General Ghangarnler , and of 22 , 000 men Of wh | oh It was formerly competed , 14 , 400 have been disqualified ,

      GERMANY . TRIUMPH 01 > THE POET PRE 1 MQBATH . The trial of the poet Frelllgrath , at Dueaeldorf , for having published s poem exciting to Inturrectlon , ter .

      Sibcoisiqn Ov The Constitution, On Wedne...

      i mlnattd on the 8 rd Intt ., by hit full acquittal . Oa his ap pearanc e i n cour t , the dense crowd iatidepald him a ^^ mm ^ Jaj ^ a ^ . MA . j ^ ma . ^ mm . ftys , aadon l . avh > g the hall he was -scotted home by ! bIeZmw ° , rT ? , pe " ' Including a cossiderible number of the clvlos , uard . ~ JEI !?^ ° « ' *'• ~ * 9 icra 'y »¦«»* soldiers of the Lf ^ „\ ° i , *" amed wit ^ t poniards , knives , thfeUuS a " ? « l'en »>* ¦*>•» . ' into the Chamber o nrIf 2 ^ ° i i . «* rushed ; on the members f „ th . n ' .. \ W 0 ° ' * W ' The « ™« SO * soldiers la the club , seventy of ' whom were cuirassiers . The cr , mM ^ ' J Cu , l aB 8 ier « . adv a nce ' The latter Imme-« n , S «?* * «¦• *«*• . and a furlou , struggle emued . The report was then raised In the street that fJlfZi' / 6 " f " *• - <*«« - »• The National to SwT S ^ ? ^ guards , and t ook th e m o the Hotel de V-ile . An inquiry is to take plao , Into

      VIESNA . —The ministry Intends to punish an ap . peadlx to the laws of the press , without having asked the Assembl y authority . Tbe military will beoroVr « d to be in fall arms and cannons on tho ' glacis ; the democrats art preparing their weapons , A Democratic Pabluhbht — The democratic leaders of Berlin being dissatisfied with the march of affairs at Frankfort , ha ve sammon e d a conferen c e o f men of thtir own opinions , belonging to tbe D : etden sod other constituent assemblies , and it baa been resolved by them , in accord with all men belonging to the' constituent Chamber of Germany , to publish a manifesto de . daring thalr disavowal of alt tha aott of tho Frankfort parliament , and at the same time announcing the election and convocation of a new German parliament to meet at Berlin . Thfs assembly , under the denomination of Central Ass-mbl y of tha Democrats of Germany , ' is to meet ou the 2 «; h of October .

      THE WAR IN HUNGARY . We were misled by the P ressc into announcing , in oor last number , tho conquest of Hungary by the Ban of CIvatia . On the contrary , the Hungarians have formally repudiated the rule of Auttria preparatory to a death struggle for the defense of their nationality . Count Lamburg , appointed by the Austrian government as o ? mmandtr of the Hungarian forces , dtno « noed by the people as a traitor , was massacred by the people . On the 28 th , the Hungarian Diet unanimously passeda resolution , to the effect 'hat , in the absence of a govern men t , i t elec t ed , as a provisional on e , the committee of six who were appointed a fortnight before to aid Batbyan ] In war matters—such committee to have unlimited and full powers .

      The way in which Connt Lamberg- wai put to death WAS as follows !—So soon as tho Infuriated populace of Peslh had learned that be had arrived to replace tbe A rchduke S t ephen , they assembled around tht bouse in which he had intended to take up hit residence , Finding that the crowd wat rip * for mischief , he con t rived t o l eave t he premise s , andcrotttd over the bridge to Bada , where he songht refuge in thehouse of the commandtrdnchief . Tbe building , however , was speedily attacked , and the count , in disguise , attempted to regain Pttth in a carria ge , ia order to deliver his credentials to tht Han . gariaa Diet . Whilst crossing the bridge be wat rtoogsiied , his name was praneanced stood , and he wat

      instantly cut down by a number of men armtd with tpadea and scythes . He was then literally hacked and hewed to pieces . He has left a widow ( a native of Hungary ) and eight children . In another account it it stated that the Count first proceeded to Bud a , and that it was whilst making the second attempt to cross the bridge , in order to communicate with the Diet , that he was killed in the manner described . It may be stated here that the National Guards had previously resolved not to obey tha royal commission- * , and that tbe Diet itself had denounced as a traitor any person who should attempt to give publicity to any royal circulars not duly countersigned by ministers .

      The Ban of Croatia has been appointed by the Emperor , Commander in Chief in Hungary , and of all the Imperial troop in that country , —Gazette deBreslau , Oot , 4 tb . DEFEAT OF TBE BAN OP CROATIA BT THB HUNGARIANS . Viinna , Oct 3 rd . —The following bulletin has been psblisbed to-day .: — On tbe 2 lthSt . pt . tht right wing of Jellacbioh was repulsed , and 800 Croats threw themselves Into a marsh , Tha left wing of Jellacbioh now advanced , and victory was doubtful , At this time 12 , 000 peasants and National Guards , led by a noble Magyar , attacked the enemy In tbe rear , and the Croats , attacked on both tides , lost some thousands of men . The loss of tht Hungarians was also considerable , Jellacbioh was driven back with bis army to the Lake of Piattern . The Hungarians t o ok Coun t Zch y prisoner , and upon bim were found some letters from the baron , lo which the latter invites him t o enlis t t he Hun g arian sold ie rs The universal cry of' Death to the traitor' arose , and t he Coun t Zlchy was hung .

      The Pestsez Zeitdno and ether journals confirm the above aceoun t . The following Intelligence Is gleaned from various quarters , A Hungarian student named Eolosl , was the first to cut down with hit sword the fugitive count , while the latter was crossing the bridge faom Buda to Pesth . The infuriated crowd then forcibly entered tbe Diet , in order to announce tbe death of tho ' traitor , ' All the papers of Count Lamberg ( Incluiing aa imperial order for the dissolution of the Diet ) , and a large sum of money which he brought with him , were handed over by tbe populace to the authorities .

      The Intercepted letters found on the Count prove tha * . the Austrian Minister o ! War p » ys tht Croatian am ? with Austrian money , that he has promised to provide them with provisions from the public magazines , that he hat [ sent Austrian artillery , guns , and m e n , to tha Croatian army , that he has encouraged Austrian generals t o become tra i tors t o tbe Hungar i an governmen t , te which they had baen tnbmltted by law and by oatb . In short , the Austrian Minister of War was perfectly acquainted with Jillaohiah ' s intentions ; he supported bim by all mtans in his power , and , consequently , made war under another name against the Hungarian na t ion , with which the Austrian legislative assembly wished to be at peaca .

      The agitation amongst the people of P ^ sth very great . No one is to be seen in the streets without red feathers In their caps . Nothing Is heard bat tbe clang of arms , and the noise of vehicles carrying provisions and ammunition . The German bourgeoisie ot Pesth are alto carried away by tha movement , and march in arms against tht Croats , On the 27 th alt ., a battalion of volunteers left the barracks ef Djsulet , followed by a band of women and children , armed with sabres and muskets , whom It was impossible to keep back , Kossuth scours the plaint and sends into Pesth thousands of ptasants who are eager for the fray . Czeled and Eetskemet have furnished 16 , 000 men , and Kossuth has promised to bring 10 , 000 ,

      Lembbbo ( Poland ) , October 1 st . —For several days past great excitement has prevailed in the garrison of oar town . The Hungarian Regiment ( Grand Duhe Michael ) desired to itt out for Hungary ; he was o v e n o n the point of doing so , whan he heard tbat the Poles of Lamberg proposed to go to the assistance of tbe Hungarians . Tbe commander appeased the soldiers by promising that he would set out on tbe 6 th . The agitation , h owever , still continued , and a similar enthusiasm for tbe Hungarian cause was manifested by the Hussars . The IFIener ZtUung , of t he 5 t h ins t an t , con t ains th roe proclamation , of tbe Eoporor of Austria , whloh matt bring the Hungarian question to a crisis . The first of tbest proclamations appoints tbe Master of the Ordnance

      and Captain of the' Hungarian Guards , Baron Rgcz * , y , tO the pott of President of the Hungarian Ministry , and Charges him with the formation of a new Cabinet . Tho second proclamation is addressed to the Hungarian civil aud military authorities , and enjoins tbe rigorous execution of the decrees contained ia the third proclamation , which is the most Important of tbe three , for it contains the nomination sf Baron Jellaohlh , t he Ban of Croa t i a , to the post of Civil and Military Governor of Hungary , with almost unlimited powers , the dissolution of the Hungarian Diet , and the condemnation of their resolutions , ike proclamatioB of martial law in Hungary , and a eommand to prosecute and arrest the assassins of tbe latt Count Lamberg .

      Tht Sreslauer Zeilung asserts tbat twenty battalions and six batteries of artillery left Vienn-t on the 5 th instant , to enforce the execution of tbe Emperor ' * proclamations . Authentic accounts from Pesth represent the Magyar population as completely fanatic under the inspiration of Kossuth , who is hurrying from one place to another In order to preach up a crusade , not only against his immediate foes , but against Austria Proper , That the Croatlans have been defeated ia one , If Jnot

      two , partial encounters , admits no longer of doubt ; but by a masterly evolution' ( for tho furtherance of which , probably , Jellacbioh had sought the short truce which followed tbe contest on the 29 th alt . ) tbeBan has reached Wieselbnrg ( after occupying Raub ) , which is only some ten German miles from Yienna , and where he has p better chance of receiving reinforcements from that ca . pital than if he were In tbe vicinity of the Flatten Lake . According to tho Perth Gazelle the Magyars are daily reinforced by deserters from the Hungarian regiments in Galloia , Styris , and even AustriB Proper .

      Letters from P . sth direct , of tho 2 nd instant , state ' . hat a battalion of frontier troops had deserted the Ban and joined the Hungarians . It appears that two bro . there , Counts E , and O . Zichy , were not executed at one time , or at the same place—one being hanged in tho isle of Cttptl In the Danube , and the other at Adony , Both were found ' guilty of having acted as spies for Jel . lachicb .

      INSURRECTION AT THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE . An insurrection of the Boers ba « again broken out , beaded by Pretorlus thtj ^ former leader . Protoriue , at the head of 400 men , reached Bio m Fenteln on the 17 th of July , whence be forwarded a messenger to Major Warden , the British resident , offering terms ef oapltula . tion . M aj or Warden , finding himself altogether In a defenceless position , and believing that If he refused to accept the proposition made Pretorlus oould compel him to jltld by bringing a force of 1 , 000 men against him , he assented lo the conditions , which were that be should retire btyond the Orangt River , unmoles t ed , with all public andprlvatt property . belonging to British subjeott —thus peraalttlng tbe Queen ' s authority , for a time to be expelled from tbe northern tide of the river .

      Sir Harry Smith has started for the scene of opera , tlont , and it was believed would soon bring the straggle to a conclusion .

      The Cost Ef An Eighty-Gua Ship, Rigging,...

      The cost ef an eighty-gua ship , rigging , sails , and ordnance all complete , is estimated at £ 80 , 000 .

      Wmttit*.

      Wmttit * .

      Disease.— Scarlet Fever It At Present Ve...

      Disease . — Scarlet fever it at present very prevalent in this town . List w < ek one-fourth ef tho entire deaths wlthfn the borough were from this disease . —Liverpool Albion . A Spabtah Master . — A Spartan youth cotnplalned that his sword was too short , ' Lengthen it , ' rejoined his fencing master , ' by going a step nearer to your antagonist . ' HiBimTiBV . —The mother of Lord George Beatinck died not less suddenly than her eon ; bavicg been found dead in ber bed . Deadly . Notice , — The fol l owin g appears a h e Twlgg Folly Bridge , Bstbnal green : — ' Take notice , any persons trespassing on these premises are requested to bring their coffins with them . ' Fdhebal EiPENsEs , —U is calculated thut one million sterling is annually expended ia Lono ' onon tha pampout and ostentations Interments of tho rich .

      DiscovEBior a Satemte . —Mr W . Latsell , the Astronomer of Llverpoal , announces in the Tikes tiv : discovery of an eighth satellite of the planet Satura , Abmid Poiice . — . The Bradford police have bern aup » piled with new cutlasses , which they will wear during : the nights of the winter urontiw , Pbolific —There is now in a garden at Bolam , Northumberland , a fine pear tree , which after bearing , some months ago , an excellent crop , again blossomed , and now exhibits a second . t Unemployed in Adebdeek . — In Aberdeen , in a papulation not probably exceeding soventy . five thouiand , there arc said to be nearly five thousand persons out of employment , Celt ahd Saxon , —Of all races , Dr Know affirms , the Celtic man bat tbe least self-respect ; tha Saxon the greatest amount of self-esteem .

      Qobbb Old Boy . — An old man in Stockport , aged from ninety to one hundred years , hat been in the habl of using a coffin at a cupboird . He resembles ia this an eccentric individual beyond the Mersey . A Polite Editob . —The editor of the Abkansas Journal eoys : — 'Where our office was two weeks ago now runs tho Misslssipi river . Out of respect for the father of rivers , we left V Stbanoe Bbqcejt . —A rather eccentric individual who died about a fortnight ago in Bradford , having the sum of £ 100 to leave to bis heirs and successors , disposed of It thus : — ' £ 50 for burial expenses' and ' £ 50 to drink . ' Vauxhall Gabpehb . —It Is proposed , eays the BrjlLDEB , to turn Vauxhall into a winter garden ; the enclosures to be ornamented with a representation of the overland journey to India . A servant girl fall over one of the precipices of Arthur's Seat at Edinburgh , on Saturday , and was severely Injured ,

      The Caubbidoe oheonicle states that Mr Flockton , a s ur g eon , ot Sn et tis b am , has in sev e r a l c as es of En g lish cholera , given chloroform Internally , in doses frem four to eight drops , In cold brandy and water , wi t h marked success , It ought not to be used except by a professional man . A footman ef Lord Dacre was hung in 1705 for the murder of bis lordship's butler . The culprit was only nineteen years of age . While writing his confession he stopped short as he wrote , ' I murd— and turning to his keeper , asked , 'Pray how do you spell murdered ! Compliment . — Bona p arte presen t ed More a u on ona occasion with a magnificent pair of pistols , and paid him a s t ri k in g com p limen t , ' I intended , ' said ho , < to have got the names efvour vlotnrioo « ngra-od ujjuh tnem , but there was not room for them . '

      Last week , in Perthshire , a person named Read , whose stable was in flames , attempted in hia shirt to rescu e his hors es , rushed twice thus naked , into the flames , and in bis devoted efforts was so badly burned that he died in two or three hours afterwards . . The grouse shooting in the Highlands h ao , this year , been a comparative failure . A printer was fiaed £ 5 at Bradford , on Wednesday , for havin g issued a paper containing verses reflecting upon tho character of a detective officer without the usual imprint of his name and address . Somnambulism . —A few days ago , a little boy aged seven years , at Bralntree , in a state of somnambulism , precipitated himself from a three story window to the pavement , He was so much injured that no hopes are entertained of his life being preserved .

      It is said that four of the men with the expedition in search of Sir John Franklin , having lost fkoir way in a snow s t orm , have perished . Pbayinq bt Machinery . —A traveller says , that in Thibet they have a prayor-cylinder , something resembling a coffee-roaster , and resting on a movable axle , fixed in their chapels or houses of prayer , which the de . voutly disposed turn , and thus perform their devotions , Wo are sorry to say that prayer machines are not limited to Thibet . —New York Courier . The insurances offices in America have suffered largely by tbe destruction of the Ocean Monarch . Tbe total loss is estimated at 200 , 600 dollars . Letters from Constantinople , of the 15 th ultimo ,, mention the occurrence of two more fires — one at Fera , occupied exclusively by Europeans , which destroyed 200 houses and 50 shops ; and the other at Tekkir Serail , at whloh 500 buildings fell a prey te the flames .

      Like the Whioi . —Mr Macaulay has been appointed manager of tbe government bank at Mauritius , T h e bank h not yet In existence , but the manager tbat is to be is in receipt of a salary of £ 1000 per annum How they Economise . — The door porter at the Foreign office , has had his Christmas boxes struck off , and he h as onl y £ 100 ai year and apartments . Bat what is the fact ? Why he has compensation for the loss of those perquisites , and actually pays an income tax on upwards of . £ 250 . Exemption fbom Pook Rates . —On tho 31 st ult , an act was passed ( 11 th and 12 th Victoria , cap . 85 ) by which a former act is continued for a year , exemp t ing inhabitants frem liability to be rated as such in respect of stock in trade , or other property , to the relief of tbe poor . —London paper .

      A PABAGBArH FOB PEACE SOCIETIES . —The following is a list of the wars that have taken place between Eng . land and France alone : —1141 , 1 year ; 1161 , 25 years ; 1101 , 15 years ; 1224 , 9 years ; 1294 , 5 years ; 1339 , 21 years ; 1368 , 52 years ; 1422 , 49 years ; 1492 , 1 month ; 1512 , 2 years ; 1 62 1 , 6 y e ars ; 1 5 4 9 , 1 year ; 1557 , 2 years ; 1627 , 2 years ; 1666 , 1 year ; 1689 , 10 years ; 1702 , 11 years ; 1744 , 4 years ; 1756 , 7 years ; 1793 , 9 years ; 1803 , 11 y e ars ; and , lastly , In 1815 , when this calculation was made , 14 years , making , within a period of 700 years , 2 G 6 of desolating wars , and the loss of millions of Jives . Jodoe Subnet . — Judge Burnet , son of the famous Bishop of Salisbury , when young , is said to hare been of a wild and dissipated turn . Being one day found b his father In a very serious humour , ' Wha t is th e ma ter wi t h you , Tom , ' said the Bishop ; ' what are yo ruminating on ? ' 'A greater work than your lordship History of the Reformation , ' answered the son . 'Ay what is that ! ' asked the father . ' The reformation o myself , my lord , ' replied the son .

      A Philadelphia Dodge , —Tho steam-boat runners e Philadelphia have a system of' noselng out' passengers as It is railed , The fellow goes on board of an oppo * sition boat ; and commences snuffing , as though he smelt something unpleasant . ' What do you smell V some on e e n q uir e s . ' Dead bodies , ' Is tho reply , ' and I'll swear the } - have died of emall-pex , ' He then rushes for the other boat , follow e d b y the frightened voyagers . —New York Courier . Effect of Passion . — An American paper says , under data Washington , September 7 ib , 'Avery distressing accident happened this evening at Alexandria , Va . A lady , named Patterson , undertook to chastise her little son , but unfortunately struck him the first blo < r upon t he t emple , when be instantly fell dead , The mother has become entirely deranged . ' General Cavalgnao and LodIb Napoleon appear to be on the most friendly terms . They were observed to enter the National e , saembly on Thursiay ee'anlght arm-in-arm .

      Funny . Misfbiht . — By a curious misprint in a country paper , the Rev . Mr Bills , the husband of a woll . knowa authoress , is described as ' tbe husband of tbe ' Women of England . " A young man , named Ashmore , poisoned himself in Manchester , lately ; and In a note to bis sweetheart intimating bis intentions , mingled with his dying orders aspirations for republicanism . Diseased Cattle . —By tbe act of last session , for preventing the extension of disease vruongst cattle , it is provided that any person turning out sheep or larabe infected or labouring under disease , on any heath , common , epen fi e ld , roadside , or other undivided or uninclosed land , shall be liablo to a penalty of twenty pounds .

      Tested Intxbesti Annihilated , —Thieves and rogues have lost by an act of tbe past session , their last chance to escape ; for by 11 and 12 Vic ., c . 42 , permission is given to amend , ac the time for trial , those ' fl iws ia the indictment' by which so many rascals have crept out of punishment , A Monster of Blood . —A gentleman went a fishing the other day , and amongst othor things , hauled in a largo-s'sed turtle . To enjoy the surprise of his Irish servant girl he placed it in her bed-room . The next morning the first thing that bounced into tho breakfast room was Biddy , with tbe exclamation of ' Ba Jabcre , 1 ' vo got the devil "' ' What devil ! ' inquired the head of the house , feigning surprise . The bull bed bug that has been atein' the ehilder for the last months . —Netet-York Courier .

      Mehobt . — A gentleman had so bid a memory and so circumscribed , tbat he scarce knew what he read . A frlendkaowing tbls , l en t him th e same book to read , seven times over ; and being asked afterwards , bow he liked it , replied , ' I think it is an admirable production ; but the author sometimes repeats the same things . '— f * f « . bault . A new oarrioature has appeared In Paris representing Armand Marras t in t he year 1 888 . The venerable president , bis eyes protected by a green shade , and holding a bell with a feeble hand , is addressing the following words to an assembly of old men fastatleep , ' The sitting ef to-morrow will again be devoted to tbe discussion on the constitution . Come , gentlemen , we must at length have dene with It . ' Teetotamjm in Pabmambht . — It is stated that Mr

      Lawrence Heyworth Is tbe sole entire abstinent in par . liament , with the exception of Brothertes , who is said to be the only man In the house this lattt session Tibora Anttey did not drive into Bellamy ' s for refreshment ,

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 14, 1848, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse-os.kdl.kcl.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns2_14101848/page/3/